Academic literature on the topic 'Including WWW'
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Journal articles on the topic "Including WWW"
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Jenkins, Richard Dean. "Gerontology on the World Wide Web." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 9, no. 3 (August 1999): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259899009399.
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The World Wide Web (WWW) has much to offer clinicians, nurses, scientists and all those concerned with gerontology, including our patients and their relatives. This article reviews the history and structure of the WWW, outlines the basics of how to use it and what is available for the gerontologist. This is not a comprehensive list of all known webpages in gerontology, since this would not be possible, given the ever-changing nature of the WWW. Instead, this article offers a background knowledge and introduction to the types of resources that are available, enabling more productive use of the WWW for finding information in gerontology.
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Morgan, S. "WWW Archive of Fourier Coefficients." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 185 (2002): 168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100015918.
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AbstractFourier coefficients are a valuable tool in the study of a wide variety of pulsating stars. They can be used to derive various physical parameters, including mass, luminosity, metallicity and effective temperature and are frequently used to discriminate between different pulsation modes. With the increase in large-scale surveys and the availability of data on the Internet, the number of Fourier coefficients available for study has expanded greatly and it is difficult to find all current data for individual stars or a subset of stars. To assist others in obtaining and making use of Fourier coefficients, an archive of published values of Fourier coefficients has been set up. Users can search for data on individual stars or for a range of parameters. Several Java programs are used to display the data in a variety of ways. The archive is located at the Web site http://www.earth.uni.edu/fourier/.
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Dix, James A., Robert D. Allendoerfer, Wayne E. Jones, Roy A. Lacey, and Bernard J. Laurenzi. "An Electronic Curriculum for Introductory Chemistry." Journal of Educational Technology Systems 24, no. 2 (December 1995): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/k7kl-q88j-p9b5-xyt3.
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We are creating a World-Wide Web (WWW) introductory chemistry site that will incorporate many key features of an electronic chemistry curriculum, including flexibility, interactivity, extensibility, diversity, and self-assessment. The site will be accessible from browsers such as Mosaic and Netscape. Advantages of serving introductory chemistry from a WWW site include expanding access to chemistry instruction, platform independence, easing transitions between university units, and creating a curriculum responsive to diverse needs. Contributions and suggestions from the chemistry community can be incorporated easily and rapidly into the electronic curriculum. Since the WWW site could be used by any campus in the world having Internet access, we expect that our electronic curriculum will have a far-ranging impact on the way introductory chemistry is taught.
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Johnson, Melody Blythe, and Mehrab Mehrvar. "Treatment of Actual Winery Wastewater by Fenton-like Process: Optimization to Improve Organic Removal, Reduce Inorganic Sludge Production and Enhance Co-Treatment at Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities." Water 14, no. 1 (December 24, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14010039.
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Despite many wineries being equipped with onsite wastewater treatment, winery wastewater (WWW) co-treatment at municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) remains a common practice in wine-making regions. The complex and highly variable nature of WWW can result in negative impacts on WWTP operations, highlighting a need for improved co-treatment methods. In this paper, the feasibility of using the Fenton-like process to pre-treat WWW to enhance co-treatment at municipal WWTPs is assessed. First-stage pre-treatment of the WWW, in the form of dilution and settling or aerobic biological treatment, is used prior to the Fenton-like process. A three-factor BBD experimental design is used to identify optimal reaction time and initial H2O2 and Fe3+ concentrations. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) removal rates are not able to accurately reflect the extent of reaction. Additional trials identified solubilization of particulate COD and TOC, as well as samples handling requirements prior to analysis, as factors affecting the apparent COD and TOC removal rates. Inert suspended solids (ISS) generated during the sample handling process are found to be the response variable best suited to quantifying the extent of the Fenton-like reaction. Maximum ISS generation is observed at initial H2O2 and Fe3+ concentrations of 4000 mg/L and 325 mg/L, however, results suggest that optimal concentrations exceed these values. The impact of adding pre-treated WWW, with and without Fenton-like treatment, to municipal WWTPs’ primary clarifiers and aerobic bioreactors is also assessed via bench-scale trials. Challenges associated with co-treating WWW are found to remain despite the pre-treatment alternatives investigated, including negative impacts on simulated primary and secondary effluent quality. The Fenton-like AOP provides limited opportunity to optimize or enhance co-treatment at municipal WWTPs.
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Littlejohn, A. H., and W. D. K. Macrosson. "Web Authoring: Transferable Skills for Graduates of the Future." Industry and Higher Education 13, no. 4 (August 1999): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042229901300408.
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At the University of Strathclyde, second-year students reading for the BA in International Business and Modern Languages are being supported in developing personal transferable skills in communication via the World Wide Web (WWW). The ‘Webskills Initiative’ immerses them in major aspects of Website creation, including writing, design, preparation of graphics and Web page authoring. The aim of this paper is to present the Webskills Initiative as a case study and to examine the reactions of students to the course. There is also an analysis of student attitudes to using the WWW as a medium for communication.
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Thorne, B. B., E. B. Steel, and A. J. Fahey. "A Multi-Instrument Virtual Collaborative Environment VIA the Worldwide-Web at Nist." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600020274.
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Control of electron microscopes by a remote networked computer system has been implemented successfully in a variety of ways including via the World Wide Web (WWW). This approach works well with users who are familiar with the operation of the instrument and are experienced microscopists. However, many of our collaborations involve other scientists or engineers looking to us for analytical expertise. In order to accommodate collaborators with a broad range of skills and to allow them to interact remotely, in near-real time with a scientist operating an instrument, we have implemented a Virtual Collaborative Environment (VCE) based on a WWW server and the use of the server-push protocol.The system developed at NIST is a frames-based WWW page that is presented to the user with an index of instruments on the left side (FIG.l), live video pages to the right side, and a download area (via ftp) toward the bottom for data and high resolution images.
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TAVANA, MADJID, and DENNIS T. KENNEDY. "N-SITE: A DISTRIBUTED CONSENSUS BUILDING AND NEGOTIATION SUPPORT SYSTEM." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 05, no. 01 (March 2006): 123–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021962200600185x.
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This paper presents N-Site, a distributed consensus building and negotiation support system, which is used to provide geographically dispersed teams with agile access to a Web-based group decision support system. Four teams located in France, Mexico, the Ukraine, and the United States participated in the N-Site project. Each team was required to research the problem using the World Wide Web (WWW). With this background, each team identified opportunities, threats and alternatives as a basis for developing a response to the Cuban Missile Crisis that confronted President Kennedy in October 1962. The strategic assessment model (SAM) (M. Tavana, J. Multi-Criteria Decision Anal.11 (2002) 75–96; M. Tavana and S. Banerjee, Decision Sci.26 (1995) 119–143.) was used by each team to choose a strategy that best fit the team's perspective. SAM and WWW enabled the teams to evaluate strategic alternatives and build consensus based on a series of intuitive and analytical methods including environmental scanning, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and subjective probabilities. The WWW was used to achieve interaction among the international teams as they attempted to negotiate a decision framework and select a diplomatic response. The project was assessed with a Web-distributed survey instrument. This use of the WWW has implications for international diplomacy as well as global business.
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Morgan, Siobahn M. "WWW-Based Fourier coefficient database – A status report." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 193 (2004): 176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100010575.
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AbstractThe status of the WWW-based Fourier Coefficient web site is presented. Currently the database has coefficients for not only galactic field variables, but also those found in globular clusters and other galaxies, including the Magellanic Clouds. The database can be used to show various correlations between physical characteristics of the stars and the coefficients, as well as inter-relationships between the coefficients themselves. The database is accessible at http://nitro9.earth.uni.edu/fourier/.
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LŐRINCZ, ANDRÁS, ISTVÁN KÓKAI, and ATTILA MERETEI. "INTELLIGENT HIGH-PERFORMANCE CRAWLERS USED TO REVEAL TOPIC-SPECIFIC STRUCTURE OF THE WWW." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 13, no. 04 (August 2002): 477–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054102001230.
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The slogan that "information is power" has undergone a slight change. Today, "information updating" is in the focus of interest. The largest source of information today is the World Wide Web. Fast search methods are needed to utilize this enormous source of information. In this paper our novel crawler using support vector classification and on-line reinforcement learning is described. We launched crawler searches from different sites, including sites that offer, at best, very limited information about the search subject. This case may correspond to typical searches of non-experts. Results indicate that the considerable performance improvement of our crawler over other known crawlers is due to its on-line adaptation property. We used our crawler to characterize basic topic-specific properties of WWW environments. It was found that topic-specific regions have a broad distribution of valuable documents. Expert sites are excellent starting points, whereas mailing lists can form trape for the crawler. These properties of the WWW and the emergence of intelligent "high-performance" crawlers that monitor and search for novel information together predict a significant increase of communication load on the WWW in the near future.
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Murtazin, M. "Islamic Internet in the Post-Soviet Space." Russia and New States of Eurasia, no. 3 (2020): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2073-4786-2020-3-126-138.
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It is clear that the presence of an Islamic factor in WWW has become an objective reality, including in the post-Soviet Muslim countries. It could be determined as a Cyber-Islamic Environment (CIE). In the post-Soviet space the CIE is represented mostly by official Islamic structures, while the presence of unofficial religious organizations and individual preachers is more limited. Nevertheless the influence of the non-official CIE is significant and is capable to be converted into one of the mechanisms of social protests and revolutionary activities in post-Soviet Muslim countries in case of emergence of critical situations. It is clear that state authorities will accelerate control over the CIE in the coming years using various instruments against religious radicalism and extremism in WWW.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Including WWW"
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Darries, Fatima. "The impact of the Internet on Reference services in Higher Education libraries in South Africa." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://eprints.rclis.org/7770/1/DarriesFatima-Masters2002.pdf.
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Internet access has become an indicator of a country’s socio-economic status in the Information Society. Libraries of higher education institutions support the parent institutions’ objective to produce graduates able to function in this society. Consequently, the Web, the most popular part of the Internet, has become ubiquitous in reference services. This study investigates the impact of the Internet on reference services by exploring the following areas: user Internet access and training in the library, use and integration of the Internet as an information tool in reference services and the Internet training and knowledge of reference librarians.
An electronic survey was done using the Web and e-mail to distribute the questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into six sections, and consisted of multi-choice answers with an open-ended question at the end of each section inviting further comments. The target population was the heads of reference services at large libraries and the directors at smaller libraries of the 36 higher education institutions in South Africa. Their e-mail addresses were obtained from the library or parent institutions’ Web sites. A total of 90 potential respondents were e-mailed and 26 responded, representing 19 institutions and yielding a low response rate of 29%. Low response rates are however, typical of electronic surveys. A total of eight reference librarians at two institutions in the Western Cape were interviewed, representing both a historically disadvantaged institution (HDI) and a historically advantaged institution (HAI), and a technikon and university library. The interviews were structured and consisted of mostly open-ended questions. The interviews lasted about an hour and were tape-recorded.
The results showed that all responding libraries have Internet access and all but one provided access to their users. On average, users have had Internet access for three and a half years. User Internet training tended to be on a one-to-one basis at the point-of-use. On average, reference librarians have had Internet access for five years. The majority of librarians have attended formal Internet training programmes. However, the librarians interviewed considered these to be introductory and gained the skills and knowledge by actual use and from colleagues. Librarians reported that the reference process took longer, that user search behaviour had changed and expectations had increased. While the majority of libraries had Web sites, only a small number of librarians had individual pages that they updated and maintained. The majority of libraries provided electronic reference via e-mail and the library Web site, but these are characterised by low usage. Finally, libraries tended to offer both end-user and intermediary searching to online databases. The study concluded, amongst others: that libraries lacked adequate computer facilities and consequently cannot provide optimal Internet access to students, and that librarians have integrated the Internet as an information tool but that libraries have not yet taken full advantage of what the Internet offers. The study recommends: that the bandwidth and number of student computer facilities be increased in libraries and that this problem be addressed at national government level, that libraries develop electronic reference as a core service, and that librarians increase their Internet and online instruction efforts by using e-mail, Web tutorials and virtual classrooms to reach more students.
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Morales, Vargas Alejandro. "Gestión y desarrollo del portal web del Instituto de la Comunicación e Imagen de la Universidad de Chile." Thesis, Universidad de Chile, 2004. http://eprints.rclis.org/39657/1/morales_a.pdf.
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The web portal of the Institute of Communication and Image sought to achieve the following objectives: Offer a multimedia service that disseminates all the information related to the Institute, contributing to its institutional consolidation; to constitute a tool for disseminating academic work and a dynamic medium that allows the campus to position itself as an outstanding reference for content on communication; support in a transversal way the teaching, extension and internal management tasks of the Institute; generate segmented spaces (channels) towards the different types of potential audience of the portal, both within the university community and among external navigators; define an orderly information architecture with different forms of access, emphasizing usability and the use of international standards for web development; increase the presence of academic publications in electronic format (magazines, research, articles, working documents, papers, among others); reinforce the contingent information area (news and highlights) with reports, interviews, activities agenda, extension notices, offer of courses, products and services; orient graphic design in relation to the image that the University and the Institute wish to project, while interpreting the diversity of concepts that coexist within them; provide expedited access to the information resources and online services currently offered by our university; use a dynamic content management model, with flexible support, and compatible with the future institutional portal of the University of Chile; serve as a platform for setting up future courses and workshops in the form of distance education via the internet (e-learning).
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Sequeiros, Paula. "Ler uma biblioteca nas inscrições de leitores, espaço e Internet : usos e representações de biblioteca pública." Doctoral thesis, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/50425.
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Apresenta-se investigação, teoricamente orientada e empiricamente suportada, explorando e desenvolvendo possíveis relações entre usos da biblioteca pública, nas vertentes do uso de recursos documentais, do espaço e da Internet, por um lado, e, por outro, as suas representações. Recorrendo a uma abordagem qualitativa, aplicou-se o método de caso alargado, de Michael Burawoy, à Biblioteca Almeida Garrett na cidade do Porto. As ferramentas de recolha de informação foram entrevistas semiestruturadas, em profundidade, análise de desenhos de crianças, observação, análise documental de textos oficiais e fotografia. Entrevistaram-se vários leitores e leitoras, incluindo não-utilizadores de Internet, responsáveis, técnicos e pessoal de atendimento da biblioteca, assim como o arquitecto. Como resultados intermédios são apresentados vários perfis de utilizadores e é avançada uma explicação para a génese e funcionamento dum sistema tácito de regulação de condutas, sobretudo no que ao ruído diz respeito. Como resultado final conclui-se que não há nenhum «impacte» claramente disruptivo induzido pela Internet nas representações recolhidas e analisadas, colocadas em relação com as alterações recentemente registadas nas práticas leiturais: algumas imagens representacionais há em que a Internet reforça a imagem tradicional de biblioteca como organização enciclopédica, como conjunto de recursos diversificados; outras há em que, se o seu uso contribuirá, por um lado, para esse reforço, por outro, atualiza e democratiza essa representação pela abertura a práticas não eruditas e pela propiciação de usos recreativos, ou ainda de usos comunicacionais e instrumentais baseados na Internet; em situações mais extremas, quando biblioteca e Internet se usam como termos sinónimos da gramática representacional, (...).
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Murillo, Rosa-María. "Comunidades virtuales bibliotecológicas argentinas, sus miembros, su implicación y la generación de vínculos solidarios." Thesis, 2006. http://eprints.rclis.org/9409/1/CVBA%5B1%5D.Murillo.pdf.
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Thesis presented to the Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, which has as objective to search on the argentine library virtual communities, which comprises weblogs, groups, forums or discussion lists. It will be intented to define them, to know the mechanisms to access them, to observe the norms that regulate them, delimitate its scope and inquire on the subjects treated. Likewise it is desidered to know how communication circulates inside them and what kind of implications they have for its members. From all the virtual communites recognised it was chosen Asociación de Bibliotecarios Graduados de la República Argentina (ABGRA) due to the fact that it comprises a great diversity of professionals in Argentina. Besides it is intented to know how its members make use of it –librarians and documentalists- but also what kind of expectations they have and how they get involved on them, interact and make solidary links.
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De, Bruyne Denis. "Van Long Tail tot Second Life - Bibliotheek 2.0 als wissel op de toekomst." Thesis, 2008. http://eprints.rclis.org/11031/1/Long_Tail_tot_Second_Life_PDF.pdf.
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Library 2.0 - a concept based on blogs, wikis, RSS, social bookmarking or other - can provide a new future for libraries. Are the librarians ready for this shift? Are the users ready for it? Is it something for now or for much later? This thesis tries to answer these questions.
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Leitão, Paulo. "Organização da informação em subject gateways." Thesis, 2004. http://eprints.rclis.org/14279/1/TESE_Paulo.pdf.
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The present dissertation is about Subject Gateways a kind of Internet access service
created to serve the academic community’s information needs, characterized for
selecting web resources accordingly with quality criteria, describing information with
structured metadata languages and to give access through keywords and particularly
browsing structure’s development. These services are analyzed from the point of view
of processes and ways of organizing information.
The five initial Gateways (SOSIG, HUMBUL, EEVL, PSIGATE, BIOME) of the RDN
(Resource Discovery Network) are specifically analyzed regarding to used metadata
languages and ways of organizing information. This analysis aims to know the process
of organizing information, and also evaluate their quality in relation to target audience
expectation about systems of organizing bibliographic information of this kind. Within a
specifically theoretical framework witch defines the characteristics and aims of any
bibliographic information system as well there metadata languages, this analyze was
developed in two different ways: from the conceptual point of view, through the study
of all cataloguing rules of the services, and from the practical point of view, using a
significant sample of each services descriptions and their browsing structures. In both
cases the services were analyzed and evaluated accordingly with the criteria defined
from the proposed theoretical framework
These services use a model based in traditional processes of information organization,
with several adjustments in the sense of descriptive simplification and adaptation to the
described resources, with special concerns about subject access and representation. The
metadata quality about subject as well as the global quality of resources description
allows that these services meet some of main user’s expectations. The problems are
those related with finding all the documents about the same Author, all documents
belonging to the same Work, all documents belonging to the same Version, and, at last,
to be able to Navigate in the bibliographic universe.
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Rodríguez-Palchevich, Diana-Rosa. "Blogs de bibliotecas escolares argentinas (un estudio exploratorio)." Thesis, 2010. http://eprints.rclis.org/15135/1/Tesina-Diana-versionfinal.pdf.
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This thesis report describes the exploratory study conducted on school library blogs that were active in Argentina from March 2009. The released aspects were: geographic origin, educative level of the establishment host, adressees, collaborative purpose of last the thirty published entrances and tools at the disposal of the users A theoretical frame is included in addition that includes/understands the subjects blogs, bloguers blogosfera, profiles, social networks, school libraries and social and technological contexts that condition the incorporation of blog in the school libraries.
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Merlino-Santesteban, Cristian. "Acceso y recuperación de información en la World Wide Web. Análisis de motores de búsqueda y metabuscadores." Thesis, 2001. http://eprints.rclis.org/11881/1/merlino-santesteban_c.pdf.
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describes and analyzes the access and the information retrieval in the World Wide Web. First of all, it studies the operation of the motors search and the metasearchers. Secondly, it is shown the state of situation of the information retrieval at the Web, through tríad system-document-user. And finally, it evaluates the performance of search and metasearch motors in two preexperiments. The first one analyzes, emulating the conduct of the user, the arrangement by relevance of first the ten and twenty results of five motors search of greater cover in response to expressions search nonstructures. And the second, calculates the traditional measures of precision and thoroughness, determines the sly proportion of URLs and similarity between five finders and three metabuscadores using for its interrogation little frequent words.
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Mitis-Stanzel, Irene. "Social Tagging in Bibliotheken." Thesis, 2008. http://eprints.rclis.org/11900/1/Social_Tagging_in_Bibliotheken-wordle.pdf.
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This thesis deals with social tagging used for indexing of library holdings. Social tagging is the process by which users add metadata in form of free keywords to resources. The emerging pool of tags is called folksonomy. This paper describes how folksonomies work and illustrates potential features of social tagging in libraries. It becomes clear that folksonomies cannot keep up with traditional cataloguing methods in some respects, but allow various new possibilities. Therefore social tagging cannot replace subject indexing, but may complement it. This is proved by examples of public and academic libraries which already apply social tagging.
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Zotter, Marlena. "Das lehrwerksbezogene Online-Angebot von Schulbuchverlagen in Deutschland und Österreich. Eine Analyse von Angeboten zum Fach Mathematik an allgemein bildenden Schulen der Sekundarstufe I und II." Thesis, 2003. http://eprints.rclis.org/6420/1/zotter_schulbuchverlage.pdf.
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This thesis investigates online supplements for schoolbooks from a publisher's perspective. Online supplements can be characterised as content provided by publishers which is available via Internet and has an apparent connection to a certain printed schoolbook. They can range from mere hypertext documents and downloadable files to online training units. The aim of this thesis is to examine if the online supplements currently available exploit the full potential of Internet technologies. A further goal is to gain insight into the plans of school publishers regarding free access versus charging for access to their online materials. The approach chosen includes a survey which for practical reasons is restricted to online supplements for schoolbooks which are certified for use in mathematics classes in secondary education in Germany or Austria. The online supplements are evaluated using a set of categories designed by the author, namely embedding in the website, structuring, help function, cost, target group, area of application, source and technical basis. Additionally, interviews with representatives from four school publishing companies and one web platform for online supplements are conducted. The questions cover issues regarding their motives as well as their plans and experiences with online supplements. The findings reveal that online supplements are predominantly targeted at teachers rather than pupils and at the time fail to take advantage of the full potential of the Internet. They still rely on structure and functionality of print, while exploiting specific assets of the Internet. Access is mainly free of charge at present, but publishers are increasingly adding paid content, which is distributed over joint online platforms.
Books on the topic "Including WWW"
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Gilster, Paul. Finding it on the Internet: The essential guide to archie, Veronica, Gopher, WAIS, WWW (including Mosaic), and other search and browsing tools. New York: Wiley, 1994.
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Cryder, Marilyn M. 1987 guide to the cemeteries of Delaware County, Ohio including locations MAPS and a listings of burials of services men through WWI, in Delaware County cemeteries. Delaware, OH: Delaware County Historical Society, 1987.
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James, A. R. A bibliography of WW2 HMSO paperbacks: Being a bibliography of His Majesty's Stationary Office series of publications in paperback and wrappers dealing with contemporary aspects of World War Two and mostly published between 1941 and 1947 and including a price guide. Southwick, W. Sussex: A.R. James, 1993.
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Fountaine, Elizabeth, Patricia Rogers, and Lynn Liu. Postpartum Care for Women with Epilepsy. Edited by Emma Ciafaloni, Cheryl Bushnell, and Loralei L. Thornburg. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190667351.003.0022.
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A majority of women with epilepsy (WWE) will have a normal pregnancy and labor course. The postpartum period is a high risk time for WWE, which is less commonly addressed and arguable more important to discuss and plan for. The best way to have an uneventful labor and postpartum course is to make a care map before a WWE becomes pregnant. Providers should plan comprehensive epilepsy treatment not only during a pregnancy but also for the postpartum period including anticipated changes in AED dosing, breastfeeding discussions, and anticipation of the importance of social support. This includes providing ideas and suggestions to WWE about how to best care for themselves and keep their infant safe in the setting of a possible seizure. This chapter will discuss some of the challenges WWE face in the postpartum period and necessary considerations to ensure a safe and healthy transition to parenthood.
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WOW! My First Simple Uppercase Letter Trace Book: Practice Your Number Trace Including. Independently Published, 2021.
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Jobani, Yuval, and Nahshon Perez. Women of the Wall. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190280444.001.0001.
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For more than twenty-five years, the Women of the Western Wall (WoW) have been leading a groundbreaking struggle, attempting to gain permission from Israeli authorities to pray according to their manner at Judaism’s holiest prayer site, the Western Wall. The WoW’s determined activism has gained widespread media coverage. This book is the first comprehensive academic study of their struggle, and it seeks to place it in a comparative and theoretical context. It explores various dimensions of the group’s struggle, including an analysis of the women’s attempts to modify Jewish Orthodox mainstream religious practice from within and invest it with a new, egalitarian content; a comprehensive survey of the numerous legal rulings of various courts about the case; and considerations of the broader political and social significance of the WoW struggle. This analysis in turn makes it possible to address several wider questions in religion-state relations: How should governments manage religious plurality within their borders? How should governments respond to the requests of minorities—in this case, religious women—that conflict with the mainstream interpretation of a given tradition? How should governments manage disputed sacred spaces located in the public sphere? Women of the Wall: Navigating Religion in Sacred Sites critically explores several theories of religion-state relations, and concludes that a context-sensitive privatization is the most adequate governmental response, for the WoW struggle as well as for similar current religious conflicts over sacred sites and public spaces.
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Nazi Soundscapes Sound Technology And Urban Space During Nazi Germany. Amsterdam University Press, 2012.
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William Dean The Greatest Of Them All His Life His Locomotives His Legacy Including The Story Of The Dean Goods In Ww1. Noodle Books, 2012.
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Arneil, Barbara. Labour Colonies in North America. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803423.003.0004.
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In Chapter 4, the author analyses the introduction of domestic labour colonies in the United States and Canada. Unlike Europe, permanent labour colonies for the general population of ‘idle poor’ were rejected. Instead they were either implemented temporarily at moments of crisis (post-WWI and the Depression) or, more importantly, for racialized minorities over a longer period of time. The bulk of the chapter is thus spent on two case studies: colonies for freed African-American slaves in the United States viewed as the necessary corollary of emancipation and colonies for Metis and indigenous peoples of Canada as important tools in the assimilation of such populations. Racialized colonies were justified by many of the leading thinkers in both countries, including two of the most iconic and celebrated figures in American and Canadian history, Abraham Lincoln and Tommy Douglas, who make the case for colonies for freed slaves and Metis people, respectively, in their jurisdictions, nearly a century apart.
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Ward, Jacob, and Jon Agar. Histories of Technology, the Environment, and Modern Britain. UCL Press, 2018.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Including WWW"
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Vaiciukynaite, Egle, Ineta Zickute, and Justas Salkevicius. "Solutions of Brand Posts on Facebook to Increase Customer Engagement Using the Random Forest Prediction Model." In FGF Studies in Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 191–214. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11371-0_9.
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AbstractThis paper aims to predict customer engagement behaviour (CEB), i.e. likes, shares, comments, and emoji reactions, on company posts on Facebook. A sample of 1109 brand posts from Facebook pages in Lithuania was used. The Random Forest method was used to train models to predict customer engagement behaviour based on features including time frame, content, and media types of brand posts. The data was used for training nine binary classification models using the Random Forest method, which can predict the popularity of a company’s posts. In terms of social score, accuracy of likes, comments, and shares varied from 68.4% (likes on a post) to 84.0% (comments on a post). For emotional responses, accuracy varied from 65.6% (‘wow’ on a post) to 82.5% (‘ha ha’ on a post). The data was collected from one single media platform and country, and encompassed emotional expressions at an early stage on Facebook. The findings of Random Forest prediction models can help organisations to make more efficient solutions for brand posts on Facebook to increase customer engagement. This paper outlines the first steps in creating a predictive engagement score towards diverse types of brand posts on Facebook. The same approach to features of brand posts might be applied to other social media platforms such as Instagram and LinkedIn.
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Zolyomi, Agnes. "How to Make Policy-Makers Care about “Wicked Problems” such as Biodiversity Loss?—The Case of a Policy Campaign." In Co-Creativity and Engaged Scholarship, 527–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84248-2_17.
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AbstractPolicy-makers define our lives to a great extent, and are therefore the people everybody wants to talk to. They receive hundreds of messages in various forms day-by-day with the aim of making them decide for or against something. They are in an especially difficult situation as regards the so-called “wicked” or “diffuse” problems such as climate change and biodiversity loss (Millner and Olivier, 2015; Sharman and Mlambo, 2012; Zaccai and Adams, 2012). These problems are limitedly tackled at the policy level despite their major socio-economic and environmental implications, which is often explained by their complexity with a sense of remoteness of effects (Cardinale et al., 2012; WWF, 2018). Communicating advocacy or scientific messages of biodiversity is therefore both a challenge and an under-researched topic (Bekessy et al., 2018; Posner et al., 2016; Primmer et al., 2015; Wright et al., 2017), where both social and natural sciences and both scientists and practitioners are needed to contribute (Ainscough et al., 2019). In order to be successful in delivering messages, communication not only needs to be self-explanatory and easy to consume but novel as well. It additionally helps if the message arrives in a more extraordinary format to draw even more attention. Based on experiences drawn from a conservation and advocacy NGO’s work, this chapter will divulge various socio-economic theories about creative methods, communication, and influencing decision-makers through a campaign fighting for the preservation of key nature legislation. It will be demonstrated how different EU policy-makers, including representatives of the European Commission and Members of the European Parliament, the general public, and other stakeholders, were addressed with various messages and tools (e.g., short films, social media campaigns, fact sheets, involvement of champions). In addition to other key factors such as public support, knowledge of the target audience and political context, the probable impacts and limitations of these messages will also be elaborated. The relevance to the integration and employment of better socio-economic theories into improving communication is straightforward. It is crucial to tailor-make future advocacy work of “wicked problems” such as biodiversity loss and climate change, since these are not usually backed up by major lobby forces and are, therefore, financed inadequately compared to their significance. Understanding the way in which policy-makers pick up or omit certain messages, as well as what framing, methods and channels are the most effective in delivering them to the policy-makers, is pivotal for a more sustainable future.
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Manfreda, Katja Lozar, and Vasja Vehovar. "Web Survey Methodology (WebSM) Portalatform." In Handbook of Research on Electronic Surveys and Measurements, 248–52. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-792-8.ch026.
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<div>The chapter describes a Web portal, dedicated to survey research, using modern information-communication technologies, especially the WWW. Although supported by EU since 2002, it provides worldwide visitors information on events (e.g., scientific meetings, calls for papers, projects), software, and literature on the methodology and implementation of Web surveys. The most valuable databases are the bibliography (including over 2,000 entries) and software/services databases (including over 500 entries).<br></div>
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Tari, Zahir, Abdelkamel Tari, and Surya Setiawan. "CODAR." In Web-Powered Databases, 266–97. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-035-6.ch010.
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Connecting heterogeneous databases through the World Wide Web (WWW) is crucial for most business organizations. The underlying complex problem is the handling of heterogeneity and communication between different data repositories (or database systems). Such interoperability is crucial as it enables the integration of business processes across different business organizations, and therefore becomes a key issue within the new generation of Web-based business applications (called Web Services). CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) provides protocols and components that allow interoperability between different software platforms (Tari & Bukhres, 2001), such as C++ and Java. However, CORBA does not deal with WWW-based interoperability. In this paper we propose an extension of one of the core elements of CORBA, called Portable Object Adapter (POA), to deal with persistency of business information. The proposed extension, called CODAR, manages the whole life cycle of persistent objects, including activation, deactivation, instantiation, and deletion. At the end of this paper we describe an extension of CODAR to deal with performance by including advanced caching and prefetching techniques.
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Hai-Jew, Shalin. "Interpreting “You” and “Me”." In Digital Democracy and the Impact of Technology on Governance and Politics, 20–37. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3637-8.ch003.
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Over a billion people are said to use the WWW and Internet, with 1 in 6 humans on earth accessing these technological systems. Many of these users have created their own personal profiles online, and all also have “silent information” about them that may be accessed on a variety of connected databases (including many on the Deep, Hidden, or Invisible Web). People use the WWW and Internet with a semblance of anonymity, but in fact, most interactions online are trackable to Personally Identifiable Information (PII), which allows for the revealing of the individual behind the photo, the video, the information, or other elements. Internet profiles may be coalesced into actual identities, even with inaccuracies, and such information may be kept in perfect electronic memory into perpetuity. This current reality has implications for citizens’ peace-of-mind and degrees of freedom in decision-making. This chapter offers an approach that may serve as a “forcing function” to propose limitations to the sharing of private information in public spaces.
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Şendurur, Emine, Hatice Gökçe Bilgiç, and Polat Şendurur. "Integrating Formal and Informal Learning Opportunities of Technology in Higher Education." In Handbook of Research on Innovative Digital Practices to Engage Learners, 379–400. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9438-3.ch020.
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Along with the recent developments in technology, the paradigm of learning and teaching has changed with the changing demands of society and learners. A new learner-centered paradigm enforces the changes in the roles of teacher, learner, and the environment. Learning is not restricted with a place or time. Especially with the advance of technology-based environments including www, social networks, and online learning environments, people can reach information anytime/anywhere, which brings about various experiences for informal learning. The aim of this chapter is to present a guideline for the integration of formal and informal learning opportunities of technology in higher education. As a result of the study a guideline is presented for higher education. The guideline is focused on eight issues including (1) know your students, (2) update yourself, (3) be online, (4) provide sharing opportunities, (5) provide discussion opportunities, (6) keep information alive, (7) use learning analytics, and (8) support interdisciplinarity.
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Chen, Yangjun. "Path-Oriented Queries and Tree Inclusion Problem." In Encyclopedia of Database Technologies and Applications, 472–79. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-560-3.ch079.
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With the rapid advance of the Internet, management of structured documents such as XML documents has become more and more important (Marchiori, 1998). As a simplified version of SGML, XML is recommended by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium, 1998a; World Wide Web Consortium, 1998b) as a document description meta-language to exchange and manipulate data and documents on the WWW. It has been used to code various types of data in a wide range of application domains, including a Chemical Markup Language for exchanging data about molecules, the Open Financial Exchange for swapping financial data between banks and banks and customers, as well as a Geographical Markup Language for searching geographical information (Bosak, 1997; Zhang & Gruenwald, 2001). Also, a growing number of legacy systems are adapted to output data in the form of XML documents.
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Hai-Jew, Shalin. "Static Text-Based Data Visualizations." In Advances in Multimedia and Interactive Technologies, 203–302. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8696-0.ch007.
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Data visualizations have enhanced human understandings of various types of quantitative data for many years. Of late, text-based data visualizations have been used informally and formally on the WWW and Internet as well as for research. This chapter describes this phenomenon of text-based data visualizations by describing how many of the most common ones are created, where the underlying textual datasets are extracted from, how text-based data visualizations are analyzed, and the limits of such graphical depictions. While this work does not provide a comprehensive view of static (non-dynamic) text-based data visualizations, many of the most common ones are introduced. These visualizations are created using a variety of common commercial and open-source tools including Microsoft Excel, Google Books Ngram Viewer, Microsoft Visio, NVivo 10, Maltego Tungsten, CASOS AutoMap and ORA NetScenes, FreeMind, Wordle, UCINET and NetDraw, and Tableau Public. It is assumed that readers have a basic knowledge of machine-based text analysis.
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Coutinho, Ana Paula. "Plaisir du texte et imaginaire numérique de la littérature, à partir de François Bon." In Plaisirs de lire: é/etats de l’art, 75–85. FLUP-ILC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/978-989-54784-9-1/lib27a6.
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There have never been so many books published (including literature), but the number of readers is far from increasing in the same proportion. Apparently, digital invasion in contemporary life imposed the end of the book, at least as we know it since Gutenberg, which does not necessarily mean the end of literary writing and reading, but rather their mutation, particularly accelerated. The work of François Bon, author, among others, of the Après le Livre (Seuil, 2011) and La Société des Amis de L’Ancienne Littérature (2020) essays, both born within his digital platform - www. tierslivre.net -, are the center of my article, which intends to highlight the proposals of this multimode author, because they represent the foundation of a linked literary writing-reading in digital age, as well theirs challenges to « the pleasure of the text », in order to a « rebirth » of the book as a multisensory composition of a widening distance from the world.
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Weippl, Edgar. "Security Awareness." In Handbook of Research on Information Security and Assurance, 441–46. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-855-0.ch039.
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This chapter outlines advanced options for security training. It builds on previous publications (Weippl 2005, 2006) and expands them by including aspects of European-wide cooperation efforts in security awareness. Various examples will show what characterizes successful programs. The authors cooperate with ENISA (http://www. enisa.eu.int/) to create a new multi-language awareness training program that uses virtual environments to allow users to train on real systems without any danger. We describe the design and the proposed implementation of the system. In cooperation with the Austrian Computer Society (http://www.ocg.at) we lay the basis for an ECDLmodule on IT security awareness training. Companies are obliged to reasonably secure their IT systems and user awareness training is one of the most important and effective means of increasing security. If claims are filed against a company, it is in the interest of management to provide proof that all users completed IT security training. Moreover, advanced and experienced users need a training environment that lets them try complex scenarios in a safe environment.
Conference papers on the topic "Including WWW"
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Bliznakov, Plamen I., Jami J. Shah, and Susan D. Urban. "Integration Infrastructure to Support Concurrence and Collaboration in Engineering Design." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/eim-1420.
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Abstract Traditionally, CAD tools have provided limited possibilities for interaction between different participants in a design project. This paper describes an environment for information integration of CAD systems and other application programs referred to as meta-level design information system. Taxonomies of CAD and other application programs with regards to their “integration friendliness” and possibilities for remote access by the enduser are developed. These taxonomies can be used by CAD vendors as a guidance for development of software which can be integrated easier in a higher-level design information system. In this work the taxonomies are used to catalogue the applications and their data. The information integration infrastructure is based on an object-oriented multidatabase using the WWW to transfer the transactions. An information broker provides a global conceptual view of data and knowledge stored in a metadatabase including description of product data and design constraints, design process, organizational information, etc. It processes user queries and dynamically accesses the information from CAD tools (which act as objects on the WWW) if needed. The CAD tools interface is provided by software network adapters. They export parts of the local application models needed for maintaining intertool constraints and supporting remote queries by participants in the design process who do not have direct access to the CAD systems.
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Araújo, Luís Augusto C. de, and Onofre Trindade Júnior. "Mirador - Uma Ferramenta para Monitoramento e Gerenciamento de Multicomputadores." In International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbac-pad.1999.19779.
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Technological advances in computer memory, communication networks and central processing units have made the use of computer networks, as parallel machines, a cost-effective, high-performance solution. To the user's point of view, it is very important the availability of tools for the monitoring and management of this class of system. The entire machine must look as a single system and not a collection of independent machines. This paper presents the Mirador: a graphic tool for the monitoring and management of multicomputers, including those ones based on local area network technology. The Mirador can be used from any machine in the network running a WWW browser, with support to the Java language. The tool does not depend on any specific computer platform. Several tasks can be performed with the use of the Mirador, including: task removal, node interaction, monitoring of memory occupation and processor load and detection of hardware malfunctions.
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Aziz, El-Sayed, and C. Chassapis. "Development of an Interactive Web-Based Support System for Gear Design." In ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2002/dac-34114.
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The Internet and World Wide Web (WWW) are now evolving as an important communication technology and a major information resource provider for industry. This paper discusses the development and implementation of a knowledge-based gear design and manufacturing system over the Internet to create new integrated design and manufacturing environments. By providing access to an interactive web-based support system, any designer with a WWW browser becomes a potential user of this on-line design system. Once connected, the designer follows the system instructions and submits the necessary input data on the appropriate web pages. The server receives a request from a client and invokes a CGI (Common Gateway Interface) program that processes the information provided through the user Interface. The CGI parses the data and has the ability to remotely run the knowledge-based gear design system that integrates knowledge about all aspects of gear design and manufacturing and provides powerful reasoning and decision-making capabilities for reducing the time between gear tooth creation, detailed design and manufacturing process specification via the Internet. When the execution is completed, full specifications definition, geometry, kinematic-loads and stresses are determined through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) within ANSYS, VRML models of the gear pair and gearbox assembly including gears, shafts, bearings and housing are exported according to the designer requests and sent back to designer on the web browser. To accomplish this, a combination of HTML, JavaScript, VRML, CGI Script and C++ is used. Finally, an example on spur gear design utilizing a parallel gearbox design model configuration is discussed.
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Heeringa, T. "Torsional Vibration Analysis by Bondgraph Modelling. A practical approach." In 14th International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition. IMarEST, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/issn.2515-818x.2018.034.
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The traditional modeling approach in engineering is mathematical, but thanks to the advances in computer technology it is now possible for the practical engineer to model physical systems in a more “user friendly” way. This paper will demonstrate the power and simplicity of Bond Graphs in modelling technique. Bond Graph modelling was original developed in the late 1950s by the late Professor Henry M. Paynter of MIT. Professor Paynter acted well before his time as the main advantage of his creation, other than the modeling insight that it provides and the ability of effectively dealing with mechatronics, came into fruition only with the recent advent of modern computer technology and the tools derived as a result of it, including symbolic manipulation, MATLAB and SIMULINK and the simulation package 20sim, see: www.20sim.com , which allows direct input of the Bond Graph.
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Chen, Li, Zhijie Song, and Billy Liavas. "Exploration of a Multi-User Collaborative Assembly Environment on the Internet: A Case Study." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/cie-21291.
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Abstract Real-time collaboration systems, in which participants share product data and applications in real time, have been a subject of interest for many years. Nowadays, a rapid development of Internet-based technologies with steadily increasing easiness in accessing any kind of information through the World Wide Web (WWW) would offer the possibility of developing a real-time collaborative system over the Internet. Two strategies are required to create such a system. One strategy is finding effective methods for communicating and sharing distributed product information, especially those related to design and manufacturing. Another strategy is developing Web-based approaches that support real-time sharing of platform-independent applications. In this paper, a concept for a multi-user collaborative assembly environment on the Internet is presented. The Client/Server structure of the environment, and the four main functional modules including: 1) integration and sharing of distributed product data through a STEP server; 2) session management including team management, user management and access control; 3) sharing of multimedia data (e.g. text, audio and video); 4) 3D collaborative assembly, are described. Finally, a scenario has been designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the environment to support distributed collaborative assembly design.
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Vogel, Doug, Maxwell Guo, Phil Zhou, Stella Tian, and Jacky Zhang. "In Search of SecondLife Nirvana." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3184.
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Pedagogically-driven support for groups is a continuing challenge as we move forward in embracing technology in an ever changing educational environment. SecondLife (www. SecondLife.com) is a virtual environment that is receiving global attention and recognition. In this paper, we compare SecondLife to other group support technologies through an extended T echnology Acceptance Model (TAM) lens. The environment chosen is a virtual team space in which an online book is produced through interactions between graduate students in Hong Kong and the Netherlands. A portfolio of technologies including email, forums, videoconferencing, SecondLife, and MSN was provided for team support and subsequently evaluated. Results indicate that SecondLife (at least in its current incarnation) is likely to need some reincarnation prior to ascent to Nirvana. In that sense, it is a goal hoped for but yet to be attained in supporting teams. Suggestions for development and directions for future research are provided. Conclusions are drawn.
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Ih, Charles S., B. H. Zhuang, Yan Shen, and Keqian Lu. "Computer simulation of optical design including holographic optical elements." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1987.ww1.
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Personal computers can now be used for serious optical design. Currently there is much good optical design software available for the IBM PC, Macintosh, and their compatibles. This software can provide high-resolution graphics, design optimizations, tolerance analyses, and image evaluations. The HOEs are now being considered for serious optical designs in which HOEs are intermixed with conventional optics. To the authors’ knowledge, none of the commercially available optical design software can analyze a generally defined HOE. Most of the software can only deal with simple holograms generated by two-point sources. Since a complete analysis and optimization are an important and necessary part of an optical design procedure and since, unfortunately, these processes are laborious and difficult, one naturally wants to take advantage of the software's capability as much as possible to perform these tasks.
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Kallweit, Stefan, Stefan Dittmaier, and Peter Uwer. "NLO QCD corrections to WW+jet production including leptonic W decays at hadron colliders." In RADCOR 2009 - 9th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections (Applications of Quantum Field Theory to Phenomenology). Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.092.0003.
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Shi, C., L. Manuel, M. A. Tognarelli, and T. Botros. "On the Vortex-Induced Vibration Response of a Model Riser and Location of Sensors for Fatigue Damage Prediction." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20991.
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This study is concerned with vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of deepwater marine risers. Riser response measurements from model tests on a densely instrumented long, flexible riser in uniform and sheared currents offer an almost ideal set-up for our work. Our objectives are two-fold: (i) we use the measured data to describe complexities inherent in riser motions accompanying VIV; and (ii) we discuss how such data sets (and even less spatially dense monitoring) can be used effectively in predicting fatigue damage rates which is of critical interest for deepwater risers. First, we use mathematical tools including Hilbert and wavelet transforms to estimate instantaneous amplitudes and phases of cross-flow (CF) and in-line (IL) displacements for the model riser as well as scalograms to understand time-frequency characteristics of the response; this work confirms that the motion of a long flexible cylinder is far more complex than that of a rigid cylinder, and that non-stationary characteristics, higher harmonics, and traveling waves are evident in the riser response. Second, a well-established empirical procedure, which we refer to as Weighted Waveform Analysis (WWA), is employed to estimate the fatigue damage rate at various locations along the length of the riser from strain measurements at only eight sensors. By iterating over numerous different combinations of these eight strain sensors as inputs (from among all the twenty-four available locations on the riser), optimal locations for the eight sensors on the riser are identified by cross-validation, whereby predicted strains and fatigue damage rates at locations of instrumented sensors are compared with strains and fatigue damage rates based on actual recorded measurements there. We find that, if properly placed, as few as eight sensors can provide reasonably accurate estimates of the fatigue damage rate over the entire riser length. Finally, we demonstrate how more accurate fatigue damage prediction can result when non-stationary response characteristics are considered and a modified WWA method (that more effectively accounts for traveling waves than the WWA method alone does) is employed.
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Klein, Stanley A., and Brent Beutter. "Hermite functions maximize the spacespatial frequency uncertainty of Gaborlike functions." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.ww3.
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Wavelets that are localized both in space and in spatial frequency are useful for vision modeling and image processing. For example, in image compression one would like localization in spatial frequency so that the small spatial filters are insensitive to low spatial frequencies to which the visual system is highly sensitive. One would also like spatially localized filters to reduce interference between adjacent features. Several investigators, including Gabor, asked what particular wavelet shape minimizes the joint space-spatial frequency uncertainty (the Heisenberg uncertainty). Consider the class of functions that are an nth-order polynomial times a Gaussian. Gabor proved that the nth-order Hermite polynomial produced the extremum of the Heisenberg uncertainty. He believed that the extremum he found was the minimum. We found that Gabor was partly right and partly wrong. A Hermite polynomial when multiplied by a Gaussian is indeed an extremum of the Heisenberg uncertainty for the class functions that are an nth-order polynomial times a Gaussian. The problem is that it maximizes rather than minimizes the uncertainty.
Reports on the topic "Including WWW"
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Khan, Mahreen. Lessons from Adaptive Programming. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.142.
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The aim of adaptive programming (AP) is to produce adaptive, flexible, iterative, responsive, problem-driven, politically smart, locally led programmes which are effective and efficient and meet donor requirements for accountability. This is a rapid desk review of recent literature on AP including academic and grey sources. Section 2 covers the main challenges and barriers to successful implementation of AP. Key success factors are covered in Section 3. Selecting the appropriate monitoring and evaluation tools such as outcome harvesting or adapted versions of Value for Money to assist in measuring outcomes and embedding learning is key to successful AP, particularly in governance programmes, where results are usually long-term, non-linear and causality can be difficult to specifically trace back to the donor-funded intervention. Section 4 details three case studies from the governance arena as this report was requested to assist in designing adaptive governance programmes. Thus, the State Accountability and Voice Initiative (SAVI) from Nigeria, Chakua Hatua from Tanzania, and Within and Without the State (WWS) from conflict regions are included to show how flexible indicators, donor communication and negotiation, empowering teams and adopting monitoring and evaluation tools assisted in successful AP outcomes in different locations and political contexts. The challenges faced and drawbacks of certain processes were fed into efficient feedback loops fostering cross-communication, adaptation, and modification to ensure procedures and policies were changed accordingly. Sources used are primarily from the previous 5 years, as per K4D norms, unless the work is seminal, such as the ODI Report (2016) Doing Development Differently, which encouraged over 60 countries to sign up for the AP methodology. This review found a substantive body of literature on AP methodology the relative recency of academic attention on AP in the development less evidence is available on case studies of AP in the development sector, as there are not many ongoing projects and even fewer have been completed and results assessed (ICF, 2019). There is also a lack of case studies on how dynamic, empowered, innovative teams successfully apply adaptive programming ideas, particularly providing behavioural insights about such teams (Cooke, 2017) as well as little attention to precipitating and sustaining behaviour change in institutions over the longer term (Power, 2017).
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Eneroth, Hanna, Hanna Karlsson Potter, and Elin Röös. Environmental impact of coffee, tea and cocoa – data collection for a consumer guide for plant-based foods. Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.2n3m2d2pjl.
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In 2020, WWF launched a consumer guide on plant-based products targeting Swedish consumers. The development of the guide is described in a journal paper (Karlsson Potter & Röös, 2021) and the environmental impact of different plant based foods was published in a report (Karlsson Potter, Lundmark, & Röös, 2020). This report was prepared for WWF Sweden to provide scientific background information for complementing the consumer guide with information on coffee, tea and cocoa. This report includes quantitative estimations for several environmental categories (climate, land use, biodiversity and water use) of coffee (per L), tea (per L) and cocoa powder (per kg), building on the previously established methodology for the consumer guide. In addition, scenarios of consumption of coffee, tea and cocoa drink with milk/plant-based drinks and waste at household level, are presented. Tea, coffee and cacao beans have a lot in common. They are tropical perennial crops traditionally grown in the shade among other species, i.e. in agroforestry systems. Today, the production in intensive monocultures has negative impact on biodiversity. Re-introducing agroforestry practices may be part of the solution to improve biodiversity in these landscapes. Climate change will likely, due to changes in temperature, extreme weather events and increases in pests and disease, alter the areas where these crops can be grown in the future. A relatively high ratio of the global land used for coffee, tea and cocoa is certified according to sustainability standards, compared to other crops. Although research on the implications of voluntary standards on different outcomes is inconclusive, the literature supports that certifications have a role in incentivizing more sustainable farming. Coffee, tea and cocoa all contain caffeine and have a high content of bioactive compounds such as antioxidants, and they have all been associated with positive health outcomes. While there is a strong coffee culture in Sweden and coffee contributes substantially to the environmental impact of our diet, tea is a less consumed beverage. Cocoa powder is consumed as a beverage, but substantial amounts of our cocoa consumption is in the form of chocolate. Roasted ground coffee on the Swedish market had a climate impact of 4.0 kg CO2e per kg powder, while the climate impact of instant coffee powder was 11.5 kg CO2e per kg. Per litre, including the energy use for making the coffee, the total climate impact was estimated to 0.25 kg CO2e per L brewed coffee and 0.16 kg CO2e per L for instant coffee. Less green coffee beans are needed to produce the same amount of ready to drink coffee from instant coffee than from brewed coffee. Tea had a climate impact of approximately 6.3 kg CO2 e per kg dry leaves corresponding to an impact of 0.064 CO2e per L ready to drink tea. In the assessment of climate impact per cup, tea had the lowest impact with 0.013 kg CO2e, followed by black instant coffee (0.024 kg CO2e), black coffee (0.038 kg CO2e), and cocoa drink made with milk (0.33 kg CO2e). The climate impact of 1kg cocoa powder on the Swedish market was estimated to 2.8 kg CO2e. Adding milk to coffee or tea increases the climate impact substantially. The literature describes a high proportion of the total climate impact of coffee from the consumer stage due to the electricity used by the coffee machine. However, with the Nordic low-carbon energy mix, the brewing and heating of water and milk contributes to only a minor part of the climate impact of coffee. As in previous research, coffee also had a higher land use, water use and biodiversity impact than tea per L beverage. Another factor of interest at the consumer stage is the waste of prepared coffee. Waste of prepared coffee contributes to climate impact through the additional production costs and electricity for preparation, even though the latter was small in our calculations. The waste of coffee and tea at Summary household level is extensive and measures to reduce the amount of wasted coffee and tea could reduce the environmental impact of Swedish hot drink consumption. For the final evaluation of coffee and tea for the consumer guide, the boundary for the fruit and vegetable group was used. The functional unit for coffee and tea was 1 L prepared beverage without any added milk or sweetener. In the guide, the final evaluation of conventionally grown coffee is that it is ‘yellow’ (‘Consume sometimes’), and for organic produce, ‘light green’ (‘Please consume). The evaluation of conventionally grown tea is that it is ‘light green’, and for organic produce, ‘dark green’ (‘Preferably consume this’). For cocoa, the functional unit is 1 kg of cocoa powder and the boundary was taken from the protein group. The final evaluation of conventionally grown cocoa is that it is ‘orange’ (‘Be careful’), and for organically produced cocoa, ‘light green’.
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Elizur, Abigail, Amir Sagi, Gideon Hulata, Clive Jones, and Wayne Knibb. Improving Crustacean Aquaculture Production Efficiencies through Development of Monosex Populations Using Endocrine and Molecular Manipulations. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7613890.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Background Most of Australian prawn aquaculture production is based on P. monodon. However, the Australian industry is under intense competition from lower priced overseas imports. The availability of all-female monosex populations, by virtue of their large size and associated premium prize, will offer competitive advantage to the industry which desperately needs to counteract competitors within this market. As for the redclaw production in Israel, although it is at its infancy, the growers realized that the production of males is extremely advantageous and that such management strategy will change the economic assumptions and performances of this aquaculture to attract many more growers. Original objectives (as in original proposal) Investigating the sex inheritance mechanism in the tiger prawn. Identification of genes expressed uniquely in the androgenic gland (AG) of prawns and crayfish. The above genes and/or their products will be used to localize the AG in the prawn and manipulate the AG activity in both species. Production of monosex populations through AG manipulation. In the prawn, production of all-female populations and in the crayfish, all-male populations. Achievements In the crayfish, the AG cDNA library was further screened and a third AG specific transcript, designated Cq-AG3, had been identified. Simultaneously the two AG specific genes, which were previously identified, were further characterized. Tissue specificity of one of those genes, termed Cq-AG2, was demonstrated by northern blot hybridization and RNA in-situ hybridization. Bioinformatics prediction, which suggested a 42 amino acid long signal anchor at the N-terminus of the deduced Cq-AG2, was confirmed by immunolocalization of a recombinant protein. Cq-IAG's functionality was demonstrated by dsRNA in-vivo injections to intersex crayfish. Cq-IAGsilencing induced dramatic sex-related alterations, including male feature feminization, reduced sperm production, extensive testicular apoptosis, induction of the vitellogeningene expression and accumulation of yolk proteins in the ovaries. In the prawn, the AG was identified and a cDNA library was created. The putative P. monodonAG hormone encoding gene (Pm-IAG) was identified, isolated and characterized for time of expression and histological localization. Implantation of the AG into prawn post larvae (PL) and juveniles resulted in phenotypic transformation which included the appearance of appendix masculina and enlarged petasma. The transformation however did not result in sex change or the creation of neo males thus the population genetics stage to be executed with Prof. Hulata did not materialized. Repeated AG implantation is currently being trialed. Major conclusions and Implications, both scientific and agricultural Cq-IAG's involvement in male sexual differentiation had been demonstrated and it is strongly suggested that this gene encodes an AG hormone in this crayfish. A thorough screening of the AG cDNA library shows Cq-IAG is the prominent transcript within the library. However, the identification of two additional transcripts hints that Cq-IAG is not the only gene mediating the AG effects. The successful gene silencing of Cq-IAG, if performed at earlier developmental stages, might accomplish full and functional sex reversal which will enable the production of all-male crayfish populations. Pm-IAG is likely to play a similar role in prawns. It is possible that repeated administration of the AG into prawn will lead to the desired full sex reversal, so that WZ neo males, crossed with WZ females can result in WW females, which will form the basis for monosex all-female population.