Academic literature on the topic 'Incisor retraction'
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Journal articles on the topic "Incisor retraction"
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Ruellas, Antônio Carlos de Oliveira, Matheus Melo Pithon, and Rogério Lacerda dos Santos. "Maxillary incisor retraction: evaluation of different mechanisms." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 18, no. 2 (April 2013): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2176-94512013000200021.
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OBJECTIVE: To mechanically evaluate different systems used for incisors retraction. METHODS: Three different methods for incisors retraction using 0.019 x 0.025-in stainless steel wire were evaluated. The samples were divided into three groups: Group A (retraction arch with 7-mm high vertical hooks); Group G3 (elastic chain attached to the miniimplant and to the 3-mm stainless steel hook soldered to the retraction arch); Group G6 (elastic chain attached to the mini-implant and to the 6-mm stainless steel hook soldered to the retraction arch). A dental mannequin was used for evaluation in order to simulate the desired movements when the device was exposed to a heat source. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test were used (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The results demonstrated that Groups G3 and G6 exhibited less extrusion and less incisor inclination during the retraction phase (p < 0.05). With regard to incisor extrusion, statistically significant differences were observed between Groups A and G3, and between Groups A and G6 (p < 0.05). Regarding incisor inclination, statistically significant differences were observed between the three systems evaluated (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Arches with 6-mm vertical hooks allow the force to be applied on the center of resistance of the incisors, thus improving mechanical control when compared with the other two systems.
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Schneider, Patricia Pigato, Luiz Gonzaga Gandini Júnior, André da Costa Monini, Ary dos Santos Pinto, and Ki Beom Kim. "Comparison of anterior retraction and anchorage control between en masse retraction and two-step retraction: A randomized prospective clinical trial." Angle Orthodontist 89, no. 2 (November 26, 2018): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/051518-363.1.
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ABSTRACT Objectives: The purpose of this two-arm parallel trial was to compare en masse (ER) and two-step retraction (TSR) during space closure. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight adult patients with bimaxillary protrusion who were planned for treatment with extraction of four first premolars were enrolled. All patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either the ER (n = 24) group or the TSR (n = 24) group. The main outcome was the amount of posterior anchorage loss in the molars and the retraction of the incisors between ER and TSR; the difference in incisor and molar inclination was a secondary outcome. Lateral cephalometric radiographs and oblique cephalometric radiographs at 45° were taken before retraction (T1) and after space closure (T2). Cephalograms were digitized and superimposed on the anatomic best fit of the maxilla and mandible by one operator who was blinded to the treatment group. Results: Neither incisor nor molar crown movements showed any significant differences between the ER and TSR. There were no significant differences in the tipping of incisors and molars between the two groups. Conclusions: No significant differences existed in the amount of retraction of incisors and anchorage loss of molars between ER and TSR. Changes in incisor and molar tipping were similar, with the crowns showing more movement than the apex.
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Dhanani, Darshit, and G. Shivaprakash. "Cephalometric Evaluation of Alveolar Bone Remodeling following Anterior Teeth Retraction." CODS Journal of Dentistry 8, no. 1 (2016): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10063-0006.
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ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the extent of the alveolar bone remodeling after incisor retraction using lateral cephalograms. Materials and methods Lateral cephalograms of 30 patients with age of 16 years and above requiring therapeutic extraction of both maxillary and mandibular first premolars, mainly for the purpose of retraction of anterior teeth, had been taken at the start of treatment and after retraction of anterior teeth. Various hard tissue anatomical landmarks were traced, and linear parameters of pretreatment (T1) and postretraction (T2) lateral cephalometric radiographs were measured. The mean and standard deviation were calculated, the data were tabulated, and comparison of T1 and T2 readings was made utilizing paired Student’s t-test. Results When maxillary incisors are retracted, the labial bone thickness at the midroot level (MxL2) and at apical level (MxL3) increased during upper incisor retraction. There was a significant reduction in alveolar bone thickness on the lingual/palatal side after maxillary and mandibular incisor retraction. Conclusion When tooth movement is limited, forcing the tooth against the cortical bone may cause adverse sequelae. This type of approach must be carefully monitored to avoid negative iatrogenic effects. How to cite this article Dhanani D, Shivaprakash G. Cephalometric Evaluation of Alveolar Bone Remodeling following Anterior Teeth Retraction. CODS J Dent 2016;8(1):21-24.
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Wang, Qingzhu, Peizeng Jia, Nina K. Anderson, Lin Wang, and Jiuxiang Lin. "Changes of pharyngeal airway size and hyoid bone position following orthodontic treatment of Class I bimaxillary protrusion." Angle Orthodontist 82, no. 1 (July 27, 2011): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/011011-13.1.
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Abstract Objectives: To test the hypothesis that the sagittal position of the anterior teeth has no effect on pharyngeal airway dimension or hyoid bone position and to investigate the influence of orthodontic retraction of the anterior teeth on each section of pharynx and hyoid position. Materials and Methods: Forty-four Class I bimaxillary protrusion adults, treated with preadjusted appliances and maximum anchorage after extraction of four premolars, were divided into two groups according to their vertical craniofacial skeletal patterns. Pretreatment and posttreatment variables were compared using paired t-test, and the relationship between pharyngeal airway size and dentofacial variables was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient. The changes of pharyngeal airway size and hyoid position after treatment were compared between two groups using independent t-test. Results: Upon retraction of the incisors, the upper and lower lips were retracted by 2.60 mm and 3.87 mm, respectively. The tip of upper incisor was retracted by 6.84 mm and lower incisor retracted by 4.95 mm. There was significant decrease in SPP-SPPW, U-MPW, TB-TPPW, V-LPW, VAL, C3H, and SH (P < .05). No statistically significant different changes were observed in the dentofacial structures, pharyngeal airway, and hyoid position between the two groups after the treatment. There was a significant correlation between the retraction distance of lower incisor and the airway behind the soft palate, uvula, and tongue. Conclusions: The pharyngeal airway size became narrower after the treatment. Extraction of four premolars with retraction of incisors did affect velopharyngeal, glossopharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and hyoid position in bimaxillary protrusive adult patients.
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Eksriwong, Teerapat, and Udom Thongudomporn. "Alveolar bone response to maxillary incisor retraction using stable skeletal structures as a reference." Angle Orthodontist 91, no. 1 (September 9, 2020): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/022920-146.1.
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ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate alveolar bone change in relation to root position change after maxillary incisor retraction via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) using stable skeletal structures as a reference. Materials and Methods A total of 17 subjects (age 24.7 ± 4.4 years) who required retraction of the maxillary incisors were included. Labial and palatal alveolar bone changes and root change were assessed from preretraction and 3 months postretraction CBCT images. The reference planes were based on stable skeletal structures. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare changes within and between groups, as appropriate. Spearman rank correlations were used to identify the parameters that correlated with alveolar bone change. The significance level was set at .05. Results The labial alveolar bone change after maxillary incisor retraction was statistically significant (P < .05), and the bone remodeling/tooth movement (B/T) ratio was 1:1. However, the palatal bone remained unchanged (P > .05). The change in inclination was significantly related to labial alveolar bone change. Conclusions Using stable skeletal structures as a reference, the change in labial alveolar bone followed tooth movement in an almost 1:1 B/T ratio. Palatal alveolar bone did not remodel following maxillary incisor retraction. The change in inclination was associated with alveolar bone change.
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Kim, Kayoung, Sung-Hwan Choi, Eun-Hee Choi, Yoon-Jeong Choi, Chung-Ju Hwang, and Jung-Yul Cha. "Unpredictability of soft tissue changes after camouflage treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusion with maximum anterior retraction using miniscrews." Angle Orthodontist 87, no. 2 (September 19, 2016): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/042516-332.1.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To compare soft and hard tissue responses based on the degree of maxillary incisor retraction using maximum anchorage in patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study sample was divided into moderate retraction (<8.0 mm; n = 28) and maximum retraction (≥8.0 mm; n = 29) groups based on the amount of maxillary incisor retraction after extraction of the maxillary and mandibular first premolars for camouflage treatment. Pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were analyzed. Results: There were 2.3 mm and 3.0 mm of upper and lower lip retraction, respectively, in the moderate group; and 4.0 mm and 5.3 mm, respectively, in the maximum group. In the moderate group, the upper lip was most influenced by posterior movement of the cervical point of the maxillary incisor (β = 0.94). The lower lip was most influenced by posterior movement of B-point (β = 0.84) and the cervical point of the mandibular incisor (β = 0.83). Prediction was difficult in the maximum group; no variable showed a significant influence on upper lip changes. The lower lip was highly influenced by posterior movement of the cervical point of the maxillary incisor (β = 0.50), but this correlation was weak in the maximum group. Conclusions: Posterior movement of the cervical point of the anterior teeth is necessary for increased lip retraction. However, periodic evaluation of the lip profile is needed during maximum retraction of the anterior teeth because of limitations in predicting soft tissue responses.
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Yodthong, Nuengrutai, Chairat Charoemratrote, and Chidchanok Leethanakul. "Factors related to alveolar bone thickness during upper incisor retraction." Angle Orthodontist 83, no. 3 (October 8, 2012): 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/062912-534.1.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the factors related to changes in alveolar bone thickness during upper incisor retraction. Materials and Methods: The subjects consisted of 23 ongoing orthodontic patients (mean age 20.4 ± 2.7 years) whose upper incisors were bound for retraction. Changes in alveolar bone thickness in the retracted area were assessed using preretraction (T0) and postretraction (T1) cone-beam computed tomography images. Labial bone thickness (LBT), palatal bone thickness (PBT), and total bone thickness (TBT) were assessed at the crestal, midroot, and apical levels of the retracted incisors. Paired t-tests were used to compare T0 and T1 bone thickness measurements. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship of changes in alveolar bone thickness with the rate of tooth movement, change in inclination, initial alveolar bone thickness, and the extent of intrusion. Results: As the upper incisors were retracted, the LBT at the crestal level and TBT at the apical level significantly increased (P < .005). Changes in alveolar bone thickness were significantly associated with the rate of tooth movement, change in inclination, and extent of intrusion (P < .05) but not initial alveolar bone thickness (P > .05). Conclusion: Rate of tooth movement, change in inclination, and extent of intrusion are significant factors that may influence alveolar bone thickness during upper incisor retraction. These factors must be carefully monitored to avoid the undesirable thickening of alveolar bone.
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Li, F., H. K. Hu, J. W. Chen, Z. P. Liu, G. F. Li, S. S. He, S. J. Zou, and Q. S. Ye. "Comparison of anchorage capacity between implant and headgear during anterior segment retraction." Angle Orthodontist 81, no. 5 (February 7, 2011): 915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/101410-603.1.
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Abstract Objective: To compare the anchorage effects of the implants and the headgear for patients with anterior teeth retraction in terms of incisor retraction, anchorage loss, inclination of maxillary incisors, positional change of maxillary basal bone, and treatment duration. Materials and Methods: An electronic search for relative randomized controlled trials (RCTs) prospective and retrospective controlled trials was done through the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Embase, Medline, and CNKI, regardless of language of study. Study selection, methodological quality assessment, and data extraction were performed by two reviewers independently. Meta-analysis was performed when possible; otherwise descriptive assessment was done. Results: The search yielded 35 articles, of which eight met the inclusion criteria and were categorized into five groups according to types of intervention. For the midpalatal implant, the anchorage loss was much less than for the headgear group, with insignificant differences in terms of anterior teeth retraction, maxillary incisor inclination, positional change of basal bone, and treatment duration. For the mini-implant, greater anterior teeth retraction and less anchorage loss were demonstrated, with inconsistent results for the other measures. For the onplant, less anchorage loss was noted, with insignificant differences for the other measures. Conclusions: The skeletal anchorage of the midpalatal implant, mini-implant, and onplant offer better alternatives to headgear, with less anchorage loss and more anterior teeth retraction. There were inconsistent results from the included studies in terms of maxillary incisor inclination, positional change of maxillary basal bone, and treatment duration. More qualified RCTs are required to provide clear recommendations.
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Hodgkinson, Danielle, Fiona A. Firth, and Mauro Farella. "Effect of incisor retraction on facial aesthetics." Journal of Orthodontics 46, no. 1_suppl (April 3, 2019): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465312519840031.
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Incisor retraction may result in lip retraction, interlabial gap closure and increase of the nasolabial angle but a clear consensus on the effect of incisor retraction on facial aesthetics has not yet been achieved. Despite current evidence being weak, it seems to indicate that in a well-managed orthodontic case, with or without extractions, the soft-tissue and facial aesthetic changes are generally favourable or clinically insignificant.
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Lim, You Na, Byoung-Eun Yang, Soo-Hwan Byun, Sang-Min Yi, Sung-Woon On, and In-Young Park. "Three-Dimensional Digital Image Analysis of Skeletal and Soft Tissue Points A and B after Orthodontic Treatment with Premolar Extraction in Bimaxillary Protrusive Patients." Biology 11, no. 3 (February 27, 2022): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11030381.
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Aim. To investigate the effect of changes in incisor tip, apex movement, and inclination on skeletal points A and B and characterize changes in skeletal points A and B to the soft tissue points A and B after incisor retraction in Angle Class I bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion. Methods. Twenty-two patients with Angle Class I bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion treated with four first premolar extractions were included in this study. The displacement of skeletal and soft tissue points A and B was measured using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) using a three-dimensional coordinate system. The movement of the upper and lower incisors was also measured using CBCT-synthesized lateral cephalograms. Results. Changes in the incisal tip, apex, and inclination after retraction did not significantly affect the position of points A and B in any direction (x, y, z). Linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between skeletal point A and soft tissue point A on the anteroposterior axis (z). Skeletal point A moved forward by 0.07 mm, and soft tissue point A moved forward by 0.38 mm, establishing a ratio of 0.18: 1 (r = 0.554, p < 0.01). Conclusion. The positional complexion of the skeletal points A and B was not directly influenced by changes in the incisor tip, apex, and inclination. Although the results suggest that soft tissue point A follows the anteroposterior position of skeletal point A, its clinical significance is suspected. Thus, hard and soft tissue analysis should be considered in treatment planning.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Incisor retraction"
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D'ornellas, Mauro Cordeiro. "AVALIAÇÃO DE FORÇAS LIBERADAS POR ALÇAS EM FORMA DE GOTA UTILIZADAS EM MECÂNICA ORTODÔNTICA PARA FECHAMENTO DE ESPAÇOS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6057.
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The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of height, crosssection and metal alloy in the mechanical act of teardrop loops used in incisors
retraction and in en masse retraction of incisors and canines, aiming analyze the mechanical behavior of these loops in relation to optimum forces presented in the
literature. Two hundred and forty loops were submitted to a tensile load on the testing machine considered heights of 6mm, 8mm and 10mm; cross-sections of 0.018in.x
0.025in and 0.019in.x 0.025in and wire materials of stainless steel and beta-titanium alloys. It was obtained magnitudes of horizontal force (N) and load-deflection (N/mm) for each loop across activations of 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm and 2.5mm. The results showed that height (p<0.01), cross-section and metal alloy (p<0.05) were
considered significant factors with reference to horizontal force and load-deflection. There was no influence of one factor but a combination of these trying to achieve very light forces. This study suggest that is necessary a large orthodontic biomechanics knowledge with respect to loops design used in incisors retraction and
in en masse retraction of incisors and canines, selecting adequate height, crosssection and metal alloy.O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar os efeitos da altura, secção transversal e tipo de liga no desempenho mecânico de alças confeccionadas em forma de gota, indicadas para a retração de incisivos e para a retração em massa de incisivos e caninos, buscando avaliar o comportamento das mesmas em relação às magnitudes de força ótima existentes na literatura. Foram submetidas a um ensaio mecânico 240 alças, considerando as alturas de 6mm, 8mm e 10mm; as seções transversais de 0.018 x 0.025 e de 0.019 x 0.025 e as ligas de aço inoxidável e beta-titânio (TMA). Foram obtidos valores de força horizontal (N) e carga-deflexão (N/mm) para cada alça mediante ativações de 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm e 2.5mm. Os resultados mostraram que a altura (p<0.01), a secção transversal e a liga (p<0.05) foram consideradas fatores significativos na força horizontal e cargadeflexão gerada. Não houve influência de um fator sobre os demais, mas sim, uma combinação destes, buscando atingir forças muito leves. Este estudo sugere que é necessário amplo conhecimento da biomecânica ortodôntica na confecção de alças direcionadas para a retração dos dentes anteriores, selecionando adequadamente a altura, a secção transversal e a liga.
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Talass, M. Faysal. "Soft tissue profile changes due to retraction of maxillary incisors." 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/24394.
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GraceChen and 陳郁蓁. "Low-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Suppresses Skin/Muscle Incision and Retraction-induced Postoperative Pain in Rats." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7rj3n8.
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碩士國立成功大學
物理治療學系
104
Background and Purpose: Persistent postoperative pain is a common problem after the skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) procedure. The SMIR model has been introduced to develop pain hypersensitivity from the saphenous nerve (SPN) injury leading to allodynia and hyperalgesia. Moreover, the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a common clinical treatment that reduces neuropathic pain, and the applications of high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) TENS provide two theories of mechanisms. Previous studies have shown LF is less effective than HF in post-surgical pain and other models. However, its underlying mechanism suggests whether LF TENS is reliable for pain relief from the SMIR surgery remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the effects of LF TENS suppressing SMIR-induced postoperative pain in rats. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) group (1 week), skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) group (4 weeks), sham operation group, SMIR with LF TENS (SMIR+LF TENS) group (1 week), and SMIR with LF TENS (1 week) plus extensive behavior testing (SMIR+LF TENS) group. von Frey filaments and Hargreaves plantar apparatus were used to assess the symptoms of neuropathic pain. The SMIR+LF TENS groups received the TENS treatment set at 2 Hz and pulse width of 100 μs with a duration of 20 minutes per day (one time) and 5 days per week for one week. The rats received their last treatments on POD 7 since the SMIR surgery. Results: The SMIR-operated rats displayed short-term mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia on the ipsilateral hind paw on POD 3 for one week, but long-lasting hyperalgesia persisted for four weeks after surgery (p〈0.05). Tactile allodynia in the SMIR group was significantly increased than the sham group on both sides; whereas, thermal hyperalgesia occurred more on the contralateral side (p〈0.05). During the 24-hour LF TENS treatment course, its therapeutic effect maintained shortly for about 4 hrs on POD 3 but did not persist for 24 hrs after treatment. The withdrawal responses of the SMIR+LF TENS group significantly decreased yet immediate effects of allodynia recovered at different time points (p〈0.05). After the week-long LF TENS period, mechanical hypersensitivity recovered immediately on the following week. Furthermore, the SMIR+LF TENS group reduced tactile allodynia on both sides when compared to the SMIR group (p〈0.05). No significant changes of thermal hyperalgesia were exhibited among the three groups on the ipsilateral side, but the LF TENS treatment improved on the contralateral side comparing to the SMIR group (p〈0.05). Conclusions: The SMIR surgery exhibited pain hypersensitivities during the week-long course, but short-term allodynia and long-term hyperalgesia were experienced during the month-long course. LF TENS suppressed the progression of mechanical allodynia evoked by the SMIR surgery. Future implications are to analyze more about the LF TENS-analgesic effect for the long-term phase and employ this treatment strategy to alleviate the symptoms of persistent post-surgical pain.
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Min-FeiLin and 林旻霏. "Effect of Exercise Training and Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation on Persistent Postoperative Pain Caused by Skin/Muscle Incision and Retraction in Rats." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94208221388445848826.
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碩士國立成功大學
物理治療研究所
100
Background and Purpose: Postoperative pain is a common problem for those who had underwent surgical procedures. After tissue was damaged, level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ie. interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and the substance P (SP), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor 1 (NR1) in spinal cord would be increased and lead to hyperalgesia and allodynia. In this study, we select a rat model of persistent postoperative pain evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR), similar to a clinical procedure. Previous studies have shown that exercise and transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) which capable of reversing signs of sensory hypersensitivity. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of exercise and TENS on postoperative pain and its underlying mechanism. Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: sham-operated group, SMIR rats without exercise training group, SMIR rats with exercise training group and SMIR rats with TENS group. The trained rats were trained to run on a forced treadmill at 18m/min, 60 min/day, 5 day/week for 4 weeks. The TENS were set at 100 Hz and 100μs, 20 min/day, 5 day/week for 4 weeks. Von Frey filaments and plantar test were used to evaluate the symptoms of postoperative pain. Twenty-four hours after the last exercise and TENS sessions, L4-L6 dorasl root ganglion (DRG) and spinal cord are collected for analysis. NR1 and SP expressions were determined by western blot and the levels of cytokines were detected by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: There were significant improvements in tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in SMIR rats with exercise training and TENS. Moreover, TENS group performed better benefits than exercise group. Expression of NR1, SP, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion were suppressed after 4 weeks of exercise and TENS, and much more significance was observed in TENS group. However, the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were under detective in sciatic and peripheral nerves. Conclusion: These results indicate that exercise training and TENS can reverse the symptoms of postoperative pain in SMIR-operated rats and are probably through decreasing of NR1, SP, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in nerves.
Book chapters on the topic "Incisor retraction"
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Cousley, Richard R. J. "Incisor Retraction." In The Orthodontic Mini-Implant Clinical Handbook, 45–61. Chichester, West Sussex UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118782965.ch6.
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Yudin, Andrey. "Umbilical Retraction Sign or Rigler Incisura." In Metaphorical Signs in Computed Tomography of Chest and Abdomen, 37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04013-4_19.
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Hafford, Melanie L., and Daniel J. Scott. "Retraction Systems in Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery and NOTES." In Scar-Less Surgery, 49–70. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-360-6_5.
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Mick, Stephanie, Suresh Keshavamurthy, and Johannes Bonatti. "Current status of minimally invasive, robotic and hybrid coronary artery bypass surgery." In Core Concepts in Cardiac Surgery, 53–72. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198735465.003.0003.
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While coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) remains the gold standard in the treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease, it remains quite invasive. Techniques and evolving technologies of minimally invasive (including hybrid and robotic) approaches to coronary revascularization are reviewed in this chapter with a summary of the available supporting literature. Minimally invasive direct coronary bypass (MIDCAB) surgery uses an anterior, medially placed, mini-thoracotomy incision for both direct-vision left internal mammary (LIMA) harvest and creation of an anastomosis of the LIMA to a coronary artery in off-pump fashion. As in standard CABG, all patients should undergo a complete preoperative work-up, and body mass index and body habitus are to be noted. Obesity is considered a relative contraindication for MIDCAB as it may predispose to wound infection; this concern is primarily due to tissue necrosis caused by pressure on the wound edges by the retractor during LIMA harvest.
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Goldfinger, Eliot. "Four-Legged Animals Skeleton & Superficial Muscles (Side View)." In Animal Anatomy for Artists. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195142143.003.0012.
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Domestic cat characteristics: Rounded skull, short snout. Long whiskers. Large canines, small incisors. Cheek teeth with sharp edges for shearing. Large temporalis and masseter muscles of skull. Eyes shifted slightly forward for binocular vision. Large eyes in domestic cats. Constricted pupil in domestic cats is vertical; round in large cats. Top edge of scapula usually higher than tips of thoracic vertebrae. Small rib cage. Five digits on front limb (thumb reduced); four digits on hind limb—may have very reduced first metatarsal or reduced first digit with claw (dewclaw). Walks on toes. Sharp, curved, retractile claws (which keeps them sharp—they don’t walk on them). Forearm rotates (pronates/supinates). Hairy tail. Very flexible body. Spine (back) straight or arched. Can walk in crouched position, as when stalking prey. Bear characteristics: Large, powerful body; powerful limbs appear relatively short. Rear feet wide. Walks on sole and heel of rear foot and usually on digits of front foot. Five digits per limb with long, curved, nonretractile claws. Front claws longer than rear claws. Large head, small eyes. Small, round, erect, furry ears. Large canines; flat, grinding molars. Short tail. Arched back, high shoulder. Grizzly has most prominent shoulder hump and dished, slightly concave face (in profile). Can have very thick layer of fur. Grizzly and brown bear belong to the same species, but differ in geographical range and size. The giant panda is now considered to be a member of the bear family, not the raccoon family.
Conference papers on the topic "Incisor retraction"
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Cannon, Piper C., Miriam R. Smetak, Robert J. Webster, and Robert F. Labadie. "A Novel Tool for Auricle Retraction During Closure of Post-Auricular Incisions." In 2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1048.
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Abstract Many otologic surgeries, including cochlear implantation and mastoidectomy, require a post-auricular incision for exposure. The auricle must be retracted forward in order to enable an unobstructed view of the surgical field and improve procedural outcomes. Typical methods of securing the ear include tape, a small stitch, or an assistant’s finger, depending on surgeon preference. In this paper, we propose a novel design for a tool that retracts the auricle safely, effectively, and consistently with the appropriate tension for closure of a post-auricular incision. The tool attaches to the helix with a compression fit, and then anchors between the triangular fossa and the helical crus. The tool’s efficacy is demonstrated through a test fit and comparison to standard methods. This anchoring tool enables the surgeon to retract the pinna easily and effectively.
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Galvin, Samson, Rachael Yanalitis, Joshua Winder, Randy Haluck, Paris von Lockette, and Jason Moore. "Selection of Low Friction Material for Novel Single Incision, Free Motion Laparoscopic Surgical System." In 2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1021.
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Abstract Laparoscopic surgery is a common minimally invasive procedure typically used in intestinal surgery. Several small incisions are made to allow specialized instruments to be inserted and operated in an inflated abdomen. There is limited mobility in these procedures and additional training must be completed for surgeons to become proficient. To increase the freedom of motion and reduce the required skill for the surgeon, the novel single incision, free motion (SIFM) laparoscopic surgical system is introduced. This device will allow for free motion of the tools with a single incision inside the body, using electromagnets, hydraulic, and motor actuation. Using a low friction material, an electromagnet on the outside of the skin translates the tool inside the body. Hydraulic and motor actuation allows for further control of the tool under the skin by tilting, extending and retraction. Experimentation was performed to measure the frictional forces of different materials gliding over porcine skin tissue. The results show that of the tested materials, Teflon performed the best with high consistency and low coefficients of friction across a range of pressures. Future work will explore magnetic force and actuation to work with the low friction materials of SIFM.
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Lee, Stan, Alexander Ghanayem, Scott Hodges, Leonard Voronov, Robert Havey, and Avinash Patwardhan. "Biomechanical Comparison of Posterior and Transforaminal Interbody Fusion Constructs for the Degenerative Lumbar Spine." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32633.
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Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is an established technique that allows circumferential fusion of lumbar spine through a single incision. A variation of PLIF called transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) uses a posterior approach to the spine but accesses the disc space via a path that runs through the far lateral portion of the vertebral foramen. TLIF provides the surgeon with a fusion procedure that reduces many of the risks and limitations associated with PLIF. Like PLIF, TLIF is easily enhanced when combined with posterolateral fusion (PLF) and instrumentation. TLIF offers an advantage in that it is usually done via a unilateral approach preserving the facet joint and the interlaminar surface on the contralateral side [1]. It minimizes soft tissue stripping and neural element retraction compared to PLIF, while providing a single-stage circumferential fusion. This study compared the biomechanical performance of these two constructs in flexion, extension, and lateral bending under physiologic compressive preloads.
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Chowdhury, A. M. Masum Bulbul, Jinsai Cheng, Michael J. Cullado, and Tao Shen. "Design and Analysis of a Wire-Driven Multifunctional Robot for Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22471.
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Abstract Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) is a fast-growing method in the field of MIS (Minimally Invasive Surgery) that has the potential to represent the future of laparoscopic surgeries. The major benefits of SILS results from a single incision which makes surgeries essentially scar-less, and it can reduce wound infection substantially as well as recuperation time. Many new researches are now focusing on developing cutting edge technologies to support SILS; however, the practical applications of SILS are constrained by a number of intricacies such as space limitation, absence of dexterous multitasking tools, lack of sufficient actuation force and poor visualization. Deployment and retraction of surgical tools or robots are done manually in the absence of a multitasking tool manipulator which increases the surgery time, risk of injury and surgeon’s fatigue. Our research focuses on designing a novel operative hardware (multitasking manipulator) to facilitate the SILS technique with automatic tool changing capability. A wire driven mechanism has been implemented in the design to minimize the damage to the electronic hardware during sterilization since the electronic actuation and sensing components are located remotely from the end-effector which requires heat or chemical sterilization before surgery. And a wire-driven articulated robotic arm has also been designed to support the manipulator. The details of the robotic design and analysis are conducted in the paper. The feasibility of this robotic method has been demonstrated by experiments.
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Schimmoeller, Tyler, Ki-Hyun Cho, Robb Colbrunn, Tara Nagle, Erica Neumann, and Ahmet Erdemir. "Instrumentation of Surgical Tools To Measure Load and Position During Incision, Tissue Retraction, and Suturing." In 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512332.
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