Journal articles: 'Incidence'

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Ferrie, J. E. "Incidents, incidence and golden eggs." International Journal of Epidemiology 41, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dys054.

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Li, Siguo, Zhao Peng, Yan Zhou, and Jinzhou Zhang. "Time series analysis of foodborne diseases during 2012–2018 in Shenzhen, China." Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety 17, no. 1 (October 22, 2021): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00003-021-01346-w.

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AbstractThe present study aimed to use the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to forecast foodborne disease incidence in Shenzhen city and help guide efforts to prevent foodborne disease. The data of foodborne diseases in Shenzhen comes from the infectious diarrhea surveillance network, community foodborne disease surveillance network, and student foodborne disease surveillance network. The incidence data from January 2012 to December 2017 was used for the model-constructing, while the data from January 2018 to December 2018 was used for the model-validating. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was used to assess the performance of the model. The monthly foodborne disease incidence from January 2012 to December 2017 in Shenzhen was between 954 and 32,863 with an incidence rate between 4.77 and 164.32/100,000 inhabitants. The ARIMA (1,1,0) was an adequate model for the change in monthly foodborne disease incidence series, yielding a MAPE of 5.34%. The mathematical formula of the ARIMA (1,1,0) model was (1 − B) × log(incidencet) = 0.04338 + εt/(1 + 0.51106B). The predicted foodborne disease incidences in the next three years were 635,751, 1,069,993, 1,800,838, respectively. Monthly foodborne disease incidence in Shenzhen were shown to follow the ARIMA (1,1,0) model. This model can be considered adequate for predicting future foodborne disease incidence in Shenzhen and can aid in the decision-making processes.

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Rosansky, Steven J. "ESRD Treatment Incidence Versus ESRD Incidence." American Journal of Kidney Diseases 21, no. 2 (February 1993): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-6386(12)81102-4.

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Becker, Niels G., and Xu Chao. "Dependent HIV incidences in back-projection of AIDS incidence data." Statistics in Medicine 13, no. 19-20 (October 15, 1994): 1945–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780131907.

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Penttila, Tim, and Alessandro Siciliano. "On the incidence maps of incidence structures." Ars Mathematica Contemporanea 20, no. 1 (July 20, 2021): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26493/1855-3974.1996.db7.

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Karzel, Helmut, and Mario Marchi. "Regular incidence permutation sets and incidence quasigroups." Journal of Geometry 63, no. 1-2 (November 1998): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01221242.

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Moses Silumbwe, Evance, and Mubanga Mpundu. "Tax Incidence Analysis in Zambia." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 10 (October 5, 2023): 1738–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/es231023151843.

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Kifle, Meron Mehari, Tsega Tekeste Teklemariam, Adam Mengesteab Teweldeberhan, Eyasu Habte Tesfamariam, Amanuel Kidane Andegiorgish, and Eyob Azaria Kidane. "Malaria Risk Stratification and Modeling the Effect of Rainfall on Malaria Incidence in Eritrea." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2019 (April 1, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7314129.

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Background. Malaria risk stratification is essential to differentiate areas with distinct malaria intensity and seasonality patterns. The development of a simple prediction model to forecast malaria incidence by rainfall offers an opportunity for early detection of malaria epidemics. Objectives. To construct a national malaria stratification map, develop prediction models and forecast monthly malaria incidences based on rainfall data. Methods. Using monthly malaria incidence data from 2012 to 2016, the district level malaria stratification was constructed by nonhierarchical clustering. Cluster validity was examined by the maximum absolute coordinate change and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a conservative post hoc test (Bonferroni) as the multiple comparison test. Autocorrelation and cross-correlation analyses were performed to detect the autocorrelation of malaria incidence and the lagged effect of rainfall on malaria incidence. The effect of rainfall on malaria incidence was assessed using seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) models. Ljung–Box statistics for model diagnosis and stationary R-squared and Normalized Bayesian Information Criteria for model fit were used. Model validity was assessed by analyzing the observed and predicted incidences using the spearman correlation coefficient and paired samples t-test. Results. A four cluster map (high risk, moderate risk, low risk, and very low risk) was the most valid stratification system for the reported malaria incidence in Eritrea. Monthly incidences were influenced by incidence rates in the previous months. Monthly incidence of malaria in the constructed clusters was associated with 1, 2, 3, and 4 lagged months of rainfall. The constructed models had acceptable accuracy as 73.1%, 46.3%, 53.4%, and 50.7% of the variance in malaria transmission were explained by rainfall in the high-risk, moderate-risk, low-risk, and very low-risk clusters, respectively. Conclusion. Change in rainfall patterns affect malaria incidence in Eritrea. Using routine malaria case reports and rainfall data, malaria incidences can be forecasted with acceptable accuracy. Further research should consider a village or health facility level modeling of malaria incidence by including other climatic factors like temperature and relative humidity.

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Světnicka, Gabriela, and Darja Jarošová. "Incidence of infusion phlebitis in children." Pediatrie pro praxi 23, no. 5 (October 11, 2022): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/ped.2022.064.

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Ende-Verhaar, Yvonne M., Suzanne C. Cannegieter, Anton Vonk Noordegraaf, Marion Delcroix, Piotr Pruszczyk, Albert T. A. Mairuhu, Menno V. Huisman, and Frederikus A. Klok. "Incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after acute pulmonary embolism: a contemporary view of the published literature." European Respiratory Journal 49, no. 2 (February 2017): 1601792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01792-2016.

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The incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) after pulmonary embolism (PE) is relevant for management decisions but is currently unknown.We performed a meta-analysis of studies including consecutive PE patients followed for CTEPH. Study cohorts were predefined as “all comers”, “survivors” or “survivors without major comorbidities”. CTEPH incidences were calculated using random effects models.We selected 16 studies totalling 4047 PE patients who were mostly followed up for >2-years. In 1186 all comers (two studies), the pooled CTEPH incidence was 0.56% (95% CI 0.1–1.0). In 999 survivors (four studies) CTEPH incidence was 3.2% (95% CI 2.0–4.4). In 1775 survivors without major comorbidities (nine studies), CTEPH incidence was 2.8% (95% CI 1.5–4.1). Both recurrent venous thromboembolism and unprovoked PE were significantly associated with a higher risk of CTEPH, with odds ratios of 3.2 (95% CI 1.7–5.9) and 4.1 (95% CI 2.1–8.2) respectively. The pooled CTEPH incidence in 12 studies that did not use right heart catheterisation as the diagnostic standard was 6.3% (95% CI 4.1–8.4).The 0.56% incidence in the all-comer group probably provides the best reflection of the incidence of CTEPH after PE on the population level. The ∼3% incidences in the survivor categories may be more relevant for daily clinical practice. Studies that assessed CTEPH diagnosis by tests other than right heart catheterisation provide overestimated CTEPH incidences.

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Sedgwick, P. "Incidence rates." BMJ 344, mar07 1 (March 7, 2012): e1589-e1589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e1589.

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Diebo, Bassel G., Virginie Lafage, and Frank Schwab. "Pelvic Incidence." SPINE 41 (April 2016): S21—S22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/brs.0000000000001430.

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Tom Conley. "Border Incidence." symploke 15, no. 1-2 (2008): 100–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sym.0.0007.

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Cox, James C., Mark Rider, and Astha Sen. "Tax Incidence." Public Finance Review 46, no. 6 (April 11, 2017): 899–925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091142117700720.

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According to economic theory, the incidence of a unit tax is independent of the statutory assignment of the liability to pay the tax. However, the theory is silent on the possible effects of market institutions on tax incidence. We report data from an experiment designed to address two questions. Is tax incidence independent of the assignment of the liability to pay tax to sellers or to buyers? Is tax incidence independent of market institutions? We conduct laboratory experiments with double auction (DA) and posted offer (PO) markets. Based on the results of nonparametric and parametric tests of prices generated by laboratory markets, we conclude that the answer to both questions is “no.” We report that observed differences from liability-side equivalence are statistically significant and economically meaningful. We also report that the incidence of the same tax differs between DA and PO markets with the same demand and supply schedules.

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Mainland, T. "FeLV incidence." Veterinary Record 134, no. 7 (February 12, 1994): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.134.7.176-b.

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16

Zanella, Corrado, and Dottorato di Ricerca. "Incidence manifolds." Journal of Geometry 37, no. 1-2 (April 1990): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01230372.

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17

BARLET, D., and M. KADDAR. "INCIDENCE DIVISOR." International Journal of Mathematics 14, no. 04 (June 2003): 339–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x03001867.

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Let Z be a complex manifold of dimension n+1 and (Xs)s∈S be an analytic family of n-cycles (not necessarily compact) parametrized by a reduced analytic complex space S. Denote by X the graph of this family and p1 (resp. p2) the canonical projection of S × Z on S (resp. on Z). The construction of Barlet-Magnusson assigns to each n+1-codimensionnal subspace in Z which is assumed to be a local complete intersection and to satisfy: C1[Formula: see text] is proper and finite on its image which is nowhere dense in S, an effective Cartier divisor ΣY in S. Nice functorial properties of this correspondance are proven. The purpose of this article is to generalize this result in several directions: using the relative fundamental class of the family (Xs)s∈S in Deligne cohomology, we prove the following results: (1) ΣY depends only on the cycle underlying the locally complete intersection ideal defining Y in Z (2) we generalize the construction of the incidence divisor which is Cartier and effective for any cycle Y (no nilpotent structure on Y is needed) satifying the weaker condition C2[Formula: see text] is proper and generically finite on its image which is nowhere dense in S and we extend the nice functorial properties to this case.

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Szczesny, Matt. "Incidence categories." Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 215, no. 4 (April 2011): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpaa.2010.04.020.

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Loyola, E. G., M. H. Rodriguez, L. Gonzales-Ceron, and M. A. Vaca-Marin. "Malaria incidence." Parasitology Today 6, no. 2 (February 1990): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-4758(90)90066-d.

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Hoffman, J. I. E. "Incidence of congenital heart disease: II. Prenatal incidence." Pediatric Cardiology 16, no. 4 (July 1995): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00794186.

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Hoffman, J. I. E. "Incidence of congenital heart disease: I. Postnatal incidence." Pediatric Cardiology 16, no. 3 (1995): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00801907.

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Asaad, R., and M. P. Diamond. "16: Adenomyosis: Incidence, Co-incidence, and Risk Factors." Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 14, no. 6 (November 2007): S7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2007.08.017.

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Ather, Mohammed, P. Modini, M. Subrahmanyam, and Samra Wahaj Fatima. "Increase in incidence of lymphoma or co-incidence." International Journal of Otolaryngology Research 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 08–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/26646455.2019.v1.i1a.3.

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Feng, Pei-Jean I., Alexander J. Kallen, Katherine Ellingson, Robert Muder, Rajiv Jain, and John A. Jernigan. "Clinical Incidence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Colonization or Infection as a Proxy Measure for MRSA Transmission in Acute Care Hospitals." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 32, no. 1 (January 2011): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/657668.

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Background.The incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization or infection has been used as a proxy measure for MRSA transmission, but incidence calculations vary depending on whether active surveillance culture (ASC) data are included.Objective.To evaluate the relationship between incidences of MRSA colonization or infection calculated with and without ASCs in intensive care units and non-intensive care units.Setting.A Veterans Affairs medical center.Methods.From microbiology records, incidences of MRSA colonization or infection were calculated with and without ASC data. Correlation coefficients were calculated for the 2 measures, and Poisson regression was used to model temporal trends. A Poisson interaction model was used to test for differences in incidence trends modeled with and without ASCs.Results.The incidence of MRSA colonization or infection calculated with ASCs was 4.9 times higher than that calculated without ASCs. Correlation coefficients for incidences with and without ASCs were 0.42 for intensive care units, 0.59 for non-intensive care units, and 0.48 hospital-wide. Trends over time for the hospital were similar with and without ASCs (incidence rate ratio with ASCs, 0.95 [95% confidence interval, 0.93-0.97]; incidence rate ratio without ASCs, 0.95 [95% confidence interval, 0.92-0.99]; P = .68). Without ASCs, 35% of prevalent cases were falsely classified as incident.Conclusions.At 1 Veterans Affairs medical center, the incidence of MRSA colonization or infection calculated solely on the basis of clinical culture results commonly misclassified incident cases and underestimated incidence, compared with measures that included ASCs; however, temporal changes were similar. These findings suggest that incidence measured without ASCs may not accurately reflect the magnitude of MRSA transmission but may be useful for monitoring transmission trends over time, a crucial element for evaluating the impact of prevention activities.

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Dong, Gui Xiang, and Xiu Fang Liu. "Incidence Coloring Number of Some Join Graphs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 3185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.3185.

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The incidence coloring of a graph is a mapping from its incidence set to color set in which neighborly incidences are assigned different colors. In this paper, we determined the incidence coloring numbers of some join graphs with paths and paths, cycles, complete graphs, complete bipartite graphs, respectively, and the incidence coloring numbers of some join graphs with complete bipartite graphs and cycles, complete graphs, respectively.

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Campos, Daniela Mascarenhas de Paula, Luana Vieira Toledo, Selme Silqueira de Matos, Carla Lucia Goulart Constant Alcoforado, and Flávia Falci Ercole. "Incidence and risk factors for incidents in intensive care patients." Rev Rene 23 (June 3, 2022): e72426. http://dx.doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20222372426.

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Objective: to estimate the incidence and identify the risk factors for incidents in patients of an intensive care center. Methods: this is a longitudinal, prospective, analytical, and exploratory study with 173 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. The incidents were categorized as clinical process/procedure, care associated infections, behavior, documentation, medication/intravenous fluids, nutrition, blood products, accidents, and medical equipment. Results: the incidence density was 134.45 incidents per 1,000 patient-days, highlighting the main categories: clinical process/procedure (71.5%) and care-related infections (15.3%). Length of stay in the intensive care unit (Risk ratio: 1.03; Confidence interval: 1.01-1.05; p=0.000) and use of central venous catheter (Risk ratio 1.02; Confidence interval: 1.00-1.04; p=0.040) were identified as risk factors. Conclusion: there was a high occurrence of incidents in the intensive care unit, especially in patients with longer hospital stay and use of central venous catheters. Contributions to practice: identifying incidents and associated risk factors will allow managers and professionals to recognize patients at higher risk and implement measures to ensure systematic and quality care to minimize the occurrence of adverse events in the institution.

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MICHELUCCI, DOMINIQUE, and PASCAL SCHRECK. "INCIDENCE CONSTRAINTS: A COMBINATORIAL APPROACH." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 16, no. 05n06 (December 2006): 443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195906002130.

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The simplest geometric constraints are incidences between points and lines in the projective plane. This problem is universal, in the sense that all algebraic systems reduce to such geometric constraints. Detecting incidence dependences between these geometric constraints is NP-complete. New methods to prove incidence theorems are proposed, which use strictly no computer algebra but only combinatorial arguments.

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Pollock, Julia E., Spencer S. Liu, Joseph M. Neal, and Carol A. Stephenson. "Dilution of Spinal Lidocaine Does Not Alter the Incidence of Transient Neurologic Symptoms." Anesthesiology 90, no. 2 (February 1, 1999): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199902000-00019.

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Background Although it has been suggested that the dilution of 5% hyperbaric lidocaine before injection for spinal anesthesia may decrease the incidence of transient neurologic symptoms, previous studies have not noted a decreased incidence between 5% and 2% lidocaine. The aim of the current study was to determine whether the incidence of transient neurologic symptoms could be altered by further diluting spinal lidocaine from 2.0% to 0.5%. Methods One hundred nine patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 or 2 undergoing outpatient knee arthroscopy were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive 50 mg hyperbaric spinal lidocaine as a 2.0%, 1.0%, or 0.5% concentration. On the third postoperative day, patients were contacted by a blinded investigator and questioned regarding the incidence of postoperative complications, including transient neurologic symptoms, defined as pain or dysthesia in one or both buttocks or legs occurring within 24 h of surgery. Results The incidence of transient neurologic symptoms did not differ among patients receiving 2.0% (incidence of 15.8%), 1.0% (incidence of 22.2%), and 0.5% (incidence of 17.1%) lidocaine (P = 0.756). Conclusions For ambulatory patients undergoing arthroscopy, the incidence of transient neurologic symptoms is not reduced by decreasing spinal lidocaine concentrations from 2.0% to 1.0% or 0.5%. The incidences of transient neurologic symptoms with the 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% solutions are similar to previously reported incidences for 5.0% lidocaine, suggesting that dilution of lidocaine from 5.0% to 0.5% does not change the incidence of these symptoms.

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Schouten, L. J., J. M. de Rijke, J. A. M. Huveneers, and A. L. M. Verbeek. "Rising incidence of breast cancer after completion of the first prevalent round of the breast cancer screening programme." Journal of Medical Screening 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jms.9.3.120.

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OBJECTIVES: After completion of the prevalent screening round of the breast cancer screening programme in Limburg, The Netherlands, incidences started rising once again. This increase was contrary to expectations, which had predicted a slightly higher, but stable, incidence after the first screening round. The trends in incidence were studied to find explanations for the observed rise in incidence. SETTING: Breast cancer screening programme in mid-Limburg and southern Limburg, the Netherlands. METHODS: The data files of the breast cancer screening programme and the Maastricht cancer registry were linked to evaluate the effect of breast cancer screening. Only the first primary breast tumour was included in the evaluation. RESULTS: The second peak of incidence after the prevalent screening round was 45% higher than the incidences before the start of the screening. Also, the decrease in incidence of large and node positive tumours was interrupted. Compared with national detection rates, the number of screen detected cancers was lower before 1995 and higher after that year. After 1997, incidence decreased again of all breast cancers, but also of large and node positive tumours. The incidence of node positive tumours showed large fluctuations, probably due to the introduction of the sentinel node procedure and immunohistochemistry. In 1999, incidence of large tumours and node positive tumours was 18% and 28%, respectively, lower than before the start of the screening. CONCLUSIONS: An increase in the background incidences and improved detection in the screening programme most likely explain this trend. The improved detection after 1995, and the lower than desirable decrease in large tumours, indicate that the screening performance was not optimal before 1996. The incidence of node positive tumours cannot be used any more as an indicator of the success of the screening programme because of detection bias.

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Miro, Emily W., Eliza Taylor, Andrew Curtin, Michael G. Newman, Dominik Ose, and Jordan Knox. "Cumulative Incidence of All-Cause Knee Injury, Concussion, and Stress Fracture among Transgender Patients on Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy: An Exploratory Retrospective Cohort Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 22 (November 13, 2023): 7060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20227060.

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Previous research has shown a discrepancy in incidences of knee injuries, stress fractures, and concussions between cisgender men and women. Little is known regarding the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries among patients on gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). This retrospective cohort study examines cumulative incidence of knee injuries, concussions, and stress fracture injuries among transgender patients on GAHT at one health system from 2011–2020. Using relevant ICD-9 and 10 codes, incidences of knee injury, concussion, and stress fracture were calculated. Cohorts included 1971 transgender and 3964 cisgender patients. Transgender patients had significantly higher incidence of all-cause knee injuries over the study period, 109 (5.5%) versus 175 (4.4%) (p < 0.001; OR: 2.14, 95% CI [1.17–3.92]). Subgroup analysis showed significantly higher incidence of knee injuries among cisgender men (5.6%) versus cisgender women (4.1%) (p = 0.042) and among transgender women (6.6%) versus cisgender women (4.1%) (p = 0.005). There were no significant differences between incidences of concussion and stress fracture between groups. This sample showed that patients on GAHT had increased cumulative incidences of all-cause knee injury compared to controls but similar cumulative incidences of concussion and bone-stress injuries. Transgender women on exogenous estrogen had significantly higher cumulative incidences of all-cause knee injuries compared to cisgender women.

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Thounaojam, Kalpana, Renuca Karam, and Gurumayum Tarunkumar Sharma. "Incidence of supratrochlear foramen of humerus." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 9, no. 9 (January 30, 2021): 7865–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2020.247.

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Introduction: The supratrochlear foramen of humerus is a small hole located above the trochlea of humerus. The supratrochlear foramen was first described by Meckel in 1825. The knowledge of the presence of supratrochlear foramen in the humerus is important for preoperative planning and management of supracondylar fractures and the interpretation of the abnormalities in the radiographs. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. 60 dry humerus were studied. The parameters of the humerus. Supratrochlear foramen were measured with digital vernier caliper The supratrochlear foramen observed were photographed. Result and conclusion: The supratrochlear foramen was observed in 5 humerus. The supratrochlear foramen so observed were all on the left side. The incidence of supratrochlear foramen according to our present study is 8.33%. Two of the supratrochlear foramen observed were circular in shape . Another two were oval in shape .The fifth one was a slit. The present study may help the researchers in comparing the incidences of supratrochlear foramen of humerus. KEY WORDS: Humerus, Supratrochlear foramen of humerus.

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Garrepalli, Saritha. "Global Patterns of Lung Cancer Incidence." Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics 2, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2640-1053/027.

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Introduction It is well known that smoking is injurious to health which causes lung cancer. Although not all smokers develop lung cancer, fraction of lifelong non-smokers will die from lung cancer. Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer related death in developed countries with extremely poor overall survival rate. In present study we set out epidemiological pattern with clinical profile of lung cancer patients in northern india population. Aim:We evaluate the effect of smoking with age distribution on histopathology in lung cancer patients. Material & Methods: We enrolled 218 patients after confirmation of histopathology and also collected demographic data. Results: Out of 218 patients of lung cancer, having median age of 56 years, we found 149 (68.3%) were smokers and 69 (31.6%) were nonsmokers. In histopathology 54.1% patients had squamous cell carcinoma, 29.2% adenocarcinoma, 12.4% Mixed cell, 3.7% Small cell. We also found 63.1% smoker to have squamous cell carcinoma and 50.7% non-smoker have adenocarcinoma.In our study middle age group patients were more frequent in smoking group. While higher age group patients has squamous cell and middle group have adenocarcinoma. Therefore patients group with high smoking are found to develop have more risk to develop small cell carcinoma rather than in case of non-smoker higher age groups have sqamous cell carcinoma type. Conclusion: In this study we found middle age group subjects of smoker having more squamous cell and nonsmoker having adenocarcinoma.

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Kundu, Banani, Ishita Ghosh, Pranab Mukherjee, and Alpana DE. "INCIDENCE OF METOPISM IN EASTERN INDIA." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 5, no. 2.1 (April 30, 2017): 3727–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.158.

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Gallastegui, Nicolas, Jenny Y. Zhou, Annette von Drygalski, Richard F. W. Barnes, Timothy M. Fernandes, and Timothy A. Morris. "Pulmonary Embolism Does Not Have an Unusually High Incidence Among Hospitalized COVID19 Patients." Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 27 (January 1, 2021): 107602962199647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029621996471.

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Introduction: Acute respiratory illnesses from COVID19 infection are increasing globally. Reports from earlier in the pandemic suggested that patients hospitalized for COVID19 are at particularly high risk for pulmonary embolism (PE). To estimate the incidences of PE during hospitalization for COVID19, we performed a rigorous systematic review of published literature. Methods: We searched for case series, cohort studies and clinical trials from December 1, 2019 to July 13, 2020 that reported the incidence of PE among consecutive patients who were hospitalized for COVID19 in ICUs and in non-ICU hospital wards. To reflect the general population of hospitalized COVID19 patients, we excluded studies in which subject enrollment was linked to the clinical suspicion for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Results: Fifty-seven studies were included in the analysis. The combined random effects estimate of PE incidence among all hospitalized COVID19 patients was 7.1% (95% CI: 5.2%, 9.1%). Studies with larger sample sizes reported significantly lower PE incidences than smaller studies (r2 = 0.161, p = 0.036). The PE incidence among studies that included 400 or more patients was 3.0% (95% CI: 1.7%, 4.6%). Among COVID19 patients admitted to ICUs, the combined estimated PE incidence was 13.7% (95% CI: 8.0%, 20.6%). The incidence of ICU-related PE also decreased as the study sample sizes increased. The single largest COVID19 ICU study (n = 2215) disclosed a PE incidence of 2.3% (95% CI: 1.7%, 3.0%). Conclusion: PE incidences among hospitalized COVID19 patients are much lower than has been previously postulated based on smaller, often biased study reports. The incidence of “microthrombosis,” leading to occlusion of microscopic blood vessels, remains unknown.

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Danufsky, Tamar, and Mark A. Colwell. "Winter Shorebird Communities and Tidal Flat Characteristics at Humboldt Bay, California." Condor 105, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/105.1.117.

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Abstract We examined winter (November–January) shorebird use at 19 sites around Humboldt Bay, California, an important site for nonbreeding shorebirds. We analyzed species richness (number of species), species densities, and incidences (presence/absence) in relation to habitat characteristics (tidal flat width, channelization, standing water, timing of tidal ebb, and sediment particle size). We included site area in analyses of incidence, and site area and substrate heterogeneity in the species richness analysis. We observed a total of 19 species, 8–16 at individual sites, and this variation correlated with substrate heterogeneity. Substrate particle size correlated positively with Sanderling (Calidris alba) incidence and negatively with American Avocet (Recurvirostra americana) incidence. Amount of standing water correlated positively with Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus) and negatively with dowitcher (Limnodromus griseus and L. scolopaceus) incidence. Width of tidal flat correlated negatively with Whimbrel incidence. Sites at which tides ebbed earliest had higher incidences of Whimbrel and Sanderling and higher densities of Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus), but lower yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca and T. flavipes) densities. The amount of channelization correlated positively with curlew densities. These habitat relationships suggest that alteration of tidal flats at Humboldt Bay and elsewhere in coastal habitats has the potential to adversely affect patterns of shorebird distribution. Comunidades Invernales de Aves Playeras y Características del Plano Mareal en Humboldt Bay, California Resumen. Examinamos el uso invernal (noviembre–enero) de 19 sitios alrededor de Humboldt Bay, California, por parte de aves playeras. Ésta es un área importante para aves playeras no reproductivas. Analizamos la riqueza (número), densidad e incidencia (presencia/ausencia) de especies con relación a características del hábitat (ancho del plano mareal, canalización, agua estancada, momento de la disminución de la marea y tamaño de partículas del sedimento). Incluimos el área del sitio en los análisis de incidencia y el área del sitio y la heterogeneidad del sustrato en los análisis de riqueza de especies. Observamos un total de 19 especies (8–16 en sitios individuales), y esta variación se correlacionó con la heterogeneidad del sustrato. El tamaño de las partículas del sustrato se correlacionó positivamente con la incidencia de Calidris alba y negativamente con la de Recurvirostra americana. La cantidad de agua estancada se correlacionó positivamente con la incidencia de Numenius phaeopus y negativamente con la de Limnodromus griseus y L. scolopaceus. El ancho del plano mareal se correlacionó negativamente con la incidencia de N. phaeopus. Los sitios en que las mareas menguaron más temprano presentaron mayores incidencias de N. phaeopus y C. alba, y mayores densidades de Numenius americanus, pero menores densidades de Tringa melanoleuca y T. flavipes. El grado de canalización se correlacionó positivamente con las densidades de N. americanus. Estas relaciones de hábitat sugieren que la alteración de planos mareales en Humboldt Bay y en otros hábitats costeros potencialmente puede afectar adversamente los patrones de distribución de las aves playeras.

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Lewis, M. S. "Age Incidence and Schizophrenia: Part II. Beyond Age Incidence." Schizophrenia Bulletin 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/15.1.75.

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Bogren, Mats, Cecilia Mattisson, Vibeke Horstmann, Dinesh Bhugra, Povl Munk-Jørgensen, and Per Nettelbladt. "Lundby Revisited: First Incidence of Mental Disorders 1947–1997." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 41, no. 2 (February 2007): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670601109964.

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Objective: To investigate how first incidence of various mental disorders changed between the periods of 1947–1972 to 1972–1997 in the Lundby cohort. Method: First-incidence rates of mental disorders were calculated for two 25 year periods and ten 5 year periods. Results: From 1947–1972 to 1972–1997 a decrease in almost all age- and sex-specific incidences of neurotic and organic brain disorders was observed, whereas incidence rates of psychotic disorders increased consistently in male subjects but decreased in most age intervals in female subjects. For both sexes the age-standardized 5 year period incidences of neurotic disorders decreased after 1972, fluctuated for psychotic disorders 1947–1997 and decreased steadily for organic disorders 1947–1997. Conclusions: The reduction in neurotic and organic brain disorder incidences may be linked to structural changes in society and medical advances.

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38

Hong, Jin, Xiaosong Chen, Jiahui Huang, Chunqing Li, Li Zhong, Leying Chen, Jiayi Wu, et al. "Danggui Buxue Decoction, a Classical Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fails to Prevent Myelosuppression in Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Prospective Study." Integrative Cancer Therapies 16, no. 3 (November 10, 2016): 406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534735416675952.

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Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD), a classical formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has an impact on promoting hematopoiesis. The aim of our study was to determine whether DBD can prevent myelosuppression in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. We conducted a phase II randomized prospective controlled clinical study. From December 2013 to February 2015, 106 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1) to the TCM group and control group. The primary end point was incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia. The secondary end points included incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia in each cycle, incidence of anemia, and incidence of thrombopenia during 4 cycles. Seventeen patients withdrew from this study, and 89 patients were included in the final analysis. Incidences of grade 3-4 neutropenia during 4 cycles were 57.1% in the TCM group and 59.6% in the control group, and there was no significant difference ( P = .816). Similarly, no significant differences were observed between the 2 groups for incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia in each cycle. While incidences of anemia were 54.8% and 66.6% for the TCM group and control group, respectively ( P = .280), incidences of thrombopenia were 11.9% for the TCM group and 4.3% for the control group ( P = .248). No significant differences were observed for the incidence of other nonhematological toxicities between the 2 groups. DBD failed to prevent myelosuppression in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Further studies are warranted to validate the efficacy of DBD in selected patients.

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Frohlich, Arnold M., and Garnette R. Sutherland. "Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Vestibular Schwannoma in Manitoba, Canada." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 20, no. 2 (May 1993): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100047685.

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ABSTRACT:The incidence of vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma) in Manitoba, Canada was reviewed. From 1987 through 1991, 71 tumors were diagnosed in 69 patients. The overall annual incidence rate for both sexes was 1.27/100,000 with male and female annual incidences of 1.31/100,000 and 1.24/100,000 respectively. For males, there was an early peak in the age group 30 - 39 years (2.1/100,000). Following the fifth decade, the incidence for males plateaued (2.7 - 3.6/100,000). For females, the incidence increased with age up to age 60 - 69 years (4.1/100,000). This was followed by a progressive decline in the incidence. Although the incidence of vestibular schwannoma was relatively high, the clinical features were not unlike those previously reported in the literature.

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40

Shetty, Priya B., Philip J. Lupo, and Michael E. Scheurer. "Abstract 5223: Pediatric cancer incidence among racial/ethnic groups living in rural/urban areas of the United States." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 5223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5223.

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Abstract Background: The impact of urban/rural residence on pediatric cancer incidence has not been well studied. Additionally, the impact of race/ethnicity on pediatric cancer incidence by urban/rural status has not been evaluated, which could inform our understanding of the roles of shared genetic and environmental causes of these malignancies. Methods: Using SEER18, we calculated pediatric cancer incidences for individuals diagnosed 2000-2018 by residence (urban/rural). Next we calculated incidence rate ratios (IRR) to evaluate the role of race/ethnicity on incidence stratified by urban vs. rural status. Results: See Table. Overall, most incidences were similar by residence, i.e., lower or equal in rural versus urban areas, except the rural group having significantly lower incidences of leukemias and germ cell tumors (GCTs). Additionally, the incidence of most pediatric cancers was consistently higher among NHW in both urban and rural areas. Yet, incidence of some cancers differed by urban/rural residence within race/ethnicity: retinoblastoma (NHB, Hispanic, and API); soft tissue sarcomas (NHB and AI/AN); hepatic tumors (AI/AN); and GCTs (API). Conclusions: In general, Hispanic, NHB, and AI/AN populations have similar incidence of pediatric cancers in urban or rural areas. These groups have some shared bio-geographical ancestry, suggesting a possible effect of genetics on risk. Further, differences in incidence by urban/rural residence within race/ethnicity suggest a possible role of environment for some cancers. Interestingly, for GCTs, NHB had a lower IRR in urban and rural areas, but Hispanic populations had a significantly higher IRR. This finding, consistent with a recent study in adults, suggest that African ancestry may confer a protective effect on risk of GCTs. Further, the GCT effect sizes were more protective in the rural group for each race/ethnicity group, suggesting the possible role of environmental factors and interactions of environment with ancestry. Pediatric cancer incidence by race/ethnicity group and urban/rural residence Citation Format: Priya B. Shetty, Philip J. Lupo, Michael E. Scheurer. Pediatric cancer incidence among racial/ethnic groups living in rural/urban areas of the United States [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5223.

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Chandrakala, J., B. Pushpavathi, Harikishan Sudini, S. Triveni, and K. Supriya. "Changing Scenario of Groundnut Stem and Collar Rot Diseases in Major Groundnut Growing Areas of Telangana." International Journal of Economic Plants 11, May, 2 (May 25, 2024): 166–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/2/2024.5143.

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A roving survey was carried out in major groundnut-growing regions of Telangana state during kharif 2020 and kharif 2021 season aimed to assess the incidence of stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) and collar rot (Aspergillus niger) disease. The study revealed varying disease incidences at different stages and locations. The highest per cent disease incidence of stem rot from vegetative stage (22.05%) was recorded in Kalvapalle village of Mahabubabad district while maximum collar rot incidence (10.57%) was recorded in Choppadandi village of Karimnagar district. Lowest stem rot (7.81%) and collar rot (3.27%) incidence was recorded in Varkal village of Nalgonda district and Chakalpalle village of Wanaparthy district. Conversely at harvest stage maximum stem rot incidence (9.04%) was observed in Venkatapur village of Warangal district and maximum collar rot incidence (4.31%) was observed in Gundyala village of Mahabubnagar district. Lowest stem rot incidence (1.41%) was recorded in Gurthur village of Mahabubabad district while Collar rot incidence (1.69%) was recorded in Kondapur village of Nalgonda district.

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Jiang, Ruolin Lorraine, Caitlin Ruth Johnson, Alex Andrea Francoeur, Amandeep Kaur Mann-Grewal, Daniel Stuart Kapp, and John K. Chan. "Combined uterine and colorectal screening: A call for action." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2024): 5615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.5615.

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5615 Background: Colon cancer is currently one of the top three malignancies in the US with routine screening guidelines in place. With the current rise in uterine cancer incidence and mortality, there is currently no screening for uterine cancer. We propose to evaluate the demographics and trends in uterine and colorectal cancer incidences among women in the United States. Methods: Uterine and colorectal cancer incidence data among U.S. women were collected from the United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) database from 2001-2019. Annual estimated uterine and colon cancer incidence data among women was obtained from the American Cancer Society (ACS) from 2015-2024. SEER*Stat 8.3.9.2 and Joinpoint regression program 4.9.0.0 were used to calculate cancer incidences and trends per 100,000. Average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to describe trends. Age-adjusted incidences were adjusted by the U.S. 2000 standard population. SAS Enterprise Guide v 7.1 was employed to analyze estimated cancer incidences. Results: From 2001-2019, 904,032 incident uterine cases were identified from USCS. Regarding race, 76.5% identified as non-Hispanic White, 10.5% as non-Hispanic Black, 8.38% as Hispanic, and 3.42% as non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander. Of the 1,337,470 incident colorectal cancer cases obtained from USCS, 76.4% identified as White, 12.1% as Black, 7.10% as Hispanic, and 3.23% as Asian. Using ACS data from 2015-2024, the estimated number of annual incident uterine cancer cases increased from 54,870 to 67,880 while colorectal cancer incidence changed from 63,610 to 71,270 cases over the past 10 years (p<0.0001). Using a projection model, we predict that the incidence of uterine cancer will surpass colon cancer by 2025 at 40.17 and 37.07/100,000 respectively (Table). Given that Black women have a high rate of increasing uterine cancer incidence (AAPC 2.88%; p<0.0001), we predict that uterine cancer incidence among Black populations will surpass their rate of colon cancer by 2025 (42.97 vs 35.10/100,000). Conclusions: These findings suggest that uterine cancer incidence is increasing at a concerning rate and will likely surpass colon cancer by 2025. The impact of health disparities on Black women calls for research on the need for screening and novel therapies. [Table: see text]

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MEIJS, A. P., J. A. FERREIRA, S. C. DE GREEFF, M. C. VOS, and M. B. G. KOEK. "Incidence of surgical site infections cannot be derived reliably from point prevalence survey data in Dutch hospitals." Epidemiology and Infection 145, no. 5 (January 9, 2017): 970–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268816003162.

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SUMMARYThorough studies on whether point prevalence surveys of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) can be used to reliably estimate incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) are scarce. We examined this topic using surveillance data of 58 hospitals that participated in two Dutch national surveillances; HAI prevalence and SSI incidence surveillance, respectively. First, we simulated daily prevalences of SSIs from incidence data. Subsequently, Rhame & Sudderth's formula was used to estimate SSI incidence from prevalence. Finally, we developed random-effects models to predict SSI incidence from prevalence and other relevant variables. The prevalences simulated from incidence data indicated that daily prevalence varied greatly. Incidences calculated with Rhame & Sudderth's formula often had values below zero, due to the large number of SSIs occurring post-discharge. Excluding these SSIs, still resulted in poor correlation between calculated and observed incidence. The two models best predicting total incidence and incidence during initial hospital stay both performed poorly (proportion of explained variance of 0·25 and 0·10, respectively). In conclusion, incidence of SSIs cannot be reliably estimated from point prevalence data in Dutch hospitals by any of the applied methods. We therefore conclude that prevalence surveys are not a useful measure to give reliable insight into incidence of SSIs.

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Kateme, Emmanuelina L., Jean M. Tchuenche, and Senelani D. Hove-Musekwa. "HIV/AIDS Dynamics with Three Control Strategies: The Role of Incidence Function." ISRN Applied Mathematics 2012 (August 13, 2012): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/864795.

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The type of incidence function used in epidemiological models is generally a matter of choice and convenience. Basic deterministic HIV/AIDS models with standard and saturated incidences are developed and extended to include three control measures, namely, public health educational campaigns, condom use, and treatment. The potential impact of these incidence functions on long-term projection of the disease dynamics is theoretically assessed, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Conditions for the stability of the model steady states are provided. The model with saturated incidence yields a higher number of secondary infections compared to the same outcome in the standard incidence formulation.

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Francisco, Fabiana Gonçalves, and Roberto Usberti. "Seed health of common bean stored at constant moisture and temperature." Scientia Agricola 65, no. 6 (December 2008): 613–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162008000600007.

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Fungal incidence in stored common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the main concern in order to preserve seed health and viability. The main aim of this study was to analyse these quality parameters in hermetically stored seeds at 10.2, 13.1, 16.2, 18.5% moisture content (MC) and 25, 30, 35, 40°C, through seed germination and health tests. Water activity recorded at 10.2 and 18.5% MC were 0.448 and 0.700, respectively. Low seed moisture content reduced Alternaria spp. incidence at 25-30°C. Highest incidence of Fusarium spp. (7.5%) occurred at 16.2% MC and 35-40°C. Highest incidences of Rhizoctonia spp. (8-10%) were recorded at 16.2-18.5% MC and 30-40°C. Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp. were predominant throughout the experiment and the highest incidences (80-100%; 20-30%, respectively) were scored at 18.5% MC and 30-35°C and 13.1-18.5% MC at 35°C, respectively. The higher the seed MC the higher the fungi incidence while lower seed MC decreased the incidences by 25%. Storage conditions below 30°C and 13.0% MC appear suitable to preserve common bean seed in relation to viability and health, up to a 8-month period.

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Berthelot, Philippe, Maud Garnier, Pascal Fascia, Stéphane Guyomarch, Richard Jospé, Frédéric Lucht, Fabrice Zéni, Christian Auboyer, and Bruno Pozzetto. "Conversion of Prevalence Survey Data on Nosocomial Infections to Incidence Estimates: A Simplified Tool for Surveillance?" Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 28, no. 05 (May 2007): 633–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/513536.

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We calculated the incidence of nosocomial infection in 2 intensive care units (ICUs) on the basis of prevalence data recorded from 1997 through 2002 and compared these estimates to cumulative incidences measured in the 2 ICUs during the same period to investigate the feasibility and the reliability of converting prevalence data to incidence estimates. Decreases in the calculated and measured incidences over time in the ICUs were found to be statistically significantly related.

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Fletcher, J. D. "A virus survey of New Zealand fresh process and seed potato crops during 201011." New Zealand Plant Protection 65 (January 8, 2012): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2012.65.5366.

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A survey of 35 potato crops for potato viruses X Y S M A and leafroll was completed in three regions of New Zealand PVS was the most widespread virus with incidences of up to 100 in most crops PVM and PVA were present in around onethird of crops with PVM incidence at 100 in 11 crops The incidence of PVA was always below 35 PVYN was present in 17 of crops Within crops PVY incidence reached 100 in two crops but in the remaining five crops was 50 or lower Potato leafroll virus was detected in only five crops at 2 or less and similarly PVX in three crops at 1 incidence Over 20 years PVS has increased in incidence whereas PVX PVY PVYN and PLRV have decreased Of some concern is the apparent increase in the incidence of PVM Likely reasons for these changes in virus incidence are discussed along with future virus management recommendations

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R, Senthil, Manikandan R, Ramanathan A, and Raguchander T. "Influence of Dates of Sowing on Blast Disease Incidence in Finger Millet." Madras Agricultural Journal 99, March (2012): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100024.

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Influence of dates of sowing on the incidence and severity of blast in different varieties of finger millet was studied. Magnaporthe grisea incidence during consecutive three years study indicated that July sown crop suffered less. The crop sown during early season escaped incidence of leaf, neck and finger blast in all the varieties tested. The crop sown late in the season showed severe incidence of leaf, neck and finger blast in all the varieties. Resistant varieties viz., GPU 28 and GPU 48 showed lower incidence of blast as compared to susceptible varieties viz., KM252 and K7 in all the dates of sowing. Grain yield was maximum in crops sown in July when compared to September sown crop. Varieties that had lower blast incidence recorded higher yield as compared to varieties with higher leaf, neck and finger blast incidences.

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Hammer, Mike. "Incidence and Texture." Antioch Review 56, no. 1 (1998): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4613615.

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KIMURA, Atsuko, Hiroto KOBAYASHI, Shunei TANABE, Hiroshi ISHIZAKI, and Yonemasa FUKUI. "Incidence of clavi." Nishi Nihon Hifuka 47, no. 3 (1985): 520–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.47.520.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Incidence'

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