Relevant bibliographies by topics / Inbreeding depression

Academic literature on the topic 'Inbreeding depression'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Inbreeding depression"

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Wright, Lucy I., Tom Tregenza, and David J. Hosken. "Inbreeding, inbreeding depression and extinction." Conservation Genetics 9, no. 4 (September 21, 2007): 833–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-007-9405-0.

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Sumreddee, Pattarapol, Sajjad Toghiani, Elhamidi Hay, Samuel E. Aggrey, and Romdhane Rekaya. "PSXII-29 Partitioning of Inbreeding Depression using Pedigree and Genomic Approaches." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.448.

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Abstract Understanding the accumulation of autozygosity over time in a genome could enhance the assessment of the effect of inbreeding and the mitigation of its harmful impact. To date, runs of homozygosity (ROH) have been commonly used to study inbreeding’s impact in livestock species, as an alternative to the pedigree-based approach. Although inbreeding caused by the mating of animals related through a recent common ancestor is reasonably expected to have more pronounced effects on traits, estimating these effects requires a clear definition of recent (new) and ancient (old) inbreeding. Several methods have been proposed to classify inbreeding using pedigree and genomic information. Unfortunately, these methods are largely based on heuristic criteria (e.g., number of generations from common ancestor and length of ROH segments). To mitigate these deficiencies, we developed a method to classify inbreeding into recent and ancient classes based on a grid search driven by the hypothesis that new inbreeding tends to have a more pronounced effect than old inbreeding. The proposed method was tested using data from Line-1 Hereford cattle population characterized by a deep complete pedigree. Genomic data consisted of 50K SNP genotypes. Effect of recent and ancient inbreeding was assessed on four growth traits (birth, weaning and yearling weights and average daily gain). Thresholds to classify inbreeding into recent and ancient classes varied across traits and sources of information. Using pedigree information, increased inbreeding in the last 10 to 11 generations was considered as recent. When genomic information was using, thresholds ranged between 4 to 7 indicating the ability of ROH segments to better characterize the harmful impact of inbreeding in shorter periods of time. Using several model comparison criteria (adjusted R-squared, AIC, and BIC), the proposed method was better than existing approaches. Furthermore, the method provided a more objective quantitative approach for the classification of inbreeding.
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de Boer, Raïssa A., Marcel Eens, and Wendt Müller. "Sex-specific effects of inbreeding on reproductive senescence." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1879 (May 23, 2018): 20180231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0231.

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Inbreeding depression plays a significant role in evolutionary biology and ecology. However, we lack a clear understanding of the fitness consequences of inbreeding depression. Studies often focus on short-term effects of inbreeding in juvenile offspring, whereas inbreeding depression in adult traits and the interplay between inbreeding depression and age are rarely addressed. Inbreeding depression may increase with age and accelerate the decline in reproductive output in ageing individuals (reproductive senescence), which could be subject to sex-specific dynamics. We test this hypothesis with a longitudinal experimental study in a short-lived songbird. Adult inbred and outbred male and female canaries were paired in a 2 × 2 factorial design, and survival and annual reproductive performance were studied for 3 years. We found inbreeding depression in female egg-laying ability, male fertilization success and survival of both sexes. Annual reproductive success of both males and females declined when paired with an inbred partner independent of their own inbreeding status. This shows that inbreeding can have fitness costs in outbred individuals when they mate with an inbred individual. Further, inbred females showed faster reproductive senescence than outbred females, confirming that inbreeding depression and age can interact to affect fitness. By contrast, there was no evidence for an interaction between inbreeding depression and reproductive senescence in male fertilization success. Our findings highlight the importance of considering sex-specific effects and age to determine the full range of fitness consequences of inbreeding and demonstrate that inbreeding depression can accelerate reproductive senescence.
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Huisman, Jisca, Loeske E. B. Kruuk, Philip A. Ellis, Tim Clutton-Brock, and Josephine M. Pemberton. "Inbreeding depression across the lifespan in a wild mammal population." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 13 (March 15, 2016): 3585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1518046113.

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Inbreeding depression is of major concern for the conservation of threatened species, and inbreeding avoidance is thought to be a key driver in the evolution of mating systems. However, the estimation of individual inbreeding coefficients in natural populations has been challenging, and, consequently, the full effect of inbreeding on fitness remains unclear. Genomic inbreeding coefficients may resolve the long-standing paucity of data on inbreeding depression in adult traits and total fitness. Here we investigate inbreeding depression in a range of life history traits and fitness in a wild population of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Scotland using individual inbreeding coefficients derived from dense Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) data (Fgrm). We find associations between Fgrm and annual breeding success in both sexes, and between maternal inbreeding coefficient and offspring survival. We also confirm previous findings of inbreeding depression in birth weight and juvenile survival. In contrast, inbreeding coefficients calculated from a deep and comparatively complete pedigree detected inbreeding depression in juvenile survival, but not in any adult fitness component. The total effect of inbreeding on lifetime breeding success (LBS) was substantial in both sexes: for Fgrm=0.125, a value resulting from a half-sib mating, LBS declined by 72% for females and 95% for males. Our results demonstrate that SNP-based estimates of inbreeding provide a powerful tool for evaluating inbreeding depression in natural populations, and suggest that, to date, the prevalence of inbreeding depression in adult traits may have been underestimated.
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Swindell, William R., and Juan L. Bouzat. "SELECTION AND INBREEDING DEPRESSION: EFFECTS OF INBREEDING RATE AND INBREEDING ENVIRONMENT." Evolution 60, no. 5 (May 2006): 1014–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01179.x.

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Swindell, William R., and Juan L. Bouzat. "SELECTION AND INBREEDING DEPRESSION: EFFECTS OF INBREEDING RATE AND INBREEDING ENVIRONMENT." Evolution 60, no. 5 (2006): 1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1554/05-493.1.

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Lara-Fioreze, Ana Carolina da Costa, Laerte Gustavo Pivetta, and Maurício Dutra Zanotto. "Inbreeding depression in crambe1." Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 46, no. 4 (December 2016): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632016v4641811.

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ABSTRACT Inbreeding depression in plants, caused by selfing or crossing among plants with a high degree of relatedness, is a genetic phenomenon that affects quantitative traits. This study aimed at verifying the occurrence of inbreeding depression in crambe progenies originated from selfing, in comparison with open pollination progenies. A randomized blocks design, with three replications, in a 32 x 2 factorial arrangement, with 32 crambe progenies and two reproduction systems (artificial selfing and open pollination), was used. Grain yield, 1,000-grain weight, plant height and final stand were evaluated. A significant interaction was observed between progenies and reproduction systems in all traits evaluated. A reduction in grain yield, 1,000-grain weight and plant height occurred in the majority of the selfing progenies, when compared to open pollination progenies. Inbreeding depression was observed in all traits, especially for grain yield. The heritability coefficients of selfed progenies were higher than the open pollinated ones, except for 1,000-grain weight.
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Vergeer, Philippine, Niels (C A. M. ). Wagemaker, and N. Joop Ouborg. "Evidence for an epigenetic role in inbreeding depression." Biology Letters 8, no. 5 (July 11, 2012): 798–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.0494.

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Inbreeding depression (i.e. negative fitness effects of inbreeding) is central in evolutionary biology, affecting numerous aspects of population dynamics and demography, such as the evolution of mating systems, dispersal behaviour and the genetics of quantitative traits. Inbreeding depression is commonly observed in animals and plants. Here, we demonstrate that, in addition to genetic processes, epigenetic processes may play an important role in causing inbreeding effects. We compared epigenetic markers of outbred and inbred offspring of the perennial plant Scabiosa columbaria and found that inbreeding increases DNA methylation. Moreover, we found that inbreeding depression disappears when epigenetic variation is modified by treatment with a demethylation agent, linking inbreeding depression firmly to epigenetic variation. Our results suggest an as yet unknown mechanism for inbreeding effects and demonstrate the importance of evaluating the role of epigenetic processes in inbreeding depression.
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Schultz, S. T., and J. H. Willis. "Individual variation in inbreeding depression: the roles of inbreeding history and mutation." Genetics 141, no. 3 (November 1, 1995): 1209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/141.3.1209.

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Abstract We use mutation-selection recursion models to evaluate the relative contributions of mutation and inbreeding history to variation among individuals in inbreeding depression and the ability of experiments to detect associations between individual inbreeding depression and mating system genotypes within populations. Poisson mutation to deleterious additive or recessive alleles generally produces far more variation among individuals in inbreeding depression than variation in history of inbreeding, regardless of selfing rate. Moreover, variation in inbreeding depression can be higher in a completely outcrossing or selfing population than in a mixed-mating population. In an initially random mating population, the spread of a dominant selfing modifier with no pleiotropic effects on male outcross success causes a measurable increase in inbreeding depression variation if its selfing rate is large and inbreeding depression is caused by recessive lethals. This increase is observable during a short period as the modifier spreads rapidly to fixation. If the modifier alters selfing rate only slightly, it fails to spread or causes no measurable increase in inbreeding depression variance. These results suggest that genetic associations between mating loci and inbreeding depression loci could be difficult to demonstrate within populations and observable only transiently during rapid evolution to a substantially new selfing rate.
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Sallah Issa, B., and G. Seeland. "Einfluss von Inzucht und Selektion auf die Fruchtbarkeit und das Wachstum der Maus." Archives Animal Breeding 44, no. 6 (October 10, 2001): 671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-44-671-2001.

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Abstract. Title of the paper: Effect of inbreeding and selection on fertility and growth in mice The experiment comprised 3 lines of outbred mice: An inbred line without selection (1), an inbred line with selection (2) and a non inbred control line with random mating (3). In line 1 and 2 half sister mating was used. In line 2, 20 % of the females are selected for litter size and stillbirths of their dam. The males are selected at two stages: 50 % for body weight at the age of 10 days and 50 % for body weight at the age of 21 days. Inbreeding depressions seems to depend non linear on the degree of inbreeding. Selection within the line 2 could compensate inbreeding depression for fertility and growth. Epistatic effects and natural selection are discussed as a cause of the non linear inbreeding depression.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Inbreeding depression"

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Ferreira, Álvaro Gil Araújo. "Inbreeding avoidance and the genetic basis of inbreeding depression in Drosophila." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599002.

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This dissertation describes a study of the role of sexual selection in inbreeding avoidance and an extensive analysis of the genetics basis of inbreeding depression using species of the fruit fly Drosophila as model organisms. Using behaviour experiments and molecular genetic techniques I investigated the role of both female mate choice and polyandry in inbreeding avoidance. My results show that in the four Drosophila species analysed (D. melanogaster, D. simulans, D. subobscura and D. littoralis) female flies are not able to avoid inbreeding through mate choice. However, when polyandry was investigated in D. melanogaster and in D. littoralis I found that post-copulatory mechanisms can contribute to inbreeding avoidance. Specifically, females sometimes appear preferentially to use sperm from an unrelated rather than related partner. However, the pattern is complicated and the exact outcome appears to depend on the species, the remating frequency and on male mating order. Concerning inbreeding depression, two main genetic mechanisms have been invoked to explain the deleterious effects associated with inbreeding, one based on the exposure of deleterious recessive alleles and the other on heterozygote advantage. In order to investigate the relative importance of these two mechanisms, I analysed the relationship between heterozygosity at microsatellite markers and fitness in D. melanogaster, comparing inbred and outbred crosses under benign and stressed conditions. It was found that although the effects of deleterious recessive alleles have a significant effect, heterozygote advantage also plays an important role on inbreeding depression. Additionally, I show that the deleterious effects of inbreeding are at least partly environmental-specific.
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Pooley, Emma L. "Maternal inbreeding depression in the Zebra Finch, Taeniopygia guttata." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4590/.

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The aim of this project was to elucidate the mechanisms behind maternal inbreeding depression, using a model avian species, the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata. Inbreeding can reduce the fitness of inbred animals beyond its negative effects on early survival, through reduced fecundity of inbred animals that survive to reproductive age. In particular, inbreeding has been found to cause a decline in hatching success and early survival of the offspring of inbred mothers. I examined the underlying causes of maternal inbreeding depression by observing the effects of one generation of full-sibling mating on life-history and physiological traits in the zebra finch. The aims of this project were to separate the effects of maternal inbreeding on egg production and subsequent offspring care on the fecundity of inbred females and to examine the possible underlying causes of maternal inbreeding depression. The study explored the following questions; • Does maternal inbreeding lead to a reduction in egg production, either in the number, quality or size of eggs produced? • Do inbred females reduce the level of antimicrobial proteins in their eggs compared to outbred females? • Does inbreeding lead to a reduction in either incubation attentiveness or incubation temperature in females? • Does inbreeding in the egg-laying mother lead to a decline in offspring survival or growth? • Does inbreeding in the foster mother lead to a decline in offspring survival or growth? • Do inbred birds have higher maintenance costs, i.e. higher resting metabolic rates than outbred females? After generating inbred and outbred (control) females from full-sibling and non-related pairs respectively, females were paired with unrelated outbred males at the age of around six months old. The first clutch was removed for analysis of egg production (chapter two). The females were immediately allowed to lay replacement clutches, which were cross fostered among nests of inbred and control females. I then compared incubation attentiveness between inbred and control females using this replacement clutch (chapter 3). Through the cross fostering design I was able to separate the effects of inbreeding in the egg laying (chapter 2) and incubating mother (chapter 3) on offspring viability by comparing offspring growth and survival between treatments. When the same group of females were two years old I compared the resting metabolic rate of inbred and control females by measuring oxygen consumption of resting females in an open flow respirometry system (chapter 4). In chapter two I examined the effects of inbreeding on a key stage of reproductive investment; egg production. I found a reduction in both egg mass and yolk mass in inbred females compared to control females. However, there was little evidence to suggest that the level of antimicrobials deposited to the egg differed with the inbreeding status of the female. Inbreeding in the egg laying mother was found to affect hatchling mass through interactive effects with replicate and clutch size. Inbreeding in the egg egg-laying mother also affected post-hatching survival, although this effect was mediated by hatching order. In chapter three I investigated the effects of maternal inbreeding on incubation behaviour. Inbred females reduced their incubation attentiveness, but did not reduce average incubation temperature, compared to control females. However, the overall incubation attentiveness experienced by clutches did not differ between treatments due to complete compensation by the partners of inbred females. This is perhaps why there was no significant decline in either hatching success or hatching mass of offspring cross fostered to inbred females. In chapter four I examined the effects of inbreeding on resting metabolic rate by measuring resting oxygen consumption (VO2) of inbred females compared to control females. Resting VO2 (corrected for body size) was higher in inbred compared to control females. Inbred females also showed increased central organ mass (heart plus liver) for their body size compared to control females. Resting VO2 (corrected for body size) was positively was correlated with central organ mass (corrected for body size) and negatively correlated with peripheral organ mass (corrected for body size). I also found a positive correlation between resting VO2 and the ability to evade capture (rank capture order from a flight aviary). My results suggest that the reduced survival rates of the offspring of inbred females may be caused by reductions in maternal investment, since both egg size/quality and incubation attentiveness have previously been found to positively correlate with offspring viability. The finding that resting VO2 increased with inbreeding may suggest that inbred females showed reduced maternal investment in egg production and incubation attentiveness due to higher energetic costs of self-maintenance. Resting metabolic rate has been found to be associated with a wide range of life-history traits and so this finding could have important implications for the fitness of inbred animals. These findings are novel and shed light on the previous observations that maternal inbreeding can reduce early and long-term survival of the offspring of inbred individuals in wild populations.
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Haikola, Sari. "Inbreeding depression in the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia)." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2003. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/ekolo/vk/haikola/.

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Boakes, E. H. "An investigation of inbreeding depression and purging in captive populations." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596740.

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I use simulated pedigree and fitness data to test the statistical power of a regression model proposed by Ballou (J. Heredity, 88, 169-178, 1997) to detect inbreeding depression and purging. Finding the model to be lacking in power when used to analyse typical zoo pedigrees, I develop an alternative, more powerful model. I use both of these models to investigate the effects of inbreeding in 136 zoo populations, encompassing 109 species of mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. A significant cross-population trend in inbreeding depression is detected, as is a cross-population trend of purging in those populations which showed negative effects of inbreeding. The average change in inbreeding depression due to purging is < 2%, however, suggesting that fitness benefits are rarely appreciable. The study re-emphasises the necessity to avoid inbreeding in captive breeding programs and shows that purging cannot be relied upon to remove deleterious alleles from zoo populations. The severity of inbreeding depression appears to vary among taxa but few predictors of a population’s response to inbreeding are found. The models are most likely to detect inbreeding depression in large populations, i.e. in populations in which their statistical power is maximised. By analysing founders’ contributions to inbreeding, I find that random founder effects play a part in determining whether a population suffers from inbreeding depression. I also show that inbreeding depression may have differing effects on sexes but find no evidence of a consistent sex-bias. Susceptibility to inbreeding depression may therefore depend on a complex interaction of genetic, environmental and stochastic factors.
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Lloyd, Hywel ap Dafydd. "The dynamics of inbreeding depression in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana (Butler)." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426101.

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Zajitschek, Susanne Biological Earth &amp Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "The interplay between sexual selection, inbreeding and inbreeding avoidance in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41218.

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Inbreeding can have profound negative effects on individuals by reducing fertility and viability. In populations, inbreeding depression can reduce growth rates and increases extinction risk. The aims of this thesis are to investigate inbreeding depression in male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and to study the evolution of mechanisms for inbreeding avoidance in females, using guppies from a feral population in Queensland, Australia. Male guppies are highly polymorphic in their sexual ornamentation, indeed they show one of the most extreme polymorphisms observed in nature. Female guppies exhibit complex mate choice based on preferences for ornamentation, as well as social context. I aim is to examine how these factors of inbreeding avoidance alter sexual selection. In male guppies I found strong inbreeding depression in male sperm numbers, which is amplified under semi-natural compared to laboratory conditions (Chapter 2). Moreover, inbreeding depression results in low fertility under sperm competition: an experiment using artificial insemination techniques reveals that highly inbred males are heavily disadvantaged in gaining paternity (Chapter 3). On population level, inbreeding depression is manifest in reduced growth rates, predominantly in the early stages of inbreeding (Chapter 4). Population growth at inbreeding coefficients f=0.375-0.59 did not seem to lead to inbreeding depression, whereas lower levels of inbreeding reduced population growth. Although the growth rates in inbred populations appear normal, severe inbreeding depression is uncovered after outbred immigrants are added. Specifically, male immigrants are most efficient in short-term genetic rescue, probably due to insemination of large numbers of females whereas females are limited in the number of eggs they can produce (Chapter 4). Male ornamental traits show significant inbreeding depression in semi-natural conditions only (Chapters 2 & 3). Inbreeding avoidance mechanisms seem to have evolved in females: they prefer courtship displays of non-inbred males (Chapter 2), unfamiliar males (Chapter 5) and males with rare patterns (Chapter 6). This preference might increase the mating success of immigrants, and may have evolved to facilitate the avoidance of inbreeding. Together with context-independent preferences for ornament combinations (Chapter 6), it also offers an explanation for the maintenance of polymorphism in this species.
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Bellamy, L. A. R. "Sexual selection in stalk-eyed flies : inbreeding depression, sperm competition and larval development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1347916/.

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Stalk-eyed flies (Diptera: Diopsidae) have emerged as an important model organism in the study of sexual selection. They are characterised by their eyes being located on elongated stalks that protrude from their heads. In many species, males have larger eyespans than females as a result of female mate preference and malemale competition. In this thesis, I investigated several different aspects of stalk-eyed fly biology. First, I provide a comprehensive review that asks whether the literature supports the hypothesis that male sexual traits suffer from heightend inbreeding depression relative to non-sexual traits. This is followed by an empirical study that examines how inbreeding affects a sexual trait (male eyespan) relative to non-sexual traits (female eyespan and male wing length) in the stalk-eyed fly Diasemopsis meigenii. Sexual selection theory predicts that sexual traits should suffer greater inbreeding depression than non-sexual traits. Full-sibling matings were used to generate highly inbred lines of D. meigenii. Over 11 generations of inbreeding, male eyespan suffered more from inbreeding depression than female eyespan and male wing length. After crossing inbred lines, male eyespan was restored more than male wing length, but not female eyespan. Next, I used a P2 mating design to test male offence and defence roles in sperm competition. Female D. meigenii were mated once by a ‘focal male’ and n times by a ‘competing male’ (where n = 1, 3 or 5). Male defence and male offence ability was assessed by mating the focal male either before or after the competing male. I found no evidence of sperm precedence in D. meigenii and suggest that the most likely mechanism of sperm competition is via mixing of sperm from rival males. Finally, I examine how adult sexual size dimorphism in the stalk-eyed fly Teleopsis dalmanni is determined and regulated during larval development.
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Kurian, Valsa. "Investigation on the genetic control of the Primula L. heteromorphy supergene." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294893.

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Daniels, Susan J. "Female Dispersal and Inbreeding in the Red-cockaded Woodpecker." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36971.

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Dispersal is a critical life-history component; it determines gene flow and has profound effects on population structure, demography, social systems, and population viability. To add to our knowledge of dispersal and, in particular, our understanding of the relationship between dispersal and inbreeding, I studied three aspects of the biology of the red-cockaded woodpecker: dispersal of breeding females; the costs, benefits, and frequency of inbreeding; and the effect of inbreeding on natal dispersal. Dispersal of breeding female red-cockaded woodpeckers is strongly associated with inbreeding avoidance and mate choice, weakly associated with site choice, and not found to be associated with social constraints. Estimates of mortality for non-dispersing and dispersing breeding females were 24 and 59 percent per year, respectively-rare evidence of the cost of breeding dispersal. Significant costs of close inbreeding were found. Closely related pairs (kinship coefficient greater than 0.1) had lower hatching success as well as lower survival and recruitment of fledglings than unrelated pairs. Moderately related pairs (kinship coefficient between 0 and 0.1) and moderately inbred individuals had increased hatching success, but did not produce more young. Despite documented costs of close inbreeding and a predictable spatial distribution of closely related males near the natal territory, female fledglings disperse a median of only two territories and a modal distance of one territory. Natal dispersal of females is affected by closely related males on the natal site but unaffected by closely related males or moderately related males that are off the natal site.
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Paiva, Renato Diógenes Macedo. "Endogamia em rebanhos de caprinos da raça Saanen." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2016. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/583.

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The Saanen goat breed is present in all countries that have a fairly developed dairy goat and the predominant race in farms and with higher milk production average. The objective of this study was to evaluate the population structure and the effect of inbreeding on the production of milk up to 305 days of lactation and duration of lactation in Saanen goats belonging to participating flocks of Breeding Program of Dairy Goats (Capragene®). The evaluated population parameters were the effective number of founders (fe) and ancestors (fa), effective size (Ne), inbreeding coefficient (F), individual increase in inbreeding (ΔFi), average coefficient of relatedness (AR), the integrity of pedigrees and Wright's F statistics. The effect of inbreeding was verified by t test evaluating contrast through a subroutine MTDFREML application. We used pedigree data from 7,640 animals and 3,548 lactation information pertaining to 2,154 goats. The mean AR and F coefficients of the population were 1.48% and 0.78%, respectively. But the effective size was 39,69, from complete equivalent generation. The effective number of founder animals (fe) and ancestors (fa) was 123 and 101 respectively, and fiam all ancestors only 39 were responsible for explaining 50% of the genetic variability within the population, which indicates loss of source genes. As for the integrity of pedigrees were identified 80.13% animals as sires (breeders) and 79.02% as mothers. For subdivision of the population of the values obtained for FIS, FST and FIT were -0.017, 0.028 and 0.011 respectively, indicating the absence of the population structuring. There was no significant effect of inbreeding on the duration of lactation (P>0.05). The production of milk up to 305 days of lactation was significantly affected by inbreeding, with a reduction of 2.31 kg with the increase of 1% in the individual inbreeding
A raça de caprinos Saanen está presente em todos os países que têm uma caprinocultura leiteira razoavelmente desenvolvida, sendo a raça predominante nos criatórios e de maior média de produção de leite. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a estrutura populacional e o efeito da endogamia sobre a produção de leite até os 305 dias de lactação e a duração da lactação em cabras da raça Saanen pertencentes a rebanhos participantes do Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Caprinos Leiteiros (Capragene®). Os parâmetros populacionais avaliados foram o número efetivo de fundadores (fe) e ancestrais (fa), tamanho efetivo (Ne), coeficiente de endogamia (F), incremento individual de endogamia (ΔFi), coeficiente médio de parentesco (AR), a integridade dos pedigrees e as estatísticas F de Wright. O efeito da endogamia foi verificado pelo teste t, avaliando-se contraste por meio de uma sub-rotina do aplicativo MTDFREML. Foram utilizados dados de pedigree de 7.640 animais e informações de 3.548 lactações pertencentes a 2.154 cabras. Os coeficientes de F e AR médios da população foram de 1,48% e 0,78%, respectivamente. Já o tamanho efetivo foi de 39,69, considerando a geração equivalente completa. O número efetivo de animais fundadores (fe) e de ancestrais (fa) foi de 123 e 101 respectivamente, o que indica perda de genes de origem. De todos os ancestrais, apenas 39 foram responsáveis por explicar 50% da variabilidade genética da população. Quanto à integridade dos pedigrees foram identificados 80,13% de animais como pais (reprodutores) e 79,02% como mães. As estatísticas F de Wright, FIS, FST e FIT, foram -0,017, 0,028 e 0,011 respectivamente, indicando a ausência de subestruturação da população. Não houve efeito significativo da endogamia sobre a duração da lactação (P>0,05). A produção de leite até os 305 dias de lactação foi afetada significativamente pela endogamia, havendo uma redução de 2,31 kg na produção de leite com o incremento de 1% na endogamia individual
2017-01-11
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Books on the topic "Inbreeding depression"

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Darolia, Suresh Kumar. Inbreeding depression in intelligence. Delhi: Nirmal Publication, 1993.

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Latta, Robert George. Inbreeding depression and mixed mating systems in Mimulus L. (Scrophulariaceae). Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1993.

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Toppings, Peter. The significance of inbreeding depression to the evolution of self-fertilization in Eichhornia paniculata (Spreng.) Solms. (Pontederiaceae). Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1990.

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King, Stephen. 'Salem's Lot. New York, USA: Doubleday, 2005.

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King, Stephen. The Shining / 'Salem's Lot / Night Shift / Carrie. 5th ed. New York, USA: Octopus/Heinemann, 1985.

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Frankham, Richard, Jonathan D. Ballou, Katherine Ralls, Mark D. B. Eldridge, Michele R. Dudash, Charles B. Fenster, Robert C. Lacy, and Paul Sunnucks. Inbreeding reduces reproductive fitness. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783398.003.0003.

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Abstract:
The harmful impacts of inbreeding are generally greater in species that naturally outbreed compared to those in inbreeding species, greater in stressful than benign environments, greater for fitness than peripheral traits, and greater for total fitness compared to its individual components. Inbreeding reduces survival and reproduction (i.e., it causes inbreeding depression), and thereby increases the risk of extinction. Inbreeding depression is due to increased homozygosity for harmful alleles and at loci exhibiting heterozygote advantage. Natural selection may remove (purge) the alleles that cause inbreeding depression, especially following inbreeding or population bottlenecks, but it has limited effects in small populations and usually does not completely eliminate inbreeding depression. Inbreeding depression is nearly universal in sexually reproducing organisms that are diploid or have higher ploidies.
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Ali, Md Shahjahan. Cytology, inbreeding depression, and heterosis of Cuphea Lanceolata Ait. 1991.

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Fu, Yong-Bi. Marker-based inferences of genetic basis of inbreeding depression in Mimulus guttatus (Scrophulariaceae). 1995.

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Johnston, Mark Owen. Natural selection, inbreeding depression, and self-fertilization in two species of Lobelia with different pollinators. 1990.

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Willis, John Howard. The role of inbreeding depression in the evolution of two partially self-fertilizing populations of Mimulus guttatus. 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Inbreeding depression"

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Saha, Debasray, and Abhimanyu Kumar Jha. "Inbreeding Depression." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_521-1.

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Saha, Debasray, and Abhimanyu Kumar Jha. "Inbreeding Depression." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 3376–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_521.

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Jones, J. S., and E. T. Bingham. "Inbreeding Depression in Alfalfa and Cross-Pollinated Crops." In Plant Breeding Reviews, 209–33. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470650059.ch6.

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Sun, Shuhao, Fima Klebaner, and Tianhai Tian. "A New Mathematical Model for Inbreeding Depression in Large Populations." In Bioinformatics Research and Applications, 310–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08171-7_28.

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Parajuli, Atit, Long-Xi Yu, Michael Peel, Deven See, Steve Wagner, Steve Norberg, and Zhiwu Zhang. "Self-incompatibility, Inbreeding Depression, and Potential to Develop Inbred Lines in Alfalfa." In The Alfalfa Genome, 255–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74466-3_15.

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Tsumura, Yoshihiko. "Gene Flow, Mating Systems, and Inbreeding Depression in Natural Populations of Tropical Trees." In Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research, 57–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2175-3_3.

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Noordwijk, A. J. "The interaction of inbreeding depression and environmental stochasticity in the risk of extinction of small populations." In Conservation Genetics, 131–46. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8510-2_12.

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Silver, L. "Inbreeding Depression." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, 1016. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rwgn.2001.0677.

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Loeschcke, V., M. F. Schou, and T. N. Kristensen. "Inbreeding Depression ☆." In Reference Module in Life Sciences. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.06580-8.

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"Inbreeding Depression." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Informatics, 986–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6754-9_8398.

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Conference papers on the topic "Inbreeding depression"

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Doekes, H. P., P. Bijma, and J. J. Windig. "184. Inbreeding depression in livestock: comparing trait groups and inbreeding measures." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_184.

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Curik, I., H. Vostra-Vydrova, M. Shihabi, J. Sölkner, and L. Vostry. "205. Estimation of sex chromosome inbreeding depression on milk production in cattle." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_205.

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Rafter, P., N. McHugh, K. McDermott, and D. P. Berry. "237. Inbreeding depression and heterosis for live-weight and carcass traits in purebred and crossbred sheep." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_237.

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