Journal articles: 'In vitro standardization'

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Yman, Lars. "Standardization of in vitro methods." Allergy 56, s67 (April 2001): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2001.00921.x.

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Goggs, Robert, Antonio Borrelli, Benjamin M. Brainard, Daniel L. Chan, Armelle de Laforcade, Isabelle Goy-Thollot, Karl E. Jandrey, et al. "Multicenter in vitro thromboelastography and thromboelastometry standardization." Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 28, no. 3 (March 31, 2018): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vec.12710.

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Chander, NGopi. "Standardization of in vitro studies." Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 16, no. 3 (2016): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-4052.186399.

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Pooja, A., Sapna Panwar, A. K. Tiwari, and Gunjeet Kumar. "Standardization of in vitro regeneration protocol in annual chrysanthemum." Indian Journal of Horticulture 78, no. 1 (2021): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-0112.2021.00007.4.

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Ahmad, Sayeed, Mhaveer Singh, MohammadA Khan, MasoodS Khan, and SH Ansari. "Standardization and in vitro antioxidant activity of jatamansi rhizome." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 7, no. 4 (2015): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.168025.

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Malvicini, R., D. Santa Cruz, C. Sanmartin, N. Pacienza, and G. Yannarelli. "Bioassay standardization to assess exosomes antiinflammatory activity in vitro." Cytotherapy 22, no. 5 (May 2020): S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.500.

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Morosato, Federico, Francesco Traina, and Luca Cristofolini. "Standardization of hemipelvis alignment for in vitro biomechanical testing." Journal of Orthopaedic Research® 36, no. 6 (December 19, 2017): 1645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.23825.

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Kaur, Harpreet, Jaismeen Kaur, and Bhagwant Singh Chahil. "in vitro protocol standardization for growth and rooting in strawberry." Journal of Krishi Vigyan 9, no. 1 (2020): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2349-4433.2020.00158.0.

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Schendel, Dolores J., Rudolf Wank, and Bo Dupont. "Standardization of the Human in vitro Cell-mediated Lympholysis Technique." Tissue Antigens 13, no. 2 (December 11, 2008): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb01146.x.

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Sudha, V., K. L. Niraimathi, R. Lavanya, C. David Raj, and P. Brindha. "Chemical Standardization and in vitro Cytotoxic Studies on Nellikai lehyam." Asian Journal of Chemistry 26, no. 12 (2014): 3679–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2014.17053.

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Bosman, I. "Standardization procedure for the in vitro skin permeation of anticholinergics." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 169, no. 1 (June 30, 1998): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(98)00106-9.

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Soares, Carlos José, Rodrigo Borges Fonseca, Henner Alberto Gomide, and Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho. "Cavity preparation machine for the standardization of in vitro preparations." Brazilian Oral Research 22, no. 3 (September 2008): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-83242008000300016.

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Dietrich, G., D. Weber, and V. Kretschmer. "The In Vitro Bleeding Test: Standardization of the methodical procedure." LaboratoriumsMedizin 17, no. 7-8 (January 1993): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/labm.1993.17.7-8.317.

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Schleicher, E. D., and B. W. Vogt. "Standardization of serum fructosamine assays." Clinical Chemistry 36, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/36.1.136.

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Abstract We have calibrated a secondary serum protein standard by use (as primary standards) of samples of albumin and polylysine glycated with [14C]glucose in vitro, the glycation of which was assessed by radioactivity measurements and by elementary analysis for C and N. Using this standard for calibration in our improved fructosamine assay, one obtains an average fructosamine value of 247 mumol/L for nondiabetic individuals (or, in terms of total serum protein, 3.2 mumol/g)--about a tenth the value we obtained when we used the fructosamine assay of Johnson et al. (Clin Chim Acta 1983;127:87-95), standardized with desoxymorpholinofructose. In contrast, results corresponded well with the value for mean glycation of serum proteins, 3 mumol/g, determined by a furosine/HPLC method. Evidently the proposed procedure, in which a standard sharing the binding characteristics of endogenous glycated proteins is used together with our modified new fructosamine assay, leads to more realistic values for the concentrations of glycated serum proteins.

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Maurya, Harikesh, and Tirath Kumar. "FORMULATION, STANDARDIZATION, AND EVALUATION OF POLYHERBAL DISPERSIBLE TABLET." International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019v11i1.30113.

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Objective: The study was designed as formulation, standardization, and evaluation of polyherbal dispersible tablet prepared for the management of kidney disorders. To overcome the problem of dyspepsia in geriatric patients by the use of polyherbal dispersible tablets.Methods: Dispersible tablets were prepared using aqueous root extract powder of the selected plant viz. A. officinalis, B. diffusa, C. papaya, C. fistula, C. intybus, F. hispida, F. indica, C. nurvala, S. virgaurea, and V. negundo with the help of superdisintegrant addition technique using crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate and croscarmellose sodium in different percentage. Evaluation assessments such as the substantial test, weight variation, hardness, friability, content uniformity, disintegration, in vitro dispersion, stability study and IR compatibility were carried out.Results: Micromeritics of extracts powder were determined for all formulation, which signifying good flow properties. The substantial examination was established, which comply with official requirements for uniformity test, and the drug content was close to 100% in all formulations. Disintegration time was observed for all formulation in which the polyherbal formulation-3 (PHF-3) showing 1.10±0.10 min; during in vitro dispersion time, all formulation showed appropriate dispersion in which the PHF-3 captivating 2.00±0.45 min only. The IR compatibility shows none chemical interaction between the extracts and excipients.Conclusion: The PHF-3 showed satisfactory disintegration and in vitro dispersion time due to crospovidone and reported as the best formulation. The stability study and IR compatibility validate the PHF may represent new easily swallow dispersible tablet that may enhance drug permeability and advance bioavailability for nephrotic patients.

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Mesaros, Anca Stefania, Gabriel Furtos, Michaela F. Mesaros, and Mindra E. Badea. "Enabling Standardization in Shear Bond Strength Tests for Orthodontic Adhesives on Natural Teeth by Using an Innovative Grip Accessory for the Testing Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (June 2014): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.121.

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Shear Bond Strength testing is one of the most common used tests for Orthodontics Adhesives. However, the standardizations of such procedures is quite difficult due to a large number of factors. While scientists are designing their studies in order to reduce errors, sometime they may find themselves in front of technical difficulties. A custom device was developed in order to allow a testing procedure that is closer to in vitro conditions. The device, mounted on a material testing machine permits sample inclination to a degree that reduces tensile component to the shear stress, therefore more accurate readings of the values are available and standardization of shear bond testing procedures is more probable.

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Dietrich, Gerald, Volker Kretschmer, Dagmar Weber, Winfried Haupt, Betiina Langen, and Bernd Huss. "Variables Influencing the Thrombostat 4000: Recommended Standardization." Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 21, S 02 (March 1995): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1313597.

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The in vitro bleeding test (IVBT) (Thrombostat 4000) was performed on blood samples from healthy blood donors using a “preliminary standard test.” Only one factor of the test procedure was changed each time.We found the following parameters to have a significant influence on the test results: time interval between sampling and testing, diameter of the filter's aperture, capillary diameter, aggregating agents and their concentration, temperature of the blood and cartridges, method of drying the capillaries, the aspiration pressure, and the hematocrit of the blood sample. According to our data, we propose a standard IVBT for routine application and modifications for special diagnostic use.

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Juárez, María José, Ethel Ibáñez-Echevarria, Dolores Hernández-Fernández de Rojas, Ángel Maquieira, and Sergi Morais. "Multiplexed analytical approaches to beta-lactam allergy in vitro testing standardization." Analytica Chimica Acta 1173 (August 2021): 338656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2021.338656.

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Kumari, Shyama, Awdhesh Kumar Pal, Subhashish Sarkhel, Paramveer Singh, and Randhir Kumar. "Standardization of in vitro Mass Multiplication Protocol for Gerbera cv. Partrizia." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7, no. 04 (April 10, 2018): 514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.704.060.

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Hoque, Farhana, Mahbub Robbani, Md Fakhrul Hasan, and Jahanara Parvin. "Standardization of protocol for in vitro propagation of banana (Musa sapientum)." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 16, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v16i1.36477.

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An experiment was conducted at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University during the period from August 2016 to April 2017 to standardize the protocol for in vitro propagation of banana. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with four replications. Three to four months aged field grown rhizome attached shoots were used as explants and cultured on MS medium with different concentrations and combinations of BAP (6-benzylamino purine), BAP + KIN (Kinetin) + NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) and IBA (Indole-3- Butyric Acid) + IAA (Indole-3- Acetic Acid) to observe their efficacy on single shoot initiation, shoot multiplication and root formation respectively. Minimum number of days required for shoot initiation (9.07) with highest shoot initiation percentage (91.14) and the longest shoot (2.23 cm) was found in MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/L BAP. On the other hand, highest shoot multiplication percentage (80.99) with maximum number of shoots per explant (4.47), the highest length of shoots (4.17 cm) and maximum number of leaves (4.04)was observed in MS medium supplemented with 4.0 mg/L BAP + 2.0 mg/L KIN + 2.0 mg/L NAA. In case of root regeneration, the best results on days required for root initiation (9.00), the highest root initiation percentage (85.05), maximum number of roots per plantlet (5.83) and the highest length of roots (4.17 cm) was obtained in MS medium supplemented with1.5 mg/L IBA + 0.5 mg/L IAA. After 5-7 days of hardening in room temperature, established plantlets were ready for plantingJ. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(1): 27-30, April 2018

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Sengar, R. S., and Alok Kumar Singh. "Standardization of In Vitro Clonal Propagation for Papaya Variety “PUSA Delicious”." Biotech Today : An International Journal of Biological Sciences 9, no. 2 (2019): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2322-0996.2019.00029.2.

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Schmidt, Wolfram, Christoph Brandt-Wunderlich, Michael Stiehm, Sebastian Kaule, Stefan Siewert, Andrea Bock, Klaus-Peter Schmitz, Anja Kurzhals, and Niels Grabow. "Standardization of in vitro testing for cardiovascular implants in the era of European Medical Device Regulation." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2020-3084.

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AbstractIn case of cardiovascular implants classified as class III medical products there is a specific responsibility for manufacturers as well as regulatory authorities to follow international standards to guarantee for safety and efficacy. Fast developments of science and technology as well as novel clinical findings create permanent needs to match the standardization. Therefore, a set of international standards is analyzed with respect to their use for particular coronary drug-eluting stents and artificial heart valves. It was found that standards (ISO, ASTM) exist for general requirements on passive implants, but also specifically relate to arterial stents, stent grafts, bioresorbable and drug-eluting stents, as well as artificial heart valves. New work items address new methods for characterization of coating integrity, particulate matter and simulated use testing. European Medical Device Regulation (MDR) requires technical expertise and capacity at Notified Bodies supported by independent test laboratories. Generally, the interest in standardization from industry, test laboratories and authorities is high, but more input from medical experts would further improve the value of standardization and its relevance for safe and even more effective implants.

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Schmidt, Wolfram, Christoph Brandt-Wunderlich, Michael Stiehm, Sebastian Kaule, Stefan Siewert, Andrea Bock, Klaus-Peter Schmitz, Anja Kurzhals, and Niels Grabow. "Standardization of in vitro testing for cardiovascular implants in the era of European Medical Device Regulation." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2020-3085.

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AbstractIn case of cardiovascular implants classified as class III medical products there is a specific responsibility for manufacturers as well as regulatory authorities to follow international standards to guarantee for safety and efficacy. Fast developments of science and technology as well as novel clinical findings create permanent needs to match the standardization. Therefore, a set of international standards is analyzed with respect to their use for particular coronary drug-eluting stents and artificial heart valves. It was found that standards (ISO, ASTM) exist for general requirements on passive implants, but also specifically relate to arterial stents, stent grafts, bioresorbable and drug-eluting stents, as well as artificial heart valves. New work items address new methods for characterization of coating integrity, particulate matter and simulated use testing. European Medical Device Regulation (MDR) requires technical expertise and capacity at Notified Bodies supported by independent test laboratories. Generally, the interest in standardization from industry, test laboratories and authorities is high, but more input from medical experts would further improve the value of standardization and its relevance for safe and even more effective implants.

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Parvin, Jahanara, Mahbub Robbani, Md Fakhrul Hasan, and Farhana Hoque. "Standardization of plant growth regulators for successful tissue culture of sweet potato." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 16, no. 2 (August 23, 2018): 178–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v16i2.37957.

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The experiment was carried out during the period from June 2016 to January, 2017 at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) for in vitro regeneration of sweet potato. In this study, the nodal segment explants and different combinations of growth regulators were used for in vitro regeneration of sweet potato. BAP (6-benzylamino purine) and KIN (Kinetin) were used for in vitro shoot regeneration and IBA (Indole-6- Butyric Acid) with NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) were used for in vitro root regeneration. The highest percentage of shoot initiation (91.30), the minimum number of days (9.00) for shoot initiation, the highest number of shoot/plantlet (11.00) and the highest shoot length (4.38 cm) was observed when nodal segment explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP 1.5 mg/L + KIN 0.1 mg/L. On the other hand, the highest root initiation percentage (94.12), the minimum number of days (6.00) for root initiation, the highest number of root/plantlet (9.33) and the highest root length (11.13 cm) was observed in the MS medium supplemented with IBA 0.5 mg/L + NAA 0.1 mg/L. Regenerated plantlets were acclimatized for 5 days and adopted in soil by 6-7 days of transplantation.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 178-181, August 2018

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Kardile, Mahendra Vaijnath, Chandaragouda Patil, Ali Haidar, Umesh Bharat Mahajan, and Sameer Goyal. "Homeopathic drug standardization through biological evaluations: An untrodden avenue." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 14, no. 4 (August 25, 2021): 16–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v14i4.768.

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Background: There is a dearth of chemico-analytical or instrumental methods for standardization and quality control of higher dilutions of homeopathic drugs. Aim: This review highlights the challenges in standardization of anti-inflammatory homeopathic drugs and suggests a battery of biological assays for their standardization. Methods: We retrieved a total 57 scientific reports from the experimental studies and scientific reviews published between January 1999 and June 2014 related to anti-inflammatory homeopathic drugs and their high dilutions. These comprised of 18 reports on preclinical evaluation, 15 on source materials, 9 on isolated constituents and 15 studies on in-vitro experiments. Few recent citations which supported the initial studies were added later during the compilation of the manuscript. Conclusion: Standardization and quality control of homeopathic mother tinctures and high dilutions warrants an urgent attention. As biological activities are observed to be attributed to the high dilutions which are practically devoid of active ingredients, their standardization may be done through the suggested battery of biological investigations. It is suggested that the current methods of standardization of homeopathic drugs need to be upgraded to include sensitive, reproducible and relevant biological assays so that the end users are assured of the quality, efficacy, and safety of homeopathic dilutions.

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Estrela, Vania V. "DICOM’s Standardization in Histo-Pathology." Medical Technologies Journal 4, no. 3 (December 7, 2020): 578–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss3p578-579.

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Background: The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard helps to represent, store, and to exchange healthcare images associated with its data. DICOM develops over time and is continuously adapted to match the rigors of new clinical demands and technologies. An uphill battle in this regard is to conciliate new software programs with legacy systems. Methods: This work discusses the essential aspects of the standard and assesses its capabilities and limitations in a multisite, multivendor healthcare system aiming at Whole Slicing Image (WSI) procedures. Selected relevant DICOM attributes help to develop and organize WSI applications that extract and handle image data, integrated patient records, and metadata. DICOM must also interface with proprietary file formats, clinical metadata and from different laboratory information systems. Standard DICOM validation tools to measure encoding, storing, querying and retrieval of medical data can verify the generated DICOM files over the web. Results: This work investigates the current regulations and recommendations for the use of DICOM with WSI data. They rely mostly on the EU guidelines that help envision future needs and extensions based on new examination modalities like concurrent use of WSI with in-vitro imaging and 3D WSI. Conclusion: A DICOM file format and communication protocol for pathology has been defined. However, adoption by vendors and in the field is pending. DICOM allows efficient access and prompt availability of WSI data as well as associated metadata. By leveraging a wealth of existing infrastructure solutions, the use of DICOM facilitates enterprise integration and data exchange for digital pathology. In the future, the DICOM standard will have to address several issues due to the way samples are gathered and encompassing new imaging technologies.

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Bhanukiran, Kancharla, Tarkeshwar Dubey, and Siva Hemalatha. "Quality Control Standardization and in-vitro Antioxidant Activity of Marsilea quadrifolia Linn." Pharmacognosy Research 14, no. 2 (April 24, 2022): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pres.14.2.20.

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Bhanukiran, Kancharla, Tarkeshwar Dubey, and Siva Hemalatha. "Quality Control Standardization and in-vitro Antioxidant Activity of Marsilea quadrifolia Linn." Pharmacognosy Research 14, no. 2 (April 24, 2022): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pres.14.2.20.

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Rafiq, Sadaf, Z. A. Rather, Reyaz Ahmad Bhat, I. T. Nazki, Mohammad S. AL-Harbi, Neelofar Banday, Iqra Farooq, et al. "Standardization of in vitro micropropagation procedure of Oriental Lilium Hybrid Cv. ‘Ravenna’." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, no. 12 (December 2021): 7581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.064.

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Bisht, Surjeet Singh, and Sanjeev Verma. "Standardization of in vitro Multiplication Protocol for Picrorhiza kurroa (Royle Ex. Benth)." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8, no. 08 (August 10, 2019): 2043–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.808.238.

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Dreborg, S. "4. Standardization of allergenic preparations by in vitro and in vivo methods." Allergy 48, s14 (February 1993): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1993.tb04759.x.

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Schierano, Gianmario, Carlo Manzella, Giulio Menicucci, Alessio Parrotta, Elisabetta M. Zanetti, and Alberto L. Audenino. "In vitro standardization of two different removal devices in cemented implant prosthesis." Clinical Oral Implants Research 27, no. 8 (July 27, 2015): 1026–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/clr.12671.

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Indraccolo, Stefano, Rita Zamarchi, Maria Luisa Veronese, Maria Rosaria Mazza, Marta Mion, Arianna Veronesi, Marina Panozzo, et al. "Standardization of in vitro synthesis and detection of HIV-1-specific antibodies." Journal of Immunological Methods 157, no. 1-2 (January 1993): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(93)90076-j.

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Felici, Martina, Benedetta Tugnoli, Andrea Piva, and Ester Grilli. "In Vitro Assessment of Anticoccidials: Methods and Molecules." Animals 11, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 1962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11071962.

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Avian coccidiosis is a disease causing considerable economic losses in the poultry industry. It is caused by Eimeria spp., protozoan parasites characterized by an exogenous–endogenous lifecycle. In vitro research on these pathogens is very complicated and lacks standardization. This review provides a description of the main in vitro protocols so far assessed focusing on the exogenous phase, with oocyst viability and sporulation assays, and on the endogenous phase, with invasion and developmental assays in cell cultures and in ovo. An overview of these in vitro applications to screen both old and new remedies and to understand the relative mode of action is also discussed.

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Serena, Carolina, Montserrat Ortoneda, Javier Capilla, F. Javier Pastor, Deanna A. Sutton, Michael G. Rinaldi, and Josep Guarro. "In Vitro Activities of New Antifungal Agents against Chaetomium spp. and Inoculum Standardization." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 10 (October 2003): 3161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.10.3161-3164.2003.

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ABSTRACT Chaetomium is an unusual etiological agent of human infections, but the mortality rate among immunocompromised patients is considerably greater than that among nonimmunocompromised individuals. We investigated the in vitro antifungal susceptibilities to novel antifungal agents of 19 strains belonging to three species of Chaetomium which have been involved in human infections, i.e., Chaetomium globosum, C. atrobrunneum, and C. nigricolor, and one strain of the closely related species Achaetomium strumarium. A modification of the NCCLS reference microdilution method (M38-A) was used to evaluate the in vitro activities of ravuconazole, voriconazole, albaconazole, and micafungin. Micafungin was not active at all, while the geometric mean MICs and minimum effective concentrations of the three triazoles were less than 0.5 and 0.4 μg/ml, respectively.

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GRANDE, N., E. PRECIGOUT, M. L. ANCELIN, K. MOUBRI, B. CARCY, J. L. LEMESRE, H. VIAL, and A. GORENFLOT. "Continuous in vitro culture of Babesia divergens in a serum-free medium." Parasitology 115, no. 1 (July 1997): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182097008937.

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Babesia divergens was cultivated in RPMI 1640 (25 mM HEPES) supplemented with 10% human serum (RPMI-10% HS) with a high percentage of parasitized erythrocytes (PPE) ([ges ]40%). Standardization of in vitro tests, purification of exoantigens, biochemical studies and the safety of the culture handler motivated the development of a serum-free defined medium. Removal of serum greatly reduced the PPE but, after a period of adaptation, the culture was continuous and the parasite was able to develop a 3% routine PPE. Addition of vitamins or reduced glutathione in basal medium (RPMI) did not improve the PPE. The supplementation of basal medium with lipidic carrier (Albumax I or bovine serum albumin–Cohn's fraction V) promoted the growth of B. divergens with high PPE (>30%) close to those obtained in RPMI–10% HS. Neither protein nor lipid fractions alone were able to restore the growth of B. divergens. Nevertheless, the whole lipid fraction from serum or Albumax I added to delipidated albumin partially restored the growth (7% PPE), indicating that the presentation of specific lipids by a carrier is crucial for the parasite. All the data indicate that Albumax I can replace human serum offering the advantages of safety, standardization for chemosensitivity tests, and exoantigen purification.

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Singh, P., and SP Singh. "Standardization of Sterilization Procedure for In Vitro Propagation of Capegooseberry (Physalis peruviana L)." Vegetos- An International Journal of Plant Research 30, no. 2 (2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2229-4473.2017.00131.8.

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Amir, Mohd, Niyaz Ahmad, Sarfaroz Md Sarfaroz, Wasim Ahmad, Sayeed Ahmad, and Mohd Mujeeb. "Pharmacognostical, Physicochemical Standardization and In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Punica granatum Linn fruit." Pharmacognosy Journal 11, no. 2 (February 18, 2019): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2019.11.42.

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Showkat Bhat, Momin, Zahoor Ahmad Rather, Imtiyaz Tahir Nazki, Neelofar Banday, Tabinda Wani, Sadaf Rafiq, Iqra Farooq, Ahmed Noureldeen, and Hadeer Darwish. "Standardization of in vitro micropropagation of Winter Jasmine (Jasminum nudiflorum) using nodal explants." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 29, no. 5 (May 2022): 3425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.011.

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Abramovič, Helena, Blaž Grobin, Nataša Poklar Ulrih, and Blaž Cigić. "Relevance and Standardization of In Vitro Antioxidant Assays: ABTS, DPPH, and Folin–Ciocalteu." Journal of Chemistry 2018 (October 29, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4608405.

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Trolox, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and ascorbic acid are antioxidants used as standards for reaction with chromogenic radicals, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH⋅) and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS⋅+), and Folin–Ciocalteu (FC) reagent. The number of exchanged electrons has been analyzed as function of method and solvent. A majority of compounds exchange more electrons in FC assay than in ABTS and DPPH assays. In reaction with chromogenic radicals, the largest number of electrons was exchanged in buffer (pH 7.4) and the lowest reactivity was in methanol (DPPH) and water (ABTS). At physiological pH, the number of exchanged electrons of polyphenols exceeded the number of OH groups, pointing to the important contribution of partially oxidized antioxidants, formed in the course of reaction, to the antioxidant potential. For Trolox, small impact on the number of exchanged electrons was observed, confirming that it is more suitable as a standard compound than the other antioxidants.

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Ramaiah, Maddi, Guntupalli Chakravathi, and Kanuri Yasaswini. "In vitro biological standardization, formulation and evaluation of directly compressed polyherbal anthelmintic tablets." Pharmacognosy Journal 5, no. 3 (May 2013): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phcgj.2013.04.004.

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ROEST, M., A. REININGER, J. J. ZWAGINGA, M. R. KING, and J. W. M. HEEMSKERK. "Flow chamber-based assays to measure thrombus formation in vitro: requirements for standardization." Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 9, no. 11 (November 2011): 2322–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04492.x.

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Prasad, Satyendra K., R. Kumar, DK Patel, AN Sahu, and S. Hemalatha. "Physicochemical standardization and evaluation of in-vitro antioxidant activity of Aconitum heterophyllum Wall." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2, no. 2 (February 2012): S526—S531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60266-4.

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Oelmueller, Uwe. "Standardization of generic pre-analytical procedures for in vitro diagnostics for personalized medicine." New Biotechnology 60 (January 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2020.07.003.

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Mujeeb, Mohd, Mohd Amir, Niyaz Ahmad, Md Sarfaroz, Wasim Ahmad, Sayeed Ahmad, and FaheemHyder Pottoo. "Tamarindus indica fruit: Pharmacognostical standardization, detection of contaminant, and in vitro antioxidant activity." Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences 11, no. 4 (2019): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_46_19.

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Archambault, Denis, Guylaine Morin, Youssef Elazhary, Jean H. Joncas, and Raymond S. Roy. "Standardization and kinetics of in vitro bovine blood lymphocyte stimulation with bovine rotavirus." Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 11, no. 1 (January 1988): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-9571(88)90003-3.

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Joshi, Suvarna, Sandeepan Mukerjee, Shashikant Vaidya, Gitanjali Talele, Abhay Chowdhary, and Rajesh Shah. "Preparation, standardization and in vitro safety testing of Mycobacterium nosodes (Emtact- polyvalent nosode)." Homeopathy 105, no. 03 (August 2016): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.homp.2016.02.006.

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Background: Most of the nosodes in the homeopathic pharmacopeia have been sourced from obscure pathological material over a century ago; of which no scientific documentation is available. Method: A method for preparation and standardization of univalent and polyvalent Mycobacterium nosodes (labeled as Emtact), using different strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was developed. The committee comprising microbiologists, scientist, pharmacist, homeopaths and clinicians had reviewed and approved the method of preparation of nosode. Preparation of the nosode was based on the reference in the Homeopathy Pharmacopoeia of India (HPI), group N-IV. Strains of M. tuberculosis viz. Standard strain H37Rv, multi-drug resistant (MDR) M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis (BCG vaccine) and Mycobacterium avium were identified, procured and documented. Twenty billion viable cells for each strain were taken for Original Stock Nosode (OSN). The original stock was prepared by suspending the microbial cells into water for injection (WFI) (1 ml). As per the Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) monograph, sterility testing was done for different potencies. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed for 30c potency for detection of any DNA material of the source organisms. Result: A polyvalent (multi-strain) and univalent M. tuberculosis nosodes were prepared for research and clinical use. No growth of Mycobacterium was observed in any of the samples above 5c potency. The in-vitro testing for nosode (30c) was found to be free from any organism and DNA material. Conclusion: Mycobacterium nosodes sourced from individual strain and polyvalent Emtact nosode in vitro testing results found to be satisfactory for its handling and utilization. The nosode seems to be safe and may be tested further in vivo to explore its therapeutic application.

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Javed, Danish, and ArunKumar Das. "Preparation, standardization, and in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of Gairikadya malahara – An Ayurvedic ointment." International Journal of Ayurveda Research 3, no. 2 (2022): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijar.ijar_17_22.

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Fairweather-Tait, Phillips, Wortley, Harvey, and Glahn. "The Use of Solubility, Dialyzability, and Caco-2 Cell Methods to Predict Iron Bioavailability." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 77, no. 3 (May 1, 2007): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.77.3.158.

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An update on in vitro methods employed to assess iron bioavailability is presented. Solubility and dialyzability are not useful predictors of iron absorption, whereas Caco-2 cell models provide useful comparisons on the availability of iron from different sources. Strengths and weaknesses of in vitro approaches are briefly described, including the need to characterize Caco-2 cells in order to interpret results correctly. Further developments are required to refine Caco-2 model systems, including optimization and standardization of methods.

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Singh, Vineet Kumar, Deepak Mundkinajeddu, Rojison Koshy, Deeksha Bhat, Nithin J., K. R. Balaji, and Gayathri A.G. "A BIOASSAY APPROACH TO COMPLEMENT CHEMICAL STANDARDIZATION OF ASHWAGANDHA ROOT EXTRACTS." RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry 15, no. 04 (2022): 2258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2022.1546980.

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Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, popularly known as ashwagandha, is an Indian plant that has long been utilized in Ayurveda for its adaptogenic effects, as evidenced by several clinical and preclinical research publications. Using an in-vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibition assay (AChE), we performed bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethanolic extract of ashwagandha roots. The inhibitory activity was found to be concentrated in the fractions containing withanolides, and the active fractions were purified to yield nine distinct withanolides. Five of these had a considerable inhibitory effect against acetylcholinesterase (IC50 <10 µg/ml), with 12-deoxywithastramonolide being the most active (IC50-1.54 µg/ml). Ashwagandha extracts are typically standardized to the content of withanolides by chromatographic methods like HPLC. We evaluated if acetylcholinesterase inhibition assay can be utilized for biological standardization of commercial batches that can complement the current chromatographic methods. Nine different commercially produced batches of Ashwagandha extracts were evaluated with acetylcholinesterase inhibition in-vitro, HPLC profiling, and quantitative determination of nine withanolides. The IC50 values ranged from 15 µg/ml to 95 µg/ml, while the total content of nine withanolides varied between 2.78%w/w to 3.58%w/w. Given the inherent variability in withanolide content, an acetylcholinesterase inhibition assay can be utilized to enhance quality control of commercially available ashwagandha extracts.

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Journal articles on the topic 'In vitro standardization'

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