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Journal articles on the topic 'In-use measurement'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

EC, Oliveira. "Use of Measurement Uncertainty in Compliance Assessment in Custody Transfer Operations." Petroleum & Petrochemical Engineering Journal 5, no. 4 (2021): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ppej-16000278.

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2

Forsythe, S. E., and G. L. Hansen. "A precision measurement system for use in underwater acoustics measurements." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 91, no. 4 (April 1992): 2369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.403372.

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3

Singh, Amarjit. "Measurement of Energy Use in Agriculture." Outlook on Agriculture 22, no. 2 (June 1993): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709302200210.

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Historically, energy utilization efficiency has been measured using energy ratio and energy productivity. Both these measures have their limitations. So a new measure of energy productivity, i.e. the value of product per unit of energy input, is proposed to measure energy utilization at macro levels. This measure will enable comparison of the efficiency of different agricultural systems, agricultural regions, farm size classes, countries, etc. Comparisons over time of the changes within an agricultural system are also possible, even if the product mix changes. It will help in Identifying regions of comparative advantage for various agricultural activities, and may also aid policy formulation for the location of agriculture and agricultural development. This measure of efficiency is a midway approach to net energy analysis and traditional economic analysis.

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4

Goolsby, Mary Jo. "Use of PSA Measurement in Practice." Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 13, no. 6 (May 24, 2005): 246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2001.tb00029.x.

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5

Farmer, P. B. "Carcinogen adducts: use in diagnosis and risk assessment." Clinical Chemistry 40, no. 7 (July 1, 1994): 1438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/40.7.1438.

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Abstract Exposure to genotoxic carcinogens results in the formation of covalently bound adducts of the carcinogens with cellular nucleophilic molecules, including DNA and protein. Quantitative measurements of these adducts may be used to monitor exposure to these carcinogens. The analytical methods required to detect the adducts need to be of exceptional sensitivity and include 32P-postlabeling, immunoassay, and physicochemical techniques (e.g., mass spectrometry or fluorescence measurements). Owing to its accessibility and long lifetime, hemoglobin is also suitable for carcinogen adduct measurement, and techniques based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or immunoassay have been developed for this purpose. Although the measurement of adducts is now accepted as a valid means of monitoring exposure to carcinogens, the value of such measurements in indicating carcinogenic risk in humans is less certain. However, adduct concentrations, particularly at low doses of carcinogen, have in several instances been shown to correlate with tumorigenicity in animal experiments.

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6

Owolabi, Folashade, Solabomi Ajibolade, and Uwalomwa Uwuigbe. "The design and use of performance measurement innovations and organizational outcomes in Nigerian listed companies." Problems and Perspectives in Management 19, no. 2 (May 13, 2021): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(2).2021.08.

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Performance measurement innovations (PMI) provide frameworks for the improvement of organizational performance. While developed economies have widely accepted PMI, little is known about their design and use in developing economies. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the design and use of PMI and organizational outcomes among listed firms in Nigeria. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was adopted for the analysis using cross-sectional survey data comprising 126 corporate managers in the sampled listed companies. The results showed that all the path coefficients for design of PMI and customer perspective (β = 0.325, p &lt; 0.0001), financial (β = 0.314, p &lt; 0.0001), internal business process (β = 0.346, p &lt; 0.0001), and learning and growth perspectives (β = 0.367, p &lt; 0.0001) were significantly positive. This suggests that designing performance measures to include a diversity of measurement incorporating financial and non-financial measures would positively affect organizational outcomes. Besides, diagnostic use was found to have a negative effect on customer perspective (β = –0.315, p &lt; 0.01), while the interactive use (β = 0.411, p &lt; 0.01) of PMI demonstrated a positive effect on it. This implies that using PMIs in a diagnostic manner brings about a negative image of the customer perspective, but it is divergent for interactive use. AcknowledgmentThe authors sincerely appreciate Covenant University, Nigeria, for sponsoring this publication.

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SZCZEPAŃSKI, Grzegorz, and Aliaksandra SHMYK. "Testing ToF Sensors for Use in Obstacle Detection Systems." Problems of Mechatronics Armament Aviation Safety Engineering 13, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9066.

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ToF (Time of Flight) sensors have been gaining popularity in recent times as a cheap and accurate way to take distance measurements. They may prove to be a key component of obstacle detection systems in the near future. This paper presents a stepper motor system with two measurement modules containing ToF sensors. The results of distance measurements made with these modules relative to a flat surface for different sensor modes are presented. Standard deviations were determined for the measurement results and a polynomial fitting was performed using the linear least squares method. The results were used to select the sensor for further work in terms of its use in an obstacle detection system.

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8

Verger, P., Ph Hubert, S. Cheron, S. Bonnefous, S. Bottard, and J. Brenot. "Use of Field Measurements in Radon Mapping in France." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 56, no. 1-4 (December 1, 1994): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082458.

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Abstract Field measurement campaigns are necessary when identifying radon affected areas. The campaigns involve consideration effort. Nevertheless the straightforward use of the results might be misleading and statistical analysis proves to be necessary. This paper describes the work done on the data from French campaigns; about 1700 measurements coming from 15 departments (French administrative areas). The measurements were associated with a questionnaire designed to trace some of the factors that may influence radon concentration. Such factors (underground concentration of uranium and thorium, soil transfer, housing characteristics, life style of occupants, season) may interact in a complex manner and are not fully described by the parameters collected in the questionnaire (location of the village, building material of the house, age of the house, room designation and location, number of windows and doors, duration of heating during the measurement period, duration of the measurement, etc.). Various statistical models have been fitted in order to control these parameters when reconstructing standardised exposures. Two goals were followed. First the analysis aimed at reconstructing an average exposure after correcting for seasonal variations and type of room. This allows an estimate to be made of an actual exposure, given the actual houses. A further analysis was then designed to estimate a potential exposure, that is the exposure that would be experienced in a standard house located in the same places as actual houses. The first estimate is necessary in risk assessment and in identifying the need for remedial actions. The second estimate is more useful when addressing policies dealing with new houses or in comparing exposures with soil characteristics. Methods and results are presented and the advantages and limitations of field measurements are discussed.

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9

Hawryluk, Marek, Marek Kuran, and Jacek Ziemba. "The use of replicas in the measurement of machine elements with use of contact coordinate measurements." Mechanik 91, no. 11 (November 12, 2018): 958–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2018.11.169.

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Modern technology allows to design and manufacture machine elements with complex geometry that makes it difficult or even impossible to use coordinate measuring machines for verification of them. The article presents the possibility of using replicas of product geometry to control geometric features using contact measurements on a coordinate machine.

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10

Yedur, Sanjay K., and Kris A. Berglund. "Use of Fluorescence Spectroscopy in Concentration and Supersaturation Measurements in Citric Acid Solutions." Applied Spectroscopy 50, no. 7 (July 1996): 866–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702963905484.

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Measurement of supersaturation is of critical importance in the operation and control of crystallizers. In this work, we report a novel spectroscopic technique to achieve the measurement of concentration and supersaturation in crystallizing solutions. In order to develop a sensor for this measurement, citric acid is chosen as the model solute, and the analytical technique involves fluorescence spectroscopy. Citric acid is a common food-grade compound with a wide range of applications that is exclusively produced by crystallization. The fluorescent properties of a probe, 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonate (pyranine), are used to provide concentration measurements in aqueous citric acid solutions, thereby providing for supersaturation estimation. The change in the relative emission peak intensities of the probe in different solute concentrations gives an excellent calibration curve for concentration measurements. It is also shown that, although pyranine responds to both its solvent microenvironment and the pH of the solution, it is still possible to measure concentration and supersaturation by using this fluorescence technique.

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11

Cetinkaya, Murat. "Designing teaching materials for the use of alternative measurement and assessment activities in flipped classroom system." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 03, no. 07 (July 23, 2017): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v2i7.1984.

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12

Arenas, Mallén, and Rolando Rebolledo. "Can One Validly Use Classical Statistical Inference in Open Quantum Systems?" Open Systems & Information Dynamics 17, no. 04 (December 2010): 311–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1230161210000205.

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A major problem to perform statistical inference in open quantum systems is the perturbation induced by the measurement process. However, at least theoretically, a suitable choice of the measurement process could provide a consistent approach through classical stochastic processes. This work proposes a method to perform statistical inference on open quantum systems represented by quantum Markov semigroups having a suitable classical reduction. The method is based on measurements associated to observables generating invariant abelian algebras.

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13

M.Thakore, D., and Torana N. Kamble. "Use of Genetic Algorithm in Quality Measurement." International Journal of Computer Applications 60, no. 8 (December 18, 2012): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/9712-4177.

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14

Sadiqa, Ayesha, Farida Munawar, Rida Muzaffar, Maham Abid, Zunaira Asghar, and Nayab Fatima. "Use of PowerLab in Handgrip Force Measurement." Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan 29, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2019.03.297.

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15

Tiğrek, Şahnaz, C. Ersen Firat, and A. Metin Ger. "Use of Brink Depth in Discharge Measurement." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 134, no. 1 (February 2008): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(2008)134:1(89).

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16

Alach, Zhivan. "The use of performance measurement in universities." International Journal of Public Sector Management 30, no. 2 (March 6, 2017): 102–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-05-2016-0089.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the degree of maturity in performance measurement in a national group of universities. Design/methodology/approach A model for identifying the level of performance measurement maturity in an organisation was identified; this model consisted of seven constructs. A survey consisting of Likert-scale items derived from the maturity model was then administered to academic and administrative staff at New Zealand’s eight universities. Findings The survey showed a relatively high use of performance measurement (usage index 3.47/5), and strong alignment of strategy and performance measurement (strategy index 3.95/5). Research output measures were the most commonly used by academics, whereas measures relating to community service and third role activities were used least. Multiple significant differences between academics and administrators were identified, with the degree of support for performance measurement a particular area of contrast. The overall degree of performance measurement maturity identified was higher than found in similar studies utilising documentary methods. Originality/value Performance measurement in higher education is a controversial subject and there has been relatively little research into the basics of how, and how well, universities utilise the approach. This exploratory study helps fill the gap and provides a basis for more detailed research.

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17

Roberts, Bob. "Simple measurement modules for use in science." Electronic Systems News 1986, no. 3 (1986): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/esn.1986.0066.

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18

Jungman, Hannu, Jussi Okkonen, Tommi Rasila, and Marko Seppä. "Use of performance measurement in V2C activity." Benchmarking: An International Journal 11, no. 2 (April 2004): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635770410532606.

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19

García, Félix, Francisco Ruiz, Coral Calero, Manuel F. Bertoa, Antonio Vallecillo, Beatriz Mora, and Mario Piattini. "Effective use of ontologies in software measurement." Knowledge Engineering Review 24, no. 1 (March 2009): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888909000125.

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AbstractOntologies are frequently used in the context of software and technology engineering. These can be grouped into two main categories, depending on whether they are used to describe the knowledge of a domain (domain ontologies) or whether they are used as software artifacts in software development processes. This paper presents some experiences and lessons learnt from the effective use of an ontology for Software Measurement, called software measurement ontology (SMO). The SMO was developed some years ago as a result of a thorough analysis of the software measurement domain. Its use as a domain ontology is presented first, a description of how the SMO can serve as a conceptual basis for comparing international standards related to software measurement. Second, the paper describes several examples of the applications of SMO as a software artifact. In particular, we show how the SMO can be instantiated to define a data quality model for Web portals, and also how it can be used to define a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) for measuring software entities. These examples show the significant role that ontologies can play as software artifacts in the realm of model-driven engineering and domain-specific modeling.

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20

Kathryn Korkidakis, Ann, and Robert L. Reid. "Testosterone in Women: Measurement and Therapeutic Use." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 39, no. 3 (March 2017): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2017.01.006.

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21

Büchi, Moritz. "Measurement invariance in comparative Internet use research." Studies in Communication Sciences 16, no. 1 (2016): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scoms.2016.03.003.

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22

Fedotov, A. V., and A. N. Kompaneits. "Use of measurement heads in machining centers." Measurement Techniques 33, no. 9 (September 1990): 890–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00976561.

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23

Hubbard, Camden R., and Robert L. Snyder. "RIR - Measurement and Use in Quantitative XRD." Powder Diffraction 3, no. 2 (June 1988): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600013257.

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AbstractThe Reference Intensity Ratio (RIR) is a general, instrument-independent constant for use in quantitative phase analysis by the X-ray powder diffraction internal standard method. When the reference standard is corundum, RIR is known as I/Ic; These constants are collected in the Powder Diffraction File (1987), can be calculated, and can be measured. Recommended methods for accurate measurement of RIR constants are presented, and methods of using these constants for quantitative analysis are discussed. The numerous, complex constants in Copeland and Bragg's method introduced to account for superimposed lines can be simply expressed in terms of RIR constants and relative intensities. This formalism also permits introduction of constraints and supplemental equations based on elemental analysis.

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24

Lyons, John S., Purva Rawal, Irene Yeh, Scott C. Leon, and Peter Tracy. "Use of measurement audit in outcomes management." Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 29, no. 1 (February 2002): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02287834.

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25

Karczewski, Mirosław. "The use of 3D scanners in military technology." Mechanik 90, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2017.1.8.

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In the article is presented a method to identify geometry of military objects based on 3D scanning technology and photogrammetric processes. During the scanning process different types of markers and calibrated patterns of length, placed on the object are used. Results of measurements using three different methods: base points measurementare method, 3D scanning method and 3D scanning in conjunction with the measurement geometry characteristic points method.

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26

Nowak, Rafał, Romuald Orłowicz, and Radosław Rutkowski. "Use of TLS (LiDAR) for Building Diagnostics with the Example of a Historic Building in Karlino." Buildings 10, no. 2 (February 6, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10020024.

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This article presents the use of TLS (LiDAR) measurement for the evaluation of the technical conditions of a historic building. A FARO M70 laser scanner was used in the study. The measurements was taken as an RCP point cloud. The measurement allowed to partially determine the cause of the building damage. The performed measurement allows to propose a precise solution that could be pre-fabricated. The study shows the usefulness of TLS in building diagnostics. Improper measurement could lead to a wrong solution and a certain degree of uncertainty.

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27

Whittaker, A. R., M. Lucas, R. Carter, and K. Anderson. "Limitations in the use of median frequency for lung sound analysis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 214, no. 3 (March 1, 2000): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954411001535769.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate methods of standardizing lung sound analysis, with a view to supplementing traditional spirometric air flow measurements to help in the diagnosis of asthma and to provide a measure of the effectiveness of treatment. Lung sounds were measured in nine patients with asthma and five control subjects, alongside air flow measurements of forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). The patients were administered the broncho-dilator, salbutamol, to assess how effective these measurement techniques were for quantifying its effect. The results agree with previous studies, that analysis of lung sounds is a potentially useful tool for indicating air flow changes. The results, however, also demonstrate that the emerging standard of ‘F50’ or ‘median frequency’ should be treated with great caution because of its high sensitivity to the measurement frequency range. F50 is very unlikely to provide a reliable single indicator of lung condition.

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28

Wang, Yunpeng, and Zonglin Jiang. "Intelligent Force-Measurement System Use in Shock Tunnel." Sensors 20, no. 21 (October 30, 2020): 6179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216179.

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The inertial vibration of the force measurement system (FMS) has a large influence on the force measuring result of aircraft, especially on some tests carried out in high-enthalpy impulse facilities, such as in a shock tunnel. When force tests are conducted in a shock tunnel, the low-frequency vibrations of the FMS and its motion cannot be addressed through digital filtering because of the inertial forces, which are caused by the impact flow during the starting process of the shock tunnel. Therefore, this paper focuses on the dynamic characteristics of the performance of the FMS. A new method—i.e., deep-learning-based single-vector dynamic self-calibration (DL-based SV-DSC) of an impulse FMS, is proposed to increase the accuracy of aerodynamic force measurements in a shock tunnel. A deep-learning technique is used to train the dynamic model of the FMS in this study. Convolutional neural networks with a simple structure are applied to describe the dynamic modeling so that the low-frequency vibration signals are eliminated from the test results of the shock tunnel. By validation of the force test results measured in a shock tunnel, the current trained model can realize intelligent processing of the balance signals of the FMS. Based on this new method of dynamic calibration, the reliability and accuracy of force data processing are well verified.

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29

&NA;. "Antibacterial use in LRTIs, shift towards PCT measurement." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1270 (September 2009): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200912700-00004.

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30

Klinger, Evelyne, Choubeila Maaoui, Daniel Mestre, and Alain Pruski. "Emotions: Induction, measurement, and use in virtual environments." Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 43, no. 3 (March 30, 2009): 351–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/jesa.43.351-368.

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31

DAY, NANCY L., and NADINE ROBLES. "Methodological Issues in the Measurement of Substance Use." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 562, no. 1 Prenatal Abus (June 1989): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb21002.x.

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32

Juster, F. Thomas. "Response Errors in the Measurement of Time Use." Journal of the American Statistical Association 81, no. 394 (June 1986): 390–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1986.10478283.

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33

TAMAKI, Katsuaki, and Atsushi NAKAMURA. "Manufacturing graphene sensor for use in ion measurement." Proceedings of Conference of Tokai Branch 2017.66 (2017): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmetokai.2017.66.307.

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34

Eisenhut, Michael. "Procalcitonin Measurement to Reduce Antibiotic Use in Influenza." Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science 7, no. 4 (December 2009): 453–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/bsp.2009.0055.

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35

Petrin, A. A. "Virtual sensors for use in information measurement systems." Measurement Techniques 53, no. 9 (November 27, 2010): 964–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11018-010-9605-8.

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36

Dvornikov, A. G., and R. A. Mikheev. "Use of special surface directions in strain measurement." Measurement Techniques 32, no. 5 (May 1989): 442–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00866222.

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37

Wessling, A., and G. Bo�thius. "Measurement of drug use in a defined population." European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 39, no. 3 (September 1990): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00315097.

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38

Fendrich, Michael, Paul Goldstein, Chaim Tarshish, and Patricia A. Bellucci. "Longitudinal measurement of substance use in ethnographic samples." Journal of Community Psychology 20, no. 4 (October 1992): 326–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(199210)20:4<326::aid-jcop2290200407>3.0.co;2-z.

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39

Kelly, James H. "Use of Manometry in the Evaluation of Dysphagia." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 116, no. 3 (March 1997): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989770273-0.

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Measurement of manometric pressures in the upper gastrointestinal tract has been done for the past 40 years. Although extensive amounts of data have been compiled for the lower esophageal sphincter and the esophageal body, technical problems have limited the usefulness of measurements of the upper esophageal sphincter and the pharynx. Newer equipment and methods may solve these technical problems, but more normative data and more widespread use of these technologies must be obtained before manometry is clinically useful in the diagnosis of pharyngeal dysphagia.

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Li, Guoli, Jinsong Shen, Edward Smith, and Chetna Patel. "Development of a Manual Measurement Device for Measuring Hallux Valgus Angle in Patients with Hallux Valgus." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (July 26, 2022): 9108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159108.

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Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is one of the most common forefoot deformities, and its prevalence increases with age. HV has been associated with poor foot function, difficulty in fitting footwear and poor health-related quality of life. The aims of this study were to design and develop an easy-to-use measurement device for measuring hallux valgus angle (HVA) in patients with HV and to assess the measurement reliability of the newly designed measurement device. Methods: A manual measurement device for measuring HVA was designed and developed to test on patients with HV. Two measuring methods, i.e., test–retest and intra-observer measurements, were used to evaluate the repeatability and reliability of the newly designed measurement device. In the test–retest measurements, a total of 42 feet from 26 patients with HV were repeatedly measured by the same researcher using the manual measurement device every 3 weeks over a period of 12 months. The measurement reliability of the newly designed measurement device was analysed based on the collected HVA data. In the intra-observer measurements, a total of 22 feet from the same group of HV patients were measured by the same researcher using the manual measurement device and by a consultant using X-ray measurement for comparison. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine the correlation of measurements between the manual measurement device and X-ray measurement. Results: The mean of the difference between the two repeat measurements of HVA using the newly designed manual device was 0.62°, and the average of ICC was 0.995, which indicates excellent reliability. The ICC between X-ray and the average of twice-repeated manual measurements was 0.868, with 95% CI (0.649, 0.947) (p = 0.000). When the relationship in HVA between X-ray measurement and manual measurement using the new device was regressed as a linear relationship, the regression equation was y = 1.13x − 4.76 (R2 = 0.70). Conclusions: The newly designed measurement device is easy to use, with low-cost and excellent reliability for HVA measurement, with the potential for use in clinical practice.

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Collins, John F., Paul Shepherd, Thomas D. Durbin, James Lents, Joseph Norbeck, and Matthew Barth. "Measurements of In-Use Emissions from Modern Vehicles Using an On-Board Measurement System." Environmental Science & Technology 41, no. 18 (September 2007): 6554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0627850.

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42

Sattler, Pamela, and D. G. Fredlund. "Use of thermal conductivity sensors to measure matric suction in the laboratory." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 26, no. 3 (August 1, 1989): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t89-063.

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The measurement of soil suction is pivotal to the application of soil mechanics principles in geotechnical engineering practice related to unsaturated soils. Volume change, shear strength, and seepage analyses all require an understanding of the matric suction in the soil. This note summarizes the use of thermal conductivity sensors to measure matric suction in the laboratory. The thermal conductivity sensor is described along with its mode of operation. A brief description is given of the procedure for calibrating thermal conductivity sensors using a pressure plate apparatus. The measurement of matric suction can be performed in the laboratory on Shelby tube samples. The laboratory measurements of matric suction can be adjusted for the effect of overburden pressure in the field. The required equilibration time for suction measurements is discussed along with details of the test procedure. The applications of the measured suction values to design are briefly discussed.Key words: matric suction, negative pore-water pressure, thermal conductivity sensor, laboratory, undisturbed samples.

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43

Fuchs, J., A. Bockay, T. Liptak, V. Ledecky, and M. Kuricova. "Practical use of electromyography in veterinary medicine – A review." Veterinární Medicína 67, No. 3 (January 24, 2022): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/60/2021-vetmed.

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Electromyography (EMG) is a sophisticated electrodiagnostic-neurophysiological method, which serves to diagnose neuromuscular system diseases. It is based on the measurement of the electrical potentials created by the skeletal muscle activity. For this technique, surface electrodes and needle electrodes can be used, which read the action potential of a large number of motor units and read a small number of motor units, respectively. The wide-spectrum application of this method extends our diagnostic possibilities of the clinical examination in veterinary practice. Together with a clinical neurological examination and imaging methods, EMG forms a part of the diagnosis of nervous system diseases and it is a useful diagnostic technique for differentiating neuropathies, junctionopathies, and myopathies. The results of the neurophysiological examination inform us about the functional state of the peripheral and central nervous system; it can demonstrate subclinical diseases and monitor the dynamics of changes in the functional state of individual nervous systems over time. In this article, we review the electromyographic method and its use in veterinary practice.

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Kozarova, A., E. Minarikova, and T. Pappova. "Practical use of High-Resolution 20 MHz Ultrasonography in Dermatovenerology." Acta Medica Martiniana 16, no. 3 (December 1, 2016): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acm-2016-0014.

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Abstract High-frequency skin ultrasonography using Dermascan C, manufactured by Cortex Technology, is an important part of modern diagnostic procedure of various skin diseases. It has been used in dermatology since 1979, when it was first used for the measurement of cutaneous thickness. Ultrasonography is a universal, painless, low-risk and non-invasive procedure that can easily be performed and repeated. It provides real-time visual information about the processes in the skin. This technique has grown to become frequent imaging method in dermatology. Skin ultrasonography is usually applied in the assessment of skin tumours, inflammatory or fibrosing skin diseases. The main application of ultrasonography in dermatovenerology is a preoperative thickness measurement of malignant melanoma. There is an excellent correlation between ultrasonographic and histological measurements of melanomas thickness. Moreover, information about the lesion quality and the inner structure can be obtained. In this article authors present the possibility of using high-frequency 20 MHz ultrasonography in dermatovenerology.

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Reilly, Terrence W., and Louis G. Dawang. "A study of robust critical dimension measurement algorithm for use in differing scanning electron microscope configurations in the measurement of submicron semiconductor geometries." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 882–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100088725.

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Within semiconductor companies, there can be many different critical dimension (CD) measurement instruments. They could be optical, electrical, confocal laser, or scanning electron microscopes (SEM). Often times, they are not only different configurations, but different brands as well. There is a great need for a measurement algorithm that has the ability to deliver the same measurement between two machines. It is possible the development group within a semiconductor company would use an SEM with expanded capabilities when compared to the production group's SEM. If this is the case, the ability to use a measurement algorithm that is impervious to the influence different microscope designs have on the signal output used for measurement would enhance system matching. One would believe that two identical CD systems should produce nearly the same measurement. However, when two totally different systems are compared, only a robust algorithm would give good machine to machine matching of measurements.

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Maguire, Gerald A., and C. Nicholas Hales. "Use of Sodium Measurement as a Surrogate Volume Measurement in Unmetered-Blood Collection Devices." Clinical Chemistry 48, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 592–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/48.3.592.

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Terbizan, Donna J. "TEST AND MEASUREMENT: Body Composition Measurement: What Can We Use in the Conditioning Facility?" National Strength & Conditioning Association Journal 14, no. 6 (1992): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/0744-0049(1992)014<0030:bcmwcw>2.3.co;2.

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Dowsett, Amy, Dan O’Boy, Stephen Walsh, Ali Abolfathi, and Steve Fisher. "The prediction of measurement variability in an automotive application by the use of a coherence formulation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 232, no. 12 (October 24, 2017): 1694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017734768.

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Variability between nominally identical vehicles is an ever-present problem in automotive vehicle design. In this paper, it is shown that it is possible to quantify and, therefore, separate the measurement variability arising from a number of tests on an individual vehicle from the vehicle-to-vehicle variability arising from the manufacturing process with a series of controlled experiments. In this paper, coherence data is used to identify the measurement variability and, thus, to separate these two variability sources. In order to illustrate the methodology, a range of nominally identical automotive vehicles have been tested for NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) variability by exciting the engine mount with an impact hammer and measuring the excitation force and corresponding velocity responses at different points on the vehicle. Normalised standard deviations were calculated for the transfer mobility data, giving variability values of 25.3%, 33.5% and 37.3% for the responses taken at the suspension strut, upper A-pillar and B-pillar, respectively. The measurement variability was determined by taking repeat measurements on a single vehicle, and was found to be 2.9%. The measurement variability predicted by the coherence data on the multi-vehicle tests was compared with the directly taken repeat measurements taken on a single vehicle and these were shown to agree well with one another over the frequency range of interest.

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Chubb, John, Paul Holdstock, and Mick Dyer. "Predicting Maximum Surface Voltages on Inhabited Cleanroom Garments in Practical Use." Journal of the IEST 47, no. 2 (September 14, 2004): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.47.2.77539427u6621117.

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The paper describes how the maximum surface voltages on cleanroom garments in practical use can be predicted from measurements on local areas of garment fabric. The surface voltage arising when materials are rubbed depends upon the speed and pressure of the rubbing action and on two features of fabric performance: the time for charge dissipation and the capacitance experienced by surface charge. These two features can be easily measured on sample areas of garment fabrics using corona charging with measurement of the quantity of the transferred charge. The paper describes how these measurements are made and the results of studies carried out to establish the relationship between the performance of inhabited garments and measurements on fabrics.

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Farber, Daniel C., James K. DeOrio, and Maxwell W. Steel. "Goniometric Versus Computerized Angle Measurement in Assessing Hallux Valgus." Foot & Ankle International 26, no. 3 (March 2005): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110070502600309.

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Background: Digital workstations with high-resolution monitors are replacing standard radiographs for image evaluation and interpretation. Radiographic angles in the foot have been evaluated for interobserver and intraobserver reliability with plain films, but use of digital workstations has not been validated. Because the 1-2 intermetatarsal (IM) and hallux valgus (HV) angles help determine the most appropriate bunion procedure, the reliability of these measurements is important. Methods: The HV and 1-2 IM angles were evaluated on preoperative radiographs of 25 patients who subsequently underwent bunion procedures. A standardized technique using a film marker and goniometer on plain film was compared with use of a mouse and computerized angle measurement software at a digital workstation. Three foot and ankle surgeons conducted these measurements at various intervals. Completion of three readings of each radiograph in each format by each observer totaled 1,800 measurements. Results: Computerized measurement gave better overall reliability. For the HV angle, inter-observer agreement (measurements within 2 degrees) improved from 66% with plain films to 81% with the digital workstation (p < 0.001). Intraobserver agreement increased from 72% to 80%. The 1-2 IM angle was similarly reliable with both methods for inter- and intraobserver agreement. Conclusions: This study validates the use of computer-assisted angle measurement on digital radiographs for assessment of HV and 1-2 IM angles. Computerized measurement may result in more reliable readings because it eliminates the error inherent with use of a goniometer and facilitates adjustment of radiographic lines on the computer to ensure correct alignment.

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