Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'In-Situ fluorescence microscopy'
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Man, Hiu Mun. "Characterisation of enzymatic catalysis by microscopy and electrochemistry : application to H2/O2 bio-fuel cells." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/221207_MAN_82cby815lbx134rmsegm855nh_TH.pdf.
Full textEnzyme biofuel cells, which use enzymes to convert chemical energy into electricity, hold promise as one of the most promising alternative and clean energy resources. However, the immobilization of such enzymes on an electrode for efficient catalysis still raises many challenges. In order to access spatially resolved information, it is necessary to couple electrochemistry to other surface techniques. In this thesis, confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy was coupled with electrochemistry for the characterization of electro-enzymatic catalysis. The main reaction studied was the oxygen reduction reaction catalyzed by bilirubin oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria. This reaction involves a consumption of protons coupled with electron transfer. Using in situ analysis, the local pH variations that occur near the bioelectrode during the enzymatic catalysis are visualized thanks to a fluorophore whose emission depends on the pH, fluorescein. The activity of the enzyme was first probed by UV-vis spectroscopy and electrochemistry. We then showed that the intensity of the fluorescence recorded is directly proportional to the catalytic current. Profiles of proton depletion at the electrochemical interface in buffered and unbuffered electrolytes were reconstructed to determine the influence of ionic strength on the local environment of enzymes. Finally, the enzymes were labeled with fluorophores, making it possible to reveal the local heterogeneities of their interfacial distribution
Roussille, Ludovic. "Suivi quantitatif in situ d'interactions biomoléculaire par microscopie optique SEEC." Thesis, Le Mans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LEMA1030/document.
Full textThis thesis was supported by National Agency for Research with the project: ANR PNANO-07 SEEC. The Surface Enhanced Ellipsometric Contrast (SEEC) microscopy has invented in 2000 at Le Mans (France). This technique allows the visualization of nanoscopic object between crossed analyzer and polarizer. It’s possible if some special multilayer surfaces are used. There surfaces must have the particularity to not change the polarization of light during the reflection. Until the beginning of the project the SEEC microscopy was useful only for air observations. The goal of the thesis was to adapt this technique to observe on gold surfaces immerged in water and to compare the performance of the SEEC microscopy with Surface Plasmonique Resonance (SPR) in that configuration. The SPR is a biomolecular interaction study reference technique. SEEC microscopy lateral resolution was evaluate by fluorescence microscopy. Next, we realize two model experiments monitor in parallel by SEEC microscopy and by SPR: BSA immobilization and biotinylated IgG fixation by immobilized streptavidine. To compare measurements efficiently we did a huge preparation work (surface functionalizations and microfluidic) to have exactly same conditions in both techniques.Our results show SEEC microscopy cannot replace SPR for biomolecular interaction studies but it can be used as cheap immunological diagnostic technique. This work gives the path to follow on that direction
Ashok, Mahima. "Analysis of HER2 testing in breast cancer." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29711.
Full textCommittee Chair: Griffin, Paul; Committee Member: Butera, Robert; Committee Member: Halpern, Michael; Committee Member: Nichols, Richard; Committee Member: Vidakovic, Brani. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
Yara, Ricardo. "Localização in situ e caracterização molecular da bactéria endossimbionte de Pleurotus ostreatus." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-21082006-150238/.
Full textThe fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, which belongs to white rot basidiomycete group, is a widely cultivated mushroom; this species has high productivity and rusticity, besides its use in biobleaching and bioremediation processes. This biotechnological potential justifies microbial interaction studies between this fungi and others microorganisms. In P. ostreatus mycelia, it has been observed pleomorphic bacteria growing on agar media. This research describes several assays to confirm bacterial presence in this sample. Therefore, the full-cycle rRNA analysis (described for unculturable or fastidious microorganism), ultrastructure and basic microbiology approaches were employed. Basic microbiology approaches indicated slow growing bacteria, which grown faster near to fungi colonies in solid media amended with Tween 80 or Tween 20 (co-culture system). Ultrastructure studies confirm the presence of intracellular and extracellular pleomorphic bacteria. The full-cycle rRNA analysis started with 16S rDNA amplification and sequencing. This approach demonstrated a relation between these bacteria with Burkholderia cepacia complex. By bioinformatics analysis was determinate which DNA probes can be use to identified this bacterial group. The last step for full-cycle rRNA analysis was applying fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). This technique confirmed the relationship between 16S rDNA bacterial sequence and bacterial forms. This is the first time that a pleomorphic bacteria from B. cepacia complex is found associated with P. ostreatus.
Emad, Ahmed Anwar Hasanin. "Development and assessment of strategies for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis using fetal cells in maternal blood." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5855.
Full textGalanti, Agostino. "Multi-photochromic architectures : from structure to function." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAF046/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis has been to develop systems capable of responding to external stimuli, based on photochromic units. The goal of such a quest is to increase the complexity of devices and synthetic molecular machines. With the goal of developing more complex artificial devices and machines, we have realised systems containing multiple molecular switches. For the realisation of this thesis, new multi-photochromic systems, or photochromes/nanomaterials hybrids containing azobenzene, diarylethene or spiropyran moieties have been realised and studied. Firstly, we focused on multi-azobenzene systems capable of undergoing large geometric rearrangements during photoisomerisation, as they may be used in the future as constituent elements of host-guest or metal-organic frameworks controllable by luminous stimuli. In a second example, dithienylethene-type photochromic switches have been used to trigger the emission of a porphyrin. This dyad exhibited a reversible modulation of its emission, displaying a particularly highly contrasted response. As a final example, a spiropyran derivative has been combined with anisotropic gold nanoparticles. By inducing the isomerisation of the molecular switch in the AuNR colloidal liquid dispersions, we visualised a large variation of the colloid extinction spectrum, dependent on the LSPR mode wavelength and the spectral overlap with the photoswitch
Mongelard, Fabien. "Apport des approches in situ pour l'analyse du phénomène d'inactivation du chromosome X chez les mammifères." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10261.
Full textChen, X. "TAGGING BIOCONTROL STREPTOMYCES TO STUDY LETTUCE COLONIZATION." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/345187.
Full textPERRIN, CHRISTELE. "Methodologie pour l'analyse quantitative en imagerie microscopique conventionnelle et a fluorescence. Application a l'etude de la proliferation et de l'expression du recepteur a l'egf dans des cellules tumorales mammaires." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10198.
Full textKOMATSU, LUIZ G. H. "Estudo comparativo de nanocompósitos de polipropileno modificado sob condições de envelhecimento ambiental e acelerado." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2016. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/26380.
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Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Milhiet, Elodie. "Nanospectroscopie de molécules d’intérêt biologique." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112150.
Full textSingle-molecule-like spectroscopy plays a major role in many domains, from fundamental physics to biology. In this framework, my dissertation focuses on instrumental and theoretical developments of two biological-related applications. The first experiment aims at characterizing the dynamics of calcium binding by the fluorescent calcium probe Oregon-green Bapta5N commonly employed in cell signaling analysis. To achieve it, I have developed an experimental set-up of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy that exhibits sensitivity close to that of single-molecule detection. Either monophotonic or biphotonic excitations can be used. I have investigated the several aspects of the photophysics of the probe and evaluated the interest and limitations of such an approach for future in-vivo measurements. The second one is devoted to the development of a semi-quantitative Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization (FISH) technique for mapping gene expression in the adult drosophila brain. Two difficulties have to be solved. First, we succeeded in obtaining reproducible results with drosophila adult brain. Secondly, while most of the FISH protocols are not quantitative since they need a strong enzymatic, we achieved semi-quantitative detection of RNA probes. I will present results on a new approach for which enzymatic detection is replaced by a sensitive detection and a protocol which reduces autofluorescence contribution. Results will be presented for several genes in adult drosophila brain to validate the methods as well as an interesting application on a mental retardation disease. To conclude, I show that the method exhibits a single RNA sensitivity which opens the way to new applications
Monier, Karine. "Cartographie linéaire et tridimensionnelle du génome humain par hybridation in situ fluorescente et imagerie microscopique digitale." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE19013.
Full textXu, Meng. "Specialised transcription factories." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a41d3243-c233-491a-916b-4e329cace434.
Full textLefrançois, Pauline. "Développement d’un microréacteur biomimétique pour l'analyse in situ d'activités enzymatiques par couplage de l’électrochimie et de la microscopie de fluorescence." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0759/document.
Full textEnzymatic reactions are involved in many physiological phenomena in living organisms. These reactions are based on protons and electrons transfers and can lead to the production of by-products. Among them, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are of great interest as they play a double role: on the one hand by allowing the organism to react to a stress by the activation of signaling redox pathways, and on the other hand, ROS and RNS can cause oxidative damages to tissues ensuing dysfunctions in the organism. The high reactivity of such species induce their short lifetimes (ns-min) and leads to uncertainties when it comes to the study of some enzymatic reactions in bulk. This PhD project aims to develop a biomimetic microreactor for the study of enzymatic ac-tivities producing ROS/RNS. Indeed, by confining a reaction within a cell-sized compartment (20-100 μm diameter), the generated species (H2O2, NO•, NO2-) could be analyzed in situ with a quantita-tive and kinetic resolution. Giant unilamellar vesicles are formed in physiological conditions and are used as microreactors for the monitoring of enzymatic activities of glucose oxidase and NO-synthases. Fluorescence microscopy allows individual vesicle observation and the monitoring of reactions trig-gered by microinjection. Then, released species are detected in real-time by electrochemistry in order to decipher the diverse enzymatic pathways of NO-Synthases
Halary, Sébastien. "Etude des symbioses de mytilidés des écosystèmes marins profonds à base chimiosynthétique par des techniques de FISH, de microscopie et de traitement d'images." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066057.
Full textLeyva, Gutiérrez Alejandra. "Desarrollo de sondas acopladas a Quantum dots para analizar la localización subcelular del ARN genómico de VIH-1 mediante microscopía confocal." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/148975.
Full textLos mecanismos involucrados en el control post-transcripcional del ciclo replicativo del Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH), específicamente los eventos moleculares que permiten la interacción del ARN genómico (ARNg) viral con la maquinaria celular para su transporte, traducción o empaque dentro de la célula, aún no han sido completamente dilucidados. Actualmente existen diversas técnicas para el estudio de la localización sub-celular de ARNg, entre las que destaca RNA FISH (RNA Fluorescent in situ hybridization), método ampliamente utilizado para el estudio de la localización y cambios temporales de ARN y ribonucleoproteínas. Generalmente, en esta técnica se utilizan sondas acopladas a fluoróforos orgánicos que hibridan a regiones específicas para las que han sido diseñadas. No obstante, estas sondas presentan fotoblanqueamiento significativo, y un espectro de emisión amplio (50-100 nm), lo que limita su uso. Es por esto que surge la necesidad de recurrir a nuevas alternativas, tales como sondas acopladas a Quantum dots (QDs), los cuales en contraste con fluoróforos orgánicos poseen una vida fluorescente significativamente más larga, mayor fotoestabilidad y un amplio espectro de absorción. Considerando lo anterior, en el presente trabajo se propone la construcción de sondas específicas asociadas a QDs compuestos de Cadmio-Telurio recubiertos por Glutatión (QDs CdTe- GSH) que reconocen la región pBSK-GagPol como matriz para la transcripción in vitro, obteniendo así fragmentos de ARN, los cuales fueron desfosforilados en su extremo 5', para luego incorporarles en su lugar un fosfato γ unido a un grupo sulfhidrilo (SH). De esta forma, los transcritos de ARN fueron capaces de unirse a QDs CdTe-GSH a través de enlaces disulfuro. Generando así sondas de ARN xiii acoplada a QDs CdTe-GSH capaces de unirse al ARNg de VIH-1 en presencia y ausencia de la proteína Rev,la cual actúa como un regulador clave en el control post-transcripcional de la expresión génica viral, actuando principalmente en los procesos de exportación nuclear y traducción. De manera que en estas condiciones fue posible validar a través de experimentos de RNA FISH, el ingreso citoplasmático y nuclear de la sonda de ARN acoplada a QDs CdTe-GSH, además de una interacción específica con el ARN genómico de VIH-1. Este hecho representa la prueba de concepto de que es posible generar una sonda acoplada a QDs específica contra el ARN genómico de VIH-1, permitiendo el estudio de la expresión génica del virus, lo que también abre nuevas posibilidades para el estudio de VIH-2 u otros tipos de virus.
The mechanisms involved in the post-transcriptional control of the replicative cycle of the Human Immudeficiency Virus (HIV), specifically the molecular events allowing the interaction between the viral genomic RNA (gRNA) and the cellular machinery for the transport, translation or packaging, have not been elucidated yet. Currently, the study of localization and temporary changes of RNA and ribonucleoproteins relies mainly on RNA FISH (RNA Fluorescent in situ hybridization)-based strategies. RNA FISH uses specific hybridization probes coupled to organic fluorophores. However, these fluorescent molecules commonly present limiting characteristics such as significant photobleaching and a wide emission spectrum (50-100 nm). Therefore, a considerable demand arises for new alternatives, such as probed coupled to Quantum dots (QDs), which in contrast to organic fluorophores, exhibit longer fluorescence lifetime, higher photostability and broad absorption spectra. Considering previous facts, the aim of this work was to develop specific probes coupled to glutathione-capped cadmium-telluride quantum dots (QDs CdTe-GSH), able of recognizing and associate with the Gag-Pol region present on the HIV-1 genomic RNA (gRNA). Thus, in order to achieve this objective, the vector pBSK-GagPol was used as a template for in vitro transcription of Gag-Pol complementary RNA, which was fragmented and dephosphorylated at the 5' end, with the purpose to incorporate a γ phosphate coupled to a sulfhydryl group (SH) instead. Then, the SH-containing RNA fragments were attached to QDs CdTe-GSH by a disulfide bond. As a result, we generated single-stranded RNA probes coupled to QDs CdTe-GSH capable of hybridizing to HIV-1 gRNA in the presence and absence of the viral protein Rev, which acts as a key regulator of the post-transcriptional control of viral gene expression acting mainly during nuclear export and translation. Thereby, under these conditions, we validated the cytoplasmic and nuclear entrance of the probe coupled to Qds CdTe-GSH, and specific interaction between the probe and gRNA of HIV-1. This fact represents the proof of concept that it is possible to generate RNA probes coupled to QDs CdTe-GSH to study genetic expression of HIV-1, and also opens up new opportunities for the study of HIV-2 or other virus types.
Triffaux, Eleonore. "Interfacial study of a sensing platform for MDM2, based on the self-assembly of a p53 peptide on a gold electrode." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/217746.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Spiluttini, Béatrice. "Interaction du snARN U1 de l'épissage avec l'ARN polymérase II." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814598.
Full textZhang, William. "Novel Applications of Super-Resolution Microscopy in Molecular Biology and Medical Diagnostics." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-8710-0.
Full text歐偉仁. "Studies of Medulloblastoma and Neuroblastoma by Immunohistochemical Stains, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Transmission Electron Microscopy." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97748585143207376477.
Full text國防醫學院
病理及寄生蟲學研究所
85
Medulloblastoma and neuroblastoma are both nervous system malignant tumors of children. The medulloblastomas arises mainly in vermis of cerebellum and fourth ventricle, most seen in children of 3 to 5 years old. Instable gait, headache and vomitting are main symptoms clinically. The mudelloblastoma would obstruct the tract of cerebro-spinal fluid flow, so it cause obstructive hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure(IICP); even cause lower back pain, weakness and numbness of lower limbs due to spinal metastasis. Operational resection with Co-60(gamma ray) radiotherapy are main treatments. Neuroblastoma arises from neural crest, so it can be found in sympathetic chain from neck to pelvis, or adrenal medulla. Most of them are found as abdominal tumor when bathing. Neck is another common location. The tumor is highly malignant, but it would undergo as more benign histological patterns, even disappear. Operational resection combined with chemotherapy or linear accelerator(X-ray) are main threaternt methods. There are many studies in other malignant tumors about the relations between prognosis and immunohistochemical marker stains, oncoprotein, DNA index by flow fytometry, gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) and ultrastructures by electrical microscopy. But medulloblastoma and nruroblastoma are not common, prediction of prognostic factors is necessary. We studied the medulloblastoma(6 cases)and neuroblastoma(7 cases) retrospectly from 1988 till 1996 in Tri-Service General Hospital. These formalin-fixed, paraffinnembedded blocks are preserved in the Department of Pathology. The experimental results showed: In medulloblastoma, higher stages have smaller survival rate and time. In T2 stage patients, arrangements of survival time is M0>M3>M1>M2. Younger than 2 years old and female patients have better 5-year survival rate. We arrange the DNA index with ascending type. Middle ranges of DNA index have longer survival time and higher PCNA index, but peaks of both them are not compatible, higher PCNA index is related with shorter survival time. Vascular index has the ascending tendency with DNA index, lower vascular index has higher PCNA index. We found 2 patients are young men, accompanied with extensive intramedullary metastasis, they died 29 and 21 months later seperately. In neuroblastoma, patients younger than 2 years old have better survival rate. We arrange the DNA index with ascending type. Middle ranges of DNA index have shorter survival time, curves of vascular index are similar to survival curve. Middle ranges of DNA index have higher PCNA index, patients with higher PCNA index have shorter survival time. We observed neuroblastoma cell line IMR-32 by transmission electron microscope and found numerous microvilli and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Many free ribosomes were also found. Some dense vehicles in nucleoli indicated active synthetic function. And the outlook of the cultured cells presented long-spindle shape.
Freeman, Kim Renee. "In situ three-dimensional reconstruction of mouse heart sympathetic innervation by two-photon excitation fluorescence imaging." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4030.
Full textThe sympathetic nervous system strongly modulates the contractile and electrical function of the heart. The anatomical underpinnings that enable a spatially and temporally coordinated dissemination of sympathetic signals within the cardiac tissue are only incompletely characterized. In this work we took the first step of unraveling the in situ 3D microarchitecture of the cardiac sympathetic nervous system. Using a combination of two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy and computer-assisted image analyses, we reconstructed the sympathetic network in a portion of the left ventricular epicardium from adult transgenic mice expressing a fluorescent reporter protein in all peripheral sympathetic neurons. The reconstruction revealed several organizational principles of the local sympathetic tree that synergize to enable a coordinated and efficient signal transfer to the target tissue. First, synaptic boutons are aligned with high density along much of axon-cell contacts. Second, axon segments are oriented parallel to the main, i.e., longitudinal, axes of their apposed cardiomyocytes, optimizing the frequency of transmitter release sites per axon/per cardiomyocyte. Third, the local network was partitioned into branched and/or looped sub-trees which extended both radially and tangentially through the image volume. Fourth, sub-trees arrange to not much overlap, giving rise to multiple annexed innervation domains of variable complexity and configuration. The sympathetic network in the epicardial border zone of a chronic myocardial infarction was observed to undergo substantive remodeling, which included almost complete loss of fibers at depths >10 µm from the surface, spatially heterogeneous gain of axons, irregularly shaped synaptic boutons, and formation of axonal plexuses composed of nested loops of variable length. In conclusion, we provide, to the best of our knowledge, the first in situ 3D reconstruction of the local cardiac sympathetic network in normal and injured mammalian myocardium. Mapping the sympathetic network connectivity will aid in elucidating its role in sympathetic signal transmisson and processing.
Lin, Wei-Yu, and 林瑋諭. "Relative quantification of hsa-miR-10b from hepatocellular carcinoma cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with highly inclined and laminated optical sheet microscopy, and separation of chromosomes by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82325003382738868092.
Full text東海大學
化學系
104
In this study, using the molecular beacon for microRNA hsa-miR-10b hybridization in cells, and improving the sensitivity by Highly inclined and laminated optical sheet (HILO) microscopy. We could distinguish the expression of hsa-miR-10b from different images of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. These results are in agreement with the reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), overcoming the problems from miscarriage of low concentrations (< 100 fM). Finally, we simultaneously detect hsa-miR-10b and U6 snRNA by two different molecular beacon and multiple sources. We are able to relative quantification of hsa-miR-10b from hepatocellular carcinoma cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with HILO microscopy. The method does not need any extraction step and sequence replication. It could be applied to detect and stage of cancer by analyzing expression of microRNA from different images. The second part is focus on the separation of chromosomes by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence. We are able to make the cells remain in metaphase by treating colcemid. Observing on the microscope and injecting a single-cell into the capillary by siphon injector way. Then, using Lysis Buffer digest the cell membrane and separate chromosomes. We could clearly observe a single chromosome on image by ultrasonic vibration the cells of fixing in methanol with acetic acid. We are able to labeled chromosome 1 by fluorescent probe. We hope that we could separate chromosomes and nuclear debris in the future, so that we can accurately analyze specific chromosome by electrophoresis.
Asiaei, Sasan. "Microfluidic-Based In-Situ Functionalization for Detection of Proteins in Heterogeneous Immunoassays." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7211.
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