Books: 'In-Kind Economy'

1

Sustaining the new economy: Work, family, and community in the information age. New York, N.Y: Russell Sage Foundation, 2000.

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2

ʻAwaḍ, Maṭarīyah, ed. Cash versus in-kind assistance: Statistical study of a household survey in Palestine. Ramallah: Palestine Economic Policy Research Institute, MAS, 2009.

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3

Currie, Janet M. Transfers in cash and in kind: Theory meets the data. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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4

Andrea, Cornia Giovanni, Sipos Sándor, and UNICEF, eds. Children and the transition to the market economy: Safety nets and social policies in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot, Hants, England: Avebury, 1991.

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5

Feldman, Lawrence H. Indian payment in kind: The sixteenth-century encomiendas of Guatemala. Culver City, Calif: Labyrinthos, 1992.

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6

Some kind of paradise: A chronicle of man and the land in Florida. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998.

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7

Derr, Mark. Some kind of paradise: A chronicle of man and the land in Florida. New York: W. Morrow, 1989.

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8

Hughes, A. V. A different kind of voyage.: Development and dependence in the Pacific Islands : a paper. Port-Vila, Vanuatu: ESCAP/POC United Nations ESCAP Pacific Operations Centre, 1997.

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9

Asian Development Bank. Office of Pacific Operations., ed. A different kind of voyage: Development and dependence in the Pacific Islands. [Manila]: The Office, 1998.

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10

Nigro, Giampiero, ed. La moda come motore economico: innovazione di processo e prodotto, nuove strategie commerciali, comportamento dei consumatori / Fashion as an economic engine: process and product innovation, commercial strategies, consumer behavior. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-565-3.

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The study of the textile sector has always been central to economic history: from reconstructions of the dynamic growth in the medieval wool industry, to the rise of silk and light and mixed fabrics in the modern era, to the driving role of cotton in the industrialisation process. Although the dynamics of textile manufacturing are closely linked to the transformations of fashion, economic history has long neglected its role as a factor in economic change, treating it primarily as a kind of exogenous catalyst. This book makes a decisive contribution to the understanding of a fundamental transformation, the consequences of which are projected into contemporary society, but which matured in pre-industrial times: the advent of fashion.

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11

Ismailov, Nariman. Globalism and ecophilosophy of the future. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1212905.

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From the point of view of the new science of globalism, the problems of the ecological, socio-economic state of the world and countries are considered through the prism of the interaction of the human psyche and society and the inhabited world. The criteria of ecological civilization of countries and peoples are justified. Optimizing the consumption of natural bio-and energy resources is becoming a fundamental environmental factor for sustainable development. The "Law of the maximum for humanity" as the law of the biosphere can be the arbitration court, the neutral force that will explain the historical need for mutual understanding, taking into account the interests of ecology and economy for the survival of man as a biovid on Earth; a new reality will begin to form — the phenomenon of co-residence of the world society with the biosphere. The world's population, its energy and bio-consumption, as well as all living matter on the planet, must correspond to the biological capacity of the Earth and not go beyond its boundaries. The task of the society is to implement a worldview breakthrough at the current stage of development, its own cultural mutation, which in the future will create the basis for adaptive technological and socio-cultural development. The task is to classify the entire Earth as a "Green Book" and to solve systemic environmental problems of a global nature. An integral part of sustainable development should be the principle of "vital consumption" at both the personal and social level, instead of the dominant principle of"expanded production and consumption". The indicator of the" culture of consumption "of natural resources, both at the individual level and at the level of society, should be included as an integral part of the integral indicator in the "True Indicator of Progress" and the "Human Development Index". The book is interdisciplinary in nature; it is a kind of scientific and philosophical poetic essay intended for teachers and students of universities in the field of sociology, ecology, biology and related fields, as well as for everyone who cares about the future of society.

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12

Capital As A Social Kind Definitions And Transformations In The Critique Of Political Economy. Routledge, 2010.

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13

Engelskirchen, Howard. Capital As a Social Kind: Definitions and Transformations in the Critique of Political Economy. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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14

Engelskirchen, Howard. Capital As a Social Kind: Definitions and Transformations in the Critique of Political Economy. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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15

Engelskirchen, Howard. Capital As a Social Kind: Definitions and Transformations in the Critique of Political Economy. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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16

Engelskirchen, Howard. Capital As a Social Kind: Definitions and Transformations in the Critique of Political Economy. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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17

Engelskirchen, Howard. Capital As a Social Kind: Definitions and Transformations in the Critique of Political Economy. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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18

Engelskirchen, Howard. Capital As a Social Kind: Definitions and Transformations in the Critique of Political Economy. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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19

Engelskirchen, Howard. Capital As a Social Kind: Definitions and Transformations in the Critique of Political Economy. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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20

Cassano, Graham. New Kind of Public: Community, Solidarity, and Political Economy in New Deal Cinema, 1935-1948. Haymarket Books, 2016.

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21

New Kind of Public: Community, Solidarity, and Political Economy in New Deal Cinema, 1935-1948. BRILL, 2014.

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22

Cassano, Graham. New Kind of Public: Community, Solidarity, and Political Economy in New Deal Cinema, 1935-1948. BRILL, 2014.

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23

Siklos, Pierre L. When Finance and the Real Economy Collide. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190228835.003.0002.

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There exist potential conflicts between the processing speed of financial markets and the persistence of macroeconomic variables that dictate the conduct of monetary policy. Maintaining financial stability can require fast thinking, while monetary policy decisions involve slow thinking. A financial stability motive, buttressed by a macroprudential regime, is not enough. Financial stability adds complexity to institutional design that policymakers have yet to face up to. Central banks today are uncomfortable about whether to surprise financial markets. There are more examples of central banks failing unintentionally, surprising the financial markets, than of successful interventions of this kind. Trade-offs between monetary policy and financial stability suggest that conventional pre-crisis responses to economic shocks make it less desirable to resort to changes in central bank policy rates. Are policy rate increases especially too blunt an instrument to deal with a threat to financial instability? Possibly less than we think.

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24

Velupillai, K. Vela. The Epistemology of Simulation, Computation, and Dynamics in Economics. Edited by Shu-Heng Chen, Mak Kaboudan, and Ye-Rong Du. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199844371.013.46.

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In this chapter the spirit of William Petty is the driving force, but it is given new theoret- ical foundations, mainly as a result of developments in the mathematic underpinnings of the tremendous developments in the potentials of computing, especially using digital technology. Computation and simulation have always played a role in economics, whether it be pure economic theory or any variant of applied economics. This tradition can be traced to the vision of Petty, the founding father of political economy as political arithmetic. A running theme is that, increasingly, the development of economic theory seems to go hand in hand with advances in the theory and practice of computing, which is, in turn, a catalyst for the move away from overreliance on any kind of mathematics for the formalization of economic entities that is inconsistent with the mathematical, philosophical, and epistemological foundations of the digital computer.

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25

Ocampo, José Antonio, Anis Chowdhury, and Diana Alarcón, eds. The World Economy through the Lens of the United Nations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817345.001.0001.

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This volume documents the intellectual influence of the United Nations through its flagship publication, the World Economic and Social Survey (WESS) on its seventieth anniversary. Prepared at the Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) and first published in 1948 as the World Economic Report (subsequently renamed the WESS), it is the oldest continuous post-World War II publication of this kind, recording and analysing the performance of the global economy and social development trends, and offering relevant policy recommendations. This volume highlights how well WESS has tracked global economic and social conditions, and how its analyses have influenced and have been influenced by the prevailing discourse over the past seven decades. The volume critically reflects on its policy recommendations and their influence on actual policymaking and the shaping of the world economy. Although world economic and social conditions have changed significantly over the past seven decades and so have the policy recommendations of the Survey, some of its earlier recommendations remain relevant today; recommendations in WESS provided seven decades ago seem remarkably pertinent as the world currently struggles to regain high levels of employment and economic activity. Thus, in many ways, WESS was ahead of the curve on many substantive issues. Publication of this volume will enhance the interest of the wider community of policymakers, academics, development practitioners, and members of civil society in the analytical work of the UN in general and UN-DESA in particular.

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26

Loud, G. A. Labour Services and Peasant Obligations in Twelfth- and Thirteenth-Century Southern Italy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777601.003.0016.

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The south Italian agrarian economy in the central Middle Ages was based upon a system in which lords leased lands to peasants in return for rent, and largely upon the mezzadria—rents in kind of a proportion of the crops. Under such a system issues such as serfdom were largely irrelevant. However, this chapter calls attention to instances in southern Italy, and especially in the Campania region, where labour services were still exacted, often in addition to rents in kind or cash, and asks what these may tell us about the structure of the countryside and the status of south Italian peasants.

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27

Anheier, Helmut K., and Theodor Baums, eds. Advances in Corporate Governance. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198866367.001.0001.

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The governance of the modern corporation is broadly understood as the mechanisms, relations, and processes for balancing the interests of stakeholders. It spells out the rules and procedures for decision-making, accountability and transparency, and distributional rights. Corporate governance thus provides the framework in which corporate objectives are set, the means of attaining them, the kind of performance monitoring required, and by whom. In the aftermath of the global financial crisis and large-scale corporate failures, the issue of corporate governance has repeatedly received the attention of policy-makers and the wider public. Extending the study of corporate governance beyond that of listed corporations sheds new light on the overall performance of corporations in market economies. These include small and medium-sized corporations, non-profit organisations and philanthropic foundations, public corporations and public–private partnerships, social enterprises and cooperatives, international organisations, and corporations in cyberspace. A decade after the massive failures in the governance of financial corporations, and with continued governance failures in other parts of the economy since then, this volume takes stock and asks: what has been the performance of corporate governance regimes, and have regulatory changes and corporate governance codes made a difference? What are the strengths and weaknesses of current corporate governance systems and codes? How do corporate forms differ in their governance performance, and what have been the experiences across countries? And, finally, what implications for understanding governance behaviour and for policy-makers and regulators come to mind?

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28

Cloete, Nico, Johann Mouton, and Charles M. Sheppard. Doctoral Education in South Africa. African Minds, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47622/9781928331001.

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Worldwide, in Africa and in South Africa, the importance of the doctorate has increased disproportionately in relation to its share of the overall graduate output over the past decade. This heightened attention has not only been concerned with the traditional role of the PhD, namely the provision of future academics; rather, it has focused on the increasingly important role that higher education - and, particularly, high-level skills - is perceived to play in national development and the knowledge economy. This book is unique in the area of research into doctoral studies because it draws on a large number of studies conducted by the Centre of Higher Education Trust (CHET) and the Centre for Research on Evaluation, Science and Technology (CREST), as well as on studies from the rest of Africa and the world. In addition to the historical studies, new quantitative and qualitative research was undertaken to produce the evidence base for the analyses presented in the book.The findings presented in Doctoral Education in South Africa pose anew at least six tough policy questions that the country has struggled with since 1994, and continues to struggle with, if it wishes to gear up the system to meet the target of 5 000 new doctorates a year by 2030. Discourses framed around the single imperatives of growth, efficiency, transformation or quality will not, however, generate the kind of policy discourses required to resolve these tough policy questions effectively. What is needed is a change in approach that accommodates multiple imperatives and allows for these to be addressed simultaneously.

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29

New Kind of Development in Africa. Unknown Publisher, 2019.

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30

Bain, William. The Pluralist–Solidarist Debate in the English School. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.342.

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In his 1966 essay, “The Grotian Conception of International Society,” Hedley Bull distinguishes between two conceptions of international society: pluralism and solidarism. The central assumption of solidarism is “the solidarity, or potential solidarity, of the states comprising international society, with respect to the enforcement of the law.” In contrast, pluralism claims that “states do not exhibit solidarity of this kind, but are capable of agreeing only for certain minimum purposes which fall short of that of the enforcement of the law.” Bull’s formulation of pluralism and solidarism, and the way he set the two concepts against one another, exerted a profound influence on subsequent English School scholarship and sparked the pluralist–solidarist debate. This debate revolves around theorizing different kinds of order, in particular international and world order. The English School used the language of “pluralism” and “solidarism” to address the legitimacy of humanitarian intervention. After the issue of humanitarian intervention was pushed down the list of scholarly priorities, pluralism and solidarism sparked renewed interest from scholars such as Barry Buzan, Andrew Linklater and Hidemi Suganami, William Bain, and Andrew Hurrell. Despite the debates triggered by the pluralist–solidarist debate, the vocabulary of pluralism and solidarism is a promising means of tackling questions and issues that are undertheorized or largely neglected in English School theory, including those relating to the place of sub- and supranational entities in international society, the meaning and scope of world order, and the significance of international political economy in theorizing different kinds of order.

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31

(Editor), Philip D. Oxhorn, and Graciela Ducatenzeiler (Editor), eds. What Kind of Democracy? What Kind of Market?: Latin America in the Age of Neoliberalism. Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999.

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32

Philip, Oxhorn, and Ducatenzeiler Graciela, eds. What kind of democracy? What kind of market?: Latin America in the age of neoliberalism. University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1998.

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33

(Editor), Philip D. Oxhorn, and Graciela Ducatenzeiler (Editor), eds. What Kind of Democracy? What Kind of Market?: Latin America in the Age of Neoliberalism. Pennsylvania State University Press, 1998.

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34

Schmidt, Vivien A. Varieties of Capitalism. Edited by Robert Elgie, Emiliano Grossman, and Amy G. Mazur. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199669691.013.27.

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This chapter reviews the “varieties of capitalism” (VOC) literature on comparative political economy alongside the development of French political economy scholarship and the evolution of Western capitalism through this body of work. It shows that, although France has a distinct kind of capitalism from other Western countries, particularly in this period of crisis, and that French scholars have used the “French touch” to assess political economy issues through the lens of discourse/“référentiel,” ideas, and institutions, the French case has been incorporated in comparative VOC theory-building. Indeed, the French model is under the same global economic challenges and is enmeshed in Europeanization, like other capitalist economies. Today, the lines between comparative VOC and French work have become more fuzzy, as French scholars increasingly include insights from recent VOC scholarship into their own work and have simultaneously influenced this newer comparative work.

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35

Fraenkel, Ernst. The Economic Background of the Dual State. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198716204.003.0009.

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This chapter analyzes the German economy in the late 1930s and explores the extent to which it was capitalist. The chapter begins by stating that it is essential to discuss certain economic aspects of the German system under the National-Socialists in order to understand some fundamental problems of that time. Only against an economic background can we understand why it was that the state in Germany was neither completely “prerogative” nor completely “normative” but rather “dual.” The kind and the degree of historical “necessity” involved in the emergence of the dual state in Germany needs to be analyzed and understood. For it is in the dual state that the starting point toward a solution of the much debated problem could hopefully be found. The chapter asks: was the German economic system capitalistic or non-capitalistic?

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36

Sustaining the New Economy: Work, Family, and Community in the Information Age (Russell Sage Foundation Books). Harvard University Press, 2002.

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37

Rajadhyaksha, Ashish. 2. Late colonial India. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198723097.003.0002.

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Between 1920 and 1931 India saw its first boom in indigenous film production. Indian cinema was clearly set to take-off, but where to? Both the boom in production, as well as the kind of money flowing into studios and into movie theatres, sent deeply conflicting messages. India’s movie economy found itself, not for the first time, speaking for a larger economic sector of which it would be both a symbol and an anomaly. ‘Late colonial India’ outlines colonial ambitions for Indian cinema; the Lahore Anarkali effect on the Mughal epic; the reform of the industry with the introduction of sound in 1931; and the impact of the Second World War on Indian film-making.

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38

Bhagat, Rabi S. Economic and Political Geography. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190241490.003.0002.

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The development of the BRIC economies is being monitored on a regular basis by financial markets worldwide. This chapter discusses some of the reasons for their emergence and continued growth and the challenges they face. Next, it considers the third-largest economy, Japan, and the five Asian dragons, which grew at a phenomenal rate after World War II. It discusses “reactive modernization”—a path of fostering economic growth by negotiating with the ruling Western economies. Japan and South Korea are two classic examples of this kind of growth, where a hybrid of Western industrialization was combined with Eastern methods of operating. A closer inspection of the trading economies in the World Trade Organization would reveal that a growing number of them are from non-Western nations, and they play important roles in shaping the paths that globalizations need to follow in the new economic and political geography of the world.

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39

Sue, Faulkner, ed. The Things we give: A critical look at donations in kind. Geneva: Henry Dunant Institute, 1989.

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40

Toporowski, Jan. Interest and Capital. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816232.001.0001.

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The book puts together Kalecki’s published fragments on monetary theory and policy to show his distinctive approach to money and its circulation in the capitalist economy. In Kalecki’s theory money has both an industrial and financial circulation. Corporate finance takes its place at the centre of monetary considerations because it is the money of capitalists that is the autonomous determinant of expenditure in the economy. The theory has important implications for the rate of interest, which is not related to the rate of profit, nor to the kind of portfolio adjustments necessary to maintain portfolio equilibrium, but to the kind of financing that may prevail in any given phase of the business cycle. Fiscal policy then has the function of transferring money from financial circulation into circulation in the real economy, while monetary policy serves to maintain financial stability and ease government expenditure and debt management. The book offers a critical comparison of Kalecki’s monetary thinking with Keynesian and Post-Keynesian monetary theory, as well as recent central banking. Kalecki’s critique of the international monetary arrangements proposed by Keynes and White at Bretton Woods casts new light on the international monetary imbalances that have since disrupted the international economy. The greater importance of debt management revealed in Kalecki’s monetary analysis makes it particularly relevant to the policy dilemmas of developing countries and governments facing high levels of debt following the Covid-19 pandemic.

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41

Ackerly, Brooke A. The Rights Kind of Politics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662936.003.0008.

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Just responsibility is a way of taking responsibility for all forms of global injustice (not just women’s human rights) and to all people, even those who consider themselves removed from the politics of global injustice (though they want to be engaged). Chapter 7 applies the theory to taking responsibility through the enactment of roles in the political economy—those of consumer, donor, worker, and activist—and beyond. It summarizes the view of political community, accountability, and leadership essential to transformative politics. Just responsibility is more than a normative theory of human rights principles. It is also a normative political theory of how to carry out those principles not only in the practices proscribed by our roles in the political economy, but also in imaginative practices that defy the boundaries of those roles in order to transform the political economy. Just responsibility is a human rights theory of global justice.

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42

Guo, Weiting. A Different Kind of War. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040801.003.0003.

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In this chapter, Weiting Guo examines the history of extralegal executions in modern China. From the mid-nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century, China witnessed the largest number of summary executions annually in its history. The extensive use of this extraordinary procedure in conjunction with the regular public executions by political regimes, local officials, and militia had considerable influence on modern Chinese legal culture. Drawing on a wide range of archival sources, Guo challenges the view that the prevalence of summary execution constituted merely instances of “lawlessness” and “abuses” of punishment. Guo argues by contrast that the approach of judicial economy, the competition between central and local governments, the continued trend of local militarization, and the ideology of popular justice all contributed to the “sanctioned” practice of summary execution. Moreover, Guo asserts that after the late 1830s, the practice of summary execution transformed from merely “expediency” in judicial procedure to extensive “exclusion” of local roughs or subversives that were perceived as evil or worthless.

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43

Popadyuk, Tatyana, Saidkhror Gulyamov, and Sharafutdin Khashimkhodzhaev, eds. IX INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “MANAGERIAL SCIENCES IN THE MODERN WORLD”. EurAsian Scientific Editions, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56948/zajh8343.

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On 9 November 2021, 9th International Scientific-Practical Conference “Managerial Sciences in the Modern World” was opened. This year, the event took place in the online format because of the strained epidemiological situation. A total of about 450 specialists took part in the conference. “Managerial Sciences” has already become a kind of brand, with more than half a dozen different round table discussions, sections”, said Arkady Trachuk, Dean of the Faculty “Higher School of Management” at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, who moderated the plenary session. He said that the 2021 conference participants included representatives from Latvia, Republic of Fiji, Kuwait, India, Uzbekistan, and Russia. Russia was represented by seven regions: Moscow and Moscow Region, Bryansk-, Tver-, Saratov-, Arkhangelsk regions, Republic of Tatarstan and Krasnodar Territory. Delegates from 25 universities, including 6 foreign higher educational establishments, took part in the sections’ work. The central event of the first day of the conference was a plenary session during which presentations were delivered by representatives of Germany, Slovenia, Uzbekistan and Russia. The plenary session was opened by Arkady Trachuk. His presentation focused on the goals of introducing digital technologies in the Russian industry. The speaker presented the results of the research implemented by a team of scholars from the Department of Management and Innovation at the Faculty “Higher School of Management”. Alexander Brem, Head of Technological Entrepreneurship and Digitalisation at Stifterverband Consulting Company funded by Daimler Foundation (Germany), talked about artificial intelligence as an innovation management technology. The expert is convinced that artificial intelligence will become the core technology to drive the technological development in the 21st century. Jörg Geisler, head of Finance and Risk Management at S-Kreditpartner GmbH, expert on consumer lending at savings banks (Germany), dwelled on an important subject – “Risk management at times of digital innovation” by the example of the banking industry. Samo Bobek, Dean of the Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB) at the University of Maribor, Professor of e-business and information management (Slovenia), delivered a presentation on “Digital transformation impact on business models”. His presentation dealt with digital transformation of business models. Azizjon Bobojonov, Head of International Project Office, Associate Professor of the Department “Digital Economy and Information Technologies” at Tashkent State University of Economics (Republic of Uzbekistan), talked in his presentation “Reinventing the services in the digital age” about new discoveries in the service industry in the epoch of digital transformation. The plenary session was followed by thematic sessions in the following areas: • Change management and leadership • Business strategies and sustainable development • International management and business • Theoretical issues of management • Theory and practice of project management • Corporate governance and corporate social responsibility • Operations and business process management • Strategic financial management • Public sector management and efficiency problems • Major cities and urban agglomerations management • Real sector investment management • Crisis and business continuity management • Systems analysis in management • Knowledge and talent management • Sports digitalisation management • Digital marketing and marketing communications • Shaping innovation strategy in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution.

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44

Eva Maich, Katherine, Jamie K. McCallum, and Ari Grant-Sasson. Time’s Up! Shorter Hours, Public Policy, and Time Flexibility as an Antidote to Youth Unemployment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190685898.003.0011.

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This chapter explores the relationship between hours of work and unemployment. When it comes to time spent working in the United States at present, two problems immediately come to light. First, an asymmetrical distribution of working time persists, with some people overworked and others underemployed. Second, hours are increasingly unstable; precarious on-call work scheduling and gig economy–style employment relationships are the canaries in the coal mine of a labor market that produces fewer and fewer stable jobs. It is possible that some kind of shorter hours movement, especially one that places an emphasis on young workers, has the potential to address these problems. Some policies and processes are already in place to transition into a shorter hours economy right now even if those possibilities are mediated by an anti-worker political administration.

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45

Carico, Aaron. Black Market. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469655581.001.0001.

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On the eve of the Civil War, the estimated value of the U.S. enslaved population exceeded $3 billion--triple that of investments nationwide in factories, railroads, and banks combined, and worth more even than the South's lucrative farmland. Not only an object to be traded and used, the slave was also a kind of currency, a form of value that anchored the market itself. And this value was not destroyed in the war. Slavery still structured social relations and cultural production in the United States more than a century after it was formally abolished. As Aaron Carico reveals in Black Market, slavery’s engine of capital accumulation was preserved and transformed, and the slave commodity survived emancipation. Through both archival research and lucid readings of literature, art, and law, from the plight of the Fourteenth Amendment to the myth of the cowboy, Carico breaks open the icons of liberalism to expose the shaping influence of slavery's political economy in America after 1865. Ultimately, Black Market shows how a radically incomplete and fundamentally failed abolition enabled the emergence of a modern nation-state, in which slavery still determined--and now goes on to determine--economic, political, and cultural life.

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46

Child, John. China and International Business. Edited by Alan M. Rugman. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199234257.003.0023.

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This article discusses China's growing role in international business. It begins by describing developments in the country's inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI) and the forms adopted for such investment. China is both a host environment and active player in the international economy which has become both hugely significant, and which poses new challenges for international business analysis. It continues by considering the kind of environment that China presents for international business, one in which the state continues to be closely involved. The last section turns to the implications China has for international business analysis, concerning the role of national institutions, the strategies available to foreign investing firms for coping with environmental complexity, and issues posed by its patterns of outward FDI.

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47

Sugden, Robert. The Community of Advantage. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825142.001.0001.

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Normative analysis in economics has usually aimed at satisfying individuals’ preferences. Its conclusions have supported a long-standing liberal tradition of economics that values economic freedom and views markets favourably. However, behavioural research shows that individuals’ preferences, as revealed in choices, are often unstable, and vary according to contextual factors that seem irrelevant for welfare. The Community of Advantage proposes a reformulation of normative economics that is compatible with what is now known about the psychology of choice. Other such reformulations have assumed that people have well-defined ‘latent’ preferences which, because of psychologically-induced errors, are not always revealed in actual choices. According to these reformulations, the economist’s job is to reconstruct latent preferences and to design policies to satisfy them. The argument of this book is that latent preference and error are psychologically ungrounded concepts, and that economics needs to be more radical in giving up rationality assumptions. The book advocates a kind of normative economics that does not use the concept of preference. Its recommendations are addressed, not to an imagined ‘social planner’, but to citizens, viewed as potential parties to mutually beneficial agreements. Its normative criterion is the provision of opportunities for individuals to participate in voluntary transactions. Using this approach, many of the normative conclusions of the liberal tradition are reconstructed. It is argued that a well-functioning market economy is an institution that individuals have reason to value, whether or not their preferences satisfy conventional axioms of rationality, and that individuals’ motivations in such an economy can be cooperative rather than self-interested.

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Wynn, Mark. Renewing our Understanding of Religion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198738909.003.0006.

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This chapter argues that a renewed understanding of religion can contribute to a renewal in the philosophy of religion. In pursuing this line of argument, it is useful to retrieve an older conception of religion, which has receded from view in recent discussion. On this conception, religious commitment is not fundamentally a matter of belief, from which various practices then flow, nor fundamentally a matter of practice, from which various creedal commitments then flow. Instead it is an amalgam of belief and practice, of the kind that is required for the pursuit of distinctively spiritual goods. A philosophy of religion that is rooted in this conception of religion can deepen our appreciation of religion’s role in the wider economy of human life, and help us to identify new varieties of spiritual good, so contributing, potentially, to the development of new forms of religious and spiritual practice.

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Heikkurinen, Pasi, and Toni Ruuska, eds. Sustainability Beyond Technology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864929.001.0001.

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Current debates on sustainability are largely building on a problematic assumption that increasing technology use and advancement are a desired phenomenon, creating positive change in human organizations. This kind of techno-optimism prevails particularly in the discourses of ecological modernization and green growth, as well as in the attempts to design sustainable modes of production and consumption within growth-driven capitalism. This transdisciplinary book investigates the philosophical underpinnings of technology, presents a culturally sensitive critique of technology, and outlines feasible alternatives for sustainability beyond technology. By examining the conflicts and contradictions between technology and sustainability in human organizations, the book develops a novel way to conceptualize, confront and change technology in modern society. The book draws on a variety of scholarly disciplines, including humanities (philosophy and environmental history), social sciences (ecological economics, political economy, and ecology) and natural sciences (geology and thermodynamics) to contribute to sustainability theory and policy.

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Cheeseman, Nic, Karuti Kanyinga, and Gabrielle Lynch, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Kenyan Politics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198815693.001.0001.

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Kenya is one of the most politically dynamic and influential countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Today, it is known in equal measure as a country that has experienced great highs and tragic lows. In the 1960s and 1970s, Kenya was seen as a success story of development in the periphery, and also led the way in terms of democratic breakthroughs in 2010, when a new Constitution devolved power and placed new constraints on the president. However, the country has also made international headlines for the kind of political instability that occurs when electoral violence is expressed along ethnic lines, such as during the “Kenya crisis” of 2007/2008, when over 1,000 people lost their lives and almost 700,000 were displaced. This Handbook explains these developments and many more, drawing together 50 specially commissioned chapters by leading researchers. The chapters address a range of essential topics, including the legacy of colonial rule, ethnicity, land politics, devolution, the Constitution, elections, democracy, foreign aid, the informal economy, civil society, human rights, the International Criminal Court, the rise of China, economic policy, electoral violence, and the impact of mobile-phone technology. In addition to covering some of the most important debates about Kenyan politics, the volume provides a comprehensive overview of Kenyan history from 1930 to the present day, and features a set of chapters that review the impact of devolution on regional politics in every part of the country.

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Books on the topic 'In-Kind Economy'

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