Relevant bibliographies by topics / In concreto review

Academic literature on the topic 'In concreto review'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 July 2024
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "In concreto review":

1

Muñoz Pérez, Sócrates Pedro, Jose Daniel Vidaurre Valdera, James Smith Asenjo Bustamante, and Robert Gavidia Paredes. "USO DEL CAUCHO DE NEUMÁTICOS TRITURADOS Y APLICADOS AL CONCRETO: UNA REVISIÓN LITERARIA." Revista de Investigación Talentos 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33789/talentos.8.1.142.

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Los avances en la tecnología del concreto conducen a la búsqueda de materiales alternativos que brinden mejoras en las propiedades del concreto y al mismo tiempo colaboren con reducir la contaminación del medio ambiente. En este artículo se revisará las investigaciones publicadas en revistas científicas indexadas en la base de datos Scopus y SciencieDirect, que tienen como objetivo estudiar el uso del caucho de neumáticos triturados para la producción de concretos en general. Se discutirá las metodologías y técnicas de trituración de las partículas de los neumáticos, así como también se destacará los avances realizados con la incorporación de material en el concreto, centrándose en las propiedades del concreto modificado con caucho de neumáticos. En conclusión, se discutirán las recomendaciones para las futuras investigaciones y la aplicación del caucho de neumático en el concreto.
2

Fernandes, B., R. Christ, U. Quinino, and B. Tutikian. "Análisis de concretos con no conformidades: efectos de larga duración." Revista ALCONPAT 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21041/ra.v6i3.154.

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Análisis de concretos con no conformidades: efectos de larga duración RESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo contribuir al análisis del concreto en casos de incumplimiento normativo, centrado en los efectos a largo plazo. Se llevó a cabo una encuesta entre los participantes en el análisis de no conformidades: evolución de la resistencia a la compresión, variabilidad de los resultados y criterios de aceptación. Complementariamente, se presenta un caso de estudio de un hormigón en incumplimiento utilizado en una estructura mixta (pilares metálicos rellenos) que mostró una resistencia a 28 días menor que la especificada. Teniendo en cuenta los efectos a largo plazo, se observó una ganancia de resistencia nominal por encima de los límites reglamentarios. Este análisis, junto con una revisión del proyecto y una inspección minuciosa puede ayudar en la toma de decisiones en casos de hormigón en incumplimiento.Palabras clave: incumplimiento; ganancia de resistencia; seguridad estructural. Analysis of non-conformity concrete: long time effectsABSTRACTThe paper aims to contribute to the analysis of non-conformity concrete, focusing on long time effects. A review of compressive strength evolution, results variability and acceptance criteria was made. In addition, it is presented a case study of a nonconforming concrete used in composite structures (concrete-filled steel columns) that present 28-day strength below the specified. Considering long time effects, a nominal strength gain above the limits considered in technical standards was observed. This analysis, associated with a revision of the structural design and a carefully assessment, could help decision taking in case of non-conformity concretes.Keywords: non-conforming; strength gain; structural safety. Análise de concretos com não conformidades: efeitos de longa duração RESUMOO presente artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para a análise de concretos com não conformidades, com foco nos efeitos de longa duração. Foi realizado um levantamento dos intervenientes na análise de não conformidades: evolução da resistência à compressão, a variabilidade dos resultados e critérios de aceitação do concreto. De forma complementar, é apresentado o estudo de caso de concretos não conformes empregados em estrutura mista (pilares metálicos preenchidos) que apresentaram resistências abaixo do especificado aos 28 dias. Considerando os efeitos de longa duração, um ganho de resistência nominal acima dos limites normativos foi observado. Esta análise, aliada a uma revisão do projeto e a uma inspeção criteriosa, pode auxiliar na tomada de decisão em casos de concretos não conformes.Palavras-chave: não conformidade; crescimento de resistência; segurança estrutural.
3

Zirión Quijano, Antonio. "Camus, Husserl y el gusto por lo concreto." Investigaciones Fenomenológicas, no. 6 (February 22, 2021): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rif.6.2015.29853.

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Este ensayo forma parte del intento, anunciado en otros trabajos, por acercar el pensamiento del absurdo y la rebelión del escritor argelino Albert Camus a la fenomenología husserliana. Como primer paso indispensable para conseguir dicho acercamiento, se lleva a cabo una revisión crítica de la descalificación que el mismo Camus hace de Husserl y de la fenomenología en su libro El mito de Sísifo. Además de cuestionar el sentido y los términos de la descalificación camusiana, y en particular la anacrónica acusación a Husserl de dar un “salto” a la Razón eterna, se pone de relieve cómo puede encontrarse en la fenomenología —que siempre fue fenomenología de la vida concreta— ese “gusto por lo concreto, el sentido de la condición humana”, que Camus echaba de menos en ella.This essay is part of the attempt, announced in other places, to bring the thought of the absurd and the rebellion of the Algerian writer Albert Camus closer to Husserlian phenomenology. As a first and unavoidable step to achieve this rapprochement, a critical review is made of the disqualification that Camus makes of Husserl and of phenomenology in his book The Myth of Sysiphus. Besides questioning the sense and the terms of Camus’ disqualification, and particularly his anachronistic accusation to Husserl of making a “leap” into eternal Reason, it is outlined how can be found in phenomenology —which always was a phenomenology of concrete life—the very “taste for the concrete, the sense of human condition”, that Camus missed in it.
4

Amor, Monica. "Displaced Boundaries: Geometric Abstraction from Pictures to Objects." ARTMargins 3, no. 2 (June 2014): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artm_r_00083.

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This review concerns Osbel Suarez, Cold America: Geometric Abstraction in Latin America (1934–1973), an exhibition presented by the Fundación Juan March in Madrid, Feb 11–May 15, 2011 and Alejandro Crispiani's book Objetos para transformar el mundo: Trayectorias del arte concreto-invención, Argentina y Chile, 1940–1970 [Objects to Transform the World: Trajectories of Concrete-Invention Art, Argentina and Chile, 1940–1970] (Buenos Aires: Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 2011). The review briefly assesses the state of the literature on Latin American Geometric Abstractio and analyzes these two publications from 2011, which stand precisely for traditional approaches and new developments in the field.
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Kurniawan, Efendik, Ahmad Heru Romadhon, Indri Ayu Kusumawardani, Zakaria Zakaria, and Akhmad Rudi Iswono. "Formulasi Kebijakan Concreto in Abstracto UU ITE." Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) 9, no. 1 (May 31, 2020): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmhu.2020.v09.i01.p05.

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The focus of this research study aims to reaffirm the contents of article 45 paragraph (5) of the ITE Law related to complain offenses which are considered confusing in providing clear definitions and obscurity of legal certainty which can hinder the law enforcement process for justice seekers if there is a dispute in cyberspace. This type of research is normative legal research, descriptive using deductive reasoning. From the results of the discussion, this study shows that the complaint offense listed in the ITE Law which is abstract in nature is blurred if the complaint does not have a more concrete explanation of the meaning of the complaint. So that the Judicial Review needs to review the contents of the article. Policy formulation UU ITE No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions which was last amended by Act No. 19 of 2016 specifically with the interaction of social change and changes in law today address alignments on the one hand in the interests of a group. Fokus dalam studi penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menegaskan kembali isi pasal 45 ayat (5) UU ITE terkait dengan delik aduan yang dirasa membingungkan dalam memberikan definisi yang jelas serta terkaburnya sebuah kepastian hukum yang dapat menghambat proses penegakkan keadilan hokum bagi pencari keadilan apabila ada sengketa di ruang cyber space. Tipe Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, deskriptif dengan mengunakan penalaran deduktif. Dari hasil pembahasan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa delik aduan yang tercantum dalam UU ITE yang bersifat abstrak menjadi kabur apabila delik aduan ini tidak mempunyai penjelasan yang lebih konkrit dari arti delik aduan tersebut. Sehingga dirasa perlu Judicial Review mengkaji lagi muatan pasal tersebut. Formulasi kebijakan UU ITE No. 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik yang terakhir diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 khususnya dengan interaksi perubahan sosial dan perubahan hukum dewasa ini menujukan keberpihakan pada satu sisi dalam kepentingan suatu golongan.
6

Carvalho, Yuri Mariano, and Laura Ferreira Velasco. "Bamboo ashes as an eco-friendly alternative to cement - a systematic review." ForScience 9, no. 2 (July 27, 2021): e00889. http://dx.doi.org/10.29069/forscience.2021v9n2.e889.

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Cement production impacts the environment from raw materials extraction to its industrialized production. Implementing supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) to replace cement is an economical and sustainable practice. Agricultural wastes, for example, represent a new source of SCM studied over the last decades, mainly due to its high generation around the world. Among the published review papers about agro-waste in civil construction, bamboo ashes (BA) appear secondary in large-scale studies. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate BA potential use in the construction industry as cement replacement by identifying their behavior in cementitious compounds and discovering the research gaps about this topic. We overviewed the published literature about concrete made with BA, synthesizing data about BA chemical composition and mechanical and physical characteristics of cementitious materials made with these ashes. We identified a preference for bamboo leaves ashes as SCM, potentially due to its high silica amount. However, other biological and environmental parameters that alter the bamboo chemical composition were not discussed in the papers. Concerning compressive strength, 90% of the studies with BA reported cementitious materials with a strength activity index acceptable for use. This review also identified an optimal percentage of cement replacement with BA ranging from 8% to 12% in concrete specimens. Concrete and mortar with BA also showed a lower density than the reference samples made only with cement. We concluded that BA are promising alternatives to replace cement since they provide desirable mechanical and physical characteristics to concrete and meet sustainability requirements. Besides that, we raised some topics that may guide future researches: (1) the natural and artificial parameters that affect BA composition; (2) BA chemical and physical behavior under microscopical conditions in cementitious composites; and (3) the economic advantages associated with replacing cement with BA. Keywords: Cement substitutes. Addition. Artificial pozzolan. Sustainability. Supplementary cementitious materials. Cinzas de bambu como alternativa eco-amigável ao cimento - uma revisão sistemática Resumo A produção de cimento impacta o meio ambiente desde a extração de matérias-primas até sua produção industrializada, o que reforça a demanda por materiais cimentícios suplementares (MCS) para substituir, mesmo que parcialmente, o uso do cimento. Os resíduos agrícolas, por exemplo, são um bom exemplo de MCS estudado nas últimas décadas, principalmente devido à sua alta geração em todo o mundo. Dentre os artigos de revisão publicados sobre o uso de resíduos agrícolas na construção civil, as cinzas de bambu figuram apenas como subtópico em estudos maiores. Logo, esse trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial do uso de cinzas de bambu na indústria da construção civil como substituinte parcial ao cimento identificando seu comportamento em compostos cimentícios e sugerindo temas para pesquisas futuras. Esta revisão sistemática fornece uma visão geral da literatura publicada sobre argamassas e concretos feito com cinzas de bambu, sintetizando dados sobre a composição química dessas cinzas e as características mecânicas e físicas dos materiais cimentícios feitos com elas. Identificou-se uma preferência pelo uso de cinzas de bambu advindas da calcinação das folhas dessa planta, potencialmente devido ao seu alto teor de sílica. No entanto, existem parâmetros biológicos e ambientais que alteram a composição química do bambu e que não são discutidos pelos artigos. Quanto à resistência, 90% dos estudos que empregaram cinzas de bambu reportaram à resistência compressão admissível para uso em construções. Levantou-se, também, que a porcentagem ideal de substituição de cimento por cinzas de bambu varia de 8% a 12% em amostras de concreto. Os materiais cimentícios com cinzas de bambu também apresentaram densidade menor que a das amostras de referência feitas apenas com cimento. Conclui-se pelo estudo que as cinzas de bambu são alternativas promissoras para substituir parcialmente o cimento visto que elas proporcionam boas características mecânicas e físicas ao concreto e atendem a demandas sustentáveis. Além disso, foram levantadas lacunas na literatura que podem guiar futuras pesquisas, quais sejam: (1) os parâmetros naturais e artificiais que afetam a composição química das cinzas de bambu; (2) o comportamento químico e físico de cinzas de bambu em compósitos cimentícios sob condições microscópicas; e (3) as vantagens econômicas associadas a substituir parcialmente cimento por cinzas de bambu. Palavras-chave: Substitutos do cimento. Adição. Pozolana artificial. Sustentabilidade. Materiais cimentícios suplementares.
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Gómez Fochs, Rafael, Fernando Antonio Piazza Recena, and Isaac Newton Lima da Silva. "Review: métodos experimentais de dosagem de concreto autoadensável (CAA) desenvolvidos no Brasil." Revista Liberato 14, no. 21 (2013): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.31514/rliberato.2013v14n21.p99.

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Correa, Guilherme Alves, Isadora Paczek, Igor Silveira, Leonardo Azevedo Massulo, and Daniele Martins. "Realcalinização eletroquímica de estruturas de concreto armado carbonatadas: revisão bibliográfica / Electrochemical re-alkalination of carbonated reinforced concrete structures: a literature review." Brazilian Journal of Development 8, no. 5 (May 2, 2022): 32788–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n5-011.

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Leite, Brenda Lima, Livian Mariane Coelho dos Santos, and Adriano Fernandes Ferreira. "CAÇA DAS BALEIAS NA ANTÁRTICA: ANÁLISE DO CASO AUSTRÁLIA VS. JAPÃO, NOVA ZELÂNDIA INTERVENIENTE - CORTE INTERNACIONAL DE JUSTIÇA." Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação 8, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 405–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51891/rease.v8i8.6561.

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O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o caso concreto Caça de Baleias na Antártica cuja demanda foi apresentada perante a Corte Internacional de Justiça pela Austrália em face do Japão e que teve a Nova Zelândia como interveniente. O trabalho traz breve introdução acerca do surgimento da legislação internacional de proteção às baleias, os fatos do caso concreto e analisa sinteticamente os pontos demandados pela Austrália perante a Corte e os pontos que a Corte utilizou no julgamento final. Ademais, aponta-se a metodologia utilizada pela CIJ neste caso, qual seja o critério de revisão (standard of review), bem como os aspectos principais dos votos dissidentes e do voto separado do Juiz Cançado Trindade. Ao final, o artigo traz uma análise crítica da decisão da CIJ neste caso emblemático, tal como insights acerca da importância dos cetáceos no ecossistema marinho e sua condição como bem jurídico de titularidade difusa.
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Silva, Maria Eduarda de Almeida, Elzelis Muller Da Silva, Danielly da Silva Quaresma, Lucas Mateus Coelho Nunes, Inaray de Sousa Passos, Débora Reis Cordeiro, Ágata Maise de Jesus Caldas, and Maria Eduarda Assunção Ogorodnik. "Patologias no concreto armado em elementos de projetos estruturais: uma revisão / Pathologies in reinforced concrete in elements of structural projects: a review." Brazilian Journal of Development 8, no. 6 (June 3, 2022): 43522–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n6-067.

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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'In concreto review' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "In concreto review":

1

Victoroff, Alexandre. "Le contrôle de proportionnalité : analyse de l'émergence d'un contrôle concret de la hiérarchie des normes par le juge judiciaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PA100007.

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Expression des plus polysémiques, le contrôle de proportionnalité a trouvé un sens de plus pour désigner la nouvelle modalité du contrôle de conventionnalité dont se sont saisis les juges français depuis une dizaine d’années, dans un mouvement enclenché par un arrêt de la 1re Chambre civile de la Cour de cassation du 4 décembre 2013. Le temps passé et la réflexion rendent possible, au moyen d’une meilleure compréhension de l’outil, de tirer un bilan et d’entrevoir des perspectives sur ce contrôle concret du respect de la hiérarchie des normes. Il apparaît à même de remplir de nombreuses fonctions. Promouvant l’effectivité des droits fondamentaux, il aide à la conciliation entre la régulation des comportements par la loi et les droits des individus, réalisant une individualisation sans individualisme. Permettant au juge national de se saisir de la marge nationale d’appréciation, il participe à la réalisation de l’harmonie entre le droit national et l’influence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’Homme. Soumettant la loi à un contrôle poussé et factuel, il en renforce la vigueur en lui redonnant sa majesté, puisqu’elle n’est plus tenue de prévoir explicitement des cas exceptionnels. Ces fonctions peuvent se développer sur un large terrain, car le contrôle concret du respect de la hiérarchie des normes ne peut pas, de manière convaincante, être limité à certains droits fondamentaux ou à certaines sources. En revanche, la nature même de l’outil fait qu’il n’a d’utilité que lorsque le texte appliqué dans la situation contrôlée présente un fort degré d’impérativité, n’étant à même de modifier l’issue du procès que lorsque le juge est présent pour appliquer un texte qui le guide précisément. Quoique le domaine du contrôle soit large, la menace qu’il ferait peser sur la stabilité du droit est limitée. En effet, son caractère concret, faisant qu’il ne permet d’analyser que des situations uniques, vient limiter drastiquement l’aptitude de ce contrôle, prioritairement réalisé par le juge du fond, à faire jurisprudence. De plus, là où il est craint que le contrôle entraîne une insupportable imprédictibilité du processus judiciaire en donnant au juge le pouvoir de statuer en équité, il apparaît que le contrôle dévoile plus qu’il ne cause ces maux. En les dévoilant, il permet au contraire d’en prendre la mesure et de les limiter. La compréhension de la nature et des implications du contrôle concret du respect de la hiérarchie des normes permet de voir qu’il n’est pas hors de contrôle, mais rend possible de parvenir à des décisions équitables sans que le juge ne statue en équité, par l’application des normes de valeur supérieure au cas d’espèce lorsque la loi faillit. Ces éléments conduisent, dans une perspective de promotion de l’effectivité des droits fondamentaux, à défendre le contrôle de proportionnalité sans crainte quant aux autres objectifs de la Justice
Proportionality test, a highly polysemous expression, has taken on a new meaning to designate the new form of conventionality review that French judges have been using for the past ten years, in a movement set in motion by a decision of the 1st Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation on 4th December 2013. The time that has elapsed and the thought that has gone into it make it possible, by means of a better understanding of the tool, to take stock and glimpse the prospects for this concrete control of compliance with the hierarchy of norms.It seems capable of fulfilling many functions. By promoting the effectiveness of fundamental rights, it helps to reconcile the regulation of behaviour by law with individual rights. By allowing national courts to make use of the national margin of appreciation, it promotes harmony between national law and the influence of the European Court of Human Rights. By subjecting the law to detailed and factual scrutiny, it strengthens its force by restoring its majesty, since it is no longer required to make explicit provision for exceptional cases.These functions can be developed over a wide area since the concrete control of compliance with the hierarchy of norms cannot convincingly be limited to certain fundamental rights or certain sources. On the other hand, the very nature of the tool means that it is useful only when the text applied in the situation under review has a high degree of imperative force, being capable of modifying the outcome of the case only when the judge is present to apply a text that guides him precisely.Although the scope of the control is broad, the threat it poses to the stability of the law is limited. Indeed, its concrete nature, which means that it can only analyse unique situations, drastically limits the ability of this review, which is primarily carried out by the trial judge, to set precedents. Moreover, where it is feared that control will lead to an unbearable unpredictability of the judicial process by giving the judge the power to rule in equity, it appears that it reveals rather than causes these ills. On the contrary, by revealing them, it makes it possible to measure and limit them. An understanding of the nature and implications of the concrete control of compliance with the hierarchy of norms shows that it is not beyond control, but makes it possible to reach equitable decisions without the judge ruling in equity, by applying norms of higher value to the case in question when the law fails.From the point of view of promoting the effectiveness of fundamental rights, these factors make it possible to defend proportionality review without fear as regards the other objectives of Justice
2

Hove, Grandeur Tofara. "Critical literature review on concrete crack repairs." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29244.

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This dissertation focuses on an in-depth review of literature on concrete crack repairs. Deterioration of concrete affects both the aesthetics and the integrity of structures. As a result, there is need to repair such defects in order to restore the aesthetics and the integrity of concrete structures. This research discusses concrete crack repairs taking into consideration the mechanisms resulting in concrete cracking, techniques to determine concrete cracking, practices for prevention of concrete cracking and concrete crack repair techniques. Causes of cracking include alkali silica reactions (ASR), steel reinforcement corrosion, shrinkage, thermal variations, foundation movements, soil settlement, vegetation effects and cracking related to earthquale effects. Non-destructive and destructive techniques to determine conrete cracking shall be discussed. Destructive techniques usually involve core drilling of samples whilst non-destructive techniques include visual inspections, ultrasonic pulse velocity test, acoustic emission, spectral analysis of surface waves, modal analysis, petrographic analysis and infrared thermography. Several concrete crack repair techniques are to be discussed such as epoxy injection, routing and sealing, near surface reinforcement, additional reinforcement, gravity filling, grouting, dry packing, crack arrest, polymer impregnation, overlay and surface treatments, crack filling, crack sealing, blanketing, stitching and external stressing. These techniques are applied differently depending on the nature and cause of the concrete cracks. Further discussions will be on various case studies around the world on concrete crack repair which demonstrate the application of various concrete crack repair techniques to different types of concrete cracking scenarios. The case studies also highlight recent developments in technology, repair materials, application fields for various techniques and limitations to concrete crack repair. Some of the case studies discussed include concrete crack repair due to ASR damage on transport infrastructure in USA, ASR effects and crack repairs on a two storey building in California (USA), ASR effects and crack repairs to concrete structures in Hokuriku District in Japan, ASR effects and crack repairs to a gravity dam in India, crack repairs at Buttermarket Shopping Center due to shrinkage cracking and concrete crack repairs in Cheshire due to thermal effects.
3

Zhang, Wei, Q. Zheng, Ashraf F. Ashour, and B. Han. "Self-healing concrete composites for sustainable infrastructures: a review." Elsevier, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17947.

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Yes
Cracks in concrete composites, whether autogenous or loading-initiated, are almost inevitable and often difficult to detect and repair, posing a threat to safety and durability of concrete infrastructures, especially for those with strict sealing requirements. The sustainable development of infrastructures calls for the birth of self-healing concrete composites, which has the built-in ability to autonomously repair narrow cracks. This paper reviews the fabrication, characterization, mechanisms and performances of autogenous and autonomous healing concretes. Autogenous healing materials such as mineral admixtures, fibers, nanofillers and curing agents, as well as autonomous healing methods such as electrodeposition, shape memory alloys, capsules, vascular and microbial technologies, have been proven to be effective to partially or even fully repair small cracks. As a result, the mechanical properties and durability of concrete infrastructure can be restored to some extent. However, autonomous healing techniques have shown a better performance in healing cracks than most of autogenous healing methods that are limited to healing of cracks having a narrower width than 150 µm. Self-healing concrete with biomimetic features, such as self-healing concrete based on shape memory alloys, capsules, vascular networks or bacteria, is a frontier subject in the field of material science. Self-healing technology provides concrete infrastructures with the ability to adapt and respond to the environment, exhibiting a great potential to facilitate the creation of a wide variety of smart materials and intelligent structures.
The full-text of this article will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 16 May 2021.
4

Sichko, Alexander Sichko. "Review and Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Member Retrofit Methods." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu15006558558915.

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5

Loria-Salazar, Luis Guillermo. "Reflective cracking of flexible pavements literature review, analysis models,and testing methods /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1453593.

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6

De, Wit Annelies. "Behaviour and structural design of concrete structures exposed to fire." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-40444.

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Concrete has an excellent intrinsic behaviour when exposed to fire, especially when compared to other building materials. However, its fire resistance should not be taken for granted and a proper structural fire design is certainly necessary. This design is based on the understanding of both the material and the structural behaviour of concrete exposed to fire. A number of complex physicochemical reactions occur when concrete is heated, causing mechanical properties as strength and stiffness to deteriorate. Furthermore, the phenomenon of spalling causes pieces of concrete to break off from the surface, reducing the cross-section of an element and possibly exposing the reinforcing to the high temperatures. Spalling can be highly dangerous and is most common in high strength concrete. However, its mechanism is still not fully understood. The Eurocode provides a number of procedures in order to design concrete structures for the fire situation, both prescriptive as performance based. However, of the latter, only the basic principles are given and several gaps still need to be filled through research. Thus in practical design, either tabulated data or a simplified calculation method is used. In many cases, these design methods fail to predict the true behaviour of concrete structures in real fires. Firstly, the standard heating curve is not able to represent the wide variety of realistic fires. Furthermore, design should investigate the behaviour of the complete structure, including alternative failure modes, whereas member analysis ignores effects as incompatible thermal expansions which can cause high thermal stresses. Although a lot of research has been performed already, more in-depth study is needed. Several elements of the behaviour of heated concrete still need to be researched. A systematic study of the effects of realistic thermal exposures is needed and a lot more work is required in order to unravel the mystery of spalling. The study of the response of complete concrete structures presents another challenge, requiring large-scale fire tests. The goal is to develop a concrete model that reflects the true behaviour of concrete structures exposed to fire. This model should incorporate the fully coupled hygro-thermal-mechanical behaviour combined with a sophisticated structural analysis, including the effect of transient strain.
7

Mukadam, Zaahir. "Critical review of the South African Concrete Durability Index tests." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8687.

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Includes bibliographical references.
The Durability Index (DI) approach is a performance-based approach used in South Africa for specifying the durability of reinforced concrete structures with regard to service life and concrete quality. The approach comprises three DI tests which are used to measure the durability-related transport processes of permeation, absorption and ionic diffusion. These tests are the oxygen permeability index (OPI), water sorptivity index (WSI), and chloride conductivity index (CCI) tests, respectively. Much work has been done over the past two decades in developing the DI tests to the present stage, where they are being, and have been, used in large projects such as the Gauteng Freeway Improvement Project, which made use of the OPI and WSI tests as a basis for checking the quality of the concrete used in the major road upgrade project. Non-compliance with target values can result in rejection of the material or penalties imposed on the concrete supplier or contractor. This highlights the need for the DI tests to be accurate and reliable so that engineers have confidence in their results. This dissertation presents a critical review of the DI tests. The overall objectives were to critically examine the present DI testing regimes and identify and address areas of concern with the tests in order to make them more reliable. One of the major areas of concern related to specimen preconditioning: the 7-day oven drying regime and specimen saturation techniques have been called into question. Consequently, this work investigated the influence of the drying method and saturation processes on the DI results.
8

Abed, Gesant. "Review of current practices to reduce reinforcement corrosion in concrete structures managed by the City of Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27878.

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The repair and maintenance of ageing reinforced concrete (RC) structures has become increasingly costly, especially in the Cape Peninsula. Protection and maintenance of these reinforced concrete structures against concrete deterioration and rebar corrosion have become far more important for road authorities and asset managers. City Engineers are responsible for the repair and rehabilitation of RC structures in different exposure conditions, by identifying the type of deterioration and then employing the correct concrete repair solutions or corrosion resistance measures. This dissertation investigates the environmental exposure conditions in the Cape Peninsula that result in chloride-induced and carbonation-induced corrosion of reinforced concrete structures in the region. It includes a literature review on concrete deterioration mechanisms and the role of aggressive elements in rebar corrosion. The literature review also considered alternative corrosion-resistant rebar. There are a number of available alternatives, which include Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP), Hot Dip Galvanized (HDG) steel, and Stainless Steel rebar. Each alternative has advantages and disadvantages depending on design applications and durability requirements. The use of corrosion-resistant rebar would increase the structure's longevity, thus providing long-term cost saving for road authorities. In the City of Cape Town, city engineers have standardised the use of HDG rebar for repair solutions and new concrete structures. HDG improves corrosion resistance, thus making it desirable to road authorities. The HDG process has been developed in the construction industry with low production time and cost, proving favourable factors for engineers. In addition, engineers have to improve concrete quality and construction methods to protect the underlying rebar from corrosion. On a technical level, HDG rebar use in RC structures has benefits which outweigh their cost implications. The exclusive use of HDG rebar without sound engineering judgment based on factors such as the location of the structure, distance from the coast, the structural loading conditions, and construction methods and quality standards, might not ensure better concrete durability and structural longevity. Generally, correct structural rebar design and concrete quality can eliminate the need for the use of corrosion protection methods and materials. The use of HDG is a very attractive solution for structures within 5km from the coast; otherwise, normal steel is suited for most applications. Reinforced concrete members such as concrete bollards, bridge handrails and balustrades can be treated as consumables and can be replaced once steel corrosion or concrete deterioration has occurred and becomes unsightly, which would be about 20 years. This approach would be economically advantageous and politically favourable to the road authority as it creates skills and jobs by reducing initial internal and contractual costs. To illustrate the common forms of rebar deterioration in the Cape Peninsula region, this dissertation has included five repair and rehabilitation projects completed by the City of Cape Town's Road Authority. These rehabilitation projects have been identified for concrete repair and rehabilitation works, and some of these structures have recently undergone extensive concrete rehabilitation. City engineers are faced with many challenges that hinder service delivery, engineering processes and effectiveness. Among these are lack of staff with experience in concrete repair and asset management, and the lack of proactive maintenance tools. The lack of an adequate Bridge Management System (BMS) contributes to the inefficient allocation of resources for rehabilitation and repair projects. The Supply Chain Management System also delays the appointment of appropriate contractors due to unwieldy management systems and bureaucracy. These systemic problems are discussed to provide a better understanding of the current selection of concrete repair systems.
9

Grira, Mongi. "A critical review of the symmetric punching shear of reinforced concrete flat slabs." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6038.

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An experimental investigation on model slabs and on a 1/3 scale composite bridge deck showed that the ultimate punching shear load depends on the shape of the loaded area, the compressive strength of concrete, the flexural reinforcement ratio and on the arrangement of steel bars. Punching failure follows the formation of an inclined failure surface from the edge of the loaded area to the opposite slab face running through the effective depth at a mean angle of 22 to 30 degrees. A study of the application of the yield line theory proves that flexure theory alone is not recommended to treat local failure because of the violent and nonductile nature of punching shear failure. An explanation of the application of the strut and tie model to symmetric punching shear is given to provide a base for future experimental programs and the development of this approach. The mechanism of symmetric punching of slabs without shear reinforcement is described based on observations from tests. An empirical equation to determine the ultimate punching load of flat slabs is proposed. It is concluded that the proposed equation can predict the ultimate punching shear loads of flat slabs with confidence similar to Kinnunen and Nylander's model. Present North American codes should be updated to express the state of present day knowledge, particularly with the inclusion of the influence of the flexural reinforcement. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
10

Løkke, Arnkjell. "Earthquake Analysis of Concrete Gravity Dams : Review and Modernization of Two Analysis Procedures." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23539.

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A two-stage procedure has been proposed for the elastic analysis phase of seismic design and safety evaluation of concrete gravity dams: (1) response spectrum analysis (RSA) in which the peak value of response is estimated directly from the earthquake design spectrum; and (2) response history analysis (RHA) of a finite element idealization of the dam monolith. Both analysis procedures include the effects of dam-water foundation interaction, known to be important in the earthquake response of dams.Presented in this thesis are two important developments that have now been added to the computer program EAGD-84, implementing the RHA procedure: (1) a set of Matlab modules ? including an easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI) ? has been developed, providing users with the capability of pre-processing input and post-processing analysis output from EAGD-84 in the Matlab scripting language; (2) a more complete set of compliance data that govern the interaction between the dam and the foundation region has been incorporated in the program. These developments greatly improve the accessibility and functionality of the EAGD-84 program, and provide users with sufficient control over the overall damping in the dam-water-foundation system to ensure consistency with recent research. The above mentioned RSA procedure has likewise been modernized. A number of enhancements have been made to the procedure, the most significant being: (1) a more complete set of data for the parameters that characterize dam-foundation interaction has been computed and implemented; and (2) to enhance the accuracy of the procedure, a correction factor for computing beam stresses on the downstream face of the dam has been developed. In addition, a comprehensive evaluation of the accuracy of the RSA procedure has been conducted, demonstrating that it estimates stresses close enough to the "exact" results (determined by RHA) to be satisfactory for the preliminary phase in the design of new dams and in the safety evaluation of existing dams. The accuracy achieved by the procedure is noteworthy, especially considering the complicated effects of dam-water-foundation interaction and reservoir bottom absorption on the dynamics of the system, and the number of approximations necessary to develop the procedure. The updated version of the computer program EAGD-84, the new Matlab modules and the GUI, as well as a new report presenting the updated RSA procedure, have all been made publicly available through the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Center.
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Books on the topic "In concreto review":

1

Gallo, Pablo Saavedra. La duda de inconstitucionalidad: Soluciones procesales para la aplicación de la ley constitucional al caso concreto. Córdoba: Ediciones el Almendro, 1986.

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Jackson, P. A. Continuously reinforced concrete pavement: A literature review. Crowthorne: Transport and RoadResearch Laboratory, 1988.

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Jackson, P. A. Continuously reinforced concrete pavement: A literature review. Crowthorne, Berkshire: Materials and Construction Division, Highways Group, Transport and Road Research Laboratory, 1988.

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Pinto, Roberto C. Accelerated aging of concrete: A literature review. McLean, Va: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Research, Development and Technology, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, 2002.

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Juárez, Luis Felipe Sáenz. Inconstitucionalidad de leyes en casos concretos en Guatemala. Guatemala: Corte de Constitucionalidad, 2001.

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Marsh, B. K. A review of service life design of concrete structures. Watford: Building Research Establishment, 1996.

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Papagiannakis, A. T. A review of crumb-rubber modified asphalt concrete technology. [Olympia]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 1995.

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P, Bentz Dale, United States. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Infrastructure Research and Development., and Building and Fire Research Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Transport properties and durability of concrete: Literature review and research plan. McLean, Va: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2002.

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Cheok, Geraldine S. Post-installed anchors: A literature review. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998.

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1958-, Phan Long T., and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. Post-installed anchors: A literature review. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "In concreto review":

1

Sidhu, Japneet, and Pardeep Kumar. "Hydrophobic Concrete: A Review." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 291–302. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3371-4_26.

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Yin, Shi. "Literature Review." In Development of Recycled Polypropylene Plastic Fibres to Reinforce Concrete, 9–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3719-1_2.

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Abdul Bari, J., and K. S. Krithiga. "Self-compacting Concrete: A Review." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 377–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5001-0_32.

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Silva, Fernando A. N., Bernardo Horowitz, João M. P. Q. Delgado, and António C. Azevedo. "Characterization and Brief Literature Review." In Design of Reinforced Concrete Silo Groups, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13621-5_1.

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Choong, Kok Keong, Jayaprakash Jaganathan, Sharifah Salwa Mohd Zuki, Shahiron Shahidan, and Nurul Izzati Raihan Ramzi Hannan. "Literature Review." In Concrete-Filled Double Skin Steel Tubular Column with Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Polymer, 5–18. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2715-6_2.

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Rollings, R. S. "A review of precast concrete pavements and rafts." In Precast Concrete Raft Units, 1–17. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2644-5_1.

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Shirkouh, Arman Hatami, and Ahmed Soliman. "Rubberized Alkali-Activated concrete—A Review." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 561–70. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1004-3_46.

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Madireddy, Harika, Sivakumar Naganathan, and B. Mahalingam. "A Review on Precast Concrete Construction." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 77–113. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5041-3_7.

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Geng, Yue, Gianluca Ranzi, Yu-yin Wang, Raymond Ian Gilbert, and Sumei Zhang. "State-of-the-art review on the time-dependent behaviour of composite steel-concrete columns." In Time-dependent behaviour and design of composite steel-concrete structures, 83–109. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed018.ch5.

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<p>This chapter presents a state-of-the-art review of the time-dependent behaviour of composite columns. The first part of the chapter outlines the available typologies and advantages of composite columns. This is followed by an overview of the time-dependent response of concrete (specific to composite columns) and an introduction to concrete confinement. The main part of the chapter is devoted to the state-of-the-art review on how concrete time effects influence the long-term and ultimate behaviour of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns, and on the combined effects produced by sustained loading and chloride corrosion on CFST columns. The review then deals with the long-term behaviour of concrete-filled double skin tube (CFDST) and encased composite columns. The final parts of the chapter provide a review of the time-dependent differential axial shortening (DAS) in vertical components of multi-storey buildings and on the long-term response of arch bridges.</p>
10

Azevedo, António C., Fernando A. N. Silva, João M. P. Q. Delgado, and Isaque Lira. "Brief Literature Review." In Concrete Structures Deteriorated by Delayed Ettringite Formation and Alkali-Silica Reactions, 7–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12267-5_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "In concreto review":

1

Voda Eschgfäller, Sabine. "Anmerkungen zur Rezension als Gattung in der ersten österreichischen Gelehrtenzeitschrift aus Olmütz." In Form und Funktion. University of Ostrava, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/fuflit2023.03.

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The article focuses on the question of which parameters applied to reviews in the scholarly journal “Monthly Extracts of Old and New Learned Things” (Monathliche Auszuege alt, und neuer gelehrten Sachen) from Olomouc. These parameters and the special nature of the review of a scholarly publication are outlined using a concrete example: A book review of an entomological work penned by Charles Bonnet will be discussed in more detail. In it, the scientist deals with the question of parthenogenesis in the animal world. The reviewer comments on this result in the light of the guidelines that applied to the journal.
2

Jäger-Dengler-Harles, Ingeborg, Tamara Heck, and Marc Rittberger. "Systematic reviews as object to study relevance assessment processes." In ISIC: the Information Behaviour Conference. University of Borås, Borås, Sweden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/irisic2024.

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Introduction. Systematic reviews are a method to synthesise research results for evidence-based decision-making on a specific question. Processes of information seeking and behaviour play a crucial role and might intensively influence the outcomes of a review. This paper proposes an approach to understand the relevance assessment and decision-making of researchers that conduct systematic reviews. Method. A systematic review was conducted to build up a database for text-based qualitative analyses of researchers’ decision-making in review processes. Analysis. The analysis focuses on the selection process of retrieved articles and introduces the method to investigate relevance assessment processes of researchers. Results. There are different methods to conduct reviews in research, and relevance assessment of documents within those processes is neither one-directional nor standardised. Research on information behaviour of researchers involved in those reviews has not looked at relevance assessment steps and their influence in a review’s outcomes. Conclusions. A reason for the varieties and inconsistencies of review types might be that information seeking and relevance assessment are much more complex and researchers might not be able to draw upon their concrete decisions. This paper proposes a research study to investigate researcher behaviour while synthesising research results for evidence-based decision-making.
3

Ninan, Chinnu Mariam, K. P. Ramaswamy, and R. Sajeeb. "Influence of Concrete Mixture Composition on Acid Resistance of Concrete: A Review." In International Web Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable Planet. AIJR Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.112.53.

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Cementitious materials are highly susceptible to rapid and severe degradation by a wide range of acids that are found immensely in ground water, sewage systems, industrial effluents, acid rain etc. which may cause microstructure deterioration. The factors influencing acid attack is generally categorised as material related factors and test related factors. Material related factors can be either related to acid solution or concrete mixture composition. Composition of concrete mixture greatly impacts the acid resistance of concrete. Factors related to composition of concrete mixture are type of cement, type and proportion of binders, water binder ratio, aggregate binder ratio and mineralogical nature of the aggregates. Even though the type of cement influences acid attack, the magnitude of variation is negligible. Consumption of calcium hydroxide and refinement of pore structure makes the use of supplementary cementitious materials favourable for acid resistance. Decrease in water binder ratio and increase in aggregate binder ratio reduces the porosity of concrete and thereby improves the acid resistance of concrete. Calcareous aggregates are preferred for concretes exposed to acids having less soluble salts and not preferred for acids forming soluble salts. This paper highlights the influence of composition of concrete mixture on acid resistance of concrete. A proper formulation of concrete is expected to enhance its acid resistance.
4

Ohtsu, Masayasu. "Detection and Identification of Concrete Cracking in Reinforced Concrete by Acoustic Emission." In REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION:Volume 22. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1570302.

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Naus, D. J., and H. L. Graves. "A Review of the Effects of Elevated Temperature on Concrete Materials and Structures." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89631.

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Concrete’s properties are more complex than those of most materials because not only is concrete a composite material whose constituents have different properties, but its properties depend upon moisture and porosity. Exposure of concrete to elevated temperature affects its mechanical and physical properties. Elements could distort and displace, and, under certain conditions, the concrete surfaces could spall due to the buildup of steam pressure. Because thermally-induced dimensional changes, loss of structural integrity, and release of moisture and gases resulting from the migration of free water could adversely affect plant operations and safety, a complete understanding of the behavior of concrete under long-term elevated-temperature exposure as well as both during and after a thermal excursion resulting from a postulated design-basis accident condition is essential for reliable design evaluations and assessments of nuclear power plant structures. As the properties of concrete change with respect to time and the environment to which it is exposed, an assessment of the effects of concrete aging is also important in performing safety evaluations. The effects of elevated temperature on Portland cement concretes and constituent materials are summarized, design codes and standards identified, and considerations for elevated temperature service noted.
6

Majić, Helena. "THE CROATIAN CONSTITUTIONAL COURT AND THE EU CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS: A LIMBO BETWEN THE CHARTER, THE ECHR AND NATIONAL CONSTITUTION." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18304.

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The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union has been applied directly by the Croatian Constitutional Court since the decision No. U-I-1397/2015 (Act on Elections of the Representatives to the Croatian Parliament) rendered in 2015. Ever since it can be observed that the Charter has been consistently applied both in the proceedings of constitutional review in abstracto and in the proceedings initiated by a constitutional complaint (constitutional review in concreto), however, in a limited number of cases mostly concerning migrations or asylum.Therefore, this paper analyses the application of the Charter in the case law of the Croatian Constitutional Court and the method of interpretation pursued, with special reference to both its shortcomings and benefits. The paper also investigates the reasons for limited application of the Charter, even in those cases which would normally fall under the scope of application of EU law. The analysis indicates two distinct methodological approaches adopted by the Constitutional Court. The first one, where the Charter has been regarded as an interpretative tool only; and the second one, where the Charter has been found to be directly applicable vis-à-vis individual rights inferred from the EU law. The latter approach, first followed in an asylum case No. U-III-424/2019 (X. Y.), had raised new questions on interpretation of the Charter (with respect to the Croatian constitutional framework) in the cases where the Charter's applicability ratione materiae overlaps with the Croatian Constitution and the (European) Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, which to the day, in contrast to the Charter, has been consistently followed and therefore legally internalised by the Croatian Constitutional Court. Therefore, the paper also elaborates a new methodological approach adopted by the Croatian Constitutional Court in finding a way out of „limbo“ between the Charter, the ECHR, and the Croatian Constitution.
7

Woodward, Clinton, S. E. Roe, and M. Cramer. "Ultrasonic Attenuation Changes with Damage Level in Concrete." In REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2718121.

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Popovics, John S., Nils Ryden, Alexander Gibson, and Michael Haas. "Guided Wave Approach for Concrete Pavement Thickness Estimation." In REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2718122.

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Chady, T., and P. Frankowski. "Electromagnetic evaluation of reinforced concrete structure." In REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION: VOLUME 32. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4789200.

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Atherton, D. L. "Inspection of prestressed concrete pressure pipe." In 26th Annual review of progress in quantitative nondestrictive evaluation. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1306238.

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Reports on the topic "In concreto review":

1

Langton, C. TRANSPORT THROUGH CRACKED CONCRETE: LITERATURE REVIEW. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1041031.

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Mathey, Robert G., and Walter J. Rossiter. A review of autoclaved aerated concrete products. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.87-3670.

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Nallar, Melisa, and Amelia Gelina. Enhancing building thermal comfort : a review of phase change materials in concrete. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47679.

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The DoD accounts for over 1% of the country’s total electricity consumption. However, DoD bases heavily rely on vulnerable commercial power grids, susceptible to disruptions from outdated infrastructure, weather-related incidents, and direct attacks. To enhance energy efficiency and resilience, it is imperative to address energy demand in buildings, especially heating and cooling. This study focuses on phase change materials (PCMs) incorporated into concrete to enhance thermal control and reduce energy consumption. Though PCMs have shown promise in heat transfer and energy storage applications, their integration into concrete faces challenges. Concerns include potential reduction in compressive strength, impacts on workability and setting time, effects on density and porosity, durability, and higher cost than traditional concrete. This report examines current obstacles hindering the use of PCMs in concrete and proposes opportunities for extensive research and application. By selecting appropriate PCMs and additives, comparable strength to control samples can be achieved. Moreover, specific techniques for incorporating PCMs into concrete demonstrate greater effectiveness. Embracing PCMs in concrete can significantly contribute to energy-efficient and resilient DoD installations.
4

Johnson, Mark K., H. S. Lew, and Long T. Phan. Literature review of post-installed anchorage in concrete. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.88-3797.

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Qamhia, Issam, and Erol Tutumluer. Review of Improved Subgrade and Stabilized Subbases to Evaluate Performance of Concrete Pavements. Illinois Center for Transportation, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-016.

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This report presents findings on the evaluation of foundation layers under concrete pavements in the state of Illinois. It also provides recommendations and scenarios where unbound granular layers can be safely used under concrete pavements as economical and well-performing subbase layers. The current practice and mechanistic design methods for constructing concrete pavements in Illinois was first evaluated, including historical studies that led to the current design procedures and policies. The performance of concrete pavements with unbound granular layers in Illinois were then evaluated, and several case studies of well-performing concrete pavements with granular subbases, high traffic levels, and low distress levels and severity were realized. Next, the practices of surrounding states were evaluated, and several Midwest states, i.e., Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, and Michigan, were found to regularly use unbound granular layers under concrete pavements with no issues. A literature review on the most recent requirements and recommendations for designing granular subbases under concrete pavements was then presented. It is concluded that subbase layers under concrete pavements are mainly used to provide uniform support and prevent pumping. Based on the case study evaluations and literature, a stable, drainable, and durable daylighted granular subbase design is recommended for traffic factors up to 10.0. Stability is ensured by limiting the ratio of gravel-to-sand fractions in the aggregate mix between 1.3 and 1.9. Drainability requirements can be met by limiting the percentage of fines passing the No. 200 sieve (0.075 mm) to 4% and by checking the quality of drainage is at least fair based on the time required to drain 50% of the water. Lastly, a geotextile fabric is recommended for use below the granular subbase for separation to ensure drainability throughout design life.
6

Pfeiffer, Donald, Stella Marusin, and J. Robert Landgren. Energy-Efficient Curing of Concrete. Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/tr-1-82.

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Hogancamp, Joshua, Randy James, and Robert Dameron. Review of Failure Modes Applicable to Prestressed Concrete Containments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1762601.

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Kraushaar, Judith, and Sabine Bohnet-Joschko. Prevalence and patterns of mobile device usage among physicians in clinical practice: a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0087.

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Abstract:
Review question / Objective: The aim of this review is to systematically analyze quantitative data extracted from studies on the use of mobile devices by physicians in clinical practice in order to be able to derive concrete statements on the prevalence, patterns, and trends of usage. Condition being studied: Prevalence, patterns, and trends of mobile device usage by physicians in clinical practice. Main outcome(s): With this review, we want to open a new perspective on the use of mobile devices. Together with the information from qualitative reviews, the particular relevance of mobile devices for KM strategies in hospitals can be viewed in its entirety.
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Lutz, Carsten. TheComplexity of Reasoning with Concrete Domains (Revised Version). Aachen University of Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.88.

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Description logics are knowledge representation and reasoning formalisms which represent conceptual knowledge on an abstract logical level. Concrete domains are a theoretically well-founded approach to the integration of description logic reasoning with reasoning about concrete objects such as numbers, time intervals or spatial regions. In this paper, the complexity of combined reasoning with description logcis and on concrete domains is investigated. We extend ALC(D), which is the basic description logic for reasoning with concrete domains, by the operators 'feature agreement' and 'feature disagreement'. For the extended logic,called ALCF(D), an algorithm for deciding the ABox consistency problem is devised. The strategy employed by this algorithm is vital for the efficient implementation of reasoners for description logics incorporating concrete domains. Based on the algorithm, it is proved that the standard reasoning problems for both logics ALC(D) and ALCF(D) are PSpace-complete - provided that the satisfiability test of the concrete domain used is in PSpace.
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Solanki, Pranshoo, Haiyan Xie, John Awaitey, and Tejaswi Reddy. State-of-the-Practice Review of Field-Curing Methods for Evaluating the Strength of Concrete Test Specimens. Illinois Center for Transportation, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/23-003.

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The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) T 23 standard provides instructions for making and curing concrete test specimens in the field. However, further research is needed to compare the strength of the field-cured specimen with the strength of the actual in-place concrete item. The purpose of this research is to build an understanding of the current state of the practice for field-curing methods. Specifically, the research team conducted a literature review and questionnaire survey to identify the selection criteria and details of field-curing methods. The results of the literature data and survey outcomes indicate most transportation agencies use field-cured cylinders, followed by the maturity method, to decide when to open pavement to traffic or remove formwork or falsework. The most commonly used field method found among transportation agencies was curing the test specimens near (or on) the cast concrete in the same manner as the concrete item represented. The cylindrical specimens are mostly field cured in insulated boxes such as a cooler or under burlap/insulation near the concrete item. In contrast, beams are mostly field cured in a damp sandpit or under burlap/insulation near the concrete item. Other field-curing technologies used by agencies are match curing, SureCureTM cylinder-mold system, piezoelectric sensors, calorimetry, and penetration-resistance tests.

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