Relevant bibliographies by topics / Improving working conditions

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Improving working conditions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Improving working conditions"

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Huber, Mary Taylor. "Improving Working Conditions for Contingent Faculty." Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning 51, no. 4 (July 4, 2019): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00091383.2019.1618143.

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Taflevich, B. I., and O. R. Shilovitskii. "Improving working conditions for equipment operators." Metallurgist 33, no. 3 (March 1989): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00759656.

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Marchenko, D., and K. Matvyeyeva. "Improving the durability of moving joints working in conditions of intensive wear." Problems of tribology 97, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2079-1372-2020-97-3-39-44.

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The article discusses the method of surface plastic deformation of steel parts by rolling them with rollers. The positive effect of this method on the wear resistance of friction pairs under conditions of intense abrasive wear and with abundant lubrication has been established.
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Catton, Howard. "Every country must commit to improving working conditions." Nursing Standard 31, no. 40 (May 31, 2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.31.40.30.s27.

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Egorova, A. A., N. S. Feoktistov, and A. O. Uzhegov. "Improving Working Conditions Safety in an Industrial Plant." Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University, no. 3 (2021): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47475/1994-2796-2021-10320.

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Melekhina, O. V., and S. V. Nikitina. "Improving working conditions in the steelmaking workshop electrometallurgical plant." Trends in the development of science and education 59, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-03-2020-16.

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Budiharso, Teguh, and Bulent Tarman. "Improving Quality Education through Better Working Conditions of Academic Institutes." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 7, no. 1 (May 18, 2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/306.

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Education has become inevitable for every country and specifically for every person to proceed in with the appropriate pace. Life is really difficult to be lived without essential amount of education. Many countries are giving attention towards this cause and are making strategies and policies to improve the quality of education in the country. For better quality of education, working conditions of the educational institutes is very important. In addition, faculty retention and employability are very crucial in this regard. In the current study, the aim of the author is to study the impact of working conditions on quality education in Indonesia in the presence of mediation of faculty retention and employability. For this purpose, data was collected from 293 faculty members of the educational institutes of Indonesia. To analyze the gathered data, confirmatory factor analysis CFA and structural equation modeling approaches have been used. The results of data analysis have shown that the impact of working condition on quality education is insignificant but the mediating role of employability and faculty retention are significant in this regard. In the last section of the study, several theoretical, practical and policy making implications have been discussed by the author. In addition, some limitations and future research indications have also been described.
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Zha, X., H. V. Fuchs, and H. Drotleff. "Improving the acoustic working conditions for musicians in small spaces." Applied Acoustics 63, no. 2 (February 2002): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-682x(01)00024-x.

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Janney, Michelle, and Christopher Landrigan. "Improving nurse working conditions: Towards safer models of hospital care." Journal of Hospital Medicine 3, no. 3 (May 2008): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhm.339.

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Canazza, Christine. "Improving Working Conditions for Ageing Workers in the European Union." European Labour Law Journal 7, no. 2 (June 2016): 261–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/201395251600700205.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Improving working conditions"

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Berglund, Viktor. "Improving the packaging of Crosslaminated timber : A master thesis that examines the environment and methods at Martinsons Såg, Bygdsiljum." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-68580.

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This thesis is the final assignment for the program master of science in Industrial Design Engineering at luleå university of technology. The timespan is September of 2017 and early January 2018 and is equivalent to 30 high school credits. The work was performed at Martinsons Såg in Bygdsiljum, Sweden.Martinsons is Sweden’s largest producer of cross-laminated timber, crosslam. The staff is divided into two shifts with nine workers each. The production consists of three sections, gluing, CNC and shipping. The factory was expanded in early 2017 but did not achieve planned output. The last section, the shipping, is a bottleneck. The object of this thesis is to find a layout that solves the bottleneck and improve the working conditions in the shipping, and the pace of the system should be determined by the first process, the pressing. The production starts with the planks. Planks are cut to the right dimensions by a saw and placed in layers. Glue is then applied, and more layers are placed and moved to a press while the glue dries. It results in panels. The maximum size of the panels is 16x3 m. A CNC saw cuts the panels to litteras, custom order parts used to build everything from houses to public areas. The workers pack the littera manually. When the litteras are packed, the packages are loaded on trucks for delivery to the customers. The theoretical background of this thesis consists of three major subjects: industrial design engineering, ergonomic and lean production, with a focus on waste reduction. To understand the system the flows and working procedures were documented with observations, interviews, a survey and some filming. An OWAS were used to observed the ergonomic risks and analyse how they can be avoided. Later in the project were a brainstorming session and workshop used to generate concepts to solve the problems. The concepts were evaluated with a value matrix. The results from the examination of the system showed that the real bottleneck in the system was the crane. It was slow and is also used in the waste flows. Two packaging stations for the litteras cannot be used because of the flow of the sawdust, lowering the capacity and flexibility in the packaging. Summarised, the crane could not deal with the demands from the rest of the system. The ergonomic problems consisted of bent and twisted backs while the workers pack the littera. This thesis proposes an investment plan to solve these problems. It consists of two investments that expand the building and expand conveyors, thus removing much of the lifting much lifting with the crane. The waste and littera flows are separated to allow the crane to focus on the main flow of littera.Two new kinds of packaging stations are implemented to help with the packaging: standard stations that pack the littera on lifts and wall packaging stations that packs littera meant for walls that have many weaknesses. The standard stations consist of scissor lift tables that help reduce the time spent with a bent back while packaging. The temperature is maintained at comfortable levels with an airlock to the outside.
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Бондаренко, Тамара Степановна. "Исследования возможности использования отходов химического производства для защиты литейных форм." Thesis, НТУ "ХПИ", 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/25320.

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Созданы новые составы покрытий на основе отходов производства для защиты изложниц при разливке стали сифоном и сверху, характеризующиеся высокими показателями физико-механических свойств, эффективно защищающие рабочую поверхность изложниц от агрессивного воздействия стали и газов, обеспечивающие улучшение санитарно-гигиенические условия труда.
Created new coating compositions based waste products for the protection of molds for casting steel trap and above, characterized by high levels of physical and mechanical properties, effectively protects the work surface from aggressive mold steel and gas, providing improved sanitary conditions.
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Books on the topic "Improving working conditions"

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Improving working conditions in small enterprises in developing Asia. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1985.

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O, Phoon W., and Thurman Joseph E, eds. Low-cost ways of improving working conditions: 100 examples from Asia. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1989.

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Association, International Ergonomics, ed. Ergonomic checkpoints: Practical and easy-to-implement solutions for improving safety, health and working conditions. 2nd ed. Geneva: International Labour Office, 2010.

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Asia, International Labour Organisation Sub-regional Office for East. Work improvement for safe home: Action manual for improving safety, health and working conditions of home workers. Bangkok: ILO Sub-regional Office for East Asia, 2006.

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Kawakami, Tsuyoshi. Developing the WIND training programme in Asia: Participatory approaches to improving safety, health and working conditions of farmers. Bangkok, Thailand: ILO Subregional Office for East Asia, 2009.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. Ending abuses and improving working conditions for tomato workers: Hearing of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, second session, on examining ending abuses and improving working conditions for tomato workers, April 15, 2008. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.

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Ending abuses and improving working conditions for tomato workers: Hearing of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, second session, on examining ending abuses and improving working conditions for tomato workers, April 15, 2008. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.

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Ball, Colin. Bridging the gulf: Improving social cohesion in Europe : the work of the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, 1984-1993. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1994.

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Ball, Colin. Bridging the gulf: Improving social cohesion in Europe : the work of the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, 1984-1993. Shankill, Co. Dublin, Ireland: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, 1994.

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Cox, Rachel. Making family child care work: Strategies for improving the working conditions of family childcare providers = Pour en faire un véritable emploi : des stratégies pour améliorer les conditions de travail des responsables de services de garde en milieu familial. [Ottawa]: Status of Women Canada = Condition féminime Canada, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Improving working conditions"

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Hantrais, Linda. "Improving Living and Working Conditions." In Social Policy in the European Union, 74–100. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-10658-2_4.

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Werna, Edmundo. "Working in Green Cities: Improving the Urban Environment While Creating Jobs and Enhancing Working Conditions." In The Economy of Green Cities, 57–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1969-9_7.

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Shkrabak, V., A. Kalugin, and Y. Averyanov. "Assessing Effectiveness of Technical Measures for Improving Working Conditions of Wheeled Vehicle Operators." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 29–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22041-9_4.

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Wang, Yulong, Mingliang Jin, Qingchun Zhao, Jun Xie, Xiangwen Chen, Xiaochun Xu, Yanping Long, and Guangwu Dai. "Technology for Improving Backup Protection of Extreme Working Conditions Based on Station Information." In Proceedings of 2020 International Top-Level Forum on Engineering Science and Technology Development Strategy and The 5th PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM (PMF2020), 174–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9746-6_14.

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Paravizo, Esdras, and Renato Luvizoto Rodrigues de Souza. "Towards Improving Esports’ Working Conditions: Insights on Role of a Professional Players’ Association." In Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021), 755–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74602-5_102.

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Huuhtanen, Pekka. "Improving the working conditions of older people: An analysis of attitudes toward early retirement." In Job stress in a changing workforce: Investigating gender, diversity, and family issues., 197–206. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10165-012.

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PURSEY, STEPHEN, PAVAN BAICHOO, and JUKKA TAKALA. "Opportunities for Improving Working Conditions through International Agreements." In Global Inequalities at Work, 278–98. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195150865.003.0011.

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Morsink, Marlies, James Copestake, Max Niño-Zarazúa, and Savi Mull. "CHAPTER 4 Improving working conditions in the Mexican garment industry." In Attributing Development Impact, 75–94. Practical Action Publishing Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780447469.004.

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"Improving the employability and working conditions of older workers in Korea." In Ageing and Employment Policies, 51–82. OECD, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264208261-7-en.

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Carranza Ruiz de Loizaga, Garazi, and Begoña Sanchez Gonzalez. "Innovation Methodologies to Activate Inclusive Growth in the Organization." In Decision Making [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99150.

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Digitalization is transforming the way we move and produce, encouraging the industry to use the best available technologies focusing on people. Non technological innovations, especially, Workplace Innovation (WI) will play a key role in the digital revolution and acceleration of the technological advances, improving the competitiveness of the companies. This draws attention to the importance of the innovation culture and employee engagement focused on improving employee motivation and working conditions, thereby improving labor productivity, organizational efficiency, innovation capacity, market reactivity, and, as a result, business competitiveness. WI is a combination of structural and cultural practices that boosts employees’ participation, improving the quality of work and organizational performance. These strategies aim to promote innovative work behavior to create, introduce and apply new ideas, processes and products. To address these issues this chapter analyses WI in rail sector and defines WI Scheme for rail sector. A theoretical background is presented based on a sample of 203 railway entities across European Union (EU). Then, data analysis and results are examined and the guide to implement WI scheme is defined. Finally, the results of the research, including limitations and concluding remarks are discussed.
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Conference papers on the topic "Improving working conditions"

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Scholbeck, Rudolf. "Automated Shotcrete Techniques are Improving the Working Conditions." In 8th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc1991/0015.

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Górny, Adam. "Occupational Risk In Improving The Quality Of Working Conditions." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100327.

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Adherence to the systemic approach to improving working conditions is increasingly becoming a central prerequisite for the successful operation of business organizations. By adopting systemic principles to improve the quality of working conditions, organizations gain access to effective tools for eliminating hazards and strenuousness and consequently acquire the ability to grow and improve themselves. Any measures adopted within that framework are undertaken in recognition of the roles and tasks of employees seen as the internal clients of specific processes.The article demonstrates that improvements can be achieved by assessing risks. In this context, risk assessment is viewed as a tool for gathering information on irregularities. By assessing risks, businesses can identify any hazardous, deleterious and strenuous factors which require improvement (through corrective and preventive measures) and whose scope and characteristics depend on the level of occupational risk. The use of occupational risk as a criterion for selecting improvement measures helps identify adequate technical means and organizational arrangements to be applied to bring the working environment to the required quality standard. In particular cases, such means and arrangements should be complemented by using personal protection items. An essential consideration in improving working conditions is to incorporate any selected elements of the systemic approach that are critical for shaping the working environment. Only then will the proper improvement measures be effective.
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Trost, Marco, Thorsten Claus, and Frank Herrmann. "Adapted Master Production Scheduling: Potential For Improving Human Working Conditions." In 33rd International ECMS Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2019-0310.

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Lajoie, A., C. Dion, M. Langlois, and J. Lesage. "375. Improving the Working Conditions in a Plastic Bag Recycling Plant." In AIHce 1996 - Health Care Industries Papers. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2765054.

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Palazon, Jose Antonio, Javier Gozalvez, Juan Luis Maestre, and Jose Ramon Gisbert. "Wireless solutions for improving health and safety working conditions in industrial environments." In 2013 IEEE 15th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/healthcom.2013.6720736.

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Nagasu, M., T. Yoshikawa, R. Katsumura, T. Wakatsuki, VR Jaganathan, G. Sanjeeva Reddy, and K. Kogi. "1721d Outcome of the positive training programme for improving working conditions in india." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.269.

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Trost, Marco, Thorsten Claus, and Frank Herrmann. "Influence Of Company Sizes In Adapted Master Production Scheduling For Improving Human Working Conditions." In 34th International ECMS Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2020-0287.

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Maidl, B. "Shotcrete Robot for Improving Working Conditions, Quality and Economy in Civil Engineering and Tunneling." In 8th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc1991/0010.

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Mueller, Rainer, Matthias Vette, Aaron Geenen, and Tobias Masiak. "Improving Working Conditions in Aircraft Productions using Human-Robot-Collaboration in a Collaborative Riveting Process." In AeroTech Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-2096.

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Prokopenko, L. V., A. V. Lagutina, and N. N. Courierov. "UPDATING THE HYGIENIC CLASSIFICATION OF WORKING CONDITIONS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FACTORS OF THE WORKING ENVIRONMENT AND THE LABOR PROCESS." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-416-421.

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Abstract. Introduction. The approval of new sanitary norms and rules within the framework of the “regulatory guillotine” made it necessary to revise the hygienic classification of working conditions in terms of hazard, which includes Guide R 2.2.2006-05 - one of the fundamental documents in medicine of labor. Purpose of the study. Updating the classification of working conditions based on a risk-based approach, taking into account new regulatory legal acts, risk factors due to the introduction of modern technologies and forms of labor organization and practices of applying the classification. Results. The classification of working conditions under the influence of chemical, physical factors, the severity and intensity of the labor process has been revised taking into account SanPiN 1.2.3685-21, the classification of working conditions by biological factor has been revised and supplemented. The characteristics of the classes of working conditions have been clarified, the categories of occupational risk by classes according to R 2.2.1766-2003 are indicated. Changes in the structure of the classification are considered, concerning the abolition of the "optimal" classes of working conditions; expanding the classification in terms of the severity and intensity of labor by adding the classes "harmful working conditions - 3.3"; canceling or bringing the indicators of the "hazardous (extreme) working conditions" class in accordance with Federal Law No. 426-FZ and the principles of hygienic classification. Conclusion. A version of a risk-oriented hygienic classification has been prepared, corresponding to the new regulations, modern conditions and forms of work organization and aimed at preserving and improving the health of workers.
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Reports on the topic "Improving working conditions"

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NMR Publisering. Nordic Growth Sectors - How can working life policies contribute to improving the framework conditions? Nordisk Ministerråd, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/nord2013-006.

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Nguyen, Thi Dien, Thi Minh Hanh Nguyen, Thi Minh Khue Nguyen, and Ayako Ebata. Policies to Improve Migrant Workers’ Food Security in Vietnam. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.019.

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Migrant workers in Vietnam make up 7.3 per cent of the population. Despite rapid economic growth, they suffer from precarious working conditions and food insecurity, which Covid-19 control measures have exacerbated. Urgent action is needed to improve migrant workers’ access to nutritious food during crises and increase resilience to future economic shocks through: (1) short-term responses that provide nutritious food; (2) improving living conditions through effective enforcement of existing policies; (3) expanding coverage of the government social safety net; and (4) progressive reform of labour law to reduce their vulnerability to job loss and increase their bargaining power.
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Stall, Nathan M., Kevin A. Brown, Aaron Jones, Andrew P. Costa, Vanessa Allen, Adalsteinn D. Brown, Gerald A. Evans, et al. COVID-19 and Ontario’s Long-Term Care Homes. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2020.01.05.1.0.

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Ontario long-term care (LTC) home residents have experienced disproportionately high morbidity and mortality, both from COVID-19 and from the conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes, if implemented. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Third, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by approaches that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19.
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Stall, Nathan M., Kevin A. Brown, Antonina Maltsev, Aaron Jones, Andrew P. Costa, Vanessa Allen, Adalsteinn D. Brown, et al. COVID-19 and Ontario’s Long-Term Care Homes. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.07.1.0.

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Key Message Ontario long-term care (LTC) home residents have experienced disproportionately high morbidity and mortality, both from COVID-19 and from the conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes, if implemented. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Third, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by approaches that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Summary Background The Province of Ontario has 626 licensed LTC homes and 77,257 long-stay beds; 58% of homes are privately owned, 24% are non-profit/charitable, 16% are municipal. LTC homes were strongly affected during Ontario’s first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Questions What do we know about the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Ontario LTC homes? Which risk factors are associated with COVID-19 outbreaks in Ontario LTC homes and the extent and death rates associated with outbreaks? What has been the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the general health and wellbeing of LTC residents? How has the existing Ontario evidence on COVID-19 in LTC settings been used to support public health interventions and policy changes in these settings? What are the further measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes? Findings As of January 14, 2021, a total of 3,211 Ontario LTC home residents have died of COVID-19, totaling 60.7% of all 5,289 COVID-19 deaths in Ontario to date. There have now been more cumulative LTC home outbreaks during the second wave as compared with the first wave. The infection and death rates among LTC residents have been lower during the second wave, as compared with the first wave, and a greater number of LTC outbreaks have involved only staff infections. The growth rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC residents was slower during the first two months of the second wave in September and October 2020, as compared with the first wave. However, the growth rate after the two-month mark is comparatively faster during the second wave. The majority of second wave infections and deaths in LTC homes have occurred between December 1, 2020, and January 14, 2021 (most recent date of data extraction prior to publication). This highlights the recent intensification of the COVID-19 pandemic in LTC homes that has mirrored the recent increase in community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 across Ontario. Evidence from Ontario demonstrates that the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and subsequent deaths in LTC are distinct from the risk factors for outbreaks and deaths in the community (Figure 1). The most important risk factors for whether a LTC home will experience an outbreak is the daily incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the communities surrounding the home and the occurrence of staff infections. The most important risk factors for the magnitude of an outbreak and the number of resulting resident deaths are older design, chain ownership, and crowding. Figure 1. Anatomy of Outbreaks and Spread of COVID-19 in LTC Homes and Among Residents Figure from Peter Hamilton, personal communication. Many Ontario LTC home residents have experienced severe and potentially irreversible physical, cognitive, psychological, and functional declines as a result of precautionary public health interventions imposed on homes, such as limiting access to general visitors and essential caregivers, resident absences, and group activities. There has also been an increase in the prescribing of psychoactive drugs to Ontario LTC residents. The accumulating evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been leveraged in several ways to support public health interventions and policy during the pandemic. Ontario evidence showed that SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC staff was associated with subsequent COVID-19 deaths among LTC residents, which motivated a public order to restrict LTC staff from working in more than one LTC home in the first wave. Emerging Ontario evidence on risk factors for LTC home outbreaks and deaths has been incorporated into provincial pandemic surveillance tools. Public health directives now attempt to limit crowding in LTC homes by restricting occupancy to two residents per room. The LTC visitor policy was also revised to designate a maximum of two essential caregivers who can visit residents without time limits, including when a home is experiencing an outbreak. Several further measures could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by measures that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Third, LTC homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Other important issues include improved prevention and detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in LTC staff, enhanced infection prevention and control (IPAC) capacity within the LTC homes, a more balanced and nuanced approach to public health measures and IPAC strategies in LTC homes, strategies to promote vaccine acceptance amongst residents and staff, and further improving data collection on LTC homes, residents, staff, visitors and essential caregivers for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interpretation Comparisons of the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the LTC setting reveal improvement in some but not all epidemiological indicators. Despite this, the second wave is now intensifying within LTC homes and without action we will likely experience a substantial additional loss of life before the widespread administration and time-dependent maximal effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. The predictors of outbreaks, the spread of infection, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes are well documented and have remained unchanged between the first and the second wave. Some of the evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been effectively leveraged to support public health interventions and policies. Several further measures, if implemented, have the potential to prevent additional LTC home COVID-19 outbreaks and deaths.
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5

Thompson, Marshall, and Ramez Hajj. Flexible Pavement Recycling Techniques: A Summary of Activities. Illinois Center for Transportation, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-022.

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Abstract:
Cold in-place recycling (CIR) involves the recycling of the asphalt portions (including hot-mix asphalt and chip, slurry, and cape seals, as well as others) of a flexible or composite pavement with asphalt emulsion or foamed asphalt as the binding agent. Full-depth reclamation (FDR) includes the recycling of the entire depth of the pavement and, in some cases, a portion of the subgrade with asphalt, cement, or lime products as binding agents. Both processes are extensively utilized in Illinois. This project reviewed CIR and FDR projects identified by the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) from the Transportation Bulletin and provided comments on pavement designs and special provisions. The researchers evaluated the performance of existing CIR/FDR projects through pavement condition surveys and analysis of falling weight deflectometer data collected by IDOT. They also reviewed CIR/FDR literature and updated/modified (as appropriate) previously provided inputs concerning mix design, testing procedures, thickness design, construction, and performance as well as cold central plant recycling (CCPR) literature related to design and construction. The team monitored the performance of test sections at the National Center for Asphalt Technology and Virginia Department of Transportation. The researchers assisted IDOT in the development of a CCPR special provision as well as responded to IDOT inquiries and questions concerning issues related to CIR, FDR, and CCPR. They attended meetings of IDOT’s FDR with the Cement Working Group and provided input in the development of a special provision for FDR with cement. The project’s activities confirmed that CIR, FDR, and CCPR techniques are successfully utilized in Illinois. Recommendations for improving the above-discussed techniques are provided.
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6

Overview of Sanitation Workers Programme in Trichy. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/tnussposwpt0603.2021.

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The Indian Institute for Human Settlements and its partners along with the Trichy City Corporation have collaborated to improve the health, occupational safety and livelihoods of sanitation workers. The Tamil Nadu Urban Sanitation Support Programme has identified and engaged with different types of sanitation workers employed in urban areas such as Urban Local Body-managed workers, school toilet cleaners, public and community toilet cleaners, independent cleaners as daily wage workers, desludging truck operators and cleaners, privately managed solid waste workers, rag-pickers, and railway cleaners. The initiatives undertaken integrate multiple social, engineering, and behavioural aspects that focus on improving the living and working conditions of this vulnerable section of society. This note provides an overview of the initiatives.
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