Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Imprisonment and house arrest'

Предмет истраживања и рада на докторској дисертацији „Нове алтернативе казни затвора у кривичном законодавству Републике Србије“ представља анализа појма, садржаја, услова за изрицање, извршења и ефеката нових алтернативних кривичних санкција и мера. Прописивањем нових алтернатива казни затвора новелирано кривично законодавство Републике Србије сврстава се у ред савремених кривичноправних система које карактерише успостављање хуманијих начина реаговања на блаже облике криминалног понашања и развој алтернативног концепта кажњавања учинилаца лакших кривичних дела.Циљ истраживања представља критичка анализа нормативног садржаја нових алтернатива казни затвора у српском кривичном законодавству и компаративна нормативна анализа решења из упоредних система, преиспитивање усклађености легислативних решења са основним стандардима у овој области представљеним у међународним актима Уједињених нација и Савета Европе, утврђивање делотворности и ефеката примене нових алтернатива казни затвора у нашем кривичноправном систему, преиспитивање оправданости увођења и реалних домета нових алтернатива казни затвора у супростављању блажим облицима криминалитета, као и утврђивање утицаја њихове примене на функционисање целокупног система кривичног правосуђа у Републици Србији.Структуру докторске дисертације чини седам поглавља у којима су обрађена најзначајнија питања која се односе на прописивање и примену нових алтернатива казни затвора. Први део посвећен је утврђивању појма и разлозима настанка нових алтернативних кривичних санкција и мера, као одговора на „кризу казне затвора“. У другом делу разматрају се традиционалне алтернативе овој казни и утврђује њихов домен примене у нашем кривичноправном систему. Трећи део посвећен је настанку и развоју нових алтернатива казни затвора у упоредном праву, а четврти најзначајнијим међународним актима у области прописивања и примене нових алтернатива казни затвора. Пети, централни, део истраживања представљају нове алтернативне кривичне санкције у нашем кривичном законодавству: рад у јавном интересу, кућни затвор, казна одузимања возачкеНове алтернативе казни затвора у кривичном законодавству Републике СрбијеXIдозволе и систем новчане казне у дневним износима, односно њихова теоријска и критичка нормативна анализа, као и утврђивање ефеката њихове досадашње примене и утицаја на функционисање система кривичног правосуђа. У шестом делу анализирају се специфичне нове алтернативне мере у упоредном праву којима се потенцијално може остварити алтернација изрицања казне затвора, односно извршења казне у пенитенцијарној установи, док је седми део посвећен специфичним алтернативним мерама у нашем кривичноправном систему, односно новим основама за ослобођење учиниоца од казне, стварном кајању и поравнању учиниоца и оштећеног (жртве), институту условног отпуста, начелу опортунитета кривичног гоњења и кућном притвору.У складу са постављеним циљевима овог научног истраживања, а након свеобухватне анализе предмета проучавања и на основу лонгитудиналног истраживања изречених и извршених нових алтернативна казни затвора у периоду десетогодишње примене, потврђене су и научно објашњене две основне и шест радних хипотеза.У закључним разматрањима докторске дисертације сублимирају се резултати истраживања и представљају предлози de lege ferenda, како би се у измењеном нормативном и институционалном оквиру омогућила ефикаснија примена нових алтернатива казни затвора у пракси кривичног правосуђа, али и остварио утицај на делотворније функционисање кривичноправног система у Републици Србији.Кључне речи: нове алтернативе казни затвора, алтернативне кривичне санкције, рад у јавном интересу, кућни затвор, алтернативне мере, кривично законодавство Републике Србије.
Predmet istraživanja i rada na doktorskoj disertaciji „Nove alternative kazni zatvora u krivičnom zakonodavstvu Republike Srbije“ predstavlja analiza pojma, sadržaja, uslova za izricanje, izvršenja i efekata novih alternativnih krivičnih sankcija i mera. Propisivanjem novih alternativa kazni zatvora novelirano krivično zakonodavstvo Republike Srbije svrstava se u red savremenih krivičnopravnih sistema koje karakteriše uspostavljanje humanijih načina reagovanja na blaže oblike kriminalnog ponašanja i razvoj alternativnog koncepta kažnjavanja učinilaca lakših krivičnih dela.Cilj istraživanja predstavlja kritička analiza normativnog sadržaja novih alternativa kazni zatvora u srpskom krivičnom zakonodavstvu i komparativna normativna analiza rešenja iz uporednih sistema, preispitivanje usklađenosti legislativnih rešenja sa osnovnim standardima u ovoj oblasti predstavljenim u međunarodnim aktima Ujedinjenih nacija i Saveta Evrope, utvrđivanje delotvornosti i efekata primene novih alternativa kazni zatvora u našem krivičnopravnom sistemu, preispitivanje opravdanosti uvođenja i realnih dometa novih alternativa kazni zatvora u suprostavljanju blažim oblicima kriminaliteta, kao i utvrđivanje uticaja njihove primene na funkcionisanje celokupnog sistema krivičnog pravosuđa u Republici Srbiji.Strukturu doktorske disertacije čini sedam poglavlja u kojima su obrađena najznačajnija pitanja koja se odnose na propisivanje i primenu novih alternativa kazni zatvora. Prvi deo posvećen je utvrđivanju pojma i razlozima nastanka novih alternativnih krivičnih sankcija i mera, kao odgovora na „krizu kazne zatvora“. U drugom delu razmatraju se tradicionalne alternative ovoj kazni i utvrđuje njihov domen primene u našem krivičnopravnom sistemu. Treći deo posvećen je nastanku i razvoju novih alternativa kazni zatvora u uporednom pravu, a četvrti najznačajnijim međunarodnim aktima u oblasti propisivanja i primene novih alternativa kazni zatvora. Peti, centralni, deo istraživanja predstavljaju nove alternativne krivične sankcije u našem krivičnom zakonodavstvu: rad u javnom interesu, kućni zatvor, kazna oduzimanja vozačkeNove alternative kazni zatvora u krivičnom zakonodavstvu Republike SrbijeXIdozvole i sistem novčane kazne u dnevnim iznosima, odnosno njihova teorijska i kritička normativna analiza, kao i utvrđivanje efekata njihove dosadašnje primene i uticaja na funkcionisanje sistema krivičnog pravosuđa. U šestom delu analiziraju se specifične nove alternativne mere u uporednom pravu kojima se potencijalno može ostvariti alternacija izricanja kazne zatvora, odnosno izvršenja kazne u penitencijarnoj ustanovi, dok je sedmi deo posvećen specifičnim alternativnim merama u našem krivičnopravnom sistemu, odnosno novim osnovama za oslobođenje učinioca od kazne, stvarnom kajanju i poravnanju učinioca i oštećenog (žrtve), institutu uslovnog otpusta, načelu oportuniteta krivičnog gonjenja i kućnom pritvoru.U skladu sa postavljenim ciljevima ovog naučnog istraživanja, a nakon sveobuhvatne analize predmeta proučavanja i na osnovu longitudinalnog istraživanja izrečenih i izvršenih novih alternativna kazni zatvora u periodu desetogodišnje primene, potvrđene su i naučno objašnjene dve osnovne i šest radnih hipoteza.U zaključnim razmatranjima doktorske disertacije sublimiraju se rezultati istraživanja i predstavljaju predlozi de lege ferenda, kako bi se u izmenjenom normativnom i institucionalnom okviru omogućila efikasnija primena novih alternativa kazni zatvora u praksi krivičnog pravosuđa, ali i ostvario uticaj na delotvornije funkcionisanje krivičnopravnog sistema u Republici Srbiji.Ključne reči: nove alternative kazni zatvora, alternativne krivične sankcije, rad u javnom interesu, kućni zatvor, alternativne mere, krivično zakonodavstvo Republike Srbije.
The subject of a research and doctoral thesis “New alternatives to imprisonment in criminal legislation of the Republic of Serbia” is the analysis of the concept, content, condition of imposition, execution and effects of the new alternative criminal sanctions and measures. Introduction of the new alternatives to imprisonment in criminal justice system ranks the Republic of Serbia legislation among contemporary criminal systems, which are characterized by the establishment of more humane ways of responding to milder forms of criminal behavior and the development of an alternative concept of treatment and punishment for perpetrators of minor offences.The objectives of the research are a critical and comparative analysis of normative content for the new alternatives to imprisonment in criminal legislation, reassessment of the compliance with minimal standards provided in international documents, determination of the effectiveness of the imposition and implementation of the new alternatives to imprisonment, reassessment of the justification and possible scope of resisting milder forms of criminality, as well as determination of the impact of their implementation in the functioning of the entire criminal justice system of the Republic of Serbia.The doctoral dissertation consists of seven chapters which are mostly addressed to the important issues relating to the regulation and implementation of the new alternatives of imprisonment. The first part is devoted to the determination of the concept and the reasons for the emergence of new alternative criminal sanctions and measures, as a response to the "crisis of the imprisonment." The second part deals with the traditional alternatives to prison sentence and determines their scope of application in our criminal justice system. The third part is dedicated to the appearance and development of the new alternatives to imprisonment in comparative law, and the fourth is dealing with most important international instruments in this domain, provided by United Nations and Council of Europe. The fifth, and the central, part of the research presents the new alternative criminal sanctions in our criminal law: community service, house arrest, the penalty of seizure of driver's license and a system of day-fines, their theoretical and critical normative analysis, as well as the effects of their application andНове алтернативе казни затвора у кривичном законодавству Републике СрбијеXIIIthe impact on the functioning in our criminal justice system. The sixth part deals with the specific new alternative measures in the comparative law, which potentially can achieve alteration of imprisonment or the execution of a prison sentence in the penal institution, while the seventh part deals with the specific alternative measures in our criminal justice system, and the effects and the impact on their implementation.In accordance with the objectives of the research, after comprehensive analysis of the subject, and on the basis of longitudinal research of imposed and implemented new alternatives in the past decade, we confirmed and scientifically explained two basic and six operating hypothesis.In the concluding remarks of the doctoral dissertation we sublimate the research results and present the proposals de lege ferenda, in order to influence the creation of a different normative and organizational framework for the implementation of the new alternatives to imprisonment, but also to make an impact on the effective functioning of the criminal justice system in the Republic of Serbia.Key words: new alternatives to imprisonment, alternative criminal sanctions, community service, house arrest, alternative measures, criminal legislation of Republic of Serbia

Orientador: Paulo César Corrêa [Unesp] Borges
Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar se o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) e o Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) concederam ou não prisão domiciliar como substitutiva da preventiva para gestantes entre 08/03/2016, entrada em vigor do Marco Legal da Primeira Infância (Lei nº 13.257/16), e 20/02/2018, data de concessão do Habeas Corpus coletivo nº 143.641, pelo STF. Com este intuito, primeiramente, no Capítulo II, serão expostas as vulnerabilidades socioeconômicas extramuros enfrentadas pelas mulheres (grávidas) em privação de liberdade no Brasil, as quais são agravadas pelas pressões emocionais, físicas e materiais decorrentes das dificuldades por elas vivenciadas no ambiente prisional. Já no Capítulo III, além da exposição dos dados principais encontrados nos julgados do STF e do STJ, no período acima mencionado, referentes à concessão ou não desta prisão domiciliar, também serão expostas informações secundárias referentes à região em que se originou o recurso cuja decisão irá se analisar; à/ao advogada/advogado ou Defensoria Pública representando a pleiteante; ao mês de gestação em que se encontrava a gestante; à quantidade de filhas/filhos que ela possuía; às idades destas/destes filhas/filhos; aos tipos penais em que foi enquadrada; ao fato de ter sido condenada (em primeira instância) ou não e, se sim, a qual pena e em qual regime inicial. Para isso, o método utilizado será predominantemente o dedutivo e as principais técnicas de pesquisa serão a revisão bibliogr... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This study aims to analyze if Brazilian Supreme Court (STF) and Brazilian Superior Court (STJ) have granted or not house arrest as a substitute for pre-trial detention to pregnant women between 08/03/2016 (Law no. 13.257/16) and 02/20/2018, date on which the STF granted the collective habeas corpus nº 143.641. For this purpose, firstly, in Chapter II, the socioeconomic vulnerabilities faced by women (pregnant women) in deprivation of liberty in Brazil will be exposed, which are aggravated by the emotional, physical and material stress derived from difficulties they experience in the prison environment. In Chapter III, the main data will be shown, regarding the granting or not of house arrest, found in judgements by the STF and STJ in the aforementioned period. Furthermore, secondary data will be analyzed, concerning the region from which the appeal originated; to the lawyer or Public Defender representing the plaintiff; to the gestation month; to the number of daughters/sons she possessed; the ages of these daughters/sons; to the felonies in which they were framed; to the conviction sentence (in the first instance) or not, and if so, to what penalty and under what regime. For this, the method used will be predominantly the deductive and the main research techniques will be the bibliographical review and the documental analysis, mainly quantitative, of judgements.
Mestre

Since 1984 in the U.S., electronic monitoring has been gradually incorporated into corrections as a means of verifying offenders' curfew compliance in programs of house arrest or home confinement. Programs of electronically monitored house arrest combine practices of community supervision found in probation, with practices of surveillance and policing found in prisons. Their combination produces a hybrid carceral form. The species of 'intermediate punishment' that is created expands the possibilities of criminal sentencing and classification. These programs have been heralded as humane and cost efficient in managing mainly 'low risk' offenders, and as a potentially effective method of dealing with prison crowding. The recent inauguration of electronic monitoring in a program of house arrest in the province of British Columbia is the first deployment of this new type of penal form in Canada. The present research investigation focuses on this program run by the B.C. Corrections Branch. Prior to a consideration of this program as the site for the present research, a necessary task in the first part of this dissertation is to review the recent literature describing programs of electronically monitored house arrest. This review describes recent electronic monitoring programs in U.S. criminal justice and correctional spheres where virtually all developments have occurred to date. After this literature review, the British Columbia research site is described and a summary of the findings of an exploratory research investigation describing the effects of this sanction on offenders is given. Despite methodological limitations of the research sample some important insights are provided about how this sanction works to control, punish, and discipline offenders. The main research question considered in this empirical investigation - how does this sanction affect offenders and their consociates? - is addressed through subjective reports provided by open-ended interviewing of a cohort of 60 offenders placed on electronically monitored house arrest in the B.C. EMS Pilot Project program. The second part of the dissertation establishes a social analytic basis, drawing on the work of Michel Foucault, for critically evaluating the local use of this new correctional option. Part II of the dissertation evaluates the disciplinary and organizational or systemic effects of the deployment of this sanction within the correctional enterprise. A framework for assessing the possibility of achieving the four penal aims of punishment, incapacitation, deterrence, and rehabilitation is employed in a re-assessment of the sanction's normalizing effects and disciplinary potential. The picture provided of the achievement of these penal objectives is mixed and indicates that more research is required. Finally, and of more overarching significance, various data sources relating to the local development and implementation of this program in B.C. are examined in order to evaluate the applicability of the hypothesis that penal reforms expand the apparatus of deviancy control, a pattern found among many recent studies of 'community-based alternatives to incarceration'. The discursive rationality accompanying the introduction of such programs suggests that costs for social control will be decreased and implies that correctional staffing can be reduced through greater efficiency. Contrary to these claims, evidence from the EMS program points to systemic expansion rather than contraction, a trend sufficiently visible to warrant further study and confirmation. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the larger significances entailed in the adoption of the new information technology, of which electronic monitoring is one pertinent example.
Arts, Faculty of
Sociology, Department of
Graduate

La problématique de la déportation ou des déportés d’Afrique de l’Ouest, durant l’ère coloniale, n’est pas assez prise en charge par l’historiographie africaine d’expression française et même anglaise qui s'est davantage appesantie plus sur les guerres, les résistances et leurs différentes formes. Ce faisant, une réalité d’un pan de l’histoire coloniale reste plus ou moins méconnue. C'est pourquoi nous voudrions étudier le thème suivant, qui a été et demeure d’une actualité brûlante: « Les déportés de la Sénégambie et du Soudan : entre résistances et répressions dans un espace colonial de 1840 à 1946 ». Les acteurs de cette histoire des déportés sont des figures emblématiques et/ou de simples anonymes, qui ont voulu défendre la terre de leurs ancêtres, diriger les destinées de leurs peuples, lutter pour le maintien des valeurs et des traditions africaines. L’histoire de « ces soldats du refus » – à savoir les chefs religieux, les combattants au service de l’islam et des valeurs ou croyances ancestrales et les chefs politiques auxquels s’ajoutent les aliénés mentaux, les bandits sociaux et délinquants, les hommes de presse, les partisans et/ou disciples des chefs et même les tirailleurs sénégalais – mérite d’être examinée. Cette thèse s’inscrit dans les questionnements d’une histoire coloniale attentive aux enjeux de la répression et du maintien de l’ordre. Face au refus manifeste des meneurs de troupes ou créateurs d’émotions de se résigner au diktat colonial, la réponse donnée par les autorités coloniales était, entre autres, de les déporter/emprisonner, les assigner en résidence surveillée, leur interdire de séjour, pour leur couper toute forme de communication, tout contact avec leur entourage et les mettre ainsi hors d’état de nuire. Dans de nombreux cas, il s'agissait d'une forme d'emprisonnement, ce qui nous conduit à l'étude du milieu carcéral qui dévoile les formes d’évitement, les conditions de vie des déportés, l’architecture liée aux questions sécuritaires, etc. L’application de cette technique de répression, entrant dans la logique des politiques de sécurité, était une manière de freiner l’élan des chefs et d’anéantir toutes les résistances coloniales. L'étude que nous souhaitons conduire vise surtout à cerner la place déterminante de la déportation dans le dispositif de répression coloniale, dans le maintien de l’ordre sécuritaire, de mainmise politique, de contrôle des hommes et des espaces, pour l’exploitation des colonies. La trame chronologique que ce travail tente d’éclairer va de 1840 à 1946, une période charnière de l’histoire coloniale en Afrique de l’Ouest, particulièrement en Sénégambie et au Soudan, en ce sens qu’elle est marquée par des transformations rapides à tous les niveaux (politique, économique, social et culturel). La déportation était-elle si fondamentale, si nécessaire pour la réalisation du projet colonial, le maintien de l’ordre sécuritaire ? Dans quelle mesure les déportés constituaient-ils un réel obstacle, une entrave à l’implantation et à l’imposition du pouvoir colonial ? Quel a été le rôle des acteurs de l’ordre dans le processus de déportation ? Cette thèse explore des thématiques majeures telles que les contextes de déportation, les abus de pouvoir des administrateurs coloniaux, l’Indigénat et la justice indigène, les motivations de la déportation, les multiples réponses des indigènes, leur arrestation et déportation, la place des agents/acteurs (armée, gendarmerie et police coloniales) dans le maintien, le rétablissement et/ou la protection de la stabilité et les conséquences politico-économiques d’une telle « technique de pouvoir»
The problem of deportation or deportees from West Africa during the colonial era is not sufficiently addressed by French- and even English-speaking African historiography, which has focused more on wars, resistances and their different forms. In doing so, a reality of a part of colonial history remains more or less unknown. That is why we would like to study the following theme, which has been and remains of burning topicality: "The deportees of Senegambia and Sudan: between resistance and repression in a colonial space from 1840 to 1946". The actors in this story of the deportees are emblematic figures and/or simple anonymous, who wanted to defend the land of their ancestors, direct the destinies of their peoples, fight for the maintenance of African values and traditions. The history of "these soldiers of refusal" – namely religious leaders, fighters in the service of Islam and ancestral values or beliefs and political leaders to which are added the mentally insane, social bandits and delinquents, men of the press, supporters and/or followers of leaders and even Senegalese riflemen – deserves to be examined. This thesis is part of the questions of a colonial history attentive to the issues of repression and the maintenance of order. Faced with the manifest refusal of the leaders of troops or creators of emotions to resign themselves to the colonial diktat, the response given by the colonial authorities was, among other things, to deport/imprison them, to house arrest, to prohibit them from staying, to cut them off all forms of communication, any contact with their entourage and thus put them out of harm's way. In many cases, it was a form of imprisonment, which leads us to the study of the prison environment that reveals the forms of avoidance, the living conditions of the deportees, the architecture related to security issues, etc. The application of this technique of repression, part of the logic of security policies, was a way of slowing down the momentum of the leaders and annihilating all colonial resistance. The study we wish to conduct aims above all to identify the decisive place of deportation in the system of colonial repression, in the maintenance of security order, political control, control of people and spaces, for the exploitation of colonies. The chronological framework that this work attempts to illuminate goes from 1840 to 1946, a pivotal period in colonial history in West Africa, particularly in Senegambia and Sudan, in that it is marked by rapid transformations at all levels (political, economic, social and cultural). Was deportation so fundamental, so necessary for the realization of the colonial project, the maintenance of security order? To what extent did the deportees constitute a real obstacle, an obstacle to the establishment and imposition of colonial power? What was the role of law enforcement actors in the deportation process? This thesis explores major themes such as the contexts of deportation, the abuse of power by colonial administrators, indigénat and indigenous justice, the motivations of deportation, the multiple responses of indigenous people, their arrest and deportation, the place of agents/actors (army, gendarmerie and colonial police) in maintaining, restoring and/or protecting stability and the politico-economic consequences of such a "technique of power"

Відповідно до державної політики, направленої на гуманізацію кримінального процесуального та кримінального законодавства виникає необхідність впровадження єдиних, наближених до європейських стандартів застосування заходів забезпечення кримінального провадження. Так, розділ ІІ Кримінального процесуального кодексу України від 13 квітня 2012 року визначає новий перелік заходів процесуального примусу, які іменуються “Заходами забезпечення кримінального провадження”. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34053

Згідно Кримінально – процесуальному кодексу України до особи може обиратись запобіжний захід, не пов’язаний з позбавленням волі, при одночас-ному застосуванні електронних засобів контролю (ЕЗК). При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34129

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
This study evaluates the factors involved in granting or denying home detention to women in pretrial detention at the Madre Pelletier Female State Prison (MPFSP), in Southern Brazil. The sampled responds to the requirements established in article 318 of the Brazilian Code of Criminal Procedure (BCCP), which recommends replacing pretrial detention with house arrest to the women who are pregnant or mothers of children under 12 years old. This research was based on two premises: (i) the enactment of Law 13.257/ 2016 known as the Legal Framework for Early Childhood - which promoted the change in the BCCP in order to meet the infants best interests - and (ii) the preparation of technical reports by MPFSP social and psychologist Assistants, later sent to the criminal process district, requesting an analysis to the house arrest granting. It was a mixed design study. Qualitative data were examined by the Discursive Textual Analysis theory, which is composed of three essential elements: unitarization, categorization and communication. Quantitative analysis encompass statistical calculations performed by Statical Package for the Social Scienses, version 21.0 for Windows. Furthermore, the sociodemographic profile of a total of 84 women was raised in the reports on the Justice Court website. From the analysis of the data, it was verified that 32% of the women had their request rejected. By refusing the house arrest the magistracy alleges the maintenance of public order to justify the non-granting for women in detention. However, the sample preponderance shows that the criminal imputation does not accompany violence acts. Homicide crimes accounted for only 7.1%, which shows that the majority of surveyed women in MPFSP could receive the house arrest grant. The interpretation of the discourses content reveals moralistic considerations referring to an idealized motherhood in the mold of the patriarchal culture, considering that these women are unfit for mothering precisely because they are accused of committing a crime. On the other hand, in the cases when house arrest was granting, it was evidenced by the judiciary the understanding of the indispensability of the maternal figure for the care of the children, thus protecting the best interest of the infant. Such findings may contribute to the elaboration of affirmative actions that subsidize the strengthening of house arrest concessions. Under the bastion of the Public Security Policy known as "Zero Tolerance", preventive detention could be understand as a social control tool of women who disregard the social role attributed to the feminine by the androcentric and patriarchal culture here represented by southern criminal justice system.
O presente estudo tem como objetivo conhecer, a partir da utiliza??o da An?lise Textual Discursiva, o tom do discurso da magistratura ga?cha, para conceder ou indeferir a pris?o domiciliar ?s mulheres em situa??o de pris?o preventiva no Pres?dio Estadual Feminino Madre Pelletier, que respondem ao requisito de serem m?es de crian?as menores de 12 anos ou estejam gestantes, conforme preconiza o artigo 318 do C?digo de Processo Penal. A justificativa para elabora??o de tal investiga??o partiu da promulga??o da Lei 13.257/2016, conhecida como Marco Legal da Primeira Inf?ncia ? que promoveu a altera??o no CPP no fito de atender o melhor interesse dos infantes ?, e da elabora??o de relat?rios t?cnicos por Assistentes Sociais e Psic?logas do PEFMP, posteriormente encaminhados para a comarca de origem do processo criminal, solicitando an?lise para a concess?o da pris?o domiciliar. Foi tamb?m levantado o perfil sociodemogr?fico das r?s, totalizando 84 amostras que continham manifesta??o nos despachos no s?tio eletr?nico do TJRS. Tratou-se de estudo com delineamento misto. A an?lise quantitativa foi realizada por meio de c?lculos estat?sticos do Statistical Package for the Social Scienses ? SPSS, vers?o 21.0 para Windows. J? os dados qualitativos foram analisados pela teoria da An?lise Textual Discursiva, e comp?em um ciclo de an?lise composto por tr?s elementos essenciais: a unitariza??o, categoriza??o e comunica??o, que resultaram no corpus das an?lises. A interpreta??o do conte?do dos discursos destacou que, ao indeferir a pris?o domiciliar, a magistratura ga?cha utiliza-se da manuten??o da ordem p?blica para justificar a n?o concess?o da medida cautelar diversa da pris?o para mulheres em situa??o de pris?o preventiva, apresentado algumas considera??es de cunho moralista referentes a uma maternidade idealizada nos moldes da cultura patriarcal, ao considerarem essas mulheres inaptas ? maternagem justamente por serem acusadas de cometimento de delito, em que pese que a preponder?ncia da amostra tenha demonstrado que a imputa??o penal n?o acompanha atos de viol?ncia. Na outra esteira, ao concederem a pris?o domiciliar, ficou evidenciado pela magistratura o entendimento da imprescindibilidade da figura materna para o cuidado dos filhos, resguardando assim o melhor interesse da crian?a. Tal constata??o pode vir a contribuir na elabora??o de a??es afirmativas que subsidiem o fortalecimento das concess?es de pris?o domiciliar, diante do fato, como ficou demonstrado, que a pris?o preventiva de mulheres configura-se enquanto ferramenta de controle social sob a ?gide do recrudescimento da Pol?tica de Seguran?a P?blica conhecida como ?Toler?ncia Zero?.

Cette recherche porte sur la "violence faites aux femmes" en Libye, et plus précisément à Tripoli. Depuis plusieurs années, cette question est interrogée sur les scènes nationale et internationale, donnant lieu à l'adoption de plusieurs textes législatifs. Pourtant, malgré cela, les crimes sexistes continuent de se pratiquer dans les pays développés mais aussi et plus particulièrement dans les pays pauvres. Afin d’étudier le lien entre ces violences et l"état de sous-développement, cette thèse présentera dans une première partie, le champ théorique de l'enquête avant d’expliquer, dans une seconde partie, les particularités du terrain d'enquête, à savoir la société libyenne. Les données concernant les conditions d’existences des femmes, et la législation touchant leur statut permettront, dans le cadre d'une troisième partie, d'analyser les résultats obtenus à un questionnaire soumis à un panel de 45 hommes condamnés ou en attente de jugement, pour le commission d'actes de violence envers les femmes
This research concerns the "violence against women" committed in Libya. For years, this question has been asked on the national and international scene, resulting in the adoption of several law. Yet, despite this, gender-based crimes continue to be practiced in developed countries but also and especially in poor countries. To investigate the link between the violence and the state of underdevelopment, this thesis will present, in a first part, the theorical scope of the study before, in a second part, explaining the characteristics of the field survey : the Liban society. The data concerning the liffe conditions of women, and legislations affecting their will, in the third part, permit to analyse the results to a questionnaire sent to a panel of 45 men, convicted or awaiting judgement for the commission of acts of violence again women

This thesis deals with house arrest punishment as an alternative to classical imprisonment. It starts with analysing various perspectives on the purpose of punishment, penalty function and using human ? law documents defines limits for sentencing in the criminal justice system. Furthermore this work overviews house arrest punishment by historical moments in different legal standards of the Czech Republic since dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire to the present. This work describes the current legal system of house arrest punishment, methods of control, tasks of the Probation and Mediation Service in connection with house arrest punishment and compares it with classic imprisonment. At the same time it contains a brief overview into different foreign laws and ethical analysis of some aspects of house arrest punishment. In conclusion, the author assesses if house arrest punishment fulfils the purpose of the punishment in the soft form of personal freedom limitation and looks at this institution from the perspective of legal aspect ?de lege ferenda?.

My thesis is called The Alternative Punishments in czech criminal law. I have chosen this topic as using alternative forms of sanctions alongside with traditional punishments is a product of the last decades in our legal order and remains very actual question untill now. The crime rate is constantly rating therefor it is necessary to react on it adequally with providing a wide range of sanctions. As one of the governing principles in czech criminal law is a principle of humanity the alternative punishments take a pricipal place in our legal order. The main purpose of my thesis is to analyse and clarify the particular forms of alternative punishments. Those sanctions bring a lot of advantages for convicted in contrary to other traditional punishments as they are not issolated from society and have a chance to re-educate themselves. The alternative punishments are useful and cheaper than short-term confinement. This thesis focuses on the analysis of the actual legislation, assesses changes brought by the new criminal code and defines proposals which would imporove the legislation in future. The thesis is composed of eight chapters. First chapter is subdivided into three parts. The first part deals with the term and purpose of the punishment, the second analysis theory of punishment and the third one discusses...

Text in Afrikaans
In hierdie verhandeling onderneem die navorser 'n teoretiese en filosofiese studie, binne 'n penologiese perspektief, ten einde 'n ondersoek na korrektiewe toesig as 'n alternatiewe strafvorm te bepaa] • Kennis en insig wat sodoende ingesame] is, kan aangewend word om die stelsel in Suid-Afrika te hevorder. Hierdie verhandeling word verdeel in 'n inleiding oor die metodologie en akademjese verantwoording van die studiegebied van penologie, die rasionaal v1r die soeke na alternatiewe vir korttermyngevangenisstraf; die historiese aanloop vir die vestiging van korrektiewe toesig in Suid-Afrika, die funksionering van die korrektiewe toesigstelsel van Suid-Af rika, die funksionering van beide die basiese en intensiewe toesigstelsel (IPS) van die Staat. Georgia In this dis se rL:i ti on the rPsea t·che r n nde rt.a kes a t heo ret ica l and philosophical study within a penological perspective in order to investigate correctional supPrvision as an alternative form of punishment. Knowledge and insight obtained in this way can be applied to promote this system in Sout_h Africa. The thesis is divided into an introduction relating to the methodology and the academic responsibility of the study area of penology, the rasionale for an alternative form of short term imprisonment, the historical backgro11nSociology
M.A. (Penology)

This thesis concerns Blessed Vasyl’ Velychkovs’kyi’s first arrest and imprisonment in the years 1945-1955. Based on the evidence in two volumes of SBU archival documents which were obtained in 2009 from the Kyiv SBU archives, it tells the story of his arrest, the investigation process, interrogation, trial and sentencing. The thesis provides the reader with a short introduction to the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church and its clergy in Galicia. It describes how the Soviet government, after it invaded Galicia in 1939, began to persecute the Catholic population, which was unwilling to switch to Russian Orthodoxy. A close examination of the SBU archival documents proves Velychkovs’kyi’s innocence and provides evidence of fabricated accusations, forced confessions, the use of physical and psychological abuse. These violations of criminal law and human rights were done in order to compel him to cooperate with the Soviet authorities. Velychkovs’kyi’s treatment is an example of what many prisoners who died for their faith suffered. In most cases their life stories will never be told.

Juvenile crime and juvenile criminals are the focus of one key area of society. Criminal acts are commited by youth especially in big towns and cities and they are accompanied by increasing manifestations of aggression. The number of juvenile crimes commited under the influence of narcotics and psychotropic substances continues to rise. There was an important moment when a specific law, no. 218/2003 Sb. Which regards the responsibility of juveniles for unlawful acts and also the judicial system concerning youth, was enacted. Juveniles perceive imprisonment on a significantly worse scale than adults do. Therefore, it is quite possible to influence juveniles in a more positive way by means of a suitable penological and pedagogical approach. Placing juveniles under arrest, their eventual conviction and their eventual imprisonment and confinement is the last solution. This thesis focuses on the research of how juveniles perceive their arrest as they within the Czech prison system. The data was gained by means of the qualitative research method with the use of a half-standardized interview. These interviews took place with ten men, who spent time under arrest as juveniles or young adults (up to 26 years of age). The goal of the diploma thesis was to map the situation of the arrest solution problems due to juvenile criminal activities, to answer some research questions and to eventually offer an optimized solution. These goals have been reached. The findings of this thesis can be beneficial for everybody who deals with the problems of juvenile crime and juvenile criminals. The recorded interviews, which describe the cause, the progress and the results of crime and criminals, as well as the execution of the arrests are of particular importance.

This thesis deals with the house arrest sanction which is one of alternatives of the unsuspended sentence of imprisonment. The author tries to summarize accessible information on the history of house arrest and electronic monitoring. The main aim of the thesis is to briefly present substantive and procedural legal regulation of the house arrest sentence in the Czech Republic. This thesis also covers other issues such as the role of the Probation and Mediation Service in the process of imposing the sanction of house arrest and in the enforcement of this sanction, advantages and disadvantages of house arrest and the outline of legal regulation of house arrest in some other states.

Resumé The study relates to the alternatives to unconditional sentence of imprisonment. The purpose of the study is to focus on the advantages and disadvantages of the alternative punishments and to discribe the application of chosen sentences in practise. The first part of my study is the introductory and defines basic terminology and institutes related to the topic. The second part looks at individual alternative punishments, coditions of their imposing and service of the sentences. The study is composed of six chapters. Chapter One explains the term punishment . It is subdivided into three parts. Part One defines the purpose of the punishment. Part Two briefly compares the absolute and the relative theory of the punishment and Part Three describes the principles of imposing the punishments. Chapter Two provides starting points of imposing the alternative punishments. This chapter consists of three parts. Part One is concerned with the restorative justice. Part Two explores the institutes of probation and mediation and Part Threee shows the advantages of the alternatives to unconditional sentence of imprisonment. Chapter Three deals with the alternative punishments. It is subdivided into four parts. Part One describes historical development of the alternative punishments. Part Two analyzes the aplication...

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the house arrest punishment as one of the alternatives to the imprisonment and to map the contribution of this punishment for the Czech criminal law. This thesis offers a short view in to history of this punishment. The main part of this thesis is an analysis of substantive and procedural legal regulation and analysis of the conditions for imposition of the house arrest punishment and its execution. Space is given also to Probation and Mediation Service of Czech Republic, because it plays an important role during the imposition of the punishment and its execution. Author of the thesis focuses also on comparing advantages and disadvantages of the punishment and he tries to compare both systems of control. One chapter is given to overview several foreign legal regulations.

The diploma thesis analyses a new alternative sentence - house arrest, which was implemented to the Czech legislation by the new Criminal Code effective from January 1, 2010. Chapter One introduces the reader to the concept of punishment and the idea of restorative justice as the basis of alternative sentences. Chapter Two focuses on the history of house arrest including the beginnings of electronic monitoring. Chapters Three to Five are the most significant parts of the thesis because they provide the analysis of substantive and procedural regulation of house arrest punishment and its execution. The author highlights potential problems and tries to make recommendations de lege ferenda. Chapter Six describes the control process of house arrest enforcement provided by Probation and Mediation Service and the electronic monitoring systems available in the world. In the last chapter the author shows the experience of some European countries with the house arrest punishment and especially with the implementation of electronic monitoring which could be inspiration for the Czech Republic.

House Arrest Sentence, Its Execution and CHouse Arrest Sentence, Its Execution and CHouse Arrest Sentence, Its Execution and CHouse Arrest Sentence, Its Execution and Controlontrolontrolontrol House arrest is one of the new types of sentences brought by the new penal code, which came into force in 2010. This thesis should give a brief view on the matter of imposing, executing and control of the house arrest sentence in the Czech Republic. House arrest is a type of sentence when offender serves his sentence at home instead of prison. He or she must stay at home at night from 22.00 till 5.00 or in time determined by court and all the weekends and public holidays. It means that the sentenced person is able to perform his job or studies and take care of his/her family. Other reason for enacting the house arrest sentence is that the convicted person is not affected by the prison environment, which makes his return to normal life difficult or even impossible. Very important is also the financial matter of the sentence, because compared to imprisonment, the house arrest should save more than 2/3 of expenses. A court may impose house arrest when the criminal offence is punishable by the prison sentence in maximum duration of 5 years. The offender's explicit consent with the imposing of this sentence and other...

House Arrest Punishment, Its Enforcement and Control According to the new Criminal Code the house arrest sentence has been introduced into the Czech legal order. The repeated incorporation of this institute into our legal order represents a reaction to the situation in our society - the so called crises of the custodial prison sentence. The causes of introducing of this punishment are e.g. the intention to ease the conditions in overcrowded prisons, to save substantial amounts of money, and last but not least, to maintain positive family and work relationships of the convict. House arrest belongs among alternative sentences, i.e. punishments not connected with confining somebody into prison, which nevertheless enable to reach the purpose of the punishment equally as imposing custodial prison sentence. House arrest represents the most severe alternative sentence, which is obvious from its inserting into the provision of § 52 Criminal Code right after imprisonment. House arrest occurs in two basic types, which are the programs called ,,Back-end" a ,,Front-end". Further we distinguish between house arrest forms connected with electronic monitoring and forms without it. From July 1, 2012 to November 30, 2012 "Experimental Electronic Monitoring of the Convicted Persons" took place, the results of which clearly...

House arrest came into Czech criminal law with the adoption of the new Criminal Code 1st of January 2010. House arrest was expected to be used as the most stringent alternative to the sanction of imprisonment in cases where there is no need for a significant intervention into the life of the offender, but at the same time there is a need for more severe penalty than the usage of other alternative punishments. The thesis is divided into five chapters. Chapter one is solely devoted to concept and aim of punishment. Chapter two deals with alternatives punishments, demarcation of unconditional sentence of imprisonment to alternatives punishments and restorative justice. Chapter three focuses on the house arrest and its position in the Czech criminal law system. First part of this chapter illustrates the position and importance of house arrest in Czech criminal law system, furthermore the most important terms are also described there. Final passages of chapter three discussed in detail the conditions for the imposition of house arrest and the manner of its exercise. Chapter four is focused on an electronic control system of house arrest. This issue is currently heavily discussed in the Czech Republic as we are in the final stage of preparations that should lead to the implementation of the electronic control...

House arrest punishment, its execution and control This diploma thesis deals with the complex issues related to house arrest punishment, its execution and control as one of the most controversial questions in the field of criminal law. This diploma thesis is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter focuses on clarification of general term and purpose of punishment. It discuses absolute theory, relative theory as well as theory that combines several approaches to the actual purpose of the punishment. This chapter also describes the main criminal law doctrines which are connected to punishment. The second chapter aims on restorative justice as a system of justice which is different from retributive justice when it represents approach which tries to identify alternative solutions in criminal cases. The third chapter aims on issue of alternative punishment concerning reasons for existence of alterative punishments, kinds of alterative punishments as well as secondary sanctioning. The fourth chapter concerns the actual house arrest punishment. It discusses general questions which are connected to house arrest punishment. It describes its history, legal frame of this institute as well as conversion of house arrest punishment to custodial sentence and on the other hand conversion of other punishments...

Resumé House arrest punishment, its execution and control House arrest punishment became a part of the Czech criminal law in 2010. Even though it is possible to impose this punishment for several years, it is not so commonly used. Judges and public prosecutors are still not convinced about its efficiency due to insufficient control. In my thesis I am dealing with particular provisions concerning house arrest, conditions for which the punishment might be imposed and with possible mechanism of its control. The first chapter is about the punishment theory. It is worth mentioning because the definition of this concept is important for deep understanding of the issue. I define the main characters of the restorative justice in followed chapter. This concept has influenced the alternatives punishments into which house arrest comprises. In the following chapters I am dealing with particular provisions of the house arrest, focusing on the conditions of imposition. This criminal sanction can be imposed for misdemeanour in duration not exceeding two years. Consent of the convicted person is one of the essential conditions. It reflects the will to carry out the punishment duly under the terms imposed by a court. Execution of the house arrest consisting of the obligation to stay in a certain dwelling for a period...

House arrest punishment, its execution and control The aim of this thesis is to summarize as fully as possible the treatment of house arrest both the substantive criminal law and procedural, conditions for the sentencing and its carrying out as well as the control of respect and subsequent consequences in case of violation of the punitive terms. The thesis is divided into twelve chapters, which are further divided into subchapters. The introduction is followed by a first chapter providing a theoretical introduction to the concept of punishment, its purpose and function. Determining firstly the purpose of punishment on the basis of three theories, I concluded with a detailed description of the purpose of punishment in accordance with Czech legislation. The second chapter provides an overview of the system of penalties and includes a listing of punishments provided for by the Criminal Code. This chapter is divided into two subchapters focusing on the principles of punishment and the possibility of waiving punishment respectively. The third chapter describes the alternative sentence. This chapter is divided into five subchapters starting with a description of the system of alternative measures followed by a definition of the concept of alternative sentencing. The third subchapter deals with the...

Summary: House arrest, its execution and control The aim of this thesis is to give a comprehensive summary of the institute of the house arrest, the actual legal regulation of this punishment, to summarize its advantages and disadvantages and to draw attention to the problematic issues with it related. The thesis is divided into eleven chapters, which are divided into other subchapters. The first chapter deals with the general concept of punishment, it's purpose, functions and the general system of penalties. A separate sub-chapter constitutes a imprisoment as a basic "universal" punishment. Because the house arrest is one of the alternative punishments, the second chapter deals with the general regulation of alternative punishment. Alternative punishments closely related with the restorative justice, which is described in third chapter, in particular its aims and the principles on which it is exposed. The following chapters are the core of the thesis to the actual punishment of house arrest. The fourth chapter describe the history of the house arrest and the fifth chapter describe a general information of this sentence. The sub-chapters describe the crimes for which custodial sentences may be imposed and other conditions of house arrest, in particular the obligations of convicted. The transformation of the...

House arrest, its execution and control Abstract By reading this thesis, the reader will acquaint himself with the punishment of house arrest its execution and control and other connected legal concepts. The goal of this thesis is to summarize legislation pertaining to the above mentioned subject matter, to point out its faults and to propose improvements of the current legislation. The first part of this thesis refers to punishment in general. It investigates its core concepts and answers the question on how punishments differ from other legal sanctions. The first part also deals with the purpose of punishment and the system of punishment in framework of Czech criminal law. Alternative punishments, their principles and advantages are subject of the second part of this thesis. Furthermore, here I explore the concept of restorative justice, its principles and how restorative justice relates to alternative punishments. The punishment of house arrest itself is subject of part three of this thesis. Aside from history and current legislation, this part also deals with connected legal concepts which can be characterized as house arrest but are not punishments in legal sense. Moreover, third part is also where I examine various kinds of conversions associated with house arrest. The fourth part of this thesis zooms...

The Master's thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of possible alternatives to imprisonment. It is indisputable that incarceration is the most severe penalty that can be applied to law-breakers in the Czech Republic. To use this punitive measure in cases where it might not be appropriate would be in breach of humanitarian principles and of proportionality. For this reason, it is incumbent on states to reflect on how their correctional system might be improved. The main aim of this Master's degree thesis is to examine non- custodial sentences in the Czech Republic and briefly compare them to those in operation in other countries. It also analyses whether the Czech correctional system is satisfactory. The author explores the question of whether an improvement in this area of the penal system would result in a corresponding reduction in the prison-rate. The text focuses on house-arrest, community service orders, suspended sentences, and fines, since they are the most common non-custodial sanctions. The thesis is composed of an introduction, six chapters and a conclusion. The initial two chapters are introductory and define the basic terminology used in the text. The first chapter, which considers the concept of punishment, is subdivided into four parts. Firstly, it describes what punishment...

HOUSE ARREST, ITS EXECUTION AND CONROL The thesis gives a comprehensive overview of the institute of home detention as a new sanction incorporated into the penal system with effect from 1 January 2010. It considers certain theoretical issues regarding alternative punishments, investigates the phenomenon of alternative punishments and places home detention in its context. It aims to clarify the function of home detention as an alternative punishment, to analyse its legal status, to asses critically its practical application and to put forward some ways of addressing the problematic aspects de lege ferenda. The thesis also explains the specifics of the imposition of this sanction on young offenders. The author analyses the role of the Probation and Mediation Service in relation to home detention and cites examples of foreign experiences with this punishment from the Netherlands, Slovakia, and the United Kingdom, which constitute a source of inspiration. Special attention is paid to very topical questions regarding electronic monitoring during home detention, the introduction of electronic monitoring in the Czech Republic, its setbacks and current developments. The thesis answers the question whether the imposition of home detention is likely to reduce the numbers of people in prisons. In...

House arrest, its execution and control Abstract The presented diploma thesis deals with the alternative punishment of house arrest. This punishment became the part of Czech penal system when the new Penal Code came into force on the first of January 2010. The aim of this diploma thesis is to summarize valid substantive and procedural legislation of this alternative punishment, to evaluate its advantages and disadvantages and to propose possible changes and improvements of weaknesses of current legislation. First three parts of this diploma thesis are focused on essential concepts, such as punishment, purpose of punishment and its functions, alternative punishments, their introducing to legal orders, negative aspects of custodial sentence and explanation of retributive and restorative conception of justice. Following parts are focused on issues related to valid legislation of house arrest punishment. These parts are major essence of the thesis. In the fourth part of this thesis there is analysed evolution of this punishment and there are described and explained requierements for this punishment. In this part there is also explained the essence and the content of house arrest and issues linked to house arrest execution. The fifth part is dealing with house arrest control and it is divided into two chapters....

This thesis deals with alternatives to unconditional imprisonment. Since this is a very extensive topic, I have focused only on alternative sentences in the narrower sense of the term, namely conditional conviction, conditional conviction with supervision, house arrest, community service and financial punishment. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the Czech lawful legislation of alternatives to unconditional imprisonment, to compare it with selected French alternative sentences and to propose changes de lege ferenda. The thesis consists of an introduction, five chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter deals with the concept of punishment and its purpose. At the same time, this chapter outlines a general introduction to alternative punishments in Czech and French legislation. The second chapter deals with institutes related to restorative justice, namely probation and mediation. This chapter also describes the organisation of the Probation and Mediation Service. The third chapter focuses on individual Czech alternative punishments in the narrower sense. Individual subchapters are ordered according to the systematic of law. Within each subchapter the sentence is characterized, followed by a list of conditions under which the sentence can be imposed, as well as the conditions for the execution...

The main aim of my thesis is to develop an analysis of current legislation governing alternative sentences, their possibilities and limits comparing it with other European Union countries. The thesis also examines the proposals de lege ferenda that could be used as a benchmark and a guide for future amendments to the current regulation. The notion of alternative sentencing became a global trend in the last two to three decades; this is the result of, inter alia, of continuous increase in the number of inmates, prison overcrowding and congestion of the judicial apparatus. Crescent crime and new forms of crime (especially economic) hit the Czech Republic as a former socialist country in the post-revolutionary times, very assertive. The results of studies and language experts warn against lax approach in the form of increased storage imprisonment and criminal policy tightening. There is also talk about crisis imprisonment. It is clear that an unconditional sentence of imprisonment has its benefits, such as preventive effect, in my opinion, however, the left especially serious crime offenders and recidivist behavior: "Nesit summum malum dolor, malum certe est." Instead of intramural prison environment with significant social and deviant subculture find great potential in alternative prison sentences, which are...

The objective of the socially and pedagogically oriented diploma thesis is to find out the social and integration benefit of the house arrest punishment. The thesis has a theoretical-empirical nature. The theoretical part of the thesis is based on professional literature with the topics of punishments, history and foreign experience with the home arrest punishment within the context of restorative justice principles. At the same time, there is defined the activity of probation officers, and the issue of alternative punishments is reflected from the perspective of social pedagogy as a life aid. Qualitative research discovering benefits and weaknesses of the home arrest punishment in the current probation practice was selected for the empirical part. There were carried out interviews with probation workers from the department of electronic monitoring system and judges who impose the home arrest punishment. There will be proposed recommendations for the efficient use of the home arrest punishment on the basis of the research.

The aim of this thesis is to give a comprehensive overview about the one of alternative sanction incorporated into the czech penal system with effect from 1 January 2010. The thesis devotes definition of general term "punishment", its help to better understanding of house arrest, the crux of this thesis. It aims to clarify the reasons for which legislator has decided to file this sanction to system of punishment, but also it aims to outline arguments standings against these procedure. The thesis also give a historical perspective about possibilities of using house arrest in the past. The primary aim of this thesis is focus on the current legislation of house arrest from the sight of substantive law and also procedural law. My attempt was describe several imperfections of legislation and propose the method to improve it alternatively. Part of the thesis devotes to Probation and mediation service considering to actually during of control the house arrest. Without this service the house arrest probably couldn't be ussed. The thesis is supplemented by probation officials opinions and by issues which they work with every day. With this matter also associate the provision of the act about electronic monitoring which still isn't in effect and actually situation of procurement to operator of electronic...

House arrest, its execution and control This thesis focuses on the punishment of house arrest and its position as an alternative punishment. Its aim is to provide a comprehensive view of this institute in a broader context, to reveal its advantages and disadvantages and to evaluate its development so far. Given one of the functions of house arrest as a substitute for imprisonment in particular, the work goes in this direction and evaluates this aspect from several possible perspectives. The assessment is then based on a comparison of the theoretical assumptions and results of the practice, which offers a comparison of the actual use of punishment and its likely development in the coming years, including de lege ferenda. The first part of the thesis is conceived as a general introduction which aims to introduce the concept of punishment, including its purpose, meaning and function. The following section than narrows the broad subject of punishment to alternative punishments, among which house arrest is included. One subchapter is also devoted to the concept of restorative justice as the cornerstone of alternative sanctioning. The second part of the thesis deals with the main topic and analyzes all the requirements of the house arrest. These chapters describe its development, meaning, purpose and...

Punishment of house arrest, its execution and control Abstract This thesis deals with the punishment of house arrest. It describes the legal regulation of this punishment, further evaluates the practice and draws attention to the shortcomings. The thesis first defines the Czech system of punishments imposed for criminal offenses and describes the position of the punishment of house arrest in this system and its relationship to other punishments. The thesis further analyzes the substantive legislation of the punishment of house arrest in the Criminal Code, explains the ambiguities in the regulation and tries to recommend changes that could benefit this regulation. Moreover, the thesis deals with the legal regulation of the conversion of a punishment of house arrest sentence into a custodial sentence, which occurs when the execution of the punishment of house arrest sentence is violated. In addition, it deals with the legal regulation of the conversion of other punishments into the punishment of house arrest, draws attention to its shortcomings and proposes changes. In addition to the substantive legislation, the work also describes the execution of punishment of house arrest and all related cases where the punishment of house arrest cannot be executed. Furthermore, in this work, two ways of control of the...

The name of my thesis is Alternatives of unconditional sentence of imprisonment. Because of a very wide range of alternative of unconditional sentence of imprisonment, I concentrated on suspended sentence, community service, house arrest and fine. I tried to present proposals base on studying laws, judicial decisions, czech and foreign literature. My compulsory work also examines legal regulations in the other countries in order to confrontation with Czech legal regulation and contains de lege ferenda reflections. The Austrian legal regulations of alternatives to imprisonment have been chosen for the purpose of this work, because their systems are close to the system of Czech criminal law. The thesis is divided into six chapters and some of them are divided into subchapters for better clarity. The first chapter is concerned with the concept of punishing. It is subdivided into two other parts. The first one deals with term of the punishment and the second one describes the purpose of the punishment. The second chapter looks into the alternative forms in criminal law in general. This chapter is also subdivided into four parts, which describs one by one the development of the alternative forms, their system, the concept of restorative justice and last but not least the activity of the Probation and...

The Master's thesis deals with alternatives to unconditional sentence of imprisonment, the main attention is given to alternative punishments in the strict sense, primarily to conditional sentence of imprisonment, conditional sentence of imprisonment with supervision, community service orders, pecuniary punishment and house-arrest. The study consists of introduction, 8 chapters and conclusion and discusses essential principles and bases of alternative punishments and also analyses substantive and procedural legislation of each alternative punishments in Czech Republic and draws attention to their positives and negatives. The first chapter explains the term "punishment" and describes the basic features of the absolute and the relative theories of punishment and also the purpose of punishment. In the last subchapter the study looks at basic principles that are applied for imposing sentences. Chapter Two and Chapter Three deal with conception of restorative justice that brought a new view to punishing of offenders and which is a starting point for issues of Probation and Mediation. Chapter Three explores the activities of Probation and Mediation Service in Czech Republic as an institution which is also entrusted the power of probation and mediation in the area of criminal law, but not only in this...

My master thesis deals with the topic of alternatives to unconditional sentence of imprisonment. It is a vast topic, thus I have focused on alternative sentences in the narrower sense of the term, in other words, suspended sentence of imprisonment, suspended sentence of imprisonment with surveillance, community service, financial penalty and house arrest. The goal of this thesis is to discuss lawful legislation of alternative sentences, to evaluate their practical usage and potentially, to suggest changes de lege ferenda, which could lead to higher rate of application of these sentences. The thesis consists of an introduction, seven chapters and a conclusion, where the three initial chapters are written in general sense. The first chapter is concerned about the term and the purpose of sentence. The concept of restorative justice, which provides us another way how to react to the criminal acting, is introduced as a part of this chapter, too. The second chapter focuses on unconditional sentence of imprisonment and issues of the short-term sentence. Furthermore, the term of alternative sentence is explained, including a brief commentary on actions of international organizations in this area, namely Council of Europe and UN. The development of these sentences in the Czech republic after 1989 is...

In connection with recodification tendencies ,many changes were made in the field of criminal law as of January 1,2012. One of the most important changes in this field was passing a new alternative punishment of house arrest. The theoretical part of the thesis mentions a purpose of the punishment and describes its role , defines current legislation of house arrest , conditions for the punishment, way of checking it . It also includes a brief look at house arrest abroad and describes activities of Probation and Mediation Service when implementing this punishment. The author describes electronic monitoring in the last chapter of theoretical part . Practical part of the thesis introduces a comprehensive overview of house arrest use in South Bohemian judicial county. The thesis was supported by available specialized literature, articles, judicature and internal methodology of Probation and Mediation Service.

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the legal issues of the sentence of house arrest. The author deals with the importance of house arrest for restorative justice, the role of this sentence among alternative sanctions to imprisonment and the legislation in the Czech Republic in her thesis. She also focuses on the history of house arrest, experience from abroad and the advantages and disadvantages of this punishment. Part of the work is devoted to the Probation and Mediation Service and Electronic monitoring.

This thesis, dealing with "House arrest as an instrument of penal policy", reflects problems of ineffective system, increasing the number of prison sentences imposed, exceeding prison capacities and consequential violation of fundamental human rights. In response to improperly configured system of penal policy, in 2010 a new Act no. 40/2009 Coll., The Penal Code was implemented, introducing new institute of house arrest to the Czech justice system. Philosophy of house arrest is in punishing the perpetrator, while maintaining positive relationships that would be otherwise disrupted by his imprisonment. Presented thesis evaluates the implementation of the punishment, reflects benefits, disadvantages and actual barriers in its successful implementation, using expert interviews.

The diploma thesis deals with the topic of a halfway house for persons released from prison. It is a specific target group of clients of this social residential service. The diploma thesis contains a theoretical and practical part. The first part describes the meaning of a halfway house, its the target group of clients, the role of social curator, the execution of imprisonment and the role of probation and mediation service. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether young offenders after release are interested in this social service. The practical part of the diploma thesis includes a structured interview with clients halfway houses in the Pilsen, Karlovy Vary and Central Bohemia regions. The interview consisted of 25 questions; the answers are sorted and presented in tables. From the results it can be concluded that young offenders are informed about this social residential service, but after release from prison they prefer another accommodation option. Their last choice is a to becoming a client of a halfway house, one of the reasons why can be the feeling of continued control over their lives such as in prison.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito apresentada à Faculdade de Direito
As sociedades contemporâneas confrontam-se, cada vez mais, com fenómenos criminais abrangentes e complexos e a pena de prisão continua a ser o “paradigma” sobre o qual assenta o discurso das penas na sua globalidade, sendo, contudo, em alguns casos, reconhecida, a sua manifesta incapacidade para o cumprimento das finalidades punitivas.Neste sentido, o presente estudo versa, inicialmente, sobre o surgimento da Vigilância Eletrónica no ordenamento jurídico português, inicialmente enquanto forma de fiscalização do cumprimento da medida de coação obrigação de permanência na habitação e posteriormente enquanto forma de fiscalização do cumprimento de outras penas e medidas que implicam não só a permanência do arguido ou condenado à habitação, como também a proibição de contactos com a vítima. Deste modo, atualmente, no direito vigente, após as alterações introduzidas pela Lei n.º 94/2017, de 23 de agosto, a permanência na habitação, apresenta-se com uma tripla natureza jurídica, nomeadamente, como uma medida de coação (obrigação de permanência na habitação), como uma forma de execução da pena de prisão (adaptação à liberdade condicional, modificação da execução da pena de prisão e regime de permanência na habitação) e uma regra de conduta (crime de incêndio florestal) a que o condenado poderá ser sujeito.Após um breve enquadramento histórico dos motivos que despoletaram o surgimento do regime de permanência na habitação no ordenamento jurídico português, pretendeu-se explanar e esclarecer todo o seu regime jurídico, concluindo-se que se trata de um incidente (ou medida) de execução da pena de prisão.
The contemporary societies are confronted with complex criminal phenomena, and the prison sentence continue to be the "paradigm" on which sentence it is based, but in some cases it is recognized, the manifest inability to the fulfillment punitive purposes.In this sense, the present study deals, initially, with the emergence of Electronic Monitoring in the portuguese legal system, firstly as a form of surveillance the home confinement, and later, as a form of surveillance the other sanctions and measures which imply, not only the obligation to stay in home confinement, as also the prohibition of contacts with the victim.That way, currently, in the current law, after the amendments introduced by the Law n.º 94/2017, of 23 august, the House Arrest, presents itself with a triple legal nature, namely, as a coercion measure (the obligation of home confinement) as a form of execution of the prison sentence (adaptation to probation, modification of the execution of the prision sentence, and house arrest) and a rule of conduct (forest fire crime) which the offenders may be subject.After a brief historical background of the reasons that triggered the emergence of the House Arrest in the portuguese legal system, will be explained and clarify the entire legal regime, concluding that, this is an incident (or measure) of execution of the prison sentence.KEYWORDS: Electronic Monitoring; Surveillance of Home Confinement with Electronic Monitoring; House Arrest.KEYWORDS: Electronic Monitoring; Surveillance of Home Confinement with Electronic Monitoring; House Arrest.KEYWORDS: Electronic Monitoring; Surveillance of Home Confinement with Electronic Monitoring; House Arrest.KEYWORDS: Electronic Monitoring; Surveillance of Home Confinement with Electronic Monitoring; House Arrest.~KEYWORDS: Electronic Monitoring; Surveillance of Home Confinement with Electronic Monitoring; House Arrest.

O Sistema Carcerário feminino tem recebido cada vez mais mulheres que cometem crimes e que são condenadas ao regime fechado. Contudo, muitas delas são mães e inclusive, de menores ou deficientes. Porém, cabe ressaltar que no país a lei n. Lei 13.769, de 19 de dezembro de 2018, surge para garantir a prisão domiciliar e novos critérios de progressão de pena para mulheres mães e gestantes. Dada a não efetividade dessa lei para todas as reclusas que atendem ao perfil do instrumento jurídico que se fez necessário, aprofundarmos nesta temática. O objetivo geral dessa pesquisa é verificar se prisão domiciliar para mulheres mães constitui um fator preponderante para a sua socialização. Para contribuir com a resposta desse objetivo, busca-se responder os seguintes objetivos específicos: apresentar o contexto do Sistema Prisional domiciliar e sua forma de acesso pelas mulheres mães julgadas e condenadas pela justiça brasileira. Verificar se os direitos das mulheres mães em ter acesso aos seus filhos menores, com a prisão domiciliar são cumpridos. Apresentar os benefícios da prisão domiciliar para as mulheres mães do sistema prisional domiciliar. A pesquisa contou com um questionário que foi preenchido pelas reclusas e a colheta dos dados ocorreu entre os meses de abril e maio de 2019. Participaram cerca de 40 reclusas em que a aplicação do instrumento se deu de forma individual, em uma sala que foi reservada para a investigação, sendo esclarecido a cada uma a finalidade e a importância deste instrumento de investigação e o sigilo dos dados. Percebeu se ao longo da análise dos resultados, que as reclusas embora conheçam a lei que contempla o benefício de reclusão domiciliar, as mesmas não acreditam que el a poderá atender a todas, o que mostra a falta de estrutura do poder público em efetivar uma norma vigente e que tem o peso de um Acórdão do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça.
The female Prison System has received more and more women who commit crimes and are condemned to the closed regime. However, many of them are mothers and even minors or disabled. However, it should be noted that in the country, law no. Law 13,769, dated December 19, 2018, arises to guarantee the house arrest and new criteria of progression of sentence for women mothers and pregnant women. Given the non-effectiveness of this law for all inmates who meet the profile of the legal instrument that has become necessary, deepen this issue. The general objective of this research is to verify whether house arrest for women mothers is a preponderant factor for their socialization. In order to contribute to the response of this objective, the objective is to answer the following specific objectives: to present the context of the domestic prison system and its form of access by mothers who are tried and convicted by the Brazilian courts. Check that the rights of women mothers in having access to their minor children with the house arrest are met. To present the benefits of house arrest for women mothers of the domestic prison system. The survey had a questionnaire that was filled by the inmates and the data collection took place between April and May 2019. About 40 inmates participated in which the instrument was applied individually in a room that was reserved for the investigation, being clarified to each one the purpose and importance of this instrument of investigation and the secrecy of the data. It was noticed during the analysis of the results, that the prisoners although they know the law that contemplates the benefit of home confinement, they do not believe that it will be able to attend to all, which shows the lack of structure of the public power in effecting a norm in force and which has the weight of a judgment of the Supreme Court of Justice.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to describe and explain the main features of implementation practice of house arresting in the Czech Republic and consequently propose possible ways out in relation to subsequent (and successful) continuing of implementation procedure. In terms of theory there are reflected approaches of criminal law, criminology, penology, sociology and public policy. Within the research work, the space had been given to those participants immediately concerned and affected with house arresting agenda - judges, prosecutors, probators, ministry officers (Ministry of Justice), attorneys, watchdog organizations and experts on criminal law from academic sphere. House arresting had entered valid legal regulations in connection with new criminal law effectual since 1.1.2010. This new regulation substituted the pristine penal code. In new criminal law is significant shift of accent from tangible to formal conception of culpability. By the analysis of key participants of objective policy, identification of possible goals, adumbration of solution options is finally formulated optimal version. In terms of this version are reflected possibilities of evaluation and monitoring. Special attention is payed to identification of crucial risks and problems related to implementation practice, which...

A presente dissertação, realizada no âmbito do Mestrado em Direito, com especialização em Direito Criminal, destina-se à obtenção do grau de Mestre, tendo como destino a sua apresentação à Escola do Porto da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Católica Portuguesa. Este estudo, que se centraliza importada para o nosso ordenamento jurídico pela Lei n.º 94/2017, explora a decisão do legislador português em aditar um artigo na parte especial do Código Penal Português, que permite a adoção de um novo regime sancionatório quanto ao crime de incêndio florestal. Com este trabalho, que irá incidir sobre os institutos da pena relativamente indeterminada, da medida de segurança de internamento de inimputável por anomalia psíquica e do regime de permanência na habitação, sujeito a vigilância eletrónica, pretendemos perceber se esta alteração legislativa consegue, de facto e na verdade, alcançar os os propósitos a que se propôs para o biénio 2017-2019, fixados na Lei n.º 96/2017, de 23 de agosto, e que se enquadram, de uma forma genérica, nos objetivos, prioridades e orientações de política criminal, tendo “em vista uma resposta sancionatória de natureza penal que seja, simultaneamente, mais capaz na tutela dos bens jurídicos protegidos pela incriminação e que atente á reintegração do condenado na sociedade”1.
The present dissertation carried out within the scope of the Master ’ of Law, specialized in Criminal Law, is aimed at obtaining the degree of Master, with the intent of its presentation to the School of Porto of the Faculty of Law of the Catholic University of Portugal. Focused on the new legislative amendment, operated by Law n.º 94/2017, the study goes through the review of the political-criminal orientation by adding an article in the special part of the Portuguese Penal Code, which allows the adoption of a new sanctioning regime regarding the forest fire crime. With this work, which will focus on the institutes of the relatively undetermined penalty, the security measure of psychiatric internment and the house arrest regime with electronic surveillance, we aspire to understand if this legislative change succeeds in achieving the purposes that it proposed for the biennium 2017-2019, set out in Law n.º 96/2017, of 23rd August, that fit, generally, in the objectives, priorities and politicalcriminal guidelines, “seeking a sanctioning response of a criminal nature that is, at the same time, more capable in protecting the legal assets secured by the criminality and that attends to the reintegration of the convicted person into society”2.