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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Important crops

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Academic literature on the topic 'Important crops'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Important crops"

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Mitra, S. K. "IMPORTANT MYRTACEAE FRUIT CROPS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 849 (January 2010): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2010.849.2.

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Subramanyam, V., and M. Devarajulu. "Production trends of important crops in India." ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 10, no. 11 (2020): 975–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2020.01670.5.

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Thapa, A., S. Datta, A. N. Dey, and P. Baisare. "Advance Propagation Techniques in Important Spice Crops." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 8 (September 10, 2017): 1979–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.609.242.

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Rana, Abhishek, R. S. Chandel, K. S. Verma, and Manishkumar J. Joshi. "Termites in Important Crops and Their Management." Indian Journal of Entomology 83, no. 3 (2021): 486–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8172.2021.00001.8.

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Lizada, Ma C. Concepcion, Fukio Ikeda, and Kazuo Chachin. "Quality Problems in Important Fruit Crops in ASEAN." Engei Gakkai zasshi 67, no. 6 (1998): 1164–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.67.1164.

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Zdravkovic, Jasmina, Nenad Pavlovic, Zdenka Girek, Milan Zdravkovic, and Dejan Cvikic. "Characteristics important for organic breeding of vegetable crops." Genetika 42, no. 2 (2010): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1002223z.

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The remarkable development and application of new genetic The Institute for Vegetable Crops possesses a rich germplasm collection of vegetables, utilized as gene resource for breeding specific traits. Onion and garlic breeding programs are based on chemical composition improvement. There are programs for identification and use of genotypes characterized by high tolerance to economically important diseases. Special attention is paid to breeding cucumber and tomato lines tolerant to late blight. As a result, late blight tolerant pickling cucumber line, as well as late blight tolerant tomato lines and hybrids are realized. Research on bean drought stress tolerance is initiated. Lettuce breeding program including research on spontaneous flora is started and interspecies hybrids were observed as possible genetic variability source. It is important to have access to a broad range of vegetable genotypes in order to meet the needs of organic agriculture production. Appreciating the concept of sustainable agriculture, it is important to introduce organic agriculture programs in breeding institutions.

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Alan, Ali Ramazan, and Fevziye Celebi Toprak. "Ploidy manipulation strategies for economically important Allium crops." Journal of Biotechnology 231 (August 2016): S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.127.

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JIAN, Shu-Lian, Shu-Xin LI, Sheng-Qun LIU, and Xiang-Nan LI. "Research advances of cover crops and their important roles." Acta Agronomica Sinica 48, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.03058.

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Ly, Chen. "Genetic tweak boosts yields of two important food crops." New Scientist 254, no. 3380 (April 2022): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(22)00567-x.

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M Mari, F Neri and P Bertolini. "Management of important diseases in Mediterranean high value crops." Stewart Postharvest Review 5, no. 2 (2009): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2212/spr.2009.2.2.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Important crops"

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Barman, Hari Kamal. "Screening extraction and application of botanical fungicides against some important fungal pathogens of economically Important crops of of North Bengal." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1424.

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Saha, Bikram. "STUDIES ON SOME VIRAL DISEASES OF ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT CROPS FROM SUB-HIMALAYAN WEST BENGAL AND THEIR MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/939.

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Wright, Elaine Frances. "The effect of ozone on horticultural crops important in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28356.

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An analysis of air quality data from British Columbia has identified the Lower Mainland and surrounding rural areas as one of the regions in Canada where the Canadian Maximum Acceptable Air Quality Objective of 0.082 ppm ozone for one hour is frequently exceeded. Ozone at this level has the potential for affecting crops in the Fraser Valley. Field experiments were undertaken to attempt to evaluate the effect of randomly fluctuating levels of ozone on the yield of two cultivars each of Brassica oleracea L. (broccoli), Phaseolus vulgaris L. (bean), Pisum sativum L. (pea), Daucus carota L. (carrot) in 1985 and on one cultivar each of Solanum tuberosum L. (potato) and Pisum sativum L. (pea) in 1986, using a zonal air pollution system. As there is no current consensus regarding the most appropriate numerical expression of pollutant exposure to use in vegetation response studies, a comparison of various exposure terms was also undertaken. Ozone was added in various proportions to ambient levels between 0700 and 2100 hours (PDT) throughout the growing season. Three levels of ozone addition were used in 1985 and 12 in 1986. In 1985, treatments were assigned to three blocks over which ozone was released. Each block was supplied with different total amounts of supplementary ozone, a fourth block serving as an ambient air control. In 1986, ozone treatments were randomly assigned to four sub-plots on each of the three blocks over which ozone was released, with each block receiving the same total amount of supplementary ozone. Different treatments were achieved by each sub-plot being subject to different rates of release and degrees of mixing. For both years the ozone concentration distributions achieved over the season were approximately log-normal. Additional analysis of the air quality data from the ambient air plot found other types of skewed distributions such as the three parameter Weibull, three parameter gamma and Johnsons SB (four parameter log-normal) provided better descriptions of the data. The distribution providing the best fit depended on the concentration averaging time, the daily time span over which the ozone concentrations are analyzed and the selection criterion used. In 1985, field observations indicated that there were numerous plot to plot differences for disease and soil factors, which were confounded with the ozone treatments applied. Without true replication of the treatments, differentiation between the effects due to ozone and those from abiotic and biotic causes was not possible, and hence no clear conclusions concerning ozone response could be drawn. In 1986, without the confounding of ozone and plot location, significant linear reductions in yield were found for pea and pod fresh weight using the number of days on which the concentration exceeded 25 ppb, during the vegetative growing period (D25²). A significant linear reduction in fresh potato tuber weight was found using the geometric mean of all geometric mean ozone concentrations computed between 1200 and 1259-h for the season (GH12) as the exposure statistic. A significant multiple linear regression was found for pea fresh weight using the D25¹, statistic together with the number of occurrences in which the concentration exceeded 25 ppb for two, three and four consecutive hours (2C25, 3C25 and 4C25 respectively) in an episode; and for pod fresh weight using D25, 2C25 and 3C25 as independent variates. From the results presented it seems clear that ozone at the concentrations dispensed here would have a significant negative impact on crops grown in the Fraser Valley. Based on the 1986 experiment the best case estimate indicates that yield reductions of 28% could be expected for peas and potatoes at 37 ppb ozone (expressed as the season-long 7-h mean, M7). The exposure statistics used in the present study in comparison with the season-long 7 and 12 hour means provided good fits with the data. They are easily calculated from ambient air quality data and present attractive alternatives to those exposure statistics currently in use, for assessing the potential impact of ozone on crops in the Fraser Valley and for use in the setting of air quality standards.
Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate

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Matiru, Viviene N. "An assessment of rhizobial infection, metabolite release and growth response in agriculturally important legume and cereal crops." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7420.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-180).
Reports on the natural and laboratory infection of cereals by rhizobium provided the impetus to embark on research using African landraces of sorghum and millet to study their interaction with rhizobia. Seven strains of root-nodule bacteria (namely Rhizobium GHR2, Bradyrhizobium japonicum Tal 110, Sinorhizobium meliloti strain 1, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae Cn6, R. leguminosarum bv. viceae strain 30, Rhizobium NGR234 and Azorhizobium caulinodans ORSS71, hereafter referred to as ""rhizobia"") that fix N2, were used to study rhizobial effects on sorghum and millet seedlings grown aseptically in Leonard jars with Yz strength Hoagland nutrient solution containing 1 mM KN03.

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Martin, Dana. "Investigation of the Biocontrol Activity in vitro and in planta of Different Pseudomonas Species Against Important Crown, Stem, Foliar and Root Pathogens of Ornamental Crops." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1503063395390704.

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Waller, Victor, and Astrid Wilsby. "Abaca in the Philippines, an overview of a potential important resource for the country : Relating the tensile strength of the single fiber to the microfibrilar angle." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259571.

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Due to environmental concerns and to the limited amount of fossil fuel in the world theinterest in using renewable material has been and will continue to be on the rise. With theincreasing demand for renewable materials such as bio-based fibers, the research aroundnatural fibers is intensifying. Abaca (Musa Texitilis Nee) is a plant endemic to the Philippineswhich is claimed to contain the strongest natural fiber in the world 1. However, no thoroughresearch on performing tensile strength test on single abaca fibers/cells has been found. Byperforming tensile strength test on the single abaca fibers and relate this will provide freshdata about the single abaca fiber strength that can be compared with other natural fibers.This can later be a reference tool in order to find the optimal fiber for the product to be made. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for performing tensile strength testson single abaca fibers with the major objective to relate the tensile strength and E-modulusof the fibers with their microfibrillar angle (MFA). The research was done by using Abaca(grade S2) from Camarines Sur (Philippines) that was chemically disintegrated in order toobtain single fibers. The single fibers were mounted to a custom made paper frame for thetensile strength test performed by an Instron 5944. The MFA of each fiber was also retrievedusing an optical microscope with a polarized filter. The research showed an indication of aninversely proportional relation between MFA and tensile strength of the fibers. According tothe results, the E-modulus of the single abaca fiber was almost constant, independently onthe MFA of the fiber.
The purpose of this study is to do a broad map out of the abaca industry in the Philippines. Furthermore, the study aims to provide an overview of the abaca industry as a tool for finding ways to optimize the fiber production and to find suggestions on how to make a bigger share of the profit from the abaca products to stay by the farmers in the Philippines. The objectives are therefore also focused on describing the way the abaca plant is cultivated, harvested, processed, and further distributed from the farms. Also, the objectives are to describe the abaca supply and demand situation along with identifying challenges for abaca production. Today the outmoded abaca production in the Philippines is experiencing a productivity loss which makes the farmers' incomes unnecessarily low. Important factors that, by this study, have been identified affecting the low productivity and profit are lack of proper farming management, distribution and unoptimized usage of the fibers. A big share of the abaca fibers produced is also being exported. This means that the raw fibers are being made into high-value products abroad and hence the profit to be made is dislocated further from the farmers with low means of improving their standard of living. The study has been performed by doing a literature study complemented with interviews and visits to abaca farmers and other stakeholders within the abaca industry.

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Ущаповська, Ірина Василівна, Ирина Васильевна Ущаповська, Iryna Vasylivna Ushchapovska, and Manolya Celebi. "Importance of cross-cultural competence and cross-cultural empathy." Thesis, Сумський обласний інститут післядипломної освіти (Суми, Укрина), 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45071.

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В статті ми намагаємось визначити важливість роботи з інтернаціональними студентами. Кроскультурна компетенція та кроскультурна емпатія є важливими факторами для подолання кроскультурних проблем якісно та ефективно. Ефективність зростає, коли присутня компетенція та міжкультурна емпатія розвивається, коли ви намагаєтесь відчути себе на місті іншої людини.
В статье мы пробуем определить важность работи с интернациональными студентами. Кросскультурная компетенция и кросскультурная эмпатия являются важными факторами для преодоления кросскультурных проблем качественно и эффективно. Эффективность возрастает, когда присутствует компетенция и межкультурная эмпатия развивается, когда ви пробуете представить себя на мете другого человека.
In the article, we try to define some notions important for dealing with international students. Cross-cultural competence and empathy are important capacities for coping with cross-cultural problems adequately and effectively. Effective communication can be enhanced when competence is conveyed and the ability in intercultural empathy can be developed by consistently trying to put your feet in another’s shoes.

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Velissariou, Dimitris E. "Ozone sensitivity of important crop plants around Athens, Greece." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238851.

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Britto, Ramona. "Identifying genes important for mammalian spermatogenesis : a cross-species gene prioritization approach." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S109.

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Recent advances in genomics and high-throughput technologies have significantly contributed to our understanding of spermatogenesis by identifying numerous genes expressed during the development of male gametes. These approaches do not, however, pinpoint the essential genes and several strategies can be adopted for the selection of candidate genes for functional genomic studies. The first part of this thesis describes a screen based on conserved and differential expression in the testis from three mammalian species. Homologs of candidate genes were inactivated in the C. Elegans model and worms were assayed for infertility phenotypes. The second part describes the construction of a tool for 'prioritizing' candidate genes based on phenotype and other data of relevance to the subject. We implemented a system capable of ranking genes for spermatogenesis based on multiple types of genomic information. The resulting Gene Prioritization System (GPSy) is currently the most comprehensive approach available and utilizes information available for some species to prioritize genes in a wide range of organisms. In the third part of the thesis, I applied this system to the set of candidate genes targeted by RNAi in the worm and demonstrate GPSy‘s ability to efficiently discriminate positive candidates from those showing no phenotype. I also tested the use of this tool in the mammalian context by prioritizing a list of genes identified by expression profiling of infertile patients. The justification of several high- and low-ranking genes, both in the human and the worm datasets, suggests that the system is scientifically sound and stresses the importance of a cross-species approach. Integrative genomics approaches, such as those presented in this manuscript, will play a decisive role in the identification of genes important for spermatogenesis and reproductive disorders
Les progrès récents dans les technologies de génomique et à haut débit ont considérablement contribué à une meilleure compréhension de la spermatogenèse par l'identification de nombreux gènes exprimés au cours de la différenciation des cellules de la lignée germinale. Néanmoins, ces approches ne permettent pas d'identifier directement des gènes essentiels pour ce processus et nécessitent l'intégration de plusieurs stratégies pour la sélection des gènes candidats avant d'envisager des études fonctionnelles. La première partie de ma thèse a consisté en un crible de données d'expression basé sur la conservation du transcriptome testiculaire entre trois espèces de mammifères. Par la suite, les homologues des gènes candidats sélectionnés ont été inactivés dans l'organisme modèle C. Elegans afin d'examiner d'éventuels phénotypes liés à une infertilité. La deuxième partie détaille la construction d'un outil pour la priorisation de gènes candidats, GPSy (Gene Prioritization System), basée sur l'exploitation de multiples données, parmi lesquels des données phénotypiques. Le système implémenté a pour objectif d'ordonner les gènes en fonction de leur importance relative au regard du processus de la spermatogenèse par l'intégration de plusieurs types d'informations génomiques. GPSy est actuellement l'approche la plus exhaustive disponible basée sur la transversalité des informations et données disponibles au travers d'un large éventail d'organismes (inter-espèces). Dans la troisième partie de la thèse, j'ai appliqué ce système à l'ensemble des gènes candidats sélectionnés pour le criblage par RNAi chez C. Elegans. J'ai ainsi pu démontrer la capacité de GPSy à discriminer efficacement les candidats positifs de ceux ne montrant aucun phénotype. L'utilité de cet outil a par la suite été testée chez l'homme afin de prioriser une liste de gènes montrant un différentiel d'expression dans des échantillons de biopsies testiculaires de patients infertiles. L'ensemble des résultats et des discussions associées, à la fois chez le ver et l'homme, soulignent la robustesse du système développé et l'importance d'une approche inter-espèces. A l'avenir, les approches de génomique intégrative, telles que celles présentées dans ce manuscrit, seront un atout décisif pour l'identification de gènes importants pour la spermatogenèse et la compréhension fine de ce processus complexe

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Mandal, Palash. "Bioactivity of low molecular weight peptides isolated from some important crop plants various treatments and conditions." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/hdl.handle.net/123456789/1544.

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Books on the topic "Important crops"

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Timyan, Joel. Bwa yo: Important trees of Haiti. Washington, D.C: South-East Consortium for International Development, 1996.

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Nath, Amit. Post harvest management and production of important horticultural crops. Jodhpur: Scientific Publishers, 2016.

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T, Fraley Robert, Frey Nicholas M, and Schell Jozef S. 1935-2003, eds. Genetic improvements of agriculturally important crops: Progress and issues. Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1988.

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Kannan, Elumalai. Determinants of stagnation in productivity of important crops: Consolidated report. Bangalore: Agricultural Development and Rural Transformation Centre, Institute for Social and Economic Change, 2011.

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Geza, Hrazdina, ed. Use of agriculturally important genes in biotechnology. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2000.

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Statistics, Kerala (India) Department of Economics &. Report on cost of cultivation of important crops in Kerala 2009-10. Thiruvananthapuram: Department of Economics & Statistics, 2011.

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Kannan, Elumalai. Assessment of pre and post harvest losses of important crops in India. Bangalore: Agricultural Development and Rural Transformation Centre, Institute for Social and Economic Change, 2014.

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Das, G. P. Major insect and mite pests of important crops and stored products of Bangladesh. Gazipur: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, 1998.

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Kerala (India). Dept. of Economics & Statistics., ed. Report on cost of cultivation of important crops in Kerala for 1983-84 & 1984-85. Trivandrum: Govt. of Kerala, Dept. of Economics & Statistics, 1990.

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Symposium on the Application of Tissue Culture Techniques in Economically Important Tropical Trees (1987 Bogor, Indonesia). Symposium on the Application of Tissue Culture Techniques in Economically Important Tropical Trees, Bogor, Indonesia, December 7-9, 1987: [proceedings]. Edited by Umaly Ruben C and Regional Center for Tropical Biology (Bogor, Indonesia). Bogor, Indonesia: Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Important crops"

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Basu, Avik, Saikat Kumar Basu, Ratnabali Sengupta, Muhammad Asif, Xianping Li, Yanshan Li, Arvind Hirani, et al. "Important Plant-Based Phytonutrients." In Phytonutritional Improvement of Crops, 1–82. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119079972.ch1.

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Mushtaq, Waseem, Mohammad Badruzzaman Siddiqui, and Khalid Rehman Hakeem. "Allelopathy Potential of Important Crops." In SpringerBriefs in Agriculture, 25–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40807-7_3.

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Sheri, Vijay, Tarakeswari Muddanuru, and Sujatha Mulpuri. "Genetic Engineering of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for Important Agronomic Traits." In Genetically Modified Crops, 175–200. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5897-9_9.

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Sonal, Vaja, Priya John, and Rajesh Waghunde. "Important Diseases of Yam (Dioscorea Spp.) and Their Management." In Diseases of Horticultural Crops, 545–51. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003160427-20.

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Jayalakshmi, K., J. Raju, S. Raghu, and Priti S. Sonavane. "Important Diseases of Bael (Aeglemormelos L.) and Management Strategies." In Diseases of Horticultural Crops, 97–107. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003160397-5.

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Verma, Arvind Kumar, Abhijeet Ghatak, Ram Dayal Meena, Meenakchhee Sharma, Ritesh Kumar, Vinod Upadhyay, and Rekha Balodi. "Epidemiology and Management of Important Diseases of Seed Spices." In Diseases of Horticultural Crops, 277–317. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003160465-16.

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Pandya, J. R., N. M. Patel, R. Ramya, S. L. Chawla, and L. Mahatma. "Important Diseases of Rose (Rosa Spp.) and Their Management." In Diseases of Horticultural Crops, 149–68. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003160465-9.

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Mahatma, Lalit, S. L. Chawla, and Sudha Patil. "Important Diseases of Gladiolus (Gladiolus Spp.) and Their Management." In Diseases of Horticultural Crops, 117–35. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003160465-7.

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Sonavane, Priti S., and V. Venkataravanappa. "Important Diseases of Karonda (Carissa Carandas Linn.) and Their Management." In Diseases of Horticultural Crops, 259–70. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003160397-15.

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Pandey, Puja, Rajesh Waghunde, and J. N. Srivastava. "Important Diseases of Radish (Raphanus Sativus L.) and Their Management." In Diseases of Horticultural Crops, 397–414. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003160427-14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Important crops"

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Ghazali, Siti Zafirah, Badrul Munir Md Zain, and Salmah Yaakop. "Phylogeny of economically important insect pests that infesting several crops species in Malaysia." In THE 2014 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2014 Postgraduate Colloquium. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4895288.

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Zolotarev, V. V. "PROTECTION OF PLANTS FROM WEEDS AS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT PARTS OF THE AGROTECHNOLOGY OF THE GIANT MISCANTHUS OF THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE." In Ecological and genetic bases of breeding and cultivation of agricultural crops. FGBNU "Federal Research Center of Rice", 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2022-80-82.

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ADAMOVICS, Aleksandrs, and Liena POIŠA. "EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL CONTENT IN DIFFERENT ENERGY CROPS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.143.

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For energy crops (reed canary grass and timothy grass), it is important to evaluate the sulphur and carbon content, and the harvested dry matter dependency on the fertilizer norm. Sulphur and carbon are important elements of a combustible material, and carbon is directly important as it forms the burning component. On the other hand, sulphur is an unwelcome element in combustible materials as it promotes environmental pollution. The field trials were carried out in sod calcareous soils in 2011–2013. A research was conducted to investigate the chemical content of two grasses: reed canary grass var. ‘Bamse’ (Phalaris arundinacea L.), and timothy grass ‘Jumis’ (Phleum pratense L.). Fertiliser norms (kg ha-1) applied in the research were: N0P0K0 (control), N30, N60, and N90. The harvest yield is one of the most important factors to obtain biocombustible materials; however, it does not mean that the amount of the harvest yield guarantees also a good quality of grasses. The research showed that the trial year had the most significant influence on both the sulphur yield and content in dry matter, the fertiliser norm essentially influenced the sulphur (η=30.1%) and carbon (η=6.5%) yield, but for the sulphur yield, a 6% interaction effect was established between the trial year and the nitrogen fertilizer norm.

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Buzinskiene, Rita. "An overview of biofuel potential from energy crops waste biomass." In 24th International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2023”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2023.57.057.

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In order to mitigate climate change, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and ensure the security of energy independence, it is important to expand immediately the energy crop waste biomass utilization in the agricultural sector. The aim of the study is to assess the potential of energy crop waste biomass with particular focus on biofuels in the case of Lithuania. The posed research question is: what type of energy crop waste biomass is considerable for the consumption of biofuel production. The results of analysis showed that the dominant position was associated with biodiesel production in Lithuania's transport sector, followed by bioethanol production. Biogas production has taken the lowest position in the biofuel industry. It was determined that the highest potential of biofuel was associated with four based energy crops. Unfortunately, the biofuel potential is still not used by utilization of other energy crops. The recommendation is to promote the cultivation of energy crops, such as miscanthus, hemp, switchgrass, reed canary grass, and others energy crops in the agricultural sector of Lithuania.

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Gorlova, Lyudmila, Viktoria Trubina, and Oksana Serdyuk. "Biological characteristics and economically important traits of winter false flax bred in V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “CURRENT ISSUES OF BIOLOGY, BREEDING, TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESSING OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS” (CIBTA2022) (To the 110th anniversary of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0140337.

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ELBADRY, MAMDOUH, and REYAD ISMAEIL. "The Effect of Exchange Rate Change on the Price of the Most Important Vegetable Crops in Egypt." In Third International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Economics and Management Study- SEM 2015. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-063-7-40.

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ELBADRY, MAMDOUH, NOURAN ABD, and SAMIR BASILIOUS. "An Economic Study of the Marketing Efficiency for the Most Important Crops and Agricultural Commodities in Egypt." In Third International Conference on Advances In Social Science, Management and Human Behaviour - SMHB 2015. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-067-5-103.

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Faryadi, Saba, Mohammadreza Davoodi, and Javad Mohammadpour Velni. "Autonomous Real-Time Monitoring of Crops in Controlled Environment Agriculture." In ASME 2019 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2019-9176.

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Abstract In this work, we develop a system that can be used for real-time monitoring of multiple important areas in controlled environment agriculture (and in particular greenhouses) using an autonomous ground vehicle (AGV). To model the greenhouse layout, as well as the tasks that should be accomplished by the AGV, we generate two weighted directed graphs. Based on those graphs, an algorithm is then proposed for finding the optimal (in the sense of traveled distance) trajectory of the vehicle with the goal of precisely monitoring important areas in the greenhouse. Furthermore, a data collection system and image processing algorithm is proposed and implemented so that the vehicle: (i) can capture images and detect changes that have occurred on the crops in real time, and (ii) construct (if needed) a map of the plant rows, when arriving at each one of the important areas. Based on this work, the images can either be stitched onboard the vehicle and then sent to a server or be sent directly to the server and then processed (stitched) there. Both simulation and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed system.

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Lato, Alina, Isidora Radulov, Adina Berbecea, Alina Neacsu, and Iaroslav Lato. "UREA FERTILIZERS EFFICIENCY UPON QUALITY PARAMETERS OF WINTER CROPS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/6.2/s25.45.

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Nowadays, wheat is the most important food source worldwide and rapeseed has become one of the alternative sources of energy, that is, biofuel. In the current global economic context, the practice of intensive farming, by applying large amounts of fertilizers is no longer sustained, mostly because of the negative environmental impact and also because of the high prices of fertilizers. It is imperatively necessary to practice an efficient management of nitrogen fertilizer, in order to avoid both environmental and economic negative consequences in the future years. The cereals, as wheat and oil crops, as rapeseed are characterized from the point of view of quality parameters by their content in protein and oil. These two important quality parameters are strongly related by the nitrogen fertilization level, soil type, but also by the climate conditions during the vegetation period. The three experimental fields are located in the Banat Plain, in Western Romania, on different soil types having various fertility properties. The experiment is based on studying the effect of different urea fertilizers: with nitrification inhibitor and urease inhibitor versus classic urea, in different amounts. The conclusion reached is that the most efficient nitrogen fertilizer for wheat and rapeseed crops, was nitrification inhibitor urea.

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Slave, Camelia, and Carmen Mihaela Man. "The Use of GIS Technologies in the Monitoring Grapevine Plantation." In 7th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2023 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2023.271.

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Precision agriculture represents a management approach for the entire agricultural area of a county, in this case, Ialomita county. Precision agriculture uses geographic information technology, positioning satellite data (GNSS), remote sensing and proximal collection of data. Precision agriculture is an agricultural management concept based on the observation, measurement and control of crops. Another term used to describe precision agriculture is the term crop management. Precision agriculture uses information technology to ensure that the soil and crops receive exactly what they need in the quantities required for health and productivity over time. Also, this ensures profitability, sustainability and protection of the environment, which is why it presents only benefits. In the near future using information technologies will play an increasingly important role in agricultural production and resource management.

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Reports on the topic "Important crops"

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Williams, Brian R., and Gayle Pounds-Barnett. Producer supply response for area planted of seven major U.S. crops. Washington, D.C.: Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2023.8134361.ers.

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The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Baseline provides a 10-year outlook for seven major U.S. crops (corn, soybeans, wheat, sorghum, barley, oats, cotton) and plays an important role in predicting farm program expenditures in the President's annual budget proposal. To provide the best-possible projections, it is necessary to frequently revisit the underlying models behind the baseline to ensure that they are theoretically consistent and produce realistic projections. This study examined the performance of the existing area planted equations for seven major U.S. crops in the U.S. baseline model relative to observed historical area planted values. It subsequently estimated a system of equations for seven major U.S. crops to produce price consistent supply (i.e., higher price increases own supply but decreases other crop supplies)

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Dzanku, Fred Mawunyo, and Louis Sitsofe Hodey. Livelihood Outcomes of Agricultural Commercialisation, Women's Empowerment and Rural Employment. Institute of Development Studies, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.033.

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Across Ghana, mixed-crop-livestock enterprises dominate the farming systems with most farmers producing both food staples and non-food cash crops. However, this paper focuses mainly on oil palm-producing farmers because oil palm is Ghana’s second most important industrial crop (aside from cocoa). However, it has a more extensive local value chain that allows for artisanal processing and thus, has huge potential for rural employment generation and poverty reduction. Oil palm is also one of the priority crops under Ghana’s Food and Agriculture Sector Development Policy. This paper reviews the livelihood outcomes with regards to agricultural commercialisation and how this particularly relates to women’s empowerment and rural employment in the oil palm sector in Ghana.

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Katzir, Nurit, Rafael Perl-Treves, and Jack E. Staub. Map Merging and Homology Studies in Cucumis Species. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575276.bard.

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List of original objectives (1) Construct a saturated map of melon, using RFLP, SSR, RAPD and Inter-SSR genetic markers. (2) Study the homology between the genomes of cucumber and melon. (3) Add to the Cucumis map, biologically important genes that had been cloned in other plant systems. Background Cucumber and melon are important vegetable crops in Israel and the US. Genome analysis of these crops has lagged behind the major plant crops, but in the last few years genetic maps with molecular markers have been developed. The groups that participated in this program were all involved in initial mapping of cucurbit crops. This grant was meant to contribute to this trend and promote some of the more advanced applications of genome analysis, i.e., map saturation and comparative mapping between cucurbit species. Major achievements The main achievements of the research were (a) the construction of melon maps that include important horticultural traits and Resistance Gene Homologues, (b) the development of approximately 200 SSR markers of melon and cucumber, (c) the preliminary map merging of melon maps and of comparative mapping between melon and cucumber. Implications As a result of this program, we have a good estimate of the applicability of different types or markers developed in one cucurbit species to genetic mapping in other species. Since the linkage groups of melon and cucumber can now be related to each other, future identification of important genes in the two crops will be facilitated. Moreover, the further saturation of the maps with additional markers will now allow us to target several disease resistance loci, horticultural traits for marker-assisted selection, fine mapping and positional cloning.

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Mdoe, Ntengua S. Y., Gilead Mlay, Gideon Boniface, Aida Isinika, and Christopher Magomba. Livestock, Crop Commercialisation and Poverty Reduction Among Rural Households in the Singida Region, Tanzania. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.024.

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Livestock is an important component of mixed crop-livestock farming systems in the Singida Region in Tanzania, directly or indirectly contributing to household income, food security and poverty reduction among rural people in the region. This paper examined the effect of livestock on crop commercialisation and farmers’ livelihoods in the region. The complementarity between crops and livestock in the farming systems of Singida needs to be recognised, enhanced and utilised not only by farmers and livestock keepers, but also by local government authorities and development practitioners.

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Rosero, Amparo, Iván Pastrana, Carlos Sierra, José Luis Pérez, Laura Espitia, Remberto Martínez, and Hernando Araujo. Influence of genotype and environment on quality attributes of sweet potato (Ipomea batatas Lam.). Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2018.7.

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Sweetpotato is the fifteenth most important food crop, and third between roots and tubers crops worldwide. Sweet potato crop has the capacity to adapt to different environmental conditions, and expression of quality traits is highly influenced by variety and growth conditions. We evaluate the effect of these factors on quality attributes such as dry matter content (DMC), ash content (AC), crude fiber (CF), total protein content (TPC) and brix grades (°Brix) in order to determine adequate conditions to ensure better quality in sweet potato roots.

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Seginer, Ido, James Jones, Per-Olof Gutman, and Eduardo Vallejos. Optimal Environmental Control for Indeterminate Greenhouse Crops. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1997.7613034.bard.

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Increased world competition, as well as increased concern for the environment, drive all manufacturing systems, including greenhouses, towards high-precision operation. Optimal control is an important tool to achieve this goal, since it finds the best compromise between conflicting demands, such as higher profits and environmental concerns. The report, which is a collection of papers, each with its own abstract, outlines an approach for optimal, model-based control of the greenhouse environment. A reliable crop model is essential for this approach and a significant portion of the effort went in this direction, resulting in a radically new version of the tomato model TOMGRO, which can be used as a prototype model for other greenhouse crops. Truly optimal control of a very complex system requires prohibitively large computer resources. Two routes to model simplification have, therefore, been tried: Model reduction (to fewer state variables) and simplified decision making. Crop model reduction from nearly 70 state variables to about 5, was accomplished by either selecting a subset of the original variables or by forming combinations of them. Model dynamics were then fitted either with mechanistic relationships or with neural networks. To simplify the decision making process, the number of costate variables (control policy parametrs) was recuced to one or two. The dry-matter state variable was transformed in such a way that its costate became essentially constant throughout the season. A quasi-steady-state control algorithm was implemented in an experimental greenhouse. A constant value for the dry-matter costate was able to control simultaneously ventilation and CO2 enrichment by continuously producing weather-dependent optimal setpoints and then maintaining them closely.

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Sherman, A., D. N. Kuhn, Y. Cohen, R. Ophir, and R. Goenaga. Exploring the polyembryonic seed trait in mango as a basis for a biotechnology platform for fruit tree crops. Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2021.8134176.bard.

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Mango is one of the most important fruit crops. However, the biology of this fruit tree is under studied. The lack of genetic and genomic resources has limited progress in mango research and breeding. Several research groups have recently started developing genomic tools for mango by creating transcriptome and genomic data. Sexual reproduction in plants is the main pathway for the creation of new genetic combinations. In modern agriculture, breeders exploit the genetic diversity generated through sexual reproduction to develop elite cultivars; however, these cultivars require genetic stabilization before they are suitable for mass propagation for uniform crop production. In heterozygous plants such as fruit trees, vegetative propagation (cloning) is the primary path for the propagation of genetically uniform plants. Another natural plant mechanism that can create genetically uniform plants (clones) is apomixes. Apomixis is defined as asexual reproduction through seeds that lead to the production of clonal progeny whose genotype is identical to that of the mother plant. In fruit crops like citrus and mango, sporophytic apomixes result in polyembryony, where seeds contain multiple embryos, one of which is sexually originated, and the others are clones of the mother tree. As part of this research, the reference genome of mango was established as a basic platform for mango breeding and research. It was used to map two important mango traits fruit size and polyembryony. The draft genome 'Tommy Atkins' sequence was generated using NRGene de-novo Magic on high molecular weight DNA of 'Tommy Atkins,' supplemented by 10X Genomics long read sequencing to improve the initial assembly. The final 'Tommy Atkins' genome assembly was a consensus sequence that included 20 pseudomolecules representing the 20 chromosomes of mango. The availability of a genome enables the genetic dissection of important traits. We demonstrated the utility of the genome assembly and the 'Tommy Atkins' x 'Kensington Pride' map by analyzing fruit weight phenotypic data and identifying two QTLs for this trait.

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Mahofa, Godfrey, Chrispen Sukume, and Vine Mutyasira. Agricultural Commercialisation, Gender Relations and Women Empowerment in Smallholder Farm Households: Evidence from Zimbabwe. APRA, Future Agricultures Consortium, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.022.

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Agricultural commercialisation has been identified as an important part of the structural transformation process, as the economy grows from subsistence to highly commercialised entities that rely on the market for both inputs and for the sale of crops. However, this process is likely to leave some sections of society behind, particularly women. Little empirical evidence is available in sub-Saharan Africa that examines the relationship between commercialisation and women’s empowerment. This paper fills this gap and uses data from two rounds of surveys of smallholder farmers conducted in Zimbabwe to show that agricultural commercialisation reduces women’s empowerment, while crop diversification improves women’s empowerment.

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Gillor, Osnat, Stefan Wuertz, Karen Shapiro, Nirit Bernstein, Woutrina Miller, Patricia Conrad, and Moshe Herzberg. Science-Based Monitoring for Produce Safety: Comparing Indicators and Pathogens in Water, Soil, and Crops. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7613884.bard.

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Using treated wastewater (TWW) for crop irrigation represents an important opportunity for ensuring adequate food production in light of growing freshwater scarcity worldwide. However, the environmentally sustainable approach of using TWW for irrigation can lead to contamination of produce with fecal pathogens that may remain in treated water. The overall goal of this research was to evaluate the correlation between the presence of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and that of a suite of human pathogens in TWW, the irrigated soil, and crops. Field experiments were conducted to compare secondary and tertiary TWW with dechlorinated tap water for irrigation of tomatoes, a typical commercial crop, in Israel, a semi-arid country. Human pathogens including bacteria (Salmonella), protozoa (Cryptosporidiumand Giardia), and viruses (Adenovirus [AV Types A, B, C & 40/41] and Enterovirus [EV71 subtypes]) were monitored in two field trials using a combination of microscopic, cultivation-based, and molecular (qPCR) techniques. Results from the field trials indicate that microbial contamination on the surface of tomatoes did not appear to be associated with the source of irrigated waters; FIB contamination was not statistically different on tomatoes irrigated with TWW as compared to tomatoes irrigated with potable water. In fact, Indicator bacteria testing did not predict the presence of pathogens in any of the matrices tested. High concentrations of FIB were detected in water and on tomato surfaces from all irrigation treatment schemes, while pathogen contamination on tomato surfaces (Cryptosporidiumand Salmonella) was only detected on crops irrigated with TWW. These results suggest that regular monitoring for pathogens should take place to accurately detect presence of harmful microorganisms that could threaten consumer safety. A notable result from our study is that the large numbers of FIB in the water did not appear to lead to FIB accumulation in the soil. With the exception of two samples, E. coli that was present at 10³ to 10⁴ cells/100 mL in the water, was not detected in the soil. Other bacterial targets associated with the enteric environment (e. g., Proteusspp.) as well as protozoal pathogens were detected in the TWW, but not in the soil. These findings suggest that significant microbial transfer to the soil from TWW did not occur in this study. The pattern of FIB contamination on the surfaces of tomatoes was the same for all treatment types, and showed a temporal effect with more contamination detected as the duration of the field trial increased. An important observation revealed that water quality dramatically deteriorated between the time of its release from the wastewater treatment plant and the time it was utilized for irrigation, highlighting the importance of performing water quality testing throughout the growing season at the cultivation site.

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Ullman, Diane, James Moyer, Benjamin Raccah, Abed Gera, Meir Klein, and Jacob Cohen. Tospoviruses Infecting Bulb Crops: Evolution, Diversity, Vector Specificity and Control. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7695847.bard.

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Objectives. The overall goal of the proposed research was to develop a mechanistic understanding of tospovirus evolution, diversity and vector specificity that could be applied to development of novel methods for limiting virus establishment and spread. Our specific objectives were: 1) To characterize newly intercepted tospoviruses in onion, Hippeastrum and other bulb crops and compare them with the known tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and its isolates; 2) To characterize intra- and interspecific variation in the virus transmission by thrips of the new and distinct tospoviruses. and, 3) To determine the basis of vector specificity using biological, cellular and molecular approaches. Background. New tospoviruses infecting bulb crops were detected in Israel and the US in the mid-90s. Their plant host ranges and relationships with thrips vectors showed they differed from the type member of the Tospovirus genus, tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Outbreaks of these new viruses caused serious crop losses in both countries, and in agricultural and ornamental crops elsewhere. In the realm of plant infecting viruses, the tospoviruses (genus: Tospovirus , family: Bunyaviridae ) are among the most aggressive emerging viruses. Tospoviruses are transmitted by several species of thrips in a persistent, propagative fashion and the relationships between the viruses and their thrips vectors are often specific. With the emergence of new tospoviruses, new thrips vector/tospovirus relationships have also arisen and vector specificities have changed. There is known specificity between thrips vector species and particular tospoviruses, although the cellular and molecular bases for this specificity have been elusive. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements. We demonstrated that a new tospovirus, iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) caused "straw bleaching" in onion (Allium cepa) and lisianthus necrosis in lisianthus (Eustoma russellianum). Characterization of virus isolates revealed genetic diversity among US, Brazilian, Dutch and Israeli isolates. IYSV was not seed transmitted, and in Israel, was not located in bulbs of infected plants. In the US, infected plants were generated from infected bulbs. The relationship between IYSV and Thrips tabaci was shown to be specific. Frankliniella occidentalis, the primary vector of many other tospoviruses, did not transmit IYSV isolates in Israel or the US. Furthermore, 1': tabaci populations varied in their transmission ability. Transmission was correlated to IYSV presence in thrips salivary glands. In Israel, surveys in onion fields revealed that the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman was the predominant species and that its incidence was strongly related to that of IYSV infection. In contrast, in the U.S., T. tabaci and F. occidentalis were present in high numbers during the times sampled. In Israel, insecticides reduced onion thrips population and caused a significant yield increase. In the US, a genetic marker system that differentiates non-thrips transmissible isolates from thrips transmissible isolate demonstrated the importance of the M RNA to thrips transmission of tospoviruses. In addition, a symbiotic Erwinia was discovered in thrips and was shown to cause significant artifacts in certain types of virus binding experiments. Implications, scientific and agricultural. Rapid emergence of distinct tospoviruses and new vector relationships is profoundly important to global agriculture. We advanced the understanding of IYSV in bulb crops and its relationships with thrips vector species. The knowledge gained provided growers with new strategies for control and new tools for studying the importance of particular viral proteins in thrips specificity and transmission efficiency.

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