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1

Zhao, Junru. Implicit self-theories of shyness: Predictors and correlates in preadolescence. St. Catharines, Ont: Brock University, Dept. of Psychology, 2006.

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2

Wyer, Robert S. Social comprehension and judgement: The role of situation models, narratives, and implicit theories. 2004: L. Erlbaum Associates, 2002.

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3

Social comprehension and judgment: The role of situation models, narratives, and implicit theories. Mahwah, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2004.

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4

Kreber, Carolin. Faculty's implicit theories of academic work. 1997.

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5

Birgit, Schyns, and Meindl James R, eds. Implicit leadership theories: Essays and explorations. Greenwich, Conn: Information Age Pub., 2005.

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6

(Editor), Birgit Schyns, and James R. Meindle (Editor), eds. Implicit Leadership Theories: Essays and Explorations (Leadership Horizons). IAP - Information Age Publishing, 2005.

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7

Mal, Leicester, Modgil Celia, and Modgil Sohan, eds. Systems of education: Theories, policies, and implicit values. London: Falmer Press, 2000.

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8

Knee, C. Raymond, and Kristen N. Petty. Implicit Theories of Relationships: Destiny and Growth Beliefs. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195398694.013.0009.

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9

(Editor), Birgit Schyns, and James R. Meindl (Editor), eds. Implicit Leadership Theories: Essays and Explorations (Leadership Horizons Series). IAP - Information Age Publishing, 2005.

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10

Mylopoulos, Maria. Implicit theories of innovation and expertise: Impact within medical teams. 2007.

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11

Systems of Education: Theories, Policies and Implicit Values (Education, Culture and Values). RoutledgeFalmer, 1999.

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12

Allgood, Eleanor. Implicit theories about practice become explicit: Case studies of school counsellor's experiences. 1990.

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13

Allgood, Eleanor Anne *. Implicit theories about practices become explicit: case studies of school counsellors' experience. 1991.

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14

Kercz, Richard B. Understanding the value of implicit theories of creative thinking in teachers and managers. 1992.

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15

Jr, Wyer Robert S. Social Comprehension and Judgment: The Role of Situation Models, Narratives, and Implicit Theories. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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16

Jr, Robert S. Wyer. Social Comprehension and Judgment: The Role of Situation Models, Narratives, and Implicit Theories. Lawrence Erlbaum, 2003.

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17

Vargas, Manuel R. Implicit Bias, Responsibility, and Moral Ecology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805601.003.0012.

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There are reasons that weigh both in favor and against judging agents blameworthy for actions produced in part by implicit biases. Indeed, perhaps implicit bias reveals that our received views about agency are mistaken or confused. If so, then perhaps implicit bias is not merely some further phenomenon to which we can apply our pre-existing theories of moral responsibility and agency, but instead, a kind of challenge to those theories. This essay argues that there is an appealing way of thinking about the blameworthiness of actions caused by implicit bias that allows us to accommodate some of the radical aspects of the emerging scientific picture of agency, without entirely abandoning our commonsense picture of agency. The key is to recognize how a roughly “ecological” conception of moral agency can provide us with principled resources for distinguishing when agents are in circumstances that afford responsibility, and when they are not.
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18

Chimento, Melanie D. Assessing implicit theories of creativity concerning the level of adaptors and innovators: A thesis in Creative Studies. 2000.

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19

Gauder, Kira-Sophie, and Gunda Wößner. The “reoffence mind-set” of rearrested violent and sex offenders : exploring implicit theories of persistent criminal behaviour. Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Criminal Law, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30709/978-3-86113-181-6.

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20

Stacy, Alan W., and Reinout W. Wiers. An implicit cognition, associative memory framework for addiction. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780198569299.003.0002.

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This chapter outlines a framework that applies basic research on implicit cognition and associative memory to addictive behaviours. The framework helps provide a basis for continued development of cognitive theories of addiction, and suggests how the approach can foster prevention and cessation efforts. Findings and theories from neural systems, memory, implicit processes and addiction research are considered in an attempt to derive basic principles for the framework. Measurement domains are briefly summarized. Concepts from this framework are compared with related ideas, from expectancy and cue-reactivity research areas. This framework calls for a greater focus on the specific principles derived from basic cognitive research in multiple disciplines and encourages more attempts at integration across these areas.
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21

Buhler, James. Theories of the Soundtrack. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199371075.001.0001.

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This book is concerned with summarizing and critiquing theories of the soundtrack from roughly 1929 until today. A theory of the soundtrack is concerned with what belongs to it, how it is effectively organized, how its status in a multimedia object affects the nature of the object, the tools available for its analysis, and the interpretive regime that the theory mandates for determining the meaning, sense, and structure that sound and music bring to film and other audiovisual media. Beyond that, a theory may also delineate the range of possible uses of sound (and music), classify the types of relations that films have used for image and sound, identify the central problems, and reflect on and describe effective uses of sound in film. This book does not provide an exhaustive historical survey but rather sketches out the range of theoretical approaches that have been applied to the soundtrack over time. For each approach, it presents the basic theoretical framework, considers explicit and implicit claims about the soundtrack, and then works to open the theories to new questions about film sound, often by putting the theories into dialogue with one another. The organization is both chronological and topical: the former in that the chapters move steadily from early film theory through models of the classical system to more recent critical theories; the latter in that the chapters highlight central issues for each generation: the problem of film itself, then of image and sound, then of adequate analytical-descriptive models, and finally of critical-interpretative models.
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22

West, Julie A. Do performance standards reflect conceptions of competence?: The relationship between implicit theories of competence and standard-setting judgments. [s.n.], 1998.

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23

Creativity in research: The implicit theories of faculty members in library and information science regarding what constitutes "creativity", and their ratings of recent dissertations. Ann Arbor, Mich: University Microfilms International, 1992.

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24

McCusker, Chris. Towards understanding loss of control. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780198569299.003.0005.

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Chapter 5 discusses an automatic network theory of addictive behaviours, including cognitive social learning theory and the expectancy construct, anomalies and limitations in traditional cognitive and expectancy theories, autonomic cue-reactivity phenomena, and methods of cognitive assessment, automatic cognitive processes in addictive behaviours, implicit memory structures and processes in addictive behaviours.
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25

Dagger, Richard. Fair Play and Its Rivals. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199388837.003.0004.

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Proponents of the fair-play theory of political obligation face challenges not only from those who reject or discount the possibility of political obligations, such as philosophical anarchists, but also from the advocates of competing theories of political obligation. This chapter supports the case for fair-play theory by demonstrating its superiority to its three principal rivals among such theories. Those three rival theories are grounded in either consent, association, or natural duty. All three have their attractions, but they are also vulnerable to serious objections. Their attractions, moreover, often derive from an implicit reliance on considerations of fair play.
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26

Sarah, Nouwen. Part III Regimes and Doctrines, Ch.36 International Criminal Law: Theory All Over the Place. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198701958.003.0037.

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This chapter discusses the different theories employed in the field of international criminal law, which is now increasingly supported by theory. Case theories were developed after events had taken place; operational theories were produced to match complex facts; foundational theories were created to justify existing practices; external theories tried to make sense of the phenomenon of international criminal law as it had been observed; and so did the popular theories based on everyday encounters. Ago, rather than cogito, ergo sum was the field’s implicit maxim. Against this background one still finds that factual, operational, foundational, external theories prove to be less coherent when they are considered in light of each other. Rich theories could thus emerge from more joint theorizing among those working on variably factual, operational, foundational, and external theories, between scholars and practitioners, and between scholar-theorists and quotidian theorists.
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27

Gross, Robert N. Public Monopoly. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190644574.003.0002.

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Chapter 1 explores the rise of public school systems in the United States in the middle of the nineteenth century. It discusses the ways in which the growth of public school systems accompanied new economic theories about how education should be organized noncompetitively. As public schools rose in numbers and in stature, private schools dependent on parental tuition payments declined. By the 1870s, scholars and public officials began to view educational competition as detrimental to the public good. This implicit support for public monopolies introduced conflict when Catholic school attendance surged at the end of the nineteenth century.
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28

Fales, Cornelia. Hearing Timbre. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199985227.003.0002.

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This chapter explores the concept of implicit perceptual learning through the lens of timbre sensitivity in San Francisco electronic dance music (EDM) listeners in the 1990s. Cross-fertilizing theories of timbre perception with Web ethnography, the chapter argues that members of this subculture created a shared lexicon with which to describe timbral changes in EDM music. Through this discourse, listeners slowly learned to hear their own music in a new way through a process of perceptual learning. The chapter explores the valorization of “nonspecificity” in the EDM community, claiming that timbre played a crucial role in the development of an aesthetic that eschewed conventional musical signification.
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29

Davis, Coralynn V. Homo narrans and the Irrepressibility of Stories. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038426.003.0002.

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This chapter demonstrates that Maithil women weave theories of storytelling into their tales; moreover, some of these theories resonate with those developed in multidisciplinary literatures that consider the role of narrative in human life. Three specific contentions are examined. The first is Maithil women's implicit argument that stories themselves carry a form of agency that renders them irrepressible. This irrepressibility of tales takes on a particularly gendered significance in the context of Maithil gender order. The second narratological point is that stories move and morph. When stories travel across space, genre, context, and teller, as they inevitably do, they change in meaning and content. Finally, Maithil women's tales intimate a theory about the political nature of stories and storytelling: that insights and viewpoints on the social configurations of power are embedded in tales, and therefore their telling is a form of discursive political engagement.
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30

Grünbaum, Thor, and Dan Zahavi. Varieties of Self-Awareness. Edited by K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini, and Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0017.

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This chapter argues that explicit (reflective) self-conscious thinking is founded on an implicit (pre-reflective) form of self-awareness built into the very structure of phenomenal consciousness. In broad strokes, the argument is that a theory denying the existence of pre-reflective or minimal self-awareness has difficulties explaining a number of essential features of explicit first-person self-reference, and that this will impede a proper understanding of certain types of psychopathology. The chapter proceeds by discussion of a number of prominent theories of self-knowledge and self-reference relating them to forms of self-consciousness. It is then argued that getting these various relations right is important to a proper understanding of a number of psychopathological phenomena.
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31

Shi, Baoguo, and Jing Luo. Culture, Language, and Creativity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190455675.003.0007.

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As Csikszentmihalyi (1999) noted, creativity is a culturally bound phenomenon, not simply a mental process. In this chapter, we first discuss some differences in the conceptualization of creativity from the East–West perspective. Does “creativity” mean the same thing in Western and East Asian cultural settings? Recent research based on lay people’s definitions of creativity, including implicit and explicit theories of creativity, descriptions of creative people, and evaluations of creative products, will be highlighted. Second, as a key component of culture, language has very important implications for understanding creativity. We will review recent research on this topic, including the relationship between bilingualism and creativity and empirical discoveries from groundbreaking behavioral and neuroimaging studies on insight problem solving that involve Chinese characters.
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32

North, Jill. Physics, Structure, and Reality. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894106.001.0001.

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How do we figure out the nature of the world from a mathematically formulated physical theory? What do we infer about the world when a physical theory can be mathematically formulated in different ways? Physics, Structure, and Reality addresses these questions, questions that get to the heart of the project of interpreting physics—of figuring out what physics is telling us about the world. North argues that there is a certain notion of structure, implicit in physics and mathematics, that we should pay careful attention to, and that doing so sheds light on these questions concerning what physics is telling us about the nature of reality. Along the way, lessons are drawn for related topics such as the use of coordinate systems in physics, the differences among various formulations of classical mechanics, the nature of spacetime structure, the equivalence of physical theories, and the importance of scientific explanation. Although the book does not explicitly defend scientific realism, instead taking this to be a background assumption, the account provides an indirect case for realism toward our best theories of physics.
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33

Williams, David M., Ryan E. Rhodes, and Mark T. Conner. Overview of Affective Determinants of Health Behavior. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190499037.003.0001.

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This chapter provides a brief introduction to the topic of affective determinants of health behavior. In doing so it analyzes each aspect of the book’s topic. It begins by outlining what is meant by “health behavior.” It then considers traditional views of the key determinants of such behaviors and the value of and need for integrating affective determinants within health behavior theories. Next, it offers a conceptualization of affective determinants in relation to health behaviors, including distinctions between/among (1) affect proper versus affect processing (the latter also known as affective judgments or cognitively mediated affect); (2) core affect versus moods and emotions; (3) integral versus incidental affect; and (4) anticipated affect, affective attitudes, implicit attitudes, and affective associations. It closes with a brief overview of measurement of affect in the context of health behavior research.
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34

Hydén, Lars-Christer. Stories. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199391578.003.0004.

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Much of the research on dementia and narrative has been based on the often implicit assumption that written stories can serve as the best examples of what a narrative is. A consequence of taking the written narrative as the norm is that it becomes more likely to regard the stories people with dementia tell as expressions of a life story that can be revised and amended and thus become true. In contrast, stressing the importance of theories around conversational storytelling might help to focus on stories and storytelling as a collaborative activity, negotiating joint meaning and thus shared story worlds—and shared imagination. In this perspective, neither people living with dementia nor other persons have one life story. Instead, they might tell many different stories about their lives in different contexts and in collaboration with different persons.
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35

Foltz, Jonathan. Fables of Detachment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190676490.003.0002.

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This chapter outlines the way that film shaped key modernist debates about aesthetic form and the elevation of literature as a form of art. It draws on a range of contemporaneous theories of aesthetic form—from those of Roger Fry and Clive Bell to those of Vernon Lee, José Ortega y Gasset, I. A. Richards, and William Empson—and suggests that critics have failed adequately to credit the historical anxiety about media and mediation implicit in modernist constructions of autonomy. The desire to distinguish the purity of artistic form from ordinary modes of lived perception frequently led theorists to ponder, and puzzle at, the remarkable impurity of cinema. Indeed, film in the modernist period was commonly understood as a figure of aesthetic paradox: lacking the purposive form and stylistic nuance of true art, yet also exemplifying the detachment from life that art was held to achieve.
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36

Frédéric, Mégret. Part III Regimes and Doctrines, Ch.37 Theorizing the Laws of War. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198701958.003.0038.

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This chapter suggests two predominant modes of theorizing about the laws of war—one ‘internal’, the other ‘external’—both providing a useful shorthand for two relatively irreducible types of exercises. Internal theorizing makes sense of the discipline among its practitioners and within bounds that are taken for granted. It is minimal in that its ambition is largely instrumental: providing the practitioners of the laws of war with the background necessary for them to function. External theorizing is less interested in the laws of war as a system than as an object; it is less focused on explaining the operation of the laws of war than understanding what the laws of war mean generally and for international law specifically. It is more explicitly theoretical precisely in that it seeks to highlight some of the ultimate functioning or purpose of the laws of war behind its dominant implicit theories.
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37

Bird, Alexander. Scientific Progress. Edited by Paul Humphreys. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199368815.013.29.

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What constitutes scientific progress? This article considers and evaluates three competing answers to this question. These seek to understand scientific progress in terms of problem-solving, of truthlikeness/verisimilitude, and of knowledge, respectively. How does each fare, taking into consideration the fact that the history of science involves disruptive change, not merely the addition of new beliefs to old beliefs, and the fact that sometimes the history of such changes involves a sequence of theories, all of which are believed to be false, even by scientific realists? The three answers are also evaluated with regard to how they assess certain real and hypothetical scientific changes. Also considered are the three views of the goal of science implicit in the three answers. The view that the goal of science is knowledge and that progress is constituted by the accumulation of knowledge is argued to be preferable to its competitors.
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38

Jarrett, Michael, and Russ Vince. Psychoanalytic Theory, Emotion, and Organizational Paradox. Edited by Wendy K. Smith, Marianne W. Lewis, Paula Jarzabkowski, and Ann Langley. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198754428.013.2.

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This chapter discusses the psychoanalytic foundations of organizational paradox. It argues that psychoanalytic theories offer a framework for the study of emotions in organizations and for the paradoxical tensions arising from emotions. It develops an analytical framework to discuss three core constructs of psychoanalytic thinking: unconscious emotions; defense mechanisms; and “the analytic attitude,” which is used to gain awareness of unconscious emotions, and as the basis of interventions to balance the contradictions (or paradoxical nature) of defense mechanisms. These constructs manifest in three dimensions of the workplace: among leaders, within groups, and in the organization itself. In the leadership dimension a new concept, the paradox of authority, to describe the tension between internal pulls and external roles that both support and undermine leadership, is introduced. It is shown how psychoanalytic theory can help to comprehend the power relationships embedded in implicit structures and their effects on organizational change.
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39

Lawrence, Jeffrey. An Inter-American Episode. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190690205.003.0003.

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This chapter focuses on a paradigmatic misencounter between an American experiencer and a Latin American reader. Examining an implicit debate about the sources of Walt Whitman’s poetry and vision of the Americas, I argue that Waldo Frank, one of the twentieth century’s main literary ambassadors from the US to Latin America, positioned Whitman as the representative US writer whose antibookish experiential aesthetics could serve as a model for “American” writers both in the North and in the South. I show how Frank’s framework provided a foil for Borges’s idiosyncratic view that Whitman’s poetry about America derived entirely from his readings of European and US writers. Although much of the best scholarship on Whitman’s reception in Latin America has concentrated on poets like José Martí and Pablo Neruda, who adapted Whitman’s naturalism, I contend that Borges’s iconoclastic portrait of Whitman as a reader profoundly influenced a range of anti-experiential literary theories and practices in Latin America.
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40

Grzankowski, Alex, and Michelle Montague, eds. Non-Propositional Intentionality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198732570.001.0001.

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This book is about the possibility and the prospects of making sense of non-propositional intentionality. Intentionality lies at the centre of a great deal of the philosophy of mind and, by and large, it is understood in propositional terms. Typically, the examples of intentionality deemed fundamental and the explanations of their natures rely on the idea of propositional content. But these commitments cannot go unquestioned and the (often implicit) acceptance of “propositionalism” has impeded philosophical discussion about the nature of intentionality in at least three noteworthy ways: (i) a precise statement of propositionalism has been left undeveloped; (ii) the motivations for propositionalism are rarely articulated; and (iii) apparent counterexamples and challenges to propositionalism, along with non-propositional theories of intentionality, are underexplored. The contributors to this volume explore and correct these impediments by discussing in detail what the commitment to propositionalism amounts to; by shedding light on why one might find the thesis attractive (or unattractive); and by exploring the ways in which one might depart from propositionalism.
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41

Hutchison, Katrina, Catriona Mackenzie, and Marina Oshana, eds. Social Dimensions of Moral Responsibility. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190609610.001.0001.

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Philosophical theorizing about moral responsibility has recently taken a “social” turn, marking a shift in focus from traditional metaphysical concerns about free will and determinism. Yet despite this social turn, the implications of structural injustice and inequalities of power for theorizing about moral responsibility remain surprisingly neglected in philosophical literature. Recent theories have attended to the interpersonal dynamics at the heart of moral responsibility practices, and the role of the moral environment in scaffolding agential capacities. However, they assume an overly idealized conception of agency and of our moral responsibility practices as reciprocal exchanges between equally empowered and situated agents. The essays in this volume systematically challenge this assumption. Leading theorists of moral responsibility, including Michael McKenna, Marina Oshana, and Manuel Vargas, consider the implications of oppression and structural inequality for their respective theories. Neil Levy urges the need to refocus our analyses of the epistemic and control conditions for moral responsibility from individual to socially extended agents. Leading theorists of relational autonomy, including Catriona Mackenzie, Natalie Stoljar, and Andrea Westlund develop new insights into the topic of moral responsibility. Other contributors bring debates about moral responsibility into dialogue with recent work in feminist philosophy, and topics such as epistemic injustice, implicit bias and blame. Collectively, the essays in this volume reorient philosophical debates about moral responsibility in important new directions.
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42

Krzych, Scott. Beyond Bias. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197551219.001.0001.

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“Bias” is a term that circulates frequently in the contemporary landscape of political media, a term intended to diagnose a failure when media outlets fail to maintain journalistic objectivity. Beyond Bias interrogates what would seem, at first glance, to be examples of utterly biased political media—contemporary conservative documentary films. However, rather than dismiss such cases of political representation as exemplars of ideological nonsense, reactionary propaganda, and so on, Beyond Bias locates in conservative media a mode of discourse central to contemporary democratic debate in the United States. Specifically, this book identifies conservative media as a mode of hysterical discourse. As the book makes clear, hysterical political discourse occurs when debate is simulated as a means to avoid a more substantive exchange. Drawing from psychoanalytic theories of hysteria and aesthetic politics, and likewise by placing conservative documentaries in the context of many concerns central to Documentary Studies (participation, observation, representation, the archive, etc.), Beyond Bias views conservative documentary, and conservative media and politics more generally, not as the biased excesses of the contemporary political landscape but rather as texts central to understanding the implicit, though sometimes affectively traumatic, antagonisms inevitable in democracy and constitutive of democratic debate.
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43

Logue, Heather, and Louise Richardson, eds. Purpose and Procedure in Philosophy of Perception. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853534.001.0001.

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Contemporary philosophy of perception is dominated by extremely polarized debates. The polarization is particularly acute in the debate between naïve realist disjunctivists and their opponents, but divisions seem almost as stark in other areas of dispute (for example, the debate over whether we experience so-called ‘high-level’ properties, and the debate concerning individuation of the senses). The guiding hypothesis underlying this volume is that such polarization stems from insufficient attention to how we should go about settling these debates. In general, there is widespread, largely implicit disagreement concerning what philosophical theories of perception are supposed to explain, the claims that we should hold fixed in the course of theorizing, and the methods that such theorizing should employ. The goal of this volume is to move such methodological questions from the background to the fore, in the hope of facilitating progress. The contributions constitute an initial effort to spur more explicit, systematic discussion of methodology in philosophy of perception. They cover a wide range of relevant topics, from the relation between scientific and philosophical theorizing about perception, to lessons we can learn from the history of philosophy of perception.
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