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Sampaio, Verônica Porto Ramos, Diego Filipe Bezerra Silva, Flávio Marcel Pereira Barreiro, Hiarles Barreto Sampaio Brito, Francisco Juliherme Pires de Andrade, and Daliana Queiroga de Castro Gomes. "Implante imediato associado a enxerto xenógeno e provisionalização imediata em área infectada: relato de caso." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 9, no. 5 (April 20, 2020): 444–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v9i5.4784.
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Introdução: A reabilitação com implantes dentários tornou-se possível de forma imediata a partir do conhecimento e aplicação da osseointegração. Esse procedimento propicia otimização entre o tempo de osseointegração e maturação óssea, além de minimizar a reabsorção alveolar, preservar a arquitetura gengival, e evitar novo procedimento cirúrgico. Objetivo: Evidenciar o sucesso de implante dentário unitário, instalado imediatamente após exodontia e curetagem de lesão periapical extensa, e a instalação da prótese com proservação de 33 meses. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 24 anos de idade, apresentou-se com uma parúlide na gengiva inserida acima do dente 25 e fratura coronal do mesmo. A tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) revelou uma extensa área hipodensa na região do ápice da raiz do dente 25, medindo 6,7 X 8,2 mm. A referida lesão já havia causado fenestração da parede vestibular, cerca de dois terços no sentido ápice-coroa. Foi instituído como plano de tratamento a instalação de implante dentário imediato com carga imediata. A prótese final foi instalada 13 meses após a instalação do implante. Decorridos 17 meses do procedimento cirúrgico, foi solicitada radiografia periapical de controle, onde foi possível avaliar trabeculado ósseo sadio em torno do implante. Conclusão: Tendo em vista o avanço dos biomateriais utilizados em reabilitação oral e o aprimoramento das técnicas e profissionais que a desempenham, conclui-se que é possível realizar implantes imediatos e reabilitação imediata em área infectada, mesmo em casos limítrofes, com segurança e efetividade, possibilitando a obtenção de resultado final satisfatório.Descritores: Implantes Dentários; Infecção; Regeneração Óssea.ReferênciasBrånemark PI, Adell R, Breine U, Hansson BO, Lindström J, Ohlsson A. Intra-osseous anchorage of dental prostheses. I. Experimental studies. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1969;3(2):81-100.Rosenquist B, Grenthe B. Immediate placement of implants into extraction sockets: implant survival. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1996;11(2):205-9.Peñarrocha M, Uribe R, Balaguer J. Immediate implants after extraction. A review of the current situation. Med Oral. 2004;9(3):234-42.Brånemark PI. Branemark Novum: protocolo para reabilitação bucal com carga imediata (same-day teeth): uma perspectiva global. São Paulo: Quintessence; 2001.Carlsson GE, Bergman B, Hedegård B. Changes in contour of the maxillary alveolar process under immediate dentures. A longitudinal clinical and x-ray cephalometric study covering 5 years. Acta Odontol Scand. 1967;25(1):45-75.Novaes AB Jr, Vidigal Júnior GM, Novaes AB, Grisi MF, Polloni S, Rosa A. Immediate implants placed into infected sites: a histomorphometric study in dogs. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1998;13(3):422-7.Misch CE. Implantes dentários contemporâneos. 2ªed. São Paulo: Santos; 2000.Jensen T, Schou S, Stavropoulos A, Terheyden H, Holmstrup P. Maxillary sinus floor augmentation with Bio-Oss or Bio-Oss mixed with autogenous bone as graft: a systematic review. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23(3):263-73.Müller A, Silva ACBR, Schimidt LTH. Implante unitário submetido à carga imediata. RGO (Porto Alegre). 2004;52(1):27-30.de Oliveira AC, de Souza JR, Thomé G, Melo ACM, Sartori IAM. Implante imediato unitário em função imediata – relato de caso. RFO. 2008;13(1):70-4.Carvalho PFM, Ciotti DL, Silva RC, Joly JC. Implantação e temporização imediata em áreas estéticas, sem abertura de retalho, utilizando implantes de diâmetro reduzido: Relato de caso clínico. Rev ImplantNews. 2008;5(8):307-12.Ferreira LCP, Brito CR, Lehn CN, Siqueira JTT. Avaliação de implantes osseointegráveis submetidos à função imediata comparados à função tardia. Rev ImplantNews. 2010;7(1):13-20.Tazima MFGS, Vicente YAMVA, Moriya T. Biologia da ferida e cicatrização. Medicina (Ribeirão Preto) 2008;41(3):259-64.Thomé G, Borges AFS, Melo ACM, Bassi APF, Sartori IAM, Faot F. Implante imediato em local cronicamente infectado: avaliação após 12 meses. RGO (Porto Alegre). 2007;55(4):417-21.Salmen FS, Oliveira MR, Gabrielli MAC, Piveta ACG, Pereira Filho VA, Gabrielli MFR. Enxerto ósseo para reconstrução óssea alveolar. Revisão de 166 casos. Rev Col Bras Cir. 2017;44(1):33-40.Brånemark PI. Protesis tejido integradas: la osseointegración en la odontologia clínica. Berlim: Quintessence; 1987.Nunes PA, Medeiros MM, Soder MV, Klein ALL, Hasse PN, Pfau EA. Implante e provisionalização imediata com resina composta em area estética. Arq Ciênc Saúde UNIPAR. 2014;18(1):65-8.Ruskin JD, Morton D, Karayazgan B, Amir J. Failed root canals: the case for extraction and immediate implant placement. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005;63(6):829-31.Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Polyzos IP, Felice P, Worthington HV. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: dental implants in fresh extraction sockets (immediate, immediate-delayed and delayed implants). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(9):CD005968.Buser D, Mericske-Stern R, Bernard JP, Behneke A, Behneke N, Hirt HP, Belser UC, Lang NP. Long-term evaluation of non-submerged ITI implants. Part 1: 8-year life table analysis of a prospective multi-center study with 2359 implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1997;8(3):161-72.Sousa MAF. Considerações relativas à colocação imediata de implantes em alvéolos pós-extração. Artigo de Revisão Bibliográfica Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Dentária. Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, 2014.Chaushu G, Chaushu S, Tzohar A, Dayan D. Immediate loading of single-tooth implants: immediate versus non-immediate implantation. A clinical report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2001;16(2):267-72.Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Zhang K, Wimmer G, Wegscheider WA. Immediate loading of single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla. Preliminary results after one year. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003;14(2):180-87.Galli F, Capelli M, Zuffetti F, Testori T, Esposito M. Immediate non-occlusal vs. early loading of dental implants in partially edentulous patients: a multicentre randomized clinical trial. Peri-implant bone and soft-tissue levels. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2008;19(6):546-52.
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Singh, Ajit. "DENTAL IMPLANT DESIGN- AN INSIGHT OVERVIEW." Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 10, no. 4 (August 15, 2021): 3101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jmpas.v10i4.1254.
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Dental implants are a proven therapeutic option for replacing missing teeth, with positive long-term health outcomes. Dental implant performance is largely determined by the implant’s primary durability, which is affected by surgical procedure, bone quality and quantity, implant surface characteristics, implant geometry, and implant surface characteristics. The implant’s geometry and surface can be modified. The implant geometry and surface can be changed if needed to achieve good primary stability and long-term implant therapy effectiveness. Implant architecture refers to the implant’s three-dimensional structure, as well as all of the components and elements that make it up. Different surface topographies can affect a sequence of coordinated actions such cell proliferation, osteoblast transformation, and the production of bone tissue. At the macro, micro, and increasingly nano sizes, surface topography of implants may be detected. The surgical location of end osseous oral implants is influenced by the prosthetic architecture, as well as the shape and quality of the alveolar bone. There are several alternatives for replacing missing teeth, but within the past few decades, dental implants have been one of the most common biomaterials for replacing one (or more) missing teeth. In a substantial number of patients, titanium dental implants have been shown to be secure and reliable. This study examines the most important historical information of dental implants, as well as the various vital factors that will ensure successful Osseo-integration and a safe prosthesis anchorage. Not only
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Leite, Andressa Rosa Perin, Danny Omar Mendoza Marin, Gabriela Giro, Ana Carolina Pero, Ligia Antunes Pereira Pinelli, and José Maurício dos Santos Nunes Reis. "Custom Cast Ball Attachments Used on Outdated Implants to Restore a Maxillary Implant-Supported Overdenture." Journal of Oral Implantology 43, no. 4 (August 1, 2017): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-16-00156.
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The lack of compatible prosthetic components can be a complication during oral rehabilitation using outdated implants. The aim of the present clinical report was to describe an alternative technique for the fabrication of a maxillary implant-supported overdenture in a patient with 20-year-old dental implants using castable spherical patterns and ball attachments. The patient had been wearing a relined bar/clip overdenture in the mandible on 4 external-hexagon dental implants and a relined complete denture in the maxilla on 4 internal-hexagon implants due to abutment screw fracture inside of the implants, losing the attachment system. The remaining maxillary dental implants did not possess attachments compatible with current systems due to configuration changes by the manufacturer in the dental implant's platform and the components over time. Therefore, castable spherical patterns and cast ball attachments were used to fabricate a maxillary implant-supported overdenture. The mandible rehabilitation was performed using 4 osseointegrated dental implants with a fixed implant-supported prosthesis. The use of cast ball attachments on the maxillary dental implants avoided invasive procedures on the remaining implants. Considering the lack of available compatible prosthetic components for the osseointegrated implants, this technique was considered a viable and satisfactory treatment option.
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Kheder, Waad, Amal Bouzid, Thenmozhi Venkatachalam, Iman M. Talaat, Noha Mousaad Elemam, Tom Kalathil Raju, Soumya Sheela, et al. "Titanium Particles Modulate Lymphocyte and Macrophage Polarization in Peri-Implant Gingival Tissues." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 14 (July 19, 2023): 11644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411644.
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Titanium dental implants are one of the modalities to replace missing teeth. The release of titanium particles from the implant’s surface may modulate the immune cells, resulting in implant failure. However, little is known about the immune microenvironment that plays a role in peri-implant inflammation as a consequence of titanium particles. In this study, the peri-implant gingival tissues were collected from patients with failed implants, successful implants and no implants, and then a whole transcriptome analysis was performed. The gene set enrichment analysis confirmed that macrophage M1/M2 polarization and lymphocyte proliferation were differentially expressed between the study groups. The functional clustering and pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes between the failed implants and successful implants versus no implants revealed that the immune response pathways were the most common in both comparisons, implying the critical role of infiltrating immune cells in the peri-implant tissues. The H&E and IHC staining confirmed the presence of titanium particles and immune cells in the tissue samples, with an increase in the infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages in the failed implant samples. The in vitro validation showed a significant increase in the level of IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-18 expression by macrophages. Our findings showed evidence that titanium particles modulate lymphocyte and macrophage polarization in peri-implant gingival tissues, which can help in the understanding of the imbalance in osteoblast–osteoclast activity and failure of dental implant osseointegration.
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Vishwakarma, Vinita, Gobi Saravanan Kaliaraj, and Kamalan Kirubaharan Amirtharaj Mosas. "Multifunctional Coatings on Implant Materials—A Systematic Review of the Current Scenario." Coatings 13, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010069.
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The challenges and demands of implant materials are changing as a result of the substantial expansion in the global population. Suitable implants are required for aged people, physical injuries, patients who need revised surgeries, contaminated implants, and accident victims. Hence, the requirement for implants is drastically increasing day by day. Metals, ceramics, and polymers are used as implant materials by biomedical industries for long-term suffering patients. Stainless steel, titanium and its alloys, aluminum alloys, cobalt, zirconium, etc. (metals), hydroxyapatite (ceramic), polyurethane, polyethylene, polyimide, etc. (polymers), are some of the examples that fulfill the implant requirements. There are many other obstructions, such as adhesion, inflammation, and bacterial attack, which minimize the implant’s performance and its activity. However, coatings on ideal implant materials are significant to avoid its failure and to enhance its durability and longevity. Advanced techniques, such as physical and chemical methods, are suitable coating approaches to promote the surface of implants with respect to mechanical, biological, and other multifunctional activities. This review paper focuses on and investigates several strategies for bioactive implants’ coatings, analysis, and emerging applications for biomedical industries.
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Zhang, Salina, Pelin Batur, Charles Martin, and Paul Rochon. "Contraceptive Implant Migration and Removal by Interventional Radiology." Seminars in Interventional Radiology 35, no. 01 (March 2018): 023–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1636517.
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AbstractAs the reversible contraceptive arm implants grow more popular, there is an increasing need to recognize the complications resulting from implant migration and removal. This review summarizes the findings of imaging and removal methods. When an implant is lost, the axillary region should be investigated first. If the implant still cannot be found, visualization though different methods have been employed for non-radiopaque implants. Real-time fluoroscopic-guided localization and removal can be accomplished for radiopaque Nexplanon. Once the implant has been located, standard removal method and other modified techniques can be used to safely remove the implant depending on the implant's location.
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Di Lorenzo, Matteo, Andrea Torsani, Paolo Tonveronachi, Samuele Baruch, and Christian Caldari. "Risk factors for early implant failure: a retrospective-multicentric study of 2323 implants in screw retained fixed full arch rehabilitation." Journal of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery 29, no. 2 (2023): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mbcb/2023022.
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Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate possible risk factors for early implant failure in screw retained fixed full-arch rehabilitation. Methods: data of 487 patients (2323 implants) treated with full-arch rehabilitation supported by same implants brand were collected for the time period from 2017 to 2020 and examined to evaluate early implants failure rates. The following data were collected for statistical analysis: sex, age, health disorders (diabetes and hypertension) and bad habit (smoke) of the patient, location of the implant (maxilla or mandible, anterior or posterior site), type of implant's healing and bone regeneration procedures. Chi-squared test, bivariate comparison analysis and univariate mixed model analysis were used to estimate the effect of both patient-related and implant related variables on early implant failure as a potential risk factors. Results: 487 patients were included, 218 females (62.3 ± 9.14 of age) and 269 males (62.8 ± 10.11 of age) in 30 private institutions for a total of 2323 implants placed and a total of 526 screw retained fixed full arch rehabilitation. A total of 40 out of 2323 (1.7%) implants failed prematurely within 1 year, 32 in the maxilla 8 in the mandible. Bivariate comparison analysis and univariate mixed model analysis showed that female patient, implant placed in maxilla, age <61 years and submerged healed implants showed a statistically significant higher failure rate among the risk factors considered. Conclusions: Implants placed in the upper jaw and their modality of healing seems to be associated with a higher risk of early implant failure.
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Brandon, Harold J., Larry S. Nichter, and Dwight D. Back. "New Evaluation Procedure for Multi-Dimensional Mechanical Strains and Tangent Moduli of Breast Implants: IDEAL IMPLANT® Structured Breast Implant Compared to Silicone Gel Implants." Bioengineering 6, no. 2 (May 12, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6020043.
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The IDEAL IMPLANT® Structured Breast Implant is a dual lumen saline-filled implant with capsular contracture and deflation/rupture rates much lower than single-lumen silicone gel-filled implants. To better understand the implant’s mechanical properties and to provide a potential explanation for these eight-year clinical results, a novel approach to compressive load testing was employed. Multi-dimensional strains and tangent moduli, metrics describing the shape stability of the total implant, were derived from the experimental load and platen spacing data. The IDEAL IMPLANT was found to have projection, diametric, and areal strains that were generally less than silicone gel implants, and tangent moduli that were generally greater than silicone gel implants. Despite having a relatively inviscid saline fill, the IDEAL IMPLANT was found to be more shape stable compared to gel implants, which implies potentially less interaction with the capsule wall when the implant is subjected to compressive loads. Under compressive loads, the shape stability of a higher cross-link density, cohesive gel implant was unexpectedly found to be similar to or the same as a gel implant. In localized diametric compression testing, the IDEAL IMPLANT was found to have a palpability similar to a gel implant, but softer than a cohesive gel implant.
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Lee, Jung-Kwang, Nayansi Jha, Yoon-Ji Kim, and Dong-Yul Lee. "Survival Analysis of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: A Retrospective Study on the Effects of Patient-Related Factors on Micro-Implant Success." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 16, 2022): 11655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211655.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of patient-related factors such as anteroposterior and vertical skeletal patterns and alveolar bone density on the success rate of micro-implants. Cases of orthodontic micro-implants (n = 404; diameter, 1.6 mm; length, 6 mm) were investigated in 164 patients (127 women, 37 men; mean age, 23.6 ± 5.8 years). Cortical bone thickness and alveolar bone density were measured using diagnostic cone-beam computed tomography to examine their effects on the micro-implant’s survival. Moreover, anteroposterior and vertical facial patterns were considered as independent variables for the success of micro-implants. Marginal survival analysis was performed by analyzing the time from implant placement to the removal of the failed micro-implants, or to the end of treatment for successful micro-implants. Variables including age, sex, implantation side, implantation site, root proximity, and type of loading (immediate vs. delayed) were also assessed. In total, 347 (85.9%) of the 404 micro-implants were successful. The mean loading time was 12.4 ± 4.3 months. Marginal survival analysis showed that the effects of the anteroposterior and vertical facial patterns on the risk of failure were not statistically significant. The factors significantly associated with the micro-implant loading time were cortical bone density, root proximity, and micro-implants replanted in the same site. In conclusion, our findings indicate that anteroposterior and vertical skeletal patterns are not associated with the success of orthodontic micro-implants. Cortical bone density may be associated with the micro-implant’s success.
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Horwitz, Jacob, Eli E. Machtei, Shai Frankental, Eran Gabay, Yaniv Mayer, Livia Joseph, and Omer Cohen. "Clinical and Patient-Related Outcomes of a Tapered Implant System With Switched Platform Conical Abutments: A Private Practice Field Trial." Journal of Oral Implantology 44, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-18-00005.
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The aim of this prospective cohort observational field trial was to examine 1-year survival and success rates of a recently introduced tapered implant system with switched platform conical abutments and to evaluate patient related outcomes of therapy. Partially edentulous patients aged between 18 and 75 years, with available bone height for dental implants ≥10 mm desiring to restore the missing tooth/teeth with implant supported restoration, were recruited by 7 periodontists in their respective private practices. Dental implants were installed according to standard implant therapy protocol. Three to 6 months postoperatively, after evaluating interim implant success, implants were restored by the referring dentists. Patient, Ramfjord teeth, and implant data, including baseline and 1-year postoperative, were collected. A total of 60 patients were recruited and received 117 implants. Complete 1-year clinical and radiographic data were available for 83 and 65 implants, respectively. Two implants failed during the first year, resulting in a 1-year survival rate of 98.3%. Mean implant probing pocket depth was 2.29 ± 0.84 mm. Mean radiographic bone distance from implant's shoulder at the mesial and distal sites at 1 year was 0.66 ± 0.5 and 0.79 ± 0.64mm, respectively, resulting in a success rate of 95.4%. Patient subjective evaluation of therapy exhibited a median pain experience of 1 and median esthetics, function, and general satisfaction evaluation of 10 on a scale of 1 to 10. The tapered conical connection dental implant system, used in private dental practices, shows good 1-year survival and success rates that are similar to other implant systems on the market.
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Krizan, K. E., D. H. Han, R. L. Ettinger, G. F. Koorbusch, and J. D. Spivey. "Evaluation of the interface between calcified bone and metal implants." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100084466.
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In recent years oral endosteal implants have been placed in healed extraction sites but it has been suggested that osseointegration may not occur. This study places IMZ implants1 in fresh extraction sites with and without two biological graft materials: porous hydroxyapatite granules (HA) and polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) membranes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of immediate placement of implants on osseointegration. This presentation uses the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to evaluate the relationship of implant to bone. In addition, the effect of these two graft materials on bone regeneration and prevention of soft tissue (ST) ingrowth was examined. Under anesthesia three adult mongrel dogs had premolars extracted bilaterally from the mandible. Using the IMZ system six implant sites were prepared, five implants placed in alveolar bone and the sixth site was a no implant control. A total of fifteen implants were placed in the area between the canine and first molar of the three animals.
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Rowlands, Sam, Emma Cornforth, and Mira Harrison-Woolrych. "Pregnancies associated with etonogestrel implants in the UK: comparison of two 5-year reporting periods." BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health 46, no. 1 (October 10, 2019): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsrh-2019-200338.
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Objectives(1) To identify pregnancies associated with the use of the contraceptive implants Implanon and Nexplanon in the UK during two 5-year reporting periods. (2) To classify the possible reasons for device failure in cases reported for each implant. (3) To examine any differences between reasons for pregnancies associated with these products.Study designExtraction of data from the UK spontaneous reporting system for adverse drug reactions in relation to etonogestrel implants. Reports indicating pregnancy were identified for the periods 2005–2009 (Implanon) and 2012–2016 (Nexplanon). Possible reasons for failure of the method in each reported case were assigned to one of eight predetermined categories.ResultsAfter exclusions, 229 Implanon and 234 Nexplanon cases contained sufficient information for analysis. True method failures accounted for a majority of the pregnancies in those using contraceptive implants (58%); the next most common cause was missing implants (26% of pregnancies). In all categories of cases, there was no difference in frequency of pregnancy when the two time periods were compared.ConclusionsThere is still potential for greater avoidance of pregnancies associated with etonogestrel implant use.ImplicationsThis study underscores the continuing need for taking a full drug history, timing the insertion on days 1–5 or according to recommended quick starting routines and palpating the arm after implant insertion.
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Han, Jian Ye, Zhen Tao Yu, Sen Yu, Xi Qun Ma, Jin Long Niu, and Xin Jie He. "The Surface Modifications of Dental Implants that are made of a Near-β Type Titanium Alloy." Materials Science Forum 618-619 (April 2009): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.618-619.299.
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Abstract Titanium and its alloys are widely used as dental implant materials due to their excellent biocompatibility, mechanical properties and erosion resistance. The b type titanium alloys are becoming more promising dental implant materials for their low elastic modulus and suitable mechanical properties. Because the titanium alloys are bioinert. The dental implant’s surfaces that contact with bone tissues need modification. To bioactivate the implants, hydroxyapatite/TiO2 composite material was coated onto dental implants by sol-gel and micro arc oxidation (MAO) methods. The HA (Hydroxyapatite) was employed to enhance the bioactivity of the Ti substrate. Owning to TiO2, the HA/TiO2 composite coatings adhered tightly to the dental implants and no longer existed cracks.
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Vicente Neto, Pedro, Ana Lúcia Franco Micheloni, Cássio Rocha Scarduelli, Karina Eiras Dela Coleta Pizzol, Francisco De Assis Mollo Júnior, and Elcio Marcantônio Júnior. "Predictability and success rate of short implants." Journal of Research in Dentistry 5, no. 2 (February 28, 2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/jrd.v5e2201728-31.
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In oral rehabilitation with dental implants, severely resorbed alveolar ridges are a challenging problem due to the reduced height of the residual bone. Continuous search for minimally invasive procedures has resulted in the conception of reduced-length dental implants, decreasing the necessary amount of bone for implantation, thereby reducing the need of bone-grafts. Given the growing demand in the field of implant dentistry and the continuous development of surgical techniques, this study aimed to review the current literature on the predictability and success rate of short implants. Relevant articles published in the PubMed database between the years of 2004 and 2014 were selected using the following key-words: short dental implants, extra-short implants, survival rate, implant, mandible, maxilla, prognosis, implant survival, implant length. Based on the literature review, we concluded that short implants showed high predictability and high success rate in the short term, therefore they are one of the current options for the rehabilitation of atrophic alveolar ridges. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to define more reliably parameters for their proper use, ensuring the achievement of high success rates and survival rates with the use of this type of implant.o assess the attitude and practice of dental professionals towards using of advance radiographic technique.
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Akouissi, Outman, Stéphanie P. Lacour, Silvestro Micera, and Antonio DeSimone. "A finite element model of the mechanical interactions between peripheral nerves and intrafascicular implants." Journal of Neural Engineering 19, no. 4 (July 21, 2022): 046017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ac7d0e.
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Abstract Objective. Intrafascicular peripheral nerve implants are key components in the development of bidirectional neuroprostheses such as touch-enabled bionic limbs for amputees. However, the durability of such interfaces is hindered by the immune response following the implantation. Among the causes linked to such reaction, the mechanical mismatch between host nerve and implant is thought to play a decisive role, especially in chronic settings. Approach. Here we focus on modeling mechanical stresses induced on the peripheral nerve by the implant’s micromotion using finite element analysis. Through multiple parametric sweeps, we analyze the role of the implant’s material, geometry (aspect-ratio and shape), and surface coating, deriving a set of parameters for the design of better-integrated implants. Main results. Our results indicate that peripheral nerve implants should be designed and manufactured with smooth edges, using materials at most three orders of magnitude stiffer than the nerve, and with innovative geometries to redistribute micromotion-associated loads to less delicate parts of the nerve such as the epineurium. Significance. Overall, our model is a useful tool for the peripheral nerve implant designer that is mindful of the importance of implant mechanics for long term applications.
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Paul, Nirupam, Jogeswar Barman, and Barasha Goswami. "Comparative evaluation of linear dimensional accuracy of impressions made with different elastomeric impression materials (Polyether and Polyvinyl siloxane) in angulated and parallel implants-An invitro study." IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging 9, no. 1 (April 15, 2023): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmi.2023.003.
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To date no technique has been proven to guarantee a completely passive fit of implant supported prosthesis framework. Several clinical variables such as angulation of implants, impression material and technique used may affect the precision of impressions. Hence, this study is designed to evaluate and compare the dimensional accuracy of the resultant casts made from open tray implant level impressions with two different impression materials (polyvinyl siloxane and polyether) in parallel and angulated implants. The study consisted of two control groups; master model –1with parallel implants and master model –2 with angulated implants. From master model 1and master model 2, total 40 implant level open tray impressions were made using PVS and polyether impression material and impressions were poured to obtain 40 study casts. The resultant casts were divided into 4 groups (10 casts in each group), according to the impression material used (PVS or Polyether) and implant’s orientation (parallel or angulated) in the casts. All casts were evaluated for the positional accuracy of the implant by using four reference distances with the help of a profile projector. These measurements were compared to the measurements calculated on the master model, which served as a control. The variations of the mean distance values with respective control values within a group were analyzed with one samples’ t’ test at 0.05 significance level. Further the mean distance variations between the groups were analyzed with independent samples ‘t’ test to evaluate group mean variations.The impressions made in the presence of angulated implants were significantly less accurate than the ones made with parallel implants. Regarding impression material the tested polyether resulted advantageous over polivinylsiloxane impression material in terms of recording positional accuracy of implants.
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Furtsev, Taras V., Anastasia A. Koshmanova, Galina M. Zeer, Elena D. Nikolaeva, Ivan N. Lapin, Tatiana N. Zamay, and Anna S. Kichkailo. "Laser Cleaning Improves Stem Cell Adhesion on the Dental Implant Surface during Peri-Implantitis Treatment." Dentistry Journal 11, no. 2 (January 20, 2023): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj11020030.
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Dental implant therapy is a well-accepted treatment modality. Despite good predictability and success in the early stages, the risk of postplacement inflammation in the long-term periods remains an urgent problem. Surgical access and decontamination with chemical and mechanical methods are more effective than antibiotic therapy. The search for the optimal and predictable way for peri-implantitis treatment remains relevant. Here, we evaluated four cleaning methods for their ability to preserve the implant’s surface for adequate mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and differentiation. Implants isolated after peri-implantitis were subjected to cleaning with diamond bur; Ti-Ni alloy brush, air-flow, or Er,Cr:YSGG laser and cocultured with mice MSC for five weeks. Dental bur and titanium brushes destroyed the implants’ surfaces and prevented MSC attachment. Air-flow and laser minimally affected the dental implant surface microroughness, which was initially designed for good cell adhesion and bone remodeling and to provide full microbial decontamination. Anodized with titanium dioxide and sandblasted with aluminum oxide, acid-etched implants appeared to be better for laser treatment. In implants sandblasted with aluminum oxide, an acid-etched surface better preserves its topology when treated with the air-flow. These cleaning methods minimally affect the implant’s surface, so it maintains the capability to absorb osteogenic cells for further division and differentiation.
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Fabiana de Almeida Curylofo, Lígia Araújo Barbosa, Ana Lúcia Roselino, Laiza Maria Grassi Fais, and Luís Geraldo Vaz. "instrumentation of dental implants: a literature review." RSBO 10, no. 1 (March 28, 2014): 82–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/rsbo.v10i1.900.
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The aim of this study was to review the literature on the systems used to decontaminate the implant’s surface. Different instruments have been proposed, but there is no agreement in the literature about which methods would be more efficient with no damage to the implant surface. It was reported the use of plastic, carbon fiber, stainless-steel and titanium curettes and also the use of other systems such as ultrasonic points with different tips, rubber cups and air abrasion. Literature review: In most of the studies, the injury caused on the titanium surface at the time of instrumentation was examined. In others, the cell adhesion on the titanium dental implants following instrumentation of the implant surface was observed. Moreover, to enhance cleaning around implants, ultrasonic systems were recently tested. Conclusion: Metal instruments can lead to major damage to implant surface, therefore, they are not indicated for decontamination of dental implants surfaces. Furthermore, non-metallic instruments, such as plastic curettes, rubber cups, air abrasion and some ultrasonic systems seem to be better choices to remove calculus and plaque of the sub- and supra-gingival peri-implant area. It is noteworthy that more studies evaluating the effects of these systems are required to establish best practices to be used in the treatment of patients with dental implants.
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Mohammadi, Bijan, Zahra Abdoli, and Ehsan Anbarzadeh. "Investigation of the Effect of Abutment Angle Tolerance on the Stress Created in the Fixture and Screw in Dental Implants Using Finite Element Analysis." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 51 (June 14, 2021): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.51.63.
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Today, an artificial tooth root called a dental implant is used to replace lost tooth function. Treatment with dental implants is considered an effective and safe method. However, in some cases, the use of dental implants had some failures. The success of dental implants is influenced by several biomechanical factors such as loading type, used material properties, shape and geometry of implants, quality and quantity of bone around implants, surgical method, lack of rapid and proper implant surface's integration with the jaw bone, etc. The main purpose of functional design is to investigate and control the stress distribution on dental implants to optimize their performance. Finite element analysis allows researchers to predict the stress distribution in the bone implant without the risk and cost of implant placement. In this study, the stresses created in the 3A.P.H.5 dental implant's titanium fixture and screw due to the change in abutment angles tolerance have been investigated. The results show that although the fixture and the screw's load and conditions are the same in different cases, the change of the abutment angle and the change in the stress amount also made a difference in the location of maximum stress. The 21-degree abutment puts the fixture in a more critical condition and increases the chance of early plasticization compared to other states. The results also showed that increasing the abutment angle to 24 degrees reduces the stress in the screw, but decreasing the angle to 21 degrees leads to increased screw stress and brings it closer to the fracture.
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Bellemère, Philippe. "Medium- and long-term outcomes for hand and wrist pyrocarbon implants." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 44, no. 9 (September 4, 2019): 887–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193419871671.
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The article reviews the techniques and surgical outcomes of arthroplasties of the metacarpophalangeal, carpometacarpal and the wrist joints. In my patients, interposition pyrocarbon implants quickly achieve functional recovery and do not deteriorate time. Bony and articular tolerances are remarkable. These implants are a valid alternative to conventional arthroplasties, such as trapeziectomies, silicone implants and total joint replacements. Because of the implant’s small size, the surgery can be done through minimally invasive approaches especially for young and active patients. A technical key is to properly manage the bone surfaces of the joint and the peri-articular soft tissues to avoid early implant instability.
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Bagic, Iva, Hrvoje Pezo, Robert Celic, and Zarko Udiljak. "Punimet protetikore mobile të retinuara me implante me metoden e printimit tredimensional te pacientët me padhëmbësi totale." Revista e Stomatologëve të Kosovës 2, no. 1 (July 5, 2023): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.59138/zhddkfztzdqli.
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Patients with total edentulism can be treated with fixed or mo- bile prosthetic implant rehabilitation with dental implants as part of implanto-prosthetic therapy. Of the three dental implant loading options/protocols (conventional, early loading, and im- mediate loading), removable prosthetic works are most often conventionally loaded and then they represent standard and reliable forms (with a high success rate) of implanto-prosthetic therapy.
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Moiduddin, Khaja, Syed Hammad Mian, Wadea Ameen, Hisham Alkhalefah, and Abdul Sayeed. "Feasibility Study of the Cranial Implant Fabricated without Supports in Electron Beam Melting." Metals 11, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11030496.
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Additive manufacturing (AM), particularly electron beam melting (EBM), is becoming increasingly common in the medical industry because of its remarkable benefits. The application of personalized titanium alloy implants produced using EBM has received considerable attention in recent times due to their simplicity and efficacy. However, these tailored implants are not cost-effective, placing a tremendous strain on the patient. The use of additional materials as support during the manufacturing process is one of the key causes of its high cost. A lot of research has been done to lessen the use of supports through various types of support designs. There is indeed a noticeable paucity of studies in the literature that have examined customized implants produced without or minimal supports. This research, therefore, reports on the investigation of cranial implants fabricated with and without supports. The two personalized implants are evaluated in terms of their cost, fabrication time, and accuracy. The study showed impressive results for cranial implants manufactured without supports that cost 39% less than the implants with supports. Similarly, the implant’s (without supports) build time was 18% less than its equivalent with supports. The two implants also demonstrated similar fitting accuracy with 0.2613 mm error in the instance of implant built without supports and 0.2544 mm for the implant with supports. The results indicate that cranial implants can be produced without EBM supports, which can minimize both production time and cost substantially. However, the manufacture of other complex implants without supports needs further study. The future study also requires a detailed review of the mechanical and structural characteristics of cranial implants built without supports.
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Matsko, Anastasia, Nader Shaker, Ana Carla B. C. J. Fernandes, Asmaa Haimeur, and Rodrigo França. "Nanoscale Chemical Surface Analyses of Recycled Powder for Direct Metal Powder Bed Fusion Ti-6Al-4V Root Analog Dental Implant: An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study." Bioengineering 10, no. 3 (March 20, 2023): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10030379.
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Over the past couple of decades, additive manufacturing and the use of root-analogue-printed titanium dental implants have been developed. Not all powder particles are sintered into the final product during the additive manufacturing process. Reuse of the remaining powder could reduce the overall implant manufacturing cost. However, Ti-6Al-4V powder particles are affected by heat, mechanical factors, and oxidization during the powder bed fusion manufacturing process. Degradation of the powder may harm the final surface composition and decrease the biocompatibility and survival of the implant. The uncertainty of the recycled powder properties prevents implant fabrication facilities from reusing the powder. This study investigates the chemical composition of controlled, clean, and recycled titanium alloy powder and root-analogue implants (RAI) manufactured from these powders at three different depths. The change in titanium’s quantity, oxidization state, and chemical composition in powder and RAI implants have been demonstrated and analyzed. While not identical, the surface chemical composition of the recycled powder implant and the implant manufactured from unused powder are similar. The results also indicate the presence of TiO2 on all surfaces. Many studies confirmed that titanium dioxide on the implant’s surface correlates with better osteointegration, reduced bacterial infection, and increased corrosion resistance. Considering economic and environmental aspects, surface chemical composition comparison of clean and reused powder is crucial for the future manufacturing of cost-effective and biocompatible implants.
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Toth, Arpad, Istabrak Hasan, Christoph Bourauel, Torsten Mundt, Reiner Biffar, and Friedhelm Heinemann. "The influence of implant body and thread design of mini dental implants on the loading of surrounding bone: a finite element analysis." Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik 62, no. 4 (August 28, 2017): 393–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmt-2016-0002.
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AbstractMini dental implants (MDI) were once thought of as transitional implants for treatment in selected clinical situations. Their reduced diameter makes them a very attractive option for patients with poor tolerance to maxillary and mandibular prostheses. Using the method of finite element analysis, a series of different designed MDI prototypes have been investigated. The prototypes differed in the geometry of implant body and/or design of implant head. The load transfer of the implant prototypes to the idealised alveolar bone has been regarded and the prototypes have been compared to each other and to a number of standard commercial implants. The prototype models have been virtually placed in the idealised bone with a cortical thickness of 1.5 mm and loaded laterally 30° from the implant's long axis. The condition of immediate loading was assumed for the numerical analyses through defining a contact interface between the implant and bone bed. The numerical analysis in this study showed that the design of the investigated prototype MDI of group 3 (mini-ball head) is the most advantageous design.
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Costa Castillo, María, Martín Laguna Martos, Rocío Marco Pitarch, Marina García Selva, Silvia del Cid Rodríguez, Carla Fons-Badal, and Rubén Agustín Panadero. "Analysis of Peri-Implant Bone Loss with a Convergent Transmucosal Morphology: Retrospective Clinical Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6 (March 15, 2022): 3443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063443.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the peri-implant bone loss of infracrestal, supracrestal, and crestal implants from the day of placement and up to 1 year of prosthetic loading. Material and methods: A retrospective clinical study was carried out. The sample consisted of 30 implants placed on 30 patients. It was divided into three groups: infracrestal (n = 10), crestal (n = 10), and supracrestal (n = 10) implants. Results: Following the statistical analysis, it was observed that, 4 months after implant placement, the mean values of total peri-implant bone loss were 0.04 mm in infracrestal implants, 0.26 mm in crestal implants, and 0.19 mm in supracrestal implants. At the end of one year of prosthetic loading, the peri-implant bone loss was 0.12 mm in infracrestal implants, 1.04 mm in crestal implants, and 0.27 mm in supracrestal implants. It was determined that peri-implant bone loss in crestal implants was significantly higher than in supracrestal implants, and these in turn were significantly higher than in infracrestal implants. Conclusions: The implants that obtained a better biological behavior on peri-implant bone tissue were the infracrestal implants with a converging transmucosal abutment.
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Bambini, Fabrizio, Giulia Orilisi, Alessandro Quaranta, and Lucia Memè. "Biological Oriented Immediate Loading: A New Mathematical Implant Vertical Insertion Protocol, Five-Year Follow-Up Study." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020387.
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One of the current major challenges in implant therapy is to minimize marginal bone loss around implants, since it can trigger bacterial colonization of the implant’s neck, leading to its failure. The present study aimed (1) to scientifically validate a new mathematical rule based on soft tissues thickness, for choosing the correct implant position with respect to the bone level, in order to provide a better tissue adaptation to the abutment/implant surface to avoid bacterial invasion, and (2) to apply this mathematical rule to the Biological Oriented Immediate Loading (B.O.I.L.) surgical protocol, avoiding peri-implant bone resorption. N. 127 implants were inserted following B.O.I.L. protocol: implants were placed according to the mathematical rule Y = X − 3, which correlates the position of the implant from the bone crest level (Y) with the thickness of the soft tissues (X). All the implants were inserted in fresh extraction sockets, and immediately loaded with temporary abutments and prostheses. Bone levels were evaluated through radiographic examination just after surgical procedure (T0), and after 10 days (10D), 6 months (6M), 1 year (1Y), and 5 years (5Y). After 5 years, the implant survival rate was 100%, with a medium marginal bone loss around implants of 0.0704 mm (SD = 0.169 mm). One-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test was performed for statistical evaluations (p < 0.05). This protocol provided a safe and successful procedure, with a good soft tissue seal against bacterial challenge. The application of the mathematical rule allows the implant placement in a correct vertical position from the bone crest, avoiding bone resorption and bacterial infiltrations. Moreover, the use of Multi Unit Abutment (MUA) determined a stable biological seal, favouring the implant healing and preserving the adhesion of hemidesmosomes to the titanium of MUA.
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Cohen, Omer, Dieter D. Bosshardt, Evegeny Weinberg, Gil Slutzkey, and Ofer Moses. "The Effect of Coronal Implant Design and Drilling Protocol on Bone-to-Implant Contact: A 3-Month Study in the Minipig Calvarium." Materials 14, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 2645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14102645.
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Background: Stress concentrated at an implant’s neck may affect bone-to-implant contact (BIC). The objective of this study was to evaluate four different implant neck designs using two different drilling protocols on the BIC. Methods: Ninety-six implants were inserted in 12 minipigs calvarium. Implants neck designs evaluated were: type 1–6 coronal flutes (CFs), 8 shallow microthreads (SMs); type 2–6 CFs,4 deep microthreads (DMs); type 3–4 DMs; type 4–2 CFs, 8 SMs. Two groups of forty-eight implants were inserted with a final drill diameter of 2.8 mm (DP1) or 3.2 mm (DP2). Animals were sacrificed after 1 and 3 months, total-BIC (t-BIC) and coronal-BIC (c-BIC) were evaluated by nondecalcified histomorphometry analysis. Results: At 1 month, t-BIC ranged from 85–91% without significant differences between implant types or drilling protocol. Flutes on the coronal aspect impaired the BIC at 3 m. c-BIC of implant types with 6 CFs was similar and significantly lower than that of implant types 3 and 4. c-BIC of implant type 4 with SMs was highest of all implant types after both healing periods. Conclusions: BIC was not affected by the drilling protocol. CFs significantly impaired the -BIC. Multiple SMs were associated with greater c-BIC.
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Irudhayam S., Jackson, and V. Hariram. "A Brief Review on PEEK as biomaterial, Importance of Implant Design, 3D Printing and FEA in Dental Implant." E3S Web of Conferences 491 (2024): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202449101017.
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The present research study seeks to provide a thorough literature evaluation on implant-based materials, implant design and application of FEA approach (Finite Element Analysis). PEEK biomaterial is the primary subject of this article. Implant design and the significance of PEEK material in future clinical applications are significant subtopics in this study. Due to its excellent physical qualities, titanium plays an essential part in the implant business. PEEK and zirconia materials appear to have promise for the future. Biomedical uses of PEEK and its composite materials in a number of different fields, including dentistry, hip implant, anterior plate fixation, crainoplasticity, knee implants, spine implants, and so forth. The implant's impact and success are greatly impacted by the prudent selection of implant biomaterial. Before the PEEK implant can replace titanium and zirconium, further research and well-controlled clinical studies are required. In this study, a number of biomaterials that were used in the implant industry will be finalized.
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Oliveira, Maria Eduarda Freitas, and Túlio Silva Pereira. "INFLUÊNCIA DOS TRATAMENTOS DE SUPERFÍCIE EM IMPLANTES DENTÁRIOS NO PROCESSO DE OSSEOINTEGRAÇÃO: revisão narrativa de literatura." Scientia Generalis 4, no. 2 (October 20, 2023): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22289/sg.v4n2a23.
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Dental implants are essential in modern dentistry, playing a crucial role in the predictability and success of oral rehabilitation procedures, restoring chewing function and aesthetics to the patient. Implant surface treatments offer greater opportunity to capture proteins, stabilize the blood clot and cells responsible for bone formation and remodeling, accelerating the biomechanical relationship of the implant-bone unit. A literature review was carried out using publications from various authors in the form of scientific articles and course conclusion works, which were available in vital databases: Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo). The key words used for the search were: “Implantes dentários”, “Osseointegração”, “Reabilitação bucal” and “Propriedades de superfície”, the same terms being searched in English: “Dental implants”, “Osseointegration”, “Mouth rehabilitation”, “Surface properties”. The search period was from April to August 2023 and included articles in Portuguese and English. In this sense, the present study aimed to present a narrative review of the literature regarding surface modification techniques in surviving titanium implants and their relevance for osseointegration. It was possible to conclude that titanium implants with surface treatment have advantages when compared to the machined surface in influencing the bone integration procedure. Macro-, micro-, nano-textured and biomimetic surfaces can improve bone/implant connection, deposition of osteogenic molecules and initial firmness.
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Ashraf, Mohammad, Nabeel Choudhary, Usman Ahmad Kamboh, Muhammad Asif Raza, Kashif Ali Sultan, Naseeruddin Ghulam, Syed Shahzad Hussain, and Naveed Ashraf. "Early experience with patient-specific low-cost 3D-printed polymethylmethacrylate cranioplasty implants in a lower-middle-income-country: Technical note and economic analysis." Surgical Neurology International 13 (June 23, 2022): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_250_2022.
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Background: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cranioplasty, while widely prevalent, has limitations associated with freehand manual intraoperative molding. PMMA has been superseded by titanium or Polyetheretherketone implants, prefabricated commercially from preoperative CT scans, and boasting superior clinical and cosmetic outcomes. However, such services are extremely inaccessible and unaffordable in the lower-middle-income country (LMIC) settings. The study aims to describe, in detail, the process of making ultra-low-cost patient-specific PMMA cranioplasty implants with minimum resources using open-access software. We report the first such service from the public health-care system within Pakistan, a LMIC. Methods: Using open-source software, preoperative CT heads were used to prefabricate three-dimensional implants. Both implant and cranial defects were printed using polylactic acid (PLA) to assess the implant’s size and fit preoperatively. From the PLA implant, we fashioned a silicon mold that shapes the PMMA implant. Ten patients who underwent cranioplasty using our technique for various cranial defects with at least a 12-month follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical, cosmetic, and radiological outcomes were objectively assessed. Results: Etiology of injury was trauma (8), malignant MCA infarct (1), and arteriovenous fistula (1). We produced seven frontotemporal-parietal implants, one bifrontal, one frontal, and one frontoparietal. At 1 year, eight patients reported their cosmetic appearance comparable to before the defect. Radiological outcome was classified as “excellent” for eight patients. No postoperative complications were encountered, nor did any implant have to be removed. One patient’s implant involving the orbital ridge had an unsatisfactory cosmetic outcome and required revision surgery. The average cost per implant to the National Health Service was US$40. Conclusion: Prefabricated patient-specific PMMA cranioplasty implants are cost-effective. A single surgeon can fashion them in a limited resource setting and provide personalized medicine with excellent clinical/cosmetic-radiological results. Our method produces patient-specific cranioplasty implants in an otherwise unaffordable LMIC setting.
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RODRIGUES, Vinícius Anéas, João Paulo Mendes TRIBST, Leandro Ruivo SANTIS, Alexandre Luiz Souto BORGES, and Renato Sussumu NISHIOKA. "Biomechanical effect of inclined implants in fixed prosthesis: strain and stress analysis." Revista de Odontologia da UNESP 47, no. 4 (August 13, 2018): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.05418.
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Abstract Introduction Implant inclinations can be corrected using mini abutments at different angulations. Objective To analyze the influence of external hexagon implants in different inclinations (3 levels) on the microstrain distribution generated around three implants. Method A geometric bone model was created through Rhinoceros CAD software (version 5.0 SR8, Mcneel North America, Seattle, WA, USA). Three implants (4.1 × 13 mm) were modeled and inserted inside the substrate at three different inclinations: 0º, 17º and 30º. Next, all groups received mini conical abutments, fixation screws and a simplified prosthesis. The final geometry was exported in STEP format to analysis software and all materials were considered homogeneous, isotropic and linearly elastic. An axial load (300N) was applied on the center of the prosthesis. An in vitro study was conducted with same conditions and groups for validating the tridimentional model. Result Stress was concentrated on the external area of the implants, in contact with the cortical bone and external hexagon. For the bone simulator, the strain increased in the peri-implant region according to the increase in the implant’s inclination. The difference between groups was significant (p = 0.000). The 30º group presented higher stress and strain concentration. Conclusion The microstrain and stress increase around implants directly proportional to the increase of the installation angle.
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Ramirez, Caroline M., Paulo Guilherme Coelho, and José Mauro Granjeiro. "Cytotoxicity and Adhesion Evaluation of Nanothickness Ca/P-Based Bioceramics Coated Titanium." Key Engineering Materials 396-398 (October 2008): 319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.396-398.319.
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Incorporation of bioceramics on the surface of dental implants has been utilized in an attempt to increase biological response of bone to materials. This paper reports the in vitro biological evaluation of Ca/P-based nanothickness bioceramic coated alumina-blasted/acid-etched titanium implants (AB/AE nanotite implant) and compare its performance to the untreated and uncoated implants, Ca/P-based nanothickness bioceramic coated untreated implants (untreated nanotite implant), alumina-blasted/acid-etched titanium implants (AB/AE implant) and hydroxyapatite plasma-sprayed implants (PSHA Implant). Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts were used to asses the cytocompatibility of implant materials according to ISO-10993-5 protocols. Osteoblasts from Balb/c femurs seeded onto different implant surfaces showed the effect of surface topography and chemistry on cell adhesion. The results showed that all implants were not cytotoxic and that PSHA and AB/AE nanotite implants favored osteoblasts adhesion.
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Smorygo, Oleg, Viktoria Krasilnikova, Yuri Vialiuha, Vitaly Goranov, Yuri Kovalenko, and Larisa Tsedik. "Integrated Motile Orbital Implants Based on Ceramic Foam Scaffolds: Preparation and In Vivo Study." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 13 (July 2012): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbte.13.41.
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Zirconia-alumina ceramic foam scaffolds with a nanocrystalline HAP coating were used for the preparation of integrated motile orbital implants. This study demonstrated that open-cell ceramic foams with enhanced strength-to-density ratio are quite suitable as biocompatible materials for the manufacture of orbital implants for post-enucleation syndrome treatment. In-vivo studies demonstrated that the application of a nanocrystallyne (not sintered) HAP coating facilitated the formation of dense fibrous capsule around the implant as well as the fast tissue ingrowth into the implant’s internal space. Orbital implants with the optimized pore size and HAP content were implanted to the animal’s eye cavity with their fixation to the extraocular muscles, and their motility was ensured.
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Bagnasco, Francesco, Paolo Pesce, Domenico Baldi, Francesco Motta, Francesco Pera, Nicola De Angelis, and Maria Menini. "Dental Implants with External Hex Inclined Shoulder in Full-Arch Immediate Loading Rehabilitations of the Maxilla." Dentistry Journal 12, no. 5 (May 8, 2024): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj12050131.
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Background: Coaxial implants with an inclined neck might overcome some problems related to angulation of the implant axis when using tilted implants. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to conduct a narrative review of the current literature and to present a case series comparing traditional and coaxial external hex implants in full-arch immediate loading rehabilitations of the maxilla. Methods: A total of 13 external hex tapered implants (Southern Implants) was inserted in the upper jaw of 3 patients. Each patient received two tilted implants in distal sites. In one randomly selected quadrant, the tilted implant was a standard implant, while a Co-Axis® implant with a 24° inclination of the implant shoulder was inserted on the other hemi-arch. Straight conical abutments were screwed on coaxial implants while multiunit abutments of appropriate inclination were screwed as needed on the other implants to correct their axes. Peri-implant bone level was recorded radiographically at T0 (delivery of the immediate loading prosthesis), and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of healing and then annually. Plaque index, probing depth, and bleeding on probing were also evaluated. Cumulative implant survival rate (CSR) was calculated, and biological or technical complications were recorded as well as the operator satisfaction towards the use of coaxial implants. Results: The preliminary data collected did not show significant differences in peri-implant tissues health and maintenance over time between the two implant types. No implants failed, and both implant types proved to be favorable for full-arch rehabilitation using tilted implants. Coaxial implants facilitated the prosthodontic procedures. However, a learning curve is required in order to optimize their insertion. Conclusions: Both implants proved to be reliable and suitable for achieving clinical success in full-arch immediate loading rehabilitations, but further research with longer follow-up and larger sample size is needed to confirm these preliminary outcomes.
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Berlet, Gregory C., Ronit Merchav-Feuermann, and Nicolette Jackson. "Bio-Integration and Bone Fixation Performance of Continuous Mineral Fiber-Reinforced Implants." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 2473011420S0012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00127.
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Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics; Other Introduction/Purpose: The integration of an implant into surrounding tissue as remodeling occurs is a characteristic associated with bone grafts or bone fillers, some of which are osteoconductive or osteostimulative. Many bioabsorbable polymer implants lack quiescent degradation and are associated with adverse inflammation. Recently, new bio-integrative bone fixation implants comprised of continuous mineral fibers and polymer were introduced. The implant’s high mineral content is intended to encourage an increased bio-integrative response, while the continuous fiber structure provides mechanical bone fixation strength. The study objectives were to evaluate the implant’s long-term bio-integration and ability to maintain fixation in a load bearing in- vivo model. Methods: Twenty-four rabbits were studied over 104-week period to evaluate the bio-integration of fiber-reinforced bone fixation pins. The continuous reinforcing mineral fibers made up approximately 50% of the implant, comprised of elements found in native bone, including calcium, silica, and magnesium. The other 50% was comprised of poly (L-lactide-co-D, L lactide) (PLDLA) at a 70:30, L:DL ratio. Pins were implanted bilaterally, with three fiber-reinforced pins (test) implanted into the mid-shaft of one femur and three PLDLA polymer pins (control) into the mid-shaft of the other femur. Implantation sites were scored histologically at multiple timepoints to assess bio-integration by means of implant degradation profile, surrounding bone quality and tissue ingrowth. A separate group of twelve rabbits was studied clinically, radiographically and histologically over 12 weeks to evaluate the fiber-reinforced implant performance, compared to a stainless-steel implanted group, in a lateral femur condyle osteotomy model under full load bearing conditions. Results: At 104 weeks, implant material fully eliminated in 11 out of 12 fiber-reinforced implants and in 6 out of 12 PLDLA implants. The fiber-reinforced group showed increased propensity for bio-integration throughout the course of the study, demonstrating a gradual degradation profile and much higher score of tissue ingrowth. Amount of polymer decreased from a score of 4.0 at 4 weeks to score 1.7 at week 26, score 1.0 at week 78 and 0.1 at 104 weeks. The polymer control underwent abrupt late stage degradation, with amount of polymer dropping from a score of 4.0 to 0.7 from 78 to 104 weeks. In the load bearing osteotomy model, the fiber-reinforced implants performed comparable to stainless-steel, demonstrating tighter bone-to- implant interface with no intervening fibrotic tissue. Conclusion: This study represents the first long term in-vivo evaluation of mineral fiber-reinforced implants demonstrating both bio-integration and orthopedic fixation. Quiescent bio-integration is a significant challenge for degradable orthopedic fixation implants. The implants must be mechanically strong for stable fixation while able to gradually integrate with surrounding bone without adverse effects. Continuous fiber reinforced implants proved the unique potential to meet this challenge with a fiber structure that provides fixation strength and is comprised entirely of minerals found in native bone. An increased level of mesenchymal tissue ingrowth, combined with the absence of local or systemic adverse response, demonstrates excellent bio- integration.
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Primo, Bruno Tochetto, Rovene Cordeiro da Silva, Eduardo Grossmann, Sergio Augusto Quevedo Miguens Jr, Pedro Antonio Gonzalez Hernandez, and Aurelício Novaes Silva. "Effect of Surface Roughness and Low-Level Laser Therapy on Removal Torque of Implants Placed in Rat Femurs." Journal of Oral Implantology 39, no. 5 (October 1, 2013): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-10-00141.
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The present study measured removal torque and bone-implant interface resistance of machined implants, acid-etched implants, or machined implants irradiated around the implant area with infrared low-level laser therapy (LLLT; 830 nm) immediately after surgery. There were statistically significant differences between Groups A (control) and B (rough surface) (P = .03). Implants with a rough surface seem to add resistance to the bone-implant interface compared with smooth titanium implants or implants treated with LLLT.
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Chuah, CT, SP Chee, KS Fong, YM Por, CT Choo, C. Luu, and LL Seah. "Integrated Hydroxyapatite Implant and Non-integrated Implants in Enucleated Asian Patients." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 33, no. 4 (July 15, 2004): 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v33n4p477.
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Introduction: This study compares the outcome and complications of integrated hydroxyapatite implant and non-integrated orbital implants following enucleation in Asian patients. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of enucleated patients with coralline hydroxyapatite implants versus non-integrated implants (acrylic, glass and silicone) at the Singapore National Eye Centre from January 1991 to December 2000. The outcomes measured were implant migration, extrusion, socket infection, conjunctival dehiscence and implant exposure. Statistical analysis was done using the 2-sample t-test. Results: Twenty-one patients had the hydroxyapatite implant and 38 non-integrated implants (27 acrylic, 9 glass and 2 silicone). The mean duration of follow-up was 2.7 years and 4 years for the hydroxyapatite implant and non-integrated implants respectively. Three patients with pre-existing severe socket contracture before enucleation surgeries were excluded from the study. Four cases of implant migration, 4 cases of implant extrusion and 3 cases of socket infection were encountered; all were sockets fitted with non-integrated implants. There was a higher rate of conjunctival dehiscence for sockets with hydroxyapatite implants (6 out of 21) compared to sockets with non-integrated implants (3 out of 35). This was statistically significant (P = 0.048). Conclusion: Implant complications of migration, extrusion and socket infection were found in non-integrated implants and none in coralline hydroxyapatite implants, which had a significantly higher rate of conjunctival dehiscence. Most of these were easily managed with only a small number progressing to implant exposure.
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Poli, Pier Paolo, Mattia Manfredini, Carlo Maiorana, Federica E. Salina, and Mario Beretta. "Correlation between Accuracy in Computer-Guided Implantology and Peri-Implant Tissue Stability: A Prospective Clinical and Radiological Pilot Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 15 (August 3, 2023): 5098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12155098.
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The present pilot study was designed by hypothesizing a possible correlation between lack of accuracy in implant placement and peri-implant hard and soft tissue health. A total of five patients underwent computer-guided implant surgery and full-arch immediate loading between 2013 and 2014. They subsequently underwent postoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). After a follow-up of 5 years, all patients were recalled for a clinical-radiographic evaluation of peri-implant health status. The mean linear deviation was 0.5 ± 0.2 mm at the implant’s head and 0.6 ± 0.2 mm at the implant’s apex, while the mean angular deviation of the long axis was 2.8° ± 1.2°. A mean marginal bone loss (MBL) of 1.16 ± 0.94 mm and 2.01 ± 1.76 mm was observed after 1 and 5 years of follow-up, respectively. At 5 years, the mean peri-implant probing depth (PPD) was 4.09 ± 1.44 mm, 66.6% of the evaluated implants showed peri-implant bleeding on probing (BOP), keratinized mucosa (KM) was <2 mm in 48.4% of cases, and mucosal recession (REC) ≥ 1 mm was assessed in 45.4% of the included implants. A negative correlation was observed between bucco-palatal/lingual linear inaccuracy and MBL, PPD, BOP, and KM.
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Costa, Thaís Lanícia Braga da, Dênyson De Almeida Silva, and Milton D’Almeida Ferreira Neto. "Nanosuperfície de Titânio como uma nova realidade na implantodontia: Revisão de Literatura / Nano-surface Titanium a new reality in implant dentistry: Literature Review." ID on line. Revista de psicologia 15, no. 58 (December 30, 2021): 232–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/idonline.v15i58.3322.
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Resumo: A odontologia vem buscando cada vez mais métodos de reabilitação dentária que sejam menos traumáticos e eficazes estética e visualmente falando. Sob esse aspecto, os implantes dentários têm se desenvolvido cada vez no intuito de garantir a satisfação dos pacientes, através de avanços tecnológicos como o da Nanosuperfície de Titânio. Assim, o presente estudo objetiva abordar a questão das superfícies de implantes de titânio no que se refere à sua capacidade de estímulo na formação óssea, por ser uma técnica que diminui o tempo de osseointegração e, consequentemente, a duração do processo e recuperação do paciente. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica em bases de dados eletrônicas acerca do tema, que comprovassem a diminuição de tempo do trabalho do profissional da Odontologia e uma melhor qualidade no que se refere aos implantes dentários, através da análise de três marcas nacionais a fim de comprovar sua eficácia. Palavras-chave: Implante dentário. Nanosuperfície de Titânio. Osseointegração. ---Abstract: Dentistry is increasingly seeking dental rehabilitation methods that are less traumatic and effective aesthetically and visually. In this regard, dental implants have been increasingly developed to ensure patient satisfaction, through technological advances such as the Titanium Nano-surface. Thus, this study aims to address the issue of titanium implant surfaces in terms of their ability to stimulate bone formation, as it is a technique that reduces the time of osseointegration and, consequently, the duration of the process and patient recovery. To this end, a bibliographic review was carried out in electronic databases on the subject, which could prove the reduction of time in the work of the dentistry professional and a better quality regarding dental implants, through the analysis of three national brands to prove its effectiveness. Keywords: Dental implant. Titanium Nano-surface. Osseointegration.
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de Carvalho Silva Leocádio, Amanda, Matusalém Silva Júnior, Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de Oliveira, Gustavo da Col Santos Pinto, Rafael Silveira Faeda, Luis Eduardo Marques Padovan, and Élcio Marcantonio Júnior. "Evaluation of Implants with Different Macrostructures in Type I Bone—Pre-Clinical Study in Rabbits." Materials 13, no. 7 (March 26, 2020): 1521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071521.
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The objective of this study was to assess the primary stability and the osseointegration process in implants with different macrostructures (Cylindrical vs. Hybrid Conical) in rabbit tibiae. Twenty-four (24) rabbits were used, divided into 3 experimental periods (2, 4 and 8 weeks) with 8 animals each. Each animal bilaterally received 2 implants from each group in the tibial metaphysis: Cylindrical Implant (CI) and Hybrid Conical Implant (HCI). All implants were assessed for insertion torque. After the experimental periods, one of the implants in each group was submitted to the removal counter-torque test and descriptive histological analysis while the other implant was used for microtomographic and histometric analysis (%Bone-Implant Contact). HCI implants showed higher insertion torque (32.93 ± 10.61 Ncm vs. 27.99 ± 7.80 Ncm) and higher % of bone-implant contact in the 8-week period (79.08 ± 11.31% vs. 59.72 ± 11.29%) than CI implants. However, CI implants showed higher values of removal counter-torque than HCI implants in the 8-week period (91.05 ± 9.32 Ncm vs. 68.62 ± 13.70 Ncm). There were no differences between groups regarding microtomographic data. It can be concluded that HCI implants showed greater insertion torque and bone-implant contact in relation to CI implants in the period of 8 weeks when installed in cortical bone of rabbits.
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Tallarico, Marco, Nicola Baldini, Matteo Martinolli, Erta Xhanari, Yong-Jin Kim, Gabriele Cervino, and Silvio Mario Meloni. "Do the New Hydrophilic Surface Have Any Influence on Early Success Rate and Implant Stability during Osseointegration Period? Four-Month Preliminary Results from a Split-Mouth, Randomized Controlled Trial." European Journal of Dentistry 13, no. 01 (February 2019): 095–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688737.
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Abstract Objective The objective of this study is to compare the implant stability of Hiossen ET III implants with its new hydrophilic (NH) surface and Hiossen ET III implants with the sandblasted and acid-etched (SA) surface. Materials and Methods Patients required at least two teeth to be rehabilitated with a fixed, implant-supported restoration, consecutively enrolled. Patients randomly received SA surface implants (SA group) or SA implants with a newly developed bioabsorbable apatite nanocoating (NH group). Outcome measures were implant and prosthetic survival rate, complications, insertion torque, and implant stability quotient (ISQ) measured at implant placement and every week up to 8 weeks after implant placement. Comparison between groups was made by unpaired t-test, while the comparison between each follow-up will be made by paired t-tests to detect any change during the follow-up. Complications and failures were compared using Fisher's exact test. Results A total of 14 patients were treated with 28 implants (14 SA and 14 NH). No implant and prosthesis failed 4 months after implant placement. No complications were experienced. At the 2nd week after implants placement, two implants in the SA group showed discontinuous measurements versus none in the NH group (p = 0.4815). Implants unscrewed during ISQ measurements and were rescrewed. Data recording stopped for 6 weeks. Both implants osseointegrated without any further complication. The NH implants did not show physiological ISQ decrease between 2nd and 4th week after implant placement, showing a more even pattern of ISQ values compared with SA implants (77.1 ± 4.6 vs. 72.9 ± 11.5; difference: 4.2 ± 12.1; p = 0.258). High ISQ values were found in both groups at each time point. Conclusions NH implants are a viable alternative to SA surface, as they seem to avoid the ISQ drop during the remodeling phase.
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Wakure, Poonam, Pankaj Ghalaut, Manu Rathee, Prachi Jain, Maqbul Alam, and Sanju Malik. "Comparative evaluation of implant stability and crestal bone level between tapered and cylindrical implants in the posterior regions of the mandible: A prospective, randomized, split-mouth clinical trial." National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery 14, no. 2 (2023): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/njms.njms_514_21.
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ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the clinical outcome of tapered and cylindrical implants placed in the posterior region of mandible by measuring implant stability and crestal bone level at the healing period. Materials and Methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted on 15 patients who were included in the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 30 dental implants were placed in both groups: 15 implants in Group I (tapered implants) and 15 implants in Group II (cylindrical implants) in the posterior region of mandible. Implant stability assessment by periotest was done at the time of implant placement (baseline) and after 3 months. The crestal bone level was measured with the help of radiovisiography (RVG) at the time of implant placement (baseline) and at 3 and 6 months. Results: At baseline, there was statistically significant (P < 0.01) difference in primary implant stability. Tapered implants had higher primary implant stability than cylindrical implants. However, at 3 months, there was no statistically significant (P > 0.05) difference in the secondary implant stability of both the groups. Also, the crestal bone level on the mesial and distal sides of dental implant for tapered and cylindrical implants was statistically nonsignificant (P > 0.05) at all time intervals, that is, at baseline and at 3 and 6 months. Conclusion: Tapered implants had higher primary stability than cylindrical implants, and no difference was found in secondary stability. The crestal bone level was similar for both groups during early healing and early post-loading periods.
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Aboushelib, Moustafa N., Noha A. Salem, Ahmed L. Abo Taleb, and Naglaa M. Abd El Moniem. "Influence of Surface Nano-Roughness on Osseointegration of Zirconia Implants in Rabbit Femur Heads Using Selective Infiltration Etching Technique." Journal of Oral Implantology 39, no. 5 (October 1, 2013): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-11-00075.
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This study evaluates osseous healing of selective infiltration-etched (SIE) zirconia implants compared to as-sintered zirconia and titanium implants. Twenty implants of each group were inserted in 40 adult New Zealand white male rabbits. After 4 and 6 weeks, bone blocks containing the implants were retrieved, sectioned, and processed to evaluate bone-implant contact (BIC) and peri-implant bone density. SIE zirconia implants had significantly higher BIC and marginally higher bone density. The results suggest that selective infiltration-etched zirconia implant surface may improve implant osseointegration.
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Szpak, Piotr, and Jolanta Szymanska. "The survival of dental implants with different implant-abutment connection systems." Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences 29, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cipms-2016-0003.
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Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the survival of implants with different implant-abutment connection systems, in patients who had two kinds of implants implanted. In total, 240 implants were implanted - 91 implants with conical abutment Morse connection, and 149 with an internal hexagonal connection. During the follow-up period of 3 years and 10 months, the percentage of lost implants with a conical implant-abutment connection was 1.1%. Regarding the implants with hexagonal implant-abutment connection, this figure was 0.7%. Our work shows that there is a need for further research on the survival of dental implants. In this, the influence of other factors should be explored that are related both to the specific implant treatment, as well as to socio-demographic factors
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Özkurt, Zeynep, and Ender Kazazoğlu. "Zirconia Dental Implants: A Literature Review." Journal of Oral Implantology 37, no. 3 (June 1, 2011): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-09-00079.
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Abstract Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used for fabrication of dental implants. Because of potential immunologic and possible esthetic compromises with titanium implants, novel implant technologies are being developed. However, these novel technologies must maintain the characteristics that provide titanium implants with their high success rates. Zirconia implants were introduced into dental implantology as an alternative to titanium implants. Zirconia seems to be a suitable implant material because of its toothlike color, mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and low plaque affinity. The aim of this study is to review clinical and research articles conducted on zirconia dental implants, compare them with titanium dental implants, and provide information on zirconia dental implant osseointegration and mechanical strength. Zirconia dental implants have the potential to become alternative dental implants to titanium dental implants, but they are not yet in routine clinical use.
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Jain, Mahima, Mohd Shafiq Bin Shaffa’ee, Ashita Uppoor, Swati Pralhad, Sangeeta U. Nayak, and Sharon Saldanha. "Evaluation of Risk Factors of Peri-Implant Disease Using a New Manual Risk Assessment Model: A Clinical study." International Journal of Dentistry 2022 (October 7, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1347569.
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Background. Implants are being widely used as a treatment option and are considered the best line of treatment owing to their high level of predictability. However, over 5 years, 0–14.4% of dental implants have demonstrated peri-inflammatory reactions associated with loss of crestal bone and ultimately loss of the implant. Peri-implant diseases are categorized into peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. There are a number of risk factors associated with these conditions, and the early detection of these possible risk factors, change in the treatment protocol whenever required along with a regular follow-up, can ensure a better survival rate of dental implants. In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the risk factors associated with peri-implant diseases and also to correlate these risk factors to the prevalence of peri-implant diseases using the formulated risk assessment model. Methodology. The risk assessment model was prepared based on existing literature explaining the risk factors for peri-implant diseases. This study was conducted as a pilot study, and the method of complete sampling was used wherein all subjects in whom implants have been placed at the Department of Periodontology and Department of Prosthodontics were recalled and assessed. The model was then evaluated on patients in whom dental implants were placed and the implants were loaded for a year. A total of 13 subjects with 21 implants were assessed for the presence or absence of risk factors, and a score was given. Test of proportion and chi-square test was done. Results and Discussion. Of the 21 implants assessed, 15 implants were found to be at low risk and 6 implants with moderate risk of peri-implant disease. The number of implants with low risk was higher in implants with peri-implant mucositis (25%) whereas the implants with moderate risk was higher in implants with peri-implantitis (75%). This comparison was statistically significant with a p value of 0.022. Conclusion. This risk assessment tool can be used in the early detection of peri-implant disease, and identifying the risk factor may help in the success rate of the implant survival.
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Tal, Haim, Vadim Reiser, Sarit Naishlos, Gal Avishai, Roni Kolerman, and Liat Chaushu. "Screw-Type Collar vs. Non-Screw-Type Collar Implants—Comparison of Initial Stability, Soft Tissue Adaptation, and Early Marginal Bone Loss—A Preclinical Study in the Dog." Biology 11, no. 8 (August 12, 2022): 1213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11081213.
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Background: Implant neck characteristics may affect initial implant stability, soft tissue healing, and early marginal bone loss (EMBL) at second-stage surgery. The null hypothesis was that, following two-stage implant insertion, rough surface, non-screw-type collar implants will present lower EMBL at 2nd-stage surgery than rough-surface, screw-type collar implants. Methods: The study comprised seven male beagle dogs (mean weight 10.57 ± 2.8 kg; range 9–17 kg). A novel implant design was developed, composed of 2 parts: an apical part resembling a regular threaded implant, and a coronal non-screw-type collar, 4.2 mm long, served as the study group, whereas standard threaded implants served as control. Twenty-eight implants were placed: two on each side of the mandible. All implants were sand-blasted/acid-etched and of similar dimensions. Each dog received four implants. To assess location (anterior vs. posterior) impact on the outcomes, implants were placed as follows: group I—posterior mandible right—non-screw-type collar implants; group II—anterior mandible right—similar non-screw-type collar implants. To assess the collar-design effect on the outcomes, implants were placed as follows—Group III—anterior mandible left—control group, screw-type collar implants; Group IV—study group, posterior mandible left—non-screw-type collar implants. The following parameters were measured and recorded: insertion torque, soft tissue healing, early implant failure, and EMBL at 2nd-stage surgery. Results: No statistically significant differences were noted between groups I and II regarding all outcome parameters. At the same time, although insertion torque (55 N/cm) and early implant failure (0) were similar between groups III and IV, group III presented significantly poorer soft tissue healing (1.43 vs. 0.14) and increased marginal bone loss (0.86 vs. 0 mm). Conclusions: When a two-stage implant protocol was used, rough-surface non-screw-type collar implants led to superior outcomes at 2nd-stage surgery. Implant location did not affect the results. The significance of this result in preventing EMBL awaits further research.
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Romanos, Georgios E., Gerard A. Fischer, Zaid T. Rahman, and Rafael Delgado-Ruiz. "Spectrometric Analysis of the Wear from Metallic and Ceramic Dental Implants following Insertion: An In Vitro Study." Materials 15, no. 3 (February 4, 2022): 1200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15031200.
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Titanium wear is a growing area of interest within dental implantology. This study aimed to investigate titanium and zirconium wear from dental implants at the time of insertion using X-ray-fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and an in vitro protocol utilizing artificial bovine bone plates. Five groups were analyzed using XRF-spectrometry: groups 1–4 (titanium implants) and group 5 (zirconia implants). The implants were inserted into two bone blocks held together by a vice. The blocks were separated, and the insertion sites were analyzed for titanium (Ti) and zirconium (Zr). Statistical descriptive analyses of Ti and Zr concentrations in the coronal, middle and apical bone interface were performed. A comparative analysis confirmed differences between the implant’s surface stability and Ti accumulation within the insertion sites of the bone block. There was a direct relationship between implant length and the quantity of titanium found on the bone block. The data generally indicates greater quantities of titanium in the coronal thirds of the implants, and less in the apical thirds. The titanium and zirconium found in the bone samples where the group 5 implants were inserted was not of statistical significance when compared to control osteotomies. The results of this study confirm wear from metallic, but not ceramic, dental implants at the time of insertion.
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Gao, Xing, Manon Fraulob, and Guillaume Haïat. "Biomechanical behaviours of the bone–implant interface: a review." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16, no. 156 (July 2019): 20190259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0259.
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In recent decades, cementless implants have been widely used in clinical practice to replace missing organs, to replace damaged or missing bone tissue or to restore joint functionality. However, there remain risks of failure which may have dramatic consequences. The success of an implant depends on its stability, which is determined by the biomechanical properties of the bone–implant interface (BII). The aim of this review article is to provide more insight on the current state of the art concerning the evolution of the biomechanical properties of the BII as a function of the implant's environment. The main characteristics of the BII and the determinants of implant stability are first introduced. Then, the different mechanical methods that have been employed to derive the macroscopic properties of the BII will be described. The experimental multi-modality approaches used to determine the microscopic biomechanical properties of periprosthetic newly formed bone tissue are also reviewed. Eventually, the influence of the implant's properties, in terms of both surface properties and biomaterials, is investigated. A better understanding of the phenomena occurring at the BII will lead to (i) medical devices that help surgeons to determine an implant's stability and (ii) an improvement in the quality of implants.
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Giovanetti, Karina, Ricardo Armini Caldas, and Paulo Henrique Ferreira Caria. "How many implants are needed for mandibular full-arch rehabilitation?" Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 19 (October 6, 2020): e209191. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8659191.
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Aim: To analyze the stress distribution at the peri-implant bone tissue of mandible in full-arch implant-supported rehabilitation using a different number of implants as support. Methods: Three-dimensional finite element models of full-arch prosthesis with 3, 4 and 5 implants and those respective mandibular bone, screws and structure were built. ANSYS Workbench software was used to analyze the maximum and minimum principal stresses (quantitative analysis) and modified von Mises stress (qualitative analysis) in peri-implant bone tissue after vertical and oblique forces (100N) applied to the structure at the cantilever site (region of the first molars). Results: The peak of tensile stress values were at the bone tissue around to the distal implant in all models. The model with 3 implants presented the maximum principal stress, in the surrounding bone tissue, higher (~14%) than the other models. The difference of maximum principal stress for model with 4 and 5 implants was not relevant (~1%). The first medial implant of the model with 5 implants presented the lower (17%) stress values in bone than model with 3 implants. It was also not different from model with 4 implants. Conclusion: Three regular implants might present a slight higher chance of failure than rehabilitations with four or five implants. The use of four implants showed to be an adequate alternative to the use of classical five implants.