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Journal articles on the topic 'Immuno-suppression'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Chandra, Sudesh, P. K. Gupta, Y. P. Singh, and S. C. Mishra. "Immuno-suppression in fluoride exposed goats." Toxicology Letters 95 (July 1998): 176–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(98)80704-2.

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2

Mommaas, A. "Protection of UV-induced immuno suppression." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 5, no. 1 (October 1995): S26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-9959(95)95849-v.

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3

Jha, S. S. "Human immuno-suppression therapy in SARS-CoV-2." COVID-19 Special Issue 1, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2020.016.

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4

Shakespeare, Rachel, and A. Barney Hawthorne. "Gut-selective immuno suppression to treat inflammatory bowel disease." Gastrointestinal Nursing 16, no. 3 (April 2, 2018): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/gasn.2018.16.3.40.

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5

Reddy, Pavan, Yoshinobu Maeda, Raimon Duran-Struuck, Oleg Krijanovski, Charles Dinarello, and James L. Ferrara. "Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Induce Immuno-Dominant Suppression of Dendritic Cells." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.456.456.

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Abstract We and others have recently demonstrated that suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with anti-neoplastic properties, reduces experimental acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). We have now investigated the mechanisms of action of two HDAC inhibitors, SAHA and ITF 2357, on allogeneic immune responses. Bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DCs) were preincubated with the HDAC inhibitors at nanomolar concentrations for 16–18 hours and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pretreatment of DCs caused a significant reduction in the secretion of TNF-α, IL-12p70 and IL-6 compared to the untreated controls (P< 0.005). Similar effects were seen using human peripheral blood mononuclear cell derived DCs. Pre-treatment of both murine and human DCs also significantly reduced their in vitro stimulation of allogeneic T cells as measured by proliferation and IFN-γ production (P<0.01). We determined the in vivo relevance of these observations utilizing a mouse model where the responses of allogeneic donor bm12 T cells depended on the function of injected host B6 DCs would stimulate. Recipient Class-II −/− B6 (H-2b) received 11 Gy on day -1 and were injected with 4–5 x 106 wild type B6 DCs treated with SAHA or with media on days -1 and 0 and then transplanted with 2 x 106 T cells and 5 x 106 TCDBM cells from either syngeneic B6 or allogeneic bm12 donors. SAHA treatment of DCs significantly reduced expansion of allogeneic donor CD4+ T cells on day +7 after BMT compared to controls (P<0.05). SAHA treatment induced a similarly significant reduction in the expansion of CD8+ cells in Class I disparate [bm1→β2M−/−] model. In vitro, SAHA treatment significantly suppressed the expression of CD40 and CD80 but did not alter MHC class II expression. Surprisingly, when mixed with normal DCs at 1:1 ratio, SAHA treated DCs dominantly suppressed allogeneic T cell responses. The regulation of T cell proliferation was not reversible by addition of IL-12, TNF-α, IL-18, anti-IL-10 or anti-TGFβ, either alone or in combination. Suppression of allogeneic responses was contact dependent in trans-well experiments. To address whether the regulation of SAHA treated DCs required contact with T cells, we devised a three cell experiment where SAHA treated DCs lacked the capacity to present antigens to T cells. DCs from B6 MHC Class II deficient (H-2b) were treated with SAHA and co-cultured with wild type B6 (H-2b) DCs along with purified allogeneic BALB/c (H-2d) CD4+ T cells in an MLR. Allogeneic CD4+ T cells proliferated well, demonstrating the regulation to be dependent on contact between SAHA treated DCs and T cells. To address the in vivo relevance of this suppression, we utilized a well characterized [BALB/c →B6] mouse model of acute GVHD. Recipient B6 animals received 11Gy on day -1 and were injected with of 5 million host type SAHA treated or control DCs on days −1, 0, and +2. Mice were transplanted on day 0 with 2 x 106 T cells and 5 x 106 BM from either syngeneic B6 or allogeneic BALB/c donors. Injection of SAHA treated DCs resulted in significantly better survival (60% vs. 10%, P < 0.01) and significantly reduced serum levels of TNF-α, donor T cell expansion and histopathology of GVHD on day +7 after BMT compared to the controls. We conclue that HDAC inhibitors are novel immunomodulators that regulate DC function and might represent a novel strategy to prevent GVHD.

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6

Tarr, Melinda J., Richard M. Bauer, and Richard G. Olsen. "Effects of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine on corynebacterium parvum-induced immuno-suppression." Toxicology 47, no. 1-2 (December 1987): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-483x(87)90199-5.

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7

Merselis, Daniel G., Diego Lirman, and Mauricio Rodriguez-Lanetty. "Symbiotic immuno-suppression: is disease susceptibility the price of bleaching resistance?" PeerJ 6 (April 17, 2018): e4494. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4494.

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Accelerating anthropogenic climate change threatens to destroy coral reefs worldwide through the processes of bleaching and disease. These major contributors to coral mortality are both closely linked with thermal stress intensified by anthropogenic climate change. Disease outbreaks typically follow bleaching events, but a direct positive linkage between bleaching and disease has been debated. By tracking 152 individual coral ramets through the 2014 mass bleaching in a South Florida coral restoration nursery, we revealed a highly significant negative correlation between bleaching and disease in the Caribbean staghorn coral,Acropora cervicornis. To explain these results, we propose a mechanism for transient immunological protection through coral bleaching: removal ofSymbiodiniumduring bleaching may also temporarily eliminate suppressive symbiont modulation of host immunological function. We contextualize this hypothesis within an ecological perspective in order to generate testable predictions for future investigation.

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8

Politt, D., B. Heintz, J. Floege, and P. R. Mertens. "Tacrolimus- (FK 506) based immuno-suppression in severe systemic lupus erythematosus." Clinical Nephrology 62, no. 07 (July 1, 2004): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/cnp62049.

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9

Cynober, Luc A. "Do We Have Unrealistic Expectations of the Potential of Immuno-Nutrition?" Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 26, S1 (October 2001): S36—S44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h2001-040.

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Heavy sports training schedules and competition is often associated with immuno-suppression, and so there is a theoretical justification for providing athletes with nutrients that display immuno-regulatory properties. Among such immuno-nutrients, considerable attention has been paid in recent years to two amino acids, arginine (ARG) and glutamine (GLN). ARG and GLN availability regulate the function ofT lymphocytes, macro phages and polymorphonuclear cells. ARG acts through nitric oxide and polyamine synthesis. The mechanism of action of GLN in immune cells remains unclear. Experience in clinical nutrition suggests that an ARG-enriched diet may limit infectious morbidity in critically ill patients. Data concerning oral/enteral GLN supplementation are more controversial. There have been few trials of supplementation in sports medicine, but results are promising, justifying further studies in which dosages and administration schedules should be taken into account.

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10

Umeshappa, Channakeshava Sokke, Karam Pal Singh, Roopa Hebbandi Nanjundappa, and Awadh Bihari Pandey. "Apoptosis and immuno-suppression in sheep infected with bluetongue virus serotype-23." Veterinary Microbiology 144, no. 3-4 (August 2010): 310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.02.033.

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Lechner, A. J., K. E. Lamprech, C. A. Johanns, and G. M. Matuschak. "BACTERICIDAL/PERMEABILITY-INCREASING PROTEIN IMPROVES SURVIVAL DURING IMMUNO-SUPPRESSION-RELATED BACTERIAL SEPSIS." Shock 3, no. 6 (June 1995): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00024382-199506000-00180.

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Lechner, A. J., K. E. Lamprech, C. A. Johanns, and G. M. Matuschak. "BACTERICIDAL/PERMEABILITY-INCREASING PROTEIN IMPROVES SURVIVAL DURING IMMUNO-SUPPRESSION-RELATED BACTERIAL SEPSIS." Shock 3 (June 1995): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00024382-199506002-00179.

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13

Hoppstädter, Jessica, and Alexandra K. Kiemer. "Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) in immuno suppression: master regulator or bystander?" Oncotarget 6, no. 36 (October 20, 2015): 38446–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.6197.

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Makino, Toshiaki, Keita Kato, and Hajime Mizukami. "Processed Aconite Root Prevents Cold-Stress-Induced Hypothermia and Immuno-Suppression in Mice." Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 32, no. 10 (2009): 1741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.32.1741.

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15

Eiwegger, T., S. Gruber, C. Geiger, E. Mayer, E. Dehlink, C. Bannert, T. Frischer, et al. "Impact of systemic immuno-suppression after solid organ transplantation on allergen-specific responses." Allergy 66, no. 2 (September 7, 2010): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02475.x.

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16

Jiao, Hena, and Fei Ren. "Pretreatment with Lornoxicam, a Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor, Relieves Postoperative Immuno-Suppression after Total Abdominal Hysterectomy." Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 219, no. 4 (2009): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1620/tjem.219.289.

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17

Jha, SS. "Revisiting Characters of Human Immune Orchestra in Light of Immuno-Suppression by Corona Virus." Acta Scientific Orthopaedics 3, no. 5 (April 17, 2020): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31080/asor.2020.03.0174.

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18

Kahan, Barry D. "The three fates of immuno suppression in the next millenium: selectivity, synergy, and specificity." Transplant International 9, no. 6 (November 1996): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-2277.1996.tb00909.x.

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19

Legat, F. J., P. Wolf, L. T. Jaiani, R. Lang, M. S. Wang, C. A. Armstrong, J. C. Ansel, and J. D. Glass. "Increased intraepidermal CGRP correlates with local immuno-suppression after repeated broadband and narrowband UVB." Experimental Dermatology 13, no. 9 (June 28, 2008): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.0212bs.x.

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20

MATSUOKA, Takao, Haruo YOSHII, and Seishi SUEHIRO. "Immunological action of Neurotropin. (5). Effect of Neurotropin on immuno-suppression caused by stress." Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 90, no. 1 (1987): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/fpj.90.67.

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21

MARTYNOV, A. I. "MODULATORY EFFECT OF PREDOMINATELY PHYSICAL NATURE FACTORS ON HUMAN AND ANIMAL IMMUNE SYSTEMS (PART 1)." Russian Journal of Allergy 11, no. 4 (December 15, 2014): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36691/rja582.

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The review presents the data on mechanical vibration and two types of non-ionizing radiation influence on im- munological reactivity of the organism. Mechanical vibration causes a cell immunity suppression and immuno- pathological syndromes development. li EMr activates t-lymphocytes and increases expression of il-1b, iFn-g and tnFa genes which determine anti-inflammatory effect. li lr has hormesis effect: it`s small doses activate immunocyte and cytokine production and it`s high doses lead to immunosuppression.

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22

FORBES, A., and N. G. READING. "the risks of malignancy from either immuno-suppression or diagnostic radiation in inflammatory bowel disease." Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 9, no. 5 (March 31, 2007): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1995.tb00408.x.

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23

METTLER, L., A. B. CZUPPON, and H. R. TINNEBERG. "Immunization with Spermatozoal Peptide Antigens Resulting in Immuno-suppression of Fertility Rates in Female Rats." Andrologia 15, no. 6 (April 24, 2009): 670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0272.1983.tb00190.x.

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24

Loureiro, F. C. L., A. M. N. Lima, R. Roque, R. M. P. de Figueiredo, E. U. K. Melcher, M. Borre, C. Thirstrup, and H. Neff. "Simplified Immuno-assay for Rapid Label-free Dengue Serotype Diagnosis: Suppression of Non-specific Binding Interference." Procedia Technology 27 (2017): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2017.04.031.

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25

Greer, A. W., M. Stankiewicz, N. P. Jay, R. W. McAnulty, and A. R. Sykes. "The effect of concurrent corticosteroid induced immuno-suppression and infection with the intestinal parasite Trichostrongylus colubriformis on food intake and utilization in both immunologically naïve and competent sheep." Animal Science 80, no. 1 (February 2005): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/asc41100089.

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AbstractThe nutritional cost of both the acquisition and maintenance of immunity to gastro-intestinal nematodes was investigated using immunologically naïve 5-month-old lambs and immunologically competent 17-month-old ewes. Within each age cohort, animals were either infected with the equivalent of 80 L3Trichostrongylus colubriformislarvae per kg live weight (LW) per day (IF), similarly infected and concurrently immuno-suppressed with weekly injections of 1·3 mg/kg LW of the glucocorticoid methylprednisolone acetate (ISIF), immuno-suppressed only (IS) or remained as controls (C). Body composition of all animals was estimated using X-ray computer tomography on days -14 and 76 relative to the start of infection. Body weight and faecal nematode egg counts (FEC; eggs per gram of fresh faeces (e.p.g.)) were taken weekly and blood samples for serum proteins and antibodies were obtained every 2 weeks. FEC in IF lambs peaked at 1250 e.p.g. before a typical decline as immunity developed to less than 100 e.p.g. by day 75. FEC of less than 100 e.p.g. in IF ewes indicated immunity was maintained. Successful immuno-suppression in ISIF lambs and ewes was indicated by FEC of 4000 e.p.g. on day 75 and was confirmed by comparative worm burdens and serum antibody titres. The typical reduction in voluntary food intake (VFI) as a consequence of infection was observed in IF lambs (proportionately 0·30,P< 0·001) but not in IF ewes, ISIF lambs or ISIF ewes. Gross efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for net energy deposition was reduced by proportionately 0·20 in lambs during acquisition of immunity and by 0·16 in ewes maintaining an established immunity. Infection in immuno-suppressed animals reduced efficiency by 0·05 and 0·15 for lambs and ewes, respectively. These findings allowed the hypothesis that the reduction in VFI and loss in performance in young parasitised sheep is caused by physiological signalling associated with the acquisition phase of the host immune response to infection, rather than simply the damage caused by the parasiteper se.

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26

Gilhus, Nils Erik. "Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome; Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy." Autoimmune Diseases 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/973808.

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Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) is a rare disease with a well-characterized pathogenesis. In 50% of the patients, LEMS is a paraneoplastic manifestation and caused by a small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Both LEMS patients with SCLC and those without this tumour have in 85% of cases pathogenetic antibodies of very high LEMS specificity against voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) in the cell membrane of the presynaptic motor nerve terminal. Better understanding of LEMS pathogenesis has lead to targeted symptomatic therapy aimed at the neuromuscular junction and to semispecific immuno-suppression. For SCLC LEMS, tumour therapy is essential.

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27

Brennen, W. Nathaniel, Daniel L. J Thorek, Wen Jiang, Timothy E. Krueger, Lizamma Antony, Samuel R. Denmeade, and John T. Isaacs. "Overcoming stromal barriers to immuno-oncological responses via fibroblast activation protein-targeted therapy." Immunotherapy 13, no. 2 (February 2021): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/imt-2020-0066.

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The tumor microenvironment contributes to disease progression through multiple mechanisms, including immune suppression mediated in part by fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-expressing cells. Herein, a review of FAP biology is presented, supplemented with primary data. This includes FAP expression in prostate cancer and activation of latent reservoirs of TGF-β and VEGF to produce a positive feedback loop. This collectively suggests a normal wound repair process subverted during cancer pathophysiology. There has been immense interest in targeting FAP for diagnostic, monitoring and therapeutic purposes. Until recently, this development has outpaced an understanding of the biology; impeding optimal translation into the clinic. A summary of these applications is provided with an emphasis on eliminating tumor-infiltrating FAP-positive cells to overcome stromal barriers to immuno-oncological responses.

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28

&NA;. "CD4+CD25+ T REGULATORY CELLS AND IMMUNO-SUPPRESSION BY CYCLIN KINASE INHIBITOR p21: IS THERE A CONNECTION?" Transplantation 82, Suppl 2 (July 2006): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007890-200607152-02458.

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29

Oppliger, A., M. S. Giorgi, A. Conelli, M. Nembrini, and H. B. John-Alder. "Effect of testosterone on immunocompetence, parasite load, and metabolism in the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, no. 11 (November 1, 2004): 1713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z04-152.

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Testosterone can benefit individual fitness by increasing ornament colour, aggressiveness, and sperm quality, but it can also impose both metabolic and immunological costs. However, evidence that testosterone causes immuno suppression in freely living populations is scant. We studied the effects of testosterone on one component of the immune system (i.e., the cell-mediated response to phytohaemagglutinin), parasite load, and metabolic rate in the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis (Laurenti, 1768). For analyses of immunocompetence and parasitism, male lizards were implanted at the end of the breeding season with either empty or testosterone implants and were returned to their site of capture for 5–6 weeks before recapture. For analyses of the effects of testosterone on metabolic rate, male lizards were captured and implanted before hibernation and were held in the laboratory for 1 week prior to calorimetry. Experimental treatment with testosterone decreased the cell-mediated response to the T-cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin and increased mean metabolic rate. No effects of testosterone on the number of ectoparasites, hemoparasites, and resting metabolic rate could be detected. These results are discussed in the framework of the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis and the immuno-redistribution process hypothesis.

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30

Leal, M., and E. González de Mejía. "Revisión: Implicaciones toxicológicas y nutricionales de la toxina T-2 / Review: Toxicological and nutritional implications of T-2 toxin." Food Science and Technology International 3, no. 4 (August 1997): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108201329700300402.

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Trichothecenes are mycotoxins produced by species of the genus Fusarium. These toxins are associated with health problems in humans and animals. The most common trichothecenes in cereals are deoxynivalenol, HT-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol, nivalenol, neosolaniol and T-2 toxin; the latter is the most widely studied because it is easy to produce in the laboratory. The effects of T-2 toxicosis include dermatonecrosis, reduced body weight and efficiency of food utilization, severe diarrhoea, haemorrhage, necrosis of the upper alimentary tract, anaemia, immuno suppression ; and in birds, poor feathering. This paper reviews the latest information about the occurrence, chemical characteristics, toxicity, metabolic alterations, biotransformation and detoxifi cation methods of the T-2 toxin.

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31

Shimizu, Kawamura, Miyaji, Oya, Bannai, Yamamoto, Weerasinghe, et al. "Resistance of Extrathymic T Cells to Stress and the Role of Endogenous Glucocorticoids in Stress Associated Immuno Suppression." Scandinavian Journal of Immunology 51, no. 3 (March 2000): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2000.00695.x.

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32

&NA;. "CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANT WITH PREDNISONE (P)-FREE MAINTENANCE IMMUNO-SUPPRESSION: A COMPARISON OF 3 PROTOCOLS." Transplantation 82, Suppl 2 (July 2006): 523–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007890-200607152-01352.

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BUELL, J. F., H. P. GREWAL, B. KRISTO, A. KOPELAN, S. KULKARNI, A. YOSHIDA, E. KIM, et al. "EARLY CORTICOSTEROID WITHDRAWAL WITH TACROLIMUS AND MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL (MMF) IMMUNO-SUPPRESSION IN RENAL TRANSPLANTATION: EIGHTEEN-MONTH FOLLOW-UP." Transplantation 67, no. 9 (May 1999): S545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007890-199905150-00037.

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Tatiya-aphiradee, Nitima, Waranya Chatuphonprasert, and Kanokwan Jarukamjorn. "Immune response and inflammatory pathway of ulcerative colitis." Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology 30, no. 1 (December 19, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0036.

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Abstract Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic relapsing inflammatory disease. Although the etiology of UC remains unclear, it could be characterized by inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, starting from the rectum and potentially involving the entire colon. The immune response and inflammatory pathway of UC have shown that tissue damage is driven by dynamic and complexes of cells and cytokines. Various types of cells, including antigen-presenting cells (dendritic cells and macrophages), T helper cells, regulatory T cells, and natural killer T cells, play a crucial role in UC pathogenesis by regulation, suppression, and maintenance of inflammation. Moreover, cytokine networks become an important part due to their signaling function, which is indispensable for cell communication. Pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-33] play significant roles in upregulation, while anti-inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor-β, IL-10, and IL-37) play significant roles in downregulation of disease progression. The pathogenesis of UC consists of immuno-inflammatory pathways related to the multiple components of the intestine, including the epithelial barrier, commensal microflora, antigen recognition, dysregulation of immunological responses, leukocyte recruitment, and genetic factors. The understanding of immuno-inflammatory pathways of UC might lead to the development of a specific therapy and/or a novel treatment that could be more efficient.

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Kiekens, R. C. M., T. Thepen, C. Guikers, C. A. F. M. Bruijnzeel-Koomen, H. van Weelden, and F. de Gruijl. "CD11b+, UV-induced skin macrophages that mediate local immune suppression, are not of the immuno-suppressive RFD1+/RFD7+ phenotype." Immunology Letters 56 (May 1997): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-2478(97)85982-2.

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Kiekens, R. "CD11b+, UV-induced skin macrophages that mediate local immune suppression, are not of the immuno-suppressive RFD1+/RFD7+ phenotype." Immunology Letters 56, no. 1-3 (May 1997): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-2478(97)87820-0.

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&NA;. "IMPROVED OUTCOME IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION BY THE COMBINED USE OF ORAL VALGANCICLOVIR PROPHYLAXIS AND TAC-MMF-BASED IMMUNO-SUPPRESSION." Transplantation 82, Suppl 2 (July 2006): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007890-200607152-01556.

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Vidal-Dupiol, Jeremie, Nolwenn M. Dheilly, Rodolfo Rondon, Christoph Grunau, Céline Cosseau, Kristina M. Smith, Michael Freitag, Mehdi Adjeroud, and Guillaume Mitta. "Thermal Stress Triggers Broad Pocillopora damicornis Transcriptomic Remodeling, while Vibrio coralliilyticus Infection Induces a More Targeted Immuno-Suppression Response." PLoS ONE 9, no. 9 (September 26, 2014): e107672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107672.

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Gaál, D., F. Hudecz, M. Szekerke, and L. Holczinger. "The influence of endotoxins and polypeptide immunomodulators on the immuno-suppression and toxic effect induced by chemo- and radiotherapy." European Journal of Cancer and Clinical Oncology 21, no. 11 (November 1985): 1384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-5379(85)90375-x.

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40

Kasahara, Takako, Yoshiko Sakurai, Michiko Amemiva, Yuxing Wu, and Katsuji Oguchi. "Pharmacological study of immuno suppression by central opioids : suppressive effects of electroacupuncture and morphine on cellular immune response in mice." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 61 (1993): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0618-8278(19)31752-9.

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Katayama, A., T. Kobayashi, K. Uchida, N. Goto, S. Matsuoka, T. Sato, T. Haba, et al. "Beneficial effect of antibody removal and enhanced immuno suppression in flow cytometry cross match-positive and ABO-incompatible renal transplantation." Transplantation Proceedings 34, no. 7 (November 2002): 2771–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03404-8.

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42

Gaál, D., and H. R. Hendriks. "593 Effect of OM-163, a new biological response modifier on the immuno-suppression caused by cytostatics and ionizing radiation." European Journal of Cancer 31 (November 1995): S126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-8049(95)95847-y.

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Baritaki, Stavroula, Alina Katsman, Sara Huerta-Yepez, Kam C. Yeung, James Berenson, and Benjamin Bonavida. "Nitric Oxide Sensitizes B-NHL Cells to TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis through Induction of RKIP, Inhibition of YY1 and Upregulation of DR5." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 4604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.4604.4604.

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Abstract A better knowledge of the mechanisms of survival and escape from apoptosis of B-cell lymphoma cells has led to the proposal of new drugs that selectively interfere at the different steps of these cascades. Among the novel agents that have recently emerged for the sensitization of several resistant tumor cells to chemo- or immuno-mediated cell death are agents that induce nitric oxide (NO) (Bonavida B et al., Drug Resistance Update, 2006). The molecular mechanisms which are implicated in the NO-induced sensitization of tumor cells to apoptosis are not clearly elucidated. Recent findings in our laboratory have reported that treatment of various cancer cell lines with the NO donor, DETA/NONOate, sensitizes tumor cells to FasL- and TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Sensitization is mediated through inhibition of NF-κB and YY1 activities and upregulation of death receptors. The objective of the present study was to examine whether DETA/NONOate is also able to sensitize B-NHL cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis and to identify additional molecular targets which could be involved in the NO-mediated chemo- and immuno-sensitization of tumor cells. Contrary to YY1, RKIP (Raf kinase inhibitor protein) has been shown to play a pivotal role in suppression of mitogenesis through inhibition of Raf/MEK/ERK and NF-κB survival signaling pathways (Yeung et al., Molecular Cellular Biology; 21:7207, 2001). Since both NO and RKIP inhibit NF-κB, we hypothesized that NO may induce RKIP expression and may participate in NO-mediated effects. The TRAIL-resistant B-NHL cell line, Ramos, was treated with DETA/NONOate and examined for changes in YY1 and RKIP protein and m-RNA levels, as well as for sensitization to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. The findings demonstrate that treatment of Ramos cells with DETA/NONOate results in slight induction of RKIP m-RNA levels followed by significantly elevated RKIP protein expression. In contrast, both YY1 transcript and protein levels were found remarkably reduced after DETA/NONOate treatment. Since YY1 has been recently shown to negatively regulate DR5 transcription, NO-induced suppression of YY1 was able to sensitize Ramos cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis through significant DR5 upregulation, as assessed by flow cytometry. However, DR4 surface protein expression remained unchanged. Noteworthy, the rituximab resistant Ramos clone (RR1) was not sensitized by NO, while no changes were observed in both DR4 and DR5 levels, suggesting different regulation of cell sensitivity to TRAIL. The above findings support the role of NO as an immuno-sensitizing agent via inhibition of YY1 and suggest, for the first time, the pivotal role of RKIP as one potential NO target for apoptosis induction in tumor cells. Further experimental studies will clarify the interlink between RKIP and YY1 involved in NO-based B-cell lymphoma sensitization to apoptosis and validation with patient derived tissues.

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Murray, M., H. Hirumi, and S. K. Moloo. "Suppression of Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax and T. brucei infection rates in tsetse flies maintained on goats immunized with uncoated forms of trypanosomes grown in vitro." Parasitology 91, no. 1 (August 1985): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000056511.

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Significant suppression in the incidence of cyclical development of Trypanosonia congolense, T. vivax and T. brucei occurred in Glossina morsitans centralis maintained on goats immunized with in vitro-propagated uncoated forms of T. congolense, T. vivax and T. brucei, respectively. This was observed when tsetse given a T. congolense-infected feed were subsequently maintained on uninfected immunized goats and also when uninfected tsetse were fed on immunized goats infected with T. congolense, T. vivax and T. brucei. Suppression of infection rates in tsetse was trypanosome species specific, but was independent of the trypanosome stock used for immunization of goats. These findings were reflected in antibody responses to uncoated trypanosomes, as measured by immunofluorescence and the solid-phase immuno radiometric binding assay. Thus, antibody from goats immunized with uncoated trypano somes of one species exhibited minimal reactivity with uncoated forms of other species of trypanosomes, but showed high levels of activity with uncoated forms of the same or unrelated stocks of the same species. However, in view of the range of hosts upon which tsetse feed, it is open to question whether the use of a vaccine which suppresses trypanosome infection rates in tsetse would have any significant effect in the field.

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Maharajan P., Dhileeban, T. Jeetenkumar Singh, S. Bhagyabati Devi, H. Rebachandra Singh, Dipul Rudra Paul, and Janani L. "Profile of patients undergoing third line anti-retroviral therapy." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 7, no. 9 (August 25, 2020): 1394. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20203605.

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Background: India has the third largest human HIV epidemic in the world. The advent of antiretroviral drug began a revolution in the management of HIV. Recent studies have shown that an increasing number of patients experiencing virologic failure on second line Antiretroviral therapy and require third line ART.Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal for a period of two years, to study the clinical, immunological, and virological profile of patients undergoing third line Antiretroviral therapy and to study the early immuno-virological response to third line Antiretroviral therapy.Results: Mean CD4 count before third line ART initiation was 95.90±111.85 cells/μl with 60% of them had CD4 count <100 cells/μl. The mean CD4 count improved significantly (p<0.005) to 246.70±123.78 cells/μl after six months and 340.70±198.57 cells/μl after one year of the therapy. At the time of initiation of third line ART, none of the patients had viral load <150copies/ml while 60% of the population had viral load >100000 copies/ml. After one year of third line ART, 80 % of the patients showed viral suppression (VL<150copies/ml). At the end of one year, the improvement in CD4 count comparing to the Viral load was significant in those who showed viral suppression (VL<150 copies/ml).Conclusions: This study showed significant improvement in the CD4 count and viral suppression with third line medication without any major clinical adverse effect.

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Thompson, Ravyn, Cara Coleman, and Nathan G. Dolloff. "2028 Discovery and evaluation of FOXP3 dimerization inhibitors." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 2, S1 (June 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2018.65.

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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Immuno-oncology (IO) strategies are promising new approaches for the treatment of a variety of malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which suppress effector T cell function, are a limitation to durable IO responses. The transcription factor FOXP3 is critical for the mature Treg phenotype. FOXP3 homodimerization is required for DNA binding and transcriptional activity, and mutations mapping to the dimerization region are associated with IPEX syndrome, resulting in dysfunctional Tregs in humans. We therefore hypothesize that inhibitors of FOXP3 dimerization will repress Treg suppression and enhance the anti-MM activity of IO. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: To discover FOXP3 dimerization inhibitors, we are modeling FOXP3 homodimerization in vitro. Currently, we are optimizing an ALPHA screen and an ELISA-based dimerization assay using recombinant full length and truncated versions of FOXP3 to discover peptidomimetics that inhibit homodimerization. Induced Tregs expanded from human PBMCs will be treated with lead biologics and functional assays will be performed. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Here we demonstrate Treg suppression of T cell proliferation and IFN-γ secretion after 5 days of co-culture under basal conditions. Additionally, we developed a MM/T cell co-culture system to measure anti-MM T cell responses and show decreased anti-MM T cell activity in the presence of Tregs. We expect to exploit the assays outlined here to demonstrate defective Treg suppression when FOXP3 dimerization is inhibited. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: These studies support drug discovery efforts that will ultimately improve IO therapies for patients with MM.

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P, Sushma, Bindu Jacob, and Narendhirakannan R.T. "Evaluation Of Antioxidant And Cytotoxicity Properties Of Amygdalin Extracted From Prunus Dulcis." Kongunadu Research Journal 6, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj295.

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Free-radical reactions have been implicated in the pathology of many human diseases like atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, aging process, inflammation, diabetes, immuno-suppression,neurodegenerative disease etc. Radicals and other reactive oxygen species are formed constantly in the human body and are removed by the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence. The disturbance in ‘redox homeostasis’ that occurs when antioxidant defences are inadequate can damage lipids, proteins,carbohydrates and DNA. Drugs with multiple protective mechanisms, including antioxidant activity, may be one way of minimizing tissue injury. Phytochemicals with antioxidant property are naturally present in food are of great interest due to their beneficial effects on human health as they offer protection against oxidative deterioration. Amygdalin, also known as vitamin B17 is a cyanogenic glycoside found in several sources mainly in apples, pears, apricots, plums, peaches. Several reports claim amygdalin to be good chemopreventive agent, however these claims are not often backed by proper scientific evidence. Thus the present study is aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of amygdalin isolated from Prunus dulcis by studying its in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic properties.Free-radical reactions have been implicated in the pathology of many human diseases like atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, aging process, inflammation, diabetes, immuno-suppression,neurodegenerative disease etc. Radicals and other reactive oxygen species are formed constantly in the human body and are removed by the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence. The disturbance in ‘redox homeostasis’ that occurs when antioxidant defences are inadequate can damage lipids, proteins,carbohydrates and DNA. Drugs with multiple protective mechanisms, including antioxidant activity, may be one way of minimizing tissue injury. Phytochemicals with antioxidant property are naturally present in food are of great interest due to their beneficial effects on human health as they offer protection against oxidative deterioration. Amygdalin, also known as vitamin B17 is a cyanogenic glycoside found in several sources mainly in apples, pears, apricots, plums, peaches. Several reports claim amygdalin to be good chemopreventive agent, however these claims are not often backed by proper scientific evidence. Thus the present study is aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of amygdalin isolated from Prunus dulcis by studying its in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic properties.

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Oașă, Irina Doinița, Bogdan Popescu, Cristian Balalau, Razvan V. Scaunasu, Felicia Manole, Maria Domuta, and Alina Lavinia Antoaneta Oancea. "Management of Ludwig’s angina. When is surgery necessary?" Journal of Clinical and Investigative Surgery 5, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25083/2559.5555/5.2/73.75.

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Deep neck space infections are of great risk for patients considering even death in certain cases. Collection of purulent secretions that can accumulate in a particular region of the neck is due to the anatomy of the deep neck fascia, muscles of the neck and compartments for blood vessels and organs in the neck region. Deep neck spaces communicate with each other and in some patients with morbidities like diabetes or other form of immuno-suppression extension can be great. Ludwig's angina is a form of abscess of the floor of the mouth with origin in teeth located on the mandible. Like any other abscess medical and surgical therapy are ways of treatment, but incision and drainage are mandatory. However, surgical management of such a complication might include other type of surgery as tracheostomy, blood vessels ligation, resection of necrotic tissue or even reconstruction.

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Smith, K. B., and H. M. Fraser. "Control of progesterone and inhibin secretion during the luteal phase in the macaque." Journal of Endocrinology 128, no. 1 (January 1991): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1280107.

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ABSTRACT We investigated the temporal relationship between serum concentrations of progesterone and immuno-reactive inhibin after treatment with an LHRH antagonist ([N-Ac-d-Nal(2)1,d-pCl-Phe2,d-Trp3,d-hArg(Et2)6,d-Ala10]-LHRH), during the mid-luteal phase in the macaque. Further, in an attempt to obtain a model of transitory suppression of luteal function, the effect of treatment with the LHRH antagonist for 1, 2 or 3 days during the mid-luteal phase on serum concentrations of progesterone and immunoreactive inhibin was compared. Differences in the pattern of decline of the two hormones were observed. Progesterone concentrations fell by 6 h after antagonist administration while inhibin was not significantly suppressed until 48 h. Treatment with three injections of LHRH antagonist caused a sustained suppression of luteal function as shown by low serum concentrations of progesterone and inhibin. Recovery of progesterone and inhibin secretion was observed in two out of six macaques treated with two injections of antagonist and in three out of six treated with a single injection. Therefore, with the regimens of LHRH antagonist which we employed this approach was not conducive to obtaining a reliable transitory suppression of luteal function. To elucidate further the gonadotrophin control of inhibin, six macaques were treated with three injections of the LHRH antagonist to induce a permanent suppression of luteal function but received concomitantly either human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) or human FSH daily for 5 days (n = 3 per group). FSH failed to prevent the antagonist-induced fall in progesterone and inhibin while hCG treatment completely reversed the inhibitory effects of the LHRH antagonist. These results give further support to the concept that the secretion of inhibin, like progesterone, is integrated with the LH control of the corpus luteum. The slower decline in inhibin after LHRH antagonist suggests that the gonadotrophic stimulus to the corpus luteum results in a more prolonged stimulus for inhibin than for progesterone secretion, or that inhibin has a longer metabolic clearance rate. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 128, 107–113

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Touiheme, Nabil, Koutar Cherrabi, Mounir Hmidi, Ismail Nakkabi, Hicham Attifi, Hamza Belatik, Karim Nadour, and Ali Elboukhari. "A case of retropharyngeal tuberculosis: the simple management of a serious case." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 9 (August 25, 2020): 1718. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20203580.

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The challenge in management of chronic retro-pharyngeal abscess lies in its proximity to vascular and neurological structures, the access to the abscess should be possible after evaluation of neurological stability and integrity of vascular structures. Tuberculous chronic retro-pharyngeal abscess is an unusual situation. And due to its scarcity, it is not considered in differential diagnosis which delays its management: this could lead to permanent neurological deficit and higher rates of mortality. This the case of a young 29-year-old male, already undergoing anti-tuberculosis treatment for 2 months for a tuberculous lymphatitis, and no history of immuno-suppression, presenting with a large retropharyngeal abscess, with no neurological symptoms or any other specific symptoms. The management of this disease can be simple provided the diagnosis is not delayed, the patient had no complications, and the follow up is performed by a team: otolaryngologist, a neurosurgeon and a phthisiology specialist.<p> </p>

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