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Academic literature on the topic 'Immunization of children'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Immunization of children"

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Soon, Ing Shian, Jennifer CC deBruy, and Iwona Wrobel. "Immunization History of Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 27, no. 4 (2013): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/539524.

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BACKGROUND: Protection against vaccine-preventable diseases is important in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to frequent immunosuppressive therapy use. The chronic relapsing nature and treatment regimen of IBD may necessitate modified timing of immunizations.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the completeness of immunizations in children with IBD.METHODS: Immunization records of all children with IBD followed at the Alberta Children’s Hospital (Calgary, Alberta) were reviewed. For children with incomplete immunization according to the province of Alberta schedule, the reasons for such were clarified. Demographic data and age at diagnosis were also collected.RESULTS: Immunization records were obtained from 145 (79%) children with IBD. Fifteen children had incomplete routine childhood immunizations, including two with no previous immunizations. The most common incomplete immunizations included hepatitis B (n=9), diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis at 14 to 16 years of age (n=7), and diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated polio at four to six years of age (n=6). The reasons for incomplete immunization included use of immunosuppressive therapy at time of scheduled immunization; IBD-related symptoms at time of scheduled immunization; parental refusal; recent move from elsewhere with different immunization schedule; unawareness of routine immunization; and needle phobia.CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of children with IBD had complete childhood immunizations, suboptimal immunizations were present in 10%. With increasing use of immunosuppressive therapy in IBD, physicians caring for children with IBD must periodically evaluate immunization status and ensure the completeness of childhood immunizations.

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Astuti, Astuti, and La Ode Abdul Rahman. "Peran Aplikasi Seluler terhadap Peningkatan Informasi Imunisasi Anak Bagi Orang Tua: Studi Literatur." JKEP 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32668/jkep.v5i2.300.

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Immunization is important for children because it can prevent various infectious diseases thatcan inhibit a child's growth and development. The provision of immunization in children isoften found various obstacles caused by the target of immunization cannot be achieved. Thiscan be caused due to a lack of information and immunization schedule errors due to the manytypes of immunizations with different schedules. As technology develops, various health-relatedcellular applications emerge called mhealth. Mhealth related to immunization is expected toincrease information for parents so they can provide immunizations for their children asrecommended. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of mobile applications relatedto immunization in increasing immunization information for parents. Literature is collected forreview, literature search uses several online databases that are included in the inclusioncriteria and is limited to 2015-2020. Nine articles are used as the main analysis, other articlesare added to support the discussion. Cellular applications related to immunization areavailable in various forms. Overall, these applications have a major role in providinginformation about immunization knowledge and immunization schedule information to increaseparental participation to provide immunizations to their children in full. Therefore, healthworkers, especially those directly related to child immunization, are advised to encourage theuse of mobile applications related to immunization against parents in order to achieve goalsrelated to immunization in children.

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Stefanus Gardino Setyo D, Yohanes Firmansyah, and Murni L Naibaho. "Gambaran Capaian Imunisasi Dasar dan Lanjutan Sebelum, Selama dan Saat Transisi Pandemi COVID-19 di Wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Cempaka Putih." JURNAL RISET RUMPUN ILMU KESEHATAN 2, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jurrikes.v2i1.817.

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Immunization is an action that provides immunity to individuals so that when exposed to a disease they will only experience mild illness or no pain. Immunizations are carried out mainly in children. Immunizations carried out on children are basic immunization and advanced immunization. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, immunization cannot run properly. This study aims to find out about the achievements of basic and follow-up immunizations between before, during, and the transition period of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Cempaka Putih sub-district. Research Methods: This research is an observational descriptive study in the work area of the Cempaka Putih District Health Center. The research sample in this study was a history of basic and follow-up immunizations from children living in the working area of the Cempaka Putih District Health Center. The results showed that the achievement of basic immunization and children under two in 2019 (before the COVID-19 pandemic) reached the target, then in 2020 (pandemic COVID-19) the achievement of basic immunization and children under two did not meet the target. In 2021 (COVID-19 pandemic) the achievement of basic and under-five immunizations reached the target, then in 2022 (COVID-19 transition period) the achievement of basic and under-five immunizations was achieved.

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Darsani, Ni Wayan, Ni Made Dwi Purnamayanti, and I. Gusti Ayu Tirtawati. "Peningkatan Pengetahuan Orang Tua Meningkatkan Cakupan Imunisasi DPT-HB-HiB dan MR Lanjutan pada Anak." Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan (The Journal Of Midwifery) 11, no. 2 (October 31, 2023): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33992/jik.v11i2.2997.

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DPT-HB-HiB and MR immunizations are given in the basic immunization program. Re-immunization (advance immunization) is given to children aged 18 months. The purpose of advance immunization is to maintain the level of immunity and extend the child's protection period. Parental knowledge is assumed to be related to the completeness of advanced immunization in children. This study aims to determine the relationship between parental knowledge and completeness of advanced DPT-HB-HiB-MR immunization in children aged 2 years. This research is an analytic survey research with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted in Puskesmas III Dinas Kesehatan Kecamatan Denpasar Utara in 2022. This study involved 92 parents and children aged 24-36 months. Data on parental knowledge was obtained by filling out a questionnaire. Completeness of follow-up immunizations for children is obtained from the child's immunization records. Statistical test using Chi-square. The results of this study showed that 44.6% of parents had good knowledge and 55.4% of parents had poor knowledge about advanced immunization in children. The results of this study also found 68.5% of children with complete advanced immunization status and 31.5% of incomplete advanced immunization status. There is a significant relationship between parental knowledge and the completeness of advanced immunization in children under 2 years of age at Puskesmas III Dinas Kesehatan Kecamatan Denpasar Utara (p value=0,041). Increasing parental knowledge about advanced immunization has an impact on increasing the coverage of advanced immunization in children under 2 years of age.

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Robison, Steve G., Samantha K. Kurosky, Collette M. Young, Charles A. Gallia, and Susan A. Arbor. "Immunization Milestones: A More Comprehensive Picture of Age-Appropriate Vaccination." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2010 (2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/916525.

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A challenge facing immunization registries is developing measures of childhood immunization coverage that contain more information for setting policy than present vaccine series up-to-date (UTD) rates. This study combined milestone analysis with provider encounter data to determine when children either do not receive indicated immunizations during medical encounters or fail to visit providers. Milestone analysis measures immunization status at key times between birth and age 2, when recommended immunizations first become late. The immunization status of a large population of children in the Oregon ALERT immunization registry and in the Oregon Health Plan was tracked across milestone ages. Findings indicate that the majority of children went back and forth with regard to having complete age-appropriate immunizations over time. We also found that immunization UTD rates when used alone are biased towards relating non-UTD status to a lack of visits to providers, instead of to provider visits on which recommended immunizations are not given.

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Lissinna, Brittany, Chelsea Gilbert, Calla Isaac, Qaasim Mian, and Karen Forbes. "41 Evaluating Immunization Status and Barriers to Immunization for Patients Admitted to the Stollery Children's Hospital." Paediatrics & Child Health 28, Supplement_1 (September 1, 2023): e18-e18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxad055.041.

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Abstract Introduction/Background Routine immunization is an effective public health intervention. Despite this, immunization coverage in Alberta remains below national targets. While vaccine hesitancy is a frequently cited barrier, underimmunization is likely multifactorial. Previous research has shown that hospitalization presents an opportunity to “catch-up” children who are underimmunized. Unfortunately, this is not readily available at the Stollery Children’s Hospital (SCH), a paediatric tertiary care facility serving a large catchment area. Objectives The primary objective of this study was to assess the immunization status of children admitted to paediatric clinical teaching units (CTUs) at SCH. Our secondary objective was to assess potential barriers caregivers face while attempting to immunize their children. Design/Methods Between July 2021 and October 2022, we prospectively gathered the immunization status of children aged 2 months to 18 years admitted to paediatric clinical teaching units (CTUs) at SCH. Two hundred and fifty children and their caregivers were enrolled in the research study. Demographic data and immunization records were documented, and immunization status of each participant was classified as up-to-date or not-up-to-date based on the Alberta Routine Childhood Immunization Schedule. Caregivers completed a standardized survey, Searching for Hardships and Obstacles to Shots (SHOTS), to assess potential barriers they face while attempting to immunize their children, including three subscales (access to shots, concerns about shots and importance of shots). Results Of the 250 children enrolled, immunization data was available for 240 children. Of these, 142 (59%) were up-to-date on their immunizations. Assessment of demographic data revealed no difference in immunization status between urban and rural addresses. When evaluating barriers that families face when approaching immunization, concerns about immunization were most commonly cited as barriers for all patients. However, caregivers whose children were not up-to-date on immunizations scored higher on all subscales compared to those whose children were up-to-date. Conclusion The immunization status of children admitted to paediatric CTUs at SCH falls far below national targets. Due to logistical issues, it is challenging to access routine immunizations during hospitalization. Caregivers of children who are underimmunized also identify a higher rate of barriers to immunization. These underimmunized patients represent a missed opportunity, and improving access to routine immunization while in hospital could improve the overall immunization rates for both hospitalized children and the broader community.

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Ardhianingtyas, Nisa. "HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG IMUNISASI DENGAN KELENGKAPAN IMUNISASI DASAR ANAK DI BPM BIDAN SUTARTI, AMD., KEB KOTA MADIUN." Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan (Scientific Journal of Midwifery) 5, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33023/jikeb.v5i2.270.

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Background; Immunization is an effort to provide immunity to infants and children to prevent certain diseases. Based on a preliminary study at BPM Ny. Sutarti, Amd., Keb of 10 mothers who immunized their babies base, in getting (60%) mothers properly immunized their babies and (40%) did not properly immunize their babies. Knowledge of mothers about immunization will affect the implementation of immunization. If the mother's knowledge about giving good immunization is expected to provide immunization to children on schedule. Research purposes; To find out the relationship between the level of knowledge of mothers about immunization and the completeness of basic childhood immunizations. Research methods; Observational analytics with a Cross Sectional time approach to mothers who fully immunize their children, namely 22 people for 2 months. To find out the relationship between the level of knowledge of mothers about immunization and the completeness of basic immunizations of children used the chi square formula. Research result; 14 respondents (63.6%) had high knowledge, 5 respondents (22.7%) were moderate knowledge and 3 respondents were knowledgeable low (13.6%), while respondents gave complete immunizations of 19 respondents (86.4%) and those who did not give a complete immunization of 3 respondent (13.6%). Data analysis using s-quare chi with p value = 0.410, obtained results of Xcount <Xtabel so that Ho is accepted. Conclusion; Research shows that there is no relationship between the level of knowledge of mothers about immunization and the completeness of basic childhood immunizations.

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Samgryce Siagian, Hartika. "PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PEMBERIAN PARACETAMOL PASCA IMUNISASI DASAR DI UNIT BALAI KESEHATAN IBU DAN ANAK (BKIA) RUMAH SAKIT UMUM IMELDA PEKERJA INDONESIA MEDAN." JIFI (Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Imelda) 6, no. 2 (March 31, 2023): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.52943/jifarmasi.v6i2.1279.

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Immunizations must be given to children from birth so that their bodies are protected from dangerous diseases. Complete basic immunizations that have fever side effects are DPT and measles immunizations, while BCG, polio and hepatitis B immunizations cause pain around the injection and redness. Antipyretics are used to treat high fever and seizures due to fever after immunization. This study aims to determine the level of experince of mothers about giving paracetamol after basic immunization to children at the mother and child health clinic (MCH) RSU Imelda Pekerja Indonesia Medan. The sample used in this study was 30 people. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with a time series approach. The results of this study indicate that the characteristics of the mother's greatest level of work are housewives (66.7%) and the highest level of education of mothers is high school (53.3%). The mother's level of experince about giving paracetamol after immunization showed that the mother had a good level of experince (70%). In addition, the type of immunization that was given the most to children was BCG immunization (40%), where the age of the most immunized children was 2 months (20%). In addition, each child who was given paracetamol after BCG immunization was 4 children (13.3%). The average age of mothers who bring their children immunized is 24-26 years old (16.7%).

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McConnochie, Kenneth M., and Klaus J. Roghmann. "Immunization Opportunities Missed Among Urban Poor Children." Pediatrics 89, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): 1019–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.89.6.1019.

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Low immunization rates among US preschool children suggest a need for improved immunization practices. Immunization and encounter records were reviewed to ascertain immunization rates and missed opportunities for vaccine administration among 515 preschool children who were active patients at a hospital-based primary care center serving lower socioeconomic status families in Rochester, NY. The point prevalence at a mean age of 4.4 years for lack of one or more recommended immunizations was 27%; 7% were missing measles-mumps-rubella, 18% were missing Haemophilus influenzae type b, 8% were missing two or more diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, and 4% were missing two or more oral poliovirus immunizations. A visit was counted as a missed opportunity if an immunization was due but not given. Over the period from birth through age 36 months, 422 (82%) of children missed at least one immunization opportunity. For these 422 children, there was a mean of 7.2 missed opportunities per child. Although 64% of missed opportunities occurred at an acute illness visit, 36% occurred at well-child, administrative, follow-up, or chronic illness visits. Review of 200 medical records randomly selected from all opportunities at acute illness visits found no contraindication in 63% (50% nonfebrile infectious disease, 13% minor noninfectious problems). Findings for random samples of 100 missed diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis opportunities for children aged 2 to 6 months and 100 missed measles-mumps-rubella opportunities for children 15 to 24 months were similar to findings for the sample of all acute illness visits. Emergency department visits, where immunization records were not readily available, accounted for 18% of missed opportunities. Thoughtful evaluation of immunization contraindications at acute illness visits, better availability of immunization data, and better use of immunization opportunities at nonacute illness and nonillness visits would reduce undervaccination substantially.

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Farida, Farida, Vitri Widyaningsih, and Bhisma Murti. "The Effect of Maternal Education and Antenatal Care on Basic Immunization Completeness in Children aged 12-23 Months in Asian and African: Meta-Analysis." Journal of Maternal and Child Health 5, no. 6 (2020): 614–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.06.02.

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Background: Immunization is a process that makes a person immune or immune to infectious diseases, usually by administering vaccines. A child is said to have received complete basic immunization if he has received one BCG immunization, three DPT-HB-Hib immunizations, four polio immunizations, and one measles immunization. This study aims to estimate the effect of maternal education and antenatal care on the provision of complete basic immunization for children aged 12-23 months in Asia and Africa by means of a meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: Meta-analyzes were performed by searching articles from the PubMed, SpringerLink, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords used are "immunization coverage" OR "vaccination coverage" OR "complete immunization" OR "complete vaccination" OR "full immunization" OR "full vaccination" AND children OR "child immunization" OR "child immunization coverage" AND "maternal education ”. The inclusion criteria in this study were full text articles, published in 2012-2020, using English, cross-sectional study design, the final results of the study using the adjusted odd ratio (aOR), and the study sample was children aged 12-23 months in Asia and Africa. Article analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: There were eleven articles analyzed in total. The results showed maternal education and antenatal care could improve the provision of complete basic immunization to children aged 12-23 months in Asia and Africa, maternal education (aOR= 1.52; 95% CI= 1.06 to 2.18; p= 0.020), I 2= 89% and care antenatal (aOR= 2.62; 95% CI= 1.84-3.72; p= 0.002), I 2= 69%. Conclusion: Maternal education and antenatal care influence the provision of complete basic immunization to children aged 12-23 months in Asia and Africa. Keywords: Maternal education, antenatal care, complete basic immunization, children 12-23 months Correspondence: Farida. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: faridariza9232@gmail.com. Mobile: 085654415292.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Immunization of children"

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Blank, Kristen L. "Exploring state childhood immunization practices /." View online, 2006. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/105/.

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Ramnon, Merlene. "Maternal Characteristics and Childhood Immunization Series Completion Rates Among Children 2-Years-Old." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3200.

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Delays in childhood immunization may have adverse health implications. In the United States, childhood immunization among children who are below 3 years of age continues to be below Healthy People 2020 targets for some vaccines such as DTaP, PCV, HIB, Hep A, Rotavirus, and Hep B birth dose. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between maternal characteristics and childhood immunization series completion rates among children 2 years of age. The social learning theory and self-efficacy theory provided the theoretical foundation for the study. Data from the Florida Department of Health Immunization Surveys were used. ANOVA and multinomial statistical tests were used to analyze the data. According to the study results, maternal factors such as age, marital status, and educational level were significant predictors of childhood immunization completion rates. The findings from the study could lead to positive social change initiatives through education and inclusion of mothers' concerns during interventions to increase immunization rates in children. Increase in immunization completion rates can reduce communicable disease in the population. Insights from this study could assist health care providers, parents, and care givers in their responsibilities relative to childhood immunization practices.

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Hassan, Sufi Ahammad Sirinan Kittisuksathit. "Evaluation of programme factor affecting childhood immunization in Bangladese /." Abstract, 2005. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2548/cd381/4738653.pdf.

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Amarsi, Yasmin Noorali 1950. "Factors associated with immunization status of two year old children." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278367.

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A descriptive study was conducted to investigate the relationship between socio-demographic factors and the immunization status of two year old children. Secondary data were collected from records of 105 two year old children enrolled in the Well Child Clinics of a county health department. Results revealed that 37.5% of the sample had achieved complete immunization status. No statistically significant relationship was found between trimester prenatal care began, maternal age, number of children living in the home, neonatal problems, ethnicity, source of care, referral to Walk-In Clinic, and current visits by a PHN, and the immunization status of two year old children. A statistically significant relationship was found between potential for AHCCCS and incomplete immunization status. The variables that demonstrated significant predictive ability were ethnicity, maternal age, referral to walk-in clinic, potential for AHCCCS and neonatal problems.

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Zúñiga, de Nuncio María Luisa. "A prospective randomized study to determine the effects of a prenatal immunization intervention on timeliness of infant immunization schedule initiation in two San Diego County community clinics /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9943947.

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Mohammed, Raji Tajudeen. "Assessment of factors associated with incomplete immunization among children aged 12-23 months in Ethiopia." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4989.

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Magister Public Health - MPH
Ethiopia has achieved its target for Millennium Development Goal 4 by recording 69 %reduction in its under-five mortality. The proportion of fully immunized children in Ethiopia has increased from 14 % in 2000 to 24 % in 2011. Though progress has been made, about 3 out of 4 children still remain incompletely immunized. The purpose of this study is to determine the socio-demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with incomplete immunization among children aged 12-23 months in Ethiopia. This study is based on secondary analysis of the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. Information on 1,889 mothers of children aged 12–23 months were extracted from the children dataset. Records from vaccination cards and mothers’ self-reported data were used to determine vaccine coverage. The association between child immunization status and determinants of non-utilization of immunization services was assessed using bivariate and multivariate analyses. The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of incompletely immunized children is 70.9%. Children of mothers from the poor (AOR = 2.27; 95 % CI: 1.34 – 3.82) wealth quintile were more likely to be incompletely immunized. Children of mothers from Affar (AOR = 15.80; 95 % CI: 7.12 – 35.03), Amhara (AOR = 4.27; 95 %CI: 2.31 – 7.88), Oromiya (AOR = 8.10; 95 % CI: 4.60 – 14.25), Somali (AOR = 4.91;95 % CI: 2.65 – 9.10), Benishangul-Gumuz (AOR = 4.20; 95% CI: 2.34 – 7.57),Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples’ (AOR = 4.76; 95 % CI: 2.53 – 8.94), Gambela (AOR = 7.75; 95 % CI: 3.68 – 16.30) and Harari (AOR = 3.22; 95 % CI: 1.77 –5.89) regions were more likely to be incompletely immunized. Mothers with inadequate exposure to media (AOR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.21 – 2.14), who are not aware of community conversation programme (AOR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.40 – 2.32) and who attended no antenatal care (AOR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.72 – 2.83) were more likely to have incompletely immunized children. Despite efforts to increase rates of childhood immunization, the proportion of children with incomplete immunization in Ethiopia is considerably high. Therefore, targeted interventions at the identified socio-demographic factors are needed to increase immunization rates.

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Meyer, Cathy J., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Understanding perspectives among young adults regarding immunization in the Chinook Health region of southern Alberta." Thesis, Lethbridge : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2002, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/136.

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This thesis was designed to explore and describe the beliefs and behaviours of young adults (parents or future parents) in relation to immunization. Data were collected via in-depth interviews with 36 young adults (current university students) that resulted in more than 600 pages of documnetation for detailed analysis. Nursing and non-nursing student informants were compared under the categories of young adults who delay or refuse immunizations due to alternative health practices, vaccine concerns or religion. What emerged from the study was that young adults displayed lack of knowledge and disinterest about the immune system, immunizations and communicable diseases. This display of apathy towards disease prevention could subsequently contribute to a decrease in the population's herd immunity in the next generation. A review of more than 300 published journal articles and books was completed and integrated into a mosaic of Canadian immunization practice. Policy recommendations based on these findings are presented.
x, 223 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.

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Patail, Shoaib Chotoo. "Implications of a national immunization registry an alliance to win the race for the future care and accuracy of pediatric immunization." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2600.

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This project examines the role of immunization registries and their effect on a health care delivery system. Recent efforts to attain coverage of child populations by recommended vaccines have included initiatives by federal and state agencies, as well as private foundations, to develop and implement statewide community-based childhood immunization registries.

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Chakraborty, Nitai. "Factors affecting the use of childhood immunization in a rural area of Bangladesh." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/141470.

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Vandenberg, Shannon Y. "Saying no to childhood immunization : perceptions of mothers and health care professionals in Southern Alberta." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Health Sciences, c2013, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3355.

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The purpose of this grounded theory study was two-fold; first, to explore how mothers develop an understanding of childhood immunization which contributes to the decision¬making process resulting in a decision not to participate in immunization. Second, the perceptions of childhood immunization of health care professionals were also examined. The understanding and decision-making process of eight mothers was compared with the perceptions of twelve health care professionals. A number of themes were constructed from the research and a grounded theory was developed which emphasizes the importance of collaboration between non-immunizing mothers and health care professionals to promote positive health outcomes in children. The findings will assist health care professionals in understanding the factors contributing to the immunization decision-making process, which will subsequently support in delivering immunization programs. Recommendations to promote support and respect for parents' decision not to immunize their children, and assist in educating parents on immunization are also included.
xiii, 275 leaves ; 29 cm

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Books on the topic "Immunization of children"

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Vaccine Healthcare Centers Network (U.S.), ed. Immunization tool kit: Adult, military and childhood immunizations. 5th ed. [Washington, D.C.]: Vaccine Healthcare Centers Network, 2007.

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Office, General Accounting. Childhood immunization. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1993.

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Office, General Accounting. Childhood immunization. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1993.

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North Dakota. Division of Disease Control. Immunization Program., ed. School immunization law procedural manual: State immunization requirements for children. Bismarck, ND: North Dakota State Dept. of Health, Division of Disease Control, Immunization Program, 1985.

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Kenya Expanded Programme on Immunization., Kenya. Central Bureau of Statistics., World Health Organization, and UNICEF Kenya Country Office, eds. Immunization coverage survey. Nairobi: Ministry of Health, the Programme, 1994.

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Sharma, Suresh. Immunization coverage in India. Delhi: Institute of Economic Growth, 2007.

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Sommerfelt, A. Elisabeth. Childhood immunization, 1990-1994. Calverton, Md., USA: Macro International, 1997.

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Virginia. State Board of Health. Regulations for the immunization of school children. Richmond, Va: Virginia Dept. of Health, Bureau of Immunization, 1995.

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California. Dept. of Health Services. Immunization Branch., ed. California immunization handbook: A guide to implementing the school and child care entry immunization requirements of the California School Immunization Law. 5th ed. Berkeley, Calif. (2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, 94704): Immunization Branch, 1996.

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Minnesota. Acute Disease Prevention Services Section. and Minnesota. Dept. of Health. Commissioner's Task Force on Immunization Practices., eds. Immunization law study: A report and recommendations on immunization policy in Minnesota. [Minneapolis, Minn.]: Minnesota Dept. of Health, Acute Disease Prevention Services Section, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Immunization of children"

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Panda, Basant Kumar, and Gulshan Kumar. "Immunization Coverage Among Indian Children." In Demographic Transformation and Socio-Economic Development, 157–63. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47847-5_15.

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Charbit, Yves, and Mustapha Omrane. "Postnatal Care and Immunization of Children." In Gender Inequalities and Vulnerability of sub-Saharan Adolescents, 171–79. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38096-9_13.

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Kowalska-Duplaga, K., M. Baranowska-Nowak, M. Nescioruk, M. Banasiuk, K. Karolewska-Bochenek, I. Łazowska-Przeorek, A. Radzikowski, and A. Banaszkiewicz. "Immunization Coverage in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 83–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/5584_2018_163.

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Imperato, Pascal James. "Immunization of children infected with human immunodeficiency virus—supplementary ACIP statement." In Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, 152. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0807-2_47.

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Gürlevik, Sibel Laçinel, Ateş Kara, and Emin Sami Arısoy. "Immunization for Prevention of Ear, Nose, and Throat Infections in Children." In Pediatric ENT Infections, 101–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80691-0_8.

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Bogusławska-Jaworska, J., E. Gorczyńska, H. Seyfried, A. Gładysz, and M. Zalewska. "Passive and Active Anti-Hepatitis B Immunization of Children with Hematological Malignancies." In Acute Leukemias, 530–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71213-5_93.

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Sharma, Ankita, and Monika Mathur. "Use of Technology for Monitoring the Immunization Status of Children Aged Five Years." In Data-Centric AI Solutions and Emerging Technologies in the Healthcare Ecosystem, 331–48. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003356189-20.

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Harun, Hanifah Musa Fathullah, Zulaipa Ruzulan, Abd Shukor Mohd Ali, Siti Khurshiah Mansor, Rafeah Saidon, and Munirah Azra’e. "Halal Immunization Concept Through Vaccination for Infants and Children Based on Maqasid Shariah Framework." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Halal Conference (INHAC 2016), 107–15. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7257-4_10.

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Kuchar, Ernest, Aneta Nitsch-Osuch, Katarzyna Zycinska, Katarzyna Miskiewicz, Leszek Szenborn, and Kazimierz Wardyn. "Influenza Immunization Rates in Children and Teenagers in Polish Cities: Conclusions from the 2009/2010 Season." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 243–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4546-9_31.

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Sadler, Karen. "Immunizations." In The MassGeneral Hospital for Children Adolescent Medicine Handbook, 131–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45778-9_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Immunization of children"

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Widyaningsih, Vitri, and Bhisma Murti. "Antenatal Care and Provision of Basic Immunization in Children Aged 12-23 Months: Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.125.

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ABSTRACT Background: Among the leading causes of global child morbidity and mortality are vaccine-preventable diseases, especially in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). A complete basic immunization for children contains one BCG, three DPT-HB-Hib immunizations, four polio immunizations, and one measles immunizations. Antenatal care visit contributes an important to complete the basic immunization. This study aimed to estimate the effect of antenatal care on the completeness of basic immunization in children aged 12-23 months in Africa using meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: A meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted to examine the effect of antenatal care on the basic immunization completeness in children aged 12-23 months. Published articles in 2015-2020 were collected from PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Keywords used “immunization coverage” OR “vaccination coverage” OR “complete immunization” OR “complete vaccination” OR “full immunization” OR “full vaccination” AND children OR “child immunization” OR “child immunization coverage” NOT “incomplete immunization” OR “incomplete vaccination”. The inclusion criteria were full text, in English language, and using cross-sectional study design. The selected articles were analyzed by Revman 5.3. Results:6 studies from Senegal, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and South Africa showed that antenatal care increased basic immunization completeness in children aged 12-23 months (aOR=1.19; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.36; p<0.001) with I2 = 95%). Conclusion: Antenatal care increases basic immunization completeness in children aged 12-23 months. Keywords: basic immunization, antenatal care, children aged 12-23 months Correspondence: Farida. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutarmi 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: faridariza9232@gmail.com. Mobile: 085654415292 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.125

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Haposan, Goklian Paraduan, and Pujiyanto Pujiyanto. "Implementation of Immunization Services for the Under-Five Children during Covid-19 Pandemic at Twano Community Health Center, Jayapura." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.16.

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Background: Immunization service is essential in reducing infant mortality rate. However, due to physical distancing and social distancing, the Covid-19 pandemic may have reduced the utilization of immunization service. This study aimed to determine the implementation of immunization services for the under-five children during Covid-19 pandemic at Twano community health center, Jayapura. Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study conducted at the Twano Entrop Community Health Center, Jayapura City, Papua, from August to September 2020. A sample of informants including immunization personnel and head of community health center. The data were collected by in-depth interview, questionnaire, and document review. Result: The immunization coverage was 43% at Twano community health center, which was far below the national target of 80%. The factors affecting immunization coverage included: (1) worries of infection; (2) parental ignorance; (3) no invitation from the health workers. Conclusion: The factors affecting immunization coverage included are worries of infection, parental ignorance, and no invitation from the health workers. Keyword: immunization, the under-five children, Covid-19 pandemic. Correspondence: Goklian Paraduan Haposan. Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia. Pondok Cina, Beji district, Depok city, West Java 12345. Email: goklianofm@gmail.com. Mobile: 081344237365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.16

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Ulfah, Maharani, Supriyadi Hari Respati, and Bhisma Murti. "Determinants of Immunization Completeness of Infant in Karanganyar, District, Central Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.115.

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ABSTRACT Background: Indonesia launched the Expanded Program for Immunization (EPI) in 1977. However, immunization coverage remains far below the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) target of 80%. The purpose of this study was to investigate determinants of immunization completeness of infant in Karanganyar, District, Central Java. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out at 21 community health centers in Karanganyar, Central Java, from January to March 2020. A sample of 200 mothers who had children adged 12-23 months was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was immunization completeness. The independent variables were intention, attitude, subjective norm, perceived barrier, perceived benefit education, and knowledge. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis run on Stata 13. Results: Infant immunization completeness was directly increased by high perceived benefit (b= 2.98; 95% CI= 1.50 to 4.47; p<0.001), positive attitude (b= 3.12; 95% CI= 1.58 to 4.66; p<0.001), strong intention (b= 3.55; 95% CI= 1.98 to 5.12; p<0.001), and supportive subjective norm (b= 2.95; 95% CI= 1.48 to 4.42; p<0.001). Infant immunization completeness was directly decreased by high perceived barrier (b= -2.01; 95% CI= -3.20 to -0.81; p= 0.001). It was indirectly affected by education and knowledge. Conclusion: Infant immunization completeness is directly increased by high perceived benefit, positive attitude, strong intention, and supportive subjective norm. Infant immunization completeness is directly decreased by high perceived barrier. It is indirectly affected by education and knowledge. Keywords: immunization, completeness, health belied model, path analysis Correspondence: Maharani Ulfah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: maharaniulfahh@gmail.com. Mobile: +628213558003557. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.115

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Putri, Iyana, and Adang Bachtiar. "The Correlation between Social Determinants and Environmental Condition with Measles Cases among Infants in Padang, West Sumatera." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.12.

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Background: Indonesia is targeting to eliminate measles by 2020. In 2018 there were still 191 cases of measles in the city of Padang. This study aimed to determine the risk factors most associated with the incidence of measles among children under five in Padang City in 2018. Subjects and Method: A case-control study was conducted in Padang City, West Sumatera. The total of 74 children under five were enrolled in this study consisting of 37 with measles and 37 without measles. The study subjects were selected using sampling technique for cases and purposive sampling with matching age and sex for controls. The dependent variable was measles incidence. The independent variable was exclusive breastfeeding, measles immunization status, and vitamin A intake. The data were collected using medical records and questionnaire. The data were analyzed using d logistic regression. Results: The logistic regression showed that the most influential variable with the incidence of measles among children under five was measles immunization status with (OR= 6.33; 95% CI= 1.87 to 21.39; p= 0.003). Conclusion: Children under five who are not immunized against measles have the highest risk of measles incidence among children under five in Padang City. Keywords: measles, immunization, children under five Correspondence: Iyana Putri. Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java. Email: iyanaputri71@gmail.com. Mobile: 085264332552 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.12

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Rosadi, Wahyuni, Endang Sutisna Sulaeman, and Hanung Prasetya. "Determinants of Measles Rubella Immunization Uptake among Children Under-Five in Pekanbaru, Indonesia." In The 6th International Conference on Public Health 2019. Masters Program in Public Health, Graduate School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the6thicph.03.22.

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Amitai, Nofar, Patrick Stafler, Huda Mussaffi, Meir Mei Zahav, Hannah Blau, and Dario Prais. "Long term effect of palivizumab immunization on children born before 29 weeks gestation." In ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa2081.

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Maritsi, Despoina, Irene Eleftheriou, Katerina Markante, Olga Vougiouka, and Maria Tsolia. "FRI0563 A NATIONAL SURVEY ACROSS GENERAL PAEDIATRICIANS REGARDING IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES IN CHILDREN WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASES." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.2297.

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Linda, Ony, and Nurul Huriah Astuti. "Association of Birth Weight, Immunization, and Parity with Nutritional Status of Children Under Five Years." In International Conference on Social Determinants of Health. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008371000240027.

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Harahap, Juliandi, Lita Sri Andayani, and Rina Amelia. "Timeliness and Coverage of Basic Immunization among Children 12-48 Months in Puskesmas Amplas Medan City." In International Conference of Science, Technology, Engineering, Environmental and Ramification Researches. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010080406100615.

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"Study of parents' perceptions and opinions on COVID-19 vaccination for their children in Jordan: A cross-sectional." In International Conference on Public Health and Humanitarian Action. International Federation of Medical Students' Associations - Jordan, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56950/ylbj6137.

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Background: Developing a potent and secure vaccination for all populations, including children, is an effective method to reduce COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality while also ensuring higher levels of population immunity. Since the COVID-19 epidemic began, numerous vaccinations have been developed. It is required to examine parents' attitudes on COVID-19 immunization for children in order to design an intervention to aid COVID-19 vaccination for children in Jordan. These strategies will eliminate disinformation, promote acceptance of the COVID-19 immunization, and increase the number of children who receive it. Some parents may be wary or skeptical of vaccines in general, and especially of COVID-19. Objective: to investigate the number of individuals who accept the COVID-19 vaccine for their kids and research the factors that led to their attitudes. Method: The design of this study was cross-sectional. The participants were Jordanian . The poll was made accessible on many social media platforms as well as other networks, including public forums, academic blogs, and private groups. Results: Three hundred twenty-eight people answered the questionnaire in which their ages ranged from 21 till 70. A comparison between parents’ characteristics regarding their willingness to vaccinate their children with a COVID-19 vaccine had been done in which graduated parents (69.6%), and who doesn’t work in health sector (67.1%) were more likely to refuse providing their children with COVID-19 vaccine. The following are the most common excuses given by respondents who were not interested in receiving the vaccine: it is inappropriate to acquire a vaccine that requires numerous doses (87.2%), they avoid getting most vaccinations (85.3%), and they are worried about it (83.3%). On the other hand, the most significant factor (90.1%) for individuals who were interested in getting the vaccine was that they were in the recommended category to have it (such as health care practitioners, persons over fifty, and pregnant women). A multinomial regression model was used to evaluate the prediction of parents’ acceptance to vaccinate their children with a COVID-19 vaccine. Parents who are confident about the country health procedures toward covid pandemic was a positive predicator to vaccinate their children. (OR= 1.830; p<0.05; 95 % CI: 1.037-3.230). Conclusion: Parents have diverse views about the frequency and risks of coronavirus illness transmission and medical consequences, as well as the efficacy and side effects of a vaccine. Based on reported parental behavior and positive attitudes, these findings could be used to construct public health surveillance programs and primary prevention programs. Keywords: Parents, Attitude, Vaccination, COVID-19, children; parents’ willingness; Jordan

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Reports on the topic "Immunization of children"

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Gidengil, Courtney, Matthew Bidwell Goetz, Margaret Maglione, Sydne J. Newberry, Peggy Chen, Kelsey O’Hollaren, Nabeel Qureshi, et al. Safety of Vaccines Used for Routine Immunization in the United States: An Update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer244.

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Objective. To conduct a systematic review of the literature on the safety of vaccines recommended for routine immunization in the United States, updating the 2014 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) report on the topic. Data sources. We searched MEDLINE®, Embase®, CINAHL®, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Scopus through November 9, 2020, building on the prior 2014 report; reviewed existing reviews, trial registries, and supplemental material submitted to AHRQ; and consulted with experts. Review methods. This report addressed three Key Questions (KQs) on the safety of vaccines currently in use in the United States and included in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) recommended immunization schedules for adults (KQ1), children and adolescents (KQ2), and pregnant women (KQ3). The systematic review was supported by a Technical Expert Panel that identified key adverse events of particular concern. Two reviewers independently screened publications; data were extracted by an experienced subject matter expert. Studies of vaccines that used a comparator and reported the presence or absence of adverse events were eligible. We documented observed rates and assessed the relative risks for key adverse events. We assessed the strength of evidence (SoE) across the existing findings from the prior 2014 report and the new evidence from this update. The systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020180089). Results. A large body of evidence is available to evaluate adverse events following vaccination. Of 56,608 reviewed citations, 189 studies met inclusion criteria for this update, adding to data in the prior 2014 report, for a total of 338 included studies reported in 518 publications. Regarding vaccines recommended for adults (KQ1), we found either no new evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE or insufficient evidence in this update, including for newer vaccines such as recombinant influenza vaccine, adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine, and recombinant adjuvanted zoster vaccine. The prior 2014 report noted a signal for anaphylaxis for hepatitis B vaccines in adults with yeast allergy and for tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccines. Regarding vaccines recommended for children and adolescents (KQ2), we found either no new evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE or insufficient evidence, including for newer vaccines such as 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine and meningococcal B vaccine. The prior 2014 report noted signals for rare adverse events—such as anaphylaxis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and febrile seizures—with some childhood vaccines. Regarding vaccines recommended for pregnant women (KQ3), we found no evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE among either pregnant women or their infants following administration of tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccines during pregnancy. Conclusion. Across this large body of research, we found no new evidence of increased risk since the prior 2014 report for key adverse events following administration of vaccines that are routinely recommended. Signals from the prior report remain unchanged for rare adverse events, which include anaphylaxis in adults and children, and febrile seizures and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. There is no evidence of increased risk of adverse events for vaccines currently recommended in pregnant women. There remains insufficient evidence to draw conclusions about some rare potential adverse events.

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Corbacho, Ana, Steve Brito, and Rene Osorio Rivas. Does Birth Underregistration Reduce Childhood Immunization?: Evidence from the Dominican Republic. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011512.

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Birth registration is not only a fundamental human right, but also a requirement for obtaining additional documents, proving legal identity, and accessing a number of government benefits. Yet, little is known about the effects of birth under-registration on access to health care. Using data from the Dominican Republic, this paper is the first to shed light on the causal impact of the lack of birth registration on childhood immunization, one of the key components of public services in many developing countries. Controlling for potential endogeneity and standard socioeconomic determinants of immunization, this paper finds that children between 0 and 59 months of age that do not have birth certificates are behind by nearly one vaccine (out of a total of nine) compared to those that have birth certificates. The results are robust to several robustness tests and threats to the exclusion restriction of the instrumental variables. Birth under-registration specifically reduces the probability of vaccination against polio, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus--once leading causes of child morbidity and infant mortality. In addition, untimely vaccination costs governments billions per year in treatment and rehabilitation.

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Busso, Matías, Julian P. Cristia, and Sarah D. Humpage. Research Insights: Can Reminders Boost Vaccination Rates? Inter-American Development Bank, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0001935.

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While families in rural Guatemala recognize the value of vaccination and mostly vaccinate their children at early ages, they often fail to follow through with the course of treatment, drastically reducing the probability of immunization. To encourage members of underserved communities to complete the vaccination cycle, community health workers were given monthly lists of children due for vaccination at the clinic, enabling them to send timely reminders to families. Reminders increased the likelihood that children completed their vaccination treatment by 2.2 percentage points in the treatment communities. For children in treatment communities who were due to receive a vaccine, and whose parents were expected to be reminded of the due date, the probability of vaccination completion increased by 4.6 percentage points.

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Evans, William N., Kim Beomsoo, and Julian P. Cristia. Does Contracting-Out Primary Care Services Work?: The Case of Rural Guatemala. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011344.

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This paper estimates the impact of a large-scale contracting-out program in Guatemala, using two waves of living standard measurement surveys which collected data before and after the expansion of the program and exploiting variation in the timing of the program to estimate treatment effects. Results indicate large program impacts on immunization rates for children and prenatal care provider choices. The program increases substantially the role of physician and nurses as prenatal care providers at the expense of traditional midwives. There is no evidence of effects in family planning outcomes. Taken together these results suggest a potential effective role of contracting-out in the provision of health care.

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Joyce, Ted, and Andrew Racine. Chip Shots: Association Between the State Children's Health Insurance Programs and Immunization Coverage and Delivery. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9831.

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Caulfield, Laura E., Wendy L. Bennett, Susan M. Gross, Kristen M. Hurley, S. Michelle Ogunwole, Maya Venkataramani, Jennifer L. Lerman, Allen Zhang, Ritu Sharma, and Eric B. Bass. Maternal and Child Outcomes Associated With the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer253.

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Objectives. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) aims to safeguard the health of low-income, nutritionally at-risk pregnant and postpartum women and children less than 5 years old. This systematic review evaluates whether participation in WIC is associated with nutrition and health outcomes for women, infants, and children, and whether the associations vary by duration of participation or across subgroups. Because of major revisions to the WIC food package in 2009, we prioritized studies published since 2009 and included studies comparing outcomes before and after the 2009 food package change. Data sources. Using electronic publication databases, we conducted a literature search from January 2009 to September 2021 and a targeted search for selected outcomes from January 2000 to September 2021. Review methods. Paired team members independently screened search results, serially abstracted data, assessed risk of bias, and graded strength of evidence (SOE) using standard methods for observational studies. Results. We included 82 quantitative observational studies and 16 qualitative studies, with 49 studies comparing outcomes of WIC participants with WIC-eligible non-participants. WIC prenatal participation was associated with lower risk of three outcomes: preterm delivery (moderate SOE), low birth weight (moderate SOE), and infant mortality (moderate SOE). Prenatal WIC participation was associated with better maternal diet quality (low SOE), lower risk of inadequate gestational weight gain (low SOE), lower alcohol use in pregnancy (low SOE), and no difference in smoking (low SOE). Maternal WIC participation was associated with increased child preventive care and immunizations (each low SOE), and higher cognitive scores for children (low SOE). Child WIC participation was associated with better diet quality (moderate SOE), and greater intakes of 100 percent fruit juice, whole grain cereals, and age-appropriate milk (moderate SOE). Household WIC participation was associated with greater purchasing of healthy food groups (moderate SOE). Maternal WIC participation was not associated with breastfeeding initiation (moderate SOE). The evidence was insufficient for other outcomes related to maternal health and child growth. The evidence generally was insufficient on how WIC participation affects outcomes across subgroups. Conclusions. Maternal WIC participation was associated with improved birth outcomes, lower infant mortality, and better child cognitive development. WIC participation was associated with purchasing healthier foods and with improved diets for pregnant women and children. More research is needed on maternal health outcomes; food security; child growth, development, and academic achievement; and effectiveness of WIC in all segments of the eligible population.

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District level baseline survey of family planning program in Uttar Pradesh: Sitapur. Population Council, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1995.1015.

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The Government of India and the United States Agency for International Development began the Innovations in Family Planning Services Projects (IFPS) in Uttar Pradesh under the management of the State Innovations in Family Planning Services Agency (SIFPSA). IFPS’s objectives are to increase access to family planning (FP) services, improve the quality of health care services, and promote contraceptive use. While achieving these goals, the IFPS project will support service innovations in the public and nongovernmental sectors, and contraceptive social marketing mechanisms. Baseline information being sought includes desired family size and sex preference among mothers, utilization of health services and immunization of mothers and children, maternal and child health care and delivery practices, contraceptive information and services and satisfaction with health providers, contraceptive use and unmet need, and media exposure and the role of the media in promoting small-family norm. The Operations Research Group, at the request of SIFPSA, has carried out the present baseline survey in the district of Sitapur. The baseline information will be used as the reference for the measurement of improvements in contraceptive use.

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District level baseline survey of family planning program in Uttar Pradesh: Shahjahanpur. Population Council, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1995.1014.

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The Government of India and the United States Agency for International Development began the Innovations in Family Planning Services Projects (IFPS) in Uttar Pradesh under the management of the State Innovations in Family Planning Services Agency (SIFPSA). IFPS’s objectives are to increase access to family planning (FP) services, improve the quality of health care services, and promote contraceptive use. While achieving these goals, the IFPS project will support service innovations in the public and nongovernmental sectors, and contraceptive social marketing mechanisms. Baseline information being sought includes desired family size and sex preference among mothers, utilization of health services and immunization of mothers and children, maternal and child health care and delivery practices, contraceptive information and services and satisfaction with health providers, contraceptive use and unmet need, and media exposure and the role of the media in promoting small-family norm. The Operations Research Group, at the request of SIFPSA, has carried out the present baseline survey in the district of Shahjahanpur. The information will be used as the reference for the measurement of improvements in contraceptive use.

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