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Journal articles on the topic 'Immune reponse/fetal effects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Dhir, Varun. "Mesenchymal Stem Cells: The New Immunosuppressants?" Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research 46, no. 2 (2012): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1015.

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ABSTRACT Mesenchymal stem cells are adult stem cells which can differentiate into cells of mesodermal lineage. osteoblasts, chondroblasts and adipocytes. They have an important property of immunosuppression which is mediated mainly through soluble mediators, like interleukin-1, transforming growth factor-β, nitric oxide, indoleamine 2,3 dioxegenase, etc. They have been shown to suppress both naive and antigen experienced T cells, lead to T cell arrest, and suppress Th1 and Th17 responses. They have also been shown to lead to development of tolerogenic dendritic cells, Th2 response and expansio

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2

Zhang, Xingqi, Joanna H. Sliwowska, and Joanne Weinberg. "Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Fetal Programming: Effects on Neuroendocrine and Immune Function." Experimental Biology and Medicine 230, no. 6 (2005): 376–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15353702-0323006-05.

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Alcohol abuse is known to result in clinical abnormalities of endocrine function and neuroendocrine regulation. However, most studies have been conducted on males. Only recently have studies begun to investigate the influence of alcohol on endocrine function in females and, more specifically, endocrine function during pregnancy. Alcohol-induced endocrine imbalances may contribute to the etiology of fetal alcohol syndrome. Alcohol crosses the placenta and can directly affect developing fetal cells and tissues. Alcohol-induced changes in maternal endocrine function can disrupt maternal-fetal hor

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3

Saito, Mika, Earl Silverman, Fraser Golding, et al. "Effects of Transplacental Dexamethasone Therapy on Fetal Immune-Mediated Complete Heart Block." Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 48, no. 3 (2021): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000513202.

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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Antibody-mediated complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) is considered irreversible. We sought to examine the effects of transplacental steroids on fetal AV conduction. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Fifty-nine fetuses diagnosed with CAVB at our center from 1996 to 2018 were reviewed. Routine dexamethasone administration to birth was used to limit cardiac inflammatory damage. Restoration of fetal AV conduction was classified as “unexpected” treatment response. <b><i>Results:</i></b> CAVB resolved in 5/2

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4

Ghanmi, Z., M. Rouabhia, O. Othmane, and P. A. Deschaux. "5.3 Effects of metal ions on cyprinid fish immune response: in vitro effects of Zn2+ and Mn2+ on the mitogenic reponse of carp pronephros lymphocytes." Developmental & Comparative Immunology 13, no. 4 (1989): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0145-305x(89)90115-8.

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5

Childs, Caroline E., Tessa Romijn, Uta Enke, Samuel Hoile, and Philip C. Calder. "Maternal diet during pregnancy has tissue-specific effects upon fetal fatty acid composition and alters fetal immune parameters." Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) 83, no. 4-6 (2010): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2010.08.007.

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6

Arneth, Borros. "Neonatal Immune Incompatibilities between Newborn and Mother." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 5 (2020): 1470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051470.

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Background: Incompatibilities between the mother and unborn baby can cause complications that must be identified early to initiate the appropriate treatment. For example, neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT), neonatal alloimmune neutropenia (NAIN), and morbus hemolyticus neonatorum affect children worldwide. Aim: This literature review aims to depict the similarities and differences between these three disorders from a clinical and mechanistic point of view. Material and Methods: The current literature review entailed conducting a systematic search to locate articles on the three condit

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7

Garbett, K. A., E. Y. Hsiao, S. Kálmán, P. H. Patterson, and K. Mirnics. "Effects of maternal immune activation on gene expression patterns in the fetal brain." Translational Psychiatry 2, no. 4 (2012): e98-e98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2012.24.

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8

Ehninger, Dan. "Tsc2Haploinsufficiency Has Limited Effects on Fetal Brain Cytokine Levels during Gestational Immune Activation." Autism Research and Treatment 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/761279.

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Dysregulated TSC/mTOR signaling may play a pathogenetic role in forms of syndromic autism, such as autism associated with tuberous sclerosis, a genetic disorder caused by heterozygousTSC1orTSC2mutations. Environmental risk factors, such as gestational viral infections, may, in some cases, also contribute to the pathogenesis of autism and related neuropsychiatric disorders. We have recently found that a heterozygousTsc2mutation and the poly I:C model of maternal immune activation (MIA) interactively perturb fetal development and adult social behavior in mice, suggesting that these factors conve

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9

McLaurin, J., JP Antel та VW Yong. "Immune and non-immune actions of interferon-β-1b on primary human neural cells". Multiple Sclerosis Journal 1, № 1 (1995): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135245859500100103.

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Systemic interferon-β-1b (IFN-β-1b) reduces the frequency of clinical exacerbations and the number of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-defined lesions in patients with relapsing—remitting MS. The basis for this clinical effect is not understood. While IFN-β-1b has been demonstrated to have antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effects on the sytemic immune system, its actions on neural cells could also contribute to its therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we hove examined possible immune and non-immune effects of IFN-β-1b on CNS-derived primary human cells. With respect to immune-related eff

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10

Knapek, Katie J., Hanah M. Georges, Hana Van Campen, et al. "Fetal Lymphoid Organ Immune Responses to Transient and Persistent Infection with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus." Viruses 12, no. 8 (2020): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12080816.

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Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) fetal infections occur in two forms; persistent infection (PI) or transient infection (TI), depending on what stage of gestation the fetus is infected. Examination of lymphoid organs from both PI and TI fetuses reveals drastically different fetal responses, dependent upon the developmental stage of the fetal immune system. Total RNA was extracted from the thymuses and spleens of uninfected control, PI, and TI fetuses collected on day 190 of gestation to test the hypothesis that BVDV infection impairs the innate and adaptive immune response in the fetal thymus

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11

Yockey, Laura J., Carolina Lucas, and Akiko Iwasaki. "Contributions of maternal and fetal antiviral immunity in congenital disease." Science 368, no. 6491 (2020): 608–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz1960.

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Viral infections during pregnancy can have devastating consequences on pregnancy outcomes, fetal development, and maternal health. In this review, we examine fetal and maternal immune defense mechanisms that mediate resistance against viral infections and discuss the range of syndromes that ensue when such mechanisms fail, from fetal developmental defects to establishment of chronic infection. Further, we highlight the role of maternal immune activation, or uncontrolled inflammation triggered by viral infections during pregnancy, and its potential downstream pathological effects, including tis

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12

Boyle, R. J., L.-J. Mah, A. Chen, S. Kivivuori, R. M. Robins-Browne, and M. L.-K. Tang. "Effects ofLactobacillusGG treatment during pregnancy on the development of fetal antigen-specific immune responses." Clinical & Experimental Allergy 38, no. 12 (2008): 1882–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.03100.x.

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13

Holladay, S. D., L. Sharova, B. J. Smith, R. M. Gogal, D. L. Ward, and B. L. Blaylock. "Nonspecific stimulation of the maternal immune system. I. Effects on teratogen-induced fetal malformations." Teratology 62, no. 6 (2000): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1096-9926(200012)62:6<413::aid-tera8>3.0.co;2-b.

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14

Fisher, R. E., M. Steele, and N. A. Karrow. "Fetal Programming of the Neuroendocrine-Immune System and Metabolic Disease." Journal of Pregnancy 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/792934.

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Adverse uterine environments experienced during fetal development can alter the projected growth pattern of various organs and systems of the body, leaving the offspring at an increased risk of metabolic disease. The thrifty phenotype hypothesis has been demonstrated as an alteration to the growth trajectory to improve the survival and reproductive fitness of the individual. However, when the intrauterine environment does not match the extrauterine environment problems can arise. With the increase in metabolic diseases in both Westernized and developing countries, it is becoming apparent that

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15

Chen, Jingfei, Jialei Duan, Alina Montalbano, Boxun Li, Gary Hon, and Carole R. Mendelson. "Single-Cell RNA-Seq of Mouse Decidual Leukocytes Reveals Intriguing Gestational Changes in the Immune Cell Landscape and Effects of SRC-1/-2 Double-Deficiency." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A753—A754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1532.

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Abstract Single-cell RNA-seq of Mouse Decidual Leukocytes Reveals Intriguing Gestational Changes in the Immune Cell Landscape and Effects of SRC-1/-2 Double-DeficiencyOur previous findings suggest that the fetus signals the mother when it is ready to be born through secretion of surfactant components/immune modulators, surfactant protein A (SP-A) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) by the fetal lung into amniotic fluid (AF). This occurs with increased proinflammatory cytokine expression by fetal AF macrophages (Mϕ), increased myometrial NF-κB activation and contractile (CAP) gene expression.

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16

Tamblyn, J. A., M. Hewison, C. L. Wagner, J. N. Bulmer, and M. D. Kilby. "Immunological role of vitamin D at the maternal–fetal interface." Journal of Endocrinology 224, no. 3 (2015): R107—R121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-14-0642.

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During pregnancy, immune activity is tightly regulated so that antimicrobial protection of the mother and fetus is balanced with the need for immune tolerance to prevent fetal rejection. In this setting, the maternal–fetal interface, in the form of the uterine decidua, provides a heterogeneous immune cell population with the potential to mediate diverse activities throughout pregnancy. Recent studies have suggested that vitamin D may be a key regulator of immune function during pregnancy, with the fetal–maternal interface representing a prominent target. Among its non-classical actions are pot

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17

Garbett, Krassimira A., Elaine Y. Hsiao, Sara Kálmán, Paul H. Patterson, and Károly Mirnics. "Poster #10 EFFECTS OF MATERNAL IMMUNE ACTIVATION ON GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS IN THE FETAL BRAIN." Schizophrenia Research 136 (April 2012): S188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-9964(12)70582-0.

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18

Chaiwangyen, Wittaya, José M. Murrieta-Coxca, Rodolfo R. Favaro, et al. "MiR-519d-3p in Trophoblastic Cells: Effects, Targets and Transfer to Allogeneic Immune Cells via Extracellular Vesicles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 10 (2020): 3458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103458.

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Members of the placenta-specific miRNA cluster C19MC, including miR-519d, are secreted by fetal trophoblast cells within extracellular vesicles (EVs). Trophoblast-derived EVs can be internalized by the autologous trophoblast and surrounding maternal immune cells, resulting in coordination of cellular responses. The study of functions and targets of placental miRNAs in the donor and recipient cells may contribute to the understanding of the immune tolerance essential in pregnancy. Here, we report that miR-519d-3p levels correlate positively with cell proliferation and negatively with migration

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19

Prescott, Susan L. "Allergic disease: understanding how in utero events set the scene." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 69, no. 3 (2010): 366–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665110001874.

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Events and exposures in pregnancy can have critical effects on fetal development with lasting implications for subsequent health and disease susceptibility. There is growing interest in how modern environmental changes influence fetal immune development and contribute to the recent epidemic of allergy and other immune disorders. Rising rates of allergic disease in early infancy, together with pre-symptomatic differences in immune function at birth, suggest that antenatal events play a predisposing role in the development of disease. A number of environmental exposures in pregnancy can modify n

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20

Bulgaru, Cristina Valeria, Daniela Eliza Marin, Gina Cecilia Pistol, and Ionelia Taranu. "Zearalenone and the Immune Response." Toxins 13, no. 4 (2021): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13040248.

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Zearalenone (ZEA) is an estrogenic fusariotoxin, being classified as a phytoestrogen, or as a mycoestrogen. ZEA and its metabolites are able to bind to estrogen receptors, 17β-estradiol specific receptors, leading to reproductive disorders which include low fertility, abnormal fetal development, reduced litter size and modification at the level of reproductive hormones especially in female pigs. ZEA has also significant effects on immune response with immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive results. This review presents the effects of ZEA and its derivatives on all levels of the immune response

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21

Yoshida, Seiichi, Hirohisa Takano, Masataka Nishikawa, He Miao, and Takamichi Ichinose. "Effects of Fetal Exposure to Urban Particulate Matter on the Immune System of Male Mouse Offspring." Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 35, no. 8 (2012): 1238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b110708.

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22

Kieffer, Tom EC, Peck Y. Chin, Ella S. Green, Lachlan M. Moldenhauer, Jelmer R. Prins, and Sarah A. Robertson. "Prednisolone in early pregnancy inhibits regulatory T cell generation and alters fetal and placental development in mice." Molecular Human Reproduction 26, no. 5 (2020): 340–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gaaa019.

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Abstract Corticosteroids have been utilised in the assisted reproduction setting with the expectation of suppressing aberrant immune activation and improving fertility in women. However, the effects of corticosteroids on fertility, and on pregnancy and offspring outcomes, are unclear. In this study, mice were administered prednisolone (1 mg/kg) or PBS daily in the pre-implantation phase, and effects on the adaptive immune response, the implantation rate, fetal development and postnatal outcomes were investigated. Prednisolone disrupted the expected expansion of CD4+ T cells in early pregnancy,

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23

Jeschke, Laura, Clarisa Guillermina Santamaria, Nicole Meyer, Ana Claudia Zenclussen, Julia Bartley, and Anne Schumacher. "Early-Pregnancy Dydrogesterone Supplementation Mimicking Luteal-Phase Support in ART Patients Did Not Provoke Major Reproductive Disorders in Pregnant Mice and Their Progeny." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 10 (2021): 5403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22105403.

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Progestogens are frequently administered during early pregnancy to patients undergoing assisted reproductive techniques (ART) to overcome progesterone deficits following ART procedures. Orally administered dydrogesterone (DG) shows equal efficacy to other progestogens with a higher level of patient compliance. However, potential harmful effects of DG on critical pregnancy processes and on the health of the progeny are not yet completely ruled out. We treated pregnant mice with DG in the mode, duration, and doses comparable to ART patients. Subsequently, we studied DG effects on embryo implanta

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Papait, Andrea, Elsa Vertua, Marta Magatti, et al. "Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Fetal and Maternal Placenta Possess Key Similarities and Differences: Potential Implications for Their Applications in Regenerative Medicine." Cells 9, no. 1 (2020): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9010127.

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Placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have attracted more attention for their immune modulatory properties and poor immunogenicity, which makes them suitable for allogeneic transplantation. Although MSC isolated from different areas of the placenta share several features, they also present significant biological differences, which might point to distinct clinical applications. Hence, we compared cells from full term placenta distinguishing them on the basis of their origin, either maternal or fetal. We used cells developed by Pluristem LTD: PLacenta expanded mesenchymal-like adheren

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Izvolskaia, Marina, Viktoria Sharova, and Liudmila Zakharova. "Prenatal Programming of Neuroendocrine System Development by Lipopolysaccharide: Long-Term Effects." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 11 (2018): 3695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113695.

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Various stress factors during critical periods of fetal development modulate the epigenetic mechanisms controlling specific genes, which can affect the structure and function of physiological systems. Maternal immune stress by bacterial infection simulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in an experiment is considered to be a powerful programming factor of fetal development. Studies of the molecular mechanisms controlling the formation and functioning of physiological systems are in the pilot stage. LPSs are the most potent natural inflammation factors. LPS-induced increases in fetal levels of pro

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Eltaweel, Nashwa, Samuel Lockley, Irshad Ahmed, and Bee K. Tan. "SARS-CoV-2: do corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation worsen maternal or fetal outcomes?" British Journal of Midwifery 29, no. 2 (2021): 90–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2021.29.2.90.

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Immune system changes during pregnancy could make pregnant women more susceptible to SARS-Cov-2 infection. The use of corticosteroids within obstetrics has been shown to reduce the risks of respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular haemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis and neonatal death in the baby associated with premature delivery. During the COVID-19 pandemic, corticosteroids have been trialled as a treatment to dampen the ‘cytokine storm’ and associated inflammatory processes. Corticosteroids have long been known to have immunosuppressive effects that could hinder the body's abilit

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Gershwin, Laurel J. "Effects of Air Pollutants on Development of Allergic Immune Responses in the Respiratory Tract." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 10, no. 2-4 (2003): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10446670310001626535.

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The increased incidence of allergic asthma in the human population worldwide has stimulated many explanatory theories. A concomitant decrease in air quality leads to epidemiological and laboratory-based studies to demonstrate a link between air pollutants and asthma. Specifically, ozone, environmental tobacco smoke, and diesel exhaust are associated with enhancement of respiratory allergy to inhaled allergens. This review summarizes the state of the knowledge, both human epidemiology and laboratory animal experiments, linking air pollution to allergy. Critical issues involve development of the

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Hové, Carmen, Benjamin C. Trumble, Amy S. Anderson, et al. "Immune function during pregnancy varies between ecologically distinct populations." Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health 2020, no. 1 (2020): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emph/eoaa022.

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Abstract Background and objectives Among placental mammals, females undergo immunological shifts during pregnancy to accommodate the fetus (i.e. fetal tolerance). Fetal tolerance has primarily been characterized within post-industrial populations experiencing evolutionarily novel conditions (e.g. reduced pathogen exposure), which may shape maternal response to fetal antigens. This study investigates how ecological conditions affect maternal immune status during pregnancy by comparing the direction and magnitude of immunological changes associated with each trimester among the Tsimane (a subsis

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29

West-Eberhard, Mary Jane. "Nutrition, the visceral immune system, and the evolutionary origins of pathogenic obesity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 3 (2018): 723–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1809046116.

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The global obesity epidemic is the subject of an immense, diversely specialized research effort. An evolutionary analysis reveals connections among disparate findings, starting with two well-documented facts: Obesity-associated illnesses (e.g., type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease), are especially common in: (i) adults with abdominal obesity, especially enlargement of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), a tissue with important immune functions; and (ii) individuals with poor fetal nutrition whose nutritional input increases later in life. I hypothesize that selection favored the evolution of

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Derevtsova, Anastasia, Andrey Kaviev, Sardorbek Makhkamov, Bakhtiyor Abdulazizov, and Alexandra Shevtsova. "Effect of pesticides on fetal development in the intrauterine and early postnatal periods." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125804008.

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The main objective of this study was to determine the level of toxic effects of pesticides on the development of immune and endocrine systems in offspring during intrauterine and early postnatal development. During the experiment, preparations containing the pesticide lambda-Cyhalothring (LCP) and fipronil were injected into white laboratory rats during pregnancy and lactation. The study was carried out using electron microscopy and morphological and biochemical studies. From the results of this study, it is concluded that the toxic effect of pesticide exposure during pregnancy and lactation i

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31

Vodopivec, Ivana. "The Neurology of Immune-Mediated Disorders in Women." Seminars in Neurology 37, no. 06 (2017): 705–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1607456.

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AbstractMany neuroinflammatory disorders have a predilection for women; even if there is no female predominance, neuroinflammatory conditions in women pose a management challenge for several reasons. Disease activity of these conditions may change during pregnancy and commonly increases in the postpartum period. Uncontrolled disease activity may affect pregnancy outcomes. Moreover, immunomodulating agents that are used to suppress the disease activity may have a negative impact on fertility, pregnancy, and fetal outcomes, and on infants who are breastfed. Adverse effects of immunosuppressants

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Armin, Sabiha, and Kenneth Nugent. "Effects of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy." Southwest Respiratory and Critical Care Chronicles 9, no. 39 (2021): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12746/swrccc.v9i39.851.

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Women develop important changes in their cardiovascular and respiratory systems during pregnancy. They also have important changes in their immune system which are necessary to tolerate foreign fetal tissue. These expected alterations can increase the likelihood of poor outcomes with certain respiratory infections, especially viral infection. There is extensive literature describing COVID-19 in pregnant women, and there is evidence that this virus can infect the placenta, raising implications for maternal-fetal transmission. Women who contract COVID-19 during pregnancy are at increased risk of

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Felsburg, P. J. "Overview of immune system development in the dog: comparison with humans." Human & Experimental Toxicology 21, no. 9-10 (2002): 487–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327102ht286oa.

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Dogs play an important role in toxicology because of their importance as a large animal, pre-clinical model for evaluating potential toxicity in human drug development including the effects of investigational drugs on the immune system. The purpose of this paper is to review the development of the canine immune system during the fetal, neonatal and postnatal periods and to compare it with that of the human immune system. Unlike rodents, the development of the canine immune system shares many similarities to that of the human. In both dogs and humans, the immune system, including the mucosal im

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Zacharasiewicz, Angela. "Maternal smoking in pregnancy and its influence on childhood asthma." ERJ Open Research 2, no. 3 (2016): 00042–2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00042-2016.

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Maternal smoking in pregnancy (MSP) is a large modifiable risk factor for pregnancy related mortality and morbidity and also the most important known modifiable risk factor for asthma.This review summarises the effects of MSP throughout infancy, childhood and adolescence with regards to asthma (development and severity). Firstly, the direct damage caused by nicotine on fetal lung development, fetal growth and neuronal differentiation is discussed, as well as the indirect effects of nicotine on placental functioning. Secondly, the effects of MSP on later immune functioning resulting in increase

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Meng, Di, Weishu Zhu, Kriston Ganguli, Hai Ning Shi, and W. Allan Walker. "Anti-inflammatory effects of Bifidobacterium longum subsp infantis secretions on fetal human enterocytes are mediated by TLR-4 receptors." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 311, no. 4 (2016): G744—G753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00090.2016.

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The therapeutic and preventive application of probiotics for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has been supported by more and more experimental and clinical evidence in which Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) exerts a significant role. In immune cells, probiotics not only regulate the expression of TLR-4 but also use the TLR-4 to modulate the immune response. Probiotics may also use the TLR-4 in immature enterocytes for anti-inflammation. Here we demonstrate that probiotic conditioned media (PCM) from Bifidobacterium longum supp infantis but not isolated organisms attenuates interleukin-6 (IL-6) indu

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Lingman, Goran, Magnus Stangenberg, Jesper Legarth, and Feryal Rahman. "Albumin Transfusion in Non-Immune Fetal Hydrops: Doppler Ultrasound Evaluation of the Acute Effects on Blood Circulation in the Fetal Aorta and the Umbilical Arteries." Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 4, no. 2-3 (1989): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000263433.

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Palmer, Christina G. S. "Evidence for Maternal-Fetal Genotype Incompatibility as a Risk Factor for Schizophrenia." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2010 (2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/576318.

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Prenatal/obstetric complications are implicated in schizophrenia susceptibility. Some complications may arise from maternal-fetal genotype incompatibility, a term used to describe maternal-fetal genotype combinations that produce an adverse prenatal environment. A review of maternal-fetal genotype incompatibility studies suggests that schizophrenia susceptibility is increased by maternal-fetal genotype combinations at theRHDandHLA-Bloci. Maternal-fetal genotype combinations at these loci are hypothesized to have an effect on the maternal immune system during pregnancy which can affect fetal ne

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MacKenzie, Tippi, Erin Jarvis, Amar Nijagal, Tom Le, Marta Wegorzewska, and Qizhi Tang. "The Maternal Immune Response to in Utero Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.64.64.

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Abstract Abstract 64 In utero hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (IUHSCTx) is a promising treatment strategy for many congenital hematopoietic disorders such as immunodeficiencies. However, clinical applications have been hampered by lack of engraftment, possibly secondary to a host immune response. This has been a conundrum in the field, since the fetus can also be tolerized to allogeneic cells in some circumstances. We hypothesized that it is the maternal immune response which limits engraftment of in utero transplanted cells. Methods: Fetal BALB/c mice at 14 days' gestation were transp

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Koehn, Liam M., Yifan Huang, Mark D. Habgood, et al. "Effects of paracetamol (acetaminophen) on gene expression and permeability properties of the rat placenta and fetal brain." F1000Research 9 (June 8, 2020): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24119.1.

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Background: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is widely used in pregnancy and generally regarded as “safe” by regulatory authorities. Methods: Clinically relevant doses of paracetamol were administered intraperitoneally to pregnant rats twice daily from embryonic day E15 to 19 (chronic) or as a single dose at E19 (acute). Control samples were from un-treated age-matched animals. At E19, rats were anaesthetised, administered a final paracetamol dose, uteruses were opened and fetuses exposed for sample collection. For RNA sequencing, placentas and fetal brains were removed and flash frozen. Fetal and

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Koehn, Liam M., Yifan Huang, Mark D. Habgood, et al. "Effects of paracetamol (acetaminophen) on gene expression and permeability properties of the rat placenta and fetal brain." F1000Research 9 (August 19, 2020): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24119.2.

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Background: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is widely used in pregnancy and generally regarded as “safe” by regulatory authorities. Methods: Clinically relevant doses of paracetamol were administered intraperitoneally to pregnant rats twice daily from embryonic day E15 to 19 (chronic) or as a single dose at E19 (acute). Control samples were from un-treated age-matched animals. At E19, rats were anaesthetised, administered a final paracetamol dose, uteruses were opened and fetuses exposed for sample collection. For RNA sequencing, placentas and fetal brains were removed and flash frozen. Fetal and

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Chase, Christopher C. L., Neelu Thakur, Mahmoud F. Darweesh, Susan E. Morarie-Kane, and Mrigendra K. Rajput. "Immune response to bovine viral diarrhea virus—looking at newly defined targets." Animal Health Research Reviews 16, no. 1 (2015): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466252315000110.

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AbstractBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has long been associated with a wide variety of clinical syndromes and immune dysregulation, many which result in secondary bacterial infections. Current understanding of immune cell interactions that result in activation and tolerance are explored in light of BVDV infection including: depletion of lymphocytes, effects on neutrophils, natural killer cells, and the role of receptors and cytokines. In addition, we review some new information on the effect of BVDV on immune development in the fetal liver, the role of resident macrophages, and greater imp

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Wooldridge, Amy L., Robert J. Bischof, Els N. Meeusen, et al. "Placental restriction of fetal growth reduces cutaneous responses to antigen after sensitization in sheep." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 306, no. 7 (2014): R441—R446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00432.2013.

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Prenatal and early childhood exposures are implicated as causes of allergy, but the effects of intrauterine growth restriction on immune function and allergy are poorly defined. We therefore evaluated effects of experimental restriction of fetal growth on immune function and allergic sensitization in adolescent sheep. Immune function (circulating total red and white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils, and the antibody response to Clostridial vaccination) and responses to house dust mite (HDM) allergen and ovalbumin (OVA) antigen sensitization (specific

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WHITEHEAD, N. E. "AN ANTIBOY ANTIBODY? RE-EXAMINATION OF THE MATERNAL IMMUNE HYPOTHESIS." Journal of Biosocial Science 39, no. 6 (2007): 905–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932007001903.

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SummaryThe maternal immune hypothesis (MIH) argues same sex attraction (SSA) results from maternal immune attack on fetal male-specific brain structures and involves the previous biological influence of elder brothers. One of the surveys supporting this is shown to be based on an unsuitable sample and to contain some strong contrary evidence. The hypothesis relies on at least four speculative ideas and there is evidence against each. (1) Likely immune response prevalence is too low compared with calculated SSA prevalence resulting from the fraternal birth order effect. (2) Testis immune attack

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Jawor, Paulina, John F. Mee, and Tadeusz Stefaniak. "Role of Infection and Immunity in Bovine Perinatal Mortality: Part 2. Fetomaternal Response to Infection and Novel Diagnostic Perspectives." Animals 11, no. 7 (2021): 2102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11072102.

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Bovine perinatal mortality due to infection may result either from the direct effects of intrauterine infection and/or the fetal response to such infection, leading to the fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS). Both intrauterine infection and FIRS, which causes multi-organ damage and involution of immune organs, compromise fetal survivability, sometimes fatally. Organ injury associated with FIRS may, in addition to causing fetal mortality, irreversibly compromise extrauterine adaptation of the neonate, a recognized problem in human fetuses. Diagnosis of intrauterine infection and of FIRS

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Bronson, Stefanie L., and Tracy L. Bale. "Prenatal Stress-Induced Increases in Placental Inflammation and Offspring Hyperactivity Are Male-Specific and Ameliorated by Maternal Antiinflammatory Treatment." Endocrinology 155, no. 7 (2014): 2635–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2014-1040.

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Adverse experiences during gestation such as maternal stress and infection are known risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia, autism, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The mechanisms by which these distinct exposures may confer similar psychiatric vulnerability remain unclear, although likely involve pathways common to both stress and immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface. We hypothesized that maternal stress-induced activation of immune pathways within the placenta, the sex-specific maternal-fetal intermediary, may contribute to prenatal s

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Yu, Yang, Hui Wang, Xianhua Meng, et al. "Immunomodulatory Effects of Cinobufagin on Murine Lymphocytes and Macrophages." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/835263.

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Cinobufagin (CBG), a major bioactive component of the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu, has been reported to have potent pharmacological activity. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of CBG on the activity of immune cells in mice. Peritoneal macrophages and splenocytes from mice were prepared and cultured in RPMI1640 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. Concanavalin (ConA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and CBG (0.0125, 0.05, 0.15, or 0.25 μg/mL) were added to the culture medium, and the phagocytic activity of macrophages was detected by MTT assays. Additionally, lymphocyte se

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Fröhlich, Carolin, Jens Ehrhardt, Diana Krüger, Dominika Trojnarska, Marek Zygmunt, and Damián Oscar Muzzio. "Pregnancy status alters IL-21-mediated effects on murine B lymphocytes." Reproduction 159, no. 3 (2020): 351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-19-0407.

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A favorable outcome of pregnancy depends greatly on an adequate balance of immune protection and fetal tolerance at the fetomaternal interface. IL-21 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine associated with altering immune responses in autoimmune diseases. IL-21 has pleiotropic functions, including induction of Th17 T cells, inhibition of Treg development, and modulation of antibody responses of B lymphocytes. Genetic polymorphisms of IL21 have been associated to poor pregnancy outcomes. However, the mechanism of IL-21 actions needs further evaluation. Here, we postulate that IL-21 affects splenic B cel

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Barton, James C., Mansoor N. Saleh, Charles M. Stedman, and Albert F. Lobuglio. "Case Report: Immune Thrombocytopenia: Effects of Maternal Gamma Globulin Infusion on Maternal and Fetal Serum, Platelet, and Monocyte IgG." American Journal of the Medical Sciences 293, no. 2 (1987): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000441-198702000-00008.

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Mao, Guanping, Junpeng Wang, Youmin Kang, et al. "Progesterone Increases Systemic and Local Uterine Proportions of CD4+CD25+ Treg Cells during Midterm Pregnancy in Mice." Endocrinology 151, no. 11 (2010): 5477–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2010-0426.

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Mechanisms maintaining the growth of a “semi-foreign” fetus within the maternal uterus via immune tolerance remain unclear. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells have been implicated in the maintenance of maternal-fetal immune tolerance. Additionally, 17β-estradiol (E2) is able to initiate immune suppression through CD4+CD25+ Treg cells during early pregnancy. Little is known, however, regarding the relationship between progesterone (P4) and immune tolerance during midterm pregnancy, an important period, characterized by higher levels of P4 but lower levels of E2 in the serum. Here, we examined

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Chavatte-Palmer, P., Y. Heyman, and I. Schwartz. "26 EFFECTS OF SOMATIC CLONING ON THE IMMUNE RESPONSE IN YOUNG AND ADULT CATTLE." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 18, no. 2 (2006): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv18n2ab26.

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Somatic cloning in cattle is associated with important gestational abnormalities, including implantation delay during the first 2 months of pregnancy and abnormal fetal and placental growth (known as large offspring syndrome, or LOS) in the third trimester. In our laboratory, between 3 and 25% of the cloned blastocysts transferred to recipient cows reach term, depending on genotype. About 20% of the newborns die rapidly due to various causes that appear to be direct consequences of the LOS. We previously reported on a thymic atrophy resulting from nuclear transfer (Renard et al. 1999 Lancet 35

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