Journal articles: 'Immigrants – Italy'

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De Rosa, Marcello, Luca Bartoli, Sandra Leonardi, and Maria Angela Perito. "The Contribution of Immigrants to Multifunctional Agricultural Systems in Italy." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (August 26, 2019): 4641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174641.

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This paper explores the role of immigrants within farms and is framed within constructivist approaches to the analysis of immigrants in rural areas. The aim of the paper is to analyse migrants’ contributions to building up multifunctional agricultural systems. To achieve this purpose, a sound empirical analysis is carried out, built on the profile of farms employing immigrants, with special reference to three indicators: the style of farming, territorial localisation of farming activity and the qualification held by the immigrant employed in the farm. The results of analysis confirm a diversified range of contribution on behalf of migrants, with strong diversification on the basis of workers’ provenance. The results of the study suggest that an adequate policy action targeted to the immigrants may bring about positive effects in terms of multifunctionality building at both the individual and territorial level.

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Rucci, P., A. Piazza, E. Perrone, I. Tarricone, R. Maisto, I. Donegani, V. Spigonardo, D. Berardi, M. P. Fantini, and A. Fioritti. "Disparities in mental health care provision to immigrants with severe mental illness in Italy." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 24, no. 4 (April 30, 2014): 342–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796014000250.

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Aim.To determine whether disparities exist in mental health care provision to immigrants and Italian citizens with severe mental illness in Bologna, Italy.Methods.Records of prevalent cases on 31/12/2010 with severe mental illness and ≥1 contact with Community Mental Health Centers in 2011 were extracted from the mental health information system. Logistic and Poisson regressions were carried out to estimate the probability of receiving rehabilitation, residential or inpatient care, the intensity of outpatient treatments and the duration of hospitalisations and residential care for immigrant patients compared to Italians, adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates.Results.The study population included 8602 Italian and 388 immigrant patients. Immigrants were significantly younger, more likely to be married and living with people other than their original family and had a shorter duration of contact with mental health services. The percentages of patients receiving psychosocial rehabilitation, admitted to hospital wards or to residential facilities were similar between Italians and immigrants. The number of interventions was higher for Italians. Admissions to acute wards or residential facilities were significantly longer for Italians. Moreover, immigrants received significantly more group rehabilitation interventions, while more social support individual interventions were provided to Italians.Conclusions.The probability of receiving any mental health intervention is similar between immigrants and Italians, but the number of interventions and the duration of admissions are lower for immigrants. Data from mental health information system should be integrated with qualitative data on unmet needs from the immigrants' perspective to inform mental health care programmes and policies.

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Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela, Natascia Rinaldo, Meriem Khyatti, Chérifa Lakhoua, and Stefania Toselli. "Weight status, fatness and body image perception of North African immigrant women in Italy." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 15 (April 28, 2016): 2743–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016000872.

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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the nutritional status of North African (NA) immigrant women in Italy, analysing their body size, adiposity and body image perception in comparison to Italian natives and NA residents.DesignThe study utilized a cross-sectional design. Anthropometric traits were directly measured and a few indices were computed as proxy measures of nutritional status and adiposity. Body image perception was assessed using silhouette drawings. ANCOVA, adjusted for age, was used to compare anthropometric traits among different groups of women and the χ2 test to analyse differences in the prevalence of nutritional status.SettingItaly and North Africa (Tunisia, Morocco).SubjectsA sample of 433 women aged 18–60 years old: NA immigrants (n 105); Italians (n 100); Tunisians (n 104); Moroccans (n 124).ResultsOverweight/obesity prevalence was very high in immigrants (79·8 %). Immigrants had the highest BMI value, the greatest hip circumference and mid upper-arm circumference. Their triceps skinfold thickness was significantly higher than that of Italians, but lower than that of NA residents.ConclusionsNA immigrant women in Italy showed a higher incidence of overweight compared with Italians and NA residents. All groups showed a preference for a thinner body in comparison to their actual bodies and the immigrants are the most dissatisfied. Immigrants remain a high-risk group for obesity. Assessment of their body composition and health risk profile should be improved by using specific anthropometric measures that are easy to collect even in the case of large migration flows.

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Guerini, Federica. "“It sounds like the language spoken by those living by the seaside” – language attitudes towards the local Italo-romance variety of Ghanaian immigrants in Bergamo." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2018, no. 254 (October 25, 2018): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2018-0035.

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Abstract In this article, I focus on the position of Bergamasco, the Italo-romance variety spoken in the Province of Bergamo (Northern Italy), in the linguistic repertoire of the local Ghanaian immigrant community. I argue that Ghanaian immigrants do not speak Bergamasco since the local people refrain from speaking Bergamasco to them. Bergamasco can be regarded as a we-code (Gumperz, John. 1982. Discourse Strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.) of the indigenous community, whereas Italian – in most cases, a simplified variety of standard Italian – is the default choice when communicating with immigrants. The lack of input in combination with negative attitudes and a lack of motivation to acquire the dialect triggers a self-reinforcing dynamic, making the incorporation of Bergamasco into the linguistic repertoire of Ghanaian immigrants unlikely. Excerpts from a sample of face-to-face interactions and semi-structured interviews involving a group of first-generation Ghanaian immigrants reveal that Bergamasco tends to be perceived as a sort of “secret language” deliberately used by local people to exclude immigrants and other outsiders. This stereotype originates from and is reinforced by lack of competence on the part of the migrants, but is devoid of any foundation.

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Rania, Nadia, Stefania Rebora, Laura Migliorini, and Maria Soledad Navas. "Acculturation Process and Life Domains: Different Perceptions of Native and Immigrant Adults in Italy." Open Psychology Journal 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874350101912010055.

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Background: Acculturation process has taken up a relevant place in cross-cultural psychology by demonstrating the strong relationships between cultural context and individual behavioral development. Aim: The purpose of this study is to analyse acculturation strategies and attitudes in different life domains of native and immigrant adults living in Italy, following the Relative Acculturation Extended Model (RAEM). Methods: The participants were 250 Italian native and 100 immigrant adults who completed a questionnaire with items to measure their acculturation strategies (real plane) and attitudes (ideal plane), in general and related to different life domains (peripheral and central). Results: Results revealed that the acculturation attitude of immigrants is integration, whereas Italians prefer their assimilation. Conclusion: However, when different life domains are taken into account, immigrants claim to put in practice and prefer integration in most of the domains, whereas Italians perceive immigrants are separated but they prefer their assimilation or integration, depending on the specific domain.

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Candela, Silvia, and Patrizia Carletti. "La misura delle differenze etniche nella salute." SALUTE E SOCIETÀ, no. 1 (March 2009): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ses2009-001010.

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- During the last ten years the number of immigrants has rapidly risen in Italy, reaching almost the 6% of the total population. Immigrants come from more than 190 different countries and their health is a crucial capital to enter the labour market, where they play an important role, even if the achievement of social integration is still a challenge. As the monitoring of immigrants health status is an important mean to plan the actions to tackle health inequalities and to improve their health conditions, it is necessary that the National Health System develops a common methodology and produces some shared indicators to perform it. To achieve this aim a national board on the project Promoting immigrants health in Italy has been established and it is now working to find the sources of data and a reduced number of useful health indicators, measurable all around the Country. This paper presents a summary of the main informations provided by the board up to now. Keywords: immigrants, health, socio-economic status, pregnancy, indicators, epidemiology. Parole chiave: immigrati, salute, condizione socio-economica, gravidanza, indicatori, epidemiologia.

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Galante, John Starosta. "The ‘Great War’ in Il Plata: Italian Immigrants in Buenos Aires and Montevideo During the First World War." Journal of Migration History 2, no. 1 (March 22, 2016): 57–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00201003.

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This paper examines the actions of Italian immigrants in Buenos Aires and Montevideo to support Italy’s mobilisation during the First World War. It focuses on immigrant institutions that participated in activities including military recruitment and welfare collections to assist the Italian side. It also investigates ways Italian immigrants collaborated across the Río de la Plata to mobilise war-related resources. Through its analysis, this article narrows in on a neglected period of time in Italian immigration historiography and uncovers ways events in Italy might have affected immigrant behaviours. It explores the degree of integration that existed between these two communities and within a transnational immigrant network built around ‘Italian’ notions of belonging. More broadly, this paper illustrates the value of scholarly focus on periods of crisis in immigrant homelands. The study of such periods helps advance understandings of social relations within immigrant communities and the transnational networks in which immigrants are situated.

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Cediel, Natalia, Valeria Conte, Laura Tomassone, Donatella Tiberti, Paolo Guiso, Jaime Romero, Luis Carlos Villamil, and Daniele De Meneghi. "Risk perception about zoonoses in immigrants and Italian workers in Northwestern Italy." Revista de Saúde Pública 46, no. 5 (October 2012): 850–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102012000500012.

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OBJETIVO: To assess factors associated with a low risk perception of zoonoses and to identify the gaps in knowledge about transmission and prevention of zoonoses in immigrant and Italian workers. MÉTODOS: A cross-sectional study with 175 workers in the agro-livestock and agro-food industry in Piemonte, Italy, was carried out. Data were collected with a semi-structured questionnaire based on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) survey. We calculated proportions and used chi-square tests and odds ratios to assess associations. Eight individual interviews with key informants on immigration and public health in Piemonte were carried out. RESULTADOS: Participants were 82 (47%) Italians and 93 (53%) immigrants. Immigrants were from Romania, Morocco, Albania, India, China, Argentina, Peru, Macedonia, Ivory Coast, Ukraine and Colombia. The study revealed significant differences in risk perception at work (p = 0.001). We found associations between "not having correct knowledge about zoonoses" and the following variables: i. "being immigrant" OR = 4.1 (95%CI 1.7;9.8 p ≤ 0.01); ii. "working in the livestock industry" OR = 2.9 (95%CI 1.2;15.4 p = 0.01); and iii. "being an unqualified worker" OR = 4.4 (95%CI 2.9;15.4 p ≤ 0.01). Another strong association was found between being immigrant and having a low job qualification OR = 6.7 (IC95% 2.9 - 15.4 p ≤ 0.01). Asian immigrants were the group with the highest frequency of risky behaviours and the lowest level of knowledge about zoonoses. CONCLUSÕES: Our results indicate that there were differences in risk perception of zoonoses between the groups participating in our study. These results suggest that immigrant status can be considered a risk factor for having lower risk perception and lower level of knowledge of zoonoses at work. There is a relationship between this specific knowledge of zoonoses and lack of training and instruction among migrant populations. Our results stress the need for developing education programs on zoonoses prevention among the immigrant population in Piemonte, Italy.

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Cappiali, Teresa M. "Ideological Affiliations, Conflicts, and Competing Mobilization Frames: The Role of Pro-immigrant Allies in Shaping Immigrant Struggles for Greater Rights." International Migration Review 53, no. 3 (August 24, 2018): 869–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197918318783685.

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This article critically assesses the role pro-immigrant allies play in shaping immigrant struggles for their greater rights. Drawing from original data collected in Italy between 2013 and 2014, it analyzes the conflict-laden organization of “A Day without Us,” a mass mobilization that took place in Italy on March 1, 2010. It explains how ideological divides, competing mobilization frames, and struggles for legitimacy among pro-immigrant groups play a key role in influencing mobilization strategies and outcomes, as do the mechanisms of marginalization of immigrant activists. This study improves understandings of immigrant political mobilization as it shows the ways in which pro-immigrant groups may reduce the scope and effectiveness of immigrants’ rights claims in receiving societies.

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Alivernini, Fabio, Sara Manganelli, Elisa Cavicchiolo, and Fabio Lucidi. "Measuring Bullying and Victimization Among Immigrant and Native Primary School Students: Evidence From Italy." Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment 37, no. 2 (September 26, 2017): 226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734282917732890.

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Italy is a particularly interesting context in which to study the phenomenon of bullying given the steadily increasing number of immigrant students attending Italian primary schools. We examined the psychometric properties of a short self-report measure of bullying and victimization across groups of students with various migration backgrounds. We then estimated, by latent mean comparisons, the rates of prevalence of bullying and victimization among different generations of immigrants and native students. Results concerning the factor structure of the measure were consistent with studies in other cultural contexts and complete scalar measurement invariance was found across immigrant backgrounds. The analyses showed that both first- and second-generation immigrant pupils reported being victimized more frequently than their native peers. However, the incidence of victimization for second generations was lower than that for first generations. Finally, no differences across different generations of immigrants and native students were found in reported bullying behaviors.

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Berti, Fabio, Antonella D’Agostino, Achille Lemmi, and Laura Neri. "Poverty and deprivation of immigrants vs. natives in Italy." International Journal of Social Economics 41, no. 8 (August 5, 2014): 630–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-12-2012-0240.

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Purpose – Italy has become a migrant receiving country and it has to face with the problem of social inclusion of immigrants. The purpose of this paper is to measure the gap on poverty and deprivation between immigrants and natives since manifest conditions of both of them are an important signal, although not exclusively, of social exclusion. Design/methodology/approach – Poverty analysis typically relies on a single monetary variable such as income and it is characterized by a simple dichotomization of the population into poor and non-poor. In this paper the authors stress the importance of using a multidimensional and fuzzy approach in order to study disparities between immigrants and natives. The authors cover several of the multifaceted aspects of resources necessary to maintain adequate living standards in a developed country. With the fuzzy methodology, the authors also overcome any limitation of the conventional approach based on the simple dichotomization of the phenomenon. Findings – The empirical analysis is based on data from two official surveys. The authors find that between Italian and immigrant households there are significant differences in poverty and deprivation levels, with a strong disadvantage for the latter. The authors argue that any serious attempt to reduce poverty and deprivation must now include comprehensive reforms in the nation's immigration policies if they are to be taken seriously. Originality/value – The paper makes an original contribution to the understanding of inequality between immigrants and natives, by studying a complex phenomena such as poverty and deprivation in a multidimensional perspective using a fuzzy approach.

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De Luca, Deborah, Sonia Pozzi, and Maurizio Ambrosini. "Trade unions and immigrants in Italy: How immigrant offices promote inclusion." Journal of Industrial Relations 60, no. 1 (August 29, 2017): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185617723378.

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Aragona, Massimiliano, Lorenzo Tarsitani, Francesco Colosimo, Barbara Martinelli, Hassan Raad, Bianca Maisano, and Salvatore Geraci. "Somatization in Primary Care: A Comparative Survey of Immigrants from Various Ethnic Groups in Rome, Italy." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 35, no. 3 (September 2005): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/2g8n-mnne-pggp-pjjq.

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Objectives: Those responsible for interviewing immigrants in primary care settings often underestimate the importance of somatic symptoms arising from psychological distress. This study investigates the current prevalence of somatization in immigrants, and evaluates the comparative rates of somatic complaints in four ethnic groups (Caucasians, Asians, South/Center Americans, and Africans). Methods: We studied the 301 consecutive outpatients (aged between 16 and 70 years) attending the “Caritas” primary care unit for immigrants in Rome (Italy) from January to December 2003, all of whom completed the 21-item version of the Bradford Somatic Inventory (BSI-21). Patients scoring 14 or more on the BSI-21 were considered at risk for somatization. Results: The current prevalence of somatization was 35.2%; 62.3% of the somatizers were women. A multiple regression analysis adjusting for the possible confounding effects of sex, age, education, and months of stay in Italy showed that South/Central Americans had significantly higher somatization scores than the other three groups. Conclusions: These findings suggest a high probability of somatization syndromes in immigrant patients. South/Central Americans tend to somatize more than other ethnic groups. A psychosomatic approach may be useful for immigrants in primary care settings.

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Di Nuzzo, Mariachiara, Alessandro Trentini, Anastasio Grilli, Lorenzo Massoli, Enrico Biagi, Martina Maritati, and Carlo Contini. "Extrapulmonary tuberculosis among immigrants in a low-TB burden and high immigrant receiving city of northern Italy." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 12, no. 02 (February 28, 2018): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.10167.

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Introduction: The constantly increasing immigration flows are influencing tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology in several European countries as well as in Italy. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) incidence rate is not decreasing and, among immigrants, it occurs in a remarkable number of cases. This study aimed to provide further insights regarding EPTB among natives and immigrants in a low TB burden and high immigrant receiving setting. Methodology: A total of 217 TB cases admitted to the University-Hospital of Ferrara from 2009 through 2015 were enrolled in the study. Clinical and demographical data including age, gender, origin, single comorbidities such as HIV status, chronic viral disease, chronic lung disease, diabetes, neoplasm, and multimorbidity were analyzed. Results: Of the 217 cases enrolled, 60.0% were immigrants and 40.0% natives, 68.7% presented pulmonary TB and 31.3% EPTB. By binary logistic regression, we observed that female gender (O.R. (95% C.I.): 1.95 (1.08-3.50), p < 0.05), Asian origin (5.70 (2.00-16.24), p < 0.001) and multimorbidity (6.42 (2.37-17.41), p < 0.001) were significantly associated to the development of EPTB compared to PTB. Nodal TB was the most common site of reactivation (56.5% among immigrants and 27.3% among natives). Conclusions: The data we found could be useful in increasing EPTB medical suspicion and decreasing EPTB diagnostic delay in low TB burden and high immigrant receiving settings.

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Pinotti, Paolo. "Clicking on Heaven’s Door: The Effect of Immigrant Legalization on Crime." American Economic Review 107, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 138–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20150355.

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We estimate the effect of immigrant legalization on the crime rate of immigrants in Italy by exploiting an ideal regression discontinuity design: fixed quotas of residence permits are available each year, applications must be submitted electronically on specific “click days,” and are processed on a first come, first served basis until the available quotas are exhausted. Matching data on applications with individual-level criminal records, we show that legalization reduces the crime rate of legalized immigrants by 0.6 percentage points on average, on a baseline crime rate of 1.1 percent. (JEL J15, J61, K37, K42)

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Grimaldi, Antonio, Anna Chiara Vermi, Valeria Cammalleri, Alessandro Castiglioni, Federico Pappalardo, Maurizio Taramasso, Francesca Baratto, and Ottavio Alfieri. "Heart surgery for immigrants in Italy." Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine 17, no. 2 (February 2016): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2459/jcm.0000000000000228.

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Matteelli, Alberto. "Malaria in Illegal Chinese Immigrants, Italy." Emerging Infectious Diseases 7, no. 6 (December 2001): 1055–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid0706.010628.

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Murat, Marina. "Do Immigrant Students Succeed? Evidence from Italy and France." Global Economy Journal 12, no. 3 (August 17, 2012): 1850269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/1524-5861.1872.

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This paper uses data from PISA 2006 on science, mathematics and reading to analyze immigrant school gaps – negative difference between immigrants’ and natives’ scores - and the structural features of educational systems in two adjacent countries, Italy and France, with similar migration inflows and with similar schooling institutions, based on tracking. Our results show that tracking and school specific programs matter; in both countries, the school system upholds a separation between students with different backgrounds and ethnicities. Residential segregation or discrimination seem also to be at work, especially in France. Given the existing school model, a teaching support in mathematics and science in France and in reading in Italy would help immigrant students to converge to natives’ standards.

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Simionescu, Mihaela. "Italexit and the Impact of Immigrants from Italy on the Italian Labor Market." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14010014.

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Considering the recent debates regarding Brexit and the potential negative effects of immigrants on Italian labor market, the main aim of this paper is to assess the impact of immigrants from Italy on the labor market of this country using econometric techniques. Based on these results, one answer regarding the potential exit of Italy from the EU (Italexit) because of the immigration issue is provided. According to a Johansen co-integration test, there was not any long-run relationship between the number of EU immigrants from Italy and the variation of unemployment rate in the period from 1990 to 2019. The estimations based on Bayesian ridge regressions indicated that the number of EU immigrants did not affect labor cost index in business economy, manufacturing or industry, construction and services in the period 2001–2019. The variation in employed immigrants from Italy in the period 2008–2019 depends on changes in risk of poverty or social exclusion, housing cost overburden rate, exports of goods and services, inflation and tax rate on low wage earners and adult participation in learning.

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Daly, Faïçal. "Tunisian Migrants and Their Experience of Racism in Modena." Modern Italy 4, no. 2 (November 1999): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532949908454828.

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SummaryBased both on the author's personal testimony of living, working and studying in Italy for ten years, and on his more recent sociological fieldwork, this article explores various dimensions of racism in the north Italian city of Modena, paying special attention to the experiences of Tunisian immigrants. The methodology comprises interviews with Tunisian immigrants and their employers, observations in bars and other public places, analysis of racism in the workplace, monitoring of the local media and reference to the national political debate. The findings reveal that being on the receiving end of racism, hostility and violence are regular facets of the everyday lives of Tunisian immigrants in Modena, as well as being part of a wider local and national anti-immigrant discourse.

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Kadzadej, Mustafa, and Kleviona Hoxha. "Albanian Diaspora in Greece in the years 1990-2000." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v1i2.p396-398.

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The reasons that prompted the Albanian exodus were numerous and varied. While if we take a look on its consequences will see that they have a dual nature. Among the positive aspects of exodus we can mention the fact that it helped Albania economically meeting the needs of a considerable part of the population in the moment of political and social crisis transition enabling the survival of many families. On the other hand it had a negative impact not only becouse of spending vital energies of the nation abroad, but also because it led to the formation of a bad opinion about Albanians, opinion spread almost all over Europe, especially where their presence was bigger. For this reason we got to study precisely the image of immigrant in two countries ( Italy and Greece ), where they have the largest flow of migration in 1990-2000. We should note that in recent years in both countryes in Italy and in Greece prevails the same closed mentality against foreigners. Also it is accompanied ( especially in Italy with the malfunctioning of the structure that handles issues of migratory movements, not like in the other states like Germany, England or France where, besides the small number of immigrants, there were laws and better functioning of the state that associated with emigration’s problems. On the other hand we can say that in this period, whether in Greece the fortunes of the Albanian immigrants depended from the relations of the Greek-Albanian state, in Italy they depend mainly on the behavior of immigrants.

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Mastrobuoni, Giovanni, and Paolo Pinotti. "Legal Status and the Criminal Activity of Immigrants." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 175–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20140039.

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We exploit exogenous variation in legal status following the January 2007 European Union enlargement to estimate its effect on immigrant crime. We difference out unobserved time-varying factors by (i) comparing recidivism rates of immigrants from the “new” and “candidate” member countries; and (ii) using arrest data on for eign detainees released upon a mass clemency that occurred in Italy in August 2006. The timing of the two events allows us to setup a difference-in-differences strategy. Legal status leads to a 50 percent reduction in recidivism, and explains one-half to two-thirds of the observed differences in crime rates between legal and illegal immigrants. (JEL F22, K42, C41)

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CARVALHO, A. C. C., N. SALERI, I. EL-HAMAD, S. TEDOLDI, S. CAPONE, M. C. PEZZOLI, M. ZACCARIA, A. PIZZOCOLO, C. SCARCELLA, and A. MATTEELLI. "Completion of screening for latent tuberculosis infection among immigrants." Epidemiology and Infection 133, no. 1 (November 17, 2004): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268804003061.

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The objective of our study was to evaluate the sociodemographic factors associated with completion of screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among undocumented immigrants in Brescia, Italy. Screening for LTBI was offered to 649 immigrants; 213 (33%) immigrants completed the first step of screening; only 44% (55/124) of individuals with a positive tuberculin skin test result started treatment for LTBI. The univariate analysis showed that being unmarried, of Senegalese nationality and being interviewed by a health-care worker with the same native language as the immigrant were significantly associated with completion of screening for LTBI. In the multiple logistic regression, being interviewed in the native language of the health-care worker (OR 2·5, 95% CI 1·3–4·8, P=0·004) and being of Senegalese origin (OR 2·3, 95% CI 1·4–3·6, P=0·0005) were independently associated with adherence to LTBI screening. Our results suggest that knowledge of the sociodemographic characteristics of immigrants, and the participation of health-care workers of the same cultural origin as the immigrant during the visits, can be an important tool to improve completion of screening for LTBI.

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Mantovan, Claudia. "Bangladeshi immigrants’ self-organization and associationism in Venice (Italy)." Migration Letters 18, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v18i1.1063.

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In Italy, most of the studies on immigrants’ associationism and participation have concentrated on the more formal andstructured aspects. Little research has been done on forms of immigrant self-organization not oriented towards the society in the country of adoption. Drawing on these considerations, this article analyzes the self-organization of Bangladeshi residents in the municipality of Venice considering both their infra-political and their politico-organizational mobilization, seeking relationships between these two spheres of action, identifying transnational bonds, and dynamics linked to the social and political context of their home country. At the same time, the study considers the influence of other factors, such as the social, political and economic context found in the country of immigration (at both national and local level), and also the personal variables that can influence people’s participation, such as gender, generation, social class, amount of time spent in the adopted country, legal status, formal education, human capital, attitudes and personal projects in general.

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Fiorini, Giulia, Ilaria Maria Saracino, Angelo Zullo, Matteo Pavoni, Laura Saccomanno, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Rossana Cavallo, Guido Antonelli, and Berardino Vaira. "Antibiotic Resistance and Therapy for H. pylori Infection in Immigrant Patients Treated in Italy." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051299.

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Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the leading cause of both peptic ulcers and gastric tumors, including low-grade MALT-lymphoma and adenocarcinoma. Although it is decreasing in developed countries, H. pylori prevalence remains high in developing areas, mainly due to low socio-economic levels, and the potential consumption of contaminated water. Moreover, a different pattern of primary antibiotic resistance is expected in their H. pylori isolates, potentially affecting the efficacy of standard eradication therapies. Indeed, a previous study showed the eradication rate following triple therapy was distinctly lower in dyspeptic H. pylori infected immigrants living in Italy as compared to Italian patients. Aims: to evaluate the resistance pattern in H. pylori isolates from immigrant patients in Italy, and the success rate of first-line therapy in these patients. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study evaluated data of consecutive immigrant patients, diagnosed with H. pylori infection in a single center (Bologna, Italy) between January 2009 and January 2019. Patients underwent first-line therapy with either sequential or Pylera® (Allergan USA, Inc. Madison, NJ, USA) therapy. Results: A total of 609 immigrants were diagnosed with H. pylori infection during the study period, but 264 previously received an eradication therapy. Therefore, the study was focused on 294 out of 345 naïve patients with a successful bacterial culture with antibiogram. Latin America immigrants had the highest overall resistance rate. Levofloxacin resistance rate was significantly higher in Latin Americans and Asians as compared with Europeans. Based on resistance patterns, sequential therapy showed a clear decreasing trend in eradication rates. Conclusions: while antibiotic resistance rates are generally increasing worldwide, Pylera® seems to achieve a good performance as first-line treatment in all naïve foreigner patients, except for Africans.

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Carta, Mauro Giovanni, Silvia D’Oca, Michela Atzeni, Alessandra Perra, Maria Francesca Moro, Federica Sancassiani, Gustavo Mausel, Antonio Egidio Nardi, Luigi Minerba, and Veronica Brasesco. "Quality of Life of Sardinian Immigrants in Buenos Aires and of People Living in Italy and Sardinia: Does the Kind of Care have a Role for People with Depression?" Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2016): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1745017901612010158.

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Background / Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the Quality of Life (QoL) of Sardinian immigrants to Argentina with Sardinians residing in Sardinia. The hypothesis was that a different availability of effective treatments for mood disorders may impact the well being of persons with these disorders. Methods: One out of five families of Sardinian origin was randomly selected. An Italian study (including Sardinia) was adopted as the control. The Mood Disorder Questionnaire was used for screening mania/hypomania; the diagnosis of Current Major Depressive Disorder was conducted by means of the Patient Health Questionnaire in immigrants and by means of a clinical interview in the control study and in an immigrant subsample (to verify comparability); the Short-Form Health Survey-12 was applied to measure QoL. Results: The Sardinian immigrants showed a higher QoL than Italians in Italy (but not with Sardinians residing in Sardinia). On the contrary, the attributable burden worsening QoL due to lifetime manic/hypomanic episodes, as well as to current depressive episodes, was found higher among Sardinian immigrants with respect to both Sardinian residents in Sardinia and the total Italian sample. The use of effective treatment for mood disorder was higher in Italy. Conclusion: The study found that in a sample of Sardinian immigrants in Buenos Aires the impact of a mood disorder affects QoL more incisively than in Sardinians residing in Sardinia. The suggested hypothesis of a possible role of beliefs guiding the search for treatments will be verified in future studies.

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D’Aloja, Paola, Roberto Da Cas, Valeria Belleudi, Filomena Fortinguerra, Francesca Romana Poggi, Serena Perna, Francesco Trotta, and Serena Donati. "Drug Prescriptions among Italian and Immigrant Pregnant Women Resident in Italy: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 4186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074186.

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Ensuring drug safety for pregnant women through prescription drug monitoring is essential. The aim of this study was to describe the prescription pattern of medicines among pregnant immigrant women from countries with high migratory pressure (HMPCs) compared to pregnant Italian women. The prevalence of drug prescriptions among the two study populations was analysed through record linkage procedures applied to the administrative databases of eight Italian regions, from 2016 to 2018. The overall prevalence of drug prescription was calculated considering all women who received at least one prescription during the study period. Immigrants had a lower prevalence of drug prescriptions before (51.0% vs. 58.6%) and after pregnancy (55.1% vs. 60. 3%). Conversely, during pregnancy, they obtained a slightly higher number of prescriptions (74.9% vs. 72.8%). The most prescribed class of drugs was the blood and haematopoietic organs category (category ATC B) (56.4% vs. 45.9%, immigrants compared to Italians), followed by antimicrobials (31.3% vs. 33.7%). Most prescriptions were appropriate, while folic acid administration 3 months before conception was low for both study groups (3.9% immigrants and 6.2% Italians). Progesterone seemingly was prescribed against early pregnancy loss, more frequently among Italians (16.5% vs. 8.1% immigrants). Few inappropriate medications were prescribed among antihypertensives, statins and anti-inflammatory drugs in both study groups.

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Bonizzoni, Paola. "Catene d'oro, sangue e amore: famiglie migranti e vita economica tra dimensione locale e transnazionale." MONDI MIGRANTI, no. 3 (March 2009): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mm2008-003003.

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- The aim of this paper is to analyze the economic and solidarity practices that characterize immigrant family life. Immigrants' intimate relationships often extend beyond Italy, and their life course trajectories, constellated by (more or less prolonged) separations and progressive reunifications, pose a challenge to conventional frameworks regarding family exchanges, circuits of help and consumption patterns. Choices such as building a house or raising children, are often made on a transnational basis, considering both sending and receiving context's resources, limits and constraints. At the same time, re-locating family ties it's not an immediate choice nor an easy process, and the "myth of return" often shapes immigrant's imaginated future and hopes, after many years spent away from their home country. Drawing on interviews realized with immigrant parents and teens, we are going to unfold the peculiarity of their experiences, rediscussing some of the more commonly used assumptions concerning the amount, the logics and the directions of family members' economic exchanges and responsibilities, especially in terms of gender and generations.keywords Immigrant families, family solidarity, transnationalism.

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Colombo, Asher. "Hope and despair: ‘Deviant’ immigrants in Italy." Journal of Modern Italian Studies 2, no. 1 (March 1997): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545719708454936.

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Zincone, Giovanna. "The political rights of immigrants in Italy." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 20, no. 1 (October 1993): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369183x.1993.9976410.

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De Luca, Giuliana, Michela Ponzo, and Antonio Rodríguez Andrés. "Health care utilization by immigrants in Italy." International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics 13, no. 1 (December 13, 2012): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10754-012-9119-9.

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Carlana, Michela, Eliana La Ferrara, and Paolo Pinotti. "Goals and Gaps: Educational Careers of Immigrant Children." Econometrica 90, no. 1 (2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta17458.

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We study the educational choices of children of immigrants in a tracked school system. We first show that immigrants in Italy enroll disproportionately into vocational high schools, as opposed to technical and academically‐oriented ones, compared to natives of similar ability. The gap is greater for male students and it mirrors an analogous differential in grade retention. We then estimate the impact of a large‐scale, randomized intervention providing tutoring and career counseling to high‐ability immigrant students. Male treated students increase their probability of enrolling into the high track to the same level of natives, also closing the gap in grade retention. There are no significant effects on immigrant girls, who exhibit similar choices and performance as native ones in absence of the intervention. Increases in academic motivation and changes in teachers' recommendation regarding high school choice explain a sizable portion of the effect. Finally, we find positive spillovers on immigrant classmates of treated students, while there is no effect on native classmates.

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Fullin, Giovanna. "Unemployment trap or high job turnover? Ethnic penalties and labour market transitions in Italy." International Journal of Comparative Sociology 52, no. 4 (July 28, 2011): 284–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020715211412111.

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This article aims at analysing the trajectories of immigrants in the Italian labour market, focusing on yearly transitions from unemployment to employment and vice versa. Regression models show that, controlling for age, educational attainment and region, immigrant workers lose their jobs more often than natives but, once being unemployed they have more probabilities of finding a job than natives. As the probabilities of both transitions can be affected by characteristics of the initial status as well, the two transitions have been analysed separately. For the risk of losing a job, the segregation of immigrants in the secondary labour market seems to be the main reason of their penalization, but also the main reason of their advantage in job seeking, since their unemployment spells are shorter than those of natives, although at the cost of accepting worse working conditions. Analyses are based on the yearly transition matrices of Italian Labour Force Surveys, from 2005 to 2008.

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Stipišić, Teuta. "Attitudes toward Immigrants Intertwined with Religion: Comparison of Croatia and Italy." Religions 13, no. 7 (July 18, 2022): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13070664.

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This article seeks to contribute to the study of migration and religion in two EU countries, Croatia and Italy, by examining the impact of religiosity and cultural identification on negative attitudes toward immigrants. In many European societies, the increasing diversification within different levels of society stemming from recent migrations has turned immigrants’ reception and integration into a key issue, whereby migrants are often perceived as a threat to the dominant religion and culture, thus aggravating the process of migrant integration within society. Our article follows recent empirical research on migration and religion, which determined that higher levels of religiosity are positively correlated with negative out-group attitudes. Conducting quantitative research in Croatia (N = 603) and Italy (N = 714) and based on the analysis of primary data, firstly, we assess whether there is an association between negative attitudes towards immigrants depending on different degrees of religiosity and levels of cultural identification. Secondly, we examine the differences of the socio-religious contexts of Croatia and Italy, with a focus on the interplay between religion, national identity, and migration patterns. In line with this, our research shows that religiosity has the largest influence on negative attitudes toward immigrants, implying that higher levels of religiosity result in higher levels of negative attitudes toward immigrants. Furthermore, the results of our research show that Croatian participants have more negative attitudes toward immigrants than Italian participants, whereby Roman Catholic participants in both countries are more negative than non-religiously declared participants.

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Scardellato, Gabriele. "A Century and More of Italians in Toronto: An Overview of Settlement." Quaderni d'italianistica 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/q.i..v28i1.8548.

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Through the use of various published and original sources this study outlines the reception and settlement of Italian immigrants in a modern Canadian urban environment. Substantial Italian migration and immigration to Toronto began in the late nineteenth century. The first migrants and immigrants were dispersed across at least four relatively distinct, inner-city neighbourhoods. Over time, and in particular after World War Two, one of these neighbourhoods grew to become one of the largest settlements of its type outside of Italy. Now in the process of gentrification, the area known as College Street Little Italy served a pivotal role in the accommodation of Italian immigrants in Toronto.

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Fellini, Ivana, Raffaele Guetto, and Emilio Reyneri. "Poor Returns to Origin-Country Education for Non-Western Immigrants in Italy: An Analysis of Occupational Status on Arrival and Mobility." Social Inclusion 6, no. 3 (July 30, 2018): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v6i3.1442.

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Previous research on the Italian case has shown that non-Western immigrants are very likely to hold low-qualified jobs and that their occupational mobility chances are rather poor, which suggests low returns to education. In this paper, we investigate whether, and to what extent, immigrants’ different areas of origin moderate the returns to educational degrees obtained in the origin country. Data from a survey on the immigrant population (carried out in 2011‒2012) are used, and, differently from previous studies, we focus on returns to origin-country education with respect to both the socioeconomic status of the first job found on arrival and the subsequent occupational mobility. The results show that almost all non-Western immigrants experience remarkably low returns to post-secondary education on their first job. Contrary to other West-European countries, those returns in Italy are only slightly different by area of origin, which suggests that differences in the transferability and quality of skills are scarcely relevant in a strongly segmented labour market. Rather, the modes of labour market insertion―e.g., formal search methods or relying on contacts with natives―have a sizeable impact on the returns. Origin-country post-secondary degrees are also consistently associated with low returns on subsequent mobility, although highly educated immigrants from new EU member states experience higher chances of upward mobility. In line with some recent findings, recognition of educational credentials seems decisive for the very few non-Western immigrants who are able either to access better-qualified jobs on arrival or to improve their occupational status over time.

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BRUNO, Marco. "MEDIA REPRESENTATIONS OF IMMIGRANTS IN ITALY: FRAMING REAL AND SYMBOLIC BORDERS." REMHU : Revista Interdisciplinar da Mobilidade Humana 24, no. 46 (April 2016): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-85852503880004604.

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Abstract The “need” to build walls and barriers, restore boundaries, restraining “waves” of refugees and migrants, appears one of the most urgent priorities involving European countries. In Italian media and political debate this theme has been very important in last years also regard a peculiar kind of border, the maritime one, for the centrality acquired by Lampedusa and other coasts, also as symbolic space of construction of relationship with the “Other”. On the other hand, the media defined also “symbolic internal borders”, by focusing on certain themes or images of migrations. The contribution aims to explore and deconstruct the main mechanisms of representation and news-media construction of immigrant image in Italy. Through frame analysis (mostly carried out with qualitative and non-standard methods) will be enlightened three main discursive dimensions: a) the so-called “landing emergency” (as external border); b) the central interest on crime news where immigrants are protagonists, and c) the cultural-religious dimension of immigration (both as internal border).

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Quassoli, Fabio. "“Clandestino”." Discourse and politics of migration in Italy 12, no. 2 (August 2, 2012): 203–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.12.2.03qua.

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Over the last twenty years, the management of a series of complex questions raised by the growing presence of foreign immigrants in Italy has been carried out via the “invention” of specific social problems and their accompanying discourse categories. From its first appearance the term “clandestino” (or irregular immigrant) has assumed a dual significance as a concept widely adopted in public discourse and as the pillar of an ideology that comprises a very specific set of political positions regarding the management of immigration. Moreover, to the extent that the clandestino was interpreted as a threat or problem to be eliminated or solved, it very rapidly became a discursive and practical focal point for the institutions that play a crucial role in immigration management and control. Drawing on my research from late 1990s on immigration policies and control in Italy, I show how and to what extent some institutional everyday activities of the police have been reshaped by discourses and practice that focus on dealing with irregular immigrants. This reorganization contributed to generating a complex web of knowledge, discourses and practices that produced the essential vocabulary and the hegemonic frameworks for public debates about immigration in Italy. It also makes the need and urgency to cope with irregular immigration both a political centre of gravity and a basic strategy to reproduce social order.

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Calavita, Kitty. "The dialectics of immigrant ‘integration’ and marginality in industrialising America and post-industrial Europe." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 9, no. 3 (August 2003): 416–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890300900305.

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Immigration policies in Italy and Spain — even the restrictive policies put in place over the last several years — emphasise the importance of immigrant ‘integration'. At the same time, immigrants are welcome largely on the grounds that they fill important niches in the labour market, such as low-end jobs in construction, agriculture, and domestic service, that locals shun. This article explores the relationship between immigrants’ economic function in this southern flank of the European fortress, and their ability to integrate into the host society. Specifically, it argues that it is immigrants’ ‘otherness’ that is their calling card — their passport — in these new countries of immigration, and that their full integration into Spanish and Italian societies presumably would spell an end to their utility as ‘others'. Further, it documents the difficulties of integrating those who are legally and economically marginalised and for whom that marginality is seen as their chief virtue. The author makes comparisons with ‘Americanisation’ programmes in industrialising America and suggests that in both cases, the contradiction between the cheap labour of immigrants and the need to integrate them helps explain both the motivation for integration efforts and their complications.

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Simionescu, Mihaela. "THE ROMANIAN IMMIGRANTS FROM ITALY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RECENT ECONOMIC CRISIS." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 04 (February 28, 2020): 600–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i4/pr201038.

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Knights, Melanie. "Bangladeshi Immigrants in Italy: From Geopolitics to Micropolitics." Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 21, no. 1 (1996): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/622928.

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Babraj, Arianna. "Experience with and Perceptions of Immigrants in Italy." Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union 2019, no. 1 (2019): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5642/urceu.201901.02.

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Dell'Aringa, Carlo, and Fabio Neri. "Illegal Immigrants and the Informal Economy in Italy." Labour 1, no. 2 (September 1987): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9914.1987.tb00115.x.

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Etzo, Ivan, Carla Massidda, and Romano Piras. "Do Firms Follow Immigrants? Empirical Evidence From Italy." Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie 111, no. 5 (January 14, 2020): 718–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12405.

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Barban, Nicola, and Michael J. White. "Immigrants’ Children's Transition to Secondary School in Italy." International Migration Review 45, no. 3 (September 2011): 702–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2011.00863.x.

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Bettin, Giulia, and Agnese Sacchi. "Health spending in Italy: The impact of immigrants." European Journal of Political Economy 65 (December 2020): 101932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2020.101932.

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Calavita, Kitty. "Gender, Migration, and Law: Crossing Borders and Bridging Disciplines." International Migration Review 40, no. 1 (March 2006): 104–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2006.00005.x.

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The gendered nature of the immigration experience is shaped and reinforced by law, legal consciousness, and the normative understandings they help constitute. This article provides an overview of the role of gender in migration processes from a law and society perspective, and includes an empirical focus on the new immigration to Italy and Spain as an illustration of the utility of such an approach. Beginning with a brief summary of the literatures of feminist jurisprudence and law and migration, respectively, the small body of scholarship at the intersection of these fields is reviewed. The author then examines the new immigration to Italy and Spain and argues that this immigration and the policies that shape it highlight the role of the state in gendering immigrant labor and offer new angles from which to consider the interplay of gender, race, migration status, and marginality. In concluding, the author proposes that such exploration of immigrants' experiences in southern Europe reveals the surprising complexity of immigrants' multiple marginalities, and exposes the powerful contingencies of economic context, prevailing stereotypes, the particulars of state policy, and the agentive power of people struggling to survive.

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Brzozowski, Jan, and Marco Cucculelli. "Transnational ties and performance of immigrant firms: evidence from Central Italy." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 26, no. 8 (August 24, 2020): 1787–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-10-2019-0582.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of transnational business ties (i.e. ties with the country of origin) and to investigate their impact on the economic performance of immigrant firms.Design/methodology/approachBased on the representative survey conducted among 259 foreign-born immigrant entrepreneurs in Marche region (Central Italy), the study investigates the determinants of having transnational ties with countries of origin. Then it compares the effect of transnational ties and the effect of alternative domestic ethnic business ties on the performance of immigrant firms.FindingsThis study demonstrates that having transnational ties is more likely for individuals with former entrepreneurial experience in the home countries and with higher education acquired in Italy. The performance of immigrant firms in the 2014–2016 period (measured by the level of revenues) is positively related to transnational ties – this effect is very strong and significant. On the other hand, reliance on the domestic ethnic ties (i.e. ties with co-ethnic population in Italy) is one of the key factors that inhibits further growth of immigrant enterprises.Originality/valueThis study advances the understanding of how immigrant entrepreneurs create transnational business ties with their home countries. Additionally, this research contributes to the existing literature on immigrant entrepreneurship, by explaining the role of heterogeneous business ties: transnational connections, domestic ties with co-ethnic partners and ties with individuals from native population (in this case: Italy) for the entrepreneurial performance. Consequently, it offers recommendations for policy-makers willing to encourage entrepreneurial activities of immigrants in host countries and to their counterparts in home countries, who are planning to use the advantage diaspora entrepreneurial potential for the benefit of their economies.

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Pinotti, Paolo. "Immigration Enforcement and Crime." American Economic Review 105, no. 5 (May 1, 2015): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20151040.

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Immigration enforcement has ambiguous implications for the crime rate of undocumented immigrants. On the one hand, expulsions reduce the pool of immigrants at risk of committing crimes, on the other they lower the opportunity cost of crime for those who are not expelled. We estimate the effect of expulsions on the crime rate of undocumented immigrants in Italy exploiting variation in enforcement toward immigrants of different nationality, due to the existence of bilateral agreements for the control of illegal migration. We find that stricter enforcement of migration policy reduces the crime rate of undocumented immigrants.

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Calcaterra, R., G. Pasquantonio, L. A. Vitali, M. Nicoletti, M. Di Girolamo, C. Mirisola, M. Prenna, R. Condò, and L. Baggi. "Occurrence of Candida Species Colonization in a Population of Denture-Wearing Immigrants." International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 26, no. 1 (January 2013): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039463201302600125.

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Infection of the oral cavity and dentures by Candida species are frequent in denture wearers. C. albicans is the most common pathogen; however, other emerging Candida species are also responsible for this condition. Few data are available about the occurrence of Candida species in the oral cavities of denture-wearing immigrants to Italy. In this study, we compare the Candida species found in the oral mucosa and on dentures from a population of denture wearing immigrants to Italy to a matched Italian group. Oral swabs were collected from dentures and the underlying mucosa of patients enrolled in the study and were then cultured to test for the presence of Candida species in each sample. Out of 168 patients enrolled (73 Italians and 95 immigrants), 51 Italians (69.8%) and 75 immigrants (78.9%) tested positive for the presence of Candida. Candida albicans was the most frequently observed species overall; however, we found a higher occurrence of C. glabrata among immigrants than among Italians. In addition, immigrants displayed a higher incidence of Candida – associated stomatitis and a lower mean age than Candida-positive individuals from the Italian group. Immigrants are more prone to longer colonization of the oral mucosa and dentures by Candida. In these patients, dentures must be checked periodically to prevent the presence of Candida.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Immigrants – Italy'

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