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1
D'Arca, Renato. "Social, Cultural and Material Conditions of Students from Developing Countries in Italy." International Migration Review 28, no. 2 (June 1994): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800207.
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Recent immigration to Italy features certain traits, one of which is the high rate of educational attainment by immigrants. According to various evaluations (ISPES, 1990), 59 percent of the immigrant population obtained a high school diploma, while 13.5 percent possessed a university degree. For approximately five years, the CE.R.FE. (Research and Documentation Center) has conducted research on the social, cultural and material conditions of immigrant university students, highlighting the ambiguity of their condition (in addition to their perceptions of themselves) oscillating continuously between the status of student and immigrant. In particular, sample research was conducted 2 on non-EC university students present in Milan, Perugia, Rome, and Bari. The study was able to compare data collected at different times to information in a first study conducted in 1986, 3 and a second completed in 1990. It is interesting to note that these different research periods coincided with intensive legislative action by the government promulgated two laws regulating non-EC immigration, Law No. 943/86 and Law No. 39/90. Increased interest on the part of the government as well as of the public and press toward the immigration problem influenced – even though marginally – the development of the students’ non-EC immigrant perceptions of themselves and their roles.
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Candela, Silvia, and Patrizia Carletti. "La misura delle differenze etniche nella salute." SALUTE E SOCIETÀ, no. 1 (March 2009): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ses2009-001010.
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- During the last ten years the number of immigrants has rapidly risen in Italy, reaching almost the 6% of the total population. Immigrants come from more than 190 different countries and their health is a crucial capital to enter the labour market, where they play an important role, even if the achievement of social integration is still a challenge. As the monitoring of immigrants health status is an important mean to plan the actions to tackle health inequalities and to improve their health conditions, it is necessary that the National Health System develops a common methodology and produces some shared indicators to perform it. To achieve this aim a national board on the project Promoting immigrants health in Italy has been established and it is now working to find the sources of data and a reduced number of useful health indicators, measurable all around the Country. This paper presents a summary of the main informations provided by the board up to now. Keywords: immigrants, health, socio-economic status, pregnancy, indicators, epidemiology. Parole chiave: immigrati, salute, condizione socio-economica, gravidanza, indicatori, epidemiologia.
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Berti, Fabio, Antonella D’Agostino, Achille Lemmi, and Laura Neri. "Poverty and deprivation of immigrants vs. natives in Italy." International Journal of Social Economics 41, no. 8 (August 5, 2014): 630–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-12-2012-0240.
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Purpose – Italy has become a migrant receiving country and it has to face with the problem of social inclusion of immigrants. The purpose of this paper is to measure the gap on poverty and deprivation between immigrants and natives since manifest conditions of both of them are an important signal, although not exclusively, of social exclusion. Design/methodology/approach – Poverty analysis typically relies on a single monetary variable such as income and it is characterized by a simple dichotomization of the population into poor and non-poor. In this paper the authors stress the importance of using a multidimensional and fuzzy approach in order to study disparities between immigrants and natives. The authors cover several of the multifaceted aspects of resources necessary to maintain adequate living standards in a developed country. With the fuzzy methodology, the authors also overcome any limitation of the conventional approach based on the simple dichotomization of the phenomenon. Findings – The empirical analysis is based on data from two official surveys. The authors find that between Italian and immigrant households there are significant differences in poverty and deprivation levels, with a strong disadvantage for the latter. The authors argue that any serious attempt to reduce poverty and deprivation must now include comprehensive reforms in the nation's immigration policies if they are to be taken seriously. Originality/value – The paper makes an original contribution to the understanding of inequality between immigrants and natives, by studying a complex phenomena such as poverty and deprivation in a multidimensional perspective using a fuzzy approach.
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Forte, Fabiana, Claudia De Biase, and Pierfrancesco De Paola. "The multicultural territory of domitian coast: housing condition and real estate market [Il territorio multiculturale del litorale domizio: condizione abitativa e mercato immobiliare]." Valori e Valutazioni 28 (July 2021): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.48264/vvsiev-20212808.
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In Italy, which has traditionally been a country of emigration since the unification of Italy, in the last thirty years there has been an intense increase in the flow of immigrants, resulting in economic, social and spatial problems. If the housing conditions represents one of the main indicators to measure the degree of social integration, in Italy a particularly weak segment in the housing demand is represented precisely by immigrants to whom the most degraded and inadequate sector of the housing stock is often destined. A phenomenon of particular note is represented by the settlement choices in the hinterland of large urban areas where there is a high percentage of foreign population (both official and unofficial). This is what happened in the Campania region, in the territory that starts from Caserta to get to Salerno, passing through the metropolitan city of Naples. In Italia, tradizionalmente paese d’emigrazione dall’unità in poi, negli ultimi trenta anni, si è assistito ad un intenso incremento del flusso di immigrati, con conseguenti impatti di carattere economico, sociale e spaziale. Se la condizione abitativa rappresenta uno dei principali indicatori per misurare il grado di integrazione sociale, un segmento particolarmente debole della domanda abitativa in Italia è rappresentato proprio dagli immigrati, cui spesso risulta destinato il settore più degradato e inadeguato del patrimonio abitativo. Un fenomeno di particolare rilievo è rappresentato dalle scelte insediative nell’hinterland delle grandi aree urbane, dove si registra un alta concentrazione di popolazione straniera (sia ufficiale che ufficiosa). Ed è quanto è successo in regione Campania, nell’area che parte da Caserta per arrivare a Salerno, passando per la città metropolitana di Napoli.
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Fullin, Giovanna. "Unemployment trap or high job turnover? Ethnic penalties and labour market transitions in Italy." International Journal of Comparative Sociology 52, no. 4 (July 28, 2011): 284–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020715211412111.
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This article aims at analysing the trajectories of immigrants in the Italian labour market, focusing on yearly transitions from unemployment to employment and vice versa. Regression models show that, controlling for age, educational attainment and region, immigrant workers lose their jobs more often than natives but, once being unemployed they have more probabilities of finding a job than natives. As the probabilities of both transitions can be affected by characteristics of the initial status as well, the two transitions have been analysed separately. For the risk of losing a job, the segregation of immigrants in the secondary labour market seems to be the main reason of their penalization, but also the main reason of their advantage in job seeking, since their unemployment spells are shorter than those of natives, although at the cost of accepting worse working conditions. Analyses are based on the yearly transition matrices of Italian Labour Force Surveys, from 2005 to 2008.
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Minello, Alessandra, and Nicola Barban. "The Educational Expectations of Children of Immigrants in Italy." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 643, no. 1 (July 12, 2012): 78–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716212442666.
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In this article, the authors investigate the short-run educational expectations and long-term educational aspirations of the children of immigrants living in Italy and attending eighth grade. The authors look at educational ambition, both as a predictor of educational choice and as a measure of social integration. They consider both secondary-school track and university goals. Data come from the ITAGEN2 survey (2005–2006). First, the authors analyze the relationship of short-run expectations and long-term aspirations to structural (e.g., migration status and country of origin) and social (e.g., family socioeconomic status and friendship ties) conditions. The latter seem to be determinants of both expectations and aspirations, but long-term educational aspirations are not associated with migration status. Second, the authors investigate the relevance of context in delineating educational attitudes. The authors performed a multilevel analysis including both individual- and school-level variables. Their results show that attending a school where most of the Italian pupils have high educational expectations may lead children of immigrants to enhance their own aspirations.
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Quintano, Claudio, Paolo Mazzocchi, and Antonella Rocca. "Immigrants in the EU5 labour markets: what happened during the economic crisis?" International Journal of Manpower 41, no. 1 (September 11, 2019): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-07-2017-0161.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand: whether the changes that have occurred in migrants’ conditions over time are smaller than the differences in their conditions existing across countries; and whether the comparison between immigrants and native-born conditions allows the verification of the levels of disparities between them and, therefore, the relative disadvantage suffered by migrant. After a general overview of the 28 European Union countries, this paper analyses the changes that have occurred from 2006 to 2017 in the conditions of migrants in the labour market in the big five European countries (Italy, Spain, France, Germany and the UK). Design/methodology/approach Various statistical methodologies were used. First, to gain an overall picture, taking into account both the spatial and the temporal dimensions, dynamic factor analysis (DFA) was applied. Second, time-dependent and cross-sectional time-series models were estimated to better understand the DFA results. Findings The results highlight very different scenarios in terms of labour market vulnerabilities, both affecting immigrants and native-born workers. The results also highlight the existence of a very complex framework, due to the high heterogeneity of immigrants’ characteristics and labour market capacities to integrate migrants and also to promote good conditions for the native-born population. Originality/value The picture emerging from this study and the evaluation of the policies and legislation in force to cope with migration and to promote integration suggests some reflections on the most efficacious actions to take in order to improve migrants’ integration, counteracting social exclusion and promoting economic growth.
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Facchini, Carla. "Caring for non-self-sufficient older people in Italy: from a familistic system to the immigrant live-in careworker model." Ciências e Políticas Públicas / Public Sciences & Policies 6, no. 2 (December 2020): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2020.vvin2/pp.149-168.
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The aim of the article is to describe the specificities of the aging phenomenon in Italy and the social policies for non/self-sufficient elderly people, highlighting both the change from a model that relied heavily on a family system to a model based on co-resident immigrant workers to care for the elderly, and the contradictions of this new model. While in Italy the percentage of older people and very older is the highest in Europe, social policies for them involve a limited offer of home and residential services and widespread allowances. At the same time, in Italy, the rise of the aging population has been intertwined with the transformation of family structures, the increase of female employment, the lower capacity of families to take care of their non-self-sufficient relatives, and the improvement of older people’s economic conditions. Due to these changes, a new care model has been established in the past two decades, based on the employment of live-in caregivers, usually immigrant women, so-called ‘badanti’, who are hired and paid by the caretakers and their family. This model has led both caregivers and caretakers to experience a double dependency and a double solitude, which question its sustainability and the familistic nature of the system. This paper presents both demographic and economic data from institutional sources, and the regulatory framework on social policies, and, finally, the data that emerge from various research on immigration.
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Guarnizo, Luis Eduardo, Ali R. Chaudhary, and Ninna Nyberg Sørensen. "Migrants’ transnational political engagement in Spain and Italy." Migration Studies 7, no. 3 (October 31, 2017): 281–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnx061.
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AbstractInternational migrants’ cross-border political activities challenge singular notions of national citizenship and political belonging. Yet most sociological studies of migrants’ transnational political engagement are based on single national groups in the USA, and limit themselves to examining how assimilation and contexts of reception determine migrants’ propensity to engage with homeland politics—thereby under theorizing the influence of origin countries. This study moves beyond this approach by recognizing the multi-directionality of migration, and testing the applicability of existing theoretical approaches across two different origins and receiving contexts. We compare a sample of Colombian and Dominican migrants in Spain and Italy, analyzing how contexts in countries of origin, as well as migrants’ social networks across borders, interact with assimilation and contexts of reception to determine migrants’ political transnational engagement. Findings reveal migrants’ transnational political engagement in Spain and Italy appears to be a highly selective process dominated by a small minority of well-educated males from high social status in origin. Findings also suggest immigrant incorporation and transnational political engagement form a dialectical relationship operating at different scales that is simultaneously complementary and contradictory. Contextual conditions in origin countries explain observed much of variation in Colombian and Dominican migrants’ transnational political engagement.
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Vezzali, Loris, Gian Antonio Di Bernardo, Michèle D. Birtel, Sofia Stathi, and Marco Brambilla. "Outgroup morality perceptions mediate secondary transfer effects from direct and extended contact: Evidence from majority and minority group members." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 23, no. 7 (November 1, 2019): 1066–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430219879223.
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The secondary transfer effect (STE), defined as contact with a primary outgroup improving attitudes towards a secondary outgroup uninvolved in contact, has mainly been studied with reference to direct contact and considering attitude generalization as the main mediating mechanism. Using a majority (422 Italians) and minority (130 immigrants) adolescent sample from high schools in Italy, we examined outgroup morality perceptions as a new mediating mechanism, and tested for the first time whether the STE emerges for extended contact. Results revealed that the STE emerged for direct contact among the majority group and for extended contact among the minority group, and it was sequentially mediated by perceptions of morality towards the primary outgroup, and by attitudes towards the primary outgroup and perceptions of morality towards the secondary outgroup. The STE also emerged for direct contact among the minority group, with morality perceptions towards the secondary outgroup and attitudes towards the primary outgroup being parallel mediators. We discuss the theoretical implications of the findings, arguing that it is important to identify the conditions and underlying processes of the STE in order to reduce prejudice in the case of both majority and minority groups.
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YASYNSKA, Nadiia. "FINANCIAL INDICATORS OF INFLUENCE OF REMITTANCES OF LABOR MIGRANTS ON SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSEHOLD." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 2(55) (2018): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2018.02.123.
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Introduction. In the model of demographic transition and with the expansion of migration flows, the remittances of labor migrants tactically solve the problems of strengthening the socioeconomic status of households. Further studies are requiring questions of financial preconditions and consequences of the impact of remittances of labor migrants on the socioeconomic development of Ukrainian households. Purposelies in identify modern financial indicators that influence the personal decisions regarding remittances of labor migrants for the socio-economic development of the households they receive. Results. It has been determinedthe primary cause of the socioeconomic status of households about regarding the adoption of a decision on labor migration. The positive impact of remittances on the socio-economic behavior of households with labor migrants who make these transfers is determined in paper. There has been carried out a classification of financial factors that affect the movement of money from migrants to their households in Ukraine. It has been systematizedtheinformation on remittances through international payment systems and services of credit and bank institutions in Poland, Russia, the United States and Italy. The differences in the prerequisites of the financial behavior of immigrants are indicated in this paper. Conclusions. The impact of migration processes continues to grow, as under present conditions, migration mobility is one of the elements of the most dynamic process of development of productive forces, which is based on the material provision of households. Along with this, financial relations are developing dynamically, in which labor migrants take an active part. Infrastructure of the same financial market offers affordable services for ensuring the movement and liquidity of household finances. This allowed to distinguish financial indicators of identification and assessment of migratory flows from socio-economic, identify the root causes, evaluate them for the development of households and the state.
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Arici, Cecilia, Elena Ronda-Pérez, Tishad Tamhid, Katsiaryna Absekava, and Stefano Porru. "Occupational Health and Safety of Immigrant Workers in Italy and Spain: A Scoping Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22 (November 11, 2019): 4416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224416.
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The main aim of the present study was to summarize the available literature on the topic of occupational health and safety (OH&S) among immigrant workers (IMWs) in Italy and Spain. We conducted a scoping review, searching Medline, Social Sciences Citation Index, PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus, SciELO, and EMBASE for peer-reviewed articles, published in English, Italian, or Spanish, between 1999–2018. 34 studies were included, 28 with quantitative methodology and 6 with qualitative. Main findings were that, compared to natives, IMWs in Italy and Spain showed higher prevalence of low-skilled jobs and of perceived discrimination at work; higher physical demands, poorer environmental working conditions, and more exposure to occupational risks (e.g., ergonomic and psychosocial hazards); a greater risk of occupational injuries; worse general and mental health; and a plausible worsening of their health status, especially in Spain, as a result of the economic crisis. The findings of the present scoping review constitute warning signs that indicate the need for a holistic global response to ensure that adverse OH&S outcomes among IMWs workers are improved and that equitable access to health care is guaranteed. Such a response will require a concrete and evidence-based approach to prevent and monitor occupational risk factors and associated outcomes in the workplaces.
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Goffe, N., and I. Grishin. "Pandemic COVID-19 and Population Migration: Cases of Italy and Sweden." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 12 (2021): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-12-118-127.
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Having emerged in a global world with its high cross-border population mobility, the COVID‑19 pandemic could not but affect the basic characteristics of this process. Almost everywhere, partial or complete restrictions on movements between countries and within individual nations have been recognized as one of the most effective means of combating the spread of the infection. This resulted in a broad blocking of tourist flows and business trips, as well as in the increased difficulties of students studying abroad and the serious reduction of labour mobility. The problems associated with the need to regulate migration flows in emergency conditions are considered in the article using the example of two – at first glance different, but in fact clearly overlapping – country cases. The selection of Italy and Sweden is not accidental. These nations have demonstrated both similarities and differences in the objective circumstances and subjective factors that determined their chosen strategies to combat the pandemic and the priorities of their migration policies. The deep differences in socio-cultural traditions and the dissimilarity of these strategies between the two countries are reflected, in particular, in the divergent impact of COVID‑19 and its consequences on social cohesion, weakening it in Italy and strengthening it in Sweden. The increased relevance of the problem of migration in the mass consciousness that associated with the coronavirus pandemic is fraught with the emergence and spread of erroneous stereotypes, philistine phobias, and conspiracy theories. This explains the revival of the tendency to strengthen the role of anti-immigrant populist and nationalist parties and movements, which may lead to a corresponding change in the configuration and balance of political forces.
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Kuznetsov, A. V. "Economic Activities of African Migrants in Major EU Countries: New Approaches." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 13, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 6–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2020-13-1-1.
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The growing interest in migration issues in the EU has not affected the analysis of African migrants. The focus is on social and political issues, while the economic issues studied are primarily related to the assessment of the reasons for the arrival of Africans in the EU, the trajectory of their movement, as well as the scale of remittances to their homeland and the conditions for their return back to Africa. The article focuses on the main features of African migrants’ economic activity in the EU. Instead of the traditional consideration of only one or several diasporas in a single country or a generalized analysis of the entire EU, we compare the specifics of immigrants from different African countries in the 4 largest EU member states (including the UK, which left the integration project in 2020). Our article begins with a review of studies that contain information on the economic activities of migrants from African countries. Then, based on data from Eurostat and national statistics from Germany, France, Italy and the UK, the role of people from Africa in these countries population is shown. The reasons for the differences between these four countries in the dynamics and structure of immigration from Africa are explained. Statistics of refugees, naturalized persons over the past 10 years, foreign citizens and residents with migration past are considered. France is the leader in the number of migrants, mainly due to people from French-speaking countries of North and West Africa. Italy stands out because it is targeted by many illegal migrant routes due to its geographical proximity to this region. The UK has become a target mainly for residents of former British colonies who are quite successful in naturalization in the United Kingdom (therefore, there are as many Africans without local passports in the UK as in Germany – 0.6 million). Further, it is shown that the key factor for taking a particular economic position in society is the status of migrants, their education also plays an important role (although Africans often work in places where a lower level of qualification is required than they have), as well as language barriers. There are big gender differences. At the end of the article we make conclusions about the problems of African migrants’ adaptation, although the EU countries cannot refuse to employ migrants in unattractive jobs in any case.
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Ferrandino, Vittoria, and Valentina Sgro. "Italian Migration and Entrepreneurship’s Origins in the United States of America: A Business History Analysis from the Post Second World War Period to the Present Day." European Journal of Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/813dbe72f.
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The opening of international markets following World War II highlighted the differences between territories at regional and national level in terms of the attractiveness of economic activities, investment and human resources. In this context, an important aspect concerned the entrepreneurial process: businesses and entrepreneurs have played a leading role in the activation of the paths of economic growth on the product value, employment and international competitiveness. From this perspective, the study of entrepreneurial dynamics - who the entrepreneurs are, their formation, the path followed for the creation of the enterprise, socio-economic and institutional context in which they acted - becomes crucial to understand the influence of economic and social conditions in the countries of origin as well as the employment and market opportunities, infrastructures and attractiveness of the destination countries. From this point of view, the entrepreneurial path is linked to the migration process and requires a study to highlight the relationship between these two phenomena and their impacts on the development and territorial competitiveness. Starting from the analysis of the literature and researches available at national and international level, in this paper we present the first results of a quantitative and qualitative research at the Archives of the American Chamber of Commerce in Italy, as well as in other American economic institutions. The study aims to highlight the scale of the phenomenon in the Italian-Americans economic relations after World War II, the characteristics of firms with immigrant entrepreneurs, as well as the relationship between immigrant entrepreneurship and entrepreneur training. Even though the two authors share the article’s setting, please note that introduction and paragraph 1 are by Vittoria Ferrandino and paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 are by Valentina Sgro. Both of the authors wrote the conclusions.
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Mantovan, Claudia. "Bangladeshi immigrants’ self-organization and associationism in Venice (Italy)." Migration Letters 18, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v18i1.1063.
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In Italy, most of the studies on immigrants’ associationism and participation have concentrated on the more formal andstructured aspects. Little research has been done on forms of immigrant self-organization not oriented towards the society in the country of adoption. Drawing on these considerations, this article analyzes the self-organization of Bangladeshi residents in the municipality of Venice considering both their infra-political and their politico-organizational mobilization, seeking relationships between these two spheres of action, identifying transnational bonds, and dynamics linked to the social and political context of their home country. At the same time, the study considers the influence of other factors, such as the social, political and economic context found in the country of immigration (at both national and local level), and also the personal variables that can influence people’s participation, such as gender, generation, social class, amount of time spent in the adopted country, legal status, formal education, human capital, attitudes and personal projects in general.
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Simionescu, Mihaela. "Italexit and the Impact of Immigrants from Italy on the Italian Labor Market." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14010014.
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Considering the recent debates regarding Brexit and the potential negative effects of immigrants on Italian labor market, the main aim of this paper is to assess the impact of immigrants from Italy on the labor market of this country using econometric techniques. Based on these results, one answer regarding the potential exit of Italy from the EU (Italexit) because of the immigration issue is provided. According to a Johansen co-integration test, there was not any long-run relationship between the number of EU immigrants from Italy and the variation of unemployment rate in the period from 1990 to 2019. The estimations based on Bayesian ridge regressions indicated that the number of EU immigrants did not affect labor cost index in business economy, manufacturing or industry, construction and services in the period 2001–2019. The variation in employed immigrants from Italy in the period 2008–2019 depends on changes in risk of poverty or social exclusion, housing cost overburden rate, exports of goods and services, inflation and tax rate on low wage earners and adult participation in learning.
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Hipp, John R., and Adam Boessen. "Immigrants and Social Distance." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 641, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 192–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716211433180.
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This project studied the effect of immigrant in-mobility on the trajectory of socioeconomic change in neighborhoods. The authors suggest that immigrant inflows may impact neighborhoods due to the consequences of residential mobility and the extent to which these new residents differ from the current residents. The authors use Southern California over a nearly 50-year period (1960 to 2007) as a case study to explore the short- and long- term impact of these changes. The authors find no evidence that immigrant inflow has negative consequences for home values, unemployment, or vacancies over this long period of time. Instead, the authors find that a novel measure they develop—a general measure of social distance—is much better at explaining the change in the economic conditions of these neighborhoods. Tracts with higher levels of social distance experienced a larger increase in the vacancy rate over the decade. The effect of social distance on home values changed over the study period: whereas social distance decreased home values during the 1960s, this completely reversed into a positive effect by the 2000s.
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Scotto, Gaetano, Vincenzina Fazio, and Coppola Nicola. "Occult Hepatitis B Infection in Recent Immigrants to Italy: Occult B Infection in Immigrants." Journal of Community Health 45, no. 2 (September 25, 2019): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10900-019-00746-2.
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Devillanova, Carlo, Cinzia Colombo, Primo Garofolo, and Anna Spada. "Health care for undocumented immigrants during the early phase of the Covid-19 pandemic in Lombardy, Italy." European Journal of Public Health 30, no. 6 (October 29, 2020): 1186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa205.
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Abstract Despite concern on the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on undocumented immigrants, quantitative evidence on the issue is scant. We analyze socioeconomic and health conditions of 1590 undocumented immigrants in Milan, Lombardy, one of the regions with the highest COVID-19 clinical burden in the world that does not guarantee access to primary care for these individuals. We document a sharp reduction in visit number after lockdown, with 16% frequency of acute respiratory infections, compatible with COVID-19. Moreover, housing conditions make it difficult to implement public health measures. Results suggest the need to foster primary care by undocumented immigrants to face COVID-19 emergency.
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Hellman, Judith Adler. "IMMIGRANT ‘SPACE’ IN ITALY: WHEN AN EMIGRANT SENDING BECOMES AN IMMIGRANT RECEIVING SOCIETY." Modern Italy 2 (August 1997): 34–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532949708454777.
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This article examines the social and political responses to the new flow of immigrants to Italy from outside the European Union. First, the Italian experience is compared with the rest of Europe with respect to such questions as the characteristics of the immigrants themselves, and the response to them on the part of political parties, the church, the unions, and the state at local, regional and national levels. Next, broader comparisons are drawn between the Italian case and that of classic ‘societies of immigration’, particularly with regard to the structure of economic opportunity available to the extracomunitari in Italy.
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Rucci, P., A. Piazza, E. Perrone, I. Tarricone, R. Maisto, I. Donegani, V. Spigonardo, D. Berardi, M. P. Fantini, and A. Fioritti. "Disparities in mental health care provision to immigrants with severe mental illness in Italy." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 24, no. 4 (April 30, 2014): 342–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796014000250.
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Aim.To determine whether disparities exist in mental health care provision to immigrants and Italian citizens with severe mental illness in Bologna, Italy.Methods.Records of prevalent cases on 31/12/2010 with severe mental illness and ≥1 contact with Community Mental Health Centers in 2011 were extracted from the mental health information system. Logistic and Poisson regressions were carried out to estimate the probability of receiving rehabilitation, residential or inpatient care, the intensity of outpatient treatments and the duration of hospitalisations and residential care for immigrant patients compared to Italians, adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates.Results.The study population included 8602 Italian and 388 immigrant patients. Immigrants were significantly younger, more likely to be married and living with people other than their original family and had a shorter duration of contact with mental health services. The percentages of patients receiving psychosocial rehabilitation, admitted to hospital wards or to residential facilities were similar between Italians and immigrants. The number of interventions was higher for Italians. Admissions to acute wards or residential facilities were significantly longer for Italians. Moreover, immigrants received significantly more group rehabilitation interventions, while more social support individual interventions were provided to Italians.Conclusions.The probability of receiving any mental health intervention is similar between immigrants and Italians, but the number of interventions and the duration of admissions are lower for immigrants. Data from mental health information system should be integrated with qualitative data on unmet needs from the immigrants' perspective to inform mental health care programmes and policies.
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Treppete, Mariangela, and Michele Bertani. "Forgotten Women: Prostitution and Social Representations of Immigrants with Muslim Origin." Hawwa 2, no. 2 (2004): 210–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569208041514671.
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AbstractThis paper is an introduction containing general reflections on on-going research where the aim is to analyze how in Italy the prostitution of persons coming from countries with a Muslim religion or culture is organized. Given the newness of the subject, presenting a description of the work carried out so far seemed like a suitable starting point with this paper; only after all research has been completed will it be possible to attempt a more significant sociologically closer linked reflection.
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Bigot, Giulia, and Stefano Fella. "The Health Care System Framework for Female Immigrants in Italy." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 3, no. 3 (November 2007): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17479894200700023.
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Bortoletto, Nico, and Alessandro Porrovecchio. "SOCIAL INCLUSION THROUGH SPORTS. A SHORT COMPARISON OF ITALY AND FRANCE." Society Register 2, no. 1 (August 10, 2018): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sr.2018.2.1.03.
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The recent flow of immigrants to Italy and France, two countries that are the principal destinations after crossing the Mediterranean Sea, has turned out to be a complex and multidimensional problem to manage. Both France and Italy organised a complex method for welcoming and distributing the migrants around their territory as much as possible, hosting them in structures adapted or created for this purpose.On the Italian side, two main issues might be identified and analysed: on the one hand the humanitarian emergency of the reception of the migrants, on the other hand, the difficult processes of social integration/inclusion which were put in place. On the French side, these issues are linked to the managing of the risk of radicalisation, in a context in which the memory of the recent terrorist attacks remains vivid.In dealing with the management of the process of social integration/inclusion, sport has proven to be an important (although controversial) opportunity for social inclusion of young immigrants. Micro participatory action-research has highlighted the potential given by a shared cultural framework, such as that provided by the practice of sport. On the Italian side, these practices have not yet been institutionalised, while on the French side there is a more organic strategy, based on a longer standing tradition of using sport as a means of social inclusion.Starting from this premise about the situation of the two countries, we will propose a descriptive and theoretical comparison based on some case studies that we consider significant in terms of the French and Italian approach to social inclusion through sports.
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Ponomareva, O. O. "Phenomenon of Ukrainian immigrants in Italy from the perspective of social identity theory." Ukrainian Society 2011, no. 4 (December 30, 2011): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2011.04.067.
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Talewicz-Kwiatkowska, Joanna. "Roma Immigrants in Western Europe – the Example of France and Italy." Politeja 12, no. 8 (31/2) (December 31, 2015): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.12.2015.31_2.08.
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The expansion of the European Union and the accession of ten new EU member states in 2004, as well as the accession of Bulgaria and Romania in 2007, meant that the new borders of the EU came to encompass most of the Roma minorities living on the Old Continent. The Roma, as well as being the largest ethnic group in modern Europe, are also its most marginalised group. They have been and continue to be ostracised, excluded from society, and discriminated against on all possible social levels. I will focus on the mass exodus of the Roma to Western Europe, which was triggered by the accession of Bulgaria and Romania to the European Union. Thousands of new Roma emigrants moved to the West in search of a better life, without possessing jobs, health care or social insurance, living en masse in camps on the edge of towns and cities. The beginning of the global economic crisis in 2008 and this massive influx of Roma immigrants living in extreme poverty was an explosive mix which led to a deepening and intensification of Anti‑Roma feeling in Western Europe creating a radicalisation of policy concerning Roma.
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Avola, Maurizio, and Giorgio Piccitto. "Ethnic penalty and occupational mobility in the Italian labour market." Ethnicities 20, no. 6 (March 17, 2020): 1093–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796820909651.
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The article examines the occupational mobility of immigrants in Italy in a double perspective. First, this work compares immigrants and natives in order to understand whether, and to what extent, in a country characterized overall by low social mobility, natives and migrants have the same chances for improving their social position, or the latter are disadvantaged on an ethnic basis that affects their career (research question 1). Then, the article investigates what are the factors (referring to immigrants’ human capital, socio-cultural assimilation process and ethnic network) fostering occupational mobility among immigrants (research question 2). We conduct an ordinary least squares analysis on microdata from two retrospective cross-sectional surveys, for natives and migrants, with the same sample design, questionnaire structure and variable classification, thereby allowing the comparison of results. The empirical findings confirm that intra-generational occupational mobility in Italy is overall very limited but that geographical origin is a significant factor influencing upward mobility. Thus, the existence of an ethnic penalty is confirmed. Furthermore, among migrants, high human capital improves (short-range) upward mobility, while the socio-cultural assimilation process only partly leads to economic assimilation. Conversely, the recourse to the ethnic network acts as a trap in low-qualified occupational careers, hindering an improvement of socio-economic position.
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Mesch, Gustavo S. "Language Proficiency among New Immigrants: The Role of Human Capital and Societal Conditions." Sociological Perspectives 46, no. 1 (March 2003): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sop.2003.46.1.41.
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The attainment of language proficiency is an important issue in the economic, social, and political adjustment of new immigrants. This study investigated language proficiency and use among a sample of new immigrants from the former Soviet Union (FSU) in Israel. Past studies relied on an expanded human capital model that conceptualizes language proficiency attainment as a function of economic incentives, exposure, and ability. In this study I expanded the model and argued that factors present prior to migration, such as proactive motivation for migration and the social reaction of the local society to immigrants, influence the process as well. The hypothesis was tested in a sample of immigrants from the FSU in Israel. The findings supported the argument that societal attitudes to immigrants are an important factor in the understanding of language proficiency and use among immigrants. The findings and their implications are discussed.
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Di Mauro, Danilo, and Vincenzo Memoli. "Instrumental explanations of attitudes towards immigrants during the “refugee crisis”: Evidence from Italy." International Social Science Journal 71, no. 239-240 (February 12, 2021): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/issj.12259.
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Strel'tsova, Y. "Immigrants’ Integration under Conditions of Economic Crisis." World Economy and International Relations, no. 1 (2011): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2011-1-55-68.
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This article has considered the main trends of integration: economic one – “trough the work” and by means of social, educational, municipal and citizenship policy in European countries, first of all in France, and in Russia. The attention has been paid on contradictions, which are typical for searching an integration model in modern Russia. This article illustrates the main difficulties of immigrants’ adaptation in European countries, as a result of liberal migratory policy and multicultural model of newcomers’ integration.
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Qiu, Yuanfeng, Ge Meng, and Yongping Wei. "Factors influencing immigrants’ satisfaction in Danjiangkou Reservoir based on logistic regression model." Water Policy 18, no. 6 (August 31, 2016): 1384–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2016.255.
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Findings from a prospective study of project-induced migration along the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China are reported. The study seeks to identify the key factors influencing differences in immigrants’ satisfaction, from their own characteristics, family income, production conditions, living conditions, social conditions, resource conditions, and environment, using Danjiangkou Reservoir as the case study area. A questionnaire survey data with a large sample (1,031 immigrant households in the Danjiangkou Reservoir) was used for the logistic model. Analysis indicated that variables such as immigrants’ family income, as in ‘per capita net income’; immigrants’ production conditions, such as ‘quality of cultivated land’; immigrants’ living conditions, such as ‘infrastructure’; and immigrants’ social conditions, such as ‘the implementation of immigration policy’ in the case reservoir model are the most important factors that affect the immigrants’ satisfaction. The degree of importance of ‘per capita net income’, ‘quality of cultivated land’, ‘infrastructure’, and ‘the implementation of immigration policy’ was 14.8%, 16.0%, 9.2%, and 8.1%, respectively. Considering the practical implications of this research, identifying factors affecting immigrants’ satisfaction with the reservoir resettlement relocation experience could be useful for policymakers designing immigration programs.
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Albertini, Marco, and Michela Semprebon. "Caring for elderly parents: Perceived filial obligations among Maghrebine immigrants in Italy." Ethnicities 20, no. 6 (June 22, 2020): 1117–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796820932583.
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The migrant population in Southern European countries is aging. In the next future, long-term care needs of immigrant individuals will be a major issue in the evolution of social policies in these countries. In this context, it becomes important to examine what are the norms of filial obligations that govern the exchange of social support within migrant families. The study focuses on solidarity norms and support expectations among Mahgrebine immigrants living in Italy. It is shown that: i. intergenerational co-residence is seen as the best strategy to cope with the care need of elderly parents; ii. only a minority of respondents, especially those born in Italy or arrived before age 6, think that providing economic support or hiring a professional carer is a good solution. The importance of cultural and religious motivations at the basis of norms of filial obligations was explicitly, particularly as far as cohabitation is concerned. The majority of respondents held a gender-neutral view with respect to the sharing of responsibilities, although some gendered divisions emerged. Respondents who either were born in Italy or migrated before age six are considerably more likely to hold gender-neutral views on the division of informal care work.
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Mazza, Angelo, and Antonio Punzo. "Dealing with omitted answers in a survey on social integration of immigrants in Italy." Mathematical Population Studies 24, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 84–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2016.1271648.
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Falletti, E. "The Cultural Impact of Islamic Mass Immigration on the Italian Legal System." Journal of Law, Religion and State 6, no. 1 (March 6, 2018): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22124810-00601001.
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Although Italy is a country with a strong tradition of emigration, only in the last twenty- five years have Italians had to face new and pressing social, juridical and cultural problems related to a surge in immigration. The majority of immigrants during this period have been from areas steeped in with a Muslim majority such as Northern and Central Africa and the Middle East. The cultural encounter between the Italian Catholic tradition and the newcomers’ faith and customs has been very pronounced, and often problematic. The aim of this paper is to investigate the most relevant issues that arise from the interface between the cultural and legal aspects of Islamic culture pertaining to immigrants living in Italy with the Italian legal system. The areas considered are related to self-determination, personal integrity and family law, and were selected for their relevance to analyzing the impact of cultural differences on public policies and social behavior. The methodology used draws from both a comparative and a multidisciplinary approach.
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Silveira, Cássio, Nivaldo Carneiro Junior, Manoel Carlos Sampaio de Almeida Ribeiro, and Rita de Cássia Barradas Barata. "Living conditions and access to health services by Bolivian immigrants in the city of São Paulo, Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 29, no. 10 (October 2013): 2017–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00113212.
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Bolivian immigrants in Brazil experience serious social problems: precarious work conditions, lack of documents and insufficient access to health services. The study aimed to investigate inequalities in living conditions and access to health services among Bolivian immigrants living in the central area of São Paulo, Brazil, using a cross-sectional design and semi-structured interviews with 183 adults. According to the data, the immigrants tend to remain in Brazil, thus resulting in an aging process in the group. Per capita income increases the longer the immigrants stay in the country. The majority have secondary schooling. Work status does not vary according to time since arrival in Brazil. The immigrants work and live in garment sweatshops and speak their original languages. Social networks are based on ties with family and friends. Access to health services shows increasing inclusion in primary care. The authors conclude that the immigrants' social exclusion is decreasing due to greater access to documentation, work (although precarious), and the supply of health services from the public primary care system.
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Winders, Jamie. "Seeing Immigrants." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 641, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 58–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716211432281.
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Since the 1990s, immigrant settlement has expanded beyond gateway cities and transformed the social fabric of a growing number of American cities. In the process, it has raised new questions for urban and migration scholars. This article argues that immigration to new destinations provides an opportunity to sharpen understandings of the relationship between immigration and the urban by exploring it under new conditions. Through a discussion of immigrant settlement in Nashville, Tennessee, it identifies an overlooked precursor to immigrant incorporation—how cities see, or do not see, immigrants within the structure of local government. If immigrants are not institutionally visible to government or nongovernmental organizations, immigrant abilities to make claims to or on the city as urban residents are diminished. Through the combination of trends toward neighborhood-based urban governance and neoliberal streamlining across American cities, immigrants can become institutionally hard to find and, thus, plan for in the city.
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Kadzadej, Mustafa, and Kleviona Hoxha. "Albanian Diaspora in Greece in the years 1990-2000." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v1i2.p396-398.
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The reasons that prompted the Albanian exodus were numerous and varied. While if we take a look on its consequences will see that they have a dual nature. Among the positive aspects of exodus we can mention the fact that it helped Albania economically meeting the needs of a considerable part of the population in the moment of political and social crisis transition enabling the survival of many families. On the other hand it had a negative impact not only becouse of spending vital energies of the nation abroad, but also because it led to the formation of a bad opinion about Albanians, opinion spread almost all over Europe, especially where their presence was bigger. For this reason we got to study precisely the image of immigrant in two countries ( Italy and Greece ), where they have the largest flow of migration in 1990-2000. We should note that in recent years in both countryes in Italy and in Greece prevails the same closed mentality against foreigners. Also it is accompanied ( especially in Italy with the malfunctioning of the structure that handles issues of migratory movements, not like in the other states like Germany, England or France where, besides the small number of immigrants, there were laws and better functioning of the state that associated with emigration’s problems. On the other hand we can say that in this period, whether in Greece the fortunes of the Albanian immigrants depended from the relations of the Greek-Albanian state, in Italy they depend mainly on the behavior of immigrants.
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Benassi, David, Teresa Bertotti, Annamaria Campanini, and Paolo Rossi. "Social work and social workers in Italy." Trabajo Social Global-Global Social Work 11 (July 22, 2021): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/tsg-gsw.v11.20913.
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The article tackles the characteristics of social work in Italy, focusing on some specific features of this professional domain within the broader frame of the Italian welfare system. Indeed, given the historical roots of Italian welfare regime and the model of governance of policies, social assistance benefits and services are the less developed component of welfare provisions. This is one of the reasons for the late full acknowledgement and regulation of the social worker at the national level. In the first part of the article, we present the development of social work in Italy, with particular attention to the creation of academic courses and the formal regulation as a profession. Then we present the current situation of social work and social workers in Italy, taking into consideration the weakness of social assistance and the effects of the financial crisis. In fact, the crises had an impact on the dimensions and composition of vulnerable population, which is more and more large and fragmented, putting a growing pressure on social workers. At the same time, because fiscal austerity, resources for welfare benefits have been reduced in these years, changing the organizational settings and worsening the working conditions of social workers.
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Ambrosini, Maurizio. "Fighting discrimination and exclusion: Civil society and immigration policies in Italy." Migration Letters 10, no. 3 (September 5, 2013): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v10i3.130.
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Migration policies in recent years have turned to growing restrictions and tighter controls in most countries, not only at national level but often also at local level. But several actors from civil society have tried to counteract this trend, protesting, organizing advocacy actions, providing services and promoting networks. Italy is a case in point: from the beginning of the arrival of immigration flows in the ’80, the reception of the newcomers and the defence of their rights has been provided mainly by non-public actors: trade unions, voluntary associations, social movements, catholic institutions. In the last decade, Italian immigration policies have hardened, above all in the period 2008-2011, with the advent of a securitarian discourse. Many civil society organizations struggled against these policies. The article will present two case studies: 1) the Association “Avvocati per niente”, that defends the immigrants against local policies of exclusion; 2) NAGA and OSF, two Associations engaged in health care for irregular immigrants in Milan. The articles explore motivations, discourses, strategies, alliances and outcomes of their action.
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Degen, Daniel, Theresa Kuhn, and Wouter van der Brug. "Granting immigrants access to social benefits? How self-interest influences support for welfare state restrictiveness." Journal of European Social Policy 29, no. 2 (September 24, 2018): 148–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928718781293.
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In the context of large-scale migration within and into Europe, the question of whether and under which conditions immigrants should be granted access to social benefits in the country of destination is of high political relevance. A large body of research has studied natives’ attitudes towards giving immigrants access to the welfare state, while research on attitudes of immigrants themselves is scarce. Focusing on the impact of self-interest, we compare immigrants and native citizens in their attitudes towards granting immigrants access to the welfare state. We identify three mechanisms through which self-interest can influence these attitudes: immigrant origin, socio-economic status and – for first-generation immigrants only – incorporation into the host society. We test our expectations using cross-national data from the European Social Survey round 2008. The findings suggest that self-interest is indeed one of the factors that motivate attitudes towards welfare state restrictiveness among natives and immigrants, but also point at relevant exceptions to this pattern.
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YAMAN KENNEDY, Ezgi, Abdulhalim ÇELİK, and Muhammet Enes KAYAGİL. "Social Security Rights and Social Protection Policies of Migrant Workers in the Light of International Standards." Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences 21, no. 4 (October 19, 2022): 2426–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21547/jss.1183612.
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ABSTRACT
Migration is a phenomenon encountered in almost every period of human history. However, today it has become a global problem. In addition to economic reasons, it is seen that the number of people who migrate due to reasons such as war and disasters is increasing. Immigrants face various risks during and after the migration process. In some countries, migrant workers are perceived as cheap labor and are generally preferred in the informal sector. This causes migrant workers, who are already vulnerable, to be socially unprotected and in an insecure environment. With Covid-19, the fact that immigrants are at a higher risk of losing their jobs and social protection inadequacies forced them to live in more difficult conditions. This study aims to emphasize the importance of social protection and social security problems of immigrants, who are more vulnerable and vulnerable in socio-economic terms, and to offer suggestions for this. For this purpose, relevant international standards and country practices were among the topics discussed.
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MUNZ, SONJA, and MARTIN WERDING. "Public pensions and international migration: some clarifications and illustrative results." Journal of Pension Economics and Finance 4, no. 2 (July 2005): 181–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474747205001988.
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Immigration is often thought of as a measure suited to mitigate the fiscal consequences of demographic ageing for unfunded public pension schemes. Building on Sinn (1997), the paper explores in some more detail the conditions under which immigrants are a net fiscal asset for national pension budgets not only on a temporary basis – i.e., as long as they are paying contributions and before they start drawing benefits – but also in the long run. Illustrative simulations are provided for the cases of Germany, Italy, the UK, and the US. It turns out that the value of immigrants depends on the nature of the pension scheme (Bismarck vs Beveridge). Also, it is strongly affected by the immigrants' characteristics in terms of skills and fertility. Furthermore, effects differ substantially for the cases of temporary vs permanent migration.
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Kristen, Cornelia, and Julian Seuring. "Destination-language acquisition of recently arrived immigrants: Do refugees differ from other immigrants?" Journal for Educational Research Online 2021, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 128–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31244/jero.2021.01.05.
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This article describes new immigrants’ levels of destination-language proficiency shortly after taking up residence in Germany. The focus lies on a comparison of refugees from Syria with new arrivals from Italy, Poland, and Turkey, who came as economic immigrants, for family reasons, or as students. The theoretical account builds upon a well-established model of language acquisition, according to which language fluency is a function of exposure, efficiency, and incentives. The empirical study is based on data from the first wave of the ENTRA project (“Recent Immigration Processes and Early Integration Trajectories in Germany”) that covers about 4,600 young adults. The analyses reveal that most individuals improve their proficiency over time. Syrians’ experience a faster learning curve than those of other immigrant groups. The conditions identified as relevant to language fluency largely reflect the findings of previous studies. They indicate that language learning is a general process that, for the most part, does not differ across the four groups. Exposure is the major force driving language acquisition. There are also indications that certain kinds of exposure, such as attending language classes, are especially beneficial for individuals with lower resource endowments. In addition, Syrian refugees profit more than other new arrivals from increased levels of language exposure, such as from taking language courses, pursuing education or being active on the labor market.
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Quassoli, Fabio. "“Clandestino”." Discourse and politics of migration in Italy 12, no. 2 (August 2, 2012): 203–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.12.2.03qua.
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Over the last twenty years, the management of a series of complex questions raised by the growing presence of foreign immigrants in Italy has been carried out via the “invention” of specific social problems and their accompanying discourse categories. From its first appearance the term “clandestino” (or irregular immigrant) has assumed a dual significance as a concept widely adopted in public discourse and as the pillar of an ideology that comprises a very specific set of political positions regarding the management of immigration. Moreover, to the extent that the clandestino was interpreted as a threat or problem to be eliminated or solved, it very rapidly became a discursive and practical focal point for the institutions that play a crucial role in immigration management and control. Drawing on my research from late 1990s on immigration policies and control in Italy, I show how and to what extent some institutional everyday activities of the police have been reshaped by discourses and practice that focus on dealing with irregular immigrants. This reorganization contributed to generating a complex web of knowledge, discourses and practices that produced the essential vocabulary and the hegemonic frameworks for public debates about immigration in Italy. It also makes the need and urgency to cope with irregular immigration both a political centre of gravity and a basic strategy to reproduce social order.
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Wang, Zhiling. "The incompatibility of local economic prosperity and migrants’ social integration: evidence from the Netherlands." Annals of Regional Science 64, no. 1 (November 8, 2019): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-019-00953-8.
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Abstract This paper investigates the effects of the conditions of local labour markets on the social networks of immigrants, with an emphasis on co-ethnic contact and contact with people native to the locality. This study focuses on the case of immigrants in the Netherlands. For this case, I derived and empirically tested a job and residential search model. I found that a high job arrival rate and large wage differences between the ethnic labour market and the host labour market both correlate with immigrants developing stronger co-ethnic networks and weaker native networks as well as with immigrants choosing to live in more ethnically concentrated areas. These findings suggest that local economic prosperity does not necessarily beget social integration: in this case study, immigrants spontaneously assimilated less into the host society during a good economic period.
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Thi, Mai Le. "Social Capital, Migration, and Social Integration." GATR Global Journal of Business and Social Science Review (GJBSSR) Vol.6(1) Jan-Mar 2018 6, no. 1 (February 18, 2018): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609//gjbssr.2018.6.1(1).
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Objective - This paper focuses on exploring the ways in which social capital is utilised to promote the integration of Vietnamese women who married Taiwanese husbands into host families and the host. Methodology/Technique - Data was derived from a case study undertaken in 2014 on the Penghu Islands and in Taipei, Taiwan, with interviews and the observation of 31 people including Vietnamese women who married Taiwanese husbands, local people. Findings - Findings reveal the values and norms of responsibility of Vietnamese women in family that were educated themselves, have been practiced effectively by Vietnamese women married to Taiwanese husbands to integrate into their families. Research limitations/implications - The regulations and legal environment for immigrants have created favourable conditions for their integration into the host families. Traditional Vietnamese cooking skills are chosen by many Vietnamese women as a kind of social capital for their access to the Taiwanese job market. The social integration is reflected through social-economic, culture integration, and citizenship. Originality/value - It is hoped that study results will serve as the useful scientific basis for developing policies that promote the social integration of immigrants for the development of individuals and the social community. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Social Capital; Social Integration; Migration Marriage. JEL Classification: C31, O15
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Altomonte, Domenico. "Anti-Muslim hatred in Italy: A Glocal issue." Resurgence of Anti Islam in the World 23, Spring 2021 (June 10, 2021): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25253/99.2021232.2.
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The rise of far-right parties in Europe and harsh propaganda against immigrants and Muslims are primary sources for the development of anti-Islam stances and anti-Muslim hatred among the population. The lack of acknowledgment of Islam and Muslims by the Italian state allows its citizens to conceive an exclusionary populist discourse and a shared negative view that impedes the enforcement of the right to religious freedom. To go local may result as an attractive, though obliged, alternative, and the municipality, as the representative of the institution closest to citizenship, may then affirm its leadership role in ensuring social cohesion and the protection of the human rights of all its citizens, so that European democratic pluralism is translated into effective access to and enjoyment of fundamental rights.
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Domaneschi, Lorenzo. "Brand New Consumers: A Social Practice Approach to Young Immigrants Coping with Material Culture in Italy." Cultural Sociology 12, no. 4 (May 1, 2018): 499–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749975518768978.
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While the role of material culture in reproducing everyday routines and representations has been widely studied, only specific social groups – most of which are based in the US or Europe – have been studied qua ‘consumers’. This article draws on the heuristic potential of materiality for the analysis of consumption practices, and on Bourdieu’s theory of practice and notions of habitus and hysteresis, to explore what happens when immigrants bring their earlier dispositions to new social and material settings. Adopting the Bourdieusian notion of hysteresis, the article investigates the extent of creative adaptations enabled by the lagging of habitus. Findings from a two-year research project are presented, focusing on both verbal and visual representations of taste of a sample of young men and women of different national origins who have recently arrived in Italy. The article also discusses the potential of the photoelicitation technique in analysing social consumption practices and its overall contribution to studying the relationship between consumption practices and ethnic identification.
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Klokgieters, Silvia S., Theo G. van Tilburg, Dorly J. H. Deeg, and Martijn Huisman. "The Linkage Between Aging, Migration, and Resilience: Resilience in the Life of Older Turkish and Moroccan Immigrants." Journals of Gerontology: Series B 75, no. 5 (February 28, 2019): 1113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbz024.
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Abstract Objectives Older immigrants are affected by an accumulation of adversities related to migration and aging. This study investigates resilience in older immigrants by examining the resources they use to deal with these adversities in the course of their lives. Methods Data from 23 life-story interviews with Turkish and Moroccan immigrants aged 60–69 years living in the Netherlands. Results The circumstances under which individuals foster resilience coincide with four postmigration life stages: settling into the host society, maintaining settlement, restructuring life postretirement, and increasing dependency. Resources that promote resilience include education in the country of origin, dealing with language barriers, having two incomes, making life meaningful, strong social and community networks, and the ability to sustain a transnational lifestyle traveling back and forth to the country of origin. More resilient individuals invest in actively improving their life conditions and are good at accepting conditions that cannot be changed. Discussion The study illustrates a link between conditions across life stages, migration, and resilience. Resilient immigrants are better able to accumulate financial and social and other resources across life stages, whereas less resilient immigrants lose access to resources in different life stages.