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Journal articles on the topic 'Immigrant history'
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1
Dryburgh, Heather. "Social Structures and the Occupational Composition of Skilled Worker Immigrants to Canada." Canadian Studies in Population 32, no. 1 (December 31, 2005): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6kk6d.
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The individual decision to immigrate is made in the context of larger social structures that influence the composition of the economic immigrant population over time. Over the last 20 years, economic immigrants to Canada have faced changing selection policies, cycles of economic recession and growth, increased demand for information technology skills, women’s increased labour force participation and an aging labour force. Using data from Statistics Canada’s Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB), this paper examines the flow of economic immigrants to Canada by their occupational composition from 1980 to 2000. Relative to Canadians, when all immigrants from this period are grouped together, their economic integration is slow and does not reach parity with Canadians before 16 years. Among skilled worker immigrants, whereas the earlier cohorts did well but did not improve much over time, later cohorts started off in a relatively worse position, but early indications show a fairly steep slope to better relative average earnings. These differences support the need to examine immigrant integration by both the class of immigrant and the context at the time of immigration.
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Camatta Moreira, Nelson, and Andressa da Silva Freitas Branco. "O direito fundamental à cidadania e imigração: uma aproximação hermenêutica entre direito e literatura a partir da obra O fundamentalista relutante, de Mohsin Hamid." Revista do Instituto de Hermenêutica Jurídica 20, no. 31 (2022): 167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52028/rihj.v20i31.07.
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In the last ten years, the United Nations has identified an increase in migratory flows around the world. The number of displaced persons almost doubled. This is a consequence of several factors, such as globalization, the occurrence of wars, humanitarian crises, environmental disasters and hunger. However, some immigrants are considered more qualified. Even so, the immigrant cannot enjoy the rights granted to him from the exercise of citizenship in a broad sense. There are several reasons for this: from a poor acculturation to the occurrence of exceptional events, such as terrorist attacks. In this scenario, the book “The Reluctant Fundamentalist”, by Mohsin Hamid, portrays the story of a qualified immigrant, resident of the USA, who suffers from the effects after the attack on September 11, 2001. In addition to prejudices and accusations, the narrative also demonstrates how acculturation is fundamental in immigrant's welcome, evidencing that, according to Walter Benjamin’s theory. The immigrant composes the group of “Oppressed of History” and, as a consequence, becomes vulnerable, submitting to a permanent state of emergency. This theoretical bibliographic work aims to analyze, from the cited book, the contours of the immigrant’s citizenship, its role in history and its possible submission to a state of emergency.
3
Knight, Thomas Daniel. "Immigration, Identity, and Genealogy: A Case Study." Genealogy 3, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy3010001.
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This paper examines the life and experiences of a 19th-century immigrant from the British Isles to the United States and his family. It examines his reasons for immigrating, as well as his experiences after arrival. In this case, the immigrant chose to create a new identity for himself after immigration. Doing so both severed his ties with his birth family and left his American progeny without a clear sense of identity and heritage. The essay uses a variety of sources, including oral history and folklore, to investigate the immigrant’s origins and examine how this uncertainty shaped the family’s history in the 19th and 20th centuries. New methodologies centering on DNA analysis have recently offered insights into the family’s past. The essay ends by positing a birth identity for the family’s immigrant ancestor. Importantly, the family’s post-immigration experiences reveal that the immigrant and his descendants made a deliberate effort to retain aspects of their pre-immigration past across both time and distance. These actions underscore a growing body of literature on the limits of post-immigration assimilation by immigrants and their families, and indicate the value of genealogical study for analyzing the immigrant experience.
4
Wei, Kai, Daniel Jacobson López, and Shiyou Wu. "The Role of Language in Anti-Immigrant Prejudice: What Can We Learn from Immigrants’ Historical Experiences?" Social Sciences 8, no. 3 (March 11, 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8030093.
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Prejudice remains an unpleasant experience in immigrants’ everyday lives, especially for those of stigmatized groups. In the recurring struggle of various immigrant groups, historical and contemporary events reveal the important role of language in the creation, transmission, and perpetuation of anti-immigrant prejudice. Living in an anti-immigrant climate, immigrants are frequently exposed to stigmatizing language in both political and social discourse. This may be a more significant and frequent experience for immigrants since the beginning of the 2016 United States presidential election. Although it has long been understood that language is inextricably linked with prejudice, the investigation of the role of language in creating, transmitting, and perpetuating anti-immigrant prejudice remains undeveloped in social work research. This paper provides a theoretical explanation of anti-immigrant sentiment by discussing how stigmatization has allowed for immigrants to be subjected to various forms of prejudice throughout history. Building upon prior theoretical concepts of stigma, this paper argues that being an immigrant is a stigma. This paper reviews historical and contemporary cases of prejudice against immigrants to provide evidence for how stigmatizing language transmits and perpetuates anti-immigrant prejudice in the United States and building upon prior stigma theories, defines one’s status of an immigrant to be form of stigma itself. The paper concludes with a call for appreciable attention to the role of language in anti-immigrant prejudice and the need for social workers to advocate for immigrants within higher education and in our communities to reduce such stigma though social work practice, education and research.
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Castañeda, Ernesto. "Urban Contexts and Immigrant Organizations: Differences in New York, El Paso, Paris, and Barcelona." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 690, no. 1 (July 2020): 117–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716220938043.
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This article compares immigrant and ethnic organizations in four major immigrant-receiving cities and reveals substantial variation across these immigrant gateway cities. Using data from ethnographic fieldwork and an original database of relevant organizations in New York City; El Paso, Texas; Paris; and Barcelona, I find differences in organizational type and density, as well as in their legitimacy and funding. This article contributes to a growing literature on immigrant organizations. Although immigrant organizations have a long history in some cities, they may not always operate in ways that enhance refugee and migrant integration. Comparing immigrant organizations is fruitful because it tells us more about city and national political systems and why distinct localities deal with cultural minorities differently. These comparisons can help the readers to understand the barriers and ladders that immigrants encounter in different cities and inform policy-makers in designing better approaches to incorporate immigrants.
6
Gunter, Rachel Michelle. "Immigrant Declarants and Loyal American Women: How Suffragists Helped Redefine the Rights of Citizens." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 19, no. 4 (August 4, 2020): 591–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s153778142000033x.
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AbstractAs a result of the woman suffrage movement, citizenship and voting rights, though considered separate issues by the courts, became more intertwined in the mind of the average American. This interconnectedness was also a product of the concurrent movement to disfranchise immigrant declarant voters—immigrants who had filed their intention to become citizens but had not completed the naturalization process. This essay shows how suffragists pursued immigrant declarant disfranchisement as part of the woman suffrage movement, arguing that the same competitive political conditions that encouraged politicians to enfranchise primarily white, citizen women led them to disfranchise immigrant declarants. It analyzes suffragists’ arguments at both the state and national levels that voting was a right of citizens who had met their wartime obligations to the nation, and maintains that woman suffrage and the votes of white women who supported the measures disfranchising immigrant declarants and limiting immigrant rights should be included in historians’ understanding of the immigration restrictionist and nativist movements.
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Katz, Michael B., Mark J. Stern, and Jamie J. Fader. "The Mexican Immigration Debate." Social Science History 31, no. 2 (2007): 157–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013717.
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This article uses census microdata to address key issues in the Mexican immigration debate. First, we find striking parallels in the experiences of older and newer immigrant groups with substantial progress among second- and subsequent-generation immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and Mexican Americans. Second, we contradict a view of immigrant history that contends that early–twentieth–century immigrants from southern and eastern Europe found well–paying jobs in manufacturing that facilitated their ascent into the middle class. Both first and second generations remained predominantly working class until after World War II. Third, the erosion of the institutions that advanced earlier immigrant generations is harming the prospects of Mexican Americans. Fourth, the mobility experience of earlier immigrants and of Mexicans and Mexican Americans differed by gender, with a gender gap opening among Mexican Americans as women pioneered the path to white–collar and professional work. Fifth, public–sector and publicly funded employment has proved crucial to upward mobility, especially among women. The reliance on public employment, as contrasted to entrepreneurship, has been one factor setting the Mexican and African American experience apart from the economic history of most southern and eastern European groups as well as from the experiences of some other immigrant groups today.
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Bandelj, Nina, and Christopher W. Gibson. "Contextualizing Anti-Immigrant Attitudes of East Europeans." Review of European Studies 12, no. 3 (August 4, 2020): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v12n3p32.
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This paper article examines attitudes toward immigrants by analyzing data from the 2010 and 2016 waves of the EBRD’s Life in Transition Survey among respondents from 16 East European countries. Logistic regressions with clustered standard errors and country fixed effects show significantly higher anti-immigrant sentiments after the 2015 immigration pressures on the European Union borders compared with attitudes in 2010. Almost two thirds of the respondents agreed in 2016 that immigrants represented a burden on the state social services, even when the actual immigrant population in these countries was quite small. In addition, East Europeans expressed greater negative sentiments when the issue of immigration was framed as an economic problem—a burden on state social services—than as a cultural problem—having immigrants as neighbors. On the whole, these results point to the importance of contextualizing anti-immigrant attitudes and understanding the effect of external events and the framing of immigration-related survey questions.
9
Schrover, Marlou. "Rats, Rooms and Riots: Usage of Space by Immigrants in the Dutch Town Utrecht 1945–1970." Journal of Migration History 7, no. 3 (November 12, 2021): 244–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00703003.
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Abstract Immigrant access to space depended on the activities of local authorities, claim makers, journalists and firms. Together they shaped policies regarding immigrant housing, and more indirectly community formation. Local actors played a key role in migration governance, although they mostly did not work together. This article focusses on the Dutch town Utrecht, where housing was a major issue and immigrant housing was considered to be the worst in the Netherlands. When the number of immigrants was low, when employers arranged housing, and when the immigrants could be presented as much-needed workers, there were fewer protests. This article shows that immigrants lived where they were housed, where they could afford to, or were allowed to live, and only partly where they chose to live. Authorities attached value to the input of immigrant organisation, but most initiatives were for immigrants, rather than by immigrants.
10
Levi, Yael. ""Like Salt in Water": Toward a History of Jewish Immigrants' Suicide in Urban America, 1890–1910." Jewish Social Studies 28, no. 3 (September 2023): 31–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jewisocistud.28.3.02.
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Abstract: During the early twentieth century, suicide among Jewish immigrants in the United States was hardly uncommon. The American Yiddish press regularly reported on suicide cases, and Jewish public figures acknowledged the phenomenon's frequency. Uncovering this forgotten chapter in American Jewish history and drawing on immigrants' letters, reports from the Yiddish press, burial records, and autobiographies, this article explores patterns of despair and self-violence among eastern European Jewish immigrants and their reflections in the American Jewish press, specifically in Yiddish. It traces expressions of immigrant suffering and identifies patterns of cultural failure to revisit the emotional and cultural dynamics of east European Jewish immigration to the United States in the age of mass migration. By focusing on marginal cases in American Jewish history, this article highlights a broad cultural spectrum of immigrant experiences.
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Levi, Yael. ""Like Salt in Water": Toward a History of Jewish Immigrants' Suicide in Urban America, 1890–1910." Jewish Social Studies 28, no. 3 (September 2023): 31–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jss.2023.a910386.
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Abstract: During the early twentieth century, suicide among Jewish immigrants in the United States was hardly uncommon. The American Yiddish press regularly reported on suicide cases, and Jewish public figures acknowledged the phenomenon's frequency. Uncovering this forgotten chapter in American Jewish history and drawing on immigrants' letters, reports from the Yiddish press, burial records, and autobiographies, this article explores patterns of despair and self-violence among eastern European Jewish immigrants and their reflections in the American Jewish press, specifically in Yiddish. It traces expressions of immigrant suffering and identifies patterns of cultural failure to revisit the emotional and cultural dynamics of east European Jewish immigration to the United States in the age of mass migration. By focusing on marginal cases in American Jewish history, this article highlights a broad cultural spectrum of immigrant experiences.
12
Khudoyorov, N. M. "THE HISTORY OF “KULAK EXILE” AND THE ELIMINATION OF LABOR VILLAGES." History of the Homeland 93, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/1814-6961_2021_1_128.
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This article is devoted to the study of the process of the emancipation of the exiled people as “kulaks” from labor villages and elimination of such destinations. The paper provides detailed information on issuing passport for labor immigrants and their family members in the example of certain state farm immigrants. The peak period of exiling labor immigrants and their harsh living conditions in labor villages have been described. Most of the examples to provide data are obtained from state archives and books of experts on this subject. Besides, the research covers the issues of production activities of special resettlers in labor settlements established in Uzbekistan on the basis of primary sources and special literature as well. These works have kept detailed action of each “labor immigrant” and the records which provide appropriate information about who were these people in their past lives.
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NYAMBARA, PIUS S. "MADHERUKA AND SHANGWE: ETHNIC IDENTITIES AND THE CULTURE OF MODERNITY IN GOKWE, NORTHWESTERN ZIMBABWE, 1963–79." Journal of African History 43, no. 2 (July 2002): 287–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185370100809x.
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In colonial Southern Rhodesia, administrative officials often couched the rhetoric of ‘modernization’ in ethnic terms. They regarded immigrant Madheruka master farmers as the embodiment of modernization because they had been exposed to forces of modernization in their areas of origin, while both officials and immigrants alike regarded indigenous Shangwe as backward and primitive. This article argues that the construction of Madheruka and Shangwe ethnic identities dates primarily to the early 1960s, with the coming of immigrants and the introduction of cotton. Shangwe defined the immigrants as madheruka, a term whose origins lay in the eviction of the immigrants from crown land by colonial officials in the 1950s, while Madheruka termed the indigenous peoples shangwe, or backward. Each group perceived itself differently, however, Shangwe claiming that the term Shangwe referred to a place rather than to their ethnic identity and Madheruka claiming to belong to authentic Shona groups. The guerrilla war of the 1970s witnessed an attack on modernity as the guerrillas and their sympathizers regarded immigrant farmers as colonial collaborators.
14
Choi, Yoonjung, Jae Hoon Lim, and Sohyun An. "Marginalized Students’ Uneasy Learning: Korean Immigrant Students’ Experiences of Learning Social Studies." Social Studies Research and Practice 6, no. 3 (November 1, 2011): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-03-2011-b0001.
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This study explores how recent Korean immigrant students experience learning social studies and how their unique social, cultural, and educational backgrounds as new immigrants shape their experiences in American schools. Based on survey and in-depth interviews with 43 Korean immigrant students in two urban and three suburban/rural areas, this mixed methods study examines Korean immigrant youths’ perceptions about the nature of history and social studies as well as their experiences of learning social studies in their everyday classroom contexts. Our data analysis demonstrates that Korean immigrant students face varying difficulties in constructing meaning in US history and engaging themselves in social studies learning, which results in a negative learning experience and subsequent disinterest in social studies. Researchers identified three major challenges that Korean immigrant youths experience in their social studies classrooms: (1) Lack of English proficiency, background knowledge, and American patriotism, (2) White, American-centered perspectives and marginalization of their country of origin, and (3) Teachers’ lack of care and disengaging pedagogies. The findings of this study provide implications for creating more meaningful and culturally relevant social studies learning for immigrant students.
15
Gabaccia, Donna. "The Transplanted: Women and Family in Immigrant America." Social Science History 12, no. 3 (1988): 243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200018551.
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As any casual reader of John Bodnar’s major new synthesis, The Transplanted (1985), knows, the family is the central analytical concept in this work. Bodnar (1985: xvii) asks us to see immigrants’ adjustment to life in the United States in a new way—taking place at all “the points where immigrant families met the challenges of capitalism and modernity: the homeland, the neighborhood, the school, the workplace, the church, the family and the fraternal hall.” This represents a significant change—I would argue, an advance—over earlier studies which focused on the confrontation of ethnic groups with American society, on the interaction of modern and traditional cultures, or on the peculiarities of American class struggle (Handlin, 1951; Archdeacon, 1983; Cumbler, 1986).By focusing on small family units and a large economic system, Bodnar is able to escape from the confines of the case history, which has dominated immigration history since the late 1960s. Furthermore, he is able to focus quite properly on the considerable fragmentation that characterized most immigrant communities in the United States. Because small groups of immigrants responded to capitalism, they inevitably made differing decisions, both socially and ideologically; they also supported leaders with fundamentally conflicting views of the best interests and futures for immigrant communities. Bodnar’s immigrants, in other words, are human beings who make history, although never under conditions which they themselves determined. Furthermore, they are not isolated economist decision makers.
16
Leach, Belinda. "A clash of histories." Focaal 2008, no. 51 (June 1, 2008): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2008.510105.
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This article considers the confrontations between immigrant and non-immigrant workers in the workplace and the implications of these confrontations for workplace unity and class formation. Contributing to scholarship at the intersection of history, class, and migration, the article argues that workers bring to work histories that are constructed as oppositional. The roots of these oppositions lie in shared but different histories of dispossession and migration, masked by dominant cultural and class narratives, which privilege non-immigrant histories that are class-based, masculinist, and nationalist, and subordinate those of immigrants. In the process, neo-liberal agendas are bolstered. Questions of how such processes take place are important for understanding class formation within societies with large immigrant populations.
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Davies, Lisa C., and Robert S. McKelvey. "Emotional and Behavioural Problems and Competencies among Immigrant and Non-Immigrant Adolescents." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 5 (October 1998): 658–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679809113120.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare levels of emotional and behavioural problems and competencies among immigrant and non-immigrant adolescents, and to determine factors that may contribute to any differences reported. Method: Subjects were selected randomly from students aged 12-16 years attending a high school with a high proportion of immigrants in Perth, Western Australia. Parents completed the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), and students completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR) and a Personal History Questionnaire. Results: On univariate analyses, non-immigrant adolescents had significantly higher CBCL and YSR scores than immigrant adolescents. Multivariate analyses suggested that CBCL scores were predicted by a number of variables other than immigration, including family intactness, socioeconomic status (SES) and gender. Higher YSR scores were predicted by non-intact families, school setting and non-immigrant status, and higher competencies scores were predicted by higher SES and parents not being immigrants. Conclusions: In assessing the effects of immigration on adolescent mental health, it is important to control for factors associated with adolescent behavioural and emotional problems and to use multiple informants. Overall, immigrant adolescents report fewer total and externalising problems and fewer competencies than native-born adolescents. This finding may reflect strict immigration policies or cultural differences in definitions of psychopathology and the social expectations for adolescents' behaviour.
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Akano, Kimberly. "“That’s Jesus’s Intent, and That Was Our Intent Too!”: African Migration, Race, and US Missions." International Bulletin of Mission Research 47, no. 2 (April 2023): 180–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23969393221120508.
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In this essay, I analyze the intersection of African migration, race, and Christianity in the United States to highlight the 1960s as a pivotal moment of African immigrant influence on US missions. Rather than serving as pawns in a US-centric debate about race and missions, African immigrants were key players given their firsthand racialized encounters and their efforts to link racial discord in the US with US missions in Africa. By situating this discussion in the 1960s—a time before the emergence of formalized African immigrant churches—this essay illuminates a longer history of African immigrant influence on US Christianity.
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Tsu, Cecilia M. "Sex, Lies, and Agriculture: Reconstructing Japanese Immigrant Gender Relations in Rural California, 1900––1913." Pacific Historical Review 78, no. 2 (May 1, 2009): 171–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2009.78.2.171.
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This article argues that the conditions of Japanese immigrants' lives in rural California produced unstable gender relations and patterns of intra-ethnic conflict. Early twentieth-century inquest records of the Santa Clara County coroner reveal tensions stemming from gender imbalance, exacerbated by the difficulties of farm life, racial marginalization, and circumscribed economic opportunity. Immigrant men equated success in America and status among their compatriots with being economically viable farmers and supporting a family in America; some who could not achieve these goals resorted to violent behavior. Meanwhile, Japanese women encountered new options and freedoms in a predominantly male immigrant society but also found themselves battling new forms of aggression from their countrymen. The volatility of gender relations in this Japanese community highlights the disruptive effects of migration, as well as the process through which immigrant men and women negotiated new lives and identities in America.
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Lee, Alison Elizabeth, and María Eugenia D’Aubeterre Buznego. "The COVID-19 Pandemic, the Crisis of Care, and Mexican Immigrants in the United States." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 38, no. 1 (2022): 170–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.1.170.
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In the transition from Fordist to flexible accumulation in the last decades of the twentieth century, social reproduction was externalized onto families and communities. In the United States, this “crisis of care” was mitigated by the incorporation of illegalized Mexican immigrants’ low-cost reproductive labor in private and public services. From a feminist perspective on social reproduction and migration, we argue that the impacts of the COVID-19 economic crisis on Mexican immigrant communities were related to the specific ways that immigrants’ labor was incorporated into the circuits of social reproduction. Drawing on interviews with migrants from rural central Mexico in the United States, we analyze how immigrants absorbed the worst effects of the crisis by cheapening their labor, transferring unpaid reproductive labor to other household members, and engaging in informalized activities. Anti-immigrant policies exacerbated the precarious situations of undocumented immigrants and mixed-status Mexican families during the pandemic.
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Pedraza, Silvia. "Beyond Black and White." Social Science History 24, no. 4 (2000): 697–726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200012049.
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Research on immigrants and the eventual outcomes of immigration processes was at the very foundation of American sociology. But with the exception of a couple of studies on the Mexicans in the United States, such as Paul Taylor' (1932, 1934) monumental work on the life story of Mexican immigrant laborers in the Chicago and Calumet region during the late 1920s and early 1930s, Manuel Gamio' (1971 [1930], 1971 [1931]) anthropological studies of Mexican immigrants in the United States, and Edith Abbott'The Tenements of Chicago, 1908–1935(1936), Latinos were remarkably absent from such studies. Instead, these studies focused on the European immigrant experience and the experience of black Americans as newcomers to America' cities. Scholarship on Latinos (much lessbyLatinos) simply did not put down roots as early as scholarship on Afro-Americans. Perhaps this was partly due to the smaller size of the population back then, coupled with its being largely immigrant—composed of people who thought they would one day return to where they came from.
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Katzmann, Robert A. "When Legal Representation is Deficient: The Challenge of Immigration Cases for the Courts." Daedalus 143, no. 3 (July 2014): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00286.
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When the quality of lawyering is inadequate, courts are frustrated in their adjudicative role. Nowhere is this more apparent than in cases involving immigrants hoping to fend off deportation. As an appellate judge on a court whose immigration docket reached 40 percent of our caseload, I have too often seen deficient legal representation of immigrants. Although courts are reactive, resolving cases before them, judges can systematically promote the fair and effective administration of justice. With the aid of some outstanding legal talent, I created the Study Group on Immigrant Representation to help address the immigrant representation crisis. Our work has encompassed a variety of activities, including: publishing symposia; conducting studies documenting the enormity of the problem and proposing solutions; creating initiatives to expand pro bono representation; facilitating the first local government funding of direct immigrant legal services; creating legal orientation programs for immigrants; and developing the Immigrant Justice Corps, an innovative fellowship program. These initiatives represent some steps towards easing the crisis in immigrant legal representation.
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Tabellini, Marco. "Debunking Immigration Myths: A Review Essay of Streets of Gold: America’s Untold Story of Immigrant Success." Journal of Economic Literature 62, no. 2 (June 1, 2024): 739–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20231754.
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This essay reviews Streets of Gold: America’s Untold Story of Immigrant Success by Ran Abramitzky and Leah Boustan. This elegantly written book, whih is a must-read for anyone interested in the topic of immigration, walks the reader through a history of US immigration, examining patterns of immigrant assimilation from the mid-nineteenth century to today. The book challenges two myths about US immigration. First, it shows that historical European immigrants did not always arrive poor and quickly climb the economic and social ladder. Second, it documents that the pace of immigrant assimilation today resembles that prevailing at the turn of the twentieth century. (JEL J15, J18, K37, N31, N32, Z13)
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Hoffman, Beatrix. "Immigrant Sanctuary or Danger." Migration and Society 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arms.2021.040107.
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Hospitals have for centuries been considered safe havens for immigrants and people on the move. However, immigrants and migrants who seek health care have also been targeted for exclusion and deportation. This article discusses the history of how hospitals and health care facilities in the United States have acted both as sanctuaries and as sites of immigration enforcement. This debate came to a head in California in the 1970s, when conservatives began attacking local public health facilities’ informal sanctuary practices. Following the California battles, which culminated in Proposition 187 in 1994, immigrant rights movements have increasingly connected calls for sanctuary with demands for a right to health care.
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Cho, Grace M. "Disappearing Acts: An Immigrant History." Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies 18, no. 5 (October 16, 2017): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532708617734565.
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This piece is an experimental autoethnographic text that juxtaposes the author’s childhood experiences of growing up as a mixed-race Korean immigrant in a xenophobic small town in the United States with her mother’s dreams of migrating from Korea to America. The story of the family is contextualized within the history of the Korean War and postcolonial Korea and is based on several conversations the author had with her mother and aunt, in addition to her research on the Korean War and its aftermath. It reveals the many physical and symbolic disappearances in both the author’s family and Korean diaspora.
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Dribe, Martin, J. David Hacker, and Francesco Scalone. "Becoming American: Intermarriage during the Great Migration to the United States." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 49, no. 2 (August 2018): 189–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_01266.
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Although intermarriage is a common indicator of immigrant integration into host societies, most research has focused on how individual characteristics determine intermarriage. This study uses the 1910 ipums census sample to analyze how contextual factors affected intermarriage among European immigrants in the United States. Newly available, complete-count census microdata permit the construction of contextual measures at a much lower level of aggregation—the county—in this analysis than in previous studies. Our results confirm most findings in previous research relating to individual-level variables but also find important associations between contextual factors and marital outcomes. The relative size and sex ratio of an origin group, ethnic diversity, the share of the native-born white population, and the proportion of life that immigrants spent in the United State are all associated with exogamy. These patterns are highly similar across genders and immigrant generations.
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Flores, John H. "Deporting Dissidence." Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies 38, no. 1 (2013): 95–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/azt.2013.38.1.95.
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This essay examines Mexican immigrant political and labor activism in Chicago through the life of Refugio Roman Martinez, an organizer for the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) who was deported by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). Martinez’s history suggests that Mexican immigrant CIO members tended to be proud Mexican citizens motivated to join US unions by their understanding of the Mexican Revolution and rise of Mexican President Lazaro Cardenas (1934–1940). These Mexican immigrants campaigned for labor and immigration improvements and encouraged Mexicans to enter unions to attain equity; however, they concurrently rebuffed US naturalization as a means to achieve these ends. Indeed, Mexican immigrants fought for labor rights while rejecting US citizenship and did so in part because they were conscious of US hegemony and found it too intellectually problematic to become US citizens and to appeal to the US state for justice. As the United States entered the Cold War, immigrants paid a price for joining the US labor movement while retaining their foreign citizenship. From the Southwest to the Midwest, the INS disciplined immigrant labor leaders through deportation.
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Fox, Cybelle. "“The Line Must Be Drawn Somewhere”: The Rise of Legal Status Restrictions in State Welfare Policy in the 1970s." Studies in American Political Development 33, no. 02 (September 25, 2019): 275–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x19000129.
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In 1971, Governor Ronald Reagan signed into law a measure barring unauthorized immigrants from public assistance. The following year, New York State legislators passed a bill to do the same, although that bill was vetoed by Governor Nelson Rockefeller. This article examines these cases to better understand why states that had long provided welfare to unauthorized immigrants each sought to bar them from public assistance. Common explanations for the curtailment of immigrant social rights often center on partisan politics, popular nativism, demographic context, or issue entrepreneurs. But these studies often wrongly assume that efforts to limit immigrant social rights began in the 1990s. Therefore, they miss how such efforts first emerged in the 1970s, and how these restrictive measures were initially closely bound up in broader debates over race and welfare that followed in the wake of the War on Poverty and the civil rights movement. Where scholars often argue that immigration undermines support for welfare, I show how the turn against welfare helped to undermine immigrant social rights. I also show how differing interpretations of the scope and reach of Supreme Court decisions traditionally seen as victories for welfare and immigrant rights help explain initial variation in policy outcomes in each state.
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Sanders, Laurel, and Elizabeth Heineman. "German Iowa and the Global Midwest." Public Historian 42, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 98–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2020.42.1.98.
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From statehood until the 1970 census, Germans constituted Iowa’s largest immigrant group, and the same was true throughout much of the Midwest. “German Iowa and the Global Midwest” explored the story of German immigration, German American communities, and anti-German xenophobia in Iowa and the Midwest. Originally conceived to coincide with the hundredth anniversary of the United States’ entry to World War I and attendant actions against German Americans, the project was intended to spark discussion about immigration and anti-immigrant sentiment today. The xenophobia of the 2016 presidential campaign and the early stages of the Trump presidency made these discussions yet timelier—while also deepening the risks of a counter-narrative heroizing earlier generations of European immigrants as a foil to negative portrayals of more recent immigrants from other locations.
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Hanciles, Jehu J. "Migrants as Missionaries, Missionaries as Outsiders: Reflections on African Christian Presence in Western Societies." Mission Studies 30, no. 1 (2013): 64–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341258.
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Abstract This paper makes the case that human migration has played a vital and transformational role in the development and expansion of the Christian movement throughout its history. But it mainly focuses on the unprecedented rise of global migratory flows in the last four to five decades to explicate this link. According to recent data, Christians account for almost half of all international migrants. This, combined with the predominance of south-north migration, explains the remarkable rise of immigrant Christian churches (or communities) in many Western societies. While many of these immigrant Christian communities and their pastors exhibit strong missionary consciousness and commitment, they encounter formidable challenges in the area of cross-cultural outreach. These stem from complex factors, including racial rejection, widespread anti-immigrant sentiments, and aggressive secularism. But this paper argues that perhaps the most significant obstacle stems from the disengagement and rejection that Christian immigrants experience in their encounter with homegrown churches. A brief examination of the key link between human migration and biblical faith is used as a basis for reflections on the challenges that confront African immigrant churches in Western societies. Five such challenges are highlighted and biblical insights (from Acts 6) are presented.
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De Jong, Gordon F., and Deborah Roempke Graefe. "Immigrant redistribution and life course trigger events: Evidence from US interstate migration." Migration Letters 5, no. 2 (October 1, 2008): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v5i2.48.
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Our focus in this paper is on the impact of life course trigger events demonstrates that the life course theoretical perspective provides relevant explanations for immigrant interstate relocation decisions in the United States (US). Utilizing longitudinal individual- and family-level migration, human capital, and life course transition data from the 1996-1999 and 2001-2003 panels of the Survey of Income and Program Participation, integrated with state economic conditions and immigrant co-ethnic population concentration data, we apply a discrete-time event history approach to estimate departure relocation decision models for immigrants. The results provide evidence that family life course trigger events exert independent and more robust effects on the redistribution of immigrants than alternative individual and family-level human capital explanations.
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Stockemer, Daniel, Arne Niemann, Doris Unger, and Johanna Speyer. "The “Refugee Crisis,” Immigration Attitudes, and Euroscepticism." International Migration Review 54, no. 3 (October 23, 2019): 883–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197918319879926.
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Between 2015 and 2017, the European Union (EU) was confronted with a major crisis in its history, the so-called “European refugee crisis.” Since the multifaceted crisis has provoked many different responses, it is also likely to have influenced individuals’ assessments of immigrants and European integration. Using data from three waves of the European Social Survey (ESS) — the wave before the crisis in 2012, the wave at the beginning of the crisis in 2014, and the wave right after the (perceived) height of the crisis in 2016 — we test the degree to which the European refugee crisis increased Europeans’ anti-immigrant sentiment and Euroscepticism, as well as the influence of Europeans’ anti-immigrant attitudes on their level of Euroscepticism. As suggested by prior research, our results indicate that there is indeed a consistent and solid relationship between more critical attitudes toward immigrants and increased Euroscepticism. Surprisingly, however, we find that the crisis increased neither anti-immigrant sentiments nor critical attitudes toward the EU and did not reinforce the link between rejection of immigrants and rejection of the EU. These findings imply that even under a strong external shock, fundamental political attitudes remain constant.
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Topa, Joana, and Carla Cerqueira. "The Trajectories That Remain to Be Told: Civic Participation, Immigrant Organizations, and Women’s Leadership in Portugal." Social Sciences 12, no. 12 (November 30, 2023): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12120665.
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This study focuses on migrant women and their civic participation in civil society organizations and/or immigrant associations. Despite women’s migration having a long global history and being of academic interest, extensive knowledge of this situation has increased substantially in recent decades; research on the civic participation of immigrant women in Portugal is still incipient. The structural conditions affecting these women’s mobility processes remain overlooked, concealing their vulnerabilities. Additionally, success stories of migrant women, which could serve as inspirations for others, are often invisible. This exploratory research examines the role of female immigrant leaders and the demands they face in facilitating immigrants’ integration into Portuguese society. Eight qualitative interviews were conducted with diverse immigrant organizations in Portugal, advocating for immigrant rights and promoting integration through various strategies. The results reveal that migrant women’s experiences and participation in leadership roles are shaped not only by their migrant background and their qualifications but also by the difficulties they encountered upon arrival in Portugal. These leaders tend to focus on constraints, particularly regarding the organization’s sustainability, rather than emphasizing opportunities for civic participation. Nevertheless, this study also reveals that participation in IOs leads to increased autonomy and a heightened sense of empowerment for these women. It grants them a voice, visibility, and recognition both in the host society and their own communities. Overall, the study sheds light on the significance of recognizing immigrant women’s contributions and challenges, as well as the crucial role played by immigrant organizations in promoting integration and advocating for immigrants’ rights in Portugal. It also emphasizes the need for the government to financially support these organizations.
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Lim, Grace YX, and Michael TH Wong. "Migration and psychosis in acute inpatient psychiatry." Australasian Psychiatry 24, no. 6 (July 10, 2016): 548–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856216649772.
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Objective: We investigated the role of biological and psychosocial risk factors in the development of psychotic disorders with regards to immigrant status. Our hypothesis was that biological risk factors are more predictive of psychosis in non-immigrants, whereas psychosocial risk factors play a bigger role in immigrants. Method: A retrospective audit of admissions between December 2013 and June 2014 in an Australian adult inpatient unit was conducted, focussing on patients with psychotic disorders. We analysed the association between immigrant status, and biological and psychosocial variables. Results: For biological risk factors, non-immigrants had significantly more family history of psychotic disorders ( p = 0.021), illicit drug use ( p = < 0.001) and alcohol use ( p = < 0.001). For psychosocial risk factors, immigrants were more likely to have experienced a traumatic event ( p = 0.022). With regards to age of index presentation, age at onset of psychotic disorder, proportion of males and dysfunctional family background, there was no significant difference. Conclusion: Retrospective data in this report suggests that the development of psychotic disorders in immigrants and non-immigrants may be different.
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Dribe, Martin, J. David Hacker, and Francesco Scalone. "Immigration and Child Mortality: Lessons from the United States at the Turn of the Twentieth Century." Social Science History 44, no. 1 (2020): 57–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2019.42.
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ABSTRACTThe societal integration of immigrants is a great concern in many of today’s Western societies, and has been so for a long time. Whether we look at Europe in 2015 or the United States at the turn of the twentieth century, large flows of immigrants pose challenges to receiving societies. While much research has focused on the socioeconomic integration of immigrants there has been less interest in their demographic integration, even though this can tell us as much about the way immigrants fare in their new home country. In this article we study the disparities in infant and child mortality across nativity groups and generations, using new, high-density census data. In addition to describing differentials and trends in child mortality among 14 immigrant groups relative to the native-born white population of native parentage, we focus special attention on the association between child mortality, immigrant assimilation, and the community-level context of where immigrants lived. Our findings indicate substantial nativity differences in child mortality, but also that factors related to the societal integration of immigrants explains a substantial part of these differentials. Our results also point to the importance of spatial patterns and contextual variables in understanding nativity differentials in child mortality.
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Ostergaard, Liv Stubbe, Helle Wallach-Kildemoes, Marie H. Thøgersen, Ulrik B. Dragsted, Annemette Oxholm, Ole Hartling, and Marie Norredam. "Prevalence of torture and trauma history among immigrants in primary care in Denmark: do general practitioners ask?" European Journal of Public Health 30, no. 6 (August 25, 2020): 1163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa138.
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Abstract Background Torture survivors typically present with varied and complex symptoms, which may challenge assessment by general practitioners (GPs). This study explored the prevalence of torture and trauma history among immigrants born in non-Western countries presenting to GPs in Denmark and the extent to which GPs ask this population about torture or trauma history. Methods Based on a self-reported questionnaire among non-western immigrant patients, we used bivariate analyses to determine the prevalence of torture and trauma history and the proportion of patients being asked by their GP about this. Data were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. Results From 46 GP clinics, 300 questionnaires were finalized by immigrant patients. Twenty-eight percent of the patients had a history of torture. Of these, significantly more were men (70%) than women (29%). About half of the torture survivors (55%) had been asked by their GP about torture history. The odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence interval) for being asked about torture history by the GP was 1.28 (0.46–3.53) among women compared with men. Compared with Southeast Europe, OR for being a torture survivor among male immigrants from Middle East-North African region and South and East Asia was 1.83 (0.81–4.15) and 0.25 (0.08–0.82), respectively. Conclusions Our results suggest that torture and trauma are widespread among immigrants presenting to GPs. In our study, the GPs had managed to detect half of the torture survivors. A more systematic approach to detection in General Practice is advisable, and more knowledge on how and when to ask is needed.
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Edmonston, Barry, and Sharon M. Lee. "Immigrants’ Transition to Homeownership, 1991 to 2006." Canadian Studies in Population 40, no. 1-2 (May 24, 2013): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p63k7f.
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Using a lifecourse perspective and a double-cohort model, we analyze 1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006 census data to ask if immigrants are less likely to be homeowners than the Canadian-born, and whether recent immigrants are less likely to own homes than earlier immigrant cohorts. While descriptive findings suggest that immigrants, particularly recent arrivals, have lower homeownership rates than the Canadian-born, multivariate results qualify this impression. The double-cohort model with additional variables shows that immigrants’ transition to homeownership does not differ from those of the Canadian-born. Recent arrivals do begin at lower levels of homeownership, but they rapidly transition to homeownership.
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Hussain, Mohammad. "Immigration, Identité, et Interculturalité Dans"Les Désorientés" et "Les Identités Meurtrières" D'Amin Maalouf." Kufa Journal of Arts 1, no. 46 (August 8, 2021): 785–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.36317/kaj/2021/v1.i46.679.
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This study deals with the problem of migration, identity and acculturation. The immigrant - the Arab in particular, since the study is limited to the novel "The Drifters" and the book "Killer Identities" by Amin Maalouf, the Lebanese writer residing in France - carries a cultural heritage different from the cultural reality of the host or receiving country. Introverting and closing in on the original identity leads the immigrant to the abyss of marginalization and isolation, and even to loss. A closed identity finds no place in an environment built on diversity and openness. We must believe in and adopt a complex and open identity that respects the other and integrates into his constructive culture without renouncing the mother country and its culture. Whoever integrates into another culture disguising his culture becomes a human being who is rooted and without history. The solution to the problem lies in the process of acculturation through the immigrant's respect for the culture of the host country and adding something to it, and through society's respect for the immigrant's culture and integrating it into it. Here, language plays a key role in building bridges of understanding between the immigrant and the immigrant community.
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Hu, Sha. "Analysis of the Development for the Canadian French Children’s Literature." Journal of Social Science and Humanities 6, no. 7 (July 28, 2024): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.53469/jssh.2024.06(07).12.
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Canada is an immigrant country, with early settlers from England and France. Over time, people from various countries have continued to immigrate, forming different ethnic enclaves. Canadian French literature mainly refers to literature from Quebec, which is densely populated by French-speaking immigrants. Before French children’s literature emerged, children mainly read reprints of French literature. After World War I, french children’s literature in Canada began to emerge. Even though this type of literature has a short history, there is now a wide range of high-quality works, reflecting social, educational, and literary values. This paper will trace the development of Canadian french children’s literature against the backdrop of Canada’s historical development, and analyze the characteristics and influence of Canadian children’s literature.
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Reimers, David M., and Reed Ueda. "Postwar Immigrant America: A Social History." Journal of American History 82, no. 1 (June 1995): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2082129.
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Campbell, Ballard C., and Reed Ueda. "Postwar Immigrant America: A Social History." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 26, no. 3 (1996): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/206080.
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Panayi, Panikos. "The Immigrant Experience in London's History." London Journal 14, no. 1 (May 1989): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/ldn.1989.14.1.71.
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Mirabal, Nancy Raquel. "A History of Latinx Immigrant Activism." Labor 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15476715-8643568.
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Tamura, Eileen. "Ueda, Immigrant America - A Social History." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 22, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.22.1.49.
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Postwar Immigrant America, which is part of the Bedford Series in History and Culture, provides the reader with a global understanding of a vital aspect of American history, one that makes the United States unique among nations of the world. More than any other country, the United States has played a distinctive role as destination for the millions of emigrants who, for one reason or another, have sought new lives in a place far from home. From 1820 to 1930, the United States received 61 percent of the world's emigrants, not only more than any other nation, but also more than the total of all other nations.
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La’da, Csaba A. "Towards a History of Immigration to Hellenistic Egypt: The Contribution of Ethnic Designations to Research." Archiv für Papyrusforschung und verwandte Gebiete 66, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 45–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/apf-2020-0005.
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AbstractThis study argues that ethnic designations in the documentary sources constitute our best evidence for immigration to Hellenistic Egypt, for the ethnic composition of the population and for the relative proportions of the different immigrant groups in relation to each other. Ethnic designations indicate that Hellenistic Egypt became ethnically diverse and that a substantial proportion of immigrants arrived from outside the Graeco-Macedonian world.
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Phung, Ryan, Jessy Burns, Mara Fridell, Ana Hanlon-Dearman, Stefanie Narvey, and M. Florencia Ricci. "23 Association between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Parental Immigration among a Cohort of Preschool Children in Manitoba." Paediatrics & Child Health 28, Supplement_1 (September 1, 2023): e10-e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxad055.023.
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Abstract Background Recent data indicate that rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are increasing and therefore, studies exploring risk factors for ASD that can further support early diagnosis and intervention are needed. A link between immigration and autism has been made by several international studies, but despite high rates of immigration, a Canadian study examining this association has not been conducted. Objectives To determine the proportion of children diagnosed with ASD at Manitoba’s primary autism referral site (the only publicly funded site for ASD evaluation of children <6 years of age) that were born to immigrant parents, and compare it with the known proportion of immigrants in Manitoba. Also, to compare demographic and clinical characteristics of children whose parents are immigrants with those whose parents were born in Canada. Design/Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of >2000 electronic records that identified all children <6 years diagnosed with ASD at the referral site between May 2016 and September 2021. Data on parental immigration, demographics, diagnostic evaluation, and medical history was collected. Descriptive statistics were used to compare the relative proportion of children with ASD from immigrant parents with the proportion of immigrants in Manitoba based on 2016 census data. Results A total of 1865 children were diagnosed with ASD during the study period. The mean age at referral and diagnosis was 2.81 (SD 1.26) years and 3.88 (SD 2.90) years respectively; 78% were male and 13.5% were born preterm. The proportion of children with ASD from immigrant parents (36%) was greater than the expected proportion (18.3%) of immigrants based on Manitoba census data (p < 0.001). The most common countries of origin of immigration were the Philippines (30.7%), India (11.6%), Nigeria (8.6%), and Ethiopia (6.4%). Overall, children of immigrants were younger at referral (2.71 years, SD = 0.98 versus 2.91 years, SD = 1.43; p <0.001), less likely to have a family history of ASD (17.1% versus 35.6%; p = <0.001) and less likely to have comorbidities (46.8% versus 53.9%; p <0.001) including global developmental delay (18% versus 27.6%; p <0.001). Conclusion At Manitoba’s primary autism referral site, there was a greater proportion of children diagnosed with ASD born to immigrant parents than expected when compared to the Manitoba population. Overall, children of immigrants were younger, less likely to have comorbidities, developmental delay, and a family history of ASD. Future prospective studies are required to better understand the complex relationship between immigration and ASD diagnosis.
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Etowa, Josephine, Ilene Hyman, Charles Dabone, Ikenna Mbagwu, Bishwajit Ghose, Yujiro Sano, Muna Osman, and Hindia Mohamoud. "Strengthening the Collection and Use of Disaggregated Data to Understand and Monitor the Risk and Burden of COVID-19 Among Racialized Populations." Canadian Studies in Population 48, no. 2-3 (September 2021): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42650-021-00050-2.
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AbstractThere is growing evidence that the risk and burden of COVID-19 infections are not equally distributed across population subgroups and that racialized communities are experiencing disproportionately higher morbidity and mortality rates. However, due to the absence of large-scale race-based data, it is impossible to measure the extent to which immigrant and racialized communities are experiencing the pandemic and the impact of measures taken (or not) to mitigate these impacts, especially at a local level. To address this issue, the Ottawa Local Immigration Partnership partnered with the Collaborative Critical Research for Equity and Transformation in Health lab at the University of Ottawa and the Canadians of African Descent Health Organization to implement a project to build local organizational capacities to understand, monitor, and mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immigrant and racialized populations. This research note describes the working framework used for this project, proposed indicators for measuring the determinants of health among immigrant and racialized populations, and the data gaps we encountered. Recommendations are made to policymakers, and community and health stakeholders at all levels on how to collect and use data to address COVID-19 health inequities, including data collection strategies aimed at community engagement in the collection of disaggregated data, improving methods for collecting and analyzing data on immigrants and racialized groups and policies to enable and enhance data disaggregation.RésuméDes plus en plus d’études montrent que le risque et le fardeau des infections à la COVID-19 ne sont pas également répartis dans la population et que les communautés racialisées connaissent des taux de morbidité et de mortalité disproportionnellement plus élevés. Cependant, en raison de l’absence de données ventilés selon le statut ethnique, il est impossible de mesurer comment les communautés immigrantes et racialisées vivent la pandémie et quel est l’impact des mesures prises (ou non) pour atténuer ces effets, surtout à un niveau local. Pour résoudre ce problème, le Partenariat local pour l’immigration d’Ottawa (PLIO) s’est associé au Laboratoire de recherche critique collaborative pour l’équité et la transformation en santé (CO-CREATH) de l’Université d’Ottawa et l’Organisation de la santé des Canadiens d’ascendance africaine (CADHO) aux fins de mettre en œuvre un projet visant à renforcer les capacités organisationnelles locales pour comprendre, surveiller et atténuer l’impact de la pandémie de la COVID-19 sur les populations immigrantes et racialisées. Cette note de recherche décrit le cadre de travail utilisé pour ce projet, les indicateurs proposés pour mesurer les déterminants de la santé chez les populations immigrantes et racialisées, et les lacunes que nous avons identifiés dans les données existants. Des recommandations sont faites aux décideurs politiques et aux acteurs communautaires et de la santé à tous les niveaux sur comment collecter et utiliser les données pour remédier aux inégalités en matière de santé liées à la COVID-19. Ces recommandations font référence aux stratégies de collecte de données visant à impliquer les communautés, à l’amélioration des méthodes de collecte et d’analyse des données sur les immigrants et les groupes racialisés, et aux politiques nécessaires pour permettre et améliorer la désagrégation des données selon le statut ethnique.
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Etowa, Josephine, Ilene Hyman, Charles Dabone, Ikenna Mbagwu, Bishwajit Ghose, Yujiro Sano, Muna Osman, and Hindia Mohamoud. "Strengthening the Collection and Use of Disaggregated Data to Understand and Monitor the Risk and Burden of COVID-19 Among Racialized Populations." Canadian Studies in Population 48, no. 2-3 (September 2021): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42650-021-00050-2.
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AbstractThere is growing evidence that the risk and burden of COVID-19 infections are not equally distributed across population subgroups and that racialized communities are experiencing disproportionately higher morbidity and mortality rates. However, due to the absence of large-scale race-based data, it is impossible to measure the extent to which immigrant and racialized communities are experiencing the pandemic and the impact of measures taken (or not) to mitigate these impacts, especially at a local level. To address this issue, the Ottawa Local Immigration Partnership partnered with the Collaborative Critical Research for Equity and Transformation in Health lab at the University of Ottawa and the Canadians of African Descent Health Organization to implement a project to build local organizational capacities to understand, monitor, and mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immigrant and racialized populations. This research note describes the working framework used for this project, proposed indicators for measuring the determinants of health among immigrant and racialized populations, and the data gaps we encountered. Recommendations are made to policymakers, and community and health stakeholders at all levels on how to collect and use data to address COVID-19 health inequities, including data collection strategies aimed at community engagement in the collection of disaggregated data, improving methods for collecting and analyzing data on immigrants and racialized groups and policies to enable and enhance data disaggregation.RésuméDes plus en plus d’études montrent que le risque et le fardeau des infections à la COVID-19 ne sont pas également répartis dans la population et que les communautés racialisées connaissent des taux de morbidité et de mortalité disproportionnellement plus élevés. Cependant, en raison de l’absence de données ventilés selon le statut ethnique, il est impossible de mesurer comment les communautés immigrantes et racialisées vivent la pandémie et quel est l’impact des mesures prises (ou non) pour atténuer ces effets, surtout à un niveau local. Pour résoudre ce problème, le Partenariat local pour l’immigration d’Ottawa (PLIO) s’est associé au Laboratoire de recherche critique collaborative pour l’équité et la transformation en santé (CO-CREATH) de l’Université d’Ottawa et l’Organisation de la santé des Canadiens d’ascendance africaine (CADHO) aux fins de mettre en œuvre un projet visant à renforcer les capacités organisationnelles locales pour comprendre, surveiller et atténuer l’impact de la pandémie de la COVID-19 sur les populations immigrantes et racialisées. Cette note de recherche décrit le cadre de travail utilisé pour ce projet, les indicateurs proposés pour mesurer les déterminants de la santé chez les populations immigrantes et racialisées, et les lacunes que nous avons identifiés dans les données existants. Des recommandations sont faites aux décideurs politiques et aux acteurs communautaires et de la santé à tous les niveaux sur comment collecter et utiliser les données pour remédier aux inégalités en matière de santé liées à la COVID-19. Ces recommandations font référence aux stratégies de collecte de données visant à impliquer les communautés, à l’amélioration des méthodes de collecte et d’analyse des données sur les immigrants et les groupes racialisés, et aux politiques nécessaires pour permettre et améliorer la désagrégation des données selon le statut ethnique.
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Cohen, D. "Immigrant Foreign Relations." Diplomatic History 38, no. 1 (June 6, 2013): 210–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/dh/dht051.
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Joranger, Terje Hasle. "Migration, Regionalism, and the Ethnic Other, 1840-1870." American Studies in Scandinavia 48, no. 2 (November 1, 2016): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v48i2.5451.
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This article shows accounts of Norwegian immigrants and their encounter with various ethnic groups in America including Native Americans, African-Americans, Chinese, Irish, and Yankees in the period between 1840 and 1870. The article presents several regions in the United States, namely the Upper Midwest, Texas, and California. The use of primary source material including newspapers, guidebooks and letters provide good insights into thoughts and attitudes, and not the least prejudice, among this Old immigrant group toward the ethnic “Other.” The Norwegian immigrant group aimed at becoming good citizens through a negotiating process between the group, the dominant native-born American group and other ethnic groups in the United States. By characterizing several other ethnic groups based on race, Norwegian-Americans employed whiteness in a double negotiation, both tied to the creation of a Norwegian-American identity and in finding their place in the social hierarchy in America.