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1
Khatoonabadi, Ahmad, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Rural Development. "Systemic communication and performance : a humanist learning approach to agricultural extension and rural development." THESIS_FEMA_ARD_Khatoonabadi_A.xml, 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/641.
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This study posits a model of 'rural extension' which begins from humans, not from technology or information. The model has been used to facilitate community development at the village level. The research illustrates the potential of drama and participative forms of theatre as empowering 'action' learning/researching tools to reach people in rural communities, and as a means of involving those communities in creativity and learning about themselves and their environment collaboratively. The writer seeks to integrate participatory approaches with community development and human inquiry, humanistic approaches to education, experiential learning theories, and drama education theories and methods. The central questions which this research addresses are : 1/. What are the functions and the methods of participative theatre (as systemic communication) in the process of social change and development? and 2/. How can these participative forms of theatre elicit whole aspects of local knowledge, that is, tacit/explicit knowledge, facilitate learning and foster critical thinking through grass-roots participation? The ideas were formulated and tested through intensive field experiences with Iranian nomads, Iranian farmers, immigrant farmers in NSW, Australia, and within a number of workshops with different groups of students at Hawkesbury. This includes a critique of rural development in Iran, examinations of rural extension from a critical perspective, drama and theatre as process, learning and conscientization, personal construct psychology, systems thinking, learning through metaphor, action theory, Boal's participative forum theatre theory, and action research. Finally, the study explores drama as a form of systemic communication (that is, dialogue through a number of group activity techniques)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Khatoonabadi, Ahmad. "Systemic communication and performance : a humanist learning approach to agricultural extension and rural development." Thesis, View thesis, 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/641.
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This study posits a model of 'rural extension' which begins from humans, not from technology or information. The model has been used to facilitate community development at the village level. The research illustrates the potential of drama and participative forms of theatre as empowering 'action' learning/researching tools to reach people in rural communities, and as a means of involving those communities in creativity and learning about themselves and their environment collaboratively. The writer seeks to integrate participatory approaches with community development and human inquiry, humanistic approaches to education, experiential learning theories, and drama education theories and methods. The central questions which this research addresses are : 1/. What are the functions and the methods of participative theatre (as systemic communication) in the process of social change and development? and 2/. How can these participative forms of theatre elicit whole aspects of local knowledge, that is, tacit/explicit knowledge, facilitate learning and foster critical thinking through grass-roots participation? The ideas were formulated and tested through intensive field experiences with Iranian nomads, Iranian farmers, immigrant farmers in NSW, Australia, and within a number of workshops with different groups of students at Hawkesbury. This includes a critique of rural development in Iran, examinations of rural extension from a critical perspective, drama and theatre as process, learning and conscientization, personal construct psychology, systems thinking, learning through metaphor, action theory, Boal's participative forum theatre theory, and action research. Finally, the study explores drama as a form of systemic communication (that is, dialogue through a number of group activity techniques)
3
Seah, Wee Tiong. "The negotiation of perceived value differences by immigrant teachers of mathematics in Australia." Monash University, Faculty of Education, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5456.
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Pollock, Kirrily Suzanne. "The economic cost of farm-related fatalities and the perceptions and management of health and safety on Australiam farms." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/7146.
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Farm-related fatalities are a significant problem in Australian agriculture. Over the period 2001–04, there were 404 fatalities that occurred as a direct consequence of visiting, residing or working on a farm. This research is comprised of two separate, but related components; the economic cost of farm-related fatalities and the farm health and safety study; a qualitative study into farmer perceptions and behaviour relating to farm safety. This study employed a human capital approach to establish the economic costs of farmrelated fatalities to the Australian economy. Fatalities were selected for analysis as they are the most reliable, accurate and comprehensive form of farm injury data available. A study was conducted on 335 farm enterprises to examine farmer perceptions and estimates of performance relating to the culture of safety and their systems and procedures to manage health and safety and major hazards on their farms. Finally, the changes farmers were making to health and safety on their farms, the motivating drivers for those changes, and what they perceived to be the risks and hazards on their farms were also assessed. Modelling of direct and indirect costs associated with farm-related fatalities estimated that the 404 traumatic deaths over the period 2001–04 cost the Australian economy $650.6 million, in 2008 dollars. This equates to 2.7 per cent of the 2008 farm gross domestic product (GDP) due to potentially preventable farm accidents and injuries. The top five agents causing death (tractors, ATVs, drownings, utilities and 2 wheel motorcycles) accounted for exactly half of the fatalities, and 46.7 per cent ($303.5 million) of the economic cost. Significant differences in gender, age and industry were revealed in attitudes and perceptions of farm safety and the management of health and safety and major hazards. Farm enterprises also provided a considerable level of detail on the changes and improvement they had made to farm safety, the reasons and motivations behind those changes, as well as details on what they perceived as the key risks and hazards on their farms. The outcomes of this research have questioned some of the preconceived ideas relating to farmers’ perceptions, attitudes and practices in relation to farm safety and have also identified potential new approaches and target populations for increasing adoption and implementation of farm safety recommendations. The challenge is for farm safety researchers, Farmsafe Australia, work safety authorities, industry and farmer groups and health practitioners to encourage further investment and resources into farm health and safety research, which will enable them to capitalise on these findings and re-evaluate farm safety strategies and initiatives to reduce the level of risk on Australian farms and therefore, the incidence of fatal and non-fatal injury and the cost of to the Australian economy.
5
Sze, Ming Lo. "Psychosocial outcomes and adjustment to cancer amongst immigrant populations in Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13882.
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Health inequality has become a research imperative worldwide. Cancer is a global burden, but little is known about the experiences of immigrant patients. This mix-method research aimed to fill the knowledge gaps. The qualitative phase involved a descriptive, focus-group study to explore immigrants’ cancer experiences in Australia. Participants were 91 cancer patients/carers from Arabic, Chinese and Greek communities. The data were subjected to thematic analysis. Participants raised main challenges including: 1) high level of cancer-related distress; 2) communication barriers; 3) lacking understanding of the health system; 4) cultural alienation. Culturally-driven coping styles and coping resources were also explored. The quantitative phase involved a large scale survey via 16 recruiting clinics nationwide, yielding a dataset of 571 immigrant patients (145 Arabic, 248 Chinese, and 178 Greek-speaking patients) and 274 Anglo-Australian-born patients. Three separate analyses were conducted of the data: 1) to document the extent of disparities in psychosocial outcomes in immigrants; 2) to elicit cancer patients’ unmet Cancer Information and Support, Physical and Daily Living, and Sexuality needs during the active treatment phase; 3) to compare illness perceptions of cancer among immigrants and Anglo-Australians, applying the Self-Regulatory model. The quantitative results showed that immigrants are disadvantaged compared to Australian-born English-speaking patients, with worse psychosocial outcomes. Contributing factors include poor understanding of English and of the health system, as well as maladaptive culturally-driven perceptions of cancer. Immigrants reported many unmet needs for help with daily living activities, information, and language assistance. This research has provided insights into the factors influencing the psychosocial outcomes of immigrants with cancer, and provides some guidance regarding appropriate interventions to reduce health disparities.
6
Afshani, Hadieh. "Double Displacement: The Iranian Immigrant Experience." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368180.
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In a TED talk given in 2010, Iranian visual artist Shirin Neshat articulated the two battles that the Iranian diaspora are engaged in—one is against their government, whose regime gives cause to flee, and the other is against the Western perceptions of Iranian identity that Iranians face after immigrating. My experience of emigrating from Iran to Australia is consistent with Neshat’s statement. I call the feeling of being a nomad or not belonging anywhere ‘double displacement’, an idea central to this Master of Visual Arts project. Through painting, I have considered the ways in which people maintain their identity and
cultural vision after experiencing the disruption and displacement of immigration.
I am interested in what the experience of double displacement (from the birth country and the new destination country) means and how it feels, especially from a Middle Eastern perspective. The end result of this series of works is something like a visual diary recorded by a woman with a Persian-poetic view of experience. To describe double displacement, I have used metaphoric and metonymic visual elements that refer to transience, including doorways, corridors, or light coming from one space to another sited within intimate places and interiors.
The purpose of this research is to visually encapsulate the experience of doubly displaced immigrants. Through this research, I have attempted to find a more nuanced language with which to understand double displacement via the visual and material language of painting.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Visual Arts (MVA)
Queensland College of Art
Arts, Education and Law
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Xu, Kunlin. "The importance of cross-cultural capabilities for Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs in Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/110823/2/Kunlin_Xu_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis takes a novel approach to investigating cross-cultural capabilities of Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs in Australia. Results show that cross-cultural capabilities include two main dimensions: capability of psychological adaptation (including emotion management and positive attitude) and capability of sociocultural adaptation (including cultural learning, language skills and bicultural flexibility). Further, Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs are heterogeneous with five diverse immigrant entrepreneur groups in terms of their cross-cultural capabilities, namely pragmatists, challengers, optimists, integrators and assimilators. This thesis also provides evidence of the impact of cross-cultural capabilities on immigrant entrepreneurs' business outcomes that are associated to venture growth.
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Heidenreich, Mary Teresa. "Caring at end-of-life: the experience of Chinese immigrant women in Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18652.
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The lack of Australian research concerning the experience of Chinese immigrant women caring for a relative at end-of-life at home in Australia emphasized the need for this study to be undertaken. The aim of this study was to 1) explore the specific needs of Chinese carers in supporting a family member dying at home; and 2) to identify the impact of migration and cultural beliefs, and practices on the palliative care experience of Chinese immigrant women. A qualitative design with exploratory, descriptive and interpretive frameworks was chosen for this study to explore the experiences of Chinese immigrant women caring for a relative in the palliative care phase of their illness at home. Data were collected by conducting semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with twelve carers in their homes and analysed employing thematic analysis, using key-words in the context method. The results of the study indicated the under-utilisation of palliative care services within CALD communities in Australia. Three major findings emerged 1) migration experiences, 2) loss of self-determination and autonomy, and 3) caring is a lonely and isolating experience. The study demonstrated that migration experiences and cultural difference had an impact on their caring role experience within an Australian palliative care context. The findings capture the realities and complex interplay of upheld cultural obligation, communication challenges, multiple losses, loneliness and isolation within the pervading situation of migration. A key implication is that regardless of cultural backgrounds, trusting communication relationships can be developed to enable nurses to understand the individual contextually-driven nature of being a Chinese immigrant woman providing end-of-life care at home in Australia. The outcomes of this research will provide nurses with information to redefine their practices to accommodate different worldviews.
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Halpin, Darren Richard. "Authenticity and the representative paradox : the political representation of Australian farmers through the NFF family of interest groups /." View thesis View thesis, 1999. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030527.163228/index.html.
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al, Musawi Hasham. "Information provision and retrieval in the farming industry in Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/866.
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Agricultural information dissemination to farmers has been studied extensively. However, farmers preferred methods of delivery has not been investigated thoroughly within a Western Australia (WA) context.
Availability of different information delivery channels have led to the overwhelming and overlapping of information available to farmers. As a consequence, the type of information required by WA farmers should be considered as knowing information needs could allow farmers to access relevant, concise and timely agricultural information.
To answer the research questions, a survey was designed, using Likert-scale, close ended and open ended questions techniques, enabling qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The study‘s findings are relevant to agricultural information providers, government and public agencies, and other researchers who work in the agricultural and farming industries in Western Australia, and Australia.
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Perceval, Meg. "Translating evidence into practice: Wellbeing and suicide prevention in rural Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/386230.
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In Australia, farmers have been recognised as a particular at-risk group for suicide. A greater understanding is needed as to why this is the case so that contextually sensitive suicide prevention strategies may be developed. Further evaluation of suicide prevention initiatives is necessary to demonstrate their effectiveness. This project will advance current understanding of farmer suicide in Australia, develop a culturally appropriate suicide prevention program tailored specifically for this audience, and provide an evaluation measuring its impact. A mixed methods multiphase approach will be taken with the overall objective to better understand risk factors and attitudes towards farmer suicide (Component One) and to utilise this information to develop, deliver and evaluate an evidence-informed, tailored and culturally appropriate suicide prevention initiative (Component Two). Component One involves qualitative analysis of focus group data from an Australian Research Council Linkage grant ARC LP120100021 “Influences on farmer suicide in Queensland and New South Wales” gathered from male and female farmers from three diverse sites across New South Wales and Queensland. This information, in combination with a comprehensive literature review and practice-based evidence, will inform Component Two. Component Two involves the development, delivery and evaluation of a tailored suicide prevention workshop, SCARF (Suspect Connect Ask Refer Follow-up). SCARF is a 4-hour face to face workshop focusing on improving health to reduce suicide in accordance with suicide prevention best-practice. The content is theoretically informed by the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide and the Biopsycho-ecological model. Evaluation of the SCARF program comprises quantitative analysis to measure participant changes in levels of suicide stigma, suicide literacy, mental wellbeing and confidence to assist others. This study will contribute important knowledge towards the body of evidence in farmer suicide prevention.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Aust Inst Suicide Res&Prevent
Griffith Health
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Phakdeewanich, Titipol. "The role of farmers groups in Thai politics : a case study of domestic and global pressure on rice, sugarcane, and potato farmers." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55736/.
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The thesis studies the political participation of Thai farmers and focuses on two main factors, namely the domestic and the external impacts, which inform the case studies of rice, sugarcane, and potato farmers groups. Overall, the research has established that farmers groups have felt the impacts of domestic factors far more strongly than external factors. Furthermore, through comparative studies in relation to the case studies of rice, sugarcane, and potato farmers groups in Thailand, differences emerged between these three Thai farmers groups, in terms of the degree to which domestic factors impacted on their political participation. The theories of Western interest groups are reviewed, in order to examine their applicability to explaining farmers groups formation in Thailand. The concepts of 'collective benefits' and 'selective incentives', which were used by Mancur Olson have been adopted as the main theoretical framework. With reference to this, the research has established that selective incentives have played a highly significant role in Thai farmers groups formation, and concludes that the problems of mobilisation, which relate to rice, sugarcane, and potato farmers groups, have been solved primarily through the provision of a range of selective incentives by the farmers groups themselves. In order to classify the differing levels of political participation of Thai farmers groups, the analytical framework provided by Grant Jordan, Darren Halpin, and William Maloney has been utilised. Accordingly, the rice and potato farmers groups are classified as 'potential pressure participants', whilst the sugarcane farmers group is classified as an 'interest group', which has enabled an examination of their political participation through the Western concept of the policy network/community framework. In order to make the Western policy network/community framework more applicable to the policy-making process in Thailand, the specific, dominant characteristics of the Thai political culture, namely the patronage system and the operation of both vote-buying and corruption are included in the analysis. This conceptual stretching does not significantly affect the original concept of the framework and the way in which it was intended to be applicable, because it already includes informal relationships such as those, which exist within the policy network/community framework. This understanding is an important aspect, which forms a part of the theoretical contribution to the discipline of international political economy and to the arena of Thai political studies. The policy network/community framework provides a new conceptual lens in the study of the political participation of Thai farmers groups. Accordingly, these arguments promote the opportunity to consider alternative frameworks in the analysis of the political participation of Thai farmers groups, and group participation across civil society more generally. The study of the political participation of Thai farmers has utilised empirical evidence, which illustrates the successes of farmers' interest groups in both Japan and the United Kingdom, in order to explain the relative successes and failures of Thai farmers. In contrast to the experiences of Western and notably Japanese farmers groups, in many respects Thai farmers are largely excluded from the policy-making process, with the only exception in Thailand being certain sugarcane farmers groups. The thesis concludes that the political participation of farmers groups in Thailand has generally been affected by domestic impacts rather than by external impacts, and that their influence in domestic policy-making has been, and is likely to remain for the foreseeable future at least, somewhat limited.
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Allen, Leah S. "Exploring 'why we see them': An ethnography of health-seeking among immigrant women in Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/233762/1/Leah_Allen_Thesis.pdf.
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This project was an ethnographic study to understand how immigrant women in Australia seek help to improve and/or maintain their health. In “sitting with” women, they expressed extremely broad and situated constructions of health, illness and wellbeing. These included a range of sources of vulnerability (including migration challenges, domestic violence, mental illness and marginalisation and exclusion) and agency (including friendships, networks and personal senses of resilience and survivorship). Additionally, women and service providers called for a re-imagining of Australia’s health and social care systems; to actively reckon with societal and institutional realities such as power, gender and racism.
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Bal, Louise, and n/a. "THE MAINTENANCE OF THE FRIULAN-ITALIAN COMMUNITY IN AUSTRALIA." University of Canberra. Education, 2001. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20090609.081955.
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The aim of the study was to develop an in-depth understanding of the migration
experiences of the Italian community of Australia, with a case study of the regional
Friulan community of Sydney. For the ways in which people identify themselves at
different times and in different environments may not always be consistent. The purpose
of the study was to add to the exploration of the diversity, cultural variety and richness
cultural communities have brought to Australia. The study set out to fulfill an important
function in adding to the accounts of the diversity of ethnic groups in Australia, their
structure and cultural backgrounds and the values of family members. Since culture is
concerned with meaning, there is of course a very close relationship between culture and
language, through which kin relationships, obligations and duties are expressed and
appropriate behaviour defined. It is that meaning and relationship that led me to
investigate the Italian and Friulan communities.
The study took on the form of an ethnography enabling me, the researcher, to participate
in order to develop an in depth understanding of the experiences of the Italian migrants,
in particular the Friulan community. The data was collected by using key informant
interviewing. The participants were encouraged to freely reflect on their past and present
experiences to enable them to make a comparative analysis of their experiences in
Australia and in their country of origin. This enabled the migrants to take on the role of
culturally knowledgeable informants supplying information which was significant to them
and which reflected their perceptions of their life experiences. The data has been
faithfully recorded to represent the immigrant's point of view.
The study revealed that many of the first and second-generation are highly involved with
their Italian heritage and operate comfortably with a bicultural ethnic identity. The
second generation have reconstructed the Italian-Australian family, thus changing the
Italian community and providing links between the Italian, the Anglo-Australian and the
other ethnic communities. Ethnicity is continually negotiated and is a constant source of
transformation for people of immigrant background. If Italian-Australians continue to
associate, both through family and cultural practices then the Italian-Australian identity
will continue. The big question is what will happen in the third and fourth Italian-Australian
generation. It is here that the question of ethnic and national identity becomes
highly relevant.
Cultural diversity presents challenging issues for Australia: what it means to be an
Australian; the relationship between national and personal identities; identifying and
working in both the cohesive and divisive forces in a multicultural society; and the form
and flavour of a future republic. None of these issues are new, yet all are of immediate
concern, and the symbolic importance of the approach of the twenty-first century invests
them with particular meaning.
15
Wang, Wan-Sheng, and n/a. "A Study of Relationships Between Educational Activities and the Well-Being and Life Satisfaction of Members of Chinese Community Groups." Griffith University. School of Cognition, Language and Special Education, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070104.153050.
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Most immigrants have to adjust their lives to living in a new country, especially when moving from an Eastern to a Western society. Chinese immigrants may face multiple difficulties, including cultural differences and the English language barrier, which are a particularly problem for older immigrants. To overcome these difficulties, many Chinese immigrants either form new community groups or join those currently operating. Normally, Chinese community groups provide a wide range of activities for members. The literature (e.g., Diener, 1984; Cantor & Sanderson, 1999; Csikszentmihalyi, 1975) provides some understanding of the value for new immigrants in attending these group activities. Participating members report improved life satisfaction within new society and have a more positive outcome as a result of their involvement. However, the magnitude of the influence life satisfaction and well-being is not as clear. This research aimed to better understand the relationships between participation in community group activities and the life satisfaction and well-being of participating members. A quantitative research method was adopted for this study to investigate the relationships between the variables. The study utilised a questionnaire that focused on specific demographic characteristics of participants, a 5-item life satisfaction measure (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985), a short 18-item measure (Ryff, 1989a) of the six dimensions of psychological well-being, and on other factors likely to impinge on life satisfaction and well-being. The 7-point agreement scale asked participants the extent to which they agreed or disagreed with the statements. The questionnaire was offered to participants in both English and Chinese. Questionnaires were completed by 600 Chinese-speaking immigrants from Taiwan, China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, and Singapore who were participants in educational activities and/or other activities offered through 21 different Chinese community groups in Brisbane. Four hundred took part in 20 different educational group activities, and 200 in 25 different non-educational group activities. Most participants were female, and approximately two thirds were over 50 years of age. Using AMOS, a number of structural equations models (SEMs) were tested to investigate the conceptually proposed links between the various variables. This study supports other literature, finding that both educational and general activities provided by the community groups positively influence the participating members' life satisfaction and feelings of well-being. The majority of participants in this study reported that they considered participating in community group educational activities (74.2% agreed), and general activities (66.6%), had the most impact on their life satisfaction and well-being. Most participants (70%) found that community group activities, both educational and general, were interesting. However, only around 53% of them claimed to have achieved their goals in these activities. The findings of this study indicate the complexity of the influences on life satisfaction and well-being levels facing this cohort of Chinese immigrants. Although results suggest that demographic variables such as year of migration and employment status have a greater influence on life satisfaction and well-being than educational activities and general activities, the outcomes of this study support the conclusion that the participating members have benefited from the variety of programs offered by Chinese community groups.
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Wang, Wan-Sheng. "A Study of Relationships Between Educational Activities and the Well-Being and Life Satisfaction of Members of Chinese Community Groups." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366471.
Full textAbstract:
Most immigrants have to adjust their lives to living in a new country, especially when moving from an Eastern to a Western society. Chinese immigrants may face multiple difficulties, including cultural differences and the English language barrier, which are a particularly problem for older immigrants. To overcome these difficulties, many Chinese immigrants either form new community groups or join those currently operating. Normally, Chinese community groups provide a wide range of activities for members. The literature (e.g., Diener, 1984; Cantor & Sanderson, 1999; Csikszentmihalyi, 1975) provides some understanding of the value for new immigrants in attending these group activities. Participating members report improved life satisfaction within new society and have a more positive outcome as a result of their involvement. However, the magnitude of the influence life satisfaction and well-being is not as clear. This research aimed to better understand the relationships between participation in community group activities and the life satisfaction and well-being of participating members. A quantitative research method was adopted for this study to investigate the relationships between the variables. The study utilised a questionnaire that focused on specific demographic characteristics of participants, a 5-item life satisfaction measure (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985), a short 18-item measure (Ryff, 1989a) of the six dimensions of psychological well-being, and on other factors likely to impinge on life satisfaction and well-being. The 7-point agreement scale asked participants the extent to which they agreed or disagreed with the statements. The questionnaire was offered to participants in both English and Chinese. Educational activities, well-being and the life satisfaction of Chinese community group members Questionnaires were completed by 600 Chinese-speaking immigrants from Taiwan, China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, and Singapore who were participants in educational activities and/or other activities offered through 21 different Chinese community groups in Brisbane. Four hundred took part in 20 different educational group activities, and 200 in 25 different non-educational group activities. Most participants were female, and approximately two thirds were over 50 years of age. Using AMOS, a number of structural equations models (SEMs) were tested to investigate the conceptually proposed links between the various variables. This study supports other literature, finding that both educational and general activities provided by the community groups positively influence the participating members' life satisfaction and feelings of well-being. The majority of participants in this study reported that they considered participating in community group educational activities (74.2% agreed), and general activities (66.6%), had the most impact on their life satisfaction and well-being. Most participants (70%) found that community group activities, both educational and general, were interesting. However, only around 53% of them claimed to have achieved their goals in these activities. The findings of this study indicate the complexity of the influences on life satisfaction and well-being levels facing this cohort of Chinese immigrants. Although results suggest that demographic variables such as year of migration and employment status have a greater influence on life satisfaction and well-being than educational activities and general activities, the outcomes of this study support the conclusion that the participating members have benefited from the variety of programs offered by Chinese community groups.Thesis (Professional Doctorate)
Doctor of Education (EdD)
School of Cognition, Language and Special Education
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German-Belmont, Angela Rosemary. "A factorial investigation of Savage's aged personality screening scale across four immigrant Western groups in Australia." Thesis, German-Belmont, Angela Rosemary (1998) A factorial investigation of Savage's aged personality screening scale across four immigrant Western groups in Australia. Professional Doctorate thesis, Murdoch University, 1998. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/50434/.
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The Research Problem investigated in this thesis was whether Savage's Aged Personality Screening Scale could be employed to assess personalities across different immigrant groups of Western culture in Australia, using the new validation method of confirmatory factor analysis.
Savage hypothesised that personality in the aged consisted of the four dimensions of Extraversion-Introversion, Anxiety, Depression and 'Self-concept'. From information from the literature review, it was concluded that Savage (along with many other researchers) mistook the dimension of 'self-esteem' for that of 'self-concept' as evident in the items he used to represent this dimension.
The findings of this thesis confirmed the validity of Savage's four dimensional Scale across the 548 old as well as young individuals, researched, comprising Australians, the standard group; Seychellois, of unknown cultural bias; Italians, regarded here as 'middle of the road' in the individualist-collectivist cultural dimension; and Croatians, representing the least individualist of the Western groups. However, of the 20 original items, only 16 identical items were valid for the Australian and Seychellois groups, 17 items for the Italian group and 10 items for the Croatian group in a 4-factor model.
From normative and clinical data results, females appeared more anxious than males, older individuals were more depressed and introverted, and most of them had lower Self-esteem than younger individuals, except the Italian group, who had higher Selfesteem. These results were consistent with those from previous researchers, reinforcing the probable validity of the Scale.
Finally, the cultural bias of the Seychellois appeared to be more individualist than collectivist.
It is thus concluded that, irrespective of the minor weaknesses discovered, Savage's Scale would be generally useful to clinicians in Australia, who served the needs of a multicultural clientele.
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au, e. venables@murdoch edu, and Eleanor Venables. "The Women From Rhodesia: An Auto-Ethnographic Study of Immigrant Experience and [Re]Aggregation in Western Australia." Murdoch University, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040713.201348.
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This thesis examines the positioning of white, English-speaking, immigrant women from Africa to Australia. I explore the effects that minimal differences have on issues of identity. Notions of identity, memory, and belonging are contrasted with white settlement in Rhodesia in the last century. My personal history and the desire to write a thesis relevant to the Australian experience led me to ask, "How do women from a privileged background, from Rhodesia and Zimbabwe, understand their experiences as immigrants to Australia?" The relevance lies in the perception that Australia is populated by immigrants and this research interrogates at a deeper level some specific issues presented by this sample group and my interpretation of their experiences augments the literature in this area. I questioned (individually) a small group of immigrants using unstructured interviews; the use of my own experiences and long/desk drawer makes the study significantly autobiographical. Notions of migration into Australia from Southern Africa are explored using theories and themes of rites de passage. I interrogate the meanings attributed to assimilation and integration in immigration and connect these to the theory. Identity, memory, and reflection are discussed in the context of separation from Africa and integration into Australia. The similarities and differences and embodied history (habitus) that shape us, interweave the trope of rites de passage, uncovering a multiplicity of identityattributed, assumed, and self-determined. I examine the ways in which Australians of Anglo-Saxon and British origin tend to position English-speaking immigrants from non-British backgrounds as outsiders and suggest that this attribution has more to do with similarities than differences. Reflection and discussion of other times and places reveals how memories intersect with new lives in Australia and the complexities of time in migration as rites de passage make possible an exploration of present experience shadowing earlier experience. Finally, I discover that identity and belonging as continually negotiated spaces are illuminated by the contrast I drew between assimilation and integration as conceptual tools in understanding the migrant experience.
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Ho, Elly Yi-Hsuan. "Impact of embeddedness in co-ethnic & non co-ethnic networks on business performance : evidence from Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs in Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/39146/1/Elly_Ho_Thesis.pdf.
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This paper investigates the research question ‘What is the effect of co-ethnic and non coethnic networking on business performance in Chinese immigrant businesses?’ The research will discuss key themes such as the extent to which Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs are embedded in co-ethnic and non co-ethnic networks and the affect of embeddedness on business performance, such as the entrepreneur’s satisfaction and business growth. Research on immigrant entrepreneurship has emerged as an important new area of inquiry within the field of entrepreneurship. The increased importance of the subject is due in part to major immigrant receiving countries, such as Australia, the United States and Canada, experiencing a high growth rate in their immigrant population. Reflecting on the existing research on immigrant entrepreneurship, it was decided to investigate the role of embeddedness on entrepreneurial business performance. This research seeks to identify the impact of embeddedness in co-ethnic and non co-ethnic networks on business performance of Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs in Australia. Chinese immigrant restaurant entrepreneurs in southeast Queensland, Australia were studied. The result expands on existing research on immigrant entrepreneurship, since the majority of immigrant entrepreneurship studies have been conducted on the United States and Canada immigrant experiences, but few have been conducted in the Australian immigrant entrepreneur context. This thesis also adds empirical testing to a research area with little empirical testing. The results indicated that embeddedness in the co-ethnic network is positively related to business performance measured by both growth and satisfaction. Embeddedness in the non co-ethnic network of the Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs in Australia did not show a similar pattern in accordance with studies conducted in the United States and Canada. This result is interesting and creates the opportunity for future research employing a comparative study.
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Parfitt, Claire. "Genetic enclosures in agriculture: Are farmers becoming propertied workers?" Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10145.
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This thesis examines the political economy of genetically modified (GM) crops. Its empirical focus is their impact on farmers in Australia. It also considers and compares the experiences of Canada and the United States where GM crops are more prevalent but which have comparable legal, political and agrarian economies to that in Australia. Investigating the question of whether farmers are being proletarianised due to the proliferation of GM crops, the thesis engages with the concept of enclosures and how enclosures are mobilised, through the prevailing corporate food regime, to respond to the various crises and contradictions of capitalism. GM crops are conceptualised here as a genetic enclosure that create market imperatives for farmers to buy seeds, establishing new sources of capital, while also being posited as a response to various social and ecological crises facing contemporary, industrialised agriculture. The thesis finds that a confluence of legal, economic, technological and public policy developments contribute to the concentration of economic and political power in agriculture. This has tangible impacts on the lives of farmers creating a tendency for them to become propertied workers or contractors for major seed companies. Farmers’ labour and the natural world are simultaneously subsumed by circuits of capital accumulation in this process, which forges an increasingly industrialised future for agriculture.
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Hatwell, Diane. "The relationship between attitudes and behaviours towards environmental conservation amongst farmers and urban dwellers in Western Australia." Thesis, Hatwell, Diane (2000) The relationship between attitudes and behaviours towards environmental conservation amongst farmers and urban dwellers in Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2000. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/50385/.
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The original work of Thurstone ( 1928) on the measurement of attitude has been continued by many researchers. Although Thurstone immediately cautioned against the prediction of behaviour from attitude, and argued that the measurement of attitude in its own right was important, many researchers have studied the relationship between attitude and behaviour. Their general conclusion is that, except in specific situations where the behaviour and attitude are linked in particular ways, attitude and behaviour are not strongly correlated, and therefore, have suggested that they are different din1ensions. Duncan (1985) presents the hypothesis that attitude and behaviour, rather than representing two different dimensions of some construct, can be conceptualised as manifestations of the same underlying disposition but at different levels of intensity. Duncan further suggests that attitude is "easier" than behaviour.
This study was designed to focus on the relationship between attitude and behaviour towards land degradation of farmers in the Central Wheatbelt of the State of Western Australia, and between attitude and behaviour towards urban pollution in Perth, the capital of this state. Land degradation and urban pollution are significant problems for the Central Wheatbelt and the metropolitan area of Western Australia, respectively. Farmers and urban dwellers were invited to complete written surveys on these issues. The key responses were agreement or disagreement to statements reflecting attitudes and reported behaviour. Demographic information and information regarding the level of commitment of the respondents to the attitude was also gathered.
In the study of attitudes through responses to statements, there are two main response mechanisms. In one, there is an ideal direction and it is expected that the more positive the attitude, the more likely a particular responses. For example, the responses may be Disagree (D) or Agree (A) which are scored O and 1 respectively. Then, the greater the probability of the Agree response (scored 1), and the higher the score across more than one statement, the more positive the inferred attitude. The models that are used for analysing such responses have a monotonic form and are termed cumulative. In the second, there is an ideal point, and the closer a statement is to the person's ideal point, the more likely it is that the person will choose the Agree response, and the further away the statement is from the ideal point in either direction (more positive or more negative), the more likely a Disagree response. In this case, the total score across statements cannot be used directly to infer attitude. The models that are used for analysing such responses are single-peaked and are termed unfolding. In both kinds of analyses, persons and statements are located on an attitude continuum. Duncan's hypothesis, that attitude and behaviour may be located on the same continuum. suggests that in some studies, at least, the fact that they are found not to be related may be a methodological artefact.
In the present study, the statements in the scale reporting behaviour with respect to environmental issues were written explicitly according to the cumulative response mechanism, and the statements in the scale reflecting attitude were written according to the unfolding response. However, in part to explore the matter of methodological artefacts, both scales were analysed according to both the cumulative and unfolding models, after the data were configured to suit each analysis.
The study found that, as Duncan bad suggested, attitude and behaviour could be placed on the same continuum, as different manifestations of the same construct. However, the further contention that attitude is "easier" than behaviour appeared too simple according to these data. The data appear to support the contention that attitude alone is not sufficient to explain behaviour, and that attitude and level of involvement may be more effective. The demographic information collected explained some but not all assumptions about the relationship between attitude and behaviour. One particularly noteworthy result was that the correlation between attitude and behaviour was very low (order of 0.1) in the urban sample while moderate (order of 0.5) in the rural sample. It is suggested that part of this difference between rural and urban relationships between attitude and behaviour is explained by the differing situations of the two groups - farmers' attitudes and behaviour to land degradation relate directly to their livelihood. This has implications, not only for the seriousness with which the environmental degradation is viewed, but also for their responses which are an integral part of their working conditions. In contrast, for urban dwellers most behaviours relating to dealing with urban pollution are not directly related to their livelihood and must be carried out in their leisure time. To the degree that this observation explains the difference in the relationship between attitude and behaviour between the two groups, to that degree it shows that the relationship between attitude and behaviour is moderated by other related factors. Studies that test this relationship between attitude and behaviour towards the environment are issues for further research.
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Kelleher, Victoria Therese. "Afrikaans adolescents' perceptions and experiences of cultures of learning in Western Australia: A focus on Afrikaans immigrant adolescents enrolled in secondary schools in Western Australia." Thesis, Kelleher, Victoria Therese (2021) Afrikaans adolescents' perceptions and experiences of cultures of learning in Western Australia: A focus on Afrikaans immigrant adolescents enrolled in secondary schools in Western Australia. Professional Doctorate thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/62538/.
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This study examined the educational experiences of Afrikaans immigrant adolescents enrolled in Western Australian secondary schools by asking the question, ‘How do Afrikaans students perceive and experience cultures of learning in secondary schools in Western Australia?’. The focus of this study is timely, given the growing numbers of Afrikaans immigrants choosing Perth as their migration destination and, as a result, the increasing number of immigrant adolescents in secondary schools across Western Australia. The aim of the study was to understand the experiences of these students to further strengthen school practices in terms of their capacity to support and engage this growing population.
This qualitative study drew on theoretical concepts of environment (Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory), identity (Phinney’s Ethnic Identity Theory), and cultures of learning (Jin and Cortazzi’s Culture of Learning) to investigate the educational experiences of these students. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) of qualitative data, collected through semistructured interviews with student (n=12) and parent (n=12) participants, was employed to examine how participants experience secondary schooling in Western Australia.
The data analysis generated three superordinate themes: peers with similar ethnic identities are significant others who can help a smooth transition for immigrant students to secondary school; new cultures of teaching and learning need to be learned by immigrant students in a new environment; and parents’ efforts to embed moral values and foster the importance of education, act as motivational factors for these students.
The findings revealed the importance of intrinsic and extrinsic factors which contributed to the educational experience of the student participants. They underline how student participants enjoyed a more positive experience when there was sufficient support available to them by their peers, their teachers, or their families. Additionally, from the findings generated in this study, it is my belief student experiences can be enhanced via peer relationships, a multicultural curriculum that explores identity and celebrates ethnicity, and parents who have a clear understanding of the Australian education system. Findings from this study provide important insights including addressing how peers who have similar ethnic identities are significant others who can help a smooth transition for immigrant students to secondary school (peer support); how new cultures of learning need to be learned by immigrant students in a new environment (clear cultures of learning); and how parents efforts for embedding moral values and fostering the importance of education motivates immigrant students (parental influence). The findings highlight the importance of understanding the perceptions and experiences of immigrant adolescents and can inform the efforts of education professionals to effectively address the needs of immigrant adolescents during critical developmental periods. Continued research into the potential support and service provision for Afrikaans immigrant adolescents may offer better experiences for these immigrant youth.
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Baker, Tagen Towsley. "The Farm as Place in a Changing Climate: Capturing Women Farmers' Experiences in Idaho, United States and Victoria, Australia." DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7675.
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In Australia and the US, women play a vital role in the agricultural sector. However, historically farmwomen’s contributions to agriculture as well as their individual knowledge and social resilience to stressors like climate and climate change have been unrecognized and rendered invisible. Drawing on interdisciplinary scholarship from geography and the humanities, this dissertation explores the farm as place in a changing climate, drawing on women farmers’ experiences, under three distinct themes: identity, place, and photography. The dissertation research includes three distinct parts. First, incorporating non-fiction writing and photography, I explore my agricultural and religious heritage, as well as familial connections to the landscape of rural Idaho. Second, and in conjunction with The Invisible Farmer Project, the largest ever study of Australian women on the land, I analyze women’s photo voices, relying primarily on interview and Facebook data, as well as photographs, to understand women’s emotive connections to the farm as place, farmer identities, and roles in the agricultural sector. Analysis of the Facebook posts revealed how women are establishing a new dialog about what it means to be a woman farmer and how emotion is the foundation for establishing community and connection. Women's posted photo voices allow us to gain new insights into the women farmers' connections to the farm as place as well as their diversified perspectives and identities. Third, using integrative methods, I study women farmers and ranchers in Idaho, United States and Victoria, Australia through an environmental history lens. Examining the history of water in each region, and how the layering of social and environmental factors shapes the farm as place, resilience, and women’s work, I study how the identities of the women farmers and the farm as place cannot be separated. In both the second and third parts, I seek to redefine "farmer" by revealing experiences that have been invisible in the traditional agricultural sector. Rural women farmers have diverse identities and experiences, and their contributions to the agricultural sector are significant. They perceive and adapt to climate impacts and they are resilient. Their experiences with the farm as place is at the center of their identities, resilience, day-to-day work, and shapes their adaptation strategies and emotional well-being.
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Venables, Eleanor Sybil. "The women from Rhodesia : an auto-ethnographic study of immigrant experience and [Re] aggregration in Western Australia /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040713.201348.
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Venables, Eleanor. "The women from Rhodesia: an auto-ethnographic study of immigrant experience and [Re] aggregration in Western Australia." Thesis, Venables, Eleanor (2004) The women from Rhodesia: an auto-ethnographic study of immigrant experience and [Re] aggregration in Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/378/.
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This thesis examines the positioning of white, English-speaking, immigrant women from Africa to Australia. I explore the effects that minimal differences have on issues of identity. Notions of identity, memory, and belonging are contrasted with white settlement in Rhodesia in the last century. My personal history and the desire to write a thesis relevant to the Australian experience led me to ask, How do women from a privileged background, from Rhodesia and Zimbabwe, understand their experiences as immigrants to Australia? The relevance lies in the perception that Australia is populated by immigrants and this research interrogates at a deeper level some specific issues presented by this sample group and my interpretation of their experiences augments the literature in this area. I questioned (individually) a small group of immigrants using unstructured interviews; the use of my own experiences and 'long/desk drawer' makes the study significantly autobiographical. Notions of migration into Australia from Southern Africa are explored using theories and themes of rites de passage. I interrogate the meanings attributed to assimilation and integration in immigration and connect these to the theory. Identity, memory, and reflection are discussed in the context of separation from Africa and integration into Australia. The similarities and differences and embodied history (habitus) that shape us, interweave the trope of rites de passage, uncovering a multiplicity of identity-attributed, assumed, and self-determined. I examine the ways in which Australians of Anglo-Saxon and British origin tend to position English-speaking immigrants from non-British backgrounds as outsiders and suggest that this attribution has more to do with similarities than differences. Reflection and discussion of other times and places reveals how memories intersect with 'new' lives in Australia and the complexities of time in migration as rites de passage make possible an exploration of present experience shadowing earlier experience. Finally, I discover that identity and belonging as continually negotiated spaces are illuminated by the contrast I drew between assimilation and integration as conceptual tools in understanding the migrant experience.
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Venables, Eleanor. "The women from Rhodesia: an auto-ethnographic study of immigrant experience and [Re] aggregration in Western Australia." Venables, Eleanor (2004) The women from Rhodesia: an auto-ethnographic study of immigrant experience and [Re] aggregration in Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/378/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the positioning of white, English-speaking, immigrant women from Africa to Australia. I explore the effects that minimal differences have on issues of identity. Notions of identity, memory, and belonging are contrasted with white settlement in Rhodesia in the last century. My personal history and the desire to write a thesis relevant to the Australian experience led me to ask, How do women from a privileged background, from Rhodesia and Zimbabwe, understand their experiences as immigrants to Australia? The relevance lies in the perception that Australia is populated by immigrants and this research interrogates at a deeper level some specific issues presented by this sample group and my interpretation of their experiences augments the literature in this area. I questioned (individually) a small group of immigrants using unstructured interviews; the use of my own experiences and 'long/desk drawer' makes the study significantly autobiographical. Notions of migration into Australia from Southern Africa are explored using theories and themes of rites de passage. I interrogate the meanings attributed to assimilation and integration in immigration and connect these to the theory. Identity, memory, and reflection are discussed in the context of separation from Africa and integration into Australia. The similarities and differences and embodied history (habitus) that shape us, interweave the trope of rites de passage, uncovering a multiplicity of identity-attributed, assumed, and self-determined. I examine the ways in which Australians of Anglo-Saxon and British origin tend to position English-speaking immigrants from non-British backgrounds as outsiders and suggest that this attribution has more to do with similarities than differences. Reflection and discussion of other times and places reveals how memories intersect with 'new' lives in Australia and the complexities of time in migration as rites de passage make possible an exploration of present experience shadowing earlier experience. Finally, I discover that identity and belonging as continually negotiated spaces are illuminated by the contrast I drew between assimilation and integration as conceptual tools in understanding the migrant experience.
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Lo, Yi-Ping. "Taiwanese Mothers’ Perceptions of the Influences of Their Acculturation on the Identity Formation of their Children in Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365816.
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This study explores how Taiwanese immigrant mothers in Australia perceive the influence of their acculturation on the identity formation of their children. To date, little research has been undertaken on the effect of Taiwanese immigrant mothers’ acculturation on the identity formation of their children in Australia. Social constructionism, the method of constant comparisons and thematic analysis underpinned the qualitative methodology which was employed to understand the lived experience of Taiwanese immigrant mothers. Data collection was predominantly undertaken by using in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 41 participants from South-East Queensland. Of these participants, 20 were married to Taiwanese males while the others (21) were married to non-Taiwanese males. Six mothers have a full-time job or own a business with their husband, while the majority is full-time housewives. Individual interviews subject to forward and back translation were conducted in Mandarin. All interview data were transcribed and translated into English, and were managed with a qualitative data software (MAXQDA) to handle the coding tasks.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Zhou, Yunxian. "The experience of China-educated nurses working in Australia : a symbolic interactionist perspective." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/31866/1/Yunxian_Zhou_Thesis.pdf.
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Transnational nurse migration is a growing phenomenon. However, relatively little is known about the experiences of immigrant nurses and particularly about non-English speaking background nurses who work in more economically developed countries. Informed by a symbolic interactionist framework, this research explored the experience of China-educated nurses working in the Australian health care system. Using a modified constructivist grounded theory method, the main source of data were 46 face to face in-depth interviews with 28 China-educated nurses in two major cities in Australia. The key findings of this research are fourfold. First, the core category developed in this study is reconciling different realities, which inserts a theoretical understanding beyond the concepts of acculturation, assimilation, and integration. Second, in contrast to the dominant discourse which reduces the experience of immigrant nurses to language and culture, this research concludes that it was not just about language and nor was it simply about culture. Third, rather than focus on the negative aspects of difference as in the immigration literature and in the practice of nursing, this research points to the importance of recognising the social value of difference. Finally, the prevailing view that the experience of immigrant nurses is largely negative belies its complexities. This research concludes that it is naïve to define the experience as either good or bad. Rather, ambivalence was the essential feature of the experience and a more appropriate theoretical concept. This research produced a theoretical understanding of the experience of China-educated nurses working in Australia. The findings may not only inform Chinese nurses who wish to immigrate but also contribute to the implementation of more effective support services for immigrant nurses in Australian health care organisations.
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O'Malley, Timothy Rory. "Mateship and Money-Making: Shearing in Twentieth Century Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5351.
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After the turmoil of the 1890s shearing contractors eliminated some of the frustration from shearers recruitment. At the same time closer settlement concentrated more sheep in small flocks in farming regions, replacing the huge leasehold pastoral empires which were at the cutting edge of wool expansion in the nineteenth century. Meanwhile the AWU succeeded in getting an award for the pastoral industry under the new arbitration legislation in 1907. Cultural and administrative influences, therefore, eased some of the bitter enmity which had made the annual shearing so unstable. Not all was plain sailing. A pattern of militancy re-emerged during World War I. Shearing shed unrest persisted throughout the interwar period and during World War II. In the 1930s a rival union with communist connections, the PWIU, was a major disruptive influence. Militancy was a factor in a major shearing strike in 1956, when the boom conditions of the early-1950s were beginning to fade. The economic system did not have satisfactory mechanisms to cope. Unionised shearers continued to be locked in a psyche of confrontation as wool profits eroded further in the 1970s. This ultimately led to the wide comb dispute, which occurred as wider pressures changed an economic order which had not been seriously challenged since Federation, and which the AWU had been instrumental in shaping. Shearing was always identified with bushworker ‘mateship’, but its larrikinism and irreverence to authority also fostered individualism, and an aggressive ‘moneymaking’ competitive culture. Early in the century, when old blade shearers resented the aggressive pursuit of tallies by fast men engaged by shearing contractors, tensions boiled over. While militants in the 1930s steered money-makers into collectivist versions of mateship, in the farming regions the culture of self-improvement drew others towards the shearing competitions taking root around agricultural show days. Others formed their own contracting firms and had no interest in confrontation with graziers. Late in the century New Zealanders arrived with combs an inch wider than those that had been standard for 70 years. It was the catalyst for the assertion of meritocracy over democracy, which had ruled since Federation.
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O'Malley, Timothy Rory. "Mateship and Money-Making: Shearing in Twentieth Century Australia." University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5351.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)After the turmoil of the 1890s shearing contractors eliminated some of the frustration from shearers recruitment. At the same time closer settlement concentrated more sheep in small flocks in farming regions, replacing the huge leasehold pastoral empires which were at the cutting edge of wool expansion in the nineteenth century. Meanwhile the AWU succeeded in getting an award for the pastoral industry under the new arbitration legislation in 1907. Cultural and administrative influences, therefore, eased some of the bitter enmity which had made the annual shearing so unstable. Not all was plain sailing. A pattern of militancy re-emerged during World War I. Shearing shed unrest persisted throughout the interwar period and during World War II. In the 1930s a rival union with communist connections, the PWIU, was a major disruptive influence. Militancy was a factor in a major shearing strike in 1956, when the boom conditions of the early-1950s were beginning to fade. The economic system did not have satisfactory mechanisms to cope. Unionised shearers continued to be locked in a psyche of confrontation as wool profits eroded further in the 1970s. This ultimately led to the wide comb dispute, which occurred as wider pressures changed an economic order which had not been seriously challenged since Federation, and which the AWU had been instrumental in shaping. Shearing was always identified with bushworker ‘mateship’, but its larrikinism and irreverence to authority also fostered individualism, and an aggressive ‘moneymaking’ competitive culture. Early in the century, when old blade shearers resented the aggressive pursuit of tallies by fast men engaged by shearing contractors, tensions boiled over. While militants in the 1930s steered money-makers into collectivist versions of mateship, in the farming regions the culture of self-improvement drew others towards the shearing competitions taking root around agricultural show days. Others formed their own contracting firms and had no interest in confrontation with graziers. Late in the century New Zealanders arrived with combs an inch wider than those that had been standard for 70 years. It was the catalyst for the assertion of meritocracy over democracy, which had ruled since Federation.
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Ghafournia, Nafiseh. "‘Like hands under a rock’ A feminist intersectional analysis of Muslim immigrant women’s experiences of domestic violence in Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16315.
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Violence against women has pervasive and traumatic effects on all women’s lives. For victims from immigrant backgrounds, the situation can often be more complex. While there is a growing literature that reflects this complexity, much remains unknown about the experiences of abused immigrant women in Australia from particular backgrounds. This lack of knowledge may contribute to the perpetuation of stereotypes or generalisations about these groups of women, their cultures and their religions. The purpose of the thesis is to contribute to knowledge about the specificities of Muslim immigrant women’s experiences in Australia. In particular, it aims to contribute to understandings of the intersections of gender, culture, religion and immigration, and the ways in which different social locations interact in Muslim immigrant women’s experiences of abuse. The thesis also aims to consider the implications of feminist intersectional perspectives for service provision, social work education and policy. The thesis involved a study of fourteen Muslim immigrant women living in Sydney and Newcastle who had current, recent or previous experiences of domestic violence. The study involved in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Participants, who were from different ethnic, national and linguistic backgrounds, provided detailed narratives of their lives and relationships, enabling an analysis of their perceptions of domestic violence, their experiences of domestic violence and their responses to domestic violence. The study found that the women’s accounts of domestic violence to some extent are similar to extant accounts of mainstream women. However, there were some differences. Firstly, immigration-related factors act as stressors to exacerbate the abuse. Secondly, the women in the study identified ‘culture’ as a key factor in their experiences of domestic violence. Despite being from different ethnic backgrounds, certain common cultural beliefs were identified as barriers to responding to domestic violence. However, culture was also described as a source of empowerment for the women in the study. Thirdly, the women explained that gender arrangements and gender role expectations are implicated: these were seen as exploited by abusive partners to control the participants. Fourthly, the women viewed spirituality and religion as a significant dimension that provided strength and resilience. Both were perceived by the women to be empowering rather than barriers. In the context of immigrant women, culture, religion and gender intersect, reinforce and regenerate each other. The thesis demonstrates the importance of attention to intersecting categories in producing meanings and experiences of domestic violence. In sum, the study attempts to go beyond a simple portrayal of the women as one-dimensional individuals but as women with a diverse range of backgrounds, histories, opinions and resources. By breaking their silence and sharing their sufferings, these women wished to contribute something that would bring about a change in the lives of all abused immigrant women in Australia.
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Grieve, Aaron. "The role of psychological variables in help-seeking amongst farmers and farming families." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2005. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/64134.
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This study investigated the role of psychological variables in help-seeking behaviour and attitudes in a rural population, with particular emphasis as to whether differences existed between farmers and non-farming rural residents. These groups were contrasted, as research suggests that farmers appear to be a sub-group of the Australian population at increased risk of chronic health problems and suicide, even in comparison to other rural residents.Doctor of Psychology (Clinical)
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Hayman, P. T. "Dancing in the rain : farmers and agricultural scientists in a variable climate /." View thesis View thesis, 2001. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030506.144613/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 2001.A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Western Sydney, in fulfilment of the rquirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 2001. Bibliography : p. 252-276.
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Kawano, Yukio. "Social determinants of immigrant selection on earnings and educational attainments in the United States, Canada and Australia, 1980-1990." Available to US Hopkins community, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3068173.
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Parker, Diane. "Institutional experiences of female child migrants in Western Australia between 1947 - 1955." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/681.
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In this qualitative study I investigated the institutional experiences of former female child migrants who were placed in the care of the Sisters of Mercy in St Joseph’s Catholic Orphanage, Subiaco, Western Australia. My study was guided by the theoretical orientations of Symbolic Interaction and Constructivism. Data were gathered through a series of individual and group interviews with the Female Child Migrants, who are now in their seventies and had spent at least three years in the orphanage between the years 1947 and 1955. Documents were also obtained from the archives of the Catholic Church, the Sisters of Mercy and the National Archives. Documents, photos and artefacts were also accessed from private collections. Significant issues to arise from the study were those of identity, opportunity and social control. These issues were broadly examined in relation to the primary and reference groups in the children’s lives with a particular focus on the role the Sisters of Mercy had in the children’s welfare. A limitation of the research is that some records pertaining to the orphanage during this period have been lost or destroyed and the passing of sixty years since the Female Child Migrants lived at the orphanage has meant that some events and practices may have been forgotten, overlooked or reframed by respondents. One of the most important findings was that the Orphanage’s institutional practices with its underpinning of religious teachings, ensured a lack of suitable social experiences and interactions. This shaped the way the participants viewed the world; which in turn impacted upon their life choices. The findings suggest that access to a wide variety of social situations is a necessary feature in a child’s socialisation and the accumulation of necessary social skills. The impact of socialisation on educational outcomes of the children in institutions such as orphanages was evident in the data. This investigation goes some way to filling the gap in the knowledge of the experiences of female child migrants who were sent here under the British Child Migration Scheme and it shines a light on a very small part of Western Australia’s social history.
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Anaman, Judith Akworkor. "Barriers to and facilitators of cervical screening practice among African immigrant women from refugee and non-refugee backgrounds living in Brisbane." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/92791/1/Judith%20Akworkor_Anaman_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis investigated and compared barriers and facilitators of cervical screening among African-born refugee and non-refugee women living in Brisbane. Refugee women were more likely to have limited or no knowledge about cervical cancer and the screening test and also less likely to use Pap smear services than non-refugee women. The analysis identified belief systems, lack of knowledge about cervical cancer and screening practices, and lack of culturally appropriate screening programs as major barriers. In the context of health promotion interventions, these findings will contribute to addressing major differential screening needs among African immigrant refugee and non-refugee women.
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Adhikari, Pramod Kumar Politics Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Socioeconomic attainments and birthplace variations in Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Politics, 1996. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38641.
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Australia is home for immigrants from more than a hundred countries and in total almost a quarter of all Australians are overseas-born. A high proportion of immigrants in a society raises question about socioeconomic equality. The purpose of the thesis is to study the differences in socioeconomic attainments between immigrants and native-born workers. Using data collected from the Issues in Multicultural Australia Survey, conducted in 1988, and the ABS Census of Population and Housing, 1986 and 1991, the study finds that human capital variables such as education, language proficiency and experience largely explain the socioeconomic attainments of Australian-born workers. Among immigrant workers, however, these human capital variables have little or no effect on status attainments. The data also show that the lower socioeconomic status of immigrants may not be due only to the lower investment in human capital. Even second generation NESB immigrants are unable to obtain comparable rewards compared to longer established Australians with similar education and skills. The study indicates that there may be barriers in the Australian labour market operating against NESB immigrants. The study concludes that there are birthplace variations in workers??? socioeconomic attainments. When employers can hire Australian-born workers from a large pool of unemployed workers, immigrant workers will be excluded from employment. Immigrant workers will only be hired if the rewards for these workers are lower compared to Australian-born workers. In situations of high unemployment, especially, immigrant workers will find it difficult to be treated equally in the labour market.
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Halpin, Darren Richard. "Authenticity and the representative paradox: the political representation of Australian farmers through the NFF family of interest groups." Thesis, View thesis View thesis, 1999. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/22.
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This thesis examines the political representation of Australian farmers. The NFF family of interest groups is charged with the political representation of farmers in Australia.Given that their state affiliates are the only organisations that farmers can directly join, this study takes the case of the New South Wales Farmers' Association (NSWFA) as its major reference point. A paradox is immediately confronted. On one hand, both the state and commentators refer to the NFF family as an exemplar of a successful modern interest group. However, on the other, the NFF family is being confronted with escalating levels of disillusionment and criticism from its own constituency.Two points of interest are highlighted. Firstly, it is suggested that theoretical frameworks, which assist commentators and researchers to come to the conclusion that the NFF family is 'successful', are not constructed in such a fashion as to throw sufficient light on the paradoxical nature of an existing situation. Secondly, this paradox suggests that the NFF itself must be able to disassociate the contingent relationship between its internal levels of support and external levels of access and influence. These two focal points are explored in this thesis, and the framework used by researchers to understand the actions of Australian farm interest groups are scrutinised. Discussing 'authentic' political representation assists considering the major theme of the 'representative paradox'. It is argued that this paradox is best understood by locating it within a search by farmers for authentic political representation - both through the NFF family and apart from it.
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Iuliano, Susanna. "Sebben che siamo donne (although we are women) : a comparative study of Italian immigrant women in post-war Canada and Australia." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38537.
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Understanding the lives of Italian women who migrated to Canada and Australia in the post-war period is the goal of this thesis. Although governments assigned women secondary roles as dependants and 'followers' in the migration process, I argue that Italian women were central, not marginal, to the migration and settlement experiences of Italian immigrants. By placing Italian women front and centre of this study, I contribute to a small but growing body of work that challenges the male-centred perspective of most literature on Italian-Canadian and Italian-Australian migration and ethnicity.This thesis is structured within a feminist framework and uses interdisciplinary methods to gather and interpret quantitative and qualitative information about the lives of Italian immigrant women in post-war Canada and Australia. Using government and church archives, personal interviews, ethnic newspapers, legal documents, marriage registers and participant observer fieldwork, I explore three major themes.
Firstly, I examine Italian immigrant women's understanding of power relations within their homes and workplaces. Rather than cast women as either passive victims or all-conquering heroines, I present the complexity of the sources of power and weakness in immigrant women's lives. I argue that Italian immigrant women had to cope with exploitation and disadvantage because of their class, gender and ethnic status. However, they responded to these challenges with resistance and resilience, and were able to affect change and wield power within certain constraints.
Secondly, I compare the experiences of migration and settlement for Italian immigrant women in Canada and Australia and show how women's experiences were united by common gender concerns. I found overwhelming similarities between the family lives and work experiences of Italian-Canadian and Italian-Australian immigrant women, and in the government policies and programs that attempted to direct their migration and settlement in the post-war period.
Finally, I examine how Italian immigrant women helped to construct what it means to be 'Italian' in post-war Canada and Australia. I show how gender roles assigned to, and chosen by, Italian-Canadian and Italian-Australian women, served as boundary markers for ethnic difference. Perceived differences in attitudes towards waged work, mothering, family responsibilities and sexuality were used by Italian immigrant women to distinguish themselves as members of an ethnic collective.
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Menigoz, Karen M. "Body mass index trends among immigrants to Australia: Associations with ethnicity, length of residence, age at arrival, neighbourhood disadvantage and geographic remoteness." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/125506/1/Karen_Menigoz_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis presents new data on the risk of obesity among immigrants to Australia. The findings show that obesity prevention efforts need to include vulnerable ethnic groups, immigrants in the early-mid settlement period, and immigrant families arriving with children and adolescents. In addition, healthier environments are needed to support healthy weight; particularly in poorer neighbourhoods and areas outside Australia's cities.
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Faine, Miriam. "At home in Australia: identity, nation and the teaching of English as a second language to adult immigrants in Australia." Monash University. Faculty of Education, 2009. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/68741.
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This is an autoethnographic study (e.g. Brodkey, 1994) based on ‘stories’ from my own personal and professional journey as an adult ESL teacher which I use to narrate some aspects of adult ESL teaching. With migration one of the most dramatically contested spheres of modern political life world wide (Hall, 1998), adult English as a Second Language (ESL) teaching is increasingly a matter of social concern and political policy, as we see in the current political debates in Australia concerning immigration, citizenship and language. In Australia as an imagined community (Anderson, 1991), the song goes ‘we are, you are Australian and in one voice we sing’. In this study I argue that this voice of normative ‘Australianess’ is discursively aligned with White Australians as native speakers (an essential, biological formulation). Stretching Pennycook’s (1994a) argument that ELT (English Language Teaching) as a discourse aligns with colonialism, I suggest that the field of adult ESL produces, classifies and measures the conditions of sameness and difference to this normative ‘Australian’. The second language speaker is discursively constructed as always a deficient communicator compared with the native speaker. The binary between an imagined homogeneous Australia and the ‘migrant’ as essentially other, works against the inclusion of the learner into the dominant groups represented by their teachers, so that the intentions of adult ESL pedagogy and provision are mitigated by this imagining, problematizing and containing of the learners as other. The role of ESL teachers is to supervise (Hage, 1998) the incorporation of this other. Important policy interventions (e.g. Department of Immigration and Citizenship, 2006; ALLP, 1991a) are based on understanding the English language as a universalist framework of language competences inherent in the native speaker; on understanding language as consisting of fixed structures which are external to the learner and their social contexts; and on a perception that language as generic, transferable cognitive skills can be taught universally with suitable curricula and sufficient funding. Conversely in this study I recognise language as linguistic systems that define groups and regulate social relations, forming ‘a will to community’ (Pennycook, op. cit.) or ‘communities of practice’ (Lave & Wenger, 1991). Language as complex local and communal practices emerges from specific contexts. Language is embedded in acts of identity (e.g. Bakhtin, 1981) developing through dialogue, involving the emotions as well as the intellect, so that ‘voice’ is internal to desires and thoughts and hence part of identity. Following Norton (2000) who links the practices of adult ESL learners as users of English within the social relations of their every day lives, with their identities as “migrants”, I suggest that the stabilisation of language by language learners known as interlanguage reflects diaspora as a hybrid life world. More effective ESL policies, programs and pedagogies that assist immigrant learners feel ‘at home’ within Australia as a community of practice (Wenger, 1998) rest on understanding immigrant life worlds as diasporic (Gilroy, 1997). The research recommends an adult ESL pedagogy that responds to the understanding of language as socially constituted practices that are situated in social, local, everyday workplace and community events and spaces. Practices of identity and their representation through language can be re-negotiated through engagement in collective activities in ESL classes that form third spaces (Soja, 1999). The possibilities for language development that emerge are in accord with the learners’ affective investment in the new language community, but occur as improvements in making effective meanings, rather than conformity to the formal linguistic system (Pavlenko & Lantolf, 2000).
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Spurling, Helen Jennifer. "'Taken young and properly trained' : a critique of the motives for the removal of Queensland Aboriginal children and British migrant children to Australia from their families, 1901-1939 /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17575.pdf.
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Parkinson, Anne. "The Lost Stakeholder: A Case Study of Risk and Trust Perceptions Held by Canola Farmers in NSW and the Implications for Policy Making in the Area of Biotechnology, Environment and Agriculture." Thesis, Griffith University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365501.
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The endeavour to ‘redesign’ life at the molecular level has been widely characterised as controversial. Subsequently, agricultural biotechnology has rarely been out of the news in Australia and elsewhere throughout the last few decades during its development. Proponents are certain of the benefits, while critics are equally certain of the costs or hazards. Such polarisation is especially intense with regard to the introduction of genetically modified (GM) food crops. This thesis presents the findings from a survey of Australian canola farmers and their perspectives on the widescale introduction and regulation of GM food crops in Australia in relation to scientific, social, environmental and commercial risk and uncertainty. It also draws upon an analysis of GM regulation in Australia to determine how farmers have been involved in GM technology policy making...Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environmental Sciences
Faculty of Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Campbell, Robert. "Understanding and disrupting institutional settings : using networks of conversations to re-imagine future farming lives." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/603.
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Farmers in Australia and elsewhere face the challenge of remaining profitable whilst dealing with adverse structural arrangements and public expectations to better manage environmental degradation. This thesis draws on arguments that dominant paradigms in agricultural science and environmental management have often been ineffective in addressing these apparently competing demands and appear poorly suited to ‘messy’ situations characterized by uncertainty and complexity, and in which diverse stakeholders are motivated by varying goals and values. Engaging with such situations requires a philosophy and methodology that accepts a multiplicity of perspectives and which seeks to learn about and reflect upon novel ways of thinking and acting. Among the underlying ideas that have shaped this project is the importance of recognising the assumptions and commitments that researchers bring to their practice in order that traditions are not uncritically reproduced and that the products of our thinking are not reified. Regarding farming as less a set of technical practices and more as a human activity taking place within broader economic, social, cultural and ecological contexts, I sought to engage a group of farmers in southern Western Australia in a process of taking action to address an issue of common concern that would help them to live and farm well in their district. My role as both researcher and facilitator of conversations was driven by a commitment to dialogue as a process of meaning making and relationship building. Together we explored some of the broader contexts within which the narrower conceptions of economic and ecological problems are often uncritically placed. Taking concrete action together however proved beyond the scope of my research. The challenge of feeding ourselves while better caring for the land and each other will require imaginative as well as technical resources. To this end I have also sought to sketch out some of the creative possibilities contained within the health metaphor as it is applied to soil, arguing that its use as a proxy for quality or condition fails to utilize its disruptive potential.
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Sepehr, Sorush. "Iranian immigrant consumer acculturation in Australia: a Foucauldian perspective." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1350025.
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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)The growing concern over immigrants’ integration into their new hosting societies has drawn attention to the concept of ‘acculturation’. In consumer research, this attention is manifested in the immigrant consumer acculturation stream of research, which is mainly concerned with how immigrant consumers’ consumption practices and their appropriation of market resources, as well as sociocultural processes, are reflected in immigrant consumers’ identity projects. This thesis intends to address a gap in the consumer acculturation research regarding the relationship between immigrant consumer subjectivity and sociocultural acculturative processes in the formation of consumer acculturation. Through addressing this gap, this study aims to create knowledge about the nature of the interrelationship between immigrant consumer subjectivity and broader sociocultural processes in the formation of immigrant consumer acculturation. This knowledge can lead to a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of immigrant consumer acculturation, their identity projects and the role of consumption in this regard. Adopting a post-structuralist approach, and more specifically using Foucault’s ideas on power/knowledge and how they discursively circulate and come into effect in the formation of the subject has enabled this thesis to address this gap in consumer acculturation research. Accordingly, informed by a Foucauldian approach to the formation of the subject, this thesis aims to investigate how immigrant consumers’ subjectivity and the sociocultural processes are integrated in the formation of immigrant consumers’ identity projects and how immigrant consumers make sense of their experiences in the context of immigration. To this end, 20 semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with first-generation Iranian immigrants in Australia. To facilitate triangulation and achieve a deeper understanding of the phenomenon, a netnographic study was conducted of two online forums where Iranian immigrants shared their experiences of life in Australia. A hermeneutic approach was adopted in this thesis in order to interpret the interview and netnographic data. It was found that the participants’ consumer acculturation process is patterned in relation to the discursive context in which they are situated. The findings highlight five discourses and the formation of four identity projects amongst the participants. It is found that the circulation and functioning of the power/knowledge dynamic in these discourses, and the participants’ involvement in power relations, results from these discourses, forms their identity projects and affects how they construct and ascribe meaning to their experiences. By adopting a post-structuralist approach, this thesis sheds new light on and broadens our understanding of the formation of consumer acculturation with regards to immigrants’ broader context and how it is related to their subjectivity. The findings highlight how four identity projects amongst participants are constructed as the result of their involvement within five discursive contexts and the circulation of power/knowledge in these discourses. This finding also extends the current discussion on relating macro-level contexts and micro-level contexts in the study of consumers and consumption in the consumer culture theory (CCT) tradition of research. Methodologically, this study contributes to the call to develop the epistemology of CCT beyond the use of existential phenomenology in describing consumers’ experiences as they are lived. Based on the idea of ‘where there is power, there is resistance’, the hermeneutic approach was used in order to identify discursive power relations from the resistance side of the relationship.
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Shavazi, Mohammad Jalal Abbasi. "Fertility patterns of selected Australian immigrant groups, 1977-1991." Phd thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/145282.
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Smans, Melanie. "The internationalisation of immigrant ethnic entrepreneurs." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/73878.
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This study focuses on immigrant ethnic entrepreneurs and their involvement in international business (IB) activities. This is a growing area of research in the IB field which has commonly focused on the internationalisation process with little attention being given to how immigrant ethnic entrepreneurs may implement such a process. Thus the broad research problem of this study is ‘how do immigrant ethnic entrepreneurs internationalise?’ An extensive and critical literature review revealed that, relying heavily on the network perspective (Blankenburg 1995) and social network theory (Burt 1992; Granovetter 1985), the existing immigrant ethnic entrepreneur research has examined their membership of the ethnic labour pool (Chrysostome 2010) and the prevalence of their self-employment in the ethnic market (Piperopoulos 2010) and non-ethnic market of the country of residence (Ilhan-Nas, Sahin & Cilingir 2011). Limited research explores immigrant ethnic entrepreneurs’ involvement in IB activities; that which does focuses on their use of ethnic and kinship ties and their link to the country of origin to explain their internationalisation (Jean, Tan & Sinkovics 2011). Relying primarily on the network perspective (Blankenburg 1995), upper echelons theory (Hambrick & Mason 1984) and institutional theory (North 1990; Scott 2008), research has emphasised how various factors drive an entrepreneur to internationalise (Abebe & Angariawan 2011) and the process by which firms become more involved in IB activities (Johanson & Vahlne 2009). Two aspects of the process have received particular attention – the identification of international market opportunities (Kontinen & Ojala 2011) and the international market selection (Nasra & Dacin 2010). As yet little research has included consideration of immigrant ethnic entrepreneurs’ approaches to these aspects of the processes. Consequently, with a focus on the influence of networks, manager characteristics and institutions, this study explores the immigrant ethnic entrepreneur internationalisation process by addressing three questions. First, factors that drive the immigrant ethnic entrepreneur internationalisation process (How do managerial, firm and institutional level factors drive the process?) Second, how do immigrant ethnic entrepreneurs identify international market opportunities? Finally, how do immigrant ethnic entrepreneurs select international markets? Australia was chosen as the context because it has a rich history of immigration, yet the economic contribution of immigrants in Australia has received little attention (Collins & Low 2010). Italian immigrant ethnic entrepreneurs were selected as the focus of the study as the Italian community in Australia is large, well-established and has had a positive economic impact (Cresciani 2003). While research has focused on examining Italians in Australia as a labour source and self-employers (Collins, Gibson, Alcorso, Castles & Tait 1995; Lampugnani & Holton 1989), their involvement in IB is yet to receive the same attention (Baldassar & Pesman 2005). The qualitative analysis indicates that a combination of networks (the network perspective), manager characteristics (upper echelons theory) and institutional factors (institutional theory) drive the immigrant to consider internationalisation and influences the identification of international market opportunities and international market selection. This study shows that an integrated multi-theoretical explanation can result in a rich understanding of the internationalisation process. Based on these findings a conceptual framework is presented and contributes to the IB field as, to date, no such framework has been developed.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Business School, 2012
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Carlson, Bridget Rachel. "Immigrant placemaking in colonial Australia : the Italian-speaking settlers of Daylesford." Thesis, 1997. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15416/.
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The Italian-speaking settlers of nineteenth century Daylesford were among the first sizeable group of non-English speakers to contest the prevailing Anglo-centricism and to help pave the way towards Australia's multicultural future. The examination of this group interweaves the particular histories of fifteen families with thematic chapters which: define the nature of the emigrant community and the reasons for departure from the homeland; relate the journey to the ports of Melbourne and Sydney as a rite
of passage to settlement; describe the early experiences of the Italian speakers as miners and labourers; explore their drift into traditional occupations as farmers and
business people in the Daylesford community; and examine their family life and attempts to reconstruct a European life-style in Australia while recognising a growing
commitment to an 'Australian' way of life.
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Lee, Julian. "Farming with El Niño and Info Glut : how do farmers acquire scientific information?" Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144184.
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McKenzie, A. D. (Anthony D. )., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, and Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture. "Improving the effectiveness of distance education for farmers." 1996. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/25543.
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This study represents an attempt by a distance educator at CB Alexander Agricultural College to find ways of improving the quality of its farm management distance education program. It describes an action research project in which the Principal Investigator and his co-researchers - a group of students enrolled in the Farm Management Certificate Course - simulate a distance education process as a springboard into collaborative and critical reflection. The study describes the present operations of the NSW Agriculture Farm Management Certificate Course and gives a critical overview of the current approach to course development. It draws on relevant professional literature to provide a theoretical basis for its critique of the curriculum. It asks whether inclusion of an epistemological development variable in course design could help the College more closely meet the needs of its clients. Rising out of this critique of existing practice, the thesis charts a quest by co-researchers for growth in understanding, by critical self-reflection, through dialogue. It proposes a theory of open system inquiry as a tool to help curriculum developers, distance educators and all aspiring open system learners to develop a personal praxis of open system inquiry in their vocations and in their lives.Master of Science (Hons)