Journal articles: 'Immigrant business enterprises – Canada'

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Wayland, Sarah V. "Saving Small Business: The Urgent Need for Improved Business Succession Planning and how Immigrant Entrepreneurs can Help." Papers in Canadian Economic Development 18 (April 11, 2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/pced.v18i0.93.

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Small business is the backbone of the Canadian economy, yet fewer than half of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Canada currently have a succession plan in place. As such, many of these businesses could be at risk of closure, potentially reducing the wealth of the business owners in question and depriving communities of needed goods and services. This paper explores the possibility of business succession matching programs, with a focus on immigrants as potential purchasers of businesses. Immigrants are more likely to own a business than their Canadian-born counterparts, and a succession matching program could enable them to access established businesses, mentoring, and even creative financing to enhance their own chances of success as well as preserving desirable firms. The research is based on a review of existing literature, case studies and several interviews which identify an urgent need and potential solutions. Keywords: succession planning, small enterprise, immigration, immigrant entrepreneurs

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Mott Machado, Michel, Caroline Shenaz Hossein, Roberto Pessoa de Queiroz Falcão, and Eduardo Picanço Cruz. "Brazilian-Canadian Immigrant Businesses Configuration in the Greater Toronto Metropolitan Area, Canada." Frontera norte 33 (January 1, 2021): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33679/rfn.v1i1.2126.

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The purpose of the present article is to examine self-employment and a sample of micro-enterprises of Brazilian immigrants in Toronto, Canada, and to unveil their social networking mechanisms, the influence of their culture, and human capital. The methodology encompassed the application of 74 questionnaires to Brazilian-Canadian entrepreneurs and 42 semi-structured interviews, aiming at understanding their experiences and relationships. The contributions include stating economic insecurity, political instability, and violence as reasons for migration and showing that social capital is essential for starting and developing a business as entrepreneurs often were driven out of necessity due to barriers in the labor market. As an exploratory study, the article is limited to discussing descriptive aspects of the Brazilian community of entrepreneurs. However, its implications might encompass new studies that involve creating migration policies for newcomers, longitudinal studies, or comparisons with other ethnicities.

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Gravel, Sylvie, Daniel Côté, Stéphanie Gladu, and France Labrèche. "O1E.4 Electronic waste recycling in québec, canada: hiring practices and occupational health and safety management." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A11.2—A11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.30.

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Background and objectiveElectronic waste recycling (e-recycling) has received little attention from an occupational health and safety (OHS) perspective. Our objective was to describe hiring and OHS management practices in a sample of formal e-recycling facilities.MethodsWithin a cross-sectional study of exposure of e-recycling workers to various contaminants, we conducted semi-structured face-to-face interviews with a sample of 26 workers and 6 managers, employed in four companies. Thematic analyses, followed by a matrix analysis based on the companies’ missions were conducted on the recorded interviews.ResultsThree companies are small enterprises: one receives young offenders/ex-prisoners for up to six months of vocational internships; another is a private company recruiting its workforce through governmental programs integrating people with chronic health problems; the third, a family business, mainly employs workers within neighbouring communities. Lastly, a medium-sized unionized company recruits its employees through staffing agencies, offering permanent jobs to the best candidates after a three-month trial period. Most participants were male, aged between 20–50 years old, and had not completed high school, except for a few recent immigrants with graduate degrees. Regarding occupational hazards in their workplace, 40% of interviewees reported chemicals, 31% mentioned the danger of being struck by lift trucks, and less than 25% identified toxic vapours, inappropriate protective personal equipments (PPEs), cuts, dusts, musculoskeletal or back pain. Some workers expressed concern about the pace of work (and resulting stress), which they identified as an injury risk factor. None of the participants received any mentoring upon entering the job. Agency workers had inferior wages and did not have access to the same OHS preventive practices or PPEs as regular workers.ConclusionsIn our sample, OHS management practices varied according to the employment relationship, although workers are exposed to similar working conditions. Working conditions in the growing e-recycling industry need our attention.

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Curci, Roberto, and Robert Mackoy. "Immigrant business enterprises: A classification framework conceptualization and test." Thunderbird International Business Review 52, no. 2 (March 2010): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tie.20318.

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Heilbrunn, Sibylle, and Nonna Kushnirovich. "Immigrant and indigenous enterprises: similarities and differences." International Journal of Business Performance Management 9, no. 3 (2007): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbpm.2007.013312.

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Gomez, Claudia, B. Yasanthi Perera, Judith Y. Weisinger, David H. Tobey, and Taylor Zinsmeister-Teeters. "The impact of immigrant entrepreneurs℉ social capital related motivations." New England Journal of Entrepreneurship 18, no. 2 (March 1, 2015): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/neje-18-02-2015-b002.

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The immigrant entrepreneurship literature indicates that immigrant entrepreneurs reap numerous benefits from their co-ethnic communities℉ social capital. These benefits, however, often come at a price because scholars note the potential for this community social capital to impose limitations on the entrepreneurs. While the literature largely focuses on the benefits of social capital, there is no research on what motivates the immigrant entrepreneurs to engage with their co-ethnic community in terms of contributing to, and utilizing, their co-ethnic communities℉ social capital, and the consequences these may have on their enterprises. Addressing this gap in the literature is important in the development of successful immigrant enterprises. Thus, based on a model posited by Portes and Sensenbrenner (1993), we suggest that immigrant entrepreneurs℉ motivations will influence their use of, and contributions to, co-ethnic community social capital, impacting, in turn, business success. We contribute to both the immigrant entrepreneurship and social capital research through exploring how entrepreneurs℉ motives, with respect to their co-ethnic communities℉ social capital, influence business success.

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Ley, David. "Explaining Variations in Business Performance Among Immigrant Entrepreneurs in Canada." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 32, no. 5 (July 2006): 743–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691830600704123.

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Rahman, Md Mizanur, Ali A. Hadi Alshawi, and Mehedi Hasan. "Entrepreneurship in Ethnic Enterprises: The Making of New Immigrant Businesses in New York." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 11, 2021): 11183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011183.

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Research on ethnic entrepreneurship has generated substantial literature on the development of ethnic businesses among different immigrant groups in North America. Such studies tend to focus on the emergence of immigrant entrepreneurship among earlier immigrant groups by highlighting either the group characteristics or the opportunity structure. Existing studies also tend to overlook the importance of innovation in immigrants’ small businesses due to the marginality of immigrant businesses. Thus, there is a dearth of research on new immigrant communities in the USA that illuminates immigrants’ innovative practices. Drawing on the experiences of 50 Bangladeshi entrepreneurs in New York, this research examined how this emerging immigrant group transformed into immigrant entrepreneurs through the investigation of their innovative practices in small business. This paper determined that immigrant entrepreneurs are embedded within the dynamics of the immigration trajectory and the broader context of American society. Although these new immigrants were driven towards the lower end of the economy, this study found that innovations have expanded the breadth and depth of their businesses and made their businesses different and rewarding.

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Perreault, Charles, Gabrielle A. Brenner, Teresa V. Menzies, Louis Jacques Filion, and Charles Ramangalahy. "Social capital and business performance: ethnic enterprises in Canada." International Journal of Business and Globalisation 1, no. 2 (2007): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbg.2007.014429.

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Ostrovsky, Yuri, Garnett Picot, and Danny Leung. "The financing of immigrant-owned firms in Canada." Small Business Economics 52, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 303–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0020-x.

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Grahovac, Borislav. "Restructuring and privatization of public enterprises in Canada: Legal and financial aspects." Medjunarodni problemi 59, no. 1 (2007): 134–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp0701134g.

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The theme of the paper is restructuring and privatization of public enterprises in Canada, where the enterprise operates as a business offering public goods or services. Legal and financial aspects of public enterprises distinguish those enterprises from other businesses and government activities. The author analyzes and compares various experiences with different forms of public enterprises. The study explains goals, essence, definition and differences between similar enterprises and other government activities and private enterprises. The paper provides a stimulating debate about the ways to reform public enterprises in different countries.

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Urbański, Mariusz. "IMMIGRANT EMPLOYEES’ MANAGEMENT IN THE ENTERPRISES – EVIDENCE FROM POLAND." Polish Journal of Management Studies 24, no. 2 (December 2021): 449–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2021.24.2.28.

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Fatoki, Olawale. "Environmental Sustainability Practices of Immigrant-Owned Small and Medium Enterprises in South Africa." European Review Of Applied Sociology 11, no. 17 (December 1, 2018): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eras-2018-0009.

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AbstractEnvironmental sustainability of immigrant-owned small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is important to a country’s long-term sustainable development. The study investigated the environmental sustainability practices (ESP) of immigrant-owned SMEs. In addition, the study examined the effect of demographic factors (age, gender and level of education) on ESP. The study also investigated the relationship between ESP and financial performance of SMEs. Data was collected from one hundred and eighty two immigrant small business owners. The survey method (self-administered questionnaire) was used for data collection. The participants in the study were conveniently sampled. Descriptive statistics, T-test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used for data analysis. The results indicated that immigrant-owned SMEs are engaged in recycling, energy efficiency and reduction of waste and pollution. Their involvement in environmentally friendly products and environmental management policy is limited. Females exhibit higher levels of recycling, waste reduction energy efficiency and reduction of pollution. Age and level of education positively affect environmental sustainability practices. Waste reduction, energy efficiency and reduction of pollution have significant positive relationships with financial performance. Recommendations to improve EPS are suggested.

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Barton, Tina. "Small Business and Social Enterprise: To Thrive Not Fail." Papers in Canadian Economic Development 18 (April 11, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/pced.v18i0.91.

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Small businesses (those with up to 99 employees) are the most common business type in Canada – comprising 97.9 per cent of businesses, and contributing close to one-third of Canada’s gross domestic product (GDP). Yet a significant number of these businesses fail, with only about 50 per cent lasting at least five years, according to Industry Canada. Social enterprises – businesses that provide valuable products or services while delivering social and sometime environmental returns – struggle even more than small businesses to attract finance, grow, and sustain. What are the similarities and differences between these two groups’ needs, and how can Canada’s three levels of government and the broader business ecosystem better support small businesses and social enterprises to thrive? This paper takes a comprehensive look at key business needs, barriers to success, enabling factors, and policy incentives, drawing upon academic literature, studies and reports from the government, non-profit, and social enterprise sectors, as well as recommendations from business advocacy groups primarily from Canada and the United States. Keywords: Small business, social enterprise, business financing, business growth, business ecosystem, procurement policy

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Allain, Kristi A., Rory Crath, and Gül Çalışkan. "Speaking welcome: A discursive analysis of an immigrant mentorship event in Atlantic Canada." Ethnicities 20, no. 6 (April 2, 2019): 1197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796819833398.

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This article offers an analysis of a business mentorship event in Fredericton, NB, which targeted immigrants sponsored through the New Brunswick Provincial Nominee Program (NBPNP)—an economic revitalization program designed to attract foreign business people and skilled workers to settle in the province. Applying Derrida’s concept of hospitality as a technology of whiteness, we examine the stated and implicitly understood expectations for the NBPNP, including the mechanisms at play for regulating newcomer’s behavior and comportment. We locate our analysis in the context of a regionally expressed Canadian multiculturalism, extending the relevance of our findings beyond Fredericton to Atlantic Canada. We ask: how do associated discourses of whiteness, multiculturalism and hospitality come into play to shape dynamics of power existing between hosts (settlement workers, various shadow state actors and mentor volunteers) and racialized newcomer guests? As a racialized threshold event, the Sip, Greet and Meet facilitated an exchange of hospitality such that the New Brunswick native hosts marked newcomers as perpetual arrivants, while holding the immigrants responsible for the success of their settlement in the Fredericton region. We show how the discourses regarding newcomers’ duties cleared nativist inhabitants of any accountability for the success of immigrant settlement. We also show how the process of welcoming conveyed a message that the future success of the local community, the province and even Atlantic Canada depended on the business class immigrants’ ability to serve as dutiful and grateful guests.

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Choudry, Aziz, and Mark Thomas. "Labour struggles for workplace justice: Migrant and immigrant worker organizing in Canada." Journal of Industrial Relations 55, no. 2 (April 2013): 212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185612473215.

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Tseng, Yen-Fen. "Beyond “Little Taipei”: The Development of Taiwanese Immigrant Businesses in Los Angeles." International Migration Review 29, no. 1 (March 1995): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839502900103.

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Both in their choice to settle in predominantly noncoethnic neighborhoods and in their economic development, recent Taiwanese immigrants in Los Angeles represent a fundamental break with the past. It is this new type of economic development that brings an unprecedented impact on the society at large. However, these unique features of Taiwanese immigrant business and their implications to the host society remain understudied. Quantitative as well as qualitative methods were employed in this study. The data were obtained from document files, field observations, in-depth interviews, U.S. census data, and a telephone survey of 310 Taiwanese business owners in the greater Los Angeles area. The data analysis closely examined entrepreneurial process, ethnic integration, and industrial diversity among Taiwanese immigrant businesses. Provided with entrepreneurial capacity, Taiwanese enterprises grow rapidly within the context of Los Angeles's economic restructuring and dependency on Asian Pacific trade.

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Buhr, Karen J. "Do Immigrant Nurses in Canada See a Wage Penalty? An Empirical Study." Business Economics 45, no. 3 (July 2010): 210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/be.2010.23.

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Chiang, Frances, Angeline Low, and Jock Collins. "Two Sets of Business Cards: Responses of Chinese Immigrant Women Entrepreneurs in Canada and Australia to Sexism and Racism." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 5, no. 2 (August 5, 2013): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v5i2.3117.

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Existing entrepreneurial discourses have been dominated by white middle-class androcentric approach, giving little space to the discussions of racism and sexism experienced by minority women entrepreneurs. This paper aims to fill this gap through an examination of the experiences of Asian immigrant women entrepreneurs in Canada and Australia using an intersectional approach. The key research question addressed in the paper is to what extent, and in what ways, do racism and sexism impact on the entrepreneurial experiences of Asian immigrant women entrepreneurs and what strategies do they use in managing discrimination to protect themselves and their businesses? Four main strategies were derived from our findings, namely, creating a comfortable niche, playing the mainstream card, swallowing the pain, and resisting.

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KERR, GERRY, FRANCINE SCHLOSSER, and MATIAS GOLOB. "LEISURE ACTIVITIES AND SOCIAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT BY IMMIGRANT SERIAL/PORTFOLIO AND LIFESTYLE ENTREPRENEURS." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 22, no. 04 (December 2017): 1750026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946717500261.

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We examine the creation of social capital by serial/portfolio and lifestyle immigrant entrepreneurs through ethnic and sports associations. Interviews with 24 self-employed immigrants to Canada form the basis of a grounded model. Serial/portfolio and lifestyle immigrant entrepreneurs appear to harness ethnic and sports associations through similar means, but it is the speed and intensity with which they combine their activities — and the goals they pursue — that mark their differences. Serial/portfolio entrepreneurs intertwine a denser set of activities more actively to support business generation, resulting in a more diverse matrix of social capital.

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Sequeira, Jennifer M., Jon C. Carr, and Abdul A. Rasheed. "Transnational Entrepreneurship: Determinants of Firm Type and Owner Attributions of Success." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 33, no. 5 (September 2009): 1023–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00333.x.

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Building on a typology of transnational firm types, developed by Landolt, Autler, and Baires in 1999, we examine whether immigrant attitudes toward the host country and their degree of embeddedness in the home country can predict the specific type of transnational enterprise that an immigrant is likely to begin. We also investigate whether the determinants of success of transnational enterprises vary by firm type. Based on a sample of 1,202 transnational business owners drawn from the Comparative Immigrant Entrepreneurship Project database, our analyses indicate general support for our hypotheses. More specifically, we found that transnational entrepreneurs‘ positive perceptions of host country opportunities and greater embeddedness in home country activities helped predict the specific type of ventures they would undertake. Further, the degree of embeddedness in the home country may influence the determinants of success for these types of firms. Depending on firm type, owners attributed their primary success to either personal characteristics, social support, or to the quality of their products and services.

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Wang, Xiaoyun, and Pierre Jordache Sangalang. "Work Adjustment and Job Satisfaction of Filipino Immigrant Employees in Canada." Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration 22, no. 3 (April 8, 2009): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1936-4490.2005.tb00369.x.

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Madzimure, Jeremiah, and Lebereko Phillip Tau. "CHALLENGES FACING SMALL TO MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN METSIMAHOLO MUNICIPALITY, SOUTH AFRICA." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES 9, no. 1 (2021): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15604/ejss.2021.09.01.002.

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In South Africa, the failure rate of Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs) amounts to 75% in an estimated interval of 42 months of operation. The purpose of this study is to determine the challenges facing SMEs in Metsimaholo municipality, Free State province of South Africa. Quantitative data was acquired from 102 Metsimaholo SME owners or their representatives, utilizing questionnaires which were completed, returned, and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0 software. It was then established that economic factors have realistic control on the sustainability of SMEs. In addition, further development of SMEs is restrained by competition from immigrant businesses, transportation of inventory, inadequate management skills, substandard marketing, miserable manipulation of financial activities and business, unreachable loans. Notwithstanding the afore-said outcome, SMEs must carefully look at obtaining business skills coaching and support, enlarge or vary the range of products, put back any profits made by a business into it in order to make it more successful. Cooperation amongst SMEs would be a strategy for them to challenge rivalry. Therefore, SMEs will bargain from transportation of goods bought in large quantities for a unit price that is lower than usual.

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Osiyevskyy, Oleksiy, Sílvia Fernandes Costa, and Cameron Maranville Madill. "Business Sense or Subjective Satisfaction?" International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 17, no. 1 (February 2016): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ijei.2016.0207.

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Does business planning have any impact on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)? Despite numerous studies in management and entrepreneurship literature, the answer remains contested. The authors address this research question empirically by exploring the composite business planning comprehensiveness construct, reflecting the degree to which business planning practices are embraced in all domains of firm management. Employing a survey of SME owners in the USA and Canada (N = 568), they explore the performance outcomes of this construct. The results demonstrate that business planning comprehensiveness is positively associated with the operational and subjective performance of the firm, but not with its financial performance.

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Mahapatra, S., and Waymond Rodgers. "An Empirical Study Of The Industrial Research And Development Incentives Act Of Canada." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 3, no. 3 (October 31, 2011): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v3i3.6520.

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The objective of this study is to investigate empirically the effects of the Industrial Research and Development Incentives Act (IRDIA) of Canada on the research and development (R&D) activities of Canadian private enterprises.

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Paré, Sylvie, Teresa V. Menzies, Louis Jacques Filion, and Gabrielle A. Brenner. "Social capital and co‐leadership in ethnic enterprises in Canada." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 2, no. 1 (March 28, 2008): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506200810861258.

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Zhang, Zhen, and Douglas Chun. "Becoming entrepreneurs: how immigrants developed entrepreneurial identities." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 24, no. 5 (August 6, 2018): 947–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-07-2016-0214.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the important process of how entrepreneurial identity is formed and constructed, with the perspective that entrepreneurial identity is social and dynamic, constantly shaped by various life episodes and human interactions, rather than static and unchanging. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study comprises 30 in-depth interviews with Chinese immigrants in West Canada. These immigrants had been employed professionals under the “Skilled Workers” immigration category but later became entrepreneurs. None of the entrepreneurs in this study had prior business ownership experience, and many of them said that they had never thought about running businesses until they came to Canada. Findings A process model of entrepreneurial identity construction is presented. This paper advances the literature on entrepreneurship through the identification of three stages in the development of entrepreneurial identity: identity exploration, entrepreneurial mindsets building, and narrative development. Originality/value This study has important implications for the understanding of the exploratory and discovery mode of entrepreneurial identity construction. This study also moves away from the contextual and structural hypotheses as the sole explanations for the high rate of self-employment among immigrant entrepreneurs, and provides a useful starting point for a deeper understanding of the agency of immigrant entrepreneurs.

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Anastakis, Dimitry. "From Independence to Integration: The Corporate Evolution of the Ford Motor Company of Canada, 1904–2004." Business History Review 78, no. 2 (2004): 213–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25096866.

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In the century since its founding, the Ford Motor Company of Canada has evolved from a relatively independent entity within the Ford empire, with a strong element of minority ownership and its own overseas subsidiaries, to a fully integrated and wholly owned part of Ford's North American operations. The unique emergence and transformation of Ford-Canada among Ford's foreign enterprises is explained by Canada's changing automotive trade policies, the personal relations of the Ford family with its Canadian offspring, and a corporate strategy pursued by Henry Ford's successors and the American Ford company, which sought to bring Ford-Canada more directly under Detroit's control.

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Doutriaux, Jérôme, and Margaret Barker. "University and Industry in Canada." Industry and Higher Education 10, no. 2 (April 1996): 88–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042229601000205.

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University—industry relationships in science and technology in Canada are changing. A review of the data on R&D activities in Canadian universities points to a rise in industrial sponsorship from about 4% of total university-based research in 1980 to 11% in 1993. There are various reasons for this increase, but it is clear that government university—industry programmes have played a major role. There is also evidence of increasing cooperation between Canadian higher education and business in the planning, design and delivery of teaching and service activities. The Canadian infrastructure for university—industry interaction is composed of many organizations and levels, and new programmes or modifications to traditional approaches are continually being developed. Organizations have responded to the need to make university—industry programming more relevant to small and medium-sized enterprises, and are making some headway in cooperation. Nevertheless, an effective integration of the university—industry aspect into a national or regional system, with inclusion of all the relevant actors, still poses a challenge.

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Trosper, Ronald, Harry Nelson, George Hoberg, Peggy Smith, and William Nikolakis. "Institutional determinants of profitable commercial forestry enterprises among First Nations in Canada." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 2 (February 2008): 226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-167.

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This paper uses survey information to examine several common assertions about the institutional prerequisites for successful profitability when a First Nation enters an economic enterprise either independently or in joint effort with an outside firm. In the winter of 2004–2005, we interviewed managers on both the First Nations and private sides of joint ventures and other business alliances in Canada, to determine what affected their recent profitability experience. We gathered information on the ages, sizes, and activities of the firms. We also gathered information about the firms’ management structures and relationship with the First Nation, and the characteristics of the government of the First Nation. With a sample size of 40 firms that responded, we found that several institutional characteristics affected profit positively: strong separation of management from band governance, participation in management planning, and the use of staggered terms in band council elections. We found that the likelihood of profitability decreased if the band had been in third party management as well as if there was formal participation of elders or hereditary chiefs in decision making. We offer interpretations of these results.

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Ressin, Marat. "Product Innovation Paradigm of Modern Entrepreneurship." Quality Innovation Prosperity 26, no. 3 (November 30, 2022): 190–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/qip.v26i3.1752.

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Purpose: The work is devoted to quantifying the main dependencies and contradictions between the introduction of innovation and corporate development of modern entrepreneurship forms. Methodology/Approach: In this study, the main analysis method is the use of fuzzy knowledge bases to select the best management practices. The research allows one to understand the impact of innovation on the effectiveness of business models and what ways in management can be used to increase resilience to the influence of external factors. Findings: The creation of new combinations of practices based on the knowledge base makes successful management of an enterprise’s innovative development. To form a base, the results of global surveys and ratings of enterprises-leaders of innovative development became the basis. Research Limitation/Implication: The study examines some aspects in the innovation management of enterprises in Canada. Canada’s own specificity of innovative activity management caused the interest of research. Namely, an innovative society is being formed there based on a high level of education and knowledge, allowing higher rates of the country’s development. Originality/Value of paper: The paper examines the current economic and financial condition of innovative enterprises in Canada and the need to change the financial and economic policy to form a strong competitive position, in times of crisis and further economic growth. The results of this study can be applied in modern entrepreneurship, regardless of the scale of business.

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Jagganath, Gerelene. "Food Entrepreneurship Among Immigrant Nigerians in Durban, KwaZulu Natal." Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man 19, no. 2 (August 5, 2019): 190–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972558x19858567.

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Anthropologists recognize that food eaten not only sustains the body but also affects and is affected by the social, economic, and political world in which it is selected, prepared, and consumed ( Appadurai, 1981 ; Bourdieu, 1984 ; Van der Veen, 2003 ). The consumption of food, in particular, is integral to the creation and negotiation of social identities and relationships, particularly within the context of migration and diaspora. This article is based on a study of 8 Nigerian immigrant entrepreneurs in the informal and small enterprise economy in the city of Durban in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. The ethnographic study uses narratives around the business of food (cooking, selling, and catering) as a lens through which it attempts to understand the perceptions, activities, experiences, and challenges immigrant entrepreneurs’ face in adapting and integrating into South African society. Part of the adjustment that immigrants’ encounter includes adopting new ingredients and cuisines into their diet because familiar or traditional foodstuffs from the homeland are not available in the new context. It is within this scarcity of accessing Nigerian food that the women in the sample have found a niche in which to survive and empower themselves in Durban. By relating their experiences of cooking, selling, and distributing traditional Nigerian food and groceries, the embodied experience of immigrant entrepreneurial activity is explored. The small sample consists mainly of female Nigerian immigrants and a few male immigrants who hail from different regional, educational, and migration backgrounds. The article contextualizes the food entrepreneurs within the larger context of a tense local climate of xenophobia which has impacted immigrant business trade and the growing negative sentiment that immigrants from countries to the north of South African borders are usurping South Africans’ job opportunities. Through in-depth interviews and participant observation, the voices of the participants are foregrounded to provide some insight into the foodways and food enterprises of a group of Nigerian immigrants living in Durban.

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Malik, Amina Raza, Laxmikant Manroop, and Parbudyal Singh. "Self-initiated international career transition: a qualitative case study of Pakistani immigrants to Canada." European Business Review 29, no. 5 (August 14, 2017): 584–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebr-09-2016-0127.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the career transition experiences of three immigrants from Pakistan in Canadian organisations using Nicholson’s four-phase transition cycle. Design/methodology/approach A case study approach was used, and data were collected through three in-depth, semi-structured interviews to determine how immigrants experience career transitions in Canadian organisations. Findings The findings show that all three participants had almost the same level of expectations before coming to Canada; however, there were significant differences in their career transition experiences. These findings demonstrate that immigrants’ career experiences can be understood and examined through the lens of Nicholson’s transition framework; their expectations and experiences at one stage subsequently affected their experiences at later stages. Research limitations/implications A longitudinal research design would be an excellent approach to explore immigrants’ career transition over time. Practical implications Organisations hiring skilled immigrants need to be more supportive of their efforts in reducing immigrants’ feeling of underemployment and discrimination. Originality/value The study contributes to the immigrant literature by presenting a new way of looking at immigrants’ experiences in Canadian organisations. It also contributes to the career literature by extending the application of Nicholson transition cycle to an underrepresented population (i.e. immigrants) in careers research.

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Mbiba, Beacon. "Beyond Abject Spaces: Enterprising Zimbabwean Diaspora in Britain." African Diaspora 4, no. 1 (2011): 50–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187254611x566107.

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Abstract The concept of space in relation to the experiences of African immigrants in Britain has been the focus of recent geographical and development studies with Joann McGregor’s notion of abject spaces the most provocative. This paper considers how the concept of abject spaces can be extended beyond the existence of the marginal, illegal and undocumented immigrants to explore opportunities for entrepreneurship within and beyond these spaces. Based on observation and in-depth interviews with forty entrepreneurs in the same Zimbabwean immigrant community studied by McGregor, the paper demonstrates connections between the businesses formed to serve abject spaces as well as the ways in which living in the same abject space stimulates entrepreneurship. Abject spaces are simultaneously business spaces in ways that demonstrate the innovation and agency of immigrants and the connections between abject spaces and both the country of origin and host community spaces. This contributes to a better understanding of contemporary migration especially the temporality or space-time dimension of abjection and the significance of small immigrant enterprises in Britain.1

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Kuzmina, E. Yu, I. V. Soklakova, and I. L. Surat. "INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT AS A FACTOR OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY COMPETITIVENESS." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 2 (April 23, 2020): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2020-2-63-67.

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Russian enterprises are not paying enough attention to the issues of innovative development, while global trends demonstrate the increase of enterprises competitiveness through the introduction of innovations. Innovations are able qualitatively improve enterprise performance indicators in conditions of tough competition. For many domestic enterprises, in such conditions the innovation and its specific results could be a key criterion of success. Lack of investment is the most important problem holding back innovations. The experience of support and development of innovations in Canada and South Korea has been considered in the article. It has been concluded that in general the Russian Federation is experiencing a global transfer to an innovative economy, which in the future should be an undoubted advantage for the production of competitive products. The creation of radically new products and services, as well as the enhancement of existing ones, will allow Russian enterprises systematically improve their image, increase their business reputation, which will attract more investments.

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Ghorbani, Majid. "Immigrant effect in melting pot and multicultural societies: a comparison between the USA and Canada." Journal of Asia Business Studies 5, no. 1 (January 18, 2011): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/15587891111100787.

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Kim, I. H., and S. Noh. "Micro-Business and Occupational Stress Process: Occupational Demands, Job Autonomy, and Depression in Korean Immigrant Micro-business Owners and Paid Employees in Toronto, Canada." International Journal of Epidemiology 44, suppl_1 (September 23, 2015): i214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv096.359.

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Mook, Laurie, and Jack Quarter. "A Review of Social Economy Research in Canada." Voluntaristics Review 3, no. 4 (January 21, 2018): 1–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24054933-12340025.

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Abstract Canada is a federal parliamentary democracy, officially bilingual (English and French), and one of the most multicultural countries in the world. Indeed, more than one-fifth of Canada’s population consists of first-generation immigrants, and a similar percentage classify themselves as visible minorities. According to the 2016 census there are more than 250 distinct ethnic origins, often with distinct languages (Statistics Canada, 2016, 2017a). A confederation of ten provinces and three territories, Canada has a current population of over 36 million people who live across an expansive geographic area that constitutes the second largest country in the world. Most of its population live in urban settings (83%), with the largest cities being Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver (Statistics Canada, 2017b). Toronto is classified as the third-most cosmopolitan city in the world following Dubai and Brussels (World Atlas, 2018). In this multifaceted context, the social economy of Canada plays an important role in bridging the public and private sectors to form a strong social infrastructure (Quarter, Mook, & Armstrong, 2018). It constitutes a vast range of organizations guided by social objectives including nonprofit organizations such as charities, foundations, and social enterprises; and cooperatives both non-financial, in fields such as housing, childcare, healthcare, and farm marketing, and financial such as credit unions and caisses populaires. There are distinct traditions of the social economy in anglophone and francophone parts of Canada. There are also traditions specific to particular populations, such as the Black social economy (Hossein, 2013); and the Indigenous social economy (Restoule, Gruner, & Metatawabin, 2012; Sengupta, Vieta, & McMurtry, 2015; Wuttunee, 2010). In this review, we look at the anglophone research on the social economy, noting that there are also French-language research institutions and educational programs focusing on the social economy; however, a review of these is beyond the scope of this paper. After providing an overview of the concept of the social economy in Canada, we go on to summarize research on its scope and size in the Canadian context. Using a Venn diagram, we highlight the interactions between the different sectors in society and emphasize that the social economy is an integral part of a mixed economy that serves in many ways as its social infrastructure. We find four different types of social economy organizations: social economy businesses, community economic development organizations, public sector nonprofits, and civil society organizations. From there, we focus on voluntaristic behaviors of giving, volunteering (formal and informal), and participating. Our focus shifts to describing the infrastructure supporting research of the sector, including key academic and umbrella associations and networks, as well as formal and informal education programs. Finally, we describe key funders of social economy research including government and foundations.

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Ślusarczyk, Beata, Manuela Tvaronavičienė, Adnan Ul Haque, and Judit Oláh. "PREDICTORS OF INDUSTRY 4.0 TECHNOLOGIES AFFECTING LOGISTIC ENTERPRISES’ PERFORMANCE: INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE FROM ECONOMIC LENS." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 26, no. 6 (September 22, 2020): 1263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2020.13376.

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This study examines the influence of the fourth industrial revolution on global and national economies by considering the case of Hungary, Canada and Poland. The research compares local logistic business to gain insight about the implementation of Industry 4.0 practices through exploring existing limited knowledge, preparing staff for challenges, implementation barriers, recognizing potentials and implications of Industry 4.0. Using mixed sampling strategies, we gathered data from 180 logistic enterprises (60 each in considered economies) and established the multi-predictors to investigate the relationship between Industry 4.0 technologies and performance of enterprises. Results revealed that all considered predictors are statistically significant in affecting the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on the performance of enterprises in all three economies. However, the magnitude of impact differs to some extent. The authors propose recommendations for implications of Industry 4.0 technologies.

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Souiden, Nizar, and Riadh Ladhari. "The differential effect of acculturation modes on immigrant consumers' complaining behavior: the case of West African immigrants to Canada." Journal of Consumer Marketing 28, no. 5 (August 2, 2011): 321–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07363761111149974.

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Jagoda, Kalinga, and Siriyama Kanthi Herath. "Acquisition of additional debt capital by small and medium enterprises (SMEs): evidence from Canada." International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 8, no. 2 (2010): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2010.031545.

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IFINEDO, PRINCELY. "AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING INTERNET/E-BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES ADOPTION BY SMES IN CANADA." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 10, no. 04 (July 2011): 731–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622011004543.

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Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) around the world engage in e-commerce and e-business to support business operations as well as to enhance revenue generation from nontraditional sources. Internet and e-business technologies (IEBT) are the pillars of e-commerce and e-business. Despite the universal appeal of IEBT, it has been reported that the adoption of such technologies by SMEs is influenced by contextual imperatives. The objective of this research is to investigate factors impacting the adoption of IEBT in SMEs based in the Maritime region of Canada. A research model based on the diffusion of innovation (DIT) and the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) frameworks was used to guide the discourse. Such factors as relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, management support, organizational readiness, external pressure, and government support were used to develop relevant hypotheses. Questionnaires were mailed to key informants in SMEs. Data analysis was performed using the partial least squares (PLS) technique. Predictions related to relative advantage, management support, and competition's pressure were confirmed. The study did not support the constructs of compatibility, complexity, government support, customers' and partners' pressures as significant predictors of IEBT adoption by the SMEs in the region.

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Urykov, V., and L. Chizhova. "SMALL INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES SUPPORT IN THE ARCTIC: RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE." Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice 9, no. 4 (January 19, 2022): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-9-4-119-135.

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The Russian Arctic is an industrially developed macro-region with a number of socio-economic features, which include low population density, high resource intensity of economic activity, low level of development of transport, logistics and social infrastructure, raw materials orientation of the economy. Analyzing the existing small forms of industry on the territory of the Russian Arctic, the authors divided them into three main categories: enterprises engaged in servicing the needs of large industrial facilities; industrial enterprises of local importance and enterprises producing products for export. The article considered the Russian and foreign practice small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) support in the field of industry in the Arctic territories. In Russia, the main measures to support small forms of industry are: the provision of preferential loans and loans; the provision of land plots, premises and other property owned by the state; consulting services for doing business. It is noted that the following support measures applied in Finland and Canada can be successfully adapted to the Russian practice of state support of small industrial enterprises: building interregional forms of cooperation (coordination and cooperation); support of enterprises on the sectoral principle; support of entrepreneurs, including representatives of the native people of the North.

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Olazabal, Ignace. "Douglas Durst and Michael MacLean (Eds.), Diversity and Aging Among Immigrant Seniors in Canada. Changing Faces and Greying Temples. Calgary: Detselig Enterprises Ltd., 2010." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 32, no. 1 (March 2013): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980813000056.

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Tanasiichuk, Alona, Svitlana Kovalchuk, Vitalii Nianko, Ruslan Boiko, Sergii Drazhnitsya, and Yulia Holovchuk. "Marketing Activities of Extractive Industry Enterprises in Ukraine in Overcoming the Consequences of the Corona Crisis." European Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2022.v11n1p147.

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The study evaluated the state of international activities of extractive industry enterprises of Ukraine in the conditions of overcoming the consequences of corona crisis. The system of indicators to assess the effectiveness of their marketing activities in conditions caused by the pandemic coronavirus COVID-19 was developed. The evaluation system proposed in the study includes the analysis of indicators of production volume of the main types of extractive industry products, the dynamics of kaolin mining volumes in Ukraine and the dynamics of sales volumes of extractive industry products by Ukrainian enterprises on international markets. Also the structure of sales volumes of extractive industry products by Ukrainian enterprises on international markets was determined. An important stage of the proposed research methodology is the assessment of indicators of convergence of international markets in the conditions of overcoming the consequences of corona crisis. In the process of the study a comprehensive assessment of the convergence of Ukrainian enterprises of extractive industry in the conditions of overcoming the consequences of corona crisis was carried out. The approach is based on the application of ranks summation method for rating international markets by the system of dynamic indicators. The results of the study made it possible to determine the marketing attractiveness of markets of Belgium, Canada, Netherlands, Bangladesh, Hong Kong China, Pakistan for the activities of domestic enterprises of extractive industry at them, and assess their convergence. The last stage of the research was an expert assessment of convergence indicators of international markets in the conditions of overcoming the consequences of the coronocrisis. As a result of such assessment four international convergent markets were identified - Belgium, Canada, the Netherlands, Hong Kong, which demonstrate favorable conditions for doing business at them, and which indicates the existence of convergent conditions for domestic mining companies to sell the commodity group "2507 Kaolin and other kaolin clays" at the markets".

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Sarmiento, Juan Pablo, Catalina Sarmiento, Gabriela Hoberman, Meenakshi Jerath, and Vicente Sandoval. "Small and Medium Enterprises in the Americas, Effect of Disaster Experience on Readiness Capabilities." AD-minister, no. 35 (December 14, 2019): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17230/ad-minister.35.5.

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Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is key in strengthening resilience and achievement of sustainable development. The private sector is co-responsible for DRR: it is a generator of risks, and a subject exposed to risks. There are competing narratives in the literature regarding the relationship between business’ disaster experience and DRR. The current study defined and characterized businesses in the Americas, with a particular interest in small and medium enterprises, and examined whether disaster experience predicts DRR, considering business size. Secondary data analyses were conducted using data from a previous study on private sector participation in DRR conducted in six Western Hemisphere cities (N=1162): Bogotá, Colombia; Kingston, Jamaica; Miami, USA; San José, Costa Rica; Santiago, Chile; and Vancouver, Canada. Results confirmed that business size matters – small businesses had lower levels of DRR efforts compared to medium and large businesses. Disaster experience (i.e., supply chain disruption, loss of telecommunications, power outage, and damaged facilities) predicted DRR. The findings underscore the importance of fostering, advising, and financing small and medium enterprises to proactively develop capabilities in the line of risk and emergency management, and early resumption of operations, post-disasters. Governing agencies and civil society organizations have the ability to provide this support.

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Cecillon, Jack. "The World of Jules Robinet." Ontario History 110, no. 1 (April 6, 2018): 9–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1044324ar.

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In the 1880s, the southwestern region of Ontario, including Essex County and Pelee Island, became home to a series of pioneering winemakers. While the story of the winemakers of Pelee Island has been told, far less has been written about the vineyards of the Windsor border region. Jules Robinet, emerged as a successful winemaker at the turn of the 20th century after a series of hardships wiped out most of his competition. In time, Robinet`s business flourished with the enactment of Prohibition laws in Canada and the United States. An immigrant from Rougemont, France, Robinet served as a key link in the migration chain of French labourers and grape growers who settled in and around the Town of Sandwich. For French immigrants, he emerged as an employer, business associate, and advocate for the community that found its roots in the very same region of France.

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DeLong, Deborah L., Robert A. Kozak, and David H. Cohen. "Overview of the Canadian value-added wood products sector and the competitive factors that contribute to its success." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 11 (November 2007): 2211–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-027.

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In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the secondary wood manufacturing sector across Canada. Strengthening and facilitating the secondary wood manufacturing or the value-added sector is seen as the next step to creating a more sustainable economy across Canada. This research considered a large sample of secondary wood manufacturers across Canada and has provided standardized information for the entire sector. To evaluate the competitive position of the Canadian secondary wood manufacturers, two steps were undertaken. First, factors that have determined success in other sectors were identified. Second, the sector’s current business environments and the factors that contribute to its success were evaluated. The data that contributed to this research was based on a mail survey that was sent to all secondary wood manufacturers across Canada. The data indicated that the majority of businesses in this sector are small to medium enterprises (SMEs) and have common concerns that effect SMEs. Problems obtaining financing for expansion, market research, expanding to new markets, and upgrading employees’ skills are examples. There are also opportunities for increasing efficiencies through lean manufacturing and optimizing supply chains, but these types of initiatives will require education and training. Using logistic regression, we found that being a member of an industry association greatly increased the likelihood of a business being profitable. Thus, industry associations could be an effective conduit for the required training and education.

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Kim, I. H., and S. Noh. "Gender, Occupational Stress, Resources, and Sleep Deprivation among Immigrant Micro-business Owners: Cross-sectional Survey of Korean Immigrants in Toronto, Canada." International Journal of Epidemiology 44, suppl_1 (September 23, 2015): i241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv096.434.

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Lavoie, Marie, and Ross Finnie. "The Management Ladder for Recent Engineering Graduates in Canada." International Journal of Innovation Management 02, no. 03 (September 1998): 255–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919698000122.

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Engineers play a crucial role in the growing complexity of the innovation process and in an economy's national system of innovation. This paper focuses on the role of engineers as managers. It is based on the understanding that the rising technical complexily of the activities of most enterprises and the central role of technology to economic performance has made it increasingly important to bring engineers into all levels of management activities. We use longitudinal data on three recent cohorts of Canadian engineering graduates to document the extent and nature of the flows into engineering and non-engineering management positions, and to compare various outcomes (earnings levels, job satisfaction, skill use and overall evaluation of the educational programme) associated with these different career paths using both static and dynamic perspectives. We are thus able to assess the general attractiveness of the management ladder for engineering graduates and identify some implications of the outcomes for the accumulation of technology.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Immigrant business enterprises – Canada'

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