Journal articles: 'Immigrant beliefs'

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Udani, Adriano, and David C. Kimball. "Immigrant Resentment and Voter Fraud Beliefs in the U.S. Electorate." American Politics Research 46, no. 3 (August 7, 2017): 402–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673x17722988.

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Public beliefs about the frequency of voter fraud are frequently cited to support restrictive voting laws in the United States. However, some sources of public beliefs about voter fraud have received little attention. We identify two conditions that combine to make anti-immigrant attitudes a strong predictor of voter fraud beliefs. First, the recent growth and dispersion of the immigrant population makes immigration a salient consideration for many Americans. Second, an immigrant threat narrative in political discourse linking immigration to crime and political dysfunction has been extended to the voting domain. Using new data from a survey module in the 2014 Cooperative Congressional Election Study and the 2012 American National Election Study, we show that immigrant resentment is strongly associated with voter fraud beliefs. Widespread hostility toward immigrants helps nourish public beliefs about voter fraud and support for voting restrictions in the United States. The conditions generating this relationship in public opinion likely exist in other nations roiled by immigration politics. The topic of fraudulent electoral practices will likely continue to provoke voters to call to mind groups that are politically constructed as “un-American.”

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Khan, Sahar. "Raising Canadian-stanis: Parenting in Muslim Pakistani Communities in Canada." Canadian Journal of Family and Youth / Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de la Jeunesse 12, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjfy29512.

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In this paper, the intersectionality approach is used to understand how being a Muslim Pakistani immigrant affects being a parent. I look into how parents want to pass down their religious and cultural beliefs, such as family honour, and how those beliefs shape their children who are conflicted between two cultures. Beliefs on marriage and dating are also vastly different for Pakistani immigrant parents from those who are part of the dominant culture in Canada. I look into how marriage practices from back home are attempted to be brought over to Canada and how finding a partner can cause conflict between immigrant parents and their children. I also look into how sex and sexuality can cause conflict between parents and their children due to traditional beliefs and religious views. Finally, I look at how issues such as racism and discrimination can affect how Pakistani immigrants parent their children.

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Nollenberger, Natalia, Núria Rodríguez-Planas, and Almudena Sevilla. "The Math Gender Gap: The Role of Culture." American Economic Review 106, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20161121.

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This paper investigates the effect of gender-related culture on the math gender gap by analysing math test scores of second-generation immigrants, who are all exposed to a common set of host country laws and institutions. We find that immigrant girls whose parents come from more gender-equal countries perform better (relative to similar boys) than immigrant girls whose parents come from less gender-equal countries, suggesting an important role of cultural beliefs on the role of women in society on the math gender gap. The transmission of cultural beliefs accounts for at least two thirds of the overall contribution of gender-related factors.

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Sampson, McClain, Melissa I. M. Torres, Jacquelynn Duron, and Michele Davidson. "Latina Immigrants’ Cultural Beliefs About Postpartum Depression." Affilia 33, no. 2 (November 28, 2017): 208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886109917738745.

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It is estimated that U.S. Latinas have a higher risk of developing postpartum depression (PPD) than the general population, with even higher risk among immigrant Latinas. We conducted three focus groups with immigrants from Mexico and Central America (19) inquiring about cultural messages regarding PPD. Groups were conducted in Spanish, and thematic analysis was used to uncover themes. Themes are presented within three categories: views of PPD, cultural messages and beliefs that prevent treatment seeking, and suggestions to promote treatment seeking. Community and family-led efforts to decrease stigma and normalize PPD are suggested.

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Maestas, Annette Gault, and Joan Good Erickson. "Mexican Immigrant Mothers’ Beliefs About Disabilities." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 1, no. 4 (September 1992): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0104.05.

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Khattab, Nabil. "Ethnicity and higher education: The role of aspirations, expectations and beliefs in overcoming disadvantage." Ethnicities 18, no. 4 (May 30, 2018): 457–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796818777545.

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The papers in this issue examine various aspects of ethnic differences in higher education. The first three papers, all of which focus on Britain, attempt to explain the very high motivation behind enrollment in higher and further education by ethnic minority students. These papers argue that investment in higher education is a defiance strategy that is used by ethnic minorities to counterbalance the effect of ethnic penalties. It seems that aspirations are still significant in shaping the educational attainment and are fuelled by the grim structural barriers facing ethnic minorities. The anticipation of labour market discrimination on the one hand, and the belief in the value of education as the main means for social mobility on the other hand, lead ethnic minorities in Britain to over-invest in education. The fourth paper tells a different story, in that immigrant students experience systematic disadvantages throughout their school careers including a much lower enrollment in higher education. These young immigrants hold more negative perceptions towards the value of education, not only in comparison with their Italian counterparts, but it seems also in comparisons with minority young people in Britain. However, in the last paper, the results resemble the British case, in that the second generation students hold higher academic expectations than their non-immigrant origin peers, and that these higher expectations are associated with higher levels of persistence and attainment. The authors here highlight the importance of the theory of immigrant optimism in explaining the between-groups differences. However, this theory does not seem to have strong explanatory power in the Italian case, if anything, perhaps ‘immigrant pessimism’ is a better theory to explain the low aspirations for higher education and poor educational attainment among immigrants in Italy. Of course, further evidence is required to substantiate this claim.

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Malika, Nipher, Oyinkansola Ogundimu, Lisa Roberts, Qais Alemi, Carlos Casiano, and Susanne Montgomery. "African Immigrant Health: Prostate Cancer Attitudes, Perceptions, and Barriers." American Journal of Men's Health 14, no. 4 (July 2020): 155798832094546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988320945465.

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Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among Black men who present with higher incidence, mortality, and survival compared to other racial groups. African immigrant men, however, are underrepresented in PCa research and thus this research sought to address that gap. This study applied a social determinants of health framework to understand the knowledge, perceptions, and behavioral tendencies regarding PCa in African immigrants. African immigrant men and women residing in different parts of the country (California, Texas, Colorado, Oklahoma, and Florida) from various faith-based organizations, African community groups, and social groups were recruited to participate in key informant interviews ( n = 10) and two focus groups ( n = 23). Four themes were identified in this study: (a) PCa knowledge and attitudes—while knowledge is very limited, perceptions about prostate health are very strong; (b) culture and gender identity strongly influence African health beliefs; (c) preservation of manhood; and (d) psychosocial stressors (e.g., financial, racial, immigration, lack of community, and negative perceptions of invasiveness of screening) are factors that play a major role in the overall health of African immigrant men. The results of this qualitative study unveiled perceptions, attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge of PCa among African immigrants that should inform the planning, development, and implementation of preventive programs to promote men’s health and PCa awareness.

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Friberg, Jon Horgen, and Erika Braanen Sterri. "Decline, Revival, Change? Religious Adaptations among Muslim and Non-Muslim Immigrant Origin Youth in Norway." International Migration Review 55, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 718–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197918320986767.

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This article explores religious adaptation among immigrant-origin youth in Norway, using the first wave of the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study in Norway (CILS-NOR). To capture different dimensions of religious change, we distinguish between 1) level of religiosity, measured by religious salience and religious practices, and 2) social forms of religious belief, measured as the level of rule orientation and theological exclusivism. We compare immigrant-origin youth in Norway with young people in their parents’ origin countries, using the World Value Survey. We then compare immigrant-origin youth who were born in Norway to those who were born abroad and according to their parents’ length of residence in Norway. As expected, immigrant-origin youth from outside Western Europe—and those originating in Muslim countries in particular—were more religious than native and western-origin youth and more rule oriented and exclusivist in their religious beliefs. However, our results suggest that a process of both religious decline and religious individualization is underway among immigrant origin youth in Norway, although this process appears to unfold slower for Muslims than for non-Muslims. The level and social forms of religiosity among immigrant-origin youth are partially linked to their integration in other fields, particularly inter-ethnic friendships. We argue that comparative studies on how national contexts of reception shape religious adaptations, as well as studies aiming to disentangle the complex relationship between religious adaptation and integration in other fields, are needed.

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Pivnick, Lilla K. "Nonparental Caregivers, Parents, and Early Academic Achievement Among Children from Latino/a Immigrant Households." Sociological Perspectives 62, no. 6 (May 31, 2019): 884–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121419851093.

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Drawing on ecological systems and social capital perspectives, this study uses the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study–Birth Cohort to investigate links between early nonparental caregiver beliefs about early academic skills and children’s math and reading achievement in kindergarten with special attention to the children from Latino/a immigrant households. Regression analyses revealed that nonparental caregiver beliefs were associated with academic achievement at kindergarten entry and that types of alignment or misalignment between nonparental caregiver and parental beliefs were differentially associated with math achievement but not reading. Notably, the association between nonparental caregiver beliefs and children’s academic achievement was more consequential for children from Latino/a immigrant households. Results suggest that having nonparental caregivers with low early academic skills beliefs may be especially detrimental for children from Latino/a immigrant households.

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Mantovani, Debora, Giancarlo Gasperoni, and Marco Albertini. "Higher education beliefs and intentions among immigrant-origin students in Italy." Ethnicities 18, no. 4 (May 30, 2018): 603–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796818777549.

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The article addresses beliefs about higher education and ensuing intentions among a large sample of upper secondary school leavers in Italy, with a focus on children of immigrants. ‘Foreign’ students currently account for 7% of upper secondary students, and their incidence has been growing over time. Only a minority of non-Italian students continue their studies at the university level versus a majority of Italians. The article investigates the extent to which students of non-Italian origin differ from their native fellow students in terms of characteristics associated with a higher likelihood of enrolling in tertiary education The study draws on a survey involving over 5600 last-year upper secondary students – 525 of whom are of immigrant origin – in Italy during the 2013/14 school year. After a brief overview of the evolution and current situation of first and second generations in Italian upper secondary schooling, the text describes similarities and differences between native and non-native students with regard to a set of key features. An exploration of school leavers’ beliefs about the benefits of higher education and its link to the labour market reveals that immigrant-origin students have slightly less favourable views of higher education with respect to their Italian schoolmates. Finally, the analysis turns to school leavers’ intentions to enrol at university, which is examined via a set of binomial regression models, which suggest that immigrant-origin youths’ weaker higher education intentions are largely due to prior decisions in favour of non-academic school tracks.

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Chen, Jennifer J., Peizhen Sun, and Zuwei Yu. "A Comparative Study on Parenting of Preschool Children Between the Chinese in China and Chinese Immigrants in the United States." Journal of Family Issues 38, no. 9 (December 3, 2015): 1262–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x15619460.

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The goal of this questionnaire-based study was to compare the relative endorsement of specific parenting patterns among two ethnic Chinese groups rearing preschool children: Chinese parents in China ( N = 117) and first-generation Chinese immigrant parents in the United States ( N = 94). A significant interaction effect was found between country and gender on the nonreasoning/punitive dimension of authoritarian parenting, revealing that Chinese fathers endorsed this pattern more strongly than both Chinese immigrant fathers and Chinese mothers. There was also a significant interaction effect between country and gender on the practice of shaming/love withdrawal, indicating that Chinese fathers espoused this pattern more strongly than Chinese immigrant fathers and Chinese mothers, but Chinese immigrant mothers endorsed it more strongly than Chinese immigrant fathers. Furthermore, it was revealed that Chinese immigrants endorsed beliefs about maternal involvement more strongly than their Chinese counterparts. The results are discussed in the context of cultural and contextual influences.

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Kumsuk, Suwattana, Louise H. Flick, and Joanne K. Schneider. "Development of the Thai Breast Cancer Belief Scale for Thai Immigrants in the United States." Journal of Nursing Measurement 20, no. 2 (2012): 123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.20.2.123.

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Asian American women have not benefited from the decline in breast cancer mortality and have lower rates of mammography use. Understanding mammography behaviors among these Asian American women requires culturally specific measures. Champion’s Belief Scale was translated into Thai and cultural items were added. The Thai Breast Cancer Belief Scale (TBCBS), the Suinn-Lew Self-Identification Acculturation, and the Asian Values Scale-Revised were administered to 250 Thai immigrants. The TBCBS was tested for face validity, construct validity, and internal consistency. Factor analysis reflected the 4 constructs of the Health Belief Model and accounted for 45.8% of the variance. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from .77 to .90. Modest correlations were observed between TBCBS subscales and acculturation scales. Results indicate that the TBCBS measures breast cancer beliefs among Thai immigrant population.

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Ashing, Kimlin Tam, Lenna Dawkins-Moultin, Marshalee George, Gerard M. Antoine, Marcella Nunez-Smith, and Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable. "Across borders: thoughts and considerations about cultural preservation among immigrant clinicians." International Journal for Quality in Health Care 31, no. 8 (January 11, 2019): G103—G105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzy256.

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Abstract Immigrant clinicians make up 20–28% of the health workforce in many high-income countries, including Australia, Britain, Canada and the USA. Yet, the preserved culture of immigrant clinicians remains largely invisible in the medical literature and discourse. Research on immigrant clinicians primarily attends to medical professional requirements for the adopted country (medical board examination eligibility, fellowship training and licensing). Cultural preservation among immigrant clinicians has not been adequately considered or studied. This paper highlights this notable gap in healthcare delivery and health services research relevant to immigrant clinicians. We propose it is worthwhile to explore possible relationships between immigrant clinicians’ preserved culture and clinical practices and outcomes since immigrant clinicians cross borders with their academic training as well as their culture. The sparse literature regarding immigrant clinicians suggests culture influences health beliefs, attitudes about the meaning of illness and clinical practice decisions. Additionally, immigrant clinicians are more likely to serve rural, low-income populations; communities with high density of ethnic minorities and immigrants; and areas with primary care shortage. Therefore, cultural preservation among immigrant clinicians may have important implications for public health and health disparities. This area of inquiry is important, if not urgent, in health services research.

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Biró, Enikő. "Travelling among Languages – Comparing Language Learning Beliefs of Learners at Home Versus Migrant or Immigrant Workers." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausp-2015-0044.

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Abstract The paper presents a qualitative approach to language learning beliefs while analysing case studies in detail to offer significant insight into these beliefs and language learning as well. A number of studies have shown that the belief system of language learners plays a decisive role in their success and failure in language learning (Bernat & Gvozdenko 2005; Horwitz 2008). The research presents the content analysis of interviews with bilingual participants. Interviews were carried out with migrant workers, other interviews with bilingual students in Romania, as well as online interviews with immigrant workers in the EU. The paper explores different beliefs learners hold regarding learning languages. By comparing migrant workers’ and students’ beliefs the complexity of positive and negative beliefs are presented. These may change due to previous and current language learning experiences, cultural-, social-, and educational background, personality traits, etc. The result of the qualitative analysis has shown that beliefs are linked to the particular language placed in a socialcultural dimension; the same beliefs may not be possible to be transferred to the next language being learnt, individual differences in beliefs regarding learning languages and their dynamic change in different language learning processes are investigated in details.

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Ulitsa, Natalie, Heidi Keller, and Hiltrud Otto. "Training 3-Month-Old Babies for the Future." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 48, no. 2 (November 23, 2016): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022116678323.

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This study focuses on parenting, both as a belief system and a set of practices, in a context of cultural transition during immigration. Parenting beliefs and practices are modified in the process of immigration by negotiating cultures when new cultural sensibilities are constructed. The main focus of our study was parenting beliefs and practices among 1.5 generation of Jewish immigrant mothers from Former Soviet Union (FSU). We compared socialization goals of this group ( n = 30) with first generation ( n = 15) of FSU immigrant mothers and with secular nonimmigrant Israeli born mothers ( n = 20). Our results indicate that the most important socialization goal—education, learning, and goal orientation—does not differ between the first generation and 1.5 generation of immigrant mothers, reflecting preservation of major values from the culture of origin. The second and third most important socialization goals of the 1.5-generation FSU immigrant mothers, self-confidence and social skills, are the same as the goals of the Israeli secular mothers, pointing to a process of incorporation of adaptive values from the host society. However, Israeli mothers posed happiness, positivity, and joy of life as their preferred socialization goal for children. Moreover, this study showed that the 1.5-generation immigrant mothers’ socialization goals and perceptions of good mothering are reflected in their behavior and discourse practices toward their babies during play situations.

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Ahad, Fatema Binte, Cathleen D. Zick, Sara E. Simonsen, Valentine Mukundente, France A. Davis, and Kathleen Digre. "Assessing the Likelihood of Having a Regular Health Care Provider among African American and African Immigrant Women." Ethnicity & Disease 29, no. 2 (April 18, 2019): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.29.2.253.

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Objective: Immigrants, especially refugees, face unique barriers to accessing health care relative to native born Americans. In this study, we examined how immigration status, health, barriers to access, and knowledge of the health care system relate to the likelihood of having a regular health care provider.Methods: Using logistic regression and data from a community-based participatory study, we estimated the relative likelihood that an African immigrant woman would have a regular health care provider compared with an African American woman.Results: Immigrant status remains a powerful predictor of whether a woman had a regular health care provider after controlling for covariates. African immigrants were 73% less likely to have a regular health care provider than were otherwise similar African American women.Conclusion: Expanding health care educational efforts for immigrants may be warranted. Future research should examine how cultural beliefs and time in residence influence health care utilization among US immigrants. Ethn Dis. 2019;29(2):253-260; doi:10.18865/ed.29.2.253

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Verkuyten, Maykel. "Dual identity and immigrants’ protest against discrimination: The moderating role of diversity ideologies." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 20, no. 6 (February 21, 2016): 924–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430216629813.

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Discrimination of immigrant groups is an important social problem in many societies around the world. This study examines the moderating role of cultural diversity beliefs on the relation between dual identity and the intention to protest against immigrants’ discrimination. An experimental study was conducted among national samples of the three main immigrant-origin groups in the Netherlands. It was found that dual identity predicted the intention to protest against discrimination more strongly within a context of multicultural recognition compared to a context of assimilation or interculturalism. This demonstrates that multicultural recognition is a facilitating condition for dual identifiers to get involved in collective action for social change.

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Felsenstein, Denise R. "Providing Culturally Sensitive Nursing Care for Vulnerable Immigrant Populations." Creative Nursing 25, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1078-4535.25.2.133.

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Vulnerable immigrant populations require culturally sensitive nursing care that shows respect for their beliefs and values, and fosters trusting relationships by allowing the time required to communicate in their language of origin. Transcultural Nursing Theory (Leininger & McFarland, 2002) provides a philosophical foundation for nursing care of immigrant populations. Harsh political policies involving undocumented immigrants can erode trust and cause fear of all U.S. institutions, including the health-care system. Separating families in an effort to deter entry into the United States without documentation can lead to detrimental effects on the children (Perreira & Pedroza, 2019). The American Nurses Association's Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements (2015) addresses the protection of vulnerable populations.

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Wong-Kim, Evaon, Angela Sun, and Michael C. Demattos. "Assessing Cancer Beliefs in a Chinese Immigrant Community." Cancer Control 10, no. 5_suppl (September 2003): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107327480301005s04.

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Alemu, Brook T., Kristy L. Carlisle, and Sara N. Abate. "First-generation Ethiopian immigrants and beliefs about physical activity." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 17, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-02-2019-0024.

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Purpose While several studies have examined the attitudes, perceptions and beliefs of physical activity in different immigrant groups, little is known in this area among the first-generation Ethiopian immigrant population who lives in the USA. The purpose of this paper is to explore the behavioral, normative and control beliefs of physical activity among first-generation Ethiopian immigrants living in the DC-Metro area. Design/methodology/approach The study used semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and unobtrusive observation. Three structural themes and six textural themes were identified from the three forms of data collections. Qualitative data analysis including topics, categories and pattern analysis were conducted using phenomenological techniques. Findings Findings highlighted similarities to the theory of planned behavior with regard to attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Consistent with the literature, several salient behavioral determinants of physical activity that could affect participants’ decision-making were identified in the current pilot study. Increased longevity, mental well-being, improved sleep and improved metabolism were listed as the most common benefits of physical activity. Lack of time, family responsibility, neighborhood safety, location of the gym, lack of awareness and social and economic stressors were the major barriers to engage in physical activity. Implications for service providers and future research are discussed. Practical implications This study supported the need for future research into the social aspects of physical activity, as well as barriers to physical activity, including time, family responsibility, culture, income and neighborhood safety. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study exploring the behavioral, normative and control beliefs of physical activity among first-generation Ethiopian immigrants. To understand the beliefs, desires and barriers to physical activity in this population subgroup, the authors examined the behavioral, normative and control beliefs of regular moderate-intensity physical activity using the theory of planned behavior as a conceptual framework. As health education researchers, it is their responsibility to develop theory-driven policies and interventions to promote a healthy lifestyle among these underserved populations.

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Lindsay, Ana Cristina, Sherrie F. Wallington, Mary L. Greaney, Maria Helena Hasselman, Marcia Maria Tavares Machado, and Raquel S. Mezzavilla. "Brazilian Immigrant Mothers’ Beliefs and Practices Related to Infant Feeding: A Qualitative Study." Journal of Human Lactation 33, no. 3 (November 24, 2016): 595–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334416676267.

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Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life and timely introduction of appropriate solid foods are important determinants of weight status in infancy and later life stages. Disparities in obesity rates among young children suggest that maternal feeding practices during the first 2 years of life may contribute to these disparities. Brazilians are a growing immigrant group in the United States, yet little research has focused on parental beliefs and behaviors affecting the health of Brazilian immigrant children in the United States. Research aim: This study aimed to explore beliefs and infant-feeding practices of Brazilian immigrant mothers in the United States. Methods: Focus group discussions were conducted with Brazilian immigrant mothers. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis and themes categorized using the socioecological model. Results: Twenty-nine immigrant Brazilian mothers participated in the study. Analyses revealed that all participants breastfed their infants. The majority initiated breastfeeding soon after childbirth. However, most mothers did not exclusively breastfeed. They used formula and human milk concomitantly. Family and culture influenced mothers’ infant-feeding beliefs and practices in early introduction of solid foods. Conclusion: As the number of children in the United States growing up in families of immigrant parents increases, understanding influences on Brazilian immigrant mothers’ infant-feeding practices will be important to the development of effective interventions to promote healthy infant feeding and weight status among Brazilian children. Interventions designed for Brazilian immigrant families should incorporate an understanding of social context, family, and cultural factors to develop health promotion messages tailored to the needs of this ethnic group.

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March, Sebastià, Barbara Villalonga, Carmen Sanchez-Contador, Clara Vidal, Aina Mascaro, Maria de Lluc Bennasar, and Magdalena Esteva. "Barriers to and discourses about breast cancer prevention among immigrant women in Spain: a qualitative study." BMJ Open 8, no. 11 (November 2018): e021425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021425.

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ObjectivesTo identify knowledge, barriers and discourses about breast cancer screening in Spain among female immigrants from low-income countries and native Spanish women from a low socioeconomic class.DesignQualitative interview study with thematic analysis interpreted using cultural mediators.SettingMallorca, Spain.ParticipantsThirty-six in-depth interviews, using cultural mediators, of immigrant women living in Mallorca who were 50–69 years old and were from Maghreb, Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, Latin America, China or were native to Spain and from a low socioeconomic class.ResultsWe analysed the interviews to assess breast cancer perceptions and beliefs, discourses about breast cancer prevention and barriers to accessing breast cancer prevention programmes. Although the women reported an association of breast cancer with death, they acknowledged the effectiveness of early detection. They also exhibited reluctance to talk about cancer. Discourses about cancer prevention tended to be proactive or fatalistic, depending on the woman’s country of origin. For all women, fear of results and lack of time were barriers that limited participation in breast cancer prevention programmes. Language barriers, frequent changes of residence and fear due to status as an irregular (undocumented) immigrant were barriers specific to immigrant women.ConclusionsThe culture of origin affects whether an immigrant has a fatalistic or proactive approach toward breast cancer screening. Immigrants from low-income countries and Spanish natives from a low socioeconomic class experience barriers in access to breast cancer screening. Frequently changing homes is also a barrier for immigrant women.

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Acheson, Nicholas, and Rachel Laforest. "The Expendables: Community Organizations and Governance Dynamics in the Canadian Settlement Sector." Canadian Journal of Political Science 46, no. 3 (August 28, 2013): 597–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423913000450.

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Abstract.An emerging pattern of governance in contemporary liberal democratic welfare states is a move away from interest group representation and a public sphere organized around demands for extensions of rights to something much more constrained. This article asks how such a profound shift in representation has occurred through governance spaces that are co-constructed by community organizations. It examines the case of Canadian immigrant settlement where beliefs about citizen representation, the role of the state and the nature of the public sphere have undergone profound change, leaving immigrant organizations as either marginal players or fully incorporated in state sanctioned immigrant service provision. Drawing on documentary evidence and interviews with immigrant organizations and public officials in Ottawa, it shows how immigrant organizations have actively interpreted their interests in the light of this changing web of beliefs to co-construct a new policy regime that favours organizational interests over citizen participation.Résumé.Au cours des dernières décennies, une des tendance de gouvernance qui se desssine dans la plupart des États providence est que l'espace de représentation politique et de la défense des droits collectifs est devenu de plus en plus restraint. Cet article examine comment ce changement a pris forme dans des espaces de gouvernance qui sont de plus en plus marqués par une interaction dynamique de coconstruction des politiques publiques. L'analyse est basée sur une étude de cas d'organismes communautaires oeuvrant dans le domaine de l'intégration des immigrants dans la ville d'Ottawa. L'analyse de documents et les entrevues qualitatives révèlent que les organismes ont stratégiquement redéfinis leurs intérêts en matière de représentation politique et ont contribué à la coconstruction d'un nouveau régime de gouvernance qui privilégie les intérêts organisationnels au-dessus de la participation citoyenne.

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Wong, Rose, Dong Li Hou, and Evaon Wong-Kim. "Understanding Family Connections and Help Seeking Behavior in Chinese American Immigrant Adults who Attempt Suicide." Open Family Studies Journal 7, no. 1 (July 30, 2015): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874922401507010068.

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Aim: This study explores the influence of beliefs, values and norms in Chinese family culture as they relate to attitudes and beliefs about mental health and mental health services. It examines family and acculturative stressors occurring in the immigrant’s social context on attitudes about suicidal distress and help-seeking behaviors, and focuses on appropriate forms of services for suicidal behaviors among adult immigrants experiencing suicidal behaviors. Methods: The study design is descriptive, using a qualitative approach. Six Chinese American immigrant adults who had attempted suicide participated in semi-structured interviews in Mandarin or Cantonese. The content was analyzed using a constant comparative approach. Results: Study participants exhibited various reactions to suicidal distress, attitudes about needing help and usefulness and relevance of existing intervention strategies and services that reflected influences of Chinese family culture. Interactions with family members negatively impacted study participants’ attitudes about using services and hindered pathways to care. Acculturative stressors, along with weak family ties and the absence of strong community networks exacerbated the strategies for effective services. Conclusion: This study raises the question of the efficacy of several Western-culture based service delivery models on help-seeking behaviors on such populations. Furthermore, the study discusses ethnic sensitive approaches with core roles for family, peers and community for supporting those at risk of attempting suicide and linking them to appropriate community-based services.

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Jieun Jung. "The Beliefs about Language Learning of Vietnamese Immigrant Women." Bilingual Research ll, no. 55 (June 2014): 353–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17296/korbil.2014..55.353.

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Souto, Rafaella Queiroga, Sepali Guruge, Miriam Aparecida Barbosa Merighi, and Maria Cristina Pinto de Jesus. "Intimate Partner Violence Among Older Portuguese Immigrant Women in Canada." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 34, no. 5 (April 24, 2016): 961–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516646101.

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One third of the immigrant population around the world is made up of women. Of these women, many belong to the Portuguese community. Immigrants account for more than one in five Canadians. The Portuguese older immigrant women living in Canada are vulnerable to be victims of intimate partner violence (IPV), which is a prevalent and important global health issue that affects differently diverse groups. There are few available researches regarding IPV on this population. The objective of this study is to understand how Portuguese older immigrant women living in Canada experience IPV. This is a qualitative study with a social phenomenological focus. Alfred Schutz’s motivation theory was used to analyze the impulses that led older women to face IPV. The data were collected from July to October 2013 in the Greater Toronto Area. Ten women 60 years or older were included in the study. The participants perceived themselves as being victimized by their current or ex partners. They are unhappy and suffer from a variety of health problems, which they related to their experience of IPV. These factors, along with participants’ personal beliefs, and their legal situations as immigrants in Canada, made them act, either in a way that would try to maintain their relationships, or tried to escape the violent situation. IPV is a complex phenomenon, with different perceptions surrounding it. The experiences of the older immigrant women showed that ending the marriage is not always a possibility to them because of cultural issues and their immigrant status in Canada. Some women wish help and support to improve their relationships.

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Pham, T. "Anthropology and Social Work: Moroccan Immigrant Women in Spain." Practicing Anthropology 35, no. 4 (September 1, 2013): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.35.4.x5175p2935x11504.

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Despite immigrants having a plethora of ideas, beliefs, and practices, social work practice in Spain does not account for the profound variety of cultures. Part of the reason is that social work in Spain is still developing as a profession (Báñez Tello 2004). Practitioners have a 240-hour internship and take a series of courses on general "immigration," which lumps the various groups into stringent categories, in order to obtain their certificate in social work. With the scant postgraduate training and professional supervision, Spanish social workers often scramble to find information about their specialization in the field, such as working with various ethnic immigrant groups (Fernández García and Carmen Alemán Bracho 2006).

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McEwen, Marylyn Morris, and Joyceen Boyle. "Resistance, Health, and Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Mexican Immigrants at the U.S.-Mexico Border." Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 21, no. 3 (September 2007): 185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/088971807781503729.

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Mexican immigrants living in the U.S.-Mexico border region are confronted with different national explanations about latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and preventive treatment. The purpose of this study was to explore how a group of Mexican immigrant women (N = 8) at risk of LTBI treatment failure interpreted and ultimately resisted LTBI preventive treatment. A critical ethnographic methodology, grounded in asymmetrical power relations that are historically embedded within the U.S.-Mexico border culture, was used to examine the encounters between the participants and the health care provider. The study findings are discussed from the perspective of women who experienced oppression and resistance in the U.S.-Mexico border region, providing an account of how Mexican immigrant women become entangled in U.S.-Mexico TB health policies and through resistance manage to assert control over health care choices. In the context of the U.S.-Mexico border region, health care professionals must be skilled at minimizing asymmetrical power relations and use methods that elicit immigrant voices in reconciling differences in health beliefs and practices.

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Che Mustafa, Mazlina, Azila Alias, and Juppri Bacotang. "Sociocultural Adaptation for Asian Immigrant English Language Learners." Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI6 (January 30, 2019): 1132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.1132.1138.

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This phenomenological study discusses sociocultural adaptation, as one of the findings emerged from the study, among Asian immigrant English language learners (ELLs) and their parents, as well as New Zealand early childhood teachers. The focus of the study is on the analysis of early childhood teachers’ beliefs about how they can support English acquisition among Asian immigrant ELLs and how these beliefs influence the teachers’ practices in early childhood education (ECE) settings as they adapt themselves.The theoretical framework of this research draws on a range of sociocultural perspectives, including (i) the sociocultural positions initially defined by Lev (1978); (ii) the notion of guided participation articulated by Barbara (2003) (iii) theories of second language acquisition discussed by Lantolf and Thorne (2000); and by Krashen (1982); Krashen (1985) and (iv) acculturation as addressed by Berry (2001). The main participants of this study were seven early childhood teachers and six Asian immigrant ELLs from two ECE centres. Four Asian parents participated in interviews to ascertain the parents’ perspectives about their children’s learning of English and their maintenance of home language. Research methods for the teachers included observations and semi-structured pre- and post-observation interviews. For each centre, observations were carried out over a six week period which enabled a series of snapshots of how the teachers supported the ELLs as they acquired English. The findings were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that there were dissonances between the teachers’ beliefs and their practices, as well as variation between individual teachers’ beliefs and practices. This study will provide a basis from which to consider how early childhood teachers in New Zealand can draw upon sociocultural perspectives to better support ELLs as they acquire English, while valuing and supporting their linguistic and cultural backgrounds.

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Lindsay, Ana, Carlos Moura Arruda, Márcia Tavares Machado, Gabriela De Andrade, and Mary Greaney. "Exploring Brazilian Immigrant Mothers’ Beliefs, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Their Preschool-Age Children’s Sleep and Bedtime Routines: A Qualitative Study Conducted in the United States." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 9 (September 4, 2018): 1923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091923.

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In the United States (US), racial/ethnic minority children, low-income children, and children of immigrant families are at increased risk of childhood obesity. Mounting evidence documents that sleep duration and sleep quality are important modifiable factors associated with increased risk of obesity among preschool-aged children. The number of Brazilian immigrants in the US is increasing, yet no existing research, to our knowledge, has examined factors affecting sleep and bedtime routines of children of Brazilian immigrant families. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative study was to explore Brazilian immigrant mothers’ beliefs, attitudes, and practices related to sleep and bedtime routines among preschool-aged children. Seven focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 37 Brazilian immigrant mothers of preschool-age children living in the US. The audio-recordings of the FGDs were transcribed verbatim in Portuguese without identifiers and analyzed using thematic analyses. Mothers also completed a brief questionnaire assessing socio-demographic and acculturation. Analyses revealed that most mothers were aware of the importance of sleep and sleep duration for their children’s healthy growth and development. Mothers also spoke of children needing consistent bedtime routines. Nevertheless, many mothers reported inconsistent and suboptimal bedtime routines (e.g., lack of predictable and orderly bedtime activities such as bath, reading, etc. and use of electronics in bed). These suboptimal routines appeared to be influenced by day-to-day social contextual and environmental factors that are part of Brazilian immigrant families’ lives such as parents’ work schedule, living with extended family, living in multi-family housing, neighborhood noise, etc. Analyses identified several modifiable parenting practices related to young children’s sleep and bedtime routines (e.g., irregular bedtime, late bedtime, inconsistent bedtime routines, use of electronics in bed, etc.) that can be addressed in parenting- and family-based obesity prevention interventions. Interventions should consider the social context of the home/family (e.g., parents’ work schedules) and the environment (e.g., multi-family housing; neighborhood noise, etc.) faced by Brazilian immigrant families when developing health promotion messages and parenting interventions tailored to this ethnic group.

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Cohen, Shana R., and Jessica Miguel. "Amor and Social Stigma: ASD Beliefs Among Immigrant Mexican Parents." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 48, no. 6 (January 9, 2018): 1995–2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3457-x.

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Abu-Ras, Wahiba. "Cultural Beliefs and Service Utilization by Battered Arab Immigrant Women." Violence Against Women 13, no. 10 (October 2007): 1002–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801207306019.

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Bullock, Heather E., and Irma Morales Waugh. "Beliefs About Poverty and Opportunity Among Mexican Immigrant Farm Workers1." Journal of Applied Social Psychology 35, no. 6 (June 2005): 1132–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02163.x.

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Alisaari, Jenni, Salla Sissonen, and Leena Maria Heikkola. "Teachers’ beliefs related to language choice in immigrant students’ homes." Teaching and Teacher Education 103 (July 2021): 103347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2021.103347.

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Erisen, Cengiz, and Cigdem Kentmen-Cin. "Tolerance and perceived threat toward Muslim immigrants in Germany and the Netherlands." European Union Politics 18, no. 1 (November 11, 2016): 73–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116516675979.

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This article studies how different types of tolerance and perceived threat affect opinions about the EU immigration policy in Germany and the Netherlands. We assess to what extent social and political tolerance for and sociotropic and personal threats from Muslim immigrants influence EU citizens’ beliefs that immigration is one of the most important issues facing the EU. By experimentally manipulating religion of immigrant, level of perceived threat, and type of tolerance, we examine how people’s attitudes on immigration policies change. Our findings shed light on how EU countries might deal with the rising tide of intolerance toward immigrants and Muslims, and how better policies of integration could be implemented in a multicultural Europe.

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Guruge, Sepali, Birpreet Birpreet, and Joan A. Samuels-Dennis. "Health Status and Health Determinants of Older Immigrant Women in Canada: A Scoping Review." Journal of Aging Research 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/393761.

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Increasing international migration in the context of aging populations makes a comprehensive understanding of older immigrant women’s health status and determinants of their health particularly urgent. Using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, we conducted a scoping review to examine the available literature on the health of older immigrant women in Canada. We searched CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases for the period of 1990 to 2014 for Canadian-based, peer-reviewed studies on the topic. A total of 20 articles met the inclusion criteria. These articles were divided into six areas of focus: physical health; mental health; abuse; health promotion and chronic disease prevention; barriers to healthcare access and utilization; and health beliefs, behaviours, and practices. Our results show that the health of older immigrant women is affected by the interplay of various social determinants of health including the physical and social environment; economic conditions; cultural beliefs; gendered norms; and the healthcare delivery system. Our results also revealed that older immigrant women tend to have more health problems, underutilize preventive services, such as cancer screening, and experience more difficulties in accessing healthcare services.

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Chansky, Melanie. "Assessing the Needs of the Northern Virginia Sierra Leonean Community." Practicing Anthropology 27, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.27.2.vr1063147n116402.

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Many service providers around the country target programs towards immigrant and refugee groups, with varying levels of success. These immigrant groups represent many different nations and many different languages, and it is often impossible to easily obtain information on the characteristics of these communities. This lack of knowledge of the target populations may not always cause a project or a program to fail, but it can often represent a formidable obstacle to success. But this is not surprising; after all, how can we possibly provide effective social services to our populations without recognition of the culture, beliefs, language, etc. of the communities we are trying to reach? To have truly effective services, providers must not only make these services understandable and accessible to the target groups, but must assure that they meet the needs that the immigrants and refugees themselves feel are important to their everyday lives.

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Gui, Gabriela E. "The (Mis) Education of Immigrant Children in Today’s America." European Journal of Language and Literature 5, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejls-2019.v5i2-199.

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In today’s America, not every child starts on a level playing field, and very few children move ahead based solely on hard work or talent. Generational poverty and a lack of cultural capital hold many students back, robbing them of the opportunity to move up professionally and socially. Children of immigrants are especially at-risk because, in addition to facing poverty, race, geographical location or economic disadvantages, they are also confronted with failure due to their limited or non-existent English proficiency. This study focuses on the degree to which teachers in a mid-sized urban school district take into consideration the individual needs of immigrant children in the process of their education. The study also examines the preparation teachers have had to equip them with knowledge of best practices in teaching immigrant children, and the relationship between teachers’ practices, beliefs, and their demographic and personal characteristics (age, gender, years of experience, level of education, etc.). Quantitative data was collected via a survey. Interviews with teachers and one central office administrator provided data for the qualitative section of the study. The findings revealed that teachers, in general, appeared to lack knowledge of specific policies for mainstreaming immigrant students into general education classrooms; their use of effective teaching practices for working with immigrant children were limited; and most of the teachers had not participated actively in professional development that focused on teaching immigrant children.

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Rieger, Erin Yildirim, Laura Terragni, and Elzbieta Anna Czapka. "Experiences and perceptions of body weight among Turkish immigrant women in Norway." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 17, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-08-2020-0077.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore beliefs and experiences of Turkish immigrant women in Norway related to body weight, nutrition and exercise practices. Design/methodology/approach This study has a qualitative research design. Ten semi-structured interviews and a focus group were conducted with a purposive sample of Turkish immigrant women residing in Oslo, Norway. Themes were identified in the transcripts using systematic text condensation. Findings Participants viewed Turkish women as more commonly overweight or obese compared to Norwegian women. Weight was discussed openly among Turkish women and a preference to lose weight, both as individuals and among community members more broadly, also emerged. For participants, this represented a generational shift. Participants identified their barriers to weight loss, including norms around socialization and food in their community and exercise and eating practices during the long Nordic winter. Practical implications Participants expressed a tension between concern about health impacts of overweight and obesity and the desire to uphold cultural practices around food. Weight-related health-care initiatives for Turkish immigrant women can take into account such experiences shaped by their interaction with multiple cultures. Originality/value Participants emphasized that perspectives about weight in their Turkish immigrant community were influenced by the transition toward thin weight ideals in Turkey. Self-image regarding weight was also situated within the context of being immigrants in Norway.

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Ternikar, Farha. "To Arrange or Not: Marriage Trends in the South Asian American Community." Ethnic Studies Review 31, no. 2 (January 1, 2008): 153–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2008.31.2.153.

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The idea of the arranged marriage has always seemed “exotic” yet has fascinated the American public. Recent media coverage of arranged marriages is evident in popular periodicals such as the New York Times Online (August 17, 2000) and Newsweek (March 15, 1999). Foner highlights that the arranged marriage is an example of “the continued impact of premigration cultural beliefs and social practices” that South Asian immigrants have transported to the United States (Foner 1997, 964). She offers an interpretive synthesis by showing that “[n]ew immigrant family patterns are shaped by cultural meanings and social practices that immigrants bring with them from their home countries as well as by social, economic, and cultural forces in the United States” (Foner 2005, 157).

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Lin, Shu-hui, and Martha Jane Lash. "Chinese Immigrant Families Living in the US Practice Parental Involvement Differently." Journal of Family Diversity in Education 1, no. 2 (November 25, 2014): 67–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.53956/jfde.2014.32.

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A qualitative case study methodology was used to research and understand how five Chinese immigrant families support their children’s academic achievement through parental involvement at home and school. The study is derived from two research questions: (1) what are the parents’ educational beliefs in supporting their children’s school learning? and (2) what parental involvement steps do parents adopt to aid their children in achieving academic success? As the data indicated, these Chinese immigrant parents had high academic expectations for their children’s educational outcomes; they especially believe their children must master the English language (verbal and literacy) and have a sound mathematical knowledge base. Second, the study shows that these parents are highly engaged in home-based parent involvement (e.g., study areas, books and learning materials, teaching and assisting with math and language, especially, and all subject learning generally). It is also shows that these parents responded to “invitations” from the school for involvement. The findings of this study calls attention to the challenges and strategies of the Chinese immigrant families for school involvement and the need for a home‒school connection and parent‒teacher cooperation for the Chinese immigrant family

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Garcia, John A. "The Political Integration of Mexican Immigrants: Examining Some Political Orientations." International Migration Review 21, no. 2 (June 1987): 372–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838702100207.

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The significant influx of immigrants, historically and contemporarily, has had a major impact on all aspects of American society. One area that has received some attention, but warrants more, is the extent of political integration of immigrant populations. Political integration is defined as a process whereby a sense of cohesiveness, membership and attachment occurs for residents of the political community (political values, beliefs, citizen roles, etc.). Using the foreign-born segment of the National Chicano Survey, this article identifies three critical political orientations (i.e., individual/system blame, perceived discrimination, and support for collective activities) and relates them to sociocultural characteristics of the immigrants. Political integration for Mexican immigrants is a slow and uneven process. One implication of the uneveness of their political integration is the difficulty of mobilizing this segment of the Hispanic community to augment an already politically active group.

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Kung, Winnie W. "Consideration of Cultural Factors in Working with Chinese American Families with a Mentally Ill Patient." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 82, no. 1 (February 2001): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.221.

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Cultural beliefs of Chinese American families are discussed in relation to their caregiving experience of a mentally ill relative. Implications of such beliefs to mental health professionals are highlighted. Somatic factors and psychosocial stresses as causes of mental disorders are found compatible to the belief systems of these families. The stress-vulnerability dialysis is recommended as the explanatory model to be adopted by clinicians when they communicate the causes of mental illness to these families. In view of the pressure experienced by these families in the caregiving process and their relative social isolation as a result of their immigrant status, ways to harness the support from extended families and community resources are suggested. Also examined is a viable working alliance between these families and clinicians in terms of a therapeutic bond, consensual treatment goals, and relevant tasks. Finally, elements of a family intervention model compatible with cultural beliefs of these families are proposed.

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Liamputtong Rice, Pranee. "Childhood Health and Illness: Cultural Beliefs and Practices among the Hmong in Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 4, no. 4 (1998): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py98060.

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This paper examines the cultural construction of childhood illness among Hmong refugees from Laos who are living in Australia. It focuses on traditional patterns of beliefs and practices related to health and illness of newborn infants and young children. The Hmong treat childhood health and illness seriously, and for them there are several causes of childhood illness, including nature, souls, supernatural beings and human aggression. The roles of traditional healers who play an important part in childhood health and illness are also discussed. Lastly, the paper attempts to make clear some implications for child health services for immigrants such as the Hmong in Australia and elsewhere. The paper intends to contribute an anthropological perspective on child health which is particularly important in a multicultural society. A clear understanding by health professionals of cultural beliefs and expectations is essential if misunderstanding is to be avoided, and culturally appropriate and sensitive health care for immigrant children, such as the Hmong to be available.

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Liu, Qi. "A Close Look into an Immigrant Workers' Church in Beijing." Nova Religio 12, no. 4 (May 1, 2009): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2009.12.4.91.

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Christianity, although a worldwide religious tradition, is counted as a minority in the People's Republic of China (PRC), both by the Christians themselves and by non-believers. "House churches" in the PRC, being illegal and thus underground, are the "minority in a minority." Based on two years of participant-observation, I give a description of the beliefs and rituals of an immigrant workers' Protestant house church system in Beijing. Belief in the Christian God's ability to provide relief from suffering by performing earthly miracles and by bringing the faithful to eternal life in heaven are the main attractions drawing people to the house churches. I argue that the way the believers value and emphasize miracles performed by the Christian God is derived primarily from an orientation found in the Chinese popular religious tradition. Additionally, glorification of suffering in Christianity gives the believers inner strength to face the trials of the world.

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Kang, Hye-Kyung. "Influence of Culture and Community Perceptions on Birth and Perinatal Care of Immigrant Women: Doulas’ Perspective." Journal of Perinatal Education 23, no. 1 (2014): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.23.1.25.

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A qualitative study examined the perceptions of doulas practicing in Washington State regarding the influence of cultural and community beliefs on immigrant women’s birth and perinatal care, as well as their own cultural beliefs and values that may affect their ability to work interculturally. The findings suggest that doulas can greatly aid immigrant mothers in gaining access to effective care by acting as advocates, cultural brokers, and emotional and social support. Also, doulas share a consistent set of professional values, including empowerment, informed choice, cultural relativism, and scientific/evidence-based practice, but do not always recognize these values as culturally based. More emphasis on cultural self-awareness in doula training, expanding community doula programs, and more integration of doula services in health-care settings are recommended.

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Ahmad, Farah, Sarah Riaz, Paula Barata, and Donna E. Stewart. "Patriarchal Beliefs and Perceptions of Abuse among South Asian Immigrant Women." Violence Against Women 10, no. 3 (March 2004): 262–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801203256000.

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Brown, Christia Spears, and Christine A. Lee. "Impressions of Immigration: Comparisons between Immigrant and Nonimmigrant Children's Immigration Beliefs." Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 15, no. 1 (November 26, 2014): 160–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/asap.12067.

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Juarbe, Teresa C., Juliene G. Lipson, and Xiomara Turok. "Physical Activity Beliefs, Behaviors, and Cardiovascular Fitness of Mexican Immigrant Women." Journal of Transcultural Nursing 14, no. 2 (April 2003): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659602250623.

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Grewal, Sukhdev K., Radhika Bhagat, and Lynda G. Balneaves. "Perinatal Beliefs and Practices of Immigrant Punjabi Women Living in Canada." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 37, no. 3 (May 2008): 290–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2008.00234.x.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Immigrant beliefs'

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