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Academic literature on the topic 'Immersion evolution'
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Journal articles on the topic "Immersion evolution"
1
Kahouadji, Nabil, Niky Kamran, and Keti Tenenblat. "Local isometric immersions of pseudo-spherical surfaces and kth order evolution equations." Communications in Contemporary Mathematics 21, no. 04 (2019): 1850025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219199718500256.
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We consider the class of evolution equations of the form [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], that describe pseudo-spherical surfaces. These were classified by Chern and Tenenblat in [Pseudospherical surfaces and evolution equations, Stud. Appl. Math 74 (1986) 55–83.]. This class of equations is characterized by the property that to each solution of such an equation, there corresponds a 2-dimensional Riemannian metric of constant curvature [Formula: see text]. Motivated by the special properties of the sine-Gordon equation, we investigate the following problem: given such a metric, is there a local isometric immersion in [Formula: see text] such that the coefficients of the second fundamental form of the immersed surface depend on a jet of finite order of [Formula: see text]? We extend our earlier results for second-order evolution equations [N. Kahouadji, N. Kamran and K. Tenenblat, Local isometric immersions of pseudo-spherical surfaces and evolution equations, Fields Inst. Commun. 75 (2015) 369–381; N. Kahouadji, N. Kamran and K. Tenenblat, Second-order equations and local isometric immersions of pseudo-spherical surfaces, Comm. Anal. Geom. 24(3) (2016) 605–643.] to [Formula: see text]th order equations by proving that there is only one type of equation that admit such an isometric immersion. More precisely, we prove under the condition of finite jet dependency that the coefficients of the second fundamental forms of the local isometric immersion determined by the solutions [Formula: see text] are universal, i.e. they are independent of [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we show that there exists a foliation of the domain of the parameters of the surface by straight lines with the property that the mean curvature of the surface is constant along the images of these straight lines under the isometric immersion.
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Yin, Dawei, Shaojie Chen, Bing Chen, Rui Liu, and Faxin Li. "Experimental Study on Immersion Effects of Pressure Water on the Tensile Characteristics of Sandstone Samples." Geofluids 2021 (February 1, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6694881.
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In this study, Brazilian splitting tests were conducted on sandstone samples subjected to drying and immersing at water pressures of 0, 1, and 3 MPa (immersion duration of 120 h). Investigation of the immersion effects of pressure water on the tensile characteristics of the samples revealed that their tensile strengths decreased with the immersion water pressure. Relative to a sandstone sample subjected to drying alone, immersing at water pressures of 0, 1, and 3 MPa reduced the tensile strength by 12.96%, 19.03%, and 30.16%, respectively. Although the immersed samples experienced splitting failure indicative of obvious brittle failure characteristics, decreases in the postpeak stress reduction rate with immersion water pressure revealed that the intensity of brittle failure weakened with pressure. Based on the obtained data, the deformation evolution process of the sandstone samples could be divided into five stages: deformation adjustment, formation of local deformation zones, local deformation zone propagation, failure surface formation, and sample failure. The water pressure aggravated the physicochemical reactions between water and the hydrophilic minerals in the sandstone, promoting argillisation, dissolution, and loss of hydrophilic minerals and interparticle cementitious materials. As a result of these immersion micromechanisms, the deterioration of the sandstone samples increased with the immersion water pressure, with the average porosities of the fracture surfaces at 0, 1, and 3 MPa increasing by 142.86%, 368.37%, and 593.88%, respectively, relative to the dried sample. As a result of these morphological changes, the sandstone samples subjected to water pressure immersion failed at small axial stresses with low levels of applied mechanical energy.
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Kotani, Masahiro, Koutarou Nakamichi, Yusuke Yasufuku, and Hiroyuki Kawada. "Damage Evolution of Delayed Fracture in Woven GFRP under Hot Water Environment." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 1923–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1923.
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Present paper deals with the delayed fracture in woven GFRP underwater at elevated temperature. The tensile test of GFRP after water immersion was conducted to evaluate the residual strength ater immersion at various water temperatures. The residual strength of GFRP decreased with the increase in the water temperature and the immersion time. In fact, the transition in failure mode with water immersion was ascertained from SEM observation of the fracture surface. Additionally, creep test in air and under hot water at 95°C was conducted. The creep rupture time decreased drastically with water immersion, in contrast, creep rupture wasn’t observed from the creep test in air. It was clarified that the water immersion generated the transition in the failure mode of GFRP and therefore led to the acceleration of the strength degradation.
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Charmantier, G., M. Charmantier-Daures, S. L. Waddy, and D. E. Aiken. "Salinity Tolerance and Osmoregulation in the Nemertean Pseudocarcinonemertes homari, an Egg Predator of American Lobster, Homarus americanus." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, no. 2 (1991): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f91-028.
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The salinity tolerance and osmoregulation of Pseudocarcinonemertes homari were determined to develop a method for elimination of this nemertean from egg masses of American lobster, Homarus americanus. The lower and upper lethal salinities (LS50) for nemerteans are 11 and 45‰ at 7 °C and 19 and 37‰ at 14.5 °C. Immersion in freshwater was lethal in 4 min or less, depending on temperature. The nemerteans hyperosmoconformed over the range 10–1600 mosm∙kg−1. Lobster eggs (eye index [Formula: see text]) survived for 2–8 h when immersed in freshwater. Ovigerous lobster were not affected by a 5-min immersion in freshwater and were able to withstand at least 30 min if only the abdomen was immersed. Lobster eggs hatched and larvae developed normally up to at least stage IV, even after a 30-min freshwater immersion. These results suggest that nemerteans could be eliminated from American lobster by immersing their abdomen and attached eggs in freshwater for 5 min and immersing the entire lobster for an additional 5 min.
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Ge, Yongxiang, Congrui Zhang, Gaofeng Ren, and Luwei Zhang. "Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Behavior and Damage Evolution Mechanism of Oil-Impregnated Gypsum Rock." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (2022): 11172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811172.
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In order to realize the comprehensive utilization of the underground space formed by gypsum mining, with the core goal of building an oil storage depot in the gypsum mine goaf, the designed rock infiltration loading device was used to prepare gypsum rock samples immersed in oil for 0, 15, and 30 days for rock mechanics experiments. The influence of oil immersion on the mechanical behavior of the gypsum ore rock mass was studied, and the damage evolution mechanism of gypsum ore rock was explored through statistical fitting and normalized quantitative evaluation. The results show that, with the increase in oil immersion time, the peak stress and elastic modulus of gypsum rock both tend to decrease, and the decrease degree of each parameter is smaller when the confining pressure is higher. The normalized expression of each parameter of gypsum ore and rock with the oil immersion time was established, the deterioration coefficient of each parameter was defined, and the influence law of the oil immersion time on each parameter was analyzed. With the increase in oil immersion time, the internal friction angle of gypsum ore rock exhibited an increasing trend, while the other parameters exhibited a decreasing trend. The oil immersion time had the greatest influence on the cohesion of gypsum ore rock, followed by peak stress, internal friction angle, and elastic modulus. Moreover, it was further demonstrated that high confining pressure conditions weaken the deterioration effect of oil immersion on gypsum rock, i.e., high confining pressure conditions are more conducive to crude oil storage. The research results herein provide theoretical support for the improvement of the theory of “treatment and utilization synergy” in gypsum mine goaf.
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Sun, Yu Jie, Qing Chun Cui, Chun Ming Shi, and Suo Huai Zhang. "Finite Element Modeling of Quenching Process Coupled with Phase Transformation Effect." Advanced Materials Research 1061-1062 (December 2014): 522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1061-1062.522.
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This paper presents a sequential coupled thermo-metallurgical-mechanical finite element model for low alloy steel quenching which can be used to predict temperature history, evolution of microstructure, internal stress and distortion. The main efforts are to develop a series of subroutines which consider the latent heat released due to phase transformation and numerical implementation of a thermo-metallurgical-mechanical constitute equation. The effectiveness of developed computational method is confirmed by a immersion quenching. Simulations of immersion quenching demonstrate that transformation induce plasticity has significant effect of the evolution of residual stress, distortion and can not be neglected for low alloy steel during immersion quenching.
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Wu, Xue Feng, Zu Quan Jin, Tie Jun Zhao, and Song Gao. "Damage of Cement Paste in Sulfate Environment with Different Temperature and Drying-Immersion Cycles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 2088–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.2088.
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Damage of cement paste under attack of sodium sulfate solution with different temperature and regime were carried out in this paper. Experimental study was executed on cement paste admixed by fly ash and GGBS. Sulfate concentration is 33.8g/l SO42- solution (5% by mass of Na2SO4). Two exposure regimes are employed in this study including immersion and drying-immersion cycles. In immersion regime, the temperature of sulfate solution is room temperature, 50°C and 80°C. Physical properties and sulfate ion distribution of paste were systematically tested during 150 days of sulfate exposure. And effects of raised temperature and drying-immersion cycles on deterioration of paste were also determined. The experimental results show that the strength, mass and expansion rate of paste improves initially and then progressively degrade until failure in sulfate environment. Beside chemical attack, which is major damage factor to paste in immersion regime, crystallized thenardite results in surface scaling of paste in drying-immersion cycles. Raised temperature and drying-immersion cycles accelerate the physical properties evolution process and increase the effective sulfate diffusion coefficient.
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Bernal, Raul Niño. "Evolutionary Immersion, Digital Arts, Science and Technology." ARJ – Art Research Journal / Revista de Pesquisa em Artes 2, no. 2 (2015): 11–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.36025/arj.v2i2.7287.
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A theoretical defense of aesthetics as an open science, of knowledge from the perspective of computational information and electronic networks. The transformation of technologies vis-à-vis the evolutionary creation and immersion of digital arts and the use of computing poses a wider conception about interaction, participation and visual concepts in terms of an event horizon. Artists and scientists who use the digital medium face two transformation processes in the creative milieu: in the first place, understanding the transformation of the matter used in the past to represent objects and works of art, now with information bytes, computing codes and algorithms. On the other hand, computational technologies used in order to share and transfer knowledge on the Internet, establishing social, academic and scientific ties leading to the creation of immersive relationships that explain a technological and creative evolution. Revision: Leslie H. Damasceno
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Ftiti, Sondes, Sandra C. Cifuentes, Awatef Guidara, Joaquín Rams, Hassib Tounsi та Juan P. Fernández-Blázquez. "The Structural, Thermal and Morphological Characterization of Polylactic Acid/Β-Tricalcium Phosphate (PLA/Β-TCP) Composites upon Immersion in SBF: A Comprehensive Analysis". Polymers 16, № 5 (2024): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16050719.
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Biocomposite films based on PLA reinforced with different β-TCP contents (10%, 20%, and 25%wt.) were fabricated via solvent casting and immersed in SBF for 7, 14, and 21 days. The bioactivity, morphological, and thermal behavior of composites with immersion were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis, weight loss (WL), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). This broad analysis leads to a deeper understanding of the evolution of the polymer–filler interaction with the degradation of the biocomposites. The results showed that β-TCP gradually evolved into carbonated hydroxyapatite as the immersion time increased. This evolution affected the interaction of β-TCP with PLA. PLA and β-TCP interactions differed from PLA and carbonated hydroxyapatite interactions. It was observed that β-TCP inhibited PLA hydrolysis but accelerated the thermal degradation of the polymer. β-TCP retarded the cold crystallization of PLA and hindered its crystallinity. However, after immersion in SBF, particles accelerated the cold crystallization of PLA. Therefore, considering the evolution of β-TCP with immersion in SBF is crucial for an accurate analysis of the biocomposites’ degradation. These findings enhance the comprehension of the degradation mechanism in PLA/β-TCP, which is valuable for predicting the degradation performance of PLA/β-TCP in medical applications.
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Beeman, Chris, and Eric B. Walton. "Wilderness Immersion Tuning: Education with Evolution and Neuroscience in Mind." Encounters in Theory and History of Education 17 (November 29, 2016): 178–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/eoe-ese-rse.v17i0.6345.
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These combined two papers make the case that certain kinds of learning in relatively less human-directed environments, which we call wilderness immersion tuning, not only make good evolutionary and neuroscience sense, but are needed for the optimal growth and learning of young people. The paper is presented in two parts. Part One makes a neuroscience-based case for learning in certain ways in wild spaces. It considers the philosophical idea of humans as embodied learners. It provides a connection between recent neuroscience discoveries and empirical studies highlighting the effectiveness of learning in nature. Part Two extends these neuroscience discoveries and particularly explores psycho-social maturation through learning in less human-controlled places. It calls for learning in wild places for early adolescent students. While the two parts are separated in order to meet editorial guidelines, they are necessarily intertwined and ought to be read as parts of a whole.