Dissertations / Theses: 'IMC'

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Pete, Thobeka Portia. "Deformation processed IMC-reinforced metal matrix composites." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07112009-040418/.

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Černý, Martin. "Konstrukční návrh uložení měřící aparatury IMC ve vozidle." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377458.

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Devices for measuring the dynamic load and vibration of certain parts of the bodywork or parts of other parts of the vehicle are made using accelerometers and measuring instruments IMC. It must be simply installed into the interior of the vehicle so that it is not necessary to remove any parts of the interior and to avoid damage to all parts of the interior. The preparation must also withstand the considerable dynamic load generated by the harder operation tests.

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Martucci, Mejía Francisco. "IMC-based Iterative Learning Control of a Solar Plant." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-164889.

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Arp, Sandrine. "Le subitizing chez l'enfant IMC : approche différentielle et développementale." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H007.

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A travers une population d'enfants infirmes moteurs cérébraux (IMC), les facteurs permettant l'émergence et le développement du subitizing sont étudiés. L'étude 1 évalue la capacité de subitizing des enfants IMC et teste le lien entre cette capacité et les capacités motrices qui participent à l'apprentissage du dénombrement. L'étude 2 compare les capacités de subitizing, de reconnaissance de configurations et visuo-spatiales. Enfin, l'étude 3 teste l'effet de l'inversion de contraste sur la capacité de subitizing. La majorité des enfants IMC ont une limite de subitizing inférieure aux enfants tout-venant, quel que soit le contraste. Mais, cette limite augmente avec l'âge dans les deux groupes. Le développement du subitizing semble retardé chez les enfants IMC par des troubles visuo-spatiaux. Nos résultats appuient les modèles postulant que le subitizing repose sur la reconnaissance de configurations et suggèrent que les routines visuo-spatiales sont nécessaires à leur mémorisation The factors likely to influence the emergence and the development of subitizing were analyzed, by testing a group of cerebral palsied (CP) children. The first study evaluates the CP children's subitizing limit, and its link with motor ability implied in the counting process. The second study compares subitizing, pattern recognition, and visuo-spatial abilities. Finally, a third study examines the effect of reversing the figure/background on subitizing limit. Most CP children have a lower subitizing limit than control children of the same age. However, subitizing limit improves with age in both groups, whatever the reversing of figure/background. CP children's subitizing limit appears to be delayed by visuo-spatial deficiency. It is likely that this deficiency does not allow a normal recognizing and memorizing of visual patterns. These results are congruent with the pattern recognition models of subitizing, and suggest that visuo-spatial routines are necessary to memorize these patterns

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Reyes, Vidal Dylan, and Moreno José Juan Velasco. "Influencia de la parasitosis intestinal en el Índice de masa corporal y rendimiento escolar en alumnos de primero y segundo grado (Ciclo 2017-2018) de la primaria “Prof. Isaías Q. Domínguez”, Temoaya, México." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/104784.

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La parasitosis intestinal es de importancia para la salud pública por su alta prevalencia, su distribución prácticamente mundial y sus efectos. La prevalencia mundial es de 270 millones de niños en edad prescolar y más de 600 millones en edad escolar que viven en zonas con intensa transmisión de parasitos. En México, la frecuencia de la enfermedad se encuentra entre las primeras 20 patologías en preescolares y escolares. Estas afecciones por parásitos intestinales afectan el desarrollo físico y mental de los niños, aunado a las condiciones precarias de vivienda e higiene, se estima que el 18.9% de la población escolar se encuentra infectada por parásitos, muchos no son diagnosticados, reportados, ni estudiados, variando la estadística de forma considerable en diferentes zonas del país. Por otro lado, las estadísticas nacionales de nutrición muestran, en el 2017 entre la edad de 5 a 9 años, una tasa por cada 100,000 habitantes de: 115.27 para desnutrición leve, 15.18 para moderada y 4.67 grave, 198.94 en obesidad, (no distingue grados). Por la edad, la secretaria de salud utiliza Índice masa corporal como principal método de evaluación y diagnóstico, motivo por el cual se utilizará en este trabajo. Esto no proporciona una evaluación completa, pero si rápida para iniciar con un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. (6; 28) Los estudios publicados que mencionan la relación entre parasitosis y desnutrición suelen ser significativa a nivel micronutriente, pero antropométricamente no se ha fijado una postura ya que la variabilidad de los factores de la población estudiada es mucha, aun así, los realizados en zona rural, en su mayoría, encuentran una relación. (7) A su vez, los niños escolares pasan la mayor parte de su tiempo en labores escolares y, en México, las estadísticas mundiales de rendimiento académico son muy bajas, los factores que contribuyen a esto son múltiples, pero nos enfocaremos al estado de nutrición y el padecimiento de parásitos intestinales para comprobar si, por su prevalencia alta, puedan ser significativos. Solo existe un estudio donde no se encontró relación, en México, los estudios no relacionan las 3 variables, pero si existe la relación de desnutrición y bajo rendimiento escolar. (29; 30) Este estudio se efectuó para dar a conocer como la incidencia de parasitosis en niños escolares está relacionada con la desnutrición que, a su vez, puede disminuir el rendimiento académico, afectando al niño respecto a su edad. Esto pretende ser útil al sistema de salud, fortalecer la prevención, mejorar las medidas higienico-dieteticas y mejorar la capacidad de aprendizaje en escolares, lo que aumentaría el nivel académico.

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Kerr, Gayle. "Integration and performance : an empirical study of how IMC works." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002.

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Müller, Daniel Curvello de Mendonça. "ADAPTAÇÃO DO INDICE DE MASSA CORPORAL HUMANO PARA CÃES." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10158.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The index of corporal mass (ICM) is broadlly used to measure the corporal mass of adults. A high fat index is related to heart and circulation problems, infertility, diabetes, arthritis, difficulty to move around or breathe and problems with cicatrization. Even though there are several studies about these problems, there is no specific method to evaluate weight excess in dogs objectively and precisely. The purpose of this research was to determine an index of corporal mass for dogs based on the existing IMC for human beings. Two hundred and forty six animals of no specific breed and different body conditions were analysed. They were not only measured and weighed, but also evaluated by two distinct veterinarians based on real subjective patterns, which can determine the corporal score. These procedures enabled the acknowledgement of the attained index. The conclusion was that IMCC between 11,8 and 15 kg/m² represent the ideal pattern for dogs of average size that weigh between 10 and 25 kilos. O índice de massa corporal (IMC) é largamente utilizado por médicos para quantificar a massa corporal de pessoas adultas. Índice elevado de gordura está relacionado com problemas cardiovasculares, infertilidade, diabetes, artrite, dificuldade em se locomover ou respirar e prejuízos na cicatrização de feridas. Apesar de todo o estudo que se tem a respeito desses problemas, não há um método preciso e objetivo para se quantificar o excesso de peso em cães. A proposta deste trabalho foi determinar um índice de massa corporal canino (IMCC), a partir do IMC existente para humanos. Foram medidos e pesados 246 animais, sem raça definida e com diferentes condições corporais. Para dar validade ao índice de massa corporal obtido, os animais também foram avaliados por dois veterinários segundo os padrões subjetivos, já existentes. Verificou-se que valores do IMCC entre 11,8 e 15 kg/m² refletem o peso ideal para cães de porte médio, cujo tipo físico possui média de peso entre 10 e 25 kg.

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Moreno, Patrícia Almeida Jacob. "Comparação do IMC estimado pelo método knee-height com o IMC convencional e o impacto sobre o diagnóstico do estado nutricional antropométrico de idosos negros." Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, 2010. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/15221.

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Submitted by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-07-16T20:12:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Patricia Almeida Moreno. 2010.pdf: 828032 bytes, checksum: 344cf314c0512a27470bf97bf1f721c9 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-07-16T20:32:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Patricia Almeida Moreno. 2010.pdf: 828032 bytes, checksum: 344cf314c0512a27470bf97bf1f721c9 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-16T20:32:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Patricia Almeida Moreno. 2010.pdf: 828032 bytes, checksum: 344cf314c0512a27470bf97bf1f721c9 (MD5) Objetivo: Comparar o estado antropométrico dos idosos negros a partir do IMC obtido pela altura estimada e a altura convencional. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado em amostra populacional de negros dos distritos sanitários (DS) Barra- Rio vermelho e Liberdade, na cidade de Salvador-Ba, sendo a população final do estudo constituída por 383 indivíduos com idade ≥ 60 anos. As variáveis do estudo foram: medidas antropométricas ― peso, altura e altura do joelho, índice de massa corpórea, cor autorreferida, escolaridade, nível socioeconômico. Utilizou-se o teste t-student pareado para analisar as diferenças de médias das medidas antropométricas e o teste de qui-quadrado para analisar as diferenças de proporções dos estratos do diagnóstico nutricional à partir do IMC convencional e do IMC estimado. Para a classificação da concordância de IMC´s foram calculados os valores de Kappa. Resultados: Dos idosos estudados 60,8% estavam na faixa etária 60-69 anos, predominando o sexo feminino (69,2%). A análise de concordância do IMCE apresenta para magreza em homens e mulheres 72,0% e 83,4%, respectivamente. Os valores observados de Kappa elevados para magreza e sobrepeso em ambos os sexos indicam que o IMC cuja altura foi estimada pelo Knee-height tem boa concordância com aquele obtido a partir de medidas convencionais de peso e altura. Tanto para a altura convencional, quanto para a altura estimada houve uma redução da altura média com o aumento da idade. Conclusão: Diante dos resultados encontrados, sugere-se, então, que na prática nutricional da assistência ao idoso, seja considerada a medida do joelho na estimativa da altura para efeito de cálculo do IMC e considerando que esta técnica é de baixo custo e de fácil aplicação pode ser utilizada em ambiente ambulatorial, domiciliar ou hospitalar. Objective: To compare the anthropometric status of elderly blacks from BMI obtained by the estimated height and conventional height. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study in a population sample of black health districts (DS) Barra-Rio Vermelho and Liberdade in the city of Salvador-BA, and the final study population consisted of 383 individuals aged ≥ 60 years. The study variables were: anthropometric measurements - weight, height and knee height, body mass index, self-reported color, education, socioeconomic level. We used the paired Student t test to analyze differences in mean values of anthropometric measures and chi-square test to analyze differences in proportions of the strata of nutritional diagnosis from the conventional BMI and BMI estimated. For classification concordance of BMI's were calculated Kappa values. Results: Of the elderly studied 60.8% were aged 60-69 years, predominantly female (69.2%). Concordance analysis of IMCE presents for men and women were 72.0% and 83.4%, respectively. It was observed that the high Kappa values for thinness and overweight in both sexes indicate that BMI whose height was estimated by Knee-height is in good agreement with that obtained from conventional measurements of height and weight. Both for the conventional height, the estimated height to the height was reduced with increasing average age. Conclusion: Considering the results, it is suggested, then, that in practice the nutritional care of the elderly, is considered as the estimation of knee height to calculate BMI and considering that this technique is inexpensive and easy application can be used in an outpatient setting, home or hospital.

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Franzén, Julia. ""Ser vad du skriver men jag har glömt vad det var"." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20433.

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Marknadsföring på sociala medier är ett område det forskas mycket om. Den medieintensivitet som präglar samhället idag gör ämnet högst aktuellt att undersöka och det finns flertalet intressanta perspektiv att utgå ifrån. För denna uppsats har det operativa arbetet för marknadskommunikation på sociala medier undersökts. Uppsatsen syftar till att ge en djupare förståelse för kommunikationsteorin IIMC (interaktiv integrerad marknadskommunikation) och identifiera samband mellan IIMC och arbetsprocessen för mediebyråer som erbjuder sociala medier som marknadsföringstjänst. För att nå detta syftar uppsatsen vidare till att formulera en modell för marknadskommunikation på sociala medier. Empiriskt material har samlats in genom fem kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer och kompletterats med innehållsanalyser genomförda på Facebooksidor och Instagramkonton tillhörande kundföretag till tre av de mediebyråer som deltagit i undersökningen. Som stöd till det empiriska materialet inhämtades kommunikationsteorier vilka verkade som teoretiskt ramverk för uppsatsen. Genom analys och diskussion uppenbarades att marknadsföring på sociala kanaler har genomgått stora förändringar senaste åren och utvecklas i hög takt. Med detta medföljer stora möjligheter men även svårigheter för marknadsförare som har svårt att hinna med i utvecklingen. Avslutningsvis formuleras en modell som visar på ett potentiellt arbetssätt för att kommunicera framgångsrikt på de sociala kanalerna framtagen på grunder från insamlad teori och empiri. Marketing on social media is an area that has been researched a lot. The media intense society that characterizes the world today makes this subject relevant to research, and there are several interesting perspectives to investigate. For this paper, the operational work of marketing on social media is investigated. The purpose of this paper is to provide a deeper understanding of the communication theory IIMC (Interactive Integrated Marketing Communications) and identify the connection between IIMC and the work process for media agencies that offer social media as a marketing service. To achieve the purpose, the paper aims to formulate a model for marketing on social media. The empirical material was gathered through five qualitative semistructured interviews and were complemented with content analyzes conducted on Facebook Pages and Instagram accounts belonging to customers to three of the media agencies that were interviewed. As a support to the empirical material collected, communication theories were collected and are shown as a theoretical framework for the thesis. Through analysis and discussion it was revealed that marketing on social channels have undergone major changes in recent years and have developed rapidly. With this come great opportunities but also difficulties for marketers who are struggling to keep up with the developments. Finally a model is formed that shows a potential process to follow in order to communicate successfully in the social channels. Keywords Social

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Anderson-White, Brooke R. "Identification and Characterization of the IMC Protein Family in Toxoplasma gondii." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2416.

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Thesis advisor: Marc-Jan Gubbels The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii divides rapidly and asexually through a unique process of internal daughter budding. The physical infrastructure for this process is the cytoskeleton, which is composed of subpellicular microtubules, flattened vesicles (alveoli), and a meshwork of intermediate filament-like proteins. This meshwork is composed of a family of 14 inner membrane complex (IMC) proteins that were identified based on the presence of a repeat sequence shared across the Alveolata, the alveolin-repeat. All 14 proteins were cloned as YFP fusions to study their subcellular localization and antibodies were generated against several representative IMC proteins. Each IMC displays unique spatio-temporal dynamics throughout development, but four physically distinct localizations were identified: eight IMCs localize to the alveoli, four IMCs localize to a structure known as the basal complex, IMC11 localizes to the apical cap in mature parasites, and IMC15 localizes primarily to the centrosomes and early buds. IMC15 is of particular interest because its appearance before membrane occupation and recognition nexus 1 (MORN1) in the early bud suggests that it is the first cytoskeletal component to associate with the buds. A conditional knockdown of this protein using the destabilization domain (DD) reveals IMC15 has a strong affinity for the centrosomes that overcomes targeting of the DD fusion protein to the proteasome and the presence of IMC15 in the early bud may not be necessary for the division process. Conditional knockdowns using a tetracycline repressible promoter reveal that a minimal amount of IMC15 is sufficient for parasite survival. In order to further characterize IMC15, dominant negative constructs based on mutating putative palmitoylation sites or overexpression of deletion constructs are being pursued. Collectively, the IMC family is being incorporated into the temporal and spatial dynamics of cytoskeletal development through the creation of a comprehensive timeline of daughter bud assembly. These findings are contributing unprecedented detail to the cell division process Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011 Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Discipline: Biology

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Costa, Ana Raquel Valente da. "Existe relação entre o IMC e a TSH em indivíduos eutiroideus?" Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/783.

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Introdução: A disfunção tiroideia influencia a massa corporal1, estando o hipertiroidismo associado a perda de peso e o hipotiroidismo a ganho. No entanto, no que diz respeito à associação de variações de peso a diferentes graus de função tiroideia dentro do considerado normal, pouco se sabe e a controvérsia é grande. Será que pequenas flutuações da função tiroideia, dentro do normal, poderão contribuir para alterações do peso? Objectivos: a) Averiguar a relação entre o IMC e os níveis da TSH, dentro do normal, como variáveis contínuas e por categorias. b) Comparar os IMC de diferentes tercis de TSH da amostra e as TSH entre obesos e não obesos. c) Por fim, estudar a relação entre a massa gorda e a TSH. Materiais e Métodos: Foram estudados dos cento e setenta e quatro indivíduos eutiroideus (cento e vinte mulheres e cinquenta e quatro homens), com idade média de 49,5±14,8 anos e IMC médio de 33,93±6,13 kg/m2 que tinham frequentado a Consulta de Nutrição e Actividade Física do Hospital Pêro da Covilhã, entre 2 de Janeiro de 2006 e 16 de Julho de 2009. Dados da função tiroideia normal, IMC e %MG foram recolhidos dos registos clínicos do hospital. Qualquer parâmetro da função tiroideia alterado era critério de exclusão. Procedeu-se à investigação de possíveis associações entre IMC, TSH e massa gorda. Resultados: Neste estudo, não se verificou correlação entre o IMC e a TSH, nem entre a massa gorda e a TSH, dentro do normal. Nenhuma diferença, estatisticamente significativa, entre os IMC foi encontrada quando se dividiu a TSH por tercis. O mesmo sucedeu quando se comparou a TSH de obesos e não obesos eutiroideus. Discussão e conclusão: Pelos dados da amostra, pode afirmar-se que, nem IMC e TSH, nem TSH e massa gorda estão associados, em indivíduos eutiroideus. Embora a disfunção tiroideia esteja relacionada com alterações do peso, conclui-se, por este estudo, que pequenas variações, dentro do normal, não estão relacionadas com alterações de peso e consequentemente do IMC. Introduction: Thyroid dysfunction influences body weight, being hypothyroidism associated to weight loss and hyperthyroidism to weight gain. However, in relation to association of variations in weight to different levels of thyroid function, in normal range, little is known and there is great controversy. Will little variations of thyroid function, within the normal range, contribute to changes in weight? Objectives: a) Investigate the relation between BMI and TSH, in normal range, as continuous and categorical variables b) Compare BMI of different TSH tertiles and compare TSH between obese and non obese subjects. c) At the end, study the relation between FAT and TSH. Materials and Methods: One hundred and seventy four euthyroid subjects were studied (one hundred and twenty women and fifty four men), with mean age equals to 49,5±14,8 years and mean BMI equals to 33,93±6,13 Kg/m2 , that have acceded Physical Activity and Nutrition Consultation of Pêro da Covilhã Hospital, between the second of January in 2006 and the sixteenth of July in 2009. Normal thyroid function BMI and FAT data were collected from clinical registers of the hospital. Any altered thyroid parameter was exclusion criteria. We proceed to investigation of possible associations between BMI, TSH and Fat body mass. Results: In this study, we don’t verify correlation between BMI and TSH, neither between fat mass and TSH, in normal range. No difference, statistically significant, was found between BMI when TSH was divided into tertiles. The same happened when we compared TSH of obese and non-obese people. Discussion and conclusion: From data’s sample, we can say that neither BMI and TSH, nor TSH and fat mass are associated, in euthyroid subjects. However thyroid dysfunction is related to changes in body weight, we conclude, from this study, that little variations, in normal range, aren’t correlated with changes in body weight and consequently neither with BMI.

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Zabalia, Marc. "Rotation d'images mentales étude comparative d'enfants IMC et d'enfants valides scolarisés." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUEL253.

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L'étude concerne la modifiabilité des caractéristiques fonctionnelles des capacités de traitement spatial chez les enfants infirmes moteurs d'origine cérébrale (IMC). Considérant qu'il existe deux systèmes de traitement, analogique et propositionnel dans l'imagerie mentale, la recherche en examine l'évocabilité et les conditions d'apparition en fonction de contextes différents. Enfin, l'étude porte sur les relations entre capacités de rotation mentale des enfants IMC et processus attentionnels. Les résultats font apparaître un recours privilégié au mode de traitement analogique, des indices d'un dysfonctionnement attentionnel responsable des difficultés de mise en œuvre d'un traitement propositionnel. L'interprétation en terme de fonctionnement cognitif "local" rend compte des originalités du traitement de tâches spatiales par les enfants IMC. Elles se manifestent par une difficulté d'actualisation des représentations dans un espace calculable. L'hypothèse de l'existence simultanée de deux modes de représentations est discutée comme une synthèse possible des données issues du structuralisme piagetien et des perspectives des théories du traitement de l'information The study deals with the possibility of improving functional features of spatial processing abilities among cerebral palsied children by means of exercices that encourage perceptual processing of spatial situations which imply mental rotations. Secondly, if there are two processing systems, analogical and propositional, in mental imagery, the research examines the possibility to evocate the processing modes and the conditions of their appearance according to specific situations. Finally, the study focuses on relations between the mental rotations abilities of cerebral palsied children and attentional processes. The investigations of mental rotation processes show that cerebral palsied children used an analogical processing mode. It appears that there are many signs of an attentional dysfunction which expresses itself by a cognitive and motor inhibition deficit. It can be responsible for difficulties to bring about propositional processing. Findings are interpreted as the expression of a cognitive "local" functioning which account for originalities observed in spatial processing by cerebral palsied children. The cognitive "local" functioning emerges in difficulties to generate representation in a "computable" space. The hypothesis of the existence or co-existence of two representational modes is discussed as a synthesis of piagetian structuralism data and theories of information processing perspectives

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Hacker, R. J. "A feasibility study for an IMC application in the mining industry." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8463.

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Bibliography: leaves 150-160. This project is a feasibility study using Internal Model Control strategies to optimise the performance of a secondary and tertiary crusher stage at a mine. First, a mathematical model of the plant is_ extracted and simulated. The viability of using IMC on an unstable process is considered. Various general objectives are then explained, whereafter the manually controlled plant is evaluated. Three strategies are proposed that control the bin levels to optimise buffer capacity so that crusher throughput is increased and efficiency improved. These are tested on a simulator fed with real plant data to reveal their properties. Finally, an implementation scheme is then proposed.

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Wisotzki, Sam. "The Incorruptible Integrator: A Streamlined Approach to IMC-PID Controller Tuning." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/1078.

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In automakers' never-ending quest to reduce emissions and improve performance, the turbocharger represents a major step in advancing these goals. By repurposing waste exhaust and compressing the air intake, they are able to increase overall power. One critical control loop in the turbocharger is control of boost pressure via the wastegate. This is a highly nonlinear process and experimental data has shown that a gain-scheduled PID (proportional integral derivative) controller developed with IMC (internal model control) tuning methodology is an effective means to control boost pressure. Motivated by this successful implementation of IMC-PID tuning in the automotive world, this work hopes to extend and analyze that framework. Traditionally, the success of an IMC controller depends on the accuracy of the plant model. This research challenges this view and investigates using IMC with a gain-integrator-delay (GID) model identified at a critical frequency, regardless of the actual plant. The GID model is useful because of its simplicity to characterize and its ability to be translated to the ubiquitous PID controller easily. Three design techniques are developed: (1) design for post-hoc tuning, (2) design for closed loop bandwidth, and (3) design for phase margin. In addition, these techniques are investigated via a Monte Carlo simulation to determine efficacy for when there exists plant/model mismatch. Finally, the three techniques are applied to control the speed of an inertia disk on the Quanser Servo 2 device.

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Lima, Alessandro Máximo. "ESTUDO DO ÍNDICE DE MASSA CORPORAL E RELAÇÃO CINTURA QUADRIL DE HIPERTENSOS NA ESTRATÉGIA DA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA DA CIDADE DE GOVERNADOR VALADARES-MG." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UNEC, 2011. http://bibliotecadigital.unec.edu.br/bdtdunec/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=191.

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O aumento da prevalência de hipertensos, esta relacionado à expectativa de vida no contexto moderno e ao estilo de vida adotado por cada indivíduo. A falta de atividade física e de uma reeducação alimentar, contribuem para esse quadro. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o índice de massa corporal e relação cintura quadril de hipertensos na estratégia da saúde da família de Governador Valadares, para determinar a prevalência de obesos no grupo de hipertensos e a prevalência de hipertensos com RCQ e IMC alterado no grupo. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi realizada através de coleta de IMC, RCQ, peso e estatura de 151 indivíduos (21,9% homens e 78,1% mulheres) e depois calculadas através do programa Physical Test 6.3. As variáveis pesquisadas foram: peso e altura de cada indivíduo para a avaliação do índice de massa corporal e a perimetria da cintura e do quadril para calcular a relação cintura quadril. Resultados: Para análise estatística foi utilizado o software SPSS versão 11.0. As variáveis quantitativas foram descritas através de média, desvio padrão, mínimo, máximo, moda e percentis. Com relação à RCQ: 52 mulheres apresentaram muito alto, 38 alto, 24 moderado e 4 baixo. Já os homens apresentaram: 2 muito alto, 8 alto, 11 moderado e 12 baixo. Com relação ao IMC: 52 mulheres apresentaram obesidade, 43 sobrepeso, 20 peso normal e 3 abaixo do peso. Já os homens apresentaram: 12 obesidade, 9 sobrepeso e 12 peso normal. Conclusões: Dos 151 indivíduos avaliados 118 eram mulheres e 52 apresentaram obesidade e RCQ muito alto em contra partida os homens que participaram do estudo eram 33 tendo apresentado 2 RCQ muito alto, 12 obesidade e mesmo assim os números apontam que os homens morrem mais cedo. Neste estudo foi utilizado ferramentas de baixo custo e fácil aplicabilidade às quais já existiam nos postos de saúde para que esse trabalho continue sendo desenvolvido por profissionais desses locais, visto que através de ações como estas podem retratar bem o perfil da população criando subsídios para que os profissionais da área de saúde possam atender melhor esses pacientes.

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de, Araújo Mariz Carolline. "Índice de massa corporal em indivíduos com infecção pelo HIV." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2010. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/1674.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:51:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2911_1.pdf: 1190207 bytes, checksum: 5b6e839c47604e810ad19c331924e7d8 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 O uso dos antirretrovirais combinados para o tratamento de pacientes com HIV/aids inaugurou a chamada era HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy), que proporcionou a diminuição na ocorrência de doenças oportunistas, a redução da taxa de mortalidade e o aumento significativo da expectativa de vida, além de importantes alterações no perfil nutricional desses pacientes. Em um primeiro artigo, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura publicada sobre o perfil do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) em pacientes com HIV/aids com o objetivo de identificar o registro de sua mudança ao longo do tempo. Evidenciou-se que a perda de peso e a desnutrição, frequentes antes do uso disseminado da HAART, apresentaram diminuição de sua prevalência após o seu uso, muito embora, em condições de baixa situação econômica, a desnutrição ainda aparece em proporções consideráveis. O uso da HAART, no entanto, provocou efeitos adversos indesejáveis, que ocasionaram o surgimento de novas características, como a lipodistrofia, dislipidemia, resistência à insulina, osteopenia, alterações glicêmicas e cardíacas e obesidade, as quais têm desafiado os profissionais de saúde envolvidos no atendimento a essa população. O segundo artigo, original, objetivou estimar a prevalência de magreza e sobrepeso/obesidade, através da aferição do IMC e fatores associados ao seu desenvolvimento em indivíduos com HIV/aids. Realizou-se, para isso, um estudo de corte seccional com caso-controle aninhado a partir de dados de 2.018 pacientes atendidos em dois hospitais de referência para doenças infecciosas em Recife-PE, no período de junho de 2007 a outubro de 2009. Todos os pacientes do estudo foram classificados como magros (IMC < 18,5 Kg/m²), sobrepesados/obesos (IMC ≥25 Kg/m²) e eutróficos (IMC ≥ 18,5 24,9 Kg/m²). Realizou-se análise multinomial univariada e multivariada, considerando-se os desfechos magreza e sobrepeso/obesidade, tendo como referência os eutróficos. A prevalência de magreza foi 8,8%, e a de sobrepeso/obesidade, 32,1%. A análise multinomial multivariada revelou associação estatisticamente significante entre magreza e anemia (OR=1,78; IC (95%): 1,17 2,74; p= 0,008) e contagem de células T CD4 < 200mm³ ( OR=2,13; IC(95%): 1,41-3,24; p= 0,000). Os fatores associados ao aumento do risco de sobrepeso/obesidade foram idade ≥ 40 anos (OR=1,30; IC (95%): 1,03-1,63; p= 0,025) e a presença de diabetes (OR=2,41; IC(95%): 1,41-4,14; p=0,001). As variáveis associadas à diminuição do risco de sobrepeso/obesidade foram: ter companheiro fixo (OR= 0,82; IC (95%): 0,73-0,92; p= 0,001), tabagismo (OR=0,58; IC(95%): 0,44-0,75; p=0,000), apresentar doença oportunista (OR= 0,67; IC(95%):0,53-0,84; p=0,001), anemia (OR=0,59; IC(95%): 0,46-0,76; p=0,000) e níveis de albumina < 3,5mg/dL (OR=0,27; IC(95%): 0,12-0,61; p=0,002). Constatou-se que, na população estudada, o principal desvio nutricional observado, avaliado pelo IMC foi, o sobrepeso/obesidade, superando a magreza. Os indivíduos mais velhos e que apresentam diabetes devem ser alvos prioritários de uma intervenção para mudanças nutricionais e de estilo de vida

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Balan, Luanda Helena Balúgoli. "Matemática e saúde : boa alimentação e as equações dos índices IMC, RIP e IAC contextualizadas em situações de sala de aula." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/5933.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:29:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5066.pdf: 1314748 bytes, checksum: 376754169c30bdccfc36a290ecb42b14 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-23 Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos Most students have great difficulty in applying the theory learned in mathematics throughout their academic life. Since the initial series until the final grades of high school, the study of equations, inequations and functions are privileged, with demonstrations of formulas and properties and applications of exercise lists. However, the results of educational assessments at state and national level show that one of the major found student´s difficulties is using the mathematical tools learned throughout their lives, with the aim of resolving everyday problems. Contextualizing the teaching is a way of making significant all the mathematical knowledge and a way of contextualizing is to apply didactic sequences that bring everyday problem situations to the student´s present. The contextualized didatic sequences are strategies that encourage learning in an efficient and meaningful way. A maioria dos discentes possui grandes dificuldades em aplicar a teoria Matemática aprendida em toda sua vida acadêmica. Desde as séries iniciais até as séries finais do Ensino Médio, os estudos das equações, inequações e funções são privilegiados, com demonstrações de fórmulas, propriedades e aplicações de listas de exercícios. No entanto, resultados de avaliações educacionais em nível estadual e nacional mostram que uma das maiores dificuldades encontradas pelo aluno é utilizar as ferramentas matemáticas aprendidas ao longo de sua vida, com objetivo de resolver situações problemas do cotidiano. Contextualizar o ensino é um dos caminhos de tornar significativo todo o saber matemático e uma das formas de contextualizar é aplicar sequências didáticas que trazem situações problemas cotidianas ao presente do aluno. As sequências didáticas contextualizadas são estratégias que estimulam a aprendizagem de forma eficiente e significativa.

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Rodrigues, Adaline Franco. "Frequência do polimorfismo -420C/G (rs1862513) do gene da resistina na população de Jataí-GO e correlação com a obesidade." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7921.

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Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-10-30T10:11:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adaline Franco Rodrigues - 2017.pdf: 3590945 bytes, checksum: 32c47eb8a190f211b446894838eef550 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-10-30T10:12:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adaline Franco Rodrigues - 2017.pdf: 3590945 bytes, checksum: 32c47eb8a190f211b446894838eef550 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-30T10:12:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adaline Franco Rodrigues - 2017.pdf: 3590945 bytes, checksum: 32c47eb8a190f211b446894838eef550 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-29 Obesity is currently considered a serious public health problem, especially as it plays a relevant role in the pathophysiology of various diseases. The influence of obesity on some metabolic disorders has been attributed to the ability of adipose tissue cells to produce various proinflammatory cytokines such as resistin (RETN). Recent studies have shown that genes encoding this protein may have genetic alterations potentially related to the predisposition to obesity. Objective: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the association between the -420C> G (rs1862513) polymorphism of the gene encoding RETN and obesity in a sample ofadults residing in the city of Jataí - GO, Brazil. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 117 adults of both sexes, living in Jataí city and surrounding municipalities. Physiological data and anthropometric measurements were obtained and used to classify individuals according to body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (CA), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), as well as laboratory data of lipid profile and fasting blood glucose. Polymorphisms were identified from DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by the PCR-RFLP technique. Samples whose DNA extraction or PCR-FRLP technique were not successful were excluded from the study, so that the correlations between the anthropometric and laboratory data with the genotypes found were performed with an N = 72. Statistical analyzes were performed to determine if and which genotype is associated with obesity. Results: Regarding the characterization of the sample, it was observed that 57% had BMI ≥ 25kg / m2 and 51% had abdominal circumference considered as an increased or very increased risk for obesity. There was a positive correlation between BMI, CA and SBP. Regarding the genomic profile of the RETN -420 C <G polymorphism, it was possible to observe that there was no statistical difference between the polymorphism studied and the variables gender, color / race, BMI and lipid profile. Regarding the CA classifications, the frequency of the C / C genotype was 50% in the population with a much increased risk, presenting a statistically significant difference when compared to the other groups, both in the analysis through the codominant model (C / C; C / G, G / G) and in the dominant model (C / C, C / G + G / G). Conclusion: This research suggests that wild-type C allele is related to increased abdominal adiposity. The increase of this adiposity in turn, pre-disposes to the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. Although no correlation was found between the genomic model and the BMI, this research does not exclude the possibility of a correlation between this gene and obesity, requiring further research, with larger sample sizes and associations with other polymorphisms capable of clarifying the role of adipokine resistance in obesity. A obesidade é considerada atualmente um sério problema de saúde pública, especialmente por desempenhar um papel relevante na patofisiologia de várias doenças. A influência da obesidade sobre algumas desordens metabólicas tem sido atribuída a capacidade de células componentes do tecido adiposo produzir diversas citocinas pró-inflamatórias como resistina (RETN). Estudos recentes têm mostrado que genes codificadores desta proteína podem apresentar alterações genéticas potencialmente relacionados à predisposição a obesidade. Objetivo: O presente trabalho objetivou evidenciar a associação entre o polimorfismo -420C>G (rs1862513) do gene codificador para RETN e a obesidade em uma amostra de adultos residentes no município de Jataí - GO, Brasil. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 117 adultos de ambos os sexos, residentes em Jataí e municípios circunvizinhos. Dados fisiológicos e medidas antropométricas foram obtidos e utilizados para classificação dos indivíduos de acordo com o índice de massa corporal (IMC), Circunferência abdominal (CA), Pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica (PAS e PAD), bem como dados laboratoriais de perfil lipídico e glicemia de jejum. Os polimorfismos foram identificados a partir do DNA extraído de células mononucleares do sangue periférico, pela técnica da PCR-RFLP. As amostras cuja extração de DNA ou técnica de PCR-FRLP não obtiveram sucesso foram excluídas da pesquisa, de forma que as correlações entre os dados antropométricos e laboratoriais com os genótipos encontrados foi realizado com um N = 72. Análises estatísticas foram realizadas para determinar se e qual genótipo está associado a obesidade. Resultados: Quanto à caracterização da amostra, observou-se que 57% se encontra com o IMC ≥ 25kg/m2 e 51% possui circunferência abdominal considerada como risco aumentado ou muito aumentado para obesidade. Houve correlação positiva entre IMC, CA e PAS. Em relação ao perfil genômico do polimorfismo RETN -420 C<G, foi possível observar que não houve diferença estatística entre o polimorfismo estudado e as variáveis gênero, cor/raça, IMC e perfil lipídico. Quanto as classificações de CA, verificou-se que a frequência do genótipo C/C foi de 50% na população com risco muito aumentado apresentando uma diferença estatisticamente significativa se comparado aos demais grupos, tanto na análise através do modelo codominante (C/C; C/G; G/G), quanto no modelo dominante (C/C; C/G+G/G). Conclusão: Esta pesquisa sugere que o alelo selvagem C está relacionado ao aumento da adiposidade abdominal. O aumento dessa adiposidade por sua vez, pré-dispõe ao risco de doenças cardiovasculares como a hipertensão arterial. Apesar de não ter sido encontrado correlação entre o modelo genômico e o IMC, esta pesquisa não exclui a possibilidade de que haja correlação entre esse gene e a obesidade, sendo necessário mais pesquisas, com tamanhos amostrais maiores e associações com outros polimorfismos capazes de esclarecer o papel da adipocina resistina na obesidade.

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Reyes, Huarcaya Rossy María Elena, and Sánchez Mery Cristy Núñez. "Importancia de diferenciar puntos de corte del IMC de acuerdo a la edad." Grupo Aula Medica S.A, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622487.

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Oliveira, Sara Silva de. "Associação entre fatores sociodemográficos e saúde bucal em crianças e adolescentes de 3 a 15 anos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58135/tde-27042016-155408/.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de cárie dentária e sua associação com índice de massa corpórea (IMC), bem como seus fatores de risco demográficos (sexo e idade), socioeconômicos, familiares (escolaridade dos pais, número de filhos) e comportamentais (dieta e práticas de higiene bucal) de crianças e adolescentes. Duzentos e trinta e sete crianças e adolescentes foram inseridos neste estudo. Após a autorização de participação, aplicou-se um questionário, realizou-se exame clínico intrabucal das crianças e a coleta dos dados antropométricos. Os parâmetros analisados neste estudo foram peso, altura, IMC-para-idade e número de dentes cariados, extraídos e obturados para posterior cálculo do ceo-d ou CPO-D para dentes decíduos e permanentes, respectivamente. Teste do Qui-quadrado e o teste T foram usados para analisar a associação entre as variáveis (idade, etnia, gênero, hábitos de higiene bucal e alimentar) e alterações do IMC. A média e desvio padrão do índice ceo-d nos grupos de baixo peso, peso normal, grupos de sobrepeso e obesidade, foram de 9.5 (± 0.70), 5.06 (± 4.54), 7.66 (± 4.41), e 6 (± 5.19), respectivamente (p>0,05). A porcentagem de indivíduos que estavam com a dentição hígida foi de 13,5%. Houve uma associação entre prevalência de cárie e etnia (p<0,05), indivíduos de cor branca e parda apresentaram maiores índices de cárie do que os indivíduos pretos. Características sociodemográficas como escolaridade materna e paterna não influenciaram na experiência de cárie das crianças e adolescentes (p>0,05). Em relação aos hábitos alimentares na primeira infância, o tempo de aleitamento materno não influenciou na experiência de cárie (p>0,05), por outro lado, o açúcar acrescido na mamadeira esteve associado à doença cáries (p<0,05). A escovação diária realizada somente pela criança, sem supervisão dos pais ou responsáveis, foi significativamente associada com a cárie. Não houve associação entre cárie dentária e IMC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and its association with body mass index (BMI), as well as their demographic risk factors (gender and age), socioeconomic, family (parents\' education, number of children) and behavioral (diet and oral hygiene practices) of children and adolescents. Two hundred and thirty-seven children and adolescents 3-15 years treated were entered into this study at the Ribeirão Preto Dental School - USP. After the authorization of participation, we applied a questionnaire and an intraoral clinical examination of children was held and the collection of anthropometric data. The parameters analyzed in this study were weight, height, BMI-for-age and number of decayed teeth extracted and sealed for subsequent calculation of the dmft and DMFT for deciduous and permanent teeth, respectively. It was used the Chi-square test and T test to analyze the association between variables (age, ethnicity, gender, oral hygiene and dietary habits) and changes in BMI. The mean and standard deviation of the DMFT in groups of underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese groups were 9.5 (± 0.70), 5:06 (± 4:54), 7.66 (± 4:41), and six (± 5.19), respectively (p> 0.05). The percentage of subjects who were healthy female with the teeth was 13.5%. There was an association between caries prevalence and ethnicity (p <0.05), white and brown colored individuals had higher caries rates than black individuals. Sociodemographic characteristics such as maternal and paternal schooling did not influence the caries experience of children and adolescents (p> 0.05). With regard to eating habits in early childhood, the duration of breastfeeding did not affect the caries experience (p> 0.05), on the other hand, sugar plus the bottle was associated with caries disease (p <0.05). Daily brushing performed only by the child without supervision of parents or guardians, was significantly associated with caries. There was no association between dental caries and BMI.

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ARAUJO, Cristie Aline Santos de. "Avaliação do Comprometimento da Função Pulmonar e sua Correlação com os Níveis Séricos de Adiponectina em Pacientes com Excesso de peso Submetidos à Cirurgia de Revascularização do Miocárdio." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12812.

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Submitted by Etelvina Domingos (etelvina.domingos@ufpe.br) on 2015-04-09T19:27:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 DISSERTAÇÃO Cristine Aline Santos de Araújo.pdf: 790104 bytes, checksum: 1b65e5fd705bb66817bab84a513db9da (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-09T19:27:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 DISSERTAÇÃO Cristine Aline Santos de Araújo.pdf: 790104 bytes, checksum: 1b65e5fd705bb66817bab84a513db9da (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 Ao longo dos anos verificou-se um aumento progressivo da obesidade que está associado a alterações metabólicas e a um estado inflamatório crônico de baixo grau, que correlaciona-se com a diminuição dos níveis séricos de adiponectina. Neste trabalho avaliou-se a influência do Índice de massa corporal (IMC) no comprometimento da função pulmonar e sua correlação com os níveis séricos de adiponectina em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia eletiva de revascularização do miocárdio. No presente estudo analisou-se 65 pacientes adultos com idade entre 42 e 85 anos sendo 44 do sexo masculino (67,7%) e 21 do sexo feminino (32,3%), 43 com excesso de peso (50,8% com sobrepeso e 30,2% obesos) e 12 eutróficos (19%) com 60 anos ou mais (75,0%). Observou-se em relação ao IMC que 50,8% apresentavam sobrepeso, 53,1% eram ex-fumantes , 90,8% eram hipertensos e o teor médio de Adiponectina era de 4,0μg/mL. O teor de adiponectina foi maior no grupo do sexo masculino com idade de 40 a 59 anos, e com sobrepeso. A comparação de média foi significativa apenas nos fatores sedentarismo e complicações respiratórias (p = 0,006 e 0,045 respectivamente), indicando que não sedentários têm um nível de adiponectina mais elevado e menor propensão às complicações respiratórias no pós-operatório. Em relação ao IMC não houve diferença significativa dos valores de VEF1 e PEF entre os grupos eutrófico, com sobrepeso e obeso.

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Rosmin, Norzanah. "Internal Model Control (IMC) design for a stall-regulated variable-speed wind turbine system." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/16850.

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A stall-regulated wind turbine with fixed-speed operation provides a configuration which is one of the cheapest and simplest forms of wind generation and configurations. This type of turbine, however, is non-optimal at low winds, stresses the component structure and gives rise to significant power peaks during early stall conditions at high wind speeds. These problems can be overcome by having a properly designed generator speed control. Therefore, to track the maximum power locus curve at low winds, suppress the power peaks at medium winds, limit the power at a rated level at high winds and obtain a satisfactory power-wind speed curve performance (that closely resembles the ideal power-wind speed curve) with minimum stress torque simultaneously over the whole range of the wind speed variations, the availability of active control is vital. The main purpose of this study is to develop an internal model control (IMC) design for the squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG), coupled with a full-rated power converter of a small (25 kW), stall-regulated, variable-speed wind-turbine (SRVSWT) system, which is subject to variations in the generator speed, electromagnetic torque and rotor flux. The study was done using simulations only. The objective of the controller was to optimise the generator speed to maximise the active power generated during the partial load region and maintain or restrict the generator speed to reduce/control the torque stress and the power-peaking between the partial and full load regions, before power was limited at the rated value of 25 kW at the full load region. The considered investigation involved estimating the proportional-integral (PI) and integral-proportional (IP) controllers parameter values used to track the stator-current producing torque, the rotor flux and the angular mechanical generator speed, before being used in the indirect vector control (IVC) and the sensorless indirect vector control (SLIVC) model algorithms of the SCIG system. The design of the PI and IP controllers was based on the fourth-order model of the SCIG, which is directly coupled to the full-rated power converter through the machine stator, whereas the machine rotor is connected to the turbine rotor via a gearbox. Both step and realistic wind speed profiles were considered. The IMC-based PI and IP controllers (IMC-PI-IP) tuning rule was proven to have smoothened the power curve and shown to give better estimation results compared to the IMC-based PI controllers (IMC-PI), Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) and Tyreus-Luyben (ZN) tuning rules. The findings also showed that for the SRVSWT system that employed the IVC model algorithm with the IMC-PI-IP tuning rule, considering the application of a maintained/constant speed (CS) strategy at the intermediate load region is more profitable than utilizing SRVSWT with the modified power tracking (MoPT) strategy. Besides that, the finding also suggested that, for the IMC-PI-IP approach, the IVC does provide better power tracking performance than the SLIVC model algorithm.

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SILVA, José Roberto Pinto da. "Proposta de Compensador baseado em regras para PSS aplicação da Técnica IMC em AVR." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIFEI, 2014. http://repositorio.unifei.edu.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/543.

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Submitted by repositorio repositorio (repositorio@unifei.edu.br) on 2016-08-30T19:01:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_silva_2014.pdf: 3876035 bytes, checksum: fa3fee922198f238c1076d938d711fb9 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-30T19:01:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_silva_2014.pdf: 3876035 bytes, checksum: fa3fee922198f238c1076d938d711fb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09 Este trabalho propõe o desenvolvimento de um compensador baseado em regras denominado Compensador Aproximado para aplicações em estabilizadores de sistema de potência, assim como a realização de comparações de desempenho em relação a compensadores convencionais e compensadores que utilizam a Lógica Fuzzy. Também é proposta a aplicação da técnica Internal Model Control (IMC) em reguladores automáticos de tensão, cujo objetivo é simplificar os procedimentos de projeto e sintonia dos reguladores em questão. As técnicas usuais de projeto e de sintonia de reguladores automáticos de tensão são baseadas na Teoria de Sistemas de Controle, onde a utilização de procedimentos de tentativa e erro é frequente devido ao número de parâmetros para ajuste e a necessidade de ajustes finos em campo, pois os processos reais apresentam características não lineares e incertezas paramétricas nas modelagens correspondentes. Assim, a aplicação de determinadas técnicas que facilitem estes procedimentos é considerada nessa Tese, onde são mostrados os resultados de simulações computacionais de reguladores automáticos de tensão (RAT) convencionais e com a técnica IMC (RAT-IMC). É conhecida a necessidade da aplicação de sinais de controle adicionais às malhas reguladoras de tensão dos geradores, que são fornecidos por estabilizadores de sistemas de potência (ESP). Um sinal estabilizante pode ser sintetizado por compensadores lineares de avanço/atraso de fase, ou via controladores com características adaptativas que são apropriados para sistemas com comportamentos não lineares. Os estabilizadores com características adaptativas são descritos em trabalhos diversos, onde existem abordagens que utilizam técnicas de inteligência artificial, como os compensadores fuzzy. Neste trabalho é proposta a aplicação da teoria de Conjuntos Aproximados no projeto de um ESP. Referente a essa proposta, essa Tese mostra resultados de simulações computacionais considerando um ESP convencional, um Fuzzy e um Aproximado correspondente. Apresenta também testes experimentais que foram realizados em um protótipo de laboratório, novamente comparando o desempenho de cada um dos três ESP em questão.

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Pires, Marina Eliete Domingues. "A atividade física dos adultos jovens de Ponte de Lima - relação com o IMC." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/3941.

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Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Enfermagem A obesidade é um assunto que nos dias de hoje merece especial destaque pela sua crescente prevalência entre a população mundial. É considerada a “Síndrome do Novo Mundo”, a epidemia do século XXI. O excesso de peso (defendido com índice de massa corporal de 25 kg/m2 ou mais) e a obesidade (IMC maior que 30 kg/m2) são a 5ª principal causa de morte a nível mundial e indiscutivelmente a maior causa de mortalidade evitável a seguir ao consumo tabágico, pelo que é fulcral unir esforços no sentido de travar esta tendência. Os seus custos económicos representam 2 a 7% dos custos totais de saúde. Estima-se que em Portugal os custos diretos da obesidade (que compreendem as despesas com a prevenção, diagnóstico, tratamento, reabilitação, investigação, formação e investimento) absorvam 3,5% destas despesas. Para combater este problema, a atividade física é apontada como uma das medidas principais. A adoção de hábitos de vida ativa é fundamental na prevenção de doenças como a obesidade. Assim, o enfermeiro assume um papel fundamental na sua promoção. Portugal é um dos países onde a regularidade de atividade física praticada pelos jovens apresenta piores resultados. Tendo em conta que esta população tem como exemplo a população adulta, intervindo nos Adultos Jovens, reflete-se na população mais jovem, sendo que a preservação desses hábitos de vida ativa se propagam num futuro, enquanto idoso. Pretende-se que este trabalho também possa servir de incentivo à população em geral, assim como a enfermeiros, para adoção de um estilo de vida ativo, e a promoção do mesmo, com prática de atividade física regular, de forma a prevenir e a combater o problema da obesidade. Para a sua elaboração foi realizada uma pesquisa de artigos científicos, e outra bibliográfica com as palavras-chave “Obesidade”, “IMC”, “Atividade Física”, “Exercício Físico”, “Adulto Jovem”, “Saúde”. Foram ainda consultados dados estatísticos disponíveis em várias organizações de referência como é o caso da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) e da Direção Geral de Saúde (DGS). O principal objetivo deste trabalho é Conhecer os Níveis de Atividade Física dos Adultos Jovens de Ponte de Lima e o IMC. São também objetivos, conhecer os níveis de atividade dos adultos jovens de Ponte de Lima; identificar os níveis de atividade física por género, dos adultos jovens de Ponte de Lima; conhecer o IMC dos adultos jovens de Ponte de Lima e identificar o IMC por género, relativamente ao nível de atividade física do adulto jovem de Ponte de Lima. Para responder aos objectivos apresentados, optou-se por um estudo de abordagem quantitativa, do tipo descritivo simples, dirigido a uma amostra de 44 adultos jovens de Ponte de Lima. Para reunir esta amostra usou-se o método de amostragem não probabilística ou intencional e acidental. Na recolha de dados foi utilizado um questionário – IPAQ e o tratamento dos dados foi realizado através do programa Microsoft Excel e apresentação dos dados obtidos em gráficos. Os resultados obtidos na realização do presente trabalho de investigação demonstram que os indivíduos praticam um nível de atividade física elevado, sendo que as mulheres apresentam maior percentagem de NAF elevado relativamente aos homens. Quanto aos resultados obtidos em função dos valores de IMC, são as mulheres, numa percentagem de 22,73% que apresentam sobrecarga. Quanto ao nível obesidade ligeira são os homens que apresentam maior percentagem, com 9,09%. Com peso ótimo revelou-se que são as mulheres que apresentam maior percentagem, com 27,27% das mesmas a incluírem-se nesse mesmo nível. Identificou-se também no presente estudo que, as maiores percentagens obtidas na relação NAF e IMC por Género se verificaram nos níveis de atividade física elevado, sendo que, no género feminino a um IMC peso ótimo, numa percentagem de 25%, e no género masculino, igualdade entre peso ótimo e sobrecarga, com 13,64% dos mesmos a praticarem nível de atividade física elevado. Obesity is an issue these days deserves special mention for its increasing prevalence among the population. I is considered the “New World Syndrome”, the epidemic of the XXI century. The overweight (defined as a body mass index [BMI] of 25 kg/m2 or more) and obesity (BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 are the 5th leading cause of death worldwide and, arguably, the biggest cause of avoidable mortality, following the smoking habits, so it is key to unite efforts to halt this trend. Their economic costs represent 2-7% of total health costs. It is estimated that in Portugal the direct costs of obesity /comprising the costs of prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, research, training and investment) absorb 3.5% of these expenses. To combat this problem, physical activity is considered one of the main measures. Adopting active lifestyle is vital in preventing diseases such as obesity. Thus, the nurse plays a key role in its promotion. Portugal is one of the countries where the regularity of physical activity by young people has worse results. Given that this population has the example of the adult population, intervening in Young Adults, is reflected in the younger population, and the preservation of these habits of active life spread in the future, while elderly. It is intended that this work can also serve as an incentive to the general population, as well as nurses, for adoption of an active lifestyle, and the promotion of the same, with the practice of regular physical activity in order to prevent and combat problem of obesity. For its preparation we conducted a survey of scientific articles and other literature with the keywords “obesity”, BMI”, “Physical Activity”, “Exercise”, “Young Adult”, “Health”. Were consulted statistical data available on several leading organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Directorate General of Health (DGS). The main objective of this work is knowing the physical Activity Levels of Young Adults Ponte de Lima and BMI. Are also goals: meet the physical activity levels of young adults of Ponte de Lima, to identify the physical activity levels by gender, young adults Ponte de Lima ; meet the BMI of young adults from Ponte de Lima and identify by BMI gender in relation to the physical activity level of young adult Ponte de Lima. To meet the objectives presented, we chose a quantitative approach, descriptive simple directed to a sample of 44 young adult from Ponte de Lima. To gather this example we used the non-probability sampling method or intentional and accidental. Data collection questionnaire was used – and the IPAQ data processing was performed using the Microsof Excel program and presentation of data in graphs. The results achieved in the realization of this research work demonstrates that individuals practice a high level of physical activity, and women have a higher percentage of NAF hogh relative to men. As for the results obtained on the basis of BMI, are women, a percentage of 22.73%, which feature overhead the level obesity are slight men with higher percentage, with 9.09%. With great weight has proved that it is women who have the highest percentage, with 27.27% of them to include on this same level. Il was also identified in this study, the highest percentages obtained in relation PAL and BMI by gender is found in high levels of physical activity, and, in females with a BMI great weigh, a percentage of 25%, and gender male equality great weight and burden, with 13,64% of them have practiced physical activity level high.

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Grecco, Mirele Savegnago Mialich. "Validação de Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) ajustado pela massa gorda obtido por impedância bioelétrica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-13072012-143709/.

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A obesidade é definida como o excesso de tecido adiposo e o IMC tem sido um dos métodos mais utilizados para o diagnóstico de obesidade devido sua facilidade de aplicação e baixo custo. Entretanto, este índice possui a grande limitação de não diferenciar tecido adiposo e massa livre de gordura. Este trabalho buscou validar o Índice de Massa Corporal ajustado pela massa gorda obtido por impedância bioelétrica previamente desenvolvido por Mialich et al., 2011. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 501 indivíduos, de ambos os gêneros, com faixa etária entre 17 e 38 anos, matriculados em cursos de graduação da USP do campus de Ribeirão Preto. Os indivíduos foram submetidos à aferição de peso, estatura e a avaliação de composição corporal através do equipamento de impedância bioelétrica. Além disso, foram coletadas informações referentes ao padrão alimentar por meio da aplicação de um questionário desenvolvido pelos pesquisadores, e também referente à prática de atividade física através da utilização do questionário IPAQ. A participação dos alunos foi voluntária e todos os indivíduos foram avaliados somente 1 vez no estudo e por um grupo de examinadores treinados. Para validação foi utilizado o modelo de regressão linear, sendo o IMC ajustado a variável independente e o IMC tradicional a variável dependente. A amostra era composta por 366 mulheres e 135 homens e apresentou médias de idade de 20,8 ± 3,2 anos e 20,3 ± 2,7 anos; peso 76,9 Kg ± 13,6 e 57,8 Kg ± 9,2; estatura 177,3 cm ± 6,7 e 163,1 cm ± 6,3; IMC 24,4 ± 3,8 Kg/m2 e 21,7 ± 3,0 Kg/m2; massa livre de gordura, 60,0 Kg ± 7,7 e 39,8 Kg ± 3,8; massa gorda 17,0 % ± 6,2 e 26,6 % ± 6,2, para homens e mulheres, respectivamente. Com relação à validação foram verificados valores elevados e satisfatórios de R2 sendo, 91,1%, 91,9% e 88,8%, considerando todos os indivíduos, homens e mulheres, respectivamente. Foram definidas também novas faixas de classificação do estado nutricional para ambos os gêneros, considerando este novo IMC ajustado, sendo: 1,35 a 1,65 (risco nutricional para subnutrição), > 1,65 e 2,0 (eutrofia) e > 2,0 (obesidade). Verificou-se também que este novo índice possui uma capacidade mais acurada de captar indivíduos obesos (0,980; 0,993; 0,974), considerando todos os indivíduos, mulheres e homens, respectivamente, e os pontos de corte para gordura corporal de 25% (homens) e 35% (mulheres), em detrimento ao IMC tradicional (0,932; 0,956; 0,95). Além disso, este trabalho possibilitou a definição de novos de pontos de corte do IMC tradicional para a classificação de obesidade, sendo: 25,24 Kg/m2 e 28,38 Kg/m2, para mulheres e homens, respectivamente. O novo IMC ajustado foi validado para a população estudada e pode ser adotado na prática clínica. Novos estudos devem buscar a sua aplicação em diferentes etnias assim como a comparação deste índice com outros já descritos previamente na literatura científica. Obesity is defined as the excess fat and BMI has been one of the most widely used methods for the diagnosis of obesity because of its ease of application and low cost. However, this index has a major limitation of not differentiating adipose tissue and fat- free mass. This study aimed to validate the Body Mass Index adjusted for fat mass obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis previously developed by Mialich et al., 2011. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 501 subjects of both genders, aged between 17 and 38 years, enrolled in graduate courses at the USP campus at Ribeirao Preto. The subjects underwent measurement of weight, height and body composition assessment by bioelectrical impedance analysis. In addition, information was collected regarding the eating pattern by applying a questionnaire develops by the researchers, and also on the physical activity questionnaire using the IPAQ. The student participation was voluntary and all subjects were evaluated only one time in the study and by a group of trained examiners. For validation we used the linear regression model, being the BMI-adjusted the independent variable and BMI-traditional the dependent variable. The sample consisted of 366 women and 135 men and it had a mean age of 20.8 ± 3.2 years and 20.3 ± 2.7 years, weight 76.9 ± 13.6 kg and 57.8 ± 9.2 kg, height 177.3 ± 6.7 cm and 163.1 ± 6.3 cm, BMI 24.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2 and 21.7 ± 3.0 kg/m2, fat-free mass, 60.0 ± 7.7 kg and 39.8 ± 3.8 kg, fat mass 17.0 ± 6.2% and 26.6 ± 6.2% for men and women, respectively. With respect to validation were found high and satisfactory R2 values, 91.1%, 91.9% and 88.8%, considering all individuals, men and women, respectively. We also defined new range classification of nutritional status for both genders, considering this new BMI, as follows: 1.35 to 1.65 (nutritional risk for malnutrition), > 1.65 and 2.0 (normal) and > 2.0 (obesity). It was also found that this new index has the capacity to capture more accurate obese subjects (0.980, 0.993, 0.974) whereas all individuals, men and women, respectively, and the cutoff points for body fat of 25% (men) and 35% (women), rather than the traditional BMI (0.932, 0.956, 0.95). Moreover, this study allowed the definition of new points to traditional BMI cutoff for the classification of obesity, and: 25.24 kg/m2 and 28.38 kg/m2 for women and men, respectively. The new BMI set was validated for the population studied and may be adopted in clinical practice. Further studies should seek their implementation in different ethnic groups as well as the comparison of this index with other previously described in the literature.

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RODOR, Fadul Ferrari. "Aplicação de Conceitos de Conjuntos Aproximados na Adaptação da Constante de Filtro de Controladores IMC." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIFEI, 2012. http://repositorio.unifei.edu.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/1227.

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Submitted by repositorio repositorio (repositorio@unifei.edu.br) on 2018-04-26T19:51:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_rodor_2012.pdf: 4026108 bytes, checksum: 04ebcd414a67ed411688c8dc2a472c90 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-26T19:51:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_rodor_2012.pdf: 4026108 bytes, checksum: 04ebcd414a67ed411688c8dc2a472c90 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03 Este trabalho apresenta um novo método de adaptação da constante de filtro de controladores IMC (Internal Model Control) utilizando conceitos da área dos Conjuntos Aproximados (Rough Sets). A técnica IMC tem alcançado boa aceitação como metodologia eficiente na sintonia de controladores industriais, uma vez que a estrutura de controle resultante pode ser convertida em uma função equivalente de um controlador PID (Proporcional, Integral e Derivativo), estrutura essa muito comum em aplicações reais. Pode-se citar ainda sua simplicidade, robustez e alta capacidade de adaptabilidade. A Teoria dos Conjuntos Aproximados vem sendo aplicada a vários campos das ciências e engenharias com o objetivo de condensar conjuntos de dados, possibilitando representações mais concisas e interpretações mais claras das informações resultantes. Com o objetivo de exemplificar a metodologia proposta, a mesma será aplicada a um sistema de controle nível. Serão feitas simulações com o controlador proposto, e os resultados obtidos serão confrontados com controladores IMC convencionais com diferentes valores de parâmetros do filtro dos controladores empregados. Além dos resultados das simulações numéricas, o método será empregado a um sistema de nível real que será controlado por um sistema de controle desenvolvido em ambiente LabView. Os resultados serão confrontados novamente aos obtidos com controladores IMC convencionais, mas dessa vez aplicados ao mesmo sistema de nível real. A obtenção do modelo matemático do sistema de nível será realizada por meio de técnicas de identificação de sistemas e conhecimentos a priori do comportamento de processos desta natureza.

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Gomes, Cláudio Renato Macedo. "Relação entre IMC, actividade física, tipo de transporte e os comportamentos sedentários em jovens adolescentes." Master's thesis, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9872.

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BHUYAN, MOHAMMAD SHAHAJAHAN KABIR. "Further Applications of Reactive In-Mold Coating (IMC): Effect of Inhibitor and Carbon Nano-Particles." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531178248132272.

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Cordeiro, Braian Alves. "Sensibilidade e especificidade do índice de massa corporal (IMC) no diagnóstico de obsidade em idosos." Florianópolis, SC, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/88554.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T10:31:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 232257.pdf: 1212044 bytes, checksum: e34061e0d3a6e5431d8dcc40814c5be3 (MD5) Durante o envelhecimento ocorrem diminuições da massa livre de gordura (MLG), água corporal total e densidade mineral óssea (DMO) e aumento da gordura corporal (GC). O excesso de GC, definida como obesidade, está associado a diversas patologias, entre elas: hipertensão, diabetes tipo II, dislipidemias e cardiopatias. O Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), comumente usado para diagnóstico de obesidade em populações adultas, não faz discriminação entre GC e MLG, sexo ou faixa-etária e por tais motivos apresenta limitações, principalmente em idosos. Deste modo, o presente estudo teve por objetivo geral verificar a correlação entre o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e o método da absortometria por raio-X de dupla energia (DEXA) em indivíduos com mais de 60 anos, de ambos os sexos, visando à determinação de pontos de cortes sensíveis e específicos para o diagnóstico de obesidade. A amostra foi composta por 60 homens e 120 mulheres, com idade entre 60 e 81 anos, selecionados de forma aleatória sistemática, a partir de lista nominal dos sujeitos, pertencentes a quatro Grupos de Terceira Idade de Florianópolis-SC. As variáveis estatura e peso corporal foram mensuradas no período da manhã, junto ao Centro de Desportos da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e as medidas da DEXA foram realizadas no período da tarde no Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagem - SONITEC . Os dados foram analisados por meio do programa SPSS versão 11.5, adotando-se um nível de significância de p<0,05. Foi verificada a sensibilidade e a especificidade dos pontos de corte propostos pela Organização Mundial de Saúde e pelo Nutrition Screening Initiative por meio da Curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) bem como a concordância dos diagnósticos por meio do teste kappa. Os homens apresentaram IMC médio de 26,5±2,8 kg/m2 e um %GC médio de 23,02±5,8 enquanto que as mulheres apresentaram 27,4 3,9 kg/m2 de IMC e 37,3 6,9 de %GC. O coeficiente de concordância ( ) demonstrou baixos valores para os pontos de corte estudados, onde o melhor resultado apresentado foi para o IMC de 27kg/m2 na população masculina ( = 0,426), contudo este resultado pode ser considerado regular. A sensibilidade do IMC de 30 kg/m2 foi de 31,6% e 28,9% enquanto que a especificidade foi de 97,5% e 100% para homens e mulheres respectivamente. Novamente o ponto de corte de 27 kg/m2 para homens foi o que apresentou melhores valores 73,7% e 72,5%, já para mulheres o IMC de 25 kg/m2 apresentou 76,3% e 100% de sensibilidade e especificidade, respectivamente. Baixos valores de sensibilidade para idosos foram encontrados na literatura, semelhantes aos deste estudo. Através da curva ROC determinaram-se os pontos de corte de 27,5 kg/m2 para homens e 23 kg/m2 para mulheres como valores de melhor sensibilidade (73,7% e 87,7% para homens e mulheres) e especificidade (82,5% e 100% para homens e mulheres) para o diagnóstico de obesidade. Desta forma conclui-se que os pontos de corte do IMC analisados possuem baixa sensibilidade, podendo oferecer diagnóstico incorreto quanto à obesidade. Os pontos de corte propostos são mais sensíveis e específicos para a população idosa, propiciando diferenciação quanto ao sexo, podendo ser adotados para o diagnóstico desta patologia, quando a população tiver características semelhantes à estudada. During the aging happen decreases on the fat free mass (FFM), total body water and bone mineral density (BMD) and increase of the body fat (BF). The excess of BF, defined as obesity, is associated with several diseases like: hypertension, diabetes type II, high cholesterol and cardiovascular diseases. The Body Mass Index (BMI), is commonly used to diagnose obesity in populations, however it doesn't make some discrimination between BF and FFM, gender or age and, for this reasons, can make some mistakes on the diagnoses, mainly in elderly people. The present study had as objective to verify the correlation between BMI and the Dual energy X-ray absortometry (DEXA) in the people over than 60 years old, of both gender, and to establish better cut-offs for this population. The study counted with 60 men and 120 women with age between 60 and 81 years, selected by systematic aleatory way, from a nominal list of the subjects by four groups of third age of Florianópolis-SC, Brazil. The variables stature and body weight were verify on the morning, on the Sports Center of Santa Catarina's Federal University and the DEXA were accomplished on afternoon, in the same day, on the Center of Images Diagnosis - SONITEC . The data were analyzed through statistical packages SPSS version 11.5, and was considered significant the confidence interval of 95% (p <0,05). The sensibility and specificity of the cuts-off, proposed by WHO (25 kg/m2 and 30 kg/m2) and the Nutrition Screening Institute - NSI, 1992 - (27 kg/m2) was verified through ROC curve (Receiver Operating Characteristic) as well as the agreement of the diagnoses through the kappa's test ( ). The men presented a BMI medium of the 26,5±2,8 kg/m2 and a %BF of the 23,02±5,8% while the women presented 27,4±3,9 kg/m2 of BMI and 37,3±6,9 of %BF. The Kappa's coefficient demonstrated low values for the studied cuts-off, and the best result was for the 27kg/m2 cut-off of BMI in the masculine population ( = 0,426). However, this result can only be considered as regular. The sensibility of the cut-off 30 kg/m2 was 31,6% and 28,9% for men and women while the specificity was 97,5% and 100%. The 27 kg/m2 cut-off for men presented better values again, 73,7% of the sensibility and 72,5% of specificity, but in the women, the 25 kg/m2 cut-off it presented 76,3% and 100% of sensibility and specificity respectively. Low values of sensibility for elderly were found on the literature, like this study. Using the ROC curve could be determined the cuts-off of BMI of the 27,5 kg/m2 for men and 23 kg/m2 for women as better values of the sensibility (73,7% and 87,7% for men and women) and specificity (82,5% and 100% for men and women) to discriminate obesity. For this way, could be concluded that the analyzed cuts-off of BMI had low sensibility and could offer incorrect diagnosis of obesity. The proposed cuts-off are more sensitive, and specific for the elderly people, and make differentiation between gender, so could be adopted for the diagnosis of this pathology when the population has characteristics similar to this studied.

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Gomes, Cláudio Renato Macedo. "Relação entre IMC, actividade física, tipo de transporte e os comportamentos sedentários em jovens adolescentes." Dissertação, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9872.

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Rojas, Trejo Madai Eliud, Colín Ana Karen Romero, and Serrano Nancy Anagely Sotomayor. "“NIVELES DE COLESTEROL Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL ÍNDICE DE MASA CORPORAL EN NIÑOS DE 8 A 10 AÑOS DE LA ESCUELA PRIMARIA EMILIANO ZAPATA, TENANGO DEL VALLE, ESTADO DE MÉXICO DICIEMBRE 2012.”." Tesis de Licenciatura, Medicina-Quimica, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/14234.

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ANTECEDENTES El IMC en la infancia, así como sus cambios en esta etapa, se asocia con factores de riesgo para el desarrollo subsecuente de enfermedad coronaria y de otras enfermedades crónicas; debido a que se considera un índice de adiposidad y de obesidad, pues se relaciona directamente con el porcentaje de grasa corporal. Actualmente, se reconoce que las alteraciones del perfil sérico de lípidos en niños y adolescentes con obesidad pueden ser indicadores tempranos de riesgo cardiovascular. Es importante mencionar que este padecimiento parece estar constante principalmente desde las primeras etapas escolares, edad en donde los niños son más frágiles y más susceptibles a una educación alimentaria rica en grasas y azúcares y privilegiada por un alto grado de sedentarismo. La identificación oportuna de hipercolesterolemia en edades tempranas permitirá disminuir los factores de riesgo para desarrollar enfermedad ateroesclerótica en etapas tardías, promover el consumo de una dieta baja en grasas saturadas y alta en fibra, y realizar ejercicio físico de manera cotidiana. OBJETIVO Determinar la relación entre el índice de masa corporal y el nivel de colesterol en niños de 8 a 10 años de edad de la escuela primaria Emiliano Zapata, Tenango del Valle, Estado de México. METODO Es un estudio: Experimental, Transversal, Prospectivo, Descriptivo; que para su realización, se utilizó: carta de consentimiento informado (firma Padres – Hijos), hoja de recolección de datos, estadímetro, báscula, resultados otorgados por el Laboratorio Clínico Nuestra Señora de Loreto para este estudio. La población que se tomó en cuenta para la realización del proyecto fue de niños escolares de 8 a 10 años de edad que asisten a la escuela primaria Emiliano Zapata, del turno matutino, de la localidad de San Francisco Putla, Tenango del Valle, Estado de México. Este proyecto se inició con una reunión en la que asistieron: director, maestros de 3°, 4°, 5° grado y padres de familia, en la cual se brindó información acerca del desarrollo del proyecto de investigación; y se otorgó las cartas de consentimiento informado en las que se explica brevemente en qué consiste el proyecto de investigación, así como las actividades a realizar durante el estudio, riesgos y aclaraciones, estas fueron firmadas por padres e hijos para la autorización de su participación. Posteriormente se llevó a cabo la medición de peso y estatura a los niños que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Así como la toma de muestra sanguínea por el laboratorio antes mencionado. RESULTADOS Se estudió una población de 84 niños de 8 a 10 años de edad, de los cuáles el 58.3% fueron del sexo femenino y el 41.7% del sexo masculino; en cuanto a los niveles de colesterol normales, se encontró que el 56% de los niños están eutróficos, el 13.1% tienen sobrepeso, el 6% obesidad y el 4.8% tiene bajo peso; los resultados obtenidos de niveles altos de colesterol fueron los siguientes: el 9.5% lo presentaron niños eutróficos, el 4.8% tienen sobrepeso, el 3.6% con obesidad y el 2.4% tienen bajo peso. CONCLUSIONES Referente a la relación de IMC con niveles de colesterol por edad se obtuvo que en todas las edades (8 a 10 años), la mayoría de los niños obtuvieron un IMC normal; así que de 27 niños de 8 años considerados eutróficos el 75% obtuvieron niveles de colesterol normales mientras que el 25% obtuvieron niveles elevados de colesterol, en cuanto a los 17 niños eutróficos de 9 años el 88.2% obtuvo niveles normales y el 11.7% elevados, finalmente los 11 niños de 10 años obtuvieron 91% niveles normales y 9% niveles elevados de colesterol. Por lo que la hipótesis, no fue comprobada; debido a que de 84 niños escolares que se valoraron el 27.4% (23 niños) presenta sobrepeso y obesidad (17.9% y 9.5% respectivamente) y el 72.2% (61 niños) se encuentran con bajo peso y eutróficos (7.2% y 65.5% respectivamente), tomando en cuenta el 100% (17 niños) de los niños con valores alterados por encima de los puntos de corte, el 41.1% (7 niños) tienen sobrepeso y obesidad. Mientras que el 47.2% % (8 niños) se encuentran eutróficos y el 11.7% tienen bajo peso.

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porwal, ankit, and vipin vyas. "IMC and IMC-Based PID Controler." Thesis, 2010. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/1806/1/thesis_10607001_7009.pdf.

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Internal Model Control (IMC) is a commonly used technique that provides a transparent mode for the design and tuning of various types of control. The ability of proportional-integral (PI) and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers to meet most of the control objectives has led to their widespread acceptance in the control industry. The Internal Model Control (IMC)-based approach for controller design is one of them using IMC and its equivalent IMC based PID to be used in control applications in industries. It is because, for practical applications or an actual process in industries PID controller algorithm is simple and robust to handle the model inaccuracies and hence using IMC-PID tuning method a clear trade-off between closed-loop performance and robustness to model inaccuracies is achieved with a single tuning parameter. Also the IMC-PID controller allows good set-point tracking but sulky disturbance response especially for the process with a small time-delay/time-constant ratio. But, for many process control applications, disturbance rejection for the unstable processes is much more important than set point tracking. Hence, controller design that emphasizes disturbance rejection rather than set point tracking is an important design problem that has to be taken into consideration. In this thesis, we propose an optimum IMC filter to design an IMC-PID controller for better set-point tracking of unstable processes. The proposed controller works for different values of the filter tuning parameters to achieve the desired response As the IMC approach is based on pole zero cancellation, methods which comprise IMC design principles result in a good set point responses. However, the IMC results in a long settling time for the load disturbances for lag dominant processes which are not desirable in the control industry. In our study we have taken several transfer functions for the model of the actual process or plant as we have exactly little or no knowledge of the actual process which incorporates within it the effect of model uncertainties and disturbances entering into the process. Also, the parameters of the physical system vary with operating conditions and time and hence, it is essential to design a control system that shows robust performance in the case of the above mentioned situations. Then we tried to tune our IMC controller for different values of the filter tuning factor. Since all the IMC-PID approaches involve some kind of model reduction techniques to convert the IMC controller to the PID controller so approximation error usually occurs. This error becomes severe for the process with time delay. For this we have taken some transfer functions with significant time delay or with non invertible portions i.e. containing RHP poles or the zeroes. Here we have used different techniques like factorization to get rid off these error containing stuffs. It is because if these errors are not removed then even if IMC filter gives best IMC performance but structurally causes a major error in conversion to the PID controller, then the resulting PID controller could have poor control performance. Thus in our approach to IMC and IMC based PID controller to be used in industrial process control applications, there exists the optimum filter structure for each specific process model to give the best PID performance. For a given filter structure, as λ decreases, the inconsistency between the ideal and the PID controller increases while the nominal IMC performance improves. It indicates that an optimum λ value also exist which compromises these two effects to give the best performance. Thus what we mean by the best filter structure is the filter that gives the best PID performance for the optimum λ value.

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Bansal, Garima, Abhipsa Panda, and Sanyam Gupta. "Internal Model Control (IMC) and IMC Based PID Controller." Thesis, 2011. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/2472/1/ethesis_finally.pdf.

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Internal Model Control (IMC) is a commonly used technique that provides a transparent mode for the design and tuning of various types of control. In this report, we analyze various concepts of IMC design and IMC based PID controller has been designed for a plant transfer function to incorporate the advantages of PID controller in IMC. The IMC-PID controller does good set-point tracking but poor disturbance response mainly for the process which have a small time-delay/time-constant ratio. But, for many process control applications, rejection of disturbance for the unstable processes is more important than set point tracking. Thus, we assume an appropriate IMC filter to design an IMC-PID controller for better set-point tracking in unstable processes. The controller assumed works differently for different values of the filter tuning parameters to achieve the required response As the IMC approach is based on cancellation of pole zero, methods by which IMC is designed result in good set point responses. However, the IMC leads to a long settling time for the load disturbances in lag dominant processes which is not desirable in the control industry. In our study we determined transfer function for the model of the actual process of a chemical reactor plant as we do not know the actual process which incorporates within it the effect of model uncertainties and disturbances entering into the process. As parameters of the physical system may vary with operating conditions and time and so it is essential to design a control system that shows robust performance in every situation. Then we tried to tune our IMC controller for different values of the filter tuning factor using SISO tool.Since all the IMC-PID procedures include some kind of model factorization techniques to convert the IMC controller to the PID controller so approximation error usually occurs. This error becomes problematic for the processes which have time delay. For this we have taken some transfer functions with significant time delay or with non invertible parts i.e. containing RHP poles or the zeroes. Here we have used different techniques like factorization or elimination of RHP to get rid of these error containing stuffs. It is because if these errors are not removed then even if IMC filter gives best IMC performance but it is internally unstable leading to a false PID controller and poor performance. Also, when a controller is designed based on an assumed model and implemented on the actual plant, its close loop performance may be arbitrarily poor depending on the extent of the mismatch between the model and the process. So we studied model uncertainty (model plant mismatch) more carefully and evaluated its impact on the expected performance of the control system. Apart from the objectives stability and performance in designing a control system we also concentrated on a third objective robustness which is the ability of a system to maintain its above properties in the presence of model uncertainty.

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Tripathy, Biswa Bisruta, Sandeep Kumar Khatua, and Labanya Behera. "Distillation Column Control Strategies; IMC & IMC Based PID Controller." Thesis, 2015. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/6791/1/DISTILLATION__Behera_2015.pdf.

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Distillation column is a multi-input multi-output system, used especially in petrochemical industries. It is a multi-variable control system, used to separate various components of a mixture. It is a highly interacting system. So the objective of this project is to control the compositions of top and bottom products. The performance analysis of controlling different compositions has been found out using different control strategies i.e. PID controller as well as IMC controller. It is found out that the performance analysis of IMC controller is better than that of the PID controller. The project emphasizes mainly on the tuning of the IMC controller. For that, different models of the process have been taken and the responses have been found out. Some empirical relationships have been derived between the tuning parameters and the process response characteristics. Based on this relationships, an empirical formula has been derived between the tuning parameter and the process parameters. That has been tested for an unknown process and verified in order to get the desired response characteristics.

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CHANG, SU-FEN, and 張淑芬. "The Research of IMC Model." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79508334922621760480.

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碩士 國立臺北大學 企業管理學系 88 For the last 30 years or so, most marketing texts have stressed a managerial approach. They assumed that marketing decisions were handed down from top management and that managers were expected to plan, implement, and control the marketing process. This marketing management view resulted in an inside-out approach whereby managers decided how to control the four Ps of marketing. The idea was to get the right product to the right place at the right price and then promote it to potential buyers. The IMC is one of the most interested subjects for the circles of academy and business in the communication at home and abroad in the nineties. Both circles consider that in the process of the competition in the market and the assimilation of products, the integrated messages from the receivers can help them to have market orientation in hand and to coincide with the trend of an epoch. The business circle of the communication in Taiwan is also sensitive to this trend, and tries to join this concept into the operation models of marketing communication in succession. This research first focuses on tracing and probing into the concept of the IMC, and then studies the information industry in Taiwan, and, moreover, uses the IBM,Intel,Leo as a case study. This research is to study how the IMC is recognized by and applied practically to the information industry in Taiwan. Besides, in view of some domestic and foreign studies about the concept of the IMC, this research deeply explores how the case enterprise builds and uses its database, how it undertakes the analysis of the consumers and the stakeholders, how it develops the best strategies of marketing communication for the consumers and the stakeholders, how it integrates and makes use of the tactics and tools of marketing communication, how it conveys messages to the outward in the tune of uniformity for coinciding with the IMC, and how the enterprise adjusts and adapts correspondingly its operation and structure. In addition, this research expects to set up a regulation model of the IMC that can be used in practice, and this model will be provided as reference for the business circle when the IMC is carried on. This research chooses the information industry as the case study mainly because of the characteristics of this kind of industry and its energetic performance in the past few years here in Taiwan. As for the standard of choosing a particular case, this research considers that an enterprise, which is familiar with and highly approves the concept of the IMC, which has excellent performance in actively making strategic policies in marketing communication, and which is willing to provide relevant information in coordination with this research, will take the priority over the others. This research is an elementary study of the IMC and proceeding with a case study. The case study is basically by means of explicit and thorough interviews with both the internal personnel of the enterprise and the scholars in the circle of marketing communication, and then tries to collect and analyze the primary and secondary materials from them. This research thinks that the ultimate goal of the IMC is to set up the Brand equity and to maintain a long-run relationship with the customers. Nowadays, owing to the fierce competition among the information industry and the characteristics of the industry, enterprises of this industrial circle believe that founding the brand equity will be the key to the final victory.

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Panda, Gopal Krushna, A. nubhav Panigrahy, and t. a. Hemant Kumar Gup. "Design of 2df imc controller." Thesis, 2014. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/5999/1/110EI0414-3.pdf.

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The Internal model control (IMC) relies on the mathematical model of the process to be controlled. In IMC we can achieve accurate control only if the control systems contain (either implicitly or explicitly) some mathematical representation of the process to be controlled. In this report we analyze about automatic process control, basic principle behind imc, and design 2df imc controller. The 1df imc controller is good for set point tracking. But in case of disturbance rejection the time to settle is too high. In this case we use 2df imc controller. One controller is used for set point tracking and another is used for disturbance rejection. Two degree of freedom imc controller is always not use full. 2df imc controller is not use full for Process having frequency response initially low and then high. So before designing the controller for the process, we have to check and compare with the 1df output and then we should design controller for the process. In case of 1df controller, we design filter parameter as our requirement to track the set point. Set point Controller is designed in such a way that it cancels out poles and zeroes of the process. So the controller is very good for set point tracking. But for the process having disturbance lag it is not useful. If we design the 1df controller for disturbance rejection it is not good for set point tracking. So we have to use another degree of freedom. In our study we analyze different principle of designing the 2df imc controller and advantage of this over 1df controller.

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Wang, Jau Long, and 王招龍. "Computer Aided IMC-PID Controller Tuning." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41746904442168379117.

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Fu, Chang-Chia, and 張家福. "Stress Analysis in the IMC Layer." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65167993814702322249.

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碩士 國立中山大學 機械工程學系研究所 88 The residual stress distribution, growth of Intermetallic Compound (IMC) layer and the equivalent strength in the Laser diode package are investigated in this thesis. The redistribution of residual stress in the solder layer is calculated by employing the MARC finite element package. The effects of residual stresses and IMC layer on the bonding strength of Laser diode under taken different thermal load cycles are studied. Numerical results are compared with the results measured experimentally. Results indicate the effect of residual stresses introduced in the solder solidification is so important in the stress analysis of a solder joint. The effects of different solder parameters, i.e, solder alloy, solder layer thickness and the number of thermal load cycles, are also analyzed in this work.. A better understanding about the solder bond strength is expected from this analysis.

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Barrocas, Rui Manuel Carrilho. "Metodologias de Projeto de Controladores IMC." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/19920.

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Nesta dissertação foram estudadas e implementadas metodologias de projeto de controla-dores IMC (controlo com base em modelo interno). Foi inicialmente realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as metodologias utilizadas de forma a suportar teoricamente o trabalho prático realizado. Seguidamente procedeu-se à aplicação prática das metodologias estudadas. Para o processo em configuração SISO (Sistema de uma en-trada – uma saída) foi implementado um controlador IMC, seguidamente implementou-se um controlador PID cujos ganhos foram sintonizados através da estrutura IMC. Depois implementou-se um controlador IMC adaptativo para a mesma configuração de sistema. Seguidamente utilizou-se o processo em configuração MIMO (Sistema de múltiplas entradas – múltiplas saídas), para o qual foi implementado um controlador IMC. Tendo numa fase posterior sido utilizado um con-trolador PI em conjunto com o controlador IMC com o objetivo de corrigir o erro de controlo. Por último foi realizada, apenas para o processo em configuração SISO, uma otimização do tipo PSO (otimização por enxame de partículas) para o controlador IMC de modo a que este cumprisse uma especificação exigida. Para representar a instalação a controlar foram utilizados modelos ARX lineares. Os algo-ritmos de controlo necessários para a realização das simulações foram elaborados no programa MATLAB R2014 b. De forma a avaliar as metodologias estudadas foram realizados testes experimentais num processo de referência de três tanques (AMIRA DTS 200), cujo objetivo passou por controlar em primeira instância o nível de líquido em um dos tanques e depois o nível de líquido em dois dos tanques em simultâneo. O equipamento utilizado encontra-se localizado no laboratório 2.6 do Departamento de Engenharia Eletrotécnica da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universi-dade Nova de Lisboa (FCT/UNL). Este estudo permitiu aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre controladores IMC e perceber quais as dificuldades e particularidades associadas à implementação deste tipo de controladores.

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Huang, Hsin-Yi, and 黃欣怡. "The Impact of Interorganizational Interaction, Relationship Quality, Market Orientation, Perceived IMC Agency’s Market Orientation on IMC Performance." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96301709647521069121.

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碩士 國立中興大學 企業管理學系研究所 92 For recent years, integrated marketing communication (IMC) is an integrated perspective about marketing and communication. In relationship and organization theory, corporation can interact with stakeholders to maintain relation, and it should survey matched organization culture with other cooperated enterprises. Furthermore, it’s curious about how the impact of market orientation matrix on IMC performance. We will verify that how the impact of interorganizational interaction, relationship quality, market orientation, perceived IMC agency’s market orientation on IMC performance. Receiving 88 samples form well-done IMC corporation to survey research, then making some suggestion to our corporation. Having market orientation, corporation will have the ability of modification to the program IMC agency proposed, so it will get well evaluation about relation to raise IMC performance. For this reason, it should cooperate with agency cause IMC agency can effectively execute the message to our customers. When sharing important information and cooperating to each other, that will lead strong relationship quality to rise IMC performance. Corporation should respect IMC agency of specialization, otherwise, that will lift up switching cost. Before working together, perceived IMC agency’s market orientation (PMO) is a chosen criterion. During working, corporation can use PMO to evaluate how the effect on IMC performance. In order to raise IMC performance, Corporation should focus on the culture about matched market orientation (MO). If both organizations get high market orientation, that will get more performance than low market orientation. Furthermore, corporation’s low MO should find agency that get high MO to get more IMC performance.

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Lakra, A. "Performance analysis of IMC based cascade control system and comparative study of 1DF & 2DF IMC controller." Thesis, 2014. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/6166/1/E-47.pdf.

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In this project, performance analysis of IMC (Internal Model Control) based Cascade Control and comparative study of 1DF (One-Degree of Freedom) and 2DF (Two-Degree of Freedom) IMC controller has been discussed. Based on considerations about the expected operational modes of the inner loop as well as outer loop controller are selected from the 1DF and 2DF IMC control system. A design method for both 1DF and 2DF IMC systems have been designed with ideal models which provide the greatest probable performance compatible with noisy measurement for intrinsically stable processes. An important thing is that for designing of IMC controllers is the capability to show the time response of the loop transmission. The MATLAB and SIMULINK software has been used for designing of the 1FD and 2DF controllers, where the controllers and processes has been performed in the blocks. The 1DF control systems present the IMC design methods for intrinsically stable linear processes where the disturbance arrives directly into the process output. The 2DF control systems are used for stable processes or for inherently unstable processes where the disturbances proceeds over a lag or over a lag the process whose process time constants are in the order of lag time constants of the process or greater than the process lag time constant . In IMC cascade systems, to obtain the best set-point tracking and disturbance rejection the cascade control inner loop must be designed and tuned such as a 2DF controller

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LIN, ZHENG-LONG, and 林正隆. "Study of IMC with pole/zero assignment." Thesis, 1988. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46536301651405107927.

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En, Kuo Ming, and 郭明恩. "Simplified IMC-PI Tuning Rules in Multivariable System." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42665642482455498470.

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碩士 國立中央大學 化學工程研究所 83 A simple PID tuning method for multivariable system is propo- sed in this study. A set of tuning parameters are obtained by the procedure of combining sequential design and SISO simplifi- ed IMC-PID tuning method with specified detuning factors for multiloop feedback controllers. Several examples including some well known 2*2 linear systems, a 3*3 linear system and two non- linear high purity distillation columns are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the MIMO simplified IMC-PID tuning method. Simulation results show that the MIMO simplified IMC-PID tuning works quite well compared with other tuning methods for setp- oint and load disturbance changes. The proposed design offers three major advantages. First,very little knowledge of process is required; secondly, good performa- nce can be obtained with minimal engineering effort; thirdly, the MIMO simplified IMC-PID tuning method works well even for the very difficult process in a very simple way.

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Hsu, Chia-Shin, and 許嘉訓. "Nonlinear IMC Controller Design - Application of Extended Linearization." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4tyyhg.

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碩士 國立成功大學 化學工程學系碩博士班 92 Nonlinear processes can be classified into two types. The first type of processes consists of nonlinear static and dynamic parts, whereas the second type consists of a linear dynamic part and a nonlinear static part. For the first type of processes, we can obtain a parameterized transfer function via extended linearization, where the parameter represents the steady-state input or output of the process. We then design a nonlinear IMC (internal model control) controller based on the IMC theory. To realize the parameterized IMC controller, we propose to convert the transfer function representation of the controller into a state-space representation by means of the residual matrix approach. Simulation results with high-order level-tank systems reveal that the proposed nonlinear IMC controller outperforms the corresponding linear IMC controller for set-point changes. We have the third-order level-tank system model by process identification. The proposed IMC design can also be incorporated with a parameterized model provided by process identification. This is verified on a third-order level-tank process. 　　For the second type of processes, we assume that identification as a Hammerstein model is appropriate and provide an inverse function to cancel out the static nonlinearity of the model. A linear IMC controller can then be used to control the resulting system. In this thesis, three approaches are investigated to arrive at an inverse function of the static nonlinearity. Simulation with a continuous stirred tank reactor system reveals that the proposed method works well for set point changes.

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Peiritsch, Allison Raemore. "IMC: Its Rhetorical and Philosophical Foundation and Impact." 2016. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/etd,197184.

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A review of current integrated marketing communication (IMC) literature indicates that IMC has swept the globe. IMC has become the normative marketing practice for organizations to promote their goods and services, as well as an increasingly popular area of academic study. At the same time, literature shows inconsistency in IMC's professional practice and academic instruction. An increasing number of IMC theorists suggest that “true” IMC involves reorienting an organization to become consumer-focused and responsive at every level. This broader vision for IMC points to the discipline's communicative underpinnings. It is dialogic, other-oriented and interpretive in nature, yet most organizations and academics that claim to practice and teach IMC treat it as a “simple managerial task”—mere tactical coordination of marketing elements (Schultz and Patti 75). This dissertation supplements current literature to establish IMC's rhetorical and philosophical roots and provides a perspective about how organizations can achieve greater communicative understanding with their stakeholders by considering IMC from a humanities and constructive hermeneutic standpoint. By understanding the discipline as humanistic and situated in lived practices, rhetorical and philosophical acumen becomes the missing link between tactical implementation and IMC's full potential. This praxis-oriented approach moves IMC beyond the limitations of the social sciences and into the philosophy of communication to offer better insight into how IMC is an interpretive encounter that demands attentiveness to and communicative engagement with the other. McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts; Communication and Rhetorical Studies PhD; Dissertation;

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LEE, CHENG-TAO, and 李政道. "The Research of IMC of Xinying Taizih Temple." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59271259346257987453.

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Talbot, Paul W. "Extending the discrete maximum principle for the IMC equations." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36503.

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The implicit Monte Carlo (IMC) method [16] for radiative transfer, developed in 1971, provides numerical solutions to the tightly-coupled, highly-nonlinear radiative heat transfer equations in many physical situations. Despite its popularity, there are instances of overheating in the solution for particular choices of time steps and spatial grid sizes. To prevent overheating, conditions on teh time step size Δt have been sought to ensure that the implicit Monte Carlo (IMC) equations satisfy a maximum principle. Most recently, a discrete maximum principle (DMP) for teh IMC equations has been developed [32] that predicts the necessary time step size for boundedness given the spatial grid size. Predictions given by this DMP assumed equilibrium thermal initial conditions, was developed using pseudo-analytic and symbolic algebra tools that are computationally expensive, has only been applied to one-dimensional Marshak wave problems, and has not considered the evolution of the DMP predictions over multiple time steps. These limitations restrict the utility of the DMP predictions. We extend the DMP derivation to overcome these limitations and provide an algorithm that can be introduced into IMC codes with minimal impact on simulation CPU time. This extended DMP effectively treats non-equilibrium thermal initial conditions, decreases calculation time by using multigroup approximations in frequency, considers multiple spatial dimensions with an arbitrary number of neighboring sources, and overcomes inherent difficulties for the DMP in time-dependent problems. Disequilibrium in the initial conditions is introduced through a redefinition of existing terms from [32] to different radiation and material temperatures on the first time step. This results in a limiting DMP inequality similar in form to the original. Multifrequency approximations are then applied by assuming separation of variables. Energy deposition from multiple sources is assumed to follow linear superposition and the DMP from [32] is re-derived to incorporate multiple incident sources of energy in multiple dimensions. Lastly, an inherent flaw in the DMP resulting in poor predictions when temperature varies slowly over a region is overcome by developing a threshold temperature difference, above which the DMP operates. We have numerically implemented these improvements and validated the results against IMC solutions, showing the predictive capacity of the more general DMP algorithm. We find the disequlibrium conditions to be properly incorporated into the DMP, and multifrequency approximations to be accurate over a large range of time step and spatial grid sizes. The linear superposition assumption is generally very accurate, but infrequently leads to DMP predictions which are not conservative. We also demonstrate that the temperature difference threshold prevents inaccurate predictions by the DMP while preserving its functionality. Graduation date: 2013

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Hsu, Jer-Haur, and 許哲豪. "Study on IMC Analysis and Bondability in Assembly Process." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d93rzv.

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碩士 國立中山大學 電機工程學系研究所 95 Recently, wirebonding process play an important role in IC assembly packaging manufacture. No degradation of bonding wire interconnection and defect free eutectic alloy bonding offer the high yield and reliability of products. The degradation of Au wire/Al bond pad has become a major bonding failure problem. By utilizing the SEM, AES, EDS and XPS techniques, it could be carried out to reveal and identify defects underneath Al layer, and the contaminated Al bond pads could cause poor intermetallic growths led to the failed or unreliable connections from the chip to the outside world. It is because that the molding resin with low thermal stability (e.g. bi-phenyl epoxy resin) and the IC devices under high thermal environments were used in packaging process. For the lifetime to bond failure, the bi-phenyl epoxy molding becomes shorter than that for cresol novolac epoxy due to the corrosion reaction of Au-Al intermetallics with bromine (Br) contained in the resin compounds. It was clarified that the reactive intermetallic was Au4Al phase formed in the bond interface.

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Vinzons, Chivas, and 范宗斯. "Implementing Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) with Limited Promo Budget." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09197672107005458392.

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碩士 國立成功大學 國際管理碩士在職專班 96 The concept of integrated marketing communications (IMC) is now popular in the field of marketing because of the competitive advantages it provides to companies(Kitchen, 2005; Mcgrath, 2005). However, deciding for mix elements (advertising, sales promotions, personal selling and public relations) and media options (traditional media, new media, outdoor media, and promo items) maybe too expensive for some companies. Thus, this research explores how firms with limited promo budget like small and medium enterprises (SMEs) adopt IMC. Through a survey among 93 of the “300 Dynamic SMEs” of Taiwan, it was found out that even though SMEs face some resource limitations, they have their own ways of implementing IMC. They frequently use new media to increase coverage, sales promotions to increase coordination, advertising to increase contribution, and personal selling to increase strategic consistency. Furthermore, industry type is found to be a moderating factor on how SMEs come up with their IMC mix decisions. This research contributes to the marketing field by providing a client-based empirical research which explores how companies overcome financial barriers to implement IMC. The results also serve as a guide for marketing managers in deciding which marketing communications mix elements and media options they can frequently use to increase coverage, coordination, contribution and/or strategic consistency.

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Santos, Íris Diana Rocha dos. "Plano de Comunicação de Marketing Integrada (IMC): Marca Paupério." Master's thesis, 2012. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/76193.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'IMC'

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