Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Imbibition'
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Pashayev, Orkhan H. "Imbibition assisted oil recovery." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1107.
Full textOdier, Céleste. "Imbibition forcée en milieu poreux." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN056/document.
Full textUnderstanding two-phase flow in heterogeneous media is of great importance for a number of industrial processes. One of the most prominent examples is enhanced oil recovery which has driven fundamental and applied research in this fieldfor decades. However our understanding has remained extremely unbalanced. The case of spontaneous imbibition of a fluid in a porous medium is fairly well understood,whereas quantitative descriptions of forced imbibition in the presence of anunfavorable viscosity ratio is still lacking. Combining large-scale observations and confocal imaging of microfluidic experiments, we studied the morphology and dynamicsof forced imbibition in homogeneous porous media. We identify four classesof three-dimensional patterns resulting from different dynamics at the pore-scale, and having a clear signature on the macroscopic observables. By means of confocalmicroscopy allowing us to visualize three dimensional features of the local dynamics,we show that the transitions between the four imbibition scenarios result from two dynamical wetting transitions and one interfacial instability. In addition,unlike previous studies, we investigate the evolution of those patterns undercontinuous injection over long time scales. We evidence their aging according to acapillary-coarsening process
Debacker, Alban. "Imbibition et dispersion d'un agrégat sous écoulement." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAE036/document.
Full textThe GOAL of my PhD is to study the fundamental mechanisms of mixing a powder with a liquid. The mix of focus proceeds as follows:At start, as the powder and the liquid are filled in the mixer, powder aggregates form.Then each powder aggregate evolves under the influence of several phenomena: imbibition, spontaneous phenomenon corresponding to the infiltration of a liquid inside a porous medium by capillarity; and the forced phenomenon of rupture under flow. At last the powder is finely and homogeneously dispersed in the liquid. My PhD is thus organized in two parts: the study of the imbibitions kinetics of a spherical aggregate, and the study of the rupture of an aggregate under flow.The SUCCESS of the study relies on the thorough experiments: from creating a new aggregate manufacturing process using 3D printing, to determining empirical laws corresponding to new phenomena
Liberman, Tom. "Capillarity and liquid imbibition in granular solids." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59594.
Full textTwenty-four sets of imbibition data were obtained. The meniscus height-time data were correlated by a modified form of the Washburn equation, called the GW model. It provided excellent correlation of all experimental imbibition data with a minimum R$ sp2$ of 0.981. The best value of the adjustable parameter in the GW model, $ beta$, was 0.93, with a standard deviation of 0.36. Although some literature sources suggest values of $ beta$ of 3 to 6 on theoretical grounds, the value of 0.93 fits literature imbibition data.
Behbahani, Hassan Shokrollah-Zadeh. "Analysis, scaling and simulation of counter-current imbibition." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11474.
Full textRoychaudhuri, Basabdatta. "Spontaneous Countercurrent and Forced Imbibition in Gas Shales." Thesis, University of Southern California, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10635652.
Full textIn this study, imbibition experiments are used to explain the significant fluid loss, often more than 70%, of injected water during well stimulation and flowback in the context of natural gas production from shale formations. Samples from a 180 ft. long section of a vertical well were studied via spontaneous and forced imbibition experiments, at lab-scale, on small samples with characteristic dimensions of a few cm; in order to quantify the water imbibed by the complex multi-porosity shale system. The imbibition process is, typically, characterized by a distinct transition from an initial linear rate (vs. square root of time) to a much slower imbibition rate at later times. These observations along with contact angle measurements provide an insight into the wettability characteristics of the shale surface. Using these observations, together with an assumed geometry of the fracture system, has made it possible to estimate the distance travelled by the injected water into the formation at field scale.
Shale characterization experiments including permeability measurements, total organic carbon (TOC) analysis, pore size distribution (PSD) and contact angle measurements were also performed and were combined with XRD measurements in order to better understand the mass transfer properties of shale. The experimental permeabilities measured in the direction along the bedding plane (10 –1–10–2 mD) and in the vertical direction (~10–4 mD) are orders of magnitude higher than the matrix permeabilities of these shale sample (10–5 to 10 –8 mD). This implies that the fastest flow in a formation is likely to occur in the horizontal direction, and indicates that the flow of fluids through the formation occurs predominantly through the fracture and micro-fracture network, and hence that these are the main conduits for gas recovery. The permeability differences among samples from various depths can be attributed to different organic matter content and mineralogical characteristics, likely attributed to varying depositional environments. The study of these properties can help ascertain the ideal depth for well placement and perforation.
Forced imbibition experiments have been carried out to better understand the phenomena that take place during well stimulation under realistic reservoir conditions. Imbibition experiments have been performed with real and simulated frac fluids, including deionized (DI) water, to establish a baseline, in order to study the impact on imbibition rates resulting from the presence of ions/additives in the imbibing fluid. Ion interactions with shales are studied using ion chromatography (IC) to ascertain their effect on imbibition induced porosity and permeability change of the samples. It has been found that divalent cations such as calcium and anions such as sulfates (for concentrations in excess of 600 ppm) can significantly reduce the permeability of the samples. It is concluded, therefore, that their presence in stimulating fluids can affect the capillarity and fluid flow after stimulation. We have also studied the impact of using fluoro-surfactant additives during spontaneous and forced imbibition experiments. A number of these additives have been shown to increase the measured contact angles of the shale samples and the fluid recovery from them, thus making them an ideal candidate for additives to use. Their interactions with the shale are further characterized using the Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) technique in order to measure their hydrodynamic radius to compare it with the pore size of the shale sample.
Oko, Asaf. "Spontaneous imbibition and colloidal aspects of inkjet printing." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Yt- och korrosionsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-152904.
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Huapaya, Lopez Christian A. "The imbibition process of waterflooding in naturally fractured reservoirs." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1632.
Full textNguyen, Viet Hoai Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "A dynamic network model for imbibition and film flow." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Petroleum Engineering, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25495.
Full textTong, Zhengxin. "Oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition from mixed-wet rocks." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=888851021&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textLerouge, Thibault. "Transferts (imbibition, séchage) dans des matériaux bi-poreux multifonctionnels." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2081.
Full textSome multi-scale building materials, like wood, hemp concrete or daub, exhibit high potential properties in terms of hygrometric diffusion (moisture expelling out of a house). In order to get a better insight into those properties, we investigate fluid transportation (soaking/drying) in doubly porous model systems based on polymeric materials envisioned by the double porogen templating approach. They are elaborated with controlled hydrophilicity and various large pore (LP) morphologies within the small pores matrix (SP): cubic or spherical, dispersed or connected by sharp-edged or smoother constrictions. We identify two categories of biporous structures leading to very diverging properties. Firstly, when dispersed large pores are included within the SP matrix, the liquid penetrates in the microporous matrix and the large pores absorb little to no water, and confining air inside them. Regardless the volume ratio of dispersed LP, the rising front is well described with different fluids by the classical Washburn theory inside the matrix only. On the other hand, when the large pores constitute a connected network, a competition between the imbibition within both porous networks (microporous matrix and macroporous network interacting with each other) determine the imbibition mechanism. If the rising of capillary front is fast in the macroporous network (smooth connexions between LP), it dominates the imbibition process, and the liquid can be drained by the smaller pore size close to it. In contrast, if the imbibition is slow in the macroporous network (sharp-edged constrictions between LP), then the microporous matrix controls the dynamic of soaking, and can speed it up with synergetic action highlighted by two distinctive rising fronts. The drying of those saturated biporous materials is investigated with 1H NMR relaxation and contraction monitoring. We demonstrate that drying mechanisms depends on the connectivity of large pores inside the microporous matrix too. Dispersed LP are homogeneously emptying first, resulting from a compression induced by the capillary pressure, whereas a connected LP network is emptying first too, but heterogeneously pore after pore. The drying rate is still constant in both cases during the majority of the desaturation
Dutta, Sujeet. "Adsorption and imbibition of binary liquids in nanoporous solids." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S129/document.
Full textToluene and tert-butanol mixtures are completely miscible for all compositions at the macroscopic scale. However tert-butanol forms a network of hydrogen-bonded clusters at the nanoscale which persist even in the tert-butanol-toluene binary liquid mixtures. Interpretation of neutron scattering experiments revealed phase separation of the mixture into a core-shell structure inside hydrophilic nanoporous solids, with a tert-butanol shell and a toluene core. The work carried out in this thesis is aimed at understanding the role played by competing intermolecular interactions (hydrogen-bonding, van der Waals) in driving phase separation in confinement. NMR experiments reveal the persistence of a hydrogen-bonding network in these binary liquids confined in silica nanopores even at very low concentrations of tert-butanol, providing evidence of a new kind of hydrogen bonded network under confinement. Vapour sorption isotherms of tert-butanol-toluene binary gas mixtures in silica nanopores helped explain higher affinity of polar silica walls for tert-butanol by a thermodynamic model. Replacing the host matrix by a hydrophobic analogue was found to reverse the selectivity, with toluene showing greater affinity for the pore surface. Effect of surface specific interactions was studied on spontaneous imbibition dynamics of these binary liquids through nanoporous silica network. Neutron radiography experiments revealed the separation of fluxes into a twocomponent flow, generally obeying the Lucas-Washburn law
Vaux, P. "Ribonucleotide content of wheat embryos (Triticum aestivum L.) during imbibition." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378808.
Full textCharpentier, Jean-Baptiste. "Ecoulements, imbibition et fragmentation de phase dans les milieux poreux." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH20/document.
Full textPorous media are ubiquitous in today’s society due to chance or necessity. Some of them allow the transportation of one or several immiscible fluid phases simultaneously. This property is both usual and critical in many industrial processes. The transport of a wetting phase, imbibition, has been widely studied but lots of issues remain opened. In this manuscript, three of them are addressed. Gravity induced phase fragmentation has been studied in an asymmetric pore junction. Fragmentation criterion and dynamic are predicted analytically and confirmed experimentally. Then, the broadening of an imbibition front in a capillary network has been investigated numerically. Results resolved a controversy in the literature. Finally, imbibition in a medium made of flexible sheets has been studied both numerically and experimentally. It showed that sheets flexibility induces their clustering and influences the imbibition dynamic
Ther, Olivier. "Élaboration de carbures cémentés à gradient de propriétés par procédé d’imbibition réactive : Application aux inserts WC-Co et aux taillants en diamant polycristallin pour le forage pétrolier en conditions sévères." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0067.
Full textIn oil drilling industry, harsher working conditions require ever new and more abrasive wear and impact resistant tools. To meet this challenge, the work presented here, is to develop graded cemented carbide materials by reactive imbibition process. This method can be divided into two gradation processes, namely, reactive coating and imbibition. Imbibition gradually enriches the core of dense cemented carbide with binder phase and is based on the principle of liquid phase migration in a solid-liquid body. Reactive coating also takes place in dense cemented carbide on which a boron nitride coating is deposited. After reaction with the WC-Co liquid binder, some ternary boride precipitations take place from surface to several millimeters deep. For industrial parts (inserts for roller cone bits and PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) cutters substrates), hardness gradients obtained can reach 450 HV on 25 mm. Such gradients development is passed through a better understanding of kinetics and phenomena occurring during imbibition and reactive coating. In case of PDC cutters, influence of HPHT process parameters, allowing diamond table synthesis, on the WC-Co substrate gradient, generated by reactive imbibition, was studied. This work was also interested in gradient effect on the obtained diamond tables properties. After mechanical tests, graded WC-Co inserts and graded PDC cutters show a significant increase of both wear resistance (from 30 to 100%) and impact resistance (from 20 to 40%)
Wilson, Ove Bjørn. "The influence of porous plates on effective drainage and imbibition rates." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-899.
Full textThe goal in petrophyscial studies is very often to obtain representative capillary pressure curves in conjunction with Sw-RI relationships for log interpretation. The most frequently used techniques today are centrifugation, the porous plate and the mercury injection techniques.
Unlike the other methods, the strength of the porous plate technique is the possibility to establish both primary drainage, spontaneous imbibition, forced imbibition and secondary drainage without changing set up, conditions or method. In addition, the technique can be combined with resistivity measurements. The weakness is that the method requires a long experimental turnaround time.
Even though techniques like the membrane technique6, the continuous injection technique7, and the semi dynamic method8 have been introduced to the industry with a significant reduced turnaround time, the porous plate method is still believed to be the most representative method.
Its popularity in special core analysis has not dropped even after these new techniques were introduced to the industry.
The aim of this study is to experimentally test layered porous plate prototypes in capillary experiments for different capillary sequences, using all types of fluid pairs at different conditions, varying from ambient to extreme reservoir condition. The layered porous plate method is identical to the porous plate method, except for ceramic construction. In addition to this, the aim is to investigate if there is possible hysteresis between the two porous plate techniques, and investigates if this is related to reduced turnaround time. In other words, investigate how and when diaphragms influence drainage and imbibition rates in capillary experiments.
Another aim is to investigate if the layered porous plate technique can improve the continuous injection technique.
In this study a method of quantifying the influence of porous plates on effective rates at any stage and capillary sequence has been developed. The method is based on analysing transient capillary behaviour.
Fischer, Herbert. "Oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition for a wide range of viscosity ratios." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1225153481&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textTie, Hongguang. "Oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition and viscous displacement from mixed-wet carbonates." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1212796311&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textYao, Yang [Verfasser]. "Imbibition, crystallization, and dynamics of polymers and water under nanometer confinement / Yang Yao." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166436683/34.
Full textClotet, i. Fons Xavier. "Imbibition in a model open fracture. Capillary rise, kinetic roughening, and intermittent avalanche dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284588.
Full textL'objectiu de la tesi és l'estudi de la dinàmica espacio-temporal de la interfície entre aire desplaçat i oli invasor, en desplaçaments d'imbibició a través d'un model de fractura oberta. La recerca presentada combina un extens i exhaustiu treball experimental amb una anàlisi de dades acurada, basada en mètodes utilitzats en física estadística de no-equilibri. El procés d'imbibició, en que el fluid invasor mulla preferentment el medi envaït, és rellevant en diverses situacions d'interès, des de fluxos fisiològics a la irrigació del sòl i l'extracció de petroli. També és un sistema model interessant per a l'estudi de problemes de física fonamental degut a les correlacions de llarg abast que es desenvolupen al front, que indueixen una dinàmica complexa. Primer s'estudia l'avançament de la posició mitjana del front de fluid en condicions d'imbibició espontània (ascens capil•lar). Hem proposat una nova solució analítica que reprodueix els resultats experimentals tant amb presència de gravetat efectiva oposant-se a l'avançament del fluid com sense. En experiments d'imbibició forçada s'ha caracteritzat el procés d'arrugament dinàmic (kineticroughening) del front oli-aire a baixa viscositat. L'escenari d'escalament observat és super-rugós. Finalment s'ha estudiat la dinàmica del sistema en el règim estadísticament estacionari. S'han analitzat les correlacions temporals i espacials de les velocitats des de l'escala local, per sota la mida de les heterogeneïtats del desordre, fins a la mida del sistema. El front mostra una dinàmica a batzegades caracteritzada en termes d'allaus. Les mides i durades d'aquestes allaus estan distribuïdes estadísticament en llei de potències, amb exponents independents de les condicions experimentals, amb un truncament exponencial, que divergeix en reduir el nombre de capil•laritat. La intermitència del senyal s'ha quantificat i se n'ha extret els dos paràmetres que la controlen. El conjunt de resultats presentats en aquesta tesi dóna suport a una descripció molt general de la dinàmica de propagació lenta de fronts d'imbibició fora de l'equilibri en fractura oberta. La conservació local de massa controla la correlació lateral de les fluctuacions de la interfície. La longitud característica de les illes de desordre i la velocitat mitjana del front, per la seva banda, controlen l'avançament del front en la direcció de propagació.
Clotet-Fons, Xavier. "Imbibition in a model open fracture - Capillary rise, kinetic roughening and intermittent avalanche dynamics." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01068638.
Full textDanché, Valentine. "Impression 3D par liaison sélective de béton de chanvre." Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CYUN1286.
Full text3D printing is experiencing a significant rise in the construction industry, paving the way for the expected digitalization of the sector. As new techniques are explored to combine technical optimization and CO2 emission reduction, this study focuses on powder-bed 3D printing. Despite still being relatively niche, this method could facilitate printing with a high natural fiber content, thus taking a further step towards carbon neutrality. The process is simple, involving three iterative steps : depositing a layer of reactive powder, compacting it, and then injecting water onto the surface.Hence, controlling water penetration into the powder is crucial to improve print quality. The objective is to confine the available water to the desired area, ensuring optimal binder hydration and preventing leaching from previous layers. Several factors may limit penetration depth, including the physical properties of the powder (compactness, permeability) and those of the injected fluid (surface tension, viscosity, yield stress) to study their impact on the kinetics of water propagation on the surface and within the powder. Consequently, we examined the vertical water propagation kinetics in compacted cementitious powder samples. To better simulate the phenomena occurring within the printer, vertical imbibition in both penetration directions was monitored through image analysis and MRI, providing additional insights into the quantity and distribution of water in the samples.Following the development of a versatile setup, we investigated pure powders (such as cement, calcite, metakaolin, sand) and those containing porous aggregates (recycled cement paste or micronized hemp shives) to better understand their impact on water penetration in a bio-sourced printable powder. Indeed, this technique sheds new light with a saturation sensibility and, when combined with MRI, water transfers between the matrix and porous aggregates. Natural porous aggregates like hemp are well-known to affect water distribution as they absorb and swell on contact with water. The results indicate that kinetics do not always slow down over time which opens discussions on the validity of Washburn's Law, commonly used to describe water propagation phenomena in porous media.Finally, the complete development of a powder-bed 3D printer has enabled the printing of cubes, which will facilitate the study of the influence of printing parameter choices (injection type and compactness) on part geometry. We will then be able to consider biobased materials as a possible tool for improving printing precision
Standnes, Dag Chun. "Enhanced Oil Recovery from Oil-Wet Carbonate Rock by Spontaneous Imbibition of Aqueous Surfactant Solutions." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-106.
Full textLegesse, Nigussu. "Genotypic comparisons of imbibition in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1991. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU546773.
Full textBrielles, Nelly. "Cinétiques d'imbibition et de dissolution de matériaux poreux." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00268285.
Full textRossi, Michela. "Preferentiality of water flow and solute transport during imbibition and drainage in a heterogeneous sand structure /." Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17504.
Full textMigabo, Tito. "Regulation of acyl-CoA oxidase gene expression in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seeds following imbibition." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0011/NQ59636.pdf.
Full textGassita, Serge. "Contribution à l’étude du transfert hydrique par imbibition d’eau dans une matrice platrière avec ajout de fibres." Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0104.
Full text1-Establish an assessment of the main structural and hydric characteristics for a better understanding of the high water sensibility of a coating gypsum. This high water sensibility of gypsum comes because the porous network is constituted by fine pores (average radius : 0. 08 m) and its presents a high sharpness. We showed that water is a perfectly wetting fluid for this gypsum and we determined capillary and saturation moisture contents. 2-Study the relevance to integrate glass and hemp fibers into a gypsum matrix to reduce the water sensibility. We chose to fix the fibers volume rate to 20%. The measures showed that glass fibers have a mechanical interest (intensification of the structure) but the consequences on the hydric transfer are not sensitive. On the other hand, hemp fibers addition of hemp presents a decrease of the sorptivity of 20-60% towards gypsum following the experiment. This observation can be attributed to the absorption capacity in liquid water of the hemp fibers. 3-Develop an experimental approach and a numerical approach to determine the hydaraulic diffusivity. The experimental method consists in finding the water content in a defined sample volume. The numerical approach gives coherent results with the experimental approach
Mensire, Rémy. "Hydrodynamics of oil in contact with an aqueous foam : wetting, imbibition dynamics and flow in rough confined media." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1137/document.
Full textThe extraction of raw materials from the soil for energetical (enhanced oil recovery) and environmental purposes (soil remediation) is the subject of intense fundamental and applied research. This field is related to other important topics, such as carbon sequestration and hydraulic fracturing. The goal is to find fewer destructive, as well as energy and material-saving methods. These techniques should also be cost-effective and more efficient. To find a substitution to conventional means, we study an alternative method that puts aqueous foams on the map as the extraction material. Aqueous foams are often used in numerous daily applications, such as cosmetics and detergency, but also in less known fields, such as the decommissioning of nuclear power plants and the oil industry. Thus, surfactants and gas are commonly injected into the soil to improve the recovery processes of oil. We explain two extraction mechanisms that we quantify in terms of efficiency and stability. On one hand, the foam is able to absorb oil, similarly to a solid sponge. On the other hand, when a flow of foam is induced, the foam can entrain oil confined in the roughness of a surface by shearing the oil-water interface. Our work especially lies on a theoretical and experimental analysis, which is multiscale, static and dynamic. We systematically vary the geometrical parameters (oil configuration, bubble size and liquid fraction in the foam) and the physical and chemical parameters (interfacial tensions, interfacial rigidity and viscosity)
Naillon, Antoine. "Écoulements liquide-gaz, évaporation, cristallisation dans les milieux micro et nanoporeux : études à partir de systèmes modèles micro et nanofluidiques." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/17681/1/Naillon.pdf.
Full textSaingier, Guillaume. "Mécanismes et dynamiques d’interactions entre grains et liquide : du matériau granulaire sec au mélange saturé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS230.
Full textGranular materials are ubiquitous, both in nature and in industry or in our daily life. Blending grains and liquid is a basic operation at the origin of many industrial processes. Nevertheless, the understanding and the modeling of the mechanisms of exchanges of liquid and grains, implied in the mixing process, remain largely unknown. In this PhD, we propose to investigate the mechanisms of interactions between a granular material containing a variable quantity of liquid and flowing dry grains. Depending on the amount of liquid, the wet granular phase can be eroded by the granular flow, or flowing grains can be captured by granular accretion or the liquid can be transported from the wet to the dry phase by impregnation. First, we focus on the mechanisms and the dynamics of granular accretion observed after the impact of a dilute granular jet on a wet granular substrate. We highlight the role of liquid interfaces on the growth dynamics and the sources of energy dissipations implied in the capture. Then, using an experiment of accretion with a dense and shear granular flow, we study the influence of the flow properties on the dynamics of capture and we propose a general accretion law. The rotating drum configuration with an isolated aggregate in a granular flow allows us to extend our investigation with the situation of unsaturated granular materials growing by accretion before being eroded. In the second part of the PhD, we study the impregnation in a dense granular jet penetrating into a liquid bath. By modeling the grains intrusion as the impregnation of a porous medium, we highlight the link between the shape of the front profile and the immersion speed. We also characterize the influence of the physico-chemical properties of the grains. This work constitutes a first step in the understanding of local phenomena implied in granular blending processes and the transition from dry to wet granular media
Eikevåg, Trude Kolle. "Experimental Study of Residual Gas Saturation using both Spontaneous and Forced Imbibition Method, where IsoparL is the Wetting Phase." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for petroleumsteknologi og anvendt geofysikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18469.
Full textYahiaoui, Malik. "Comportement tribologique de diamants polycristallins et de carbures cémentés WC-Co avec traitements de graduation : application aux inserts et taillants d'outils pour le forage de formations rocheuses fortement abrasives." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013INPT0052/document.
Full textThe performance of commercial tricone bit inserts and PDC bit cutters is defined by the compromise between hardness and fracture toughness controlled by the cobalt proportion and the grain size of WC-Co cemented carbide and PDC. On one hand, graduation treatments based on reactive imbibition of cobalt and boron nitride coating of cemented carbides lead to an improvement of abrasive wear resistance of inserts and cutters active surfaces. On the other hand, greater fracture toughness is obtained in the cemented carbides core as a result of imbibition. Wear experiments were performed with a rotary tribometer using an alumina contreface for the WC-Co inserts and with a lathe and its silica based concrete contreface for the PDC cutters. For the inserts, the friction coefficient and wear kinetics (Archard model), but also contact temperature measurement and acoustic emission consideration, permitted to clarify the treatments effects on cemented carbides tribological behaviour. For PDC cutters, a quality model, based on wear/cutting efficiency compromise, was developed in order to characterize the wear resistance. Physicochemical analyses (EDX, XRD, Raman) made a link between mechanical results and wear mechanisms considering the tribological systems and the third body formation. These analyses highlighted the influence of the proportion of cobalt generated in the wear flows on the stability of abrasive debris (alumina and silica) and thus on the wear resistance of inserts and cutters. The Fracture mechanisms of WC-Co and PDC microstructures have also been studied and their effects on the wear resistance have been demonstrated here. At last, fracture toughness measurements showed that the imbibition treatments could maintain a good resistance to cracks propagation of inserts. In addition, complementary impacts experiments prove that the improvement of wear resistance of PDC cutters did not produce reduction of impact strength
LIU, WEN. "TRANSPORT PHENOMENA ASSOCIATED WITH LIQUID METAL FLOW OVER TOPOGRAPHICALLY MODIFIED SURFACES." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/16.
Full textAlizadeh, Hossein. "An Investigation into Bioactive Proteins and Their Changes During Imbibition, Germination and Development of Red Kidney Bean Seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6637.
Full textSchopf, Sven O. [Verfasser]. "Highly porous nanoparticle layers from the gas phase – Stabilization through mechanical compression to withstand capillary forces during imbibition / Sven O. Schopf." Aachen : Shaker, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1186590459/34.
Full textBremond, Florian. "Lubrification des contacts sous-alimentés : apport de la micro-texturation de surface." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECDL0019/document.
Full textThe lubricant depletion of an elasto-hydrodynamic contact may threaten the sustainability of the interfacial film separating the surfaces, can result in the increase of frictional forces and a rapid damage of the tribosystem. Industrially, the trend to reduce the amount of initial lubricant and to limit maintenance promotes starvation of the lubricated contact. The aim of this work is to control the lubricant feeding of a starved EHL contact by a multi-scale surface texturing, in order to ensure minimal lubrication at the interface. A scientific approach based on the separation of spatial and temporal scales, as well as the analysis of the flow contributions in different zones of the contact has been implemented.The understanding of the laser/matter interaction in ultra-short irradation has helped us to generate both nanoscale texturing (ripples) and microscale texturing such as microwaves and networks of micrometric cavities, using a femtosecond laser. The contribution of each topographic scale on the contact lubrication has been analysed. When the hydrodynamic forces are low (static contact), the feeding of the contact results from a competition between capillary and viscous contributions. The macro geometry of the deformed solids and the lubricant viscosity mainly control the lubricant spread around the high-pressure zone. The imbibition of the Hertz contact area is only possible with the introduction of a nanotextured surface. The imbibition kinetics depends on the orientation and amplitude of the ripples. For high capillary numbers (dynamic contact), a criterion has been established in order to predict the occurrence of starvation. Using a network of micro cavities and the action of an interfacial shear, the high retention capacity textured surfaces brings lubricant to the high-pressure zone. The trapped volume propagates inside the contact and creates a film thickness that protects the solids from damages while limiting the increase in friction. Anisotropic and periodic nanoscale and microscale texturing, like ripples, influences the balance between re-feeding and leakage flow rates. A suitable orientation of the geometries may prevent the lubricant from drainage and thus delay the onset of a starved lubrication regime. In conclusion, each topographic scale contributes to re-feed a starved contact, by promoting lateral reservoir extension, by providing lubricant locally where it is needed, or maintaining a residual fluid film on surfaces
Thiery, Jules. "Water Transfers in Sub-Micron Porous Media during Drying and Imbibition Transferts d'eau en milieux nano-poreux durant le séchage et l'imbibition." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1155/document.
Full textDrying and imbibition are widely used in industry to formulate and process materials. Familiar to anyone who ever filled a sponge with water and left it to dry, or spread a coat of paint, fluid to solid transitions may affect the aspect, the integrity and the durability of the material processing. Moreover, in industry this transitional steps frequently relies on empirical techniques for the control of both of these phenomena, resulting in an overconsumption of energy. The understanding of the mechanisms behind drying and imbibition are therefore of crucial industrial stakes.Using measurement techniques such as MRI imaging or electron microscopy, we studied the physics of fluid flow within model deformable and non-deformable porous media with pore sizes ranging from a couple of millimiters to a few nanometers, during imbibition or drying.A fundamental discovery our work features is the demonstration that during convective drying, in any case, namely even down to a nanometric pore size, and even if the material shrinks or fracture during the process, the liquid distribution within a sample evolves from the competition between two phenomena. Particularly, capillary re-equilibration caused by capillary effects inducing liquid flow to equilibrate Laplace pressure throughout the partially saturated regions of the samples, and, the inward development of an apparent dry region from the surface of the sample exposed to the airflow.In details, this manuscript shows that at all time capillary-equilibration enables to maintain a homogeneous saturation within the wet region of the porous sample and two regimes may be distinguished from considerations on the drying rate and the pore size of the material. Namely, for pore sizes superior to a couple of nano meters, a first regime exhibits a high drying rate down to lower saturation with increasing pore size, followed by a second regime where a dry region develops from the sample free surface, resulting in a falling rate period. Note that deformation such as shrinkage and crack may convey the extension of the period of high rate. However, in smaller pores the small curvature of the air-water interface limits the evaporation rate from the very beginning of the process and gives rise to a progressively decreasing drying rate while a homogeneous distribution of water is maintained throughout the sample. This last piece of information emphasizes that in nano-pores capillary equilibration still occurs in a series of instantaneous scattered rearrangements of liquid throughout the sample and finally that the flowing properties of the liquid strongly differ from standard unidirectional liquid flow
Beckert, Osmar Paulo. "O uso da hidratação como parâmetro para estimar o desempenho de sementes de soja." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-13092001-090207/.
Full textThe objective of the present work was to study the relationships among the variations in the initial hydration, size and on physiologic quality of soybean seeds. Three lots (cv.BRS-157) with different physiologic quality had the seeds standardized according to thickness (13/64 inches) and submitted to hydration at 20ºC in variable periods (3, 6, 9 and 12h). After the hydration, the seeds were classified according to thickness and subsequently the individuals' frequency in each fraction was estimated, submitted to evaluations of the physiologic quality. The physiologic quality was verified to affect the water content and the thickness reached by the soybean seeds during the hydration; therefore, it is possible to compare the relative physiologic quality of lots through the thickness frequency data in moisturized seeds.
Ben, abdelouahab Mohamed Nidal. "Développement d’un procédé super-absorbant pour la décontamination nucléaire en profondeur de matériaux poreux." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC1026.
Full textWithin the framework of decommissioning of nuclear facilities, various decontamination operations are required. One of the main issues is the decontamination of cementitious materials due to the incorporation of contaminants into their porous structures. Throughout this project, we study the possibility of using a process for decontaminating cementitious materials based on the "poultice" method, which is mainly used nowadays for desalination of buildings. Such a technical adaptation first requires a meticulous study of physical mechanisms that control the different phases of the process. For that aim, we use model systems, composed of poultices (based on kaolin or cellulose fibers) applied to the surface of a model substrate (glass beads packing) in order to understand the whole process, and in particular the water transfers involved. Magnetic Resonance Imaging techniques are therefore used to monitor water distribution within these systems, and provide complete original information. Our approach consists in breaking down our study into three axes. First, we study substrate imbibition from a wet poultice. We show that liquid can invade the substrate even if it has a larger pore size than the poultice. The imbibition process stops when the capillary pressure in the substrate balances the stress needed to further contract the poultice. This in particular means that the liquid penetration in a porous medium from a poultice may be controlled by adjusting the poultice characteristics. Then, we provide the detailed drying mechanisms of initially saturated systems depending on their pore size distribution. We show that poultice can extract a large part (~ 85 %) of substrate liquid thanks to capillary equilibration processes that allow both media to desaturate homogeneously and simultaneously up to the very last stages of drying. Finally, decontamination efficiency of substrates initially contaminated by inactive cesium is evaluated. We show that salt crystals (cesium nitrate) growing during the system poultice/substrate drying can, in some configurations, limit contaminants transport from the substrate to the poultice and thus reduce the decontamination efficiency
Sorlier, Lefort Elodie. "Développement d'un procédé de graduation des carbures cémentés WC-Co basé sur l'imbibition, amélioration de la durée de vie des taillants de forage." Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENMP1620.
Full textMartin, Benoît. "Dynamique des transferts d’humidité au sein de l’épicéa commun (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) : mesures par imagerie X et simulations numériques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0044.
Full textNumerical tools are commonly used by construction companies to design and validate building systems to meet thermal and environmental requirements of buildings. In the case of solid wood, discrepancies remain between numerical simulations and experimental data regarding moisture transfer. However, their correct consideration is essential to guarantee the durability of wood structures and ensure their thermal performance. This work aims to better understand moisture transfer in solid wood in order to improve the predictive capacity of models. For this purpose, several experimental setups were developed to study the dynamics of moisture transfer in wood samples using X-ray imaging. Firstly, imbibition experiments were conducted to study capillary migration in spruce samples to reproduce exposure of wooden construction components to liquid water during the construction phase. The results – from 3D µCT images – allowed to follow the liquid pathways in the pore network of wood and thus to better understand the effect of anatomy on the water migration. Secondly, the dynamics of moisture transfer under non‑isothermal conditions was studied by applying a sequence of thermal solicitations to the ends of a cylindrical sample similar to the conditions encountered in an external wall. The spatio‑temporal evolution of the moisture content within the sample – initially with a homogeneous moisture content – showed the effect of temperature on the moisture redistribution. Finally, these experimental data were compared with values from numerical simulations in different configurations, illustrating the predictive capacities and limitations of models using a macroscopic formulation to simulate coupled heat-mass transfers in a porous medium
Zhao, Boran. "POLYHIPEs MORPHOLOGY, SURFACE MODIFICATION AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1542814326480355.
Full textRuivo, Céline. "Le Technicolor trichrome : histoire d'un procédé et enjeux de sa restauration." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA022.
Full textThe Technicolor Company has celebrated its hundredyears of existence, since it was born in November 1915.Technicolor was, at first, a two-color natural color processthat has been modified three times before becoming a threecolorprocess, also known as the process number four.The three-color process was revolutionary since it impliedthe construction of a three-strip camera, which separated theprimary colors red, blue and green with three negatives. Thelaboratory created also dye transfer printing, a technic thatwas able to create projection prints with visual qualitiesequivalent to lithography. Consequently, the dyes of theTechnicolor prints haven’t fade throughout the years. Inaddition, the three-color equipment included a newworkflow during the film shooting. The crew working onthe film set, used to black and white shooting, had to betrained to work with this medium. Technicolor created aswell the color consulting in order to help the crew tomanage better the color composition.This dissertation is an in depth analysis of the historicaland technical issues of the three-color Technicolor processand interrogates the technical devices that have been used torestore the films. In this way, different questions about theprocedures of restoration of the films, shot between 1932and 1955, are addressed throughout the study. Due to theobsolete status of the three color Technicolor process, thequestion of its reproduction can be problematic. This is thefirst thorough study, written in French, dedicated to thethree-color Technicolor process with an opening to theimportance of restoring the original colors of a film
Neto, José Antonio Bellini da Cunha. "Transport d'humidité en matériau poreux en présence d'un gradient de température : caractérisation expérimentale d'un béton cellulaire." Grenoble 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE10137.
Full textMomeni, Sina. "Non-linear diffusion in fractured porous media and application to dual-medium inter-porosity flux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS496.
Full textTransfers in fractured porous media are involved in many industrial applications such as oil production, geothermal exploitation, soil remediation, or geological storage. Dimensional analysis of matrix-fracture transfers must consider all physical mechanisms driving transfers, pressure diffusivity, gravity/segregation, capillary force, viscous flow, molecular diffusion for compositional transfers, and chemical alteration of fluid/rock. Modeling and up-scaling these transfers in linear and non-linear forms remain a major challenge in many applications. The “dual-medium” model is a powerful tool for up-scaling transfers in the matrix block scale of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs but, unfortunately, most of their formulations rely on the asymptotic value (at large/late times) of a so-called “shape factor” in a single-phase flow context. This research increases the reliability of up-scaling of matrix-fracture dual-medium models that are adopted to simulate fluid or heat transport at the scale of geological reservoirs. Analytical solutions for single-phase diffusion are well-known in Darcy-scale. These Darcy-scale models provided reference solutions whose physical analysis helps in setting up the upscaling methods for parameterizing the macro-scale models based on the dual-medium concept. This study derived an analytical shape factor for linear diffusion in the dual-medium model with specific fracture boundary conditions and suggested a correction function to modify the dual-medium numerical simulator. The matrix-fracture transfer time is characterized by early- and late-time behaviors that turned to our methodology to solve the non-linear two-phase transfer. In many situations of practical interest, capillarity is the dominant driving force and the saturation-dependent diffusion coefficient vanishes at the saturation end points, which renders the driving equation highly singular. We revisit this non-linear problem with Dirichlet boundary condition by presenting two exact asymptotic solutions valid for early- and late-times, under the assumption that the diffusivity vanishes as a power-law of both phase saturations at the extreme values of the fluid saturation. In the early-time an exact self-similar solution is adopted. Focusing on the late-time domain, the asymptotic solution is derived using an Ansatz that is written under the form of a power-law time decay of the NAPL saturation. The spatial variations of the solution are given analytically for a one-dimensional porous medium corresponding to parallel fracture planes. The analytical solution is in very good agreement with the results of numerical simulations involving various realistic sets of input transport parameters. Generalization to the case of two- or three-dimensional matrix blocks of arbitrary shape is proposed using a similar Ansatz. A fast converging algorithm based on a fixed-point sequence starting from a suitable first guess was developed. Comparisons with full-time simulations for several typical block geometries show an excellent agreement. These analytical results generalize linear single-phase representation of matrix-to-fracture exchange term to two-phase capillary imbibition transfer. This formulation accounts for the non-linearity of the local flow equations using the power-law dependence of the conductivity for low NAPL saturation. The corresponding exponent can be predicted from the input conductivity parameters. Similar findings are also presented and validated numerically for two- or three-dimensional matrix blocks. Finally, we present a matrix-fracture transfer model with a characteristic time that scales the full range of a counter-current capillary imbibition in a multi-dimensional system.That original approach paves the way to research leading to a more faithful description of matrix-to-fracture exchanges when considering a realistic fractured medium composed of a population of matrix blocks of various size and shapes
Levaché, Bertrand. "Dynamiques d'imbibition en milieu confiné." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00966910.
Full textDallel, Dorra. "Etude expérimentale modèle de l'imbibition capillaire de substrats poreux à volume et structure de pores ajustables." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870951.
Full textKorchi, Fatima Zahra El. "Approche expérimentale multi-échelle de l'effondrement capillaire de sols granulaires." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTS036/document.
Full textWetting in granular materials induces changes in the morphology of capillary bridges which pass from an isolated form (between two neighboring grains) to a merged form (between several neighboring grains). These changes in the morphology of the liquid bridges impact the mechanical behavior of these materials, and can lead to instabilities such as capillary collapse. The thesis presents a multi-scale experimental approach in the laboratory of the capillary collapse of granular materials during wetting. The approach concerns the three scales: macroscopic of a Representative Elementary Volume, mesoscopic of several grains and local of three or four grains. At the macroscopic scale, the wetting tests, carried out in a triaxial cell, allowed the identification and the analysis of capillary collapse phenomenon, focusing on the evolution of deformations over time. The tests are carried out on two granular materials, the first is a material made of glass beads and the second is a crushed sand. A clay fraction is sometimes incorporated into the material. Several parameters have been studied in order to understand their contributions to the triggering of the collapse phenomenon, such as: grain size, initial water content, initial compactness and percentage of clay particles. At the mesoscopic and local scales, an experimental study is proposed to characterize the mechanical behavior of a granular materials, in the pendular and funicular regimes. In particular, this study focus on the effect of the wetting and the coalescence of bridges, on the capillary force between grains at the considered scale. Wetting tests were performed by adding water volume increments to the capillary bridges. The results on behavior and collapse at the macroscopic scale during wetting are discussed using the results obtained on the lower scales
Hoang, Ngoc Lan. "Etudes des propriétés hydromécaniques d’un sable limoneux : de la saturation partielle à la saturation complète." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSET005/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns the experimental characterization of a silty sand from the Livet - Gavet dam (38) as part of the ANR TerreDurable project, for following objectives: 1- Through laboratory tests, characterize the hydro-mechanical behaviour of a fine silty sand (Type A1 in the GTR classification) according to its saturation state. In this study, particular emphasis is placed on the characterization of this behaviour in the near-saturated domain. 2- Interpret the water behaviour of material on the drainage - imbibition cycles, in relation to the analysis of its microstructure. 3- From a general point of view, provide a comprehensive database and analysis allowing the development and calibration of models of near-saturated fine soil's behaviour, in particular, by considering complex hydro-mechanical loading paths. For all tests in this study, the material is considered in two states: either in the state of paste (normally consolidated material) prepared at water content close to the limit of liquidity, or in compacted state (over consolidated material) at different compaction energies and different initial water contents