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Journal articles on the topic "Imaging metabolico"

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Dellagiustina, E., L. Mavilla, M. Sintini, and A. Guerra. "Neuroradiologia della sindrome di Alpers." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 5, no. 1_suppl (April 1992): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009920050s135.

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Si segnala la particolare evoluzione neuroradiologica di una piccola paziente, che ha attualmente a.2 e m. 10, e che a seguito di un coma metabolico con stato di male epilettico, iperlattacidemia, epatopatia moderata, anomalie lente sull'EEGramma, ha cominciato all'età di 3 mesi ad eseguire accertamenti neuroradiologici. la TC a quell'età mostrò solo una lievissima atrofia cerebrale con ipodensità irregolare della sostanza bianca. All'età di 6 mesi, allorquando fu posta la diagnosi di sindrome di Alpers, la RM metteva in evidenza un quadro di gravissima atrofia degli emisferi cerebrali, sia corticale che sottocorticale, e, in minor misura, di quelli cerebellari, con relativo risparmio dei nuclei della base e del tronco cerebrale. L'evoluzione atrofica era stata talmente rapida da indurre in tre mesi anche la formazione di due voluminosi ematomi sottodurali. La RM fu decisiva per confermare il sospetto diagnostico. Da allora, la condizione clinica neurologica e metabolica della paziente, in trattamento con dosi elevate di carnitina e vit. Bl, oltre che con anticomiziali, si è stabilizzata. Anche il quadro neuroradiologico si mantiene sostanzialmente invariato, fatta eccezione per il riassorbimento dei due ematomi sottodurali. Le indagini metaboliche approfondite hanno permesso di dimostrare un difetto di attivazione del complesso piruvato-deidrogenasi. La RM si dimostra esame indispensabile per la diagnosi di questa rara malattia, e superiore alla TC. A nostra conoscenza è questo il primo studio neuroradiologico prospettico della sindrome di Alpers.
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van de Weijer, Tineke, Elisabeth H. M. Paiman, and Hildo J. Lamb. "Cardiac metabolic imaging: current imaging modalities and future perspectives." Journal of Applied Physiology 124, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01051.2016.

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In this review, current imaging techniques and their future perspectives in the field of cardiac metabolic imaging in humans are discussed. This includes a range of noninvasive imaging techniques, allowing a detailed investigation of cardiac metabolism in health and disease. The main imaging modalities discussed are magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques for determination of metabolite content (triglycerides, glucose, ATP, phosphocreatine, and so on), MRI for myocardial perfusion, and single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography for quantitation of perfusion and substrate uptake.
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Origgi, D., L. T. Mainardi, A. Falini, G. Calabrese, G. Scotti, S. Cerutti, and G. Tosi. "Quantificazione automatica di spettri 1H ed estrazione di mappe metaboliche da acquisizioni CSI mediante Wavelet Packets." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 13, no. 1 (February 2000): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140090001300106.

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La quantificazione dei picchi spettrali del segnale di spettroscopia 1H in risonanza magnetica, utile per un'analisi metabolica dei tessuti in-vivo, richiede un tempo di elaborazione elevato, soprattutto quando si tratta di acquisizioni CSI dove ad essere elaborata è un'intera matrice di dati. Inoltre, la sovrapposizione dei picchi, maggiormente marcata negli spettri con tempo di eco breve (20 ms), rende spesso difficoltosa la separazione dei singoli contributi metabolici. Si propone pertanto un metodo automatico per la quantificazione dei metaboliti, che utilizza l'algoritmo delle Wavelet Packets per scomporre il segnale nel dominio del tempo (FID) in sottobande. La stima dei parametri di ampiezza, fase, frequenza e smorzamento viene quindi eseguita nelle sottobande, dove cadono i picchi di interesse, mediante metodi di predizione lineare basati sulla scomposizione a valori singolari (LPSDV). L'ampiezza stimata dei picchi viene infine utilizzata sia per il calcolo dei rapporti metabolici sia per l'estrazione di mappe metaboliche. Il metodo di quantificazione proposto è stato messo a punto su fantocci e poi applicato alle acquisizioni di volontari sani e infine su alcuni pazienti. L'elaborazione automatica dei dati spettroscopici con il metodo proposto offre la possibilità di studiare in modo efficace ed affidabile i metaboliti cerebrali nonché di rappresentare la loro distribuzione spaziale mediante mappe metaboliche.
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Agudelo, Joao Piraquive, Deepti Upadhyay, Dalin Zhang, Hongjuan Zhao, Rosalie Nolley, Jinny Sun, Shubhangi Agarwal, et al. "Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Metabolic Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma." Metabolites 12, no. 11 (November 15, 2022): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12111117.

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Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are high-fidelity cancer models typically credentialled by genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics. Characterization of metabolic reprogramming, a hallmark of cancer, is less frequent. Dysregulated metabolism is a key feature of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and authentic preclinical models are needed to evaluate novel imaging and therapeutic approaches targeting metabolism. We characterized 5 PDX from high-grade or metastatic ccRCC by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and steady state metabolic profiling and flux analysis. Similar to MRI of clinical ccRCC, T2-weighted images of orthotopic tumors of most PDX were homogeneous. The increased hyperintense (cystic) areas observed in one PDX mimicked the cystic phenotype typical of some RCC. The negligible hypointense (necrotic) areas of PDX grown under the highly vascularized renal capsule are beneficial for preclinical studies. Mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were equivalent to those of ccRCC in human patients. Hyperpolarized (HP) [1-13C]pyruvate MRI of PDX showed high glycolytic activity typical of high-grade primary and metastatic ccRCC with considerable intra- and inter-tumoral variability, as has been observed in clinical HP MRI of ccRCC. Comparison of steady state metabolite concentrations and metabolic flux in [U-13C]glucose-labeled tumors highlighted the distinctive phenotypes of two PDX with elevated levels of numerous metabolites and increased fractional enrichment of lactate and/or glutamate, capturing the metabolic heterogeneity of glycolysis and the TCA cycle in clinical ccRCC. Culturing PDX cells and reimplanting to generate xenografts (XEN), or passaging PDX in vivo, altered some imaging and metabolic characteristics while transcription remained like that of the original PDX. These findings show that PDX are realistic models of ccRCC for imaging and metabolic studies but that the plasticity of metabolism must be considered when manipulating PDX for preclinical studies.
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Dutta, Prasanta, Travis C. Salzillo, Shivanand Pudakalakatti, Seth T. Gammon, Benny A. Kaipparettu, Florencia McAllister, Shawn Wagner, et al. "Assessing Therapeutic Efficacy in Real-time by Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Metabolic Imaging." Cells 8, no. 4 (April 11, 2019): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8040340.

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Precisely measuring tumor-associated alterations in metabolism clinically will enable the efficient assessment of therapeutic responses. Advances in imaging technologies can exploit the differences in cancer-associated cell metabolism as compared to normal tissue metabolism, linking changes in target metabolism to therapeutic efficacy. Metabolic imaging by Positron Emission Tomography (PET) employing 2-fluoro-deoxy-glucose ([18F]FDG) has been used as a routine diagnostic tool in the clinic. Recently developed hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance (HP-MR), which radically increases the sensitivity of conventional MRI, has created a renewed interest in functional and metabolic imaging. The successful translation of this technique to the clinic was achieved recently with measurements of 13C-pyruvate metabolism. Here, we review the potential clinical roles for metabolic imaging with hyperpolarized MRI as applied in assessing therapeutic intervention in different cancer systems.
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Alkire, Michael T., Chris J. D. Pomfrett, Richard J. Haier, Marc V. Gianzero, Candice M. Chan, Bradley P. Jacobsen, and James H. Fallon. "Functional Brain Imaging during Anesthesia in Humans." Anesthesiology 90, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199903000-00011.

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Background Propofol and isoflurane anesthesia were studied previously with functional brain imaging in humans to begin identifying key brain areas involved with mediating anesthetic-induced unconsciousness. The authors describe an additional positron emission tomography study of halothane's in vivo cerebral metabolic effects. Methods Five male volunteers each underwent two positron emission tomography scans. One scan assessed awake-baseline metabolism, and the other scan assessed metabolism during halothane anesthesia titrated to the point of unresponsiveness (mean +/- SD, expired = 0.7+/-0.2%). Scans were obtained using a GE2048 scanner and the F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose technique. Regions of interest were analyzed for changes in both absolute and relative glucose metabolism. In addition, relative changes in metabolism were evaluated using statistical parametric mapping. Results Awake whole-brain metabolism averaged 6.3+/-1.2 mg x 100 g(-1) x min(-1) (mean +/- SD). Halothane reduced metabolism 40+/-9% to 3.7+/-0.6 mg x 100 g(-1) x min(-1) (P< or =0.005). Regional metabolism did not increase in any brain areas for any volunteer. The statistical parametric mapping analysis revealed significantly less relative metabolism in the basal forebrain, thalamus, limbic system, cerebellum, and occiput during halothane anesthesia. Conclusions Halothane caused a global whole-brain metabolic reduction with significant shifts in regional metabolism. Comparisons with previous studies reveal similar absolute and relative metabolic effects for halothane and isoflurane. Propofol, however, was associated with larger absolute metabolic reductions, suppression of relative cortical metabolism more than either inhalational agent, and significantly less suppression of relative basal ganglia and midbrain metabolism.
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Shim, Hyunsuk, Alfredo Daniel Voloschin, Li Wei, Scott N. Hwang, Andrew H. Miller, Ying Guo, Daniel Brat, et al. "Using proton MRSI to predict response to vorinostat treatment in recurrent GBM." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 3055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.3055.

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3055 Background: A major impediment to the development of new therapies for glioblastoma (GBM) is a lack of biomarkers indicating response. Epigenetic modifications are now recognized as a frequent occurrence in the early phases of tumorigenesis, playing a central role in tumor development. Epigenetic alterations differ significantly from genetic modifications in that they may be reversed by ‘‘epigenetic drugs’’ such as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis). As a promising new modality for cancer therapy, the first generation of HDACi is currently being tested in phase I/II clinical trials. Methods: GBM alterations from therapy with HDACis, such as vorinostat (SAHA), include tumor redifferentiation/cytostasis rather than tumor size reduction limits the utility of traditional imaging methods such as MRI. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) quantitates various metabolite levels in tumor and normal brain, allowing characterization of metabolic processes in live tissue. Results: In our preclinical model, MRS detected metabolic response to SAHA after only 3 days of treatment: reduced alanine and lactate and elevated myo-inositol, N-acetyl aspartate and creatine; each returning toward normal brain levels. This led to our clinical study of MRSI to evaluate the metabolic response of recurrent GBMs to SAHA + temozolomide. After only 7 days of SAHA treatment, MRSI can distinguish metabolic responders (normalization/restoration of tumor metabolites towards normal brain-like metabolism) from non-responders (no significant change in tumor metabolites). Our initial cohort (n=6) consists of 3 responders and 3 non-responders with highly significant differences in their change in metabolite levels (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our results provide exciting insights into the mechanisms by which HDACi exerts its effect on GBMs. Tumor cells have increased biosynthetic needs requiring reprogramming of cellular metabolism. This creates increased energy demands, making tumor cells even more vulnerable to interventions targeting their metabolism. HDACi may induce redifferentiation in tumors by targeting tumor metabolism. Thus, MRSI provides a novel modality to predict response to HDACi-containing combination therapy in GBM.
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Zhu, Xiao-Hong, Byeong-Yeul Lee, Paul Tuite, Lisa Coles, Abhishek G. Sathe, Chi Chen, Jim Cloyd, Walter C. Low, Clifford J. Steer, and Wei Chen. "Quantitative Assessment of Occipital Metabolic and Energetic Changes in Parkinson’s Patients, Using In Vivo 31P MRS-Based Metabolic Imaging at 7T." Metabolites 11, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11030145.

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Abnormal energy metabolism associated with mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to be a major contributor to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recent advancements in the field of magnetic resonance (MR) based metabolic imaging provide state-of-the-art technologies for non-invasively probing cerebral energy metabolism under various brain conditions. In this proof-of-principle clinical study, we employed quantitative 31P MR spectroscopy (MRS) imaging techniques to determine a constellation of metabolic and bioenergetic parameters, including cerebral adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and other phosphorous metabolite concentrations, intracellular pH and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) redox ratio, and ATP production rates in the occipital lobe of cognitive-normal PD patients, and then we compared them with age-sex matched healthy controls. Small but statistically significant differences in intracellular pH, NAD and ATP contents and ATPase enzyme activity between the two groups were detected, suggesting that subtle defects in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function are quantifiable before regional neurological deficits or pathogenesis begin to occur in these patients. Pilot data aiming to evaluate the bioenergetic effect of mitochondrial-protective bile acid, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) were also obtained. These results collectively demonstrated that in vivo 31P MRS-based neuroimaging can non-invasively and quantitatively assess key metabolic-energetic metrics in the human brain. This provides an exciting opportunity to better understand neurodegenerative diseases, their progression and response to treatment.
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Moorcraft, J., N. M. Bolas, N. K. Ives, P. Sutton, M. J. Blackledge, B. Rajagopalan, P. L. Hope, and G. K. Radda. "Spatially Localized Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Brains of Normal and Asphyxiated Newborns." Pediatrics 87, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.87.3.273.

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Phase-modulated rotating frame imaging is a modification of magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which uses a linear radiofrequency field gradient to obtain spatially localized biochemical information. Phase-modulated rotating frame imaging was used to study regional cerebral energy metabolism in the brains of 9 normal newborns and 25 newborns after birth asphyxia. Relative concentrations of phosphorus-containing metabolites and intracellular pH were determined for brain tissue at three specified depths below the brain surface for all neonates. Wide variations in metabolite ratios were seen among normal neonates, and considerable metabolic heterogeneity was demonstrated in individual neonates by depth-resolved spectroscopy. Asphyxiated neonates with severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and a poor neurodevelopmental outcome showed the expected rise in inorganic orthophosphate and fall in phosphocreatine concentrations in both global and spatially localized spectra. Phase-modulated rotating frame imaging showed that metabolic derangement was less in superficial than in deeper brain tissue. The inorganic orthophosphateadenosine triphosphate ratio from 1 to 2 cm below the brain surface was more accurate than any global metabolite ratio for the identification of neonates with a poor short-term outcome. These data are consistent with the known vulnerability of subcortical brain tissue to hypoxic-ischemic injury in the full-term neonate.
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Li, Xianqi, Ovidiu Andronesi, Bernhard Strasser, Kourosh Jafari-Khouzani, Daniel Cahill, Jorg Dietrich, Tracy Batchelor, Martin Bendszus, Ulf Neuberger, and Philipp Vollmuth. "BIMG-22. DEEP LEARNING SUPER-RESOLUTION MR SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING TO MAP TUMOR METABOLISM IN MUTANT IDH GLIOMA PATIENTS." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_1 (March 1, 2021): i5—i6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab024.021.

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Abstract Metabolic imaging can map spatially abnormal molecular pathways with higher specificity for cancer compared to anatomical imaging. However, acquiring high resolution metabolic maps similar to anatomical MRI is challenging due to low metabolite concentrations, and alternative approaches that increase resolution by post-acquisition image processing can mitigate this limitation. We developed deep learning super-resolution MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) to map tumor metabolism in patients with mutant IDH glioma. We used a generative adversarial network (GAN) architecture comprised of a UNet neural network as the generator network and a discriminator network for adversarial training. For training we simulated a large data set of 9600 images with realistic quality for acquired MRSI to effectively train the deep learning model to upsample by a factor of four. Two types of training were performed: 1) using only the MRSI data, and 2) using MRSI and prior information from anatomical MRI to further enhance structural details. The performance of super-resolution methods was evaluated by peak SNR (PSNR), structure similarity index (SSIM), and feature similarity index (FSIM). After training on simulations, GAN was evaluated on measured MRSI metabolic maps acquired with resolution 5.2×5.2 mm2 and upsampled to 1.3×1.3 mm2. The GAN trained only on MRSI achieved PSNR = 27.94, SSIM = 0.88, FSIM = 0.89. Using prior anatomical MRI improved GAN performance to PSNR = 30.75, SSIM = 0.90, FSIM = 0.92. In the patient measured data, GAN super-resolution metabolic images provided clearer tumor margins and made apparent the tumor metabolic heterogeneity. Compared to conventional image interpolation such as bicubic or total variation, deep learning methods provided sharper edges and less blurring of structural details. Our results indicate that the proposed deep learning method is effective in enhancing the spatial resolution of metabolite maps which may better guide treatment in mutant IDH glioma patients.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Imaging metabolico"

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FERRI, FRANCESCA. "Phenotypic and metabolic imaging characterization of posterior cognitive dysfunctions." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/94449.

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In the last decade, the differential diagnosis of dementia has become very challenging. Different clinical syndromes can in fact be associated with the same underlying pathology and different pathologies can be associated with the same clinical phenotype, making it very difficult to distinguish them in vivo. In the present project we focused on the differential diagnosis of cognitive syndromes affecting, at onset, posterior cerebral networks with particular reference to PCA, CBD and LBD, respectively. We enrolled 70 consecutive patients, referred to the memory clinic of the Neurology Department of S. Gerardo Hospital, with a cognitive profile characterized primarily by impairment of posterior cognitive functions and a relative spare of language and memory functions. Each patient underwent, an extensive neuropsychological battery, a neurological examination and a [18F]FDG-PET in close proximity to the neuropsychological assessment. Applying Principal Components Analysis to all the tasks of posterior cognitive functions, we highlighted three cognitive sub-syndromes that we interpret as anatomical-based and label as “left parietal”, “left temporo-occipital” and “right parietal” and we classify patients on the basis of these three components. Cerebral metabolism measured with [18F]FDG-PET confirm this interpretation of the three sub-syndromes. We then compared empirical patients classification and the diagnoses made with the current diagnostic criteria for Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA), Corticobasal degeneration (CBD), Lewy body dementia (LBD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). One of the most important evidence was that all patients classified as “left temporo-occipital” were diagnosed as AD or PCA (only one of these patients met both criteria of PCA and CBD). Two additional quite interesting associations emerged, although less strong: the first between “left parietal” and CBD diagnosis and the second between “right parietal” and PCA diagnosis. Finally a large group of patients could not be classified only on the basis of their very specific posterior cognitive profile. In conclusion, this new empirical approach seems to be quite useful in the differential diagnosis of dementia syndromes.
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Zaidi, Syed Anwar Hyder. "Optical Redox Imaging of Metabolic Activity." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1484672916027993.

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Doyle, Francis James Jr. "Metabolic imaging of the murine brain." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12352.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
Alzheimer's disease is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. While the pathology of the disease is not fully understood, it is becoming increasingly apparent that it involves a complex homeostatic system involving multiple metals, including zinc, copper, and iron. There is also growing evidence that demonstrates developmental lead exposure may also have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Understanding the role of these elements in Alzheimer's disease and other metal dyshomeostasis related maladies is key in the development of treatments and possible cures. The development of metallomic imaging using systems like Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) shows great promise in tracking the distribution of individual elements in physiological tissues. However, the process is both time- and resource-consuming. In an effort to alleviate these issues, we developed a method for creating calibration standards for both LA-ICP-MS and LA-ICP-OES (Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) and a method for creating 60µm sections for laser ablation. In addition, we also explored the capabilities and sensitivity of a LA-ICP-OES system for metallomic imaging using murine brains. While imaging of the 60µm sections will require additional calibration and fine-tuning, we were able to successfully image and identify physiological areas of interest in the murine brain by elemental distribution. Continued development of this technology will lead to better optical emission spectrometry image resolution, while freeing up the LAICP-MS for ultra-trace elemental and isotopic analysis.
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Azmi, Shazli. "Longitudinal studies in metabolic neuropathies : development of imaging biomarkers." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/longitudinal-studies-in-metabolic-neuropathies-development-of-imaging-biomarkers(6913e957-0e81-4af8-a544-f943f0105b8c).html.

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Corneal Confocal Microscopy (CCM) is a non-invasive imaging technique to quantify small nerve fibre structure in patients with diabetic somatic and autonomic neuropathy and increasingly other metabolic, hereditary, toxic and inflammatory peripheral neuropathies. This thesis establishes that CCM is indeed a powerful imaging technique which can identify early small fibre degeneration and regeneration in relation to the clinical phenotype of subjects with obesity, impaired glucose tolerance and Type1/2 diabetes. We demonstrate a precise relationship between small fibre neuropathy and erectile dysfunction in subjects with Type 1 diabetes. We also demonstrate the utility of CCM in demonstrating relative protection from small fibre damage in Type 1 patients with extreme duration diabetes (medallists) at baseline and over 3 years and repair in patients undergoing simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation. This thesis provides further evidence for the utility of CCM as a marker of early small fibre neuropathy by demonstrating nerve damage in subjects with morbid obesity with and without diabetes and explore the mechanisms underlying nerve damage at baseline and repair following bariatric surgery. We also show that CCM can track dynamic changes in small fibre degeneration and regeneration in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance in relation to change in glucose tolerance status and following continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in subjects with Type 1 diabetes.
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Hung, Yin Pun. "Single Cell Imaging of Metabolism with Fluorescent Biosensors." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10147.

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Cells utilize various signal transduction networks to regulate metabolism. Nevertheless, a quantitative understanding of the relationship between growth factor signaling and metabolic state at the single cell level has been lacking. The signal transduction and metabolic states could vary widely among individual cells. However, such cell-to-cell variation might be masked by the bulk measurements obtained from conventional biochemical methods. To assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of metabolism in individual intact cells, we developed genetically encoded biosensors based on fluorescent proteins. As a key redox cofactor in metabolism, NADH has been implicated in the Warburg effect, the abnormal metabolism of glucose that is a hallmark of cancer cells. To date, however, sensitive and specific detection of NADH in the cytosol of individual live cells has been difficult. We engineered a fluorescent biosensor of NADH by combining a circularly permuted green fluorescent protein variant with a bacterial NADH-binding protein Rex. The optimized biosensor Peredox reports cytosolic \(NADH:NAD^+\) ratios in individual live cells and can be calibrated with exogenous lactate and pyruvate. Notably pH resistant, this biosensor can be used in several cultured and primary cell types and in a high-content imaging format. We then examined the single cell dynamics of glycolysis and energy-sensing signaling pathways using Peredox and other fluorescent biosensors: AMPKAR, a sensor of the AMPK activity; and FOXO3-FP, a fluorescently-tagged protein domain from Forkhead transcription factor FOXO3 to report on the PI3K/Akt pathway activity. With perturbation to growth factor signaling, we observed a transient response in the cytosolic \(NADH:NAD^+\) redox state. In contrast, with partial inhibition of glycolysis by iodoacetate, individual cells varied substantially in their responses, and cytosolic \(NADH:NAD^+\) ratios oscillated between high and low states with a regular, approximately half-hour period, persisting for hours. These glycolytic NADH oscillations appeared to be cell-autonomous and coincided with the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway but not the AMPK pathway. These results suggest a dynamic coupling between growth factor signaling and metabolic parameters. Overall, this thesis presents novel optical tools to assess metabolic dynamics – and to unravel the elaborate and complex integration of glucose metabolism and signaling pathways at the single cell level.
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Chennell, George. "Imaging of metabolism in 3D culture by FLIM." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/49245.

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The work presented in this thesis is aimed to develop and evaluate methodologies for noninvasive measurements of metabolism using fluorescence microscopy. The use of 3D cell cultures in biomedical research is increasing and these require appropriate tools and techniques to provide quantitative readouts for image-based studies. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) can provide robust readouts in complex optical samples and here I have investigated its application to map changes in the response of genetically expressed biosensors utilising Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) in spheroids. In particular, I adapted a FRET biosensor for the activity of a key metabolic enzyme, AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), by substituting the donor fluorescent protein ECFP for mTurquoise2, in order to improve its performance in FLIM-based assays. I developed spheroid cultures expressing FRET biosensors and studied these using quantitative FRET readouts. To take account of possible influences of the microenvironment of 3D culture on the fluorescence lifetime measurements, I generated spheroids expressing simple fluorescent proteins and expressing an inactive mutation of the FRET biosensor. I evaluated the new AMPK FRET biosensor, demonstrating improved performance for fluorescence lifetime readouts, and compared dose responses for a direct activator of AMPK with the biosensor expressed in “2D” monolayer cultures and in spheroids, consistently observing a uniform response. In contrast, the dose response of an indirect activator of AMPK in spheroids presented a spatially varying AMPK activation. I further explored the application of FLIM to map the readout of a genetically expressed FRET biosensor for glucose and again observed a spatially varying response in spheroids. I then explored cell specific AMPK activities using FRET biosensors in prostate cancer cells and bone marrow stromal cells with a spheroid system of tumour stromal interactions. I also used biosensors for ATP and glucose concentration in a similar manner and undertook measurements of oxygen consumption rates using a metabolic flux analyser. I observed changes in metabolism that indicate the prostate cancer cells were metabolically benefitting from the interaction with bone marrow cells.
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Hare, Hannah V. "Quantitative imaging of cerebral oxygen metabolism using MRI." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e2d8d0ac-4425-42d5-81b1-69ea9d59aafd.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive medical imaging technique that is sensitive to the level of oxygen in the blood. Calibrated MRI is capable of producing maps of absolute oxygen metabolism by using gas challenges to independently manipulate blood flow and blood oxygen content. In this thesis, several aspects of the signal model are investigated. It is confirmed that the commonly used Davis model is reassuringly insensitive to field strength, provided sufficient signal-to-noise (SNR) can be obtained. The effect in varying the experimental parameter of echo time is explored, and the results are shown to match the theory more closely when intravascular signal contribution is reduced by crusher gradients. A direct comparison was performed between resting oxidative metabolism as measured by calibrated MRI and the gold standard method of positron emission tomography (PET). Good correlation was observed for resting blood flow, but no correlation was found for oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) or absolute cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2). A follow-up study was performed to further investigate some methodological aspects of the calibrated MRI procedure, including the application of background tissue suppression, different gas delivery methods, the effects of using measured respiratory timecourses as part of image analysis, and the impact of physiological noise correction. The limiting factor in the quality of data obtained for calibrated MRI is the SNR of the arterial spin labelling (ASL) method, which is used to quantify blood flow to the brain. The alternative method of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) was investigated, which is hypothesised to be sensitive to cerebral blood volume and perfusion without the signal limitations of ASL. However IVIM was shown to be primarily sensitive to the presence of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain, and thus is not a suitable alternative to ASL when quantification is of interest.
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Germuska, Michael. "Blood oxygen level dependent imaging of cerebral mesostructure." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1c06d624-6336-4a6d-bdb2-243dc40eb32f.

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In this thesis I investigate blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI methods of imaging the cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean vessel radius and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF). Through the investigation of these individual techniques a new framework is proposed for the simultaneous measurement of all three parameters, providing a comprehensive assay of the cerebral mesostructure. A new method for the segmentation of blood filled voxels from the sagittal sinus is presented. The implemented method is completely automated and thus removes user bias in voxel selection. The segmentation method is used in a volunteer study to calculate CBV from a hyperoxic challenge according to an existing technique. CBV measurements from this study are found to be significantly overestimated. However, a new derivation of the hyperoxic CBV equation is presented that reveals significant errors in the original method, corresponding to the observed overestimates in CBV. Modelling studies are presented that investigate the discrepancy in reported BOLD MRI measurement of mean vessel size. A significant degree of the variation in the results is found to arise from the noise sensitivity of the analysis methods. This finding is confirmed with experimental data from healthy volunteers that show good agreement with the modelling studies. Comprehensive modelling of the BOLD response to hyperoxia and hypercapnia is used to develop a new framework for OEF calculation. The new method is based on the calibration of the BOLD signal response against a change in intravascular susceptibility. The OEF calculation is extended by introducing a spin-echo readout into the acquisition scheme. This extension of the acquisition scheme provides a further independent probe of the BOLD signal, enabling the simultaneous calculation of the mean vessel size and CBV. The new framework is shown to provide OEF and vessel size estimates over a wider range of physiological parameters, providing greater scope for the clinical implementation of these techniques.
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Chow, Mei-kwan April, and 周美君. "Cellular, molecular and metabolic magnetic resonance imaging: techniques and applications." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44901148.

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Szula, Ewa. "Metabolic profiling and imaging of CHO cells for fusion protein production." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/metabolic-profiling-and-imaging-of-cho-cells-for-fusion-protein-production(ec83142c-0d97-437e-8d0f-d767887bcde5).html.

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Fc-fusion proteins (e.g. EPO-Fc) are the most often created fusion proteins due to their beneficial biological and pharmacological properties. The economic success of Fc-fusion proteins and other biopharmaceuticals production however, greatly depends on a robust, low-cost and highly effective protein mammalian cell extraction system . Understanding of how cells respond to a protein production environment based on metabolic profiles provides new goals for bioengineering of cell lines for best performance in biomanufacturing. Furthermore, insights on how individual cell metabolism and therefore phenotype, respond to cell microenvironment allows the underlying biological mechanisms to be explored in greater detail. This study focused on the application of mass spectrometry (MS) technologies, combining the analysis of metabolic profiles of cells extracts by GC-MS and MALDI-MS and spatial visualisation and distribution of metabolites within cells producing the fusion protein by MALDI-MSI and SIMS imaging. The analysis of external and internal metabolome profiles of cells producing the protein showed an extended effect of EPO-Fc fusion protein production on cell metabolism. The findings indicate that changes observed in EPO-Fc producing cells are related to enhanced protein and lipid synthesis highlighting that these cells are in a state of increased metabolic activity with the protein exocytosis into growth medium. Moreover, the composition of lipid bilayer of induced cells seemed to be different to non-induced cells. These findings were confirmed with the analysis of EPO-Fc induced cells using MS metabolic imaging. Multivariate analysis highlighted a number of metabolites that were significantly influenced by the protein expression when compared to control cells. The major metabolic changes in induced cells were those related to lipid metabolism. The information about metabolic changes in tetracycline-induced cells obtained from the analysis of cell populations was further supported with the analysis based on single-cell studies. Single-cell based studies also proved that investigations of individual cells provide additional insights about changes in metabolism of induced cells that can be referred to a unique, single cell and its phenotype. The analysis of CHO cells revealed a high level of heterogeneity within a cell population. Different cell phenotype and hence, metabolite content allowed for correlation between cell locations and their metabolite characteristics, specific for each type of cells. This project has successfully shown combination of bio-analytical techniques to investigate external and internal metabolome changes related to a fusion protein production in mammalian cells. Additionally, the significance of single cell approaches in metabolomics has also been highlighted, providing insights into the sub-cellular distribution of metabolites in cells producing EPO-Fc and information on the level of heterogeneity within a cell population. A multidimensional approach for metabolic profiling and future technological improvements of single-cell platforms are required to provide improved data acquisition and data analysis in order to better understand unknown processes involved in cell metabolism.
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Books on the topic "Imaging metabolico"

1

Lewis, Jason S., and Kayvan R. Keshari, eds. Imaging and Metabolism. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61401-4.

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van der Wall, E. E., ed. Noninvasive Imaging of Cardiac Metabolism. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3287-6.

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W, Weissman Barbara N., ed. Imaging of arthritis and metabolic bone disease. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby/Elsevier, 2009.

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European Association of Nuclear Medicine, ed. Radionuclide metabolic therapy: Clinical aspects, dosimetry and imaging. Vienna: European Association of Nuclear Medicine, 2013.

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Dirnagl, Ulrich, Arno Villringer, and Karl M. Einhäupl, eds. Optical Imaging of Brain Function and Metabolism. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2468-1.

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Ulrich, Dirnagl, Villringer Arno, Einhäupl Karl, and Symposium on Optical Imaging of Brain Function and Metabolism (1991 : Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany), eds. Optical imaging of brain function and metabolism. New York: Plenum Press, 1993.

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Optical Imaging of Brain Function andMetabolism (Conference) (1991 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany). Optical imaging of brain function and metabolism. New York: Plenum, 1993.

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B, Bassingthwaighte James, and McMillin-Wood Jeanie B, eds. Cardiovascular metabolic imaging: Physiologic and biochemical dynamics in vivo. Dallas: American Heart Association, 1985.

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Villringer, Arno, and Ulrich Dirnagl, eds. Optical Imaging of Brain Function and Metabolism 2. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0056-2.

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Handbook of syndromes and metabolic disorders: Radiologic and clinical manifestations. St. Louis: Mosby, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Imaging metabolico"

1

Laustsen, Christoffer, Cornelius von Morze, and Galen D. Reed. "Hyperpolarized Carbon (13C) MRI of the Kidney: Experimental Protocol." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 481–93. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_29.

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AbstractAlterations in renal metabolism are associated with both physiological and pathophysiologic events. The existing noninvasive analytic tools including medical imaging have limited capability for investigating these processes, which potentially limits current understanding of kidney disease and the precision of its clinical diagnosis. Hyperpolarized 13C MRI is a new medical imaging modality that can capture changes in the metabolic processing of certain rapidly metabolized substrates, as well as changes in kidney function. Here we describe experimental protocols for renal metabolic [1-13C]pyruvate and functional 13C-urea imaging step-by-step. These methods and protocols are useful for investigating renal blood flow and function as well as the renal metabolic status of rodents in vivo under various experimental (patho)physiological conditions.This chapter is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This experimental protocol is complemented by two separate chapters describing the basic concept and data analysis.
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d’Amico, Andrea. "Metabolic Imaging." In CyberKnife NeuroRadiosurgery, 155–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50668-1_11.

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Guglielmi, Giuseppe, Danila Diano, Federico Ponti, Michelangelo Nasuto, and Alberto Bazzocchi. "Metabolic." In Geriatric Imaging, 53–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35579-0_3.

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Pichiecchio, Anna, and Eleonora Tavazzi. "Metabolic Myopathies." In Neuromuscular Imaging, 127–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6552-2_14.

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Wall, Matthew A., Tiffany M. Heaster, Karissa Tilbury, Woo June Choi, Darren Roblyer, Ruikang Wang, Melissa Skala, and Jonathan T. C. Liu. "Metabolic Imaging Approaches: Optical Imaging." In Imaging and Metabolism, 99–126. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61401-4_5.

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Haedicke, Katja, Susanne Kossatz, Thomas Reiner, and Jan Grimm. "Molecular Imaging and Molecular Imaging Technologies." In Imaging and Metabolism, 3–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61401-4_1.

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Majumdar, Sharmila. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bone." In Primer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism, 277–82. Ames, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118453926.ch32.

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Zaidi, Habib, and Miho Shidahara. "Neuroreceptor Imaging." In Neural Metabolism In Vivo, 305–29. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1788-0_11.

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Stanchi, Fabio, Ken Matsumoto, and Holger Gerhardt. "Imaging Glioma Progression by Intravital Microscopy." In Metabolic Signaling, 227–43. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8769-6_16.

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Gropler, Robert J., and Craig R. Malloy. "Imaging Myocardial Metabolism." In Imaging and Metabolism, 243–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61401-4_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Imaging metabolico"

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Dorokhina, Yu A., and G. F. Ryzhkova. "Morphological and biochemical parameters of blood in rabbits when using energymetabolic compositions." In SPbVetScience. FSBEI HE St. Petersburg SUVM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/3006-2022-7-18-23.

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Modern animal husbandry can no longer be imagined without special biologically active additives and a variety of protein, vitamin and mineral complexes. Among all additives, a special place is occupied by energy-metabolic compositions that give animals all the most necessary and important substances. The composition of the EC includes: yantaric acid is a universal intracellular metabolite, widely involved in metabolic reactions in the body; citric acid is the main intermediate product of the metabolic cycle of tricarboxylic acids, plays an important role in the system of biochemical reactions of cellular respiration of living organisms; iodinol – uniquea fecal medicinal substance, it determines high biological activity, regulates immunity and metabolism in the body; cyanocoalamin (vitamin B12) - prevents the appearance of anemia, enhances immunity, plays an important role in regulating the function of hematopoietic organs; glycerin has antiseptic and preservative properties.
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Haldar, Justin P., Diego Hernando, Matthew D. Budde, Qing Wang, Sheng-Kwei Song, and Zhi-Pei Liang. "High-Resolution MR Metabolic Imaging." In 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2007.4353293.

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Skala, Melissa C., Alex J. Walsh, Amy T. Shah, Joseph T. Sharick, Tiffany M. Heaster, Rebecca S. Cook, Carlos L. Arteaga, Melinda E. Sanders, and Ingrid Meszoely. "Imaging Cellular Metabolic Heterogeneity in Cancer." In Cancer Imaging and Therapy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cancer.2016.jw4a.1.

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Tromberg, Bruce. "Clinical Metabolic Imaging Using Diffuse Optics." In Biomedical Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/biomed.2010.bwf1.

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Jourdan, Fabien, and Guy Melancon. "Tool for metabolic and regulatory pathways visual analysis." In Electronic Imaging 2003, edited by Robert F. Erbacher, Philip C. Chen, Jonathan C. Roberts, Matti T. Groehn, and Katy Boerner. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.477524.

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Masters, Barry R. "Optical Biopsy of Ocular Tissue with Two-Photon Excitation Laser Scanning Microscopy." In Biomedical Optical Spectroscopy and Diagnostics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bosd.1996.ft7.

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Two-photon excitation laser scanning microscopy is used to produce three-dimensional maps of cellular metabolism based on the fluorescence of the naturally occurring reduced pyridine nucleotides NAD(P)H. The fluorescence from NAD(P)H was imaged with submicron lateral resolution through the 400 micron thickness of the cornea. Metabolic imaging with two-photon excitation scanning laser microscopy with near-infrared excitation has several advantages over conventional ultraviolet light. The near infrared light can penetrate deeper into the ocular tissue, there is reduced photodamage, and the chromatic aberration that occurred with ultraviolet excitation light is eliminated. In order to confirm that the fluorescence intensity is predominately from the NAD(P)H, the tissues were incubated with cyanide. A subsequent time dependent doubling of the intensity of fluorescence resulted. All cell types in the cornea of an ex vivo eye were imaged. The fluorescence from keratocytes in the corneal stroma was only observed after cyanide treatment. NAD(P)H fluorescence from lens epithelial cells was observed as well as from the lens fibers. These studies demonstrate the validity of using two-photon excitation laser scanning microscopy to perform a noninvasive optical biopsy of ocular tissue.
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Shi, Lingyan. "Raman imaging of metabolic activities in brain." In Ultrafast Nonlinear Imaging and Spectroscopy VIII, edited by Zhiwen Liu, Demetri Psaltis, and Kebin Shi. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2571112.

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Bouchard, Matthew B., Sean A. Burgess, Philip Moussazadeh, Andrew J. Radosevich, Joseph P. Wuskell, Leslie M. Loew, Arkady Pertsov, and Elizabeth M. C. Hillman. "Electrical and metabolic imaging of cardiac ischemia." In Biomedical Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/biomed.2008.btuf30.

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Batista, A., S. F. Silva, J. P. Domingues, and A. M. Morgado. "Corneal metabolic imaging by FAD autofluorescence lifetime." In 2013 IEEE 3rd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/enbeng.2013.6518396.

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Silva, Susana F., Ana Batista, Jose Paulo Domingues, Maria Joao Quadrado, and Miguel Morgado. "Fluorescence lifetime microscope for corneal metabolic imaging." In 2015 IEEE 4th Portuguese Meeting on Bioengineering (ENBENG). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/enbeng.2015.7088878.

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Reports on the topic "Imaging metabolico"

1

Ding, Yu-Shin. PET Imaging of Estrogen Metabolism in Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada424080.

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Yan, Long. Metabolic Mapping of Breast Cancer with Multiphoton Spectral and Lifetime Imaging. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada493646.

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Yan, Long. Metabolic Mapping of Breast Cancer with Multiphoton Spectral and Lifetime Imaging. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada469761.

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Thomas, Michael A. Echo-Planar Imaging Based J-Resolved Spectroscopic Imaging for Improved Metabolite Detection in Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada567967.

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Thomas, Michael A. Echo-Planar Imaging Based J-Resolved Spectroscopic Imaging for Improved Metabolite Detection in Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada594378.

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Spielman, Daniel. In Vivo Imaging of Branched Chain Amino Acid Metabolism in Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581343.

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Spielman, Daniel. In Vivo Imaging of Branched Chain Amino Acid Metabolism in Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada590428.

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Feenstra, Adam D. Technological Development of High-Performance MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging for the Study of Metabolic Biology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1409181.

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Young, Pamela R. Advanced Imaging Approaches to Characterize Stromal and Metabolic Changes in In Vivo Mammary Tumor Models. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada580941.

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Korte, Andrew R. Development of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) for plant metabolite analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1226566.

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