Academic literature on the topic 'Imagerie de la microstructure du cerveau'
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Journal articles on the topic "Imagerie de la microstructure du cerveau"
Paillère-Martinot, M. L., H. Lemaitre, H. Vulser, E. Artiges, R. Miranda, and J. L. Martinot. "Vulnérabilité aux troubles de l’humeur à l’adolescence." European Psychiatry 28, S2 (November 2013): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.09.157.
Full textDehaene, S. "Le cerveau en action. Imagerie cérébrale fonctionnelle en psychologie cognitive." Nature Sciences Sociétés 5, no. 2 (April 6, 1997): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1240-1307(97)86229-2.
Full textMouchabac, S., and A. Salvador. "Voir l’invisible : imagerie cérébrale fonctionnelle de la conversion motrice." European Psychiatry 30, S2 (November 2015): S41—S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.117.
Full textArizono, Misa, Stéphane Bancelin, and U. Valentin Nägerl. "Visualiser l’espace extracellulaire du cerveau par imagerie super-résolutive en contraste inversé." médecine/sciences 36, no. 6-7 (June 2020): 559–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020105.
Full textArgyropoulou, M. I. "Imagerie du développement et de la maturation du cerveau du nouveau-né." Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine 203, no. 7 (October 2019): 496–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.banm.2019.07.002.
Full textMouras, H. "Cerveau et excitation sexuelle : utilisation conjointe de la neuro-imagerie et de pléthysmographie pénienne." Sexologies 15, no. 2 (April 2006): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2006.03.002.
Full textEnriquez, Romain. "La « cérébration inconsciente ». Imagerie et imaginaire du cerveau dans le récit de fiction (1850-1890)." Romantisme 182, no. 4 (2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rom.182.0105.
Full textMeddiche, H., R. Jeribi, R. Sebai, A. Ben Hassine, L. Belghith, and S. Touibi. "P-04 Aspect en imagerie du kyste hydatique du cerveau étude retrospective de 36 cas." Journal of Neuroradiology 32, no. 2 (March 2005): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0150-9861(05)83084-6.
Full textArgyropoulou, M. I. "Discussion suite à la communication : « Imagerie du développement et de la maturation du cerveau du nouveau-né »." Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine 203, no. 7 (October 2019): 522–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.banm.2019.07.003.
Full textDumais, A., S. Potvin, G. Martin, S. Hodgins, A. Mendrek, O. Lungu, A. Tikasz, S. Richard-Devantoy, and C. Joyal. "Schizophrénie et violence : rôle de l’impulsivité, étude en imagerie fonctionnelle." European Psychiatry 30, S2 (November 2015): S33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.097.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Imagerie de la microstructure du cerveau"
Bihan-Poudec, Yann. "IRM de diffusion cérébrale à haute résolution : développements des méthodes de reconstruction et de post-traitement." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1299.
Full textDiffusion imaging (dMRI) is a unique method for studying brain microstructure and brain connectivity in a non-invasive way. However, the low resolution and quality of this imaging restricts its use in some applications. The aim of this thesis is to develop very high resolution cerebral MRI on an anesthetized macaque model on a 3T scanner using a segmented 3D echo-planar 3D imaging sequence (3D-msEPI). After a stage of development of the reconstruction and post-processing of the data, we made diffusion images on the macaque brain at an isotropic spatial resolution of 0.5mm. This resolution allowed us to delineate and characterize fine structures such as hippocampal sublayers or superficial white matter, which are undetectable with classical sequences. However, this method is vulnerable to the elastic movements of the brain tissue induced by the cardiovascular pulsations. A strategy of synchronization of the acquisition on this one allowed us to characterize their effects on the very high resolution MRI in the anesthetized monkey. These effects are characterized by ghosting artifacts and signal losses that corrupt images, tensor, and tractography in specific areas of the brain. The synchronization allowed us to realize macaque brain diffusion imaging at spatial resolutions and very high diffusion weights never reached before. These preliminary results demonstrate the potential of our method for neuroscientific and medical applications in humans
Fang, Chengran. "Neuron modeling, Bloch-Torrey equation, and their application to brain microstructure estimation using diffusion MRI." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG010.
Full textNon-invasively estimating brain microstructure that consists of a very large number of neurites, somas, and glial cells is essential for future neuroimaging. Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is a promising technique to probe brain microstructural properties below the spatial resolution of MRI scanners. Due to the structural complexity of brain tissue and the intricate diffusion MRI mechanism, in vivo microstructure estimation is challenging.Existing methods typically use simplified geometries, particularly spheres, and sticks, to model neuronal structures and to obtain analytical expressions of intracellular signals. The validity of the assumptions made by these methods remains undetermined. This thesis aims to facilitate simulationdriven brain microstructure estimation by replacing simplified geometries with realistic neuron geometry models and the analytical intracellular signal expressions with diffusion MRI simulations. Combined with accurate neuron geometry models, numerical dMRI simulations can give accurate intracellular signals and seamlessly incorporate effects arising from, for instance, neurite undulation or water exchange between soma and neurites.Despite these advantages, dMRI simulations have not been widely adopted due to the difficulties in constructing realistic numerical phantoms, the high computational cost of dMRI simulations, and the difficulty in approximating the implicit mappings between dMRI signals and microstructure properties. This thesis addresses the above problems by making four contributions. First, we develop a high-performance opensource neuron mesh generator and make publicly available over a thousand realistic cellular meshes.The neuron mesh generator, swc2mesh, can automatically and robustly convert valuable neuron tracing data into realistic neuron meshes. We have carefully designed the generator to maintain a good balance between mesh quality and size. A neuron mesh database, NeuronSet, which contains 1213 simulation-ready cell meshes and their neuroanatomical measurements, was built using the mesh generator. These meshes served as the basis for further research. Second, we increased the computational efficiency of the numerical matrix formalism method by accelerating the eigendecomposition algorithm and exploiting GPU computing. The speed was increased tenfold. With similar accuracy, the optimized numerical matrix formalism is 20 times faster than the FEM method and 65 times faster than a GPU-based Monte Carlo method. By performing simulations on realistic neuron meshes, we investigated the effect of water exchange between somas and neurites, and the relationship between soma size and signals. We then implemented a new simulation method that provides a Fourier-like representation of the dMRI signals. This method was derived theoretically and implemented numerically. We validated the convergence of the method and showed that the error behavior is consistent with our error analysis. Finally, we propose a simulation-driven supervised learning framework to estimate brain microstructure using diffusion MRI. By exploiting the powerful modeling and computational capabilities that are mentioned above, we have built a synthetic database containing the dMRI signals and microstructure parameters of 1.4 million artificial brain voxels. We have shown that this database can help approximate the underlying mappings of the dMRI signals to volume and surface fractions using artificial neural networks
Jallais, Maëliss. "Enabling cortical cell-specific sensitivity on diffusion MRI microstructure measurements using likelihood-free inference." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASG012.
Full textNeurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's or Huntington's disease, lead to the progressive and irreversible loss of mental functions. Dementia and cognitive deficits appear to be primarily related to neuronal and synaptic connectivity loss. Although these diseases' external impact and progression are readily observable, accessing microstructural changes in the brain remains a challenge, making it difficult to understand these diseases and develop treatments.With technological advances, diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) has emerged as a novel method to study the microstructure of the brain non-invasively and in-vivo. This medical imaging technique is based on the study of random microscopic movements of water molecules, known as Brownian movements. In the brain, the movements of the molecules are constrained by cell membranes, making diffusion anisotropic. Each tissue component, such as somas (cell bodies) or neurites, has a distinct shape. The characteristics of the tissue thus modulate the diffusion brain signal obtained during an MRI acquisition.My thesis aims to develop a method to infer a tissue microstructure from a dMRI acquisition in the grey matter (GM).The solution to this inverse problem of estimating brain microstructure from dMRI is threefold:1. The definition of a biological model describing the GM tissues. Existing microstructural models of white matter were proven not to hold in the GM. We adapted these models to take into account the abundance of somas in the GM.2. A mathematical modeling of the GM tissue. We modeled each compartment of the tissue model by simple geometrical shapes, for which the diffusion signal is known. We developed a signal processing algorithm to synthesize the key information contained in the diffusion signal and relate it to a set of parameters describing the tissue (notably the size and density of neurons). This algorithm is based on a study of the statistical moments of the signal at different MRI gradient strengths. Unlike existing methods, no biological parameters are arbitrarily fixed, which allows for the best possible description of the cortical tissue of each subject.3. An inversion algorithm to estimate the tissue parameters that generated the acquisition signal. Once the mathematical model relating tissue parameters to the diffusion signal is defined, the objective is to solve the inverse problem of estimating tissue microstructure from an observation. A limitation of current methods is their inability to identify all possible tissue configurations that can explain the same observed diffusion signal, making the interpretation of the proposed estimates difficult. We used a Bayesian deep-learning method called "likelihood-based inference" combined with neural networks to solve this problem. This method allows identifying and returning all possible tissue configurations along with their posterior distributions (probability given an observation), facilitating their interpretation.We first validated this approach on simulations. Based on a few acquisition constraints, we then applied the global resolution method to the HCP MGH and HCP1200 databases of the Human Connectome Project. We developed a python library to study those simulated or acquired data. The obtained results were then compared with histological and cognitive studies to verify their validity
Chatterjee, Sudhanya. "Gaining insights into brain tissues using multi-compartment T2 relaxometry models." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S083/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we propose two multi-compartment T2 relaxometry (MCT2) models which provide information on brain tissue microstructure. Three T2 relaxometry compartments were considered in each voxel representing tissues with short T2, medium T2 and high T2 relaxation times. The complexity associated with the estimation of the parameters for such parametric models has then been explored. The first MCT2 model we propose computes the fractional representation of pre-defined T2 pools. In the next MCT2 model the fractional representations as well as T2 pool parameter were estimated for the medium T2 compartment. For both models the choice of approach was justified using a cost function analysis and a dedicated estimation framework was proposed.Our MCT2 model was used for two applications. In the first application the evolution of MCT2 biomarkers was studied in gadolinium (Gd) enhancing and nonenhancing regions of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions in 10 patients with clinically isolated syndrome. The potential of combining the MCT2 biomarkers with diffusion MRI (dMRI) derived microstructure information to identify Gd enhancing regions in MS lesions was then demonstrated in the second application. The results show that the proposed MCT2 biomarkers can be effective tools to study the condition and evolution of tissue microstructures in the brain. Combining the MCT2 biomarkers with dMRI microstructure information enabled us to address a critical and challenging problem of limiting the use of gadolinium usage in detecting enhancing lesion regions in MS patients
Girard, Gabriel. "Tractographie de la matière blanche orientée par a priori anatomiques et microstructurels." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE4014/document.
Full textDiffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is a unique imaging modality sensitive to the microscopic movement of water molecules in biological tissues. By characterizing the movement of water molecules, it is possible to infer the macroscopic neuronal pathways of the brain. The technique, so-called tractography, had become the tool of choice to study non-invasively the human brain's white matter in vivo. For instance, it has been used in neurosurgical intervention planning and in neurodegenerative diseases monitoring. In this thesis, we report biases from current tractography reconstruction and suggest methods to reduce them. We first use anatomical priors, derived from a high resolution T1-weighted image, to guide tractography. We show that knowledge of the nature of biological tissue helps tractography to reconstruct anatomically valid neuronal pathways, and reduces biases in the estimation of complex white matter regions. We then use microstructural priors, derived from the state-of-the-art diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging protocol, in the tractography reconstruction process. This allows tractography to follow the movement of water molecules not only along neuronal pathways, but also in a microstructurally specific environment. Thus, the tractography distinguishes more accurately neuronal pathways and reduces reconstruction errors. Moreover, it provides the mean to study white matter microstructure characteristics along neuronal pathways. Altogether, we show that anatomical and microstructural priors used during the tractography process improve brain’s white matter reconstruction
Ogunleke, Abiodun. "Imagerie chimique 3D de tumeurs du cerveau." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0040/document.
Full textThree-dimensional (3D) histology is a new advanced tool for cancerology. The whole chemical profile and physiological characteristics of a tissue is essential to understand the rationale of pathology development. However, there is no analytical technique, in vivo or histological, that is able to discover such abnormal features and provide a 3D distribution at microscopic resolution.Here, we introduce a unique high- throughput infrared (IR) microscopy method that combines automated image correction and subsequent spectral data analysis for 3D-IR image reconstruction. I performed spectral analysis of a complete organ for a small animal model, a mouse brain with animplanted glioma tumor. The 3D-IR image is reconstructed from 370 consecutive tissue sectionsand corrected using the X-ray tomogram of the organ for an accurate quantitative analysis of thechemical content. A 3D matrix of 89 x 106 IR spectra is generated, allowing us to separate the tumor mass from healthy brain tissues based on various anatomical, chemical, and metabolic parameters. I demonstrate for the first time that quantitative metabolic parameters (glucose, glycogen and lactate) can be extracted and reconstructed in 3D from the IR spectra for the characterization of the brain vs. tumor metabolism (assessing the Warburg effect in tumors). Our method can be further exploited by searching for the whole spectral profile, discriminating different anatomical landmarks in the brain. I demonstrate this by the reconstruction of the corpus callosum and basal ganglia region of the brain
Sablong, Raphaël. "Méthodes optiques pour l'exploration fonctionnelle du cerveau." Grenoble 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE10231.
Full textNear Infrared spectroscopy can be a complementary technique to NMR for functional exploration of the brain. During this thesis, we have developed fibered optical devices in order to provide diagnosis auxiliary tools by cerebral hemodynamics measurements. In vivo experiments were performed in rats according to three objectives: first to determine the arterial input function from tissue optical density change after tracer (ICG) bolus injections; second oximetry by differential method based on wide band spectrometric measurement; third to map the arrival time of ICG bolus in order to detect stroke by means of a specific multichannel device. The relevance of these preliminary results is discussed taking into account physiologic noise sources and approximations of current models that are applied to such a complex biological system as brain
Ben, Salem Douraïed. "Spectroscopie RMN du cerveau et maladies vasculaires." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOMU05.
Full textThe microvascular attack of brain has an effect less marked than stroke but it is at the origin of neuronal damage and cognitive deteriorations. The provision of the final vascularization of basal ganglia (BG) particularly exposes them to ischemia. Moreover, the involvement of the BG in many functional and anatomical loops is likely to favor the consequences of these vascular lesions on cognition, and balance & gait. This work aims to present a number of results focusing on hypertension. About 2 cases reports of vascular dementia, we observed, in the absence of stroke, a fall of the NAA in the subcortical gray matter. This observation led us to take an interest to explore ischemic disease by cerebral spectroscopy and to measure NAA ratios in BG and in thalami. The 1st situation is that of the controlateral hemisphere to an ischemic stroke. In this latter study, we showed that the NAA ratio of these “healthy” voxels were in fact dependent on the patient’s cardiovascular risk factors, in particular with the presence of hypertension. In order to better specify the role of hypertension and age as well as relations between the neurochemical abnormalities observed and the cognitive deterioration, it was important to be able to explore a strokeless population. The Three-City(3C) Study, provided us an interesting opportunity. We were able to select a group with no other cardiovascular risk factors except hypertension. From this population, we highlighted links between brain spectroscopy and hypertension. A final publication showed that in this population, mental flexibility and balance gait performances were linked to abnormal morphological and metabolic brain abnormalities
Creac'h, Christelle. "Physiologie de la douleur et imagerie fonctionnelle cérébrale : une étude en IRM fonctionnelle sur l'activation cérébrale au cours d'une stimulation nociceptive aigue͏̈ chez 16 volontaires sains." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR23023.
Full textGrimbert, François. "Mesoscopic models of cortical structures." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE4071.
Full textThis thesis deals with mesoscopic models of cortical columns and cortical areas. We model a cortical column as a small network of neural masses and a cortical area as a two-dimensional continuous network of such cortical columns, forming then a neural field. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to cortical columns. We review the current biological knowledge on columnar circuitry and present a mathematical study of a mesoscopic column model based on bifurcation techniques. In the second part, we study two nonlinear neural field models. The first model consists in infinite two-dimensional fields that need a precise instantiation of the connectivities and a precise definition of the patterns we expect it to produce. In this framework, we focus on the analysis of bumps. The second neural field model is defined on a compact domain? We discuss its well-posedness, stability and ability to show synchrony via functional analysis techniques. The last part of this thesis deals with the modelling of voltage sensitive dye optical imaging signals. We show that neural fields are suitable models of cortical areas. Then we propose a biophysical formula, based on neural fields, for the direct problem of VSDO ! Finally, we make numerical simulations and reproduce optical signals that have been observed in the visual cortex of mammals and the barrel cortex of the rat
Books on the topic "Imagerie de la microstructure du cerveau"
J, Froger, Pélissier J, and Entretiens de médecine physique et de réadaptation (34 : 2006 : Montpellier), eds. Imagerie cérébrale fonctionnelle et rééducation. Paris: Masson, 2006.
Find full textGaston, André. Imagerie du système nerveux: L'encéphale. Paris: Flammarion Médecine-sciences, 1986.
Find full textStanislas, Dehaene, ed. Le Cerveau en action: Imagerie cérébrale fonctionnelle en psychologie cognitive. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1997.
Find full textLe cerveau de cristal: Ce que nous révèle la neuro-imagerie. Paris: Odile Jacob, 2012.
Find full text1952-, Michel Bernard François, Duflos-Verdureau Francine, Dubois Bruno 1952-, and Groupe de recherche sur l'Alzheimer., eds. Images et demence. Marseille: Solal, 2006.
Find full textSéminaire Jean-Louis Signoret (2e 1995). Perception et agnosies: [Séminaire Jean-Louis Signoret]. Bruxelles: DeBoeck Université, 1995.
Find full textDynamic brain imaging: Multi-modal methods and in vivo applications. Totowa, N.J: Humana, 2009.
Find full textRadiologie: Pôle cérébral. Paris: Éd. Vernazobres-Grego, 2012.
Find full textAfifi, Adel K. Functional neuroanatomy: Text and atlas. New York: McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division, 1998.
Find full text1927-, Bergman Ronald A., ed. Functional neuroanatomy: Text and atlas. 2nd ed. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Imagerie de la microstructure du cerveau"
Mazoyer, Bernard. "Chapitre 3 : Imagerie fonctionnelle cérébrale." In Chimie et cerveau, 45–58. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1894-5-006.
Full textMazoyer, Bernard. "Chapitre 3 : Imagerie fonctionnelle cérébrale." In Chimie et cerveau, 45–58. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1894-5.c006.
Full textChoquet, Daniel. "Chapitre 2 : Imagerie moléculaire de la synapse." In Chimie et cerveau, 33–44. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1894-5-005.
Full textChoquet, Daniel. "Chapitre 2 : Imagerie moléculaire de la synapse." In Chimie et cerveau, 33–44. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1894-5.c005.
Full textGil, Roger, and Michel Wager. "Imagerie statique et dynamique du cerveau." In Traité Pratique de Neuropsychologie Clinique de L'adulte, 27–38. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-76689-3.00002-4.
Full textWyart, Claire. "Chapitre 4 : Fonctionnement du système nerveux : imagerie calcique et optogénétique." In Chimie et cerveau, 59–72. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1894-5-007.
Full textWyart, Claire. "Chapitre 4 : Fonctionnement du système nerveux : imagerie calcique et optogénétique." In Chimie et cerveau, 59–72. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1894-5.c007.
Full textDietemann, J. L., M. I. Vargas, and M. Koob. "Le cerveau du sujet âgé – affections dégénératives – démences – encéphalopathies toxiques." In Neuro-Imagerie Diagnostique, 595–636. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-75394-7.00017-5.
Full textLebrun, Nathalie, and Francis Eustache. "12. Imagerie fonctionnelle cérébrale et perception auditive : EEG quantitative et ERD." In Le cerveau musicien, 273. De Boeck Supérieur, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/dbu.leche.2006.01.0273.
Full textMIRAUX, Sylvain ,., Frank KOBER, and Emmanuel Luc BARBIER. "Imagerie vasculaire : flux et perfusion." In Les enjeux de l’IRM, 147–76. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9113.ch6.
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