Relevant bibliographies by topics / IMAGE PARAGRAPH

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'IMAGE PARAGRAPH'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 26 October 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "IMAGE PARAGRAPH"

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Yang, Li-Chuan, Chih-Yuan Yang, and Jane Yung-jen Hsu. "Object Relation Attention for Image Paragraph Captioning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 4 (May 18, 2021): 3136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i4.16423.

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Image paragraph captioning aims to automatically generate a paragraph from a given image. It is an extension of image captioning in terms of generating multiple sentences instead of a single one, and it is more challenging because paragraphs are longer, more informative, and more linguistically complicated. Because a paragraph consists of several sentences, an effective image paragraph captioning method should generate consistent sentences rather than contradictory ones. It is still an open question how to achieve this goal, and for it we propose a method to incorporate objects' spatial coherence into a language-generating model. For every two overlapping objects, the proposed method concatenates their raw visual features to create two directional pair features and learns weights optimizing those pair features as relation-aware object features for a language-generating model. Experimental results show that the proposed network extracts effective object features for image paragraph captioning and achieves promising performance against existing methods.
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Gupta, Arjun, Zengming Shen, and Thomas Huang. "Text Embedding Bank for Detailed Image Paragraph Captioning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 18 (May 18, 2021): 15791–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i18.17892.

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Existing deep learning-based models for image captioning typically consist of an image encoder to extract visual features and a language model decoder, an architecture that has shown promising results in single high-level sentence generation. However, only the word-level guiding signal is available when the image encoder is optimized to extract visual features. The inconsistency between the parallel extraction of visual features and sequential text supervision limits its success when the length of the generated text is long (more than 50 words). We propose a new module, called the Text Embedding Bank (TEB), to address this problem for image paragraph captioning. This module uses the paragraph vector model to learn fixed-length feature representations from a variable-length paragraph. We refer to the fixed-length feature as the TEB. This TEB module plays two roles to benefit paragraph captioning performance. First, it acts as a form of global and coherent deep supervision to regularize visual feature extraction in the image encoder. Second, it acts as a distributed memory to provide features of the whole paragraph to the language model, which alleviates the long-term dependency problem. Adding this module to two existing state-of-the-art methods achieves a new state-of-the-art result on the paragraph captioning Stanford Visual Genome dataset.
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Amaliyah, Siti, and Zariul Antosa. "PENGGUNAAN MEDIA GAMBAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS PARAGRAF DESKRIPSI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR PEKANBARU." Tunjuk Ajar: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Pendidikan 1, no. 1 (April 27, 2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jta.v1i1.44-56.

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This research is based on the low skill of writing a paragraph. Description of third-grade students of primary school, from 22 students, only 8 students (40%) are skilled and the remaining 12 students (60%) are less skilled. This research is an Action Research conducted in 2 cycles per cycle consisting of 2 meetings. This study aims to improve the skills of writing description paragraphs with the use of image media. The subject of this research is the third-grade students of primary school in Pekanbaru. Data obtained through observation and test. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical technique. The results showed that the percentage of teacher activity scores on the first cycle of 66.66%, while in cycle II the percentage score of 91.66%. Student activity in learning also experience improvement, student activity on cycle I score percentage equal to 6.66% whereas in cycle II percentage score equal to 91.66%. The results of the writing skill of the descriptive paragraph on an average baseline score of 65.3. Meanwhile, the value of the writing skill of the descriptive paragraph in the first cycle score average score of 87.2, then cycle II increased with an average of 89. It can be concluded that using image media can improve the skills to write paragraphs description of primary students.
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Che, Wenbin, Xiaopeng Fan, Ruiqin Xiong, and Debin Zhao. "Visual Relationship Embedding Network for Image Paragraph Generation." IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 22, no. 9 (September 2020): 2307–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2019.2954750.

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Abed, Assist Lect Hanan Kazem. "The Effect of Using Free Homework on Fourth Grade Primary School Students’ Achievement in Sciences." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 220, no. 2 (November 8, 2018): 277–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v220i2.495.

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The research deals with the use of free homework and its effect on fourth elementary school in sciences). A multiple-choice test was distributed which consists of a set of paragraphs of (20) checksums paragraph probationary status with alternatives for the purpose of choosing the right correct answer. The preparation of these paragraphs taken from the book of science for fourth grade primary has included the three units of the first unit (human and House)and the second (human, water and air) and the third unit (human and food) It was presented to experts and specialists in science and teaching methods of measurement and evaluation, and the percentage of agreement (80%) on the survival of all the paragraphs, and the researcher applied to the sample and exploratory s (50),pupil of outside the study of school (beacon) for the purpose of extracting the psychometric characteristics and using statistical of the paragraphs of the test results were hogback all paragraphs without deleting the paragraph because that as high as(20%) or more paragraph good extension (4), then a researcher on the application of the test worked his image on the final two groups (experimental and control), amounting to their number (60) Delmarva on 8/12/2015 and the results after the statistical analysis using (spss)There is no difference statistically significant between the average scores students (the experimental group) who are studying in accordance with the homework and free between the scores of students (the control group) the usual way and in favor of the experiment group at the level of significance (0,05) Table (6) using AI (t-test) to calculate the calculated value .
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Li, Ruifan, Haoyu Liang, Yihui Shi, Fangxiang Feng, and Xiaojie Wang. "Dual-CNN: A Convolutional language decoder for paragraph image captioning." Neurocomputing 396 (July 2020): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2020.02.041.

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Kacprzak, Aleksander. "The In-Out Spatial Relation as Conceptualized and Verbalized by Danish Directional Adverbs and their Equivalents in Polish." Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia 25, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fsp-2018-0012.

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Abstract The present paper aims to investigate and compare the conceptualization and verbalization of the in-out relation in Danish and Polish. The introductory paragraphs focus on the differences in the distribution of content in Polish and Danish employing Leonard Talmy’s typological classification of languages into verb-framed and satellite-framed, and provide information about Danish Directional Adverbs which are believed to be the key to understanding spatial relations in Danish. The analysis in the following paragraph reveals similarities and differences in the perception of the in-out relation through image schemas such as CONTAINER and CENTER-PERIPHERY. The analysis of the CENTER-PERIPHERY image schema in Danish reveals that there is often a presupposed reference point in situations where the directional adverb does not refer to the in-out relation denoted by the prepositional phrase, which leads to a description of the general structure of this image schema in the last part of the article.
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Arief, Tarman A., and Arwan Wiratman. "Improving Writing a Descriptive Paragraph of Elementary School Students through Picture-Based Mind Mapping." Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar 7, no. 2 (June 17, 2023): 284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v7i2.54013.

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The skill of writing descriptive paragraphs is one of the lessons that are difficult for elementary school students to understand. This study aims to analyze the effect of media image-based mind mapping on the skills of writing descriptive paragraphs of elementary school students. This study used quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design method with a Non-equivalent control group type. In this study, two groups were not randomly selected. Both groups were given a pretest to determine the initial state. The experimental group was treated with image media-based mind mapping, while the control group was image-based. Data collection techniques using observation and test sheets writing descriptive paragraphs. Assessment of the quality of writing descriptive paragraphs is based on focus, development, unity, coherence, and correctness. The collected data will be analyzed through two analyzes, namely descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The results of the study show that image media-based mind mapping has a significant effect on improving the skills of writing descriptive paragraphs in elementary school students. Image media-based mind mapping inspires students to write because it can develop and describe the ideas they want to write in a clearer and well-structured manner.
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Wu, Zhaochang, Jianing Zhang, Huajie Zhang, and Yunfang Chen. "VQA Model Based on Image Descriptive Paragraph and Deep Integration of BERT." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1624 (October 2020): 022014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1624/2/022014.

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Ahmadi, Nur, and Yuliana Yuliana. "IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE PENGALIRAN PROGRAM IMAS (IMAGE STREAMING) DALAM PENINGKATAN PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS KARANGAN NARATIF PADA SISWAKELAS X SMA NEGERI I POLUT KABUPATEN TAKALAR." KONFIKS : JURNAL BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA 2, no. 1 (February 9, 2017): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26618/jk.v2i1.405.

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Abstract This research aimed to improve the ability to write narrative through IMAS learning model (image streaming) Grade Students of SMA X.5 I Polut KabupatenTakalar totaling 29 students. Data collection technique used a model observation, documentation and testing. The data analysis technique used the model descriptive analysis to measure the ability to write the test results of the study (1 time giving the test) every cycle by using the distribution frequency of and the percentage of the first is that there is an increase in the quality of the learning process to write a paragraph of narrative once held a class action learning model IMAS ( Image Streaming). The results showed an increase in student learning outcomes. The average score of the first cycle of 69.59 with classical completeness 16 (55.17%) completed, are in the low category and increased in the second cycle 83.13 with classical completeness 29 (100%) completed. This is supported by the increase in activity and creativity of the students in the learning process of the first cycle increased in the second cycle. This means the application of learning models IMAS (Iamge Stream) in learning Indonesian can improve the ability to write a narrative paragraph X.5 grade students of SMA I Polut Takalar. Keywords: Writing paragraphs of narrative, learning model IMAS (Image Streaming) AbstrakPenelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis naratif melalui model pembelajaran IMAS (image streaming) pada siswa kelas X.5 SMA Negeri I Polut Kabupaten Takalar yang berjumlah 29 siswa. Teknik Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah model observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model analisis deskriptif untuk mengukur kemampuan menulis hasil tes penelitian (1 kali pemberian tes) setiap siklus dengan menggunakan distribusi frekuansi dan persentase yang pertama bahwa ada peningkatan kualitas proses pembelajaran menulis paragraf naratif setelah diadakan tindakan kelas dengan model pembelajaran IMAS (Image Streaming). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Skor rata-rata siklus I 69,59 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 16 orang (55,17%) tuntas, berada pada kategori rendah dan meningkat pada siklus II 83,13 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 29 orang (100%) tuntas. Hal ini didukung oleh peningkatan keaktifan dan kreatifitas siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar dari siklus I meningkat pada siklus II. Ini berarti penerapan model pembelajaran IMAS (Iamge Streaming) dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis paragraf naratif siswa kelas X.5 SMA Negeri I Polut Kabupaten Takalar.Kata kunci: Menulis paragraf naratif, model pembelajaran IMAS (Image Streaming)
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "IMAGE PARAGRAPH"

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Nyberg, Selma. "Video Recommendation Based on Object Detection." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för systemteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-351122.

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In this thesis, various machine learning domains have been combined in order to build a video recommender system that is based on object detection. The work combines two extensively studied research fields, recommender systems and computer vision, that also are rapidly growing and popular techniques on commercial markets. To investigate the performance of the approach, three different content-based recommender systems have been implemented at Spotify, which are based on the following video features: object detections, titles and descriptions, and user preferences. These systems have then been evaluated and compared against each other together with their hybridized result. Two algorithms have been implemented, the prediction and the top-N algorithm, where the former is the more reliable source for evaluating the system's performance. The evaluation of the system shows that the overall performance scores for predicting values of the users' liked and disliked videos are in the range from about 40 % to 70 % for the prediction algorithm and from about 15 % to 70 % for the top-N algorithm. The approach based on object detection performs worse in comparison to the other approaches. Hence, there seems to be is a low correlation between the user preferences and the video contents in terms of object detection data. Therefore, this data is not very suitable for describing the content of videos and using it in the recommender system. However, the results of this study cannot be generalized to apply for other systems before the approach has been evaluated in other environments and for various data sets. Moreover, there are plenty of room for refinements and improvements to the system, as well as there are many interesting research areas for future work.
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TIWARI, AVANISH. "IMAGE PARAGRAPH GENERATION USING DEEP LEARNING." Thesis, 2022. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/19204.

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Recently, a neural network based approach to automatic generation of image descriptions has become popular. Originally introduced as neural image captioning, it refers to a family of models where several neural network components are connected end-to-end to infer the most likely caption given an input image. Neural image captioning models usually comprise a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based image encoder and a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) language model for generating image captions based on the output of the CNN. Generating long image captions – commonly referred to as paragraph captions – is more challenging than producing shorter, sentence-length captions. When generating paragraph captions, the model has more degrees of freedom, due to a larger total number of combinations of possible sentences that can be produced. In this thesis, we describe a combination of two approaches to improve paragraph captioning: using a hierarchical RNN model that adds a top level RNN to keep track of the sentence context, and using richer visual features obtained from dense captioning networks. In addition to the standard MS-COCO Captions dataset used for image captioning, we also utilize the Stanford-Paragraph dataset specifically designed for paragraph captioning. This thesis describes experiments performed on three variants of RNNs for generating paragraph captions. The flat model uses a non-hierarchical RNN, the hierarchical model implements a two level, hierarchical RNN, and the hierarchical-coherent model improves the hierarchical model by optimizing the coherence between sentences.
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Books on the topic "IMAGE PARAGRAPH"

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Putting Color to Your Depression: Drawing One Image and Writing One Paragraph at a Time. Independently Published, 2018.

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Life, Love. Putting Color to Your Depression: Drawing One Image and Writing One Paragraph at a Time. Independently Published, 2018.

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Das, Raj, Susan Heenan, and Uday Patel. Magnetic resonance imaging in urology. Edited by Michael Weston. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0134.

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Magnetic resonance imaging is essential for urological imaging. It offers excellent soft tissue contrast and resolution, allowing manipulation of tissue contrast with different image weighting and sequences. The multiplanar aspect of MRI allows image acquisition in different planes and degrees of obliquity to best exhibit pathology. The basic physics of MRI is explored initially with explanation of image weighting, sequences, and diffusion-weighted imaging. The chapter is then divided into renal, bladder, and prostate MRI imaging. The paragraphs on renal MRI outline renal mass analysis and include characterization and assessment of cystic and fat-containing lesions. Staging of renal carcinoma with MRI is also discussed, along with its advantages compared with CT staging. Throughout the text, the key diagnostic MRI features with each disease and organ, and the pitfalls and caveats of MRI imaging are emphasized.
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Kellner, Menachem, and David Gillis. Maimonides the Universalist. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781906764555.001.0001.

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Maimonides ends each book of his legal code, the Mishneh torah, with a moral or philosophical reflection, in which he lifts his eyes, as it were, from purely halakhic concerns and surveys broader horizons. This book analyse these concluding paragraphs, examining their verbal and thematic echoes, their adaptation of rabbinic sources, and the way in which they coordinate with the Mishneh torah's underlying structures, in order to understand how they might influence our interpretation of the code as a whole — and indeed our view of Maimonides himself and his philosophy. Taking this unusual cross-section of the work, the book concludes that the Mishneh torah presents not only a system of law, but also a system of universal values. It shows how Maimonides fashions Jewish law and ritual as a programme for attaining ethical and intellectual ends that are accessible to all human beings, who are created equally in the image of God. Many reject the presentation of Maimonides as a universalist. The Mishneh torah especially is widely seen as a particularist sanctuary. This book shows how profoundly that view must be revised.
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Book chapters on the topic "IMAGE PARAGRAPH"

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Chatterjee, Moitreya, and Alexander G. Schwing. "Diverse and Coherent Paragraph Generation from Images." In Computer Vision – ECCV 2018, 747–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01216-8_45.

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Wassholm, Johanna. "“Threatening Livelihoods”: Nordic Enemy Images of Peddlers from the Russian Empire." In Encounters and Practices of Petty Trade in Northern Europe, 1820–1960, 221–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98080-1_10.

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AbstractThis chapter explores Nordic press portrayals of four mobile groups from the multi-ethnic Russian Empire in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries: “Rucksack Russians,” Eastern Jews, Tatars and Novgorodian saw grinders. Building on articles and short paragraphs in Swedish and Finnish periodicals, the article illustrates the ways in which these mobile groups were depicted as a threat, and the economic, moral, and political motives behind such expressions. The chapter discloses an aspect of reality that mobile Russians seeking a livelihood in the Nordics faced, as well as the mechanisms through which enemy images were created. The complaints mainly represented voices beyond the traders and their customers. They primarily emanated from local merchants, who viewed the peddlers as unfair competitors, authorities who sought to maintain order and offer security, and political actors.
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Betts, G. "Ross, W. W. E. (1894–1966)." In Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism. London: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781135000356-rem2011-1.

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William Wrightson Eustace Ross was a pioneering modernist poet in Canada in the early twentieth century. He experimented with free verse, Imagism, and Japanese poetic forms, and translated primarily avant-garde works from the original French, German, Greek, and Latin into English. His most famous and anthologised poems were sparse, clean articulations of a scene or image pared down to its most essential features. Ross also experimented with more abstract Surrealist writing techniques, including dream transcription, automatic writing (which he called ‘hypnagogic’, after André Breton), and paragraph-length sketches of analogical or anti-realist scenarios. His literary sketches in the 1930s are often said to be the first prose-poems published in Canada.
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Prendergast, Christopher. "Walking on Stilts." In Mirages and Mad Beliefs. Princeton University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691155203.003.0006.

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This chapter examines Marcel Proust's use of the term “metaphor” in À la recherche du temps perdu, focusing in particular on a paragraph in which the image of heights is transferred to the aged Duc de Guermantes, figured as walking on living stilts from which one must inevitably fall. The metaphor of stilts is a clownish transformation of the metaphor of altitude, but the comedy has perhaps more than just thematic value, in the implied contrast between youth and age. The chapter also considers Proust's explicit comparison of Elstir's painting to poetic metaphor that is suggestive of an unstated similarity to—or tacit mise en abyme of—his own writing. The analogical track, the chapter asserts, is a self-confirming circle in which poetic metaphor furnishes an analogue for Elstir's painterly art, while the latter in turn stands as an analogue of Proust's literary art.
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Tarasova, Natalia A. "Textual Aspects of the Research on the Novel The Adolescent." In Dostoevsky’s Novel The Adolescent: Current State of Research, 431–567. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0677-2-431-567.

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The work is devoted to the study of Dostoevsky’s novel The Adolescent in its textual, biographical, and intermediate aspects. The first paragraph contains the results of a textual study of the novel manuscripts. The work shows the connections of The Adolescent with the unfulfilled plan The Life of a Great Sinner, as well as with Pushkin and Lermontov motives that were important for Dostoevsky’s creative method during the work on the novel. The second paragraph through the analysis of the manuscripts identifies a prototype of one of the characters of The Adolescent, Darzan. The study reveals the biographical nature of this hero and shows how some facts of Dostoevsky’s biography influenced the development of this character and the artistic idea of the novel as a whole. The third paragraph examines the writer’s use of conventional signs that graphically reflect the content of the artistic idea, themes, and motifs in the handwritten text. The fourth paragraph is devoted to intertextual connections in the handwritten and printed texts of Dostoevsky’s novel The Adolescent using the example of the analysis of the allusion to Zhukovsky’s elegy A Country Churchyard and the specifics of its functioning in the context of the novel narrative. The fifth paragraph contains an analysis of a fragment of a draft autograph where Dickens’ The Old Curiosity Shop is mentioned. This part of the work investigates which translations of The Old Curiosity Shop could be known to Dostoevsky and how the themes and some scenes of Dickens’ novel were reflected in the draft and printed text of The Adolescent, where the motif of sunset acquires a special and independent meaning. The sixth paragraph analyzes the syncretic nature of the novel narrative, combining images and motifs that belong to different types of art. The analysis allows us to determine the features of the author’s perception of religious images in European painting and architecture and their significance in The Adolescent. In the seventh paragraph, the study of intermediate relations is carried out by looking at the interaction of musical and literary motives in the novel. An example of such interaction in the manuscripts of The Adolescent is Trishatov’s “musical fantasy”, which reflects the author’s interpretation of Charles Gounod’s opera Faust and Goethe’s tragedy, the traditions of Russian sacred music and church worship.
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Pinfari, Marco. "Contemporary logomachies." In Terrorists as Monsters, 53–76. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927875.003.0003.

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This chapter continues with the line of argument presented in chapter 2 about the role of monster images in framing “terrorist” actors and about the recurrence of monster metaphors that not only convey their “otherness” but also, more forcefully, their resilience and unmanageability. The first paragraph presents the pseudo-scientific framing of anarchists in the late nineteenth century as half-human, half-feral uncontrollable brutes. The following section reviews the resort to religious and “cosmic war” imagery in framing “terrorist” groups as part of ethnonationalist conflicts, including the biblical “beasts” cited by Ian Paisley, the unmanageable yakku of Sinhalese folklore, and the resilient people of Amalek who fought the Israelites throughout most of their ancient history. The final paragraph introduces the concept of global jihad and discusses the reasons why Frankenstein’s monster and the hydra proved to be the most popular metaphors for describing both al-Qaeda and the Islamic State.
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Ganassali, Stéphane, Jean Moscarola, Anne Sophie Mestrallet, Renate Buber, Pirjo Laaksonen, Katarina Hellén, Klaus Grunert, et al. "Verbal and Pictorial Representations of Beverage Consumption Patterns." In Consumption Culture in Europe, 116–65. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2857-1.ch004.

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After a first section dedicated to the discussion of the methodological foundations of the image-based research protocols, the chapter introduces the “wall of pictures” protocol. The authors first present the preparation of instrument, the validity check, and the textual data coding process. In the final paragraphs, a large range of descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses is successively presented, and thanks to a combination of innovative technological devices, the wall of pictures outcomes has shown some promising perspectives. Triangulation opportunities are particularly promoted thanks to the combination of quantitative measurements with textual and/or pictorial variables.
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Nadeau, Robert. "The New Story in Biology: Parts and Wholes in the Web of Life." In Rebirth of the Sacred. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199942367.003.0007.

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In July of 1969 the Apollo 11 spacecraft emerged from the dark side of the moon and the on-board camera panned through the vast emptiness of outer space. Against the backdrop of interstellar night hung the great ball of earth, with the intense blue of its oceans and the delicate ochres of its landmasses shimmering beneath the vibrant and translucent layer of its atmosphere. In the shock of this visual moment, distances between us contracted; boundaries and borders ceased to exist. But the impression that sent the adrenaline flowing through my veins was that the teeming billions of organisms writhing about under the protective layer of the atmosphere were not separate—they were interdependent, fluid, and interactive aspects of the one organic dance of the planet’s life. The preceding paragraph, an entry form my diary written a few days after images of the whole earth first appeared on television, cannot be classed as scientific analysis. But it is entirely consistent with what the new story of science has revealed about the relationship between human and environmental systems in biological reality. The large problem here is that the political and economic narratives that now serve as the basis for coordinating global human activities are premised on scientifically outmoded assumptions about this relationship in the old story of classical physics. And this problem is further complicated by the fact that the view of this relationship that is still widely viewed as scientific in Darwin’s theory of evolution is also premised on these scientifically outmoded assumptions. Darwin went public with his theory for the first time in a paper presented to the Linnean Society in 1848. This paper begins with the following sentence: “All nature is at war, one organism with another, or with external nature.” In The Origins of Species , Darwin is more specific about the character of this war: “There must be in every case a struggle for existence, either one individual with another of the same species, or with the individuals of distinct species, or with the physical conditions of life.”
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Orr, David W. "Verbicide." In The Nature of Design. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195148558.003.0010.

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He entered my office for advice as a freshman advisee sporting nearly perfect SAT scores and an impeccable academic record—by all accounts a young man of considerable promise. During a 20-minute conversation about his academic future, however, he displayed a vocabulary that consisted mostly of two words: “cool” and “really.” Almost 800 SAT points hitched to each word. To be fair, he could use them interchangeably as “really cool” or “cool . . . really!” He could also use them singly, presumably for emphasis. When he became one of my students in a subsequent class I confirmed that my first impression of the young scholar was largely accurate and that his vocabulary, and presumably his mind, consisted predominantly of words and images derived from overexposure to television and the new jargon of computer- speak. He is no aberration, but an example of a larger problem, not of illiteracy but of diminished literacy in a culture that often sees little reason to use words carefully, however abundantly. Increasingly, student papers, from otherwise very good students, have whole paragraphs that sound like advertising copy. Whether students are talking or writing, a growing number have a tenuous grasp on a declining vocabulary. Excise “uh . . . like . . . uh” from virtually any teenage conversation, and the effect is like sticking a pin into a balloon. In the past 50 years, by one reckoning, the working vocabulary of the average 14-year-old has declined from some 25,000 words to 10,000 words (“Harper’s Index” 2000). This reflects not merely a decline in numbers of words but in the capacity to think. It also reflects a steep decline in the number of things that an adolescent needs to know and to name in order to get by in an increasingly homogenized and urbanized consumer society. This is a national tragedy virtually unnoticed in the media. It is no mere coincidence that in roughly the same half century the average person has learned to recognize more than 1,000 corporate logos but can recognize fewer than 10 plants and animals native to their locality (Hawken 1993, 214).
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Šulca, Daina. "Teksta fragments ierīces ekrānā." In Bibliotēka un personība. Fragmentu bibliotēkas, 164–69. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/ilt.23.16.

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In Latvia, 84% of the population of Latvia use the Internet – all you need is a connection, a phone, a tablet or a computer. New information is available 24 hours a day, anywhere in the world. Searching and obtaining information in the Internet environment is becoming decisive, it has “moved” from printed information sources to electronic ones. Text appears on the device’s screen only as fragments of something larger and more comprehensive. How important is a text fragment, so that a user of a lot of information continues to get acquainted with everything that follows, which is also readable only in fragments? On the screen, the eyes scan the text – first images, if there are any, then headings, subheadings, conclusion. The text on the Internet is not read in one go – unlike in a book. It rather resembles skimming for keywords, title, terms. From fragment to fragment. The peculiarity of Internet reading has also determined changes in the writing style and language of texts in the electronic environment – sentences have become shorter, more attention is paid to the inclusion of graphic elements in the text – diagrams, tables, numbers, pictures. One of the most interesting features of the Internet language is that when searching for information, the results can be found in several languages, and it is possible to understand what it is about in any of them. The language of the Internet is a language in which the whole world participates. This new language of fragments is characterized by a precise message and simplicity. After reading the first lines, everything seems to be clear, what is the story about? The language of the Internet is, by its nature, a digital form of the literary language – the language of fragments. It is a new commu­nicative environment that offers different possibilities of communication and perception. A fragment of text on the screen acts as a permanent whole, and when creating texts that will be read on devices, the language has become different. Bad is everything that cannot be understood, can be understood only with difficulty, or can be understood incorrectly. What are the laws of Internet language, how does it differ from literary language? How to build a language passage and why should reading time be taken into account? What is the one-comma-one-paragraph rule? What are the essential elements that make up a piece of language? Why is the jagged edge so important and what is an anchor in web text? These questions have arisen in the development of the language of the Internet, and we cannot ignore them. The Internet has already changed the world and altered us, but the big transformations are yet to come.
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Conference papers on the topic "IMAGE PARAGRAPH"

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Wang, Jing, Yingwei Pan, Ting Yao, Jinhui Tang, and Tao Mei. "Convolutional Auto-encoding of Sentence Topics for Image Paragraph Generation." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/132.

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Image paragraph generation is the task of producing a coherent story (usually a paragraph) that describes the visual content of an image. The problem nevertheless is not trivial especially when there are multiple descriptive and diverse gists to be considered for paragraph generation, which often happens in real images. A valid question is how to encapsulate such gists/topics that are worthy of mention from an image, and then describe the image from one topic to another but holistically with a coherent structure. In this paper, we present a new design --- Convolutional Auto-Encoding (CAE) that purely employs convolutional and deconvolutional auto-encoding framework for topic modeling on the region-level features of an image. Furthermore, we propose an architecture, namely CAE plus Long Short-Term Memory (dubbed as CAE-LSTM), that novelly integrates the learnt topics in support of paragraph generation. Technically, CAE-LSTM capitalizes on a two-level LSTM-based paragraph generation framework with attention mechanism. The paragraph-level LSTM captures the inter-sentence dependency in a paragraph, while sentence-level LSTM is to generate one sentence which is conditioned on each learnt topic. Extensive experiments are conducted on Stanford image paragraph dataset, and superior results are reported when comparing to state-of-the-art approaches. More remarkably, CAE-LSTM increases CIDEr performance from 20.93% to 25.15%.
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Liu, Yun, Yihui Shi, Fangxiang Feng, Ruifan Li, Zhanyu Ma, and Xiaojie Wang. "Improving Image Paragraph Captioning with Dual Relations." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icme52920.2022.9859701.

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Shyam, Devadeep, Yan Wang, and Alex C. Kot. "Histogram-Based Fast Text Paragraph Image Detection." In 2015 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2015.76.

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Melas-Kyriazi, Luke, Alexander Rush, and George Han. "Training for Diversity in Image Paragraph Captioning." In Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/d18-1084.

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He, Xiangheng, and Xinde Li. "Modeling coherence and diversity for image paragraph captioning." In 2020 5th International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Mechatronics (ICARM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icarm49381.2020.9195335.

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Wu, Siying, Zheng-Jun Zha, Zilei Wang, Houqiang Li, and Feng Wu. "Densely Supervised Hierarchical Policy-Value Network for Image Paragraph Generation." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/137.

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Image paragraph generation aims to describe an image with a paragraph in natural language. Compared to image captioning with a single sentence, paragraph generation provides more expressive and fine-grained description for storytelling. Existing approaches mainly optimize paragraph generator towards minimizing word-wise cross entropy loss, which neglects linguistic hierarchy of paragraph and results in ``sparse" supervision for generator learning. In this paper, we propose a novel Densely Supervised Hierarchical Policy-Value (DHPV) network for effective paragraph generation. We design new hierarchical supervisions consisting of hierarchical rewards and values at both sentence and word levels. The joint exploration of hierarchical rewards and values provides dense supervision cues for learning effective paragraph generator. We propose a new hierarchical policy-value architecture which exploits compositionality at token-to-token and sentence-to-sentence levels simultaneously and can preserve the semantic and syntactic constituent integrity. Extensive experiments on the Stanford image-paragraph benchmark have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed DHPV approach with performance improvements over multiple state-of-the-art methods.
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Yang, Xu, Chongyang Gao, Hanwang Zhang, and Jianfei Cai. "Hierarchical Scene Graph Encoder-Decoder for Image Paragraph Captioning." In MM '20: The 28th ACM International Conference on Multimedia. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3394171.3413859.

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Shi, Yihui, Yun Liu, Fangxiang Feng, Ruifan Li, Zhanyu Ma, and Xiaojie Wang. "S2TD: A Tree-Structured Decoder for Image Paragraph Captioning." In MMAsia '21: ACM Multimedia Asia. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3469877.3490585.

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Yiran, Zhang. "Visual effects based on blank fractions in the case of multi-paragraph text overlay images." In Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2023) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002829.

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Multi-segment text overlay images are commonly used in web design, poster layout and other design-related activities. In this paper, we use a character-based blank score calculation model and a text box-based blank score calculation model to investigate which model is more effective in reflecting visual aesthetics in the case of multi-part text overlay images. The text-frame-based blank-score model was found to be more effective in reflecting the visual perception of the subjects by using the fitting tool in MATLAB to fit the subjective scores and the calculated blank scores. The text box in the text box-based blank score model was then optimized by eliminating the part of the last line of each paragraph that was not filled with text, so that the text box was not a regular rectangle, but still a relatively regular linear text box. In the case of multi-paragraph text overlay image, when the line spacing and paragraph spacing are the same, subjects cannot distinguish the beginning and end of several paragraphs of text by line spacing. In this paper, an optimized text box-based margin score calculation model is used to design an experiment to investigate the effect of the margin score of the text box of the last line of the preceding paragraph on the visual effect of subjects' visual division of paragraphs in the case of multiple-paragraph text-covered images. The results show that when the blank area of the last line of the previous paragraph is about half of the area of the previous line, the visual aesthetic satisfaction is the highest, i.e., people can quickly and accurately divide the paragraph without reading the text content, while when the last line of the previous paragraph is filled with text, the visual aesthetic satisfaction is the lowest, and people cannot intuitively divide the paragraph without reading the text content.
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Gunhee Kim, Seungwhan Moon, and Leonid Sigal. "Ranking and retrieval of image sequences from multiple paragraph queries." In 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2015.7298810.

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