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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Illness'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2024

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1

Brzezinska, Magdalena. "Understanding ‘Illness’." Thesis, Uppsala University, Cultural Anthropology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4466.

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This study describes and analyses understanding ‘illness’ among clients and

leaders of the spiritual tradition Candomblé in Rio de Janeiro. The study

focuses on the individuals’ narratives of illness and of healing rituals within

the cult. Particular attention is given to the consultation ritual called jogo de

búzios, which is one of the main practices of finding the reason for the illness

as well as its cure. The emphasis in this study is on the necessity to look at

medical pluralism, the socio-individual context of illness and narrativity as an

intersubjective practice. The conclusion is reached that illness within

Candomblé ideology can be understood as disequilibrium in a person’s

lifeworld.

The individual is approached from within the plurimedical context of

both biomedical and Candomblé healing tradition in Rio. Here it is argued that

the person creates meaning of the illness in relation to different aspects of his

lifeworld. The individual’s lifeworld includes the urban context of Rio de

Janeiro; therefore a brief discussion is developed about how this context

influences the individual meaning production of the illness. The Candomblé

house is described with its social structure and other elements that are

important for understanding how the cult might work for the clients as an

alternative and/or complementary medical treatment.

The study progressively introduces and analyses the lifestories of the

individuals that approach the Candomblé cult in order to seek treatment. It

also is concerned with stories of the Candomblé leaders and their view on the

phenomenology of the Body, the Self and the social milieu of the person.

Finally, the study emphasises the importance of studies that focus on the

individual’s interpretation of the relations between the Self and the Body, and

the individual’s understanding of medical knowledge and practice.

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2

Morkel, Marissa. "Madness as mental illness or mental illness as madness mental illness as constructed by young professionals /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08052008-131715.

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3

Suchak, Meghana. "Role conflict, uncertainty in illness, and illness-related communication avoidance| College students facing familial chronic illness." Thesis, Purdue University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3702105.

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The focus of the current study was on examining possible differences in college students' adjustment based on residency status (i.e., international Asian vs. domestic students) and illness status (i.e., having a family member with a chronic illness vs. not having a family member with a chronic illness). The study also examined the associations between overall college student adjustment and the family and illness-related factors of role conflict, uncertainty in illness, and illness-related communication avoidance for students will a chronically ill family member. The literature review drew from the fields of college student development, family studies, communication, and nursing. Data were collected from 232 students (85 international Asian and 147 domestic) from two Midwestern public universities. A MANCOVA and a hierarchical regression were performed to address four research questions and test three associated hypotheses. Results indicated that international Asian students scored lower than their domestic peers on the college student adjustment domains of social adjustment and institutional attachment. Students who had a family member with a chronic illness scored lower on the college student adjustment domain of personal-emotional adjustment than students who did not have a family member with a chronic illness. Finally, there was a negative association between role conflict and overall college adjustment regardless of residency or illness status. Recommendations are discussed for counseling psychologists working in a variety of settings across college campuses.

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4

Mayhew, Sophie Louise. "Service engagement and illness appraisals in individuals with psychotic illness or chronic relapsing physical illness : a review." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397123.

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5

Eldred, Kerry T. "Coping with Chronic Illness: Do Strategies Differ by Illness Type?" UNF Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/125.

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While coping varies with individuals and is a product of complex, interrelated factors, the primary interest of this study was determining how coping behaviors manifest according to these chronic illness types: those of known pathology (e.g., asthma, osteoarthritis, lupus) and those that lack a clear, structural pathology (i.e., functional somatic syndromes and medically unexplained symptoms). Data for this study were gathered from a series of four comprehensive online surveys, which included measures of coping (Brief COPE), pain and health outcomes (SF-36), negative affect (I-PANAS-SF) and depression (PHQ- 8). The analyzed sample was comprised of 148 participants (119 Female, 28 Male and 1 Not Answered) with a mean age of 43.34 (SD = 13.69), all of whom experienced at least three months of chronic physical symptoms. Based on diagnosis, the participants were grouped into that of conventional disease (CD), functional somatic syndromes (FSS) or medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). Even while controlling for significant covariates (e.g., depression, negative affect, pain perception), multivariate analyses revealed no significant differences in coping strategies by illness group, Wilks’s Lambda = .96, F(4, 222) = 1.05, p = .38. The results suggest that the use of coping strategies does not differ by illness type, but can be predicted by other, health-related factors, notably stress, β = -.21, t(120) = -2.09, p = .04; symptoms, β = .32, t(120) = 2.82, p = .01; personal control, β = .19, t(120) = 2.16, p = .03, and negative affect, β = .34, t(121) = 2.81, p = .01. It appears that patient experience with chronic illness can be more informative regarding appropriate treatments and therapeutic interventions than just illness type itself.

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6

Yates, Bernice Helen. "Illness demands and social support during recovery from a cardiac illness event /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7268.

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7

Warsop, Andrew D. "Illness and Existence- A phenomenological Way towards an ethical understanding of illness." Thesis, University of Essex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517420.

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8

Gwyn, Richard. "The voicing of illness : narrative and metaphor in accounts of illness experience." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321364.

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9

Mahdu, Omchand. "Penalties for Foodborne Illness: Jury Decisions and Awards in Foodborne Illness Lawsuits." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54935.

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This study examined how case attributes impact plaintiff success and payouts in jury settled foodborne illness (FBI) lawsuits. Given the risk to firms in terms of potentially large payouts, future litigation, and lost reputation, the results may provide economic incentives for food firms and others in the supply chain to produce safer and better quality foods. Legal databases were systematically searched to identify cases of FBI, which were resolved through the U.S. court system. Reviewing the outcomes of 511 FBI jury trials between 1979 and 2014, plaintiffs won 34.8% of cases, and received a median award of $32,264. The Heckman two-step estimation procedure was used to examine the effects of various factors on plaintiff success rates and subsequent amounts awarded. Plaintiff chances of victory increased if lawsuits involved a child, foodborne pathogen was identified and pain and suffering was claimed, and decreased if defendants used of one or more expert witnesses or had 'deep pockets'. Cases involving a child, chronic complications, or defendants with 'deep pockets' resulted in higher awards. Corporate and policy implications of these findings are considered.
Master of Science

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10

Bridge, Laurie. "Contributing Factors of Substance Abuse: Mental Illness, Mental Illness Treatment andHealth Insurance." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1516979553258238.

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11

Müller, Tara Catharina. "Non-malaria febrile illness." Diss., lmu, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-153855.

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12

Waenerlund, Anna-Karin. "Temporary employment and illness." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-80095.

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Background: It is debated whether temporary employment compared to permanent employment entails an elevated risk of illness or not, as the empirical studies have not shown a unified picture. Since a significant part of the Swedish workforce is currently working under temporary employment contracts, it is important for public health research to pay close attention to what the implications in terms of illness might be. Therefore the aim of this thesis was to explore the relationship between temporary employment and illness. Methods: This thesis was based on data from the Northern Swedish Cohort, consisting of all pupils in grade 9 in Luleå in 1981 (n=1083). The cohort was followed with extensive questionnaires. The latest follow-up was performed in year 2007, when 94% participated. To analyse the quantitative questionnaire data, logistic regression and trajectory analysis were used. A qualitative method, Grounded Theory, was also applied in this thesis to analyse interviews performed in 2011, with a strategic selection of 12 participants from the cohort. Results: Quantitative data showed that temporary employees had overall higher odds ratios for illness in terms of psychological distress and non-optimal self-rated health compared to permanent employees. This general difference in odds ratios was evident irrespective of how temporary employment was measured as well as after control for earlier health status and confounders. The qualitative analysis gained insight into temporary employment as social processes of: underling the driving force for employment; working hard for a job. The structural conditions emerged in terms of, being used and exploited on the labour market and these conditions were related to the individual strategies of adaptation and coping. In the intersection of agency, structural conditions and adaption, emotional and bodily reactions emerged, such as being worn out, worried and wrathful. Conclusion: Illness is unevenly distributed between temporary and permanent employees, with temporary employees being the unfavourable group. Striving for good and evenly distributed health conditions in the population, policy makers should aim at reducing the number of employees working in temporary contracts. In addition, there is a need to improve surveillance of the health situation among temporary employees and to reduce unfavourable conditions, such as job and financial insecurity and unemployment, among temporary employees.

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Rodney-Haapala, Karin J. "Constructing Narrative Through Illness." Thesis, Corcoran College of Art + Design, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1557693.

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Transformative learning theory, an andragogical (adult) theory, is developed from the psychoanalytical theories of Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung and later formalized by sociologist, Jack Mezirow. Incorporating transformative learning into a multidisciplinary perspective, specifically through art making and critical reflection, can read therapeutic results of confronting trauma and illness. Using qualitative arts based research methodologies such as autoethnography and autophotography to address the question, how might the use of Combat-Related PTSD as the foundation of a photographic and written inquiry trigger a transformative learning experience in both the artist-researcher and the viewer can be explored through the use of visual imagery and written narrative. These components are integral in constructing a cohesive narrative that may assists those who may suffer from illness and/ or trauma. As a noted method in art therapy, patients who are diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) utilize nonverbal communication, i.e. visual imagery, as an avenue to reconsolidate their memories and experiences. Using visual imagery, allows the internal narrative of the body to be reflected externally. The significance of the research is to explore art as a healing and therapeutic modality, individually and collectively, for those who suffer from Combat related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.

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Sodergren, Samantha Claire. "Positive consequences of illness." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2700.

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This thesis identifies systematically the domains of positive consequences of illness and details the development of a measure of the positive consequences of illness- the Silver Lining Questionnaire (SLQ). Further aims of the thesis include the use of the SLQ as a predictor of health outcome and an investigation of the prevalence and correlates of positivity in illness. The first study questioned 55 people about their positive experiences of illness and uncovered 17 themes. In the second study a pilot questionnaire based on these themes was administered to the participants of the first study and an additional sample of cancer and chronic respiratory patients. Refinements to the questionnaire resulted in a 38-item measure of positivity. In study 3, the SLQ's properties of reliability and responsiveness to change were confirmed in a sample of chronic respiratory and cardiac patients in a rehabilitation setting. This study also found that positivity increased following rehabilitation. In study 4, the SLQ was used to predict the health outcome of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Finally, study 5, investigated the prevalence of positivity amongst respiratory patients varying in illness severity and found no significant difference between patient groups in the expression of positivity. This study identified extraversion and a sense of spirituality and religiosity as correlates of positivity. This thesis thus addresses a previously neglected field of research and presents a more comprehensive measure of positivity than existing measures. This thesis also addresses previously unanswered questions regarding the prevalence and correlates of positivity and also the potential for increasing positivity. Finally, the implications of positivity in illness for health management are highlighted.

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15

Bati, Maria. "Children's understanding of illness." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/598/.

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16

Bellingham-Young, Denise Anne. "Birthweight and minor illness." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418884.

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17

Fihosy, Sonia M. "Exploring culture and illness." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2015. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/13856/.

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A grounded theory exploration of cultural and spiritual influences on adjustment in adolescents with liver disease. The evidence-base for adjustment in adolescents with liver disease is minimal, but treatment non-adherence in adolescent liver transplant recipients is known to range between 17-53%, increasing medical complication risks. Evidence has also shown that spirituality impacts on illness perceptions and behaviours of adolescents with other diseases. In this study, ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16-24 years olds, recruited from a regional liver clinic in the UK. Half were liver transplant recipients. The study found that navigating cultural expectations was challenging, particularly around education, employment and socialising (e.g. participation with peers and avoiding alcohol). Several participants reported an illness-related spiritual or socio-cultural crisis, sometimes resulting in non-adherence. This seemed to be followed by a turning point, eventually leading to a state of acceptance, personal development and possibly, spiritual growth. Trusted individuals were often instrumental in helping participants to overcome difficulties. However, for some, adjustment was transitory. As such, this appeared to be a cyclical process, entangled with universal adolescent developmental tasks. The study concluded that more exploration is required on treatment adherence and overall functioning in adolescents with liver disease, taking into account socio-cultural and spiritual influences.

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18

Holt, Jim. "Diabetes: A Chronic Illness." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6501.

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19

Senneby, Katrine. "Gender and mental illness." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25415.

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AbstractThe following work is driven foremost by the confounding fact that so few men are seekinghelp concerning mental illness, even though men, by far, are the dominating gender instatistics regarding suicide. Upon reflection a line of questions arose mainly regardingwhether gender based differences could play a role in the way men and women expressmental illness and especially whether, and to what extent, gender affects treatment thereof.Since interviewing people with mental illness would demand quite a lot of ethicalconsideration, and with regards to the extent of work a study of this sort would require, otheroptions had to be considered. Therefore, in order to investigate the subject further fourseparate interviews were conducted with therapists whose methods are based on a variety ofpsychological theories and methods. The interviews were based on semi-structuredinterview-guides containing questions about gender differentials in patients, gender basedapproaches to, as well as gender based expressions of, mental illness. The empirical materialwas later divided into relevant themes to create a basis for analysis. The analysis was formedby theories and research concerning gender constructivism, hegemonic masculinity andgender in therapy. The findings showed that gender and gender roles do play a part in how thetherapist conceive the patient and her problems. The informants expressed experiences oftraditional gender roles affecting the patient's ability to engage in therapy in an ideal way - theideal being comparable to characteristics associated with traditional femininity. Among theinformant was a consensus that the male gender role is undergoing reform, and thus becomingmore inclusive to gender identities unconform with traditional masculinity. Furthermore twomain experiences of gender differences was identified, both comparable to normative genderdiscourse regarding male and female characteristics. Finally a third theme lead to discussionconcerning therapist-patient dynamics in light of respectively gender-based or feministnarrative therapy.

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West, Nicholas Peter. "Exercise, Immunity and Illness." Thesis, Griffith University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367462.

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Identifying immune biomarkers in healthy humans that indicate an increased susceptibility to upper respiratory tract illness (URTI) is necessary to develop improved diagnostic and treatment strategies. URTI is associated with substantial socio-economic and personal cost. Small to moderate reductions in the severity and duration of illness could lead to substantial reductions in these costs. This thesis investigated the relationship between the immune system and URTI in healthy individuals utilising exercise as a model of stress. Chapter 2 (Section 2.2) reviews the effects of exercise on the immune system and URTI, with a particular focus on the way in which exercise can be used to better understand the role of the salivary antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) lactoferrin and lysozyme in host defence. Determining mucosal immune status, that is the condition of the immune system at body surfaces interfacing with the external environment, is necessary to understand the role of the immune system in host defence. Exercise-related disturbances in the immune system may increase susceptibility to URTI, particularly when prolonged intense exercise is undertaken frequently. Th e link between exercise-induced disturbances in immunity and URTI risk suggests that exercise may be a useful model by which to study the relationship between immunity and illness in healthy individuals.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science
Griffith Health
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21

Schöndube, Andrea. "Illness, Media, and Culture." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16327.

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Vergleichsweise wenige Texte in den Printmedien beschäftigen sich mit Allergie als Gegenstand öffentlichen Interesses. Deshalb untersucht die Dissertation die Darstellung von Allergien in Lifestyle-Magazinen im englisch- und amerikanischsprachigen Raum. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Verbreitung von medizinischem Wissen durch die Medien. Sie zeigt, ob und wie die Medien zu Aufklärung und Information über Krankheiten, deren Relevanz, Diagnostik und Therapie, beitragen. Sie geht dabei besonders auf den Bedeutungsbereich von Wörtern ein, die als Metaphern benutzt werden. Das Fundament der Überlegungen bildet der Essay „Illness as Metaphor“ von Susan Sontag, in dem sie die Darstellung von Krankheiten und die Benutzung von Stereotypen abhandelt und Fragen, die im Zusammenhang mit Krankheit als sozialer und kultureller Angelegenheit stehen, aufwirft. Um den populärwissenschaftlichen Diskurs der analysierten Artikel in dieser Arbeit zu verstehen, wurde die von Jürgen Link entwickelte Diskursanalyse herangezogen, die sich eng an die Diskurstheorie Foucaults anlehnt. Die semiotischen Deutungsansätze werden mit Hilfe der Untersuchungen von Roland Barthes erklärt. Ziel der Arbeit ist es zu zeigen, wie die verschiedenen Diskurse ineinander greifen, welcher Mechanismus sich dahinter verbirgt und wo Ansatzpunkte für eine sachgerechte publizistische Behandlung des Themas liegen. Der Nutzen von Metaphern in der Beschreibung von Krankheiten liegt darin, dass sie kollektive Gefühlslagen ansprechen und den Denkraum des Möglichen erweitern. Dieser Aspekt ist besonders wichtig, da das Wort Allergie zu einer praktischen und populären Metapher für eine Reihe persönlicher, beruflicher oder politischer Antipathien geworden ist. Obwohl allergische Erkrankungen in der modernen Welt immer häufiger auftreten, räumen ihnen die Medien noch nicht den Platz ein, den sie -- auch ausgehend von der volkswirtschaftlichen Bedeutung der Erkrankungen -- dringend haben müssten.
Only a few print media focus on allergies as a matter of public interest. For this reason the dissertation analyzes the presentation of allergies in English and American lifestyle magazines. This thesis examines the propagation of medical knowledge via the media. It shows if and how the media contribute to health education and information about illness, its relevance, diagnostic investigation as well as therapy. The main focus is on those words which are used as metaphors. They represent an important subject of Susan Sontag''s essay „Illness as Metaphor“ which demonstrates the presentation of illness, the use of stereotypes and thus raises issues about illness being a social and cultural matter of interest. To understand the popular scientific discourse of this dissertation Jürgen Links'' discourse analysis is being used which follows closely Foucault''s theory. The semiotic interpretation is supported by the theories developped by Roland Barthes. This dissertation aims to show how the different discourses intertwine, to bring to fore the underlying mechanisms as well as an appropiate journalistic approach. The benefit of using metaphors when describing illness is that the collective state of mind is addressed and thus the range of thinking will be broadened. This aspect is especially important because the word allergy became a convenient and popular metaphor for a number of personal, professional or political aversions. Although allergies are dramatically on the raise in the modern world, their significance is not recognized yet by the media in their complexity as it should be the case, especially against the backdrop of the economic relevance of that illness

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Bryant, Tess. "Self-identity and Chronic Illness: Is self-illness enmeshment unique to chronic pain?" Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484846.

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Objective: The study aimed to investigate whether self-illness enmeshment is unique to chronic pain using explicit measures of self and whether the implicit sense of self is less positive for those who experience chronic conditions than for healthy controls. Method: Three groups of participants; a group with chronic pain (n';; 15), a group with type 2 diabetes (n = 15) and a healthy control group (n = 15) completed standardized self-report measures of affect and quality of life, then generated characteristics describing their current actual self, hoped-for self and feared-for self, and made judgments about the degree to which their future possible selves (hoped-for and feared-for) were dependent on a change in their current health status. They then completed a self-esteem version ofthe Implicit Association Test. Results: The chronic pain group were inore enmeshed with their current health status and had a less positive implicit sense ofselfthan participants with no chronic health problems. Participants with diabetes did not significantly differ from the other two groups on these measures with the exception of higher levels of illness-enmeshment with a feared-for self. Conclusion: This result is discussed in relation to self-discrepancy and self-regulatory theories and other research on illness-enmeshment and implicit self-esteem biases in clinical populations. KEYWORDS: chronic illness, selfidentity, self-esteem, enmeshment, implicit.

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Ikeme, Chinenye. "The Stigma of a Mental Illness Label: Attitudes Towards Individuals with Mental Illness." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1335613307.

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24

Baines, Tineke. "An exploration of illness perceptions in mental health utilising the illness perceptions questionnaire." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-exploration-of-illness-perceptions-in-mental-health-utilising-the-illness-perceptions-questionnaire(ac657de4-f3d0-444f-8a62-3ee062115a3f).html.

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This research project explored how mothers experiencing depression after childbirth perceived their mental illness. Illness perceptions were assessed across the dimensions outlined within the Self-Regulatory Model (SRM, Leventhal, Nerenz & Steele, 1984) via the use of the Revised Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (IPQ-R, Moss-Morris, Weinman, Petrie, Horne, Cameron & Buick, 2002). The psychometric properties of the IPQ-R within this clinical sample and relationships between illness perceptions, depression severity and maternal bonding were assessed. A literature review of the use of the IPQ and IPQ-R within mental health identified that these measures with modifications (in particular to the causal and identity subscales) were largely reliable and valid measures of assessing illness perceptions in mental health. The illness dimensions outlined within the SRM were largely endorsed within the clinical populations sampled, offering support of the applicability of the SRM within mental health. Mental illnesses were consistently viewed as chronic with serious negative consequences. Perceptions regarding mental illness consequences, chronicity and controllability were associated with coping strategies and help-seeking. Treatment adherence and attitudes towards taking medication were associated with illness controllability beliefs. The IPQ-R modified for depression after childbirth was shown to be a reliable measure for assessing illness perceptions within this clinical sample and was shown to be reliable over a four-week time period.Mothers experiencing depression after childbirth perceived their depression as having a moderate number of symptoms, a high number of negative consequences and responded to their depression with a number of emotions. Mothers perceived having a coherent understanding of their difficulties, believing that depression was amenable to treatment and personal control and that depression was cyclical in nature. Commonly reported symptoms experienced attributed to depression included depressed mood, difficulties concentrating, loss of interest/pleasure in activities, fatigue/loss of energy and sleep difficulties. Frequently endorsed causes of depression included stress or worry, hormonal changes, own emotional state, family problems, mental attitude and own behaviour. Interestingly, no significant difference was found between illness perceptions of mothers who previously experienced psychological problems and mothers who had not.Mothers who perceived having many symptoms and a high emotional response to depression were more likely to report higher depression severity. Whereas mothers who believed they had control over their depression were more likely to report lower depression severity. Illness identity and consequence beliefs were associated with maternal bonding difficulties. The project's findings were presented with reference to previous literature with implications for theory and clinical practice explored. Difficulties and limitations of the research and its related theory were discussed in addition to reflections upon the research project. Possible improvements to the research procedure and areas for future research were also identified.

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Brady, Ann Marie Brigid. "Chronic illness in childhood and adolescence : a longitudinal exploration of co-occurring mental illness." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/31703.

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Chronic health problems are hypothesised to be a risk factor to child and adolescent mental health, due the consistent and continuing stress these health problems pose to normative patterns of development. However, this theory remains to be substantiated by empirical research. Moreover, a systematic review conducted as part of this research indicated that the empirical body is not one on which the validity of this theory can be adequately tested. The major question posed is whether the lack of high quality epidemiological data in the field is obscuring a true psychiatric risk associated with chronic illness in childhood and adolescence, or whether, in contrast, the theory of chronic health problems as a particular risk factor to child and adolescent mental health, is based on false premises. In order to provide a stronger insight into the association of chronic health problems to mental ill-health across the late childhood and adolescent period, this study used data from a large, representative British sample (the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)) and sensitive measures of mental health outcomes. Mediating factors in these associations were also identified, and a model of the association of chronic health problems to poor mental health outcomes in early adolescence was developed. In order to ensure that all findings were applicable across chronic health conditions, outcomes over this period for children with chronic illness more generally were compared to outcomes for children with asthma diagnoses. Children with chronic health problems presented with a disproportionate rate of psychiatric illness at 10 years, and these chronic health problems continued to be associated with poor mental health outcomes across the early to mid-adolescent period. The outcomes at 10 and 13 years were suggested to be mediated by factors non-specific to any diagnosis, specifically peer victimisation and health-related school absenteeism. Limitations to external validity in the research, and implications for public health and future research are discussed.

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Brassington, Linsay. "Better living with illness : transdiagnostic approaches to psychological interventions for people with chronic illness." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20955.

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Objective: Chronic physical health problems are on the rise. Psychological interventions can play a role in helping people cope with the challenges that long term physical conditions brings. This thesis systematically reviewed the literature for group psychological interventions. Following this, an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy group intervention for people living with a range of long term physical conditions was designed and evaluated. Methods: Key databases were searched for relevant randomized-controlled studies. Papers that met inclusion criteria were quality assessed, and a meta-analysis was conducted. Participants with chronic physical health conditions were invited to an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy group (n=53). Measures were completed at assessment, pre, post and 3-month follow-up. These assessed anxiety and depression symptoms, health perceptions, values-based living and psychological flexibility. Assessment to pre-intervention served as a within-participant control. Results: 22 relevant studies were retrieved, with 18 rated as acceptable or high quality and 14 included in a meta-analysis. The majority of studies reported interventions as efficacious at reducing mental health problems, though effect sizes were weaker when compared to active controls such as education. In the Acceptance and Commitment therapy group, depression and anxiety symptoms reduced significantly from pre to post, compared to control period. Conclusions: Group psychological interventions may be beneficial for people with physical health problems. In particular, group-based ACT interventions may be effective with this population and can be delivered transdiagnostically for a range of physical conditions.

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27

Badenhorst, Kerry. "Australian children's understanding of illness." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19227.pdf.

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Gomes, Cláudia, Maria J. Pons, Valle Mendoza Juana Mercedes Del, and Joaquim Ruiz. "Carrion’s disease: an eradicable illness?" BioMed Central Ltd, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622397.

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Carrion’s disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by Bartonella bacilliformis, a vector-borne pathogen restricted to the Andean valleys of Peru, Ecuador and Colombia. Carrion’s disease is a biphasic illness; in the acute phase the case-fatality rate can be as high as 88 %, related to high parasitemia, arriving to almost all erythrocytes, and secondary bacterial infections close related with the development of transient immunosuppression in the earlier illness phases. In addition, there are an undefined number of asymptomatic carriers that are reservoirs of the etiological agent of Carrion’s disease in endemic areas, they make take into account due to they are the perpetuators of this disease. The actual scenario of Carrion’s disease, in which the illness is arriving to new areas, due to the expansion of the vector’s distribution, suggests that now may be a crucial time to design a strategy focusing on its elimination.

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29

Mamak, Mini. "Violence and major mental illness." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ27767.pdf.

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30

Mill, Judith Ellen. "HIV illness in Ghanaian women." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0012/NQ59637.pdf.

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31

Tengström, Anders. "Mental illness & criminal behavior /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4130-0/.

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32

Hitchings, Sarah Elizabeth. "Children's understanding of psychosomatic illness /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SSPS/09sspsh675.pdf.

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33

Karasouli, Eleni. "Suicidal behaviours and physical illness." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522952.

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Corrigan, F. M. "Trace elements and psychiatric illness." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.592272.

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Developments in analytical techniques have allowed study of the concentrations of more than thirty elements in biological tissues. These methods have been applied to blood and brain tissues from patients with a wide range of psychiatric illness. Increases in blood vanadium concentrations in affective illness are discussed in relation to possible disturbance of noradrenaline metabolism. It is suggested that high vanadium levels may reflect high circulatory levels of noradrenaline but direct evidence of such a link has not yet been obtained. Discussions of elements in dementia centres mainly on aluminium and zinc: the possibility of low zinc concentrations being relevant becomes more likely as evidence accumulates for the role of zinc in hippocampal function. Glutamatergic transmission is likely to be crucial in this context and evidence is presented for an association between glutamate and the rare earth elements cerium and lanthanum in caudate nucleus of schizophrenics. Whether these will prove to have a fucntional role in hippocampus remains to be seen, but possible implications for modulation of striatal dopaminergic function, via glutamatergic corticostriatal tracts, are discussed. Reduction of caesium may be important through altered GABAergic transmission and reduction of indium may reflect changes in dopaminergic neuronal activity. It is considered that this work on human tissue is giving indications of which elements need to be studied in laboratory experiments to elucidate their role in neuronal transmission and, therefore, in psychiatric illness.

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Elhdere, Souada Ahmed. "Illness cognitions in myocardial infarction." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.548363.

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36

Yau, Wing-kit Vicky, and 邱穎潔. "Representing illness: patients, monsters, andmicrobes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3786726X.

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37

Lyster, Caroline. "Terminal illness and rational suicide." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123323.

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The debate surrounding the legalization of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia has seen the introduction of a number of new terms in recent years, the most well known among these being "death with dignity." Proponents of legalization would claim that these terms help to illustrate the difference between the actions of terminally or incurably ill individuals and the actions of individuals who typically commit suicide: the former are acting rationally, while the latter are not, suggesting that "death with dignity" is a case of "rational suicide."Margaret Pabst Battin has suggested that five criteria need to be met in order for a suicide to be considered rational. If it is indeed the case that individuals with terminal or incurable illness are acting differently than others who seek suicide, then it seems that these criteria ought to be met in cases of illness but not in other situations. Upon analysis, however, this does not seem to be the case: individuals with terminal or incurable illnesses are not the only ones who can meet the criteria for rational suicide, and this will have consequences for the way that we treat the suicides of non-terminally or incurably ill individuals. Further, some kind of adjustment period seems to be necessary in order to ensure that the criteria are indeed met before we allow access to "death with dignity."
Le débat autour de la légalisation de l'euthanasie et du suicide assisté par un médecin a vu l'introduction de plusieurs termes nouveaux au cours des dernières années, la plus connue parmi eux étant «mort avec la dignité.» Les partisans de la légalisation prétendre que ces termes aident à illustrer la différence entre les actions des personnes qui souffrent des maladies qui sont terminale ou incurable, et les actions des individus qui commettent généralement suicide: l'ancien agissent de manière rationnelle, tandis que les dernières ne font pas the le même, suggérant que «la mort avec la dignité» est un cas de «suicide rationnel.»Margaret Pabst Battin a proposé que cinq critères doivent être remplies pour un suicide à être considéré rationnel. Si c'est le cas que les personnes qui souffrent des maladies qui sont terminale ou incurable agissent différemment des autres qui cherchent suicide, il semble que ces critères doivent être remplies en cas de maladie, mais pas dans les autres situations. Sur l'analyse, cependant, cela ne semble pas être le cas: les personnes atteintes de maladies terminales ou incurables ne sont pas les seuls qui peuvent répondre aux critères de suicide rationnel, ce qui aura des conséquences pour la façon dont nous traitons les suicides des autres personnes. En outre, une sorte de période d'adaptation semble nécessaire afin de s'assurer que les critères sont bien remplis avant d'autoriser l'accès à «la mort avec la dignité.»

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Upton, Norman. "Caregiver coping in dementing illness." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369151.

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39

Fox, Claudine. "Children's representations of mental illness." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2005. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/768/.

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Trinder, Thomas John. "Splanchnic perfusion in critical illness." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295361.

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Hamilton-West, Kate. "Coping with stress and illness." Thesis, University of Kent, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274368.

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Stoddart, Samuel David Ruddock. "Cognitive processing in affective illness." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420246.

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43

Gardner, Lois Catherine Marie. "Susceptibility to exertional heat illness." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20621/.

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Exertional heat illness (EHI) is a clinically important disorder, notifiable in military personnel, and is characterised by an inability to thermoregulate. Research investigating the genetic risk factors contributing to this potentially fatal condition is limited and the pathophysiology of EHI remains poorly understood. EHI shares a similar clinical manifestation to malignant hyperthermia (MH), a pharmacogenetic disorder associated with calcium dysregulation in skeletal muscle. Interestingly, 34% of the EHI patients in this study developed muscle contractures during an in vitro contracture test (IVCT), the gold-standard diagnostic test for MH susceptibility. The coding regions of fifty genes relating to calcium homeostasis and energy metabolism were sequenced in sixty-four EHI patients using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach. Many of these genes have been previously implicated in MH, congenital myopathies and metabolic disorders. Seventy-nine rare (minor allele frequency ≤1%) and potentially pathogenic (CADD-score ≥15) non-synonymous variants were identified across twenty-four genes, potentially conferring susceptibility to EHI. Around 75% of MH susceptible individuals in the UK carry a diagnostic ryanodine receptor type-1 (RYR1) variant. Uncharacterised RYR1 variants were identified in 38% of EHI patients in this study, 16% of which were annotated as rare and potentially pathogenic. Global gene expression profiles were examined in a heterozygous RyR1 R163C mutant mouse model associated with EHI and MH to investigate the acute heat stress response. These mice demonstrated elevated basal O2 consumption and increased expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) after heat exposure. RNA-seq was also used to explore the exertional heat stress response in a cohort of EHI, MH and healthy control volunteers. Elevated HSPs were detected in the blood of MH individuals along with a basal reduction of key oxidative phosphorylation enzymes, both suggestive of oxidative stress. In contrast, increased expression of metabolic enzymes required for acetyl-coA synthesis were detected in both EHI and MH susceptible patients relative to controls. This thesis highlights the likely role of calcium dysregulation and energy metabolism in the pathophysiology of this complex disorder.

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Brealey, David Andrew. "Mitochondrial dysfunction in critical illness." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446708/.

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The mortality from septic shock is approximately 50%. Most patients die from the ensuing multi-organ dysfunction syndrome rather than the acute septic inflammatory process per se. The aetiology of the organ dysfunction is unknown. A characteristic phenomenon of an increasing severity of sepsis is a decrease in tissue oxygen extraction with a decrease (relative and/or absolute) in tissue oxygen consumption. Two theories have been advanced to explain this observed decrease in oxygen extraction. Traditionally, this has been ascribed to micro vascular shunting of blood away from nutrient capillaries. However, findings in both patients and animal models have demonstrated a raised tissue PO2, suggesting that the oxygen is available to cells but cannot be metabolised, i.e. a state of dysoxia. As mitochondria account for over 90% of total oxygen consumption, in the process of oxidative phosphorylation, it has been hypothesised that sepsis results in an inhibition of the mitochondrial enzymes involved in this process. If severe, this would be expected to lead to energy failure in the organs and, possibly, to initiation of apoptotic or necrotic cell death. Marked over-production of the intercellular messenger nitric oxide is a characteristic feature of sepsis; the mitochondrial damage theory has been given additional credence by the discovery that nitric oxide and its derivative, peroxynitrite, can inhibit or permanently damage mitochondrial enzymes involved in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. The work leading to this thesis has demonstrated that sepsis is associated with an increase in nitric oxide production, a reduction in antioxidant protection, respiratory chain enzyme inhibition, and a depletion in tissue ATP levels. These changes were shown in both skeletal muscle biopsies obtained from critically ill patients in septic shock, and in skeletal muscle and liver biopsies obtained from a long-term septic rat model. These changes correlated with the severity of disease and eventual outcome. These findings thus demonstrate a mechanism that is present in both 'non-vital' and 'vital' organs, and across species. These findings may be epiphenomenal and causation needs to be definitively demonstrated. However, this work does suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction could be an important pathophysiological mechanism underlying sepsis-induced organ failure.

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Sonney, Jennifer Tedder. "Parent-Child Asthma Illness Representations." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/594958.

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Asthma management in school-aged children, particularly controller medication use, is best conceptualized as parent-child shared management. Controller medication nonadherence is common, and leads to higher disease morbidity such as cough, sleep disruption, poor activity tolerance, and asthma exacerbation. The purpose of this study was to describe asthma illness representations of both school-aged children (6-11 years) with persistent asthma and their parents, and to examine their interdependence. The Common Sense Model of Self-regulation, modified to include Parent-Child Shared Regulation, provided the framework for this descriptive, cross-sectional study. Thirty-four parent-child dyads independently reported on asthma control, controller medication adherence, and asthma illness representations by completing the Childhood Asthma Control Test, Medication Adherence Report Scale for Asthma, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire. Using intraclass correlations, moderate agreement was evident between the parent and child timeline (perceived duration) illness representation domain (ICC= .41), and there was a weak association between the parent and child symptoms domain (ICC = .13). The remaining controllability and consequences domains showed no agreement. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to test parent and child illness representation domain variables as predictors of parent or child estimates of medication adherence. With parent-reported medication adherence as the dependent variable, regression models used parent illness representation variables followed by the corresponding child variable. Parent beliefs about medication necessity versus concerns was a significant predictor of parent-reported treatment adherence (β = .55, p < .01). Child-reported treatment control was also predictive of parent-reported treatment adherence (β -.50, p < .01). When child-reported medication adherence was the dependent variable, the child illness representation variable was entered first followed by the parent variable. Child beliefs about medication necessity versus concerns was the only significant predictor of child-reported adherence (child β .50, p < .01), none of the parent variables reached significance. Findings from this study indicate that although there are similarities between parent and child asthma illness representations, parental illness representations do not predict children's estimation of controller medication adherence. These findings indicate that school-aged children develop illness representations somewhat independent from their parents and, therefore, are critical participants in both asthma care as well as research.

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46

Cochran, Haley. "Schooling with a Chronic Illness." Wittenberg University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wuhonors1527671372323964.

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47

Nilsson, Anna. "Mechanisms Behind Illness-Induced Anorexia." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för cellbiologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-132640.

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Loss of appetite is together with fever and malaise hallmarks of infection. Loosing appetite during an acute infection such as influenza does not result in any longlasting effects, but loosing appetite during chronic diseases such as cancer or AIDS constitutes a risk factor for mortality. Food intake regulation during inflammation is orchestrated by the brain in response to peripheral inflammatory signals. It is known that expression of the prostaglandin synthesizing enzyme cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is crucial for the mechanisms underlying inflammation-induced anorexia, and that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is involved in anorexia induced by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). In this thesis I examined the prostaglandin-pathways proposed to be involved in anorexia. We show that acute anorexia is dependent on COX-2 expression, while cancer-induced anorexia is mediated by cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1), at least in the initial stages, suggesting that the signaling pathways for chronic- and acute anorexia are distinct. We were able to demonstrate that the pathway underlying acute anorexia is distinct from that of fever, and that taste aversion is prostaglandin independent. We could also show that both acute and chronic anorexia-cachexia is dependent on expression of myeloid differentiation primary response gene (MyD88) in hematopoietic/myeloid cells. In summary, the findings presented in this thesis suggest that anorexia is a result of many different signaling pathways, as opposed to what is the case for several other inflammatory symptoms such as fever and malaise, where the pathways have been shown to be very exclusive. This provides new insight into the diversity of the pathways underlying inflammatory symptoms, which is fundamental for the ability to present potential, symptom-specific drug targets.

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Hampton, Jenaneta Sue. "Women, spirituality, and chronic illness." Thesis, Montana State University, 2004. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2004/hampton/HamptonJ1204.pdf.

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49

Goble, Chloe. "Psychological adjustment to physical illness." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1142/.

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Elson, Kate Christie. "Mental illness in American comedy." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12095.

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Thesis (M.F.A.)--Boston University
The goal of this thesis is to explore the subject of mental illness in current American comedy films. Its focus centers upon comedic depictions of two classes of diseases: those within the category of Anxiety Disorders and Clinical Depression and related illnesses. Further, I discuss differences between depictions ofthe two. This thesis also details the cultural importance of the comedic genre in America and the dissonance between the genre's rigid structure, the nature of mental illness and our current lifestyle. It also explains our nation's complex and at times contradictory relationship with mental illness as a cultural and social phenomenon and illustrates how these contradictions play out within the entertainment industry. Lastly, my focus centers upon the ways in which America's dominant ideologies clash with the reality experienced by mental illness sufferers and discusses film's role both in perpetrating pre-existing ideologies and in challenging them by creating new perspectives.

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