Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Iliad'
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Stickley, Patrick R. "Grief in the Iliad." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/205.
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This paper addresses the causes and effects of grief within Homer's Iliad. In addition, this paper argues that error, both committed and suffered, is the primary cause of grief, and that grief is particularly transformative in regard to Achilles, both in his motivations and his physicality.
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Natanson, Déborah. "Δειμoι Bρoτoι : human beings in the 'Iliad'." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29910.
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This dissertation investigates what it means to be human in Homer’s Iliad. It begins by looking at how Homer’s depiction of the human condition centres on the negative aspects of human life such as mortality, suffering and loss. The tragedy of mortality irremediably underlies all of human existence, and heroic death only partially compensates for it. Lamentation highlights suffering rather than glory as a consequence of war. The thesis goes on to explore how some forms of compensation and happiness are still possible in personal relationships through such positive values as pity and gentleness, which encourage solidarity and fellow-feeling among human beings, even between enemies. The poem ends with a striking act of compassion for a personal enemy: indeed, those gentler virtues ultimately transcend even nationalities and war, as can be seen in the meeting between Priam and Achilles. In addition to individual interpersonal relationships, another way for human beings to mitigate the tragic human condition is found through social organisation. The dissertation analyses this by looking at forms of conflict resolution, and different approaches to political organisation. Overall, the dissertation investigates how Homer portrays the complex dynamic between the negativity of mortality and suffering and their potential positive consequences, such as human solidarity. The depiction of suffering puts the emphasis on the losses and grief that war creates, rather than the glory the heroes are hoping to gain. Furthermore, the desire for a glorious end on the battlefield is counterbalanced by the great feat and hatred of death found throughout the poem and an intense love for live and its beauties.
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Poulengeris, Andreas Christou. "Studies on the text of Iliad 3-5." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271299.
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In these studies I discuss a number of selected passages from Iliad 3-5 where there are textual variations supported by extant minuscule copies and about which we can reasonably argue that they also existed in the text of uncial COpIes. The purpose of these discussions is to assert the claim of each variant to direct tradition, i.e. that their presence in the medieval minuscule tradition is due to inheritance from the text of extant or lost uncial copies, or, to use an abbreviated term, that they are ancient; and also to assert its utility for the evaluation or classification of the manuscripts which attest it, i. e. to identify the manuscripts which are the rightful heirs of such a variant through early lost minuscules, as well as to identify closely related groups of manuscripts. I have limited myself to a selection of the older manuscripts and attempted to discover by analysis which of these manuscripts are the most useful in preserving ancient variants. This approach differs from Allen's, who in the case of his edition of 1931 uses some 180 manuscripts and in the case of the Oxford Classical Text of 1920 mainly manuscript families on the strength of numerical agreements in various readings, resulting in a most unsatisfactory state of affairs in both cases. In the second part I provide a collation of the chosen manuscripts for Iliad 18, to demonstrate how reliable or unreliable Allen's collations are. I also provide an apparatus criticus for the same book which is not meant to serve the ordinary purpose of an apparatus criticus (no notice is taken of papyri, quotations, or modem conjectures), but only to show what the manuscript picture looks like, on the evidence of my collation for the variants judged worthy of mention in the Oxford Classical Text
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Kelly, Adrian. "The path of song : semantic strategies in Iliad VIII." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0e6834fd-8b77-4aa9-8916-561a4521a6f3.
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The Path of Song: Semantic Strategies in Iliad VIII is a continuous commentary to Book VIII of the Iliad, applying to this section of the poem a new aesthetic methodology developed primarily by the comparative scholar J. M. Foley. Termed 'traditional referentiality1, this methodology holds that oral traditional poetics is founded upon the duality of 'denotative' and 'connotative' levels of meaning, in which the semantic potential of any given element in the narrative, of any sort, is a result of the audience's experience with that element in previous performances. Thus, the associative qualities of traditional narrative allow the poet during the realisation of the song to manipulate audience expectations as they listen to stories whose general outlines (i.e. who kills who, who must not die at a certain moment in the story, etc.) they know from a lifetime of experience. To recapture this complex of meaning is to recreate the ancient experience of Homeric poetry, giving a modern audience access to the excitement and uncertainty of a narrative designed for a progressive unfolding at the moment of performance. After a brief introduction, in which a key term within Homeric poetics (οϊμη 'song path') is briefly discussed before we outline the history of the methodology and its place within modern scholarship, the commentary successively summarises and describes the key elements in small sections of the narrative, and then presents for each of these sections the comparative evidence establishing the conclusions reached. A conclusion is followed by two appendices on some of the more contentious speech introduction formulae.
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Garcia, Lorenzo Francisco. "Homeric temporalities simultaneity, sequence, and durability in the Iliad /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1481658181&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Fagan, Patricia Lynn. "Horses in the similes of the Iliad, a case study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ58937.pdf.
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Lebowitz, Willy. "Complex unity "self" and deliberation in Homer's Odyssey and Iliad /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1576.
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O'Maley, James. ""Like-mindedness"? Intra-familial relations in the Iliad and the Odyssey." Connect to thesis, 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/6725.
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This thesis argues that the defining characteristic of intra-familial relationships in both the Iliad and the Odyssey is inequality. Homeric relationship pairs that are presented positively are strongly marked by an uneven distribution of power and authority, and when family members do not subscribe to this ideology, the result is a dysfunctional relationship that is condemned by the poet and used as a negative paradigm for his characters. Moreover, the inequality favoured by the epics proceeds according to strict role-based rules with little scope for innovation according to personality, meaning that determination of authority is simple in the majority of cases. Wives are expected to submit themselves to their husbands, sons to their fathers, and less powerful brothers to their more dominant siblings. This rigid hierarchy does create the potential for problems in some general categories of relationship, and relations between mothers and sons in particular are strained in both epics, both because of the shifting power dynamic between them caused by the son’s increasing maturity and independence from his mother and her world, and because of Homeric epic’s persistent conjunction of motherhood with death. This category of familial relationships is portrayed in the epics as doomed to failure, but others are able to be depicted positively through adhering to the inequality that is portrayed in the epics as both natural and laudable.I will also argue that this systemic pattern of inequality can be understood as equivalent to the Homeric concept of homophrosyne (“like-mindedness”), a term which, despite its appearance of equality, in fact refers to a persistent inequality. Accordingly, for a Homeric relationship to be portrayed as successful, one partner must submit to the other, adapting themselves to the other’s outlook and aims, and subordinating their own ideals and desires. Through this, they are able to become “like-minded” with their partners, achieving something like the homophrosyne recommended for husbands and wives in the Odyssey.
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Jong, Irene J. F. de. "Narrators and focalizers : the presentation of the story in the "Iliad /." Amsterdam : B.R. Grüner, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34945571d.
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Lonsdale, Steven H. "Creatures of speech, lion, herding, and hunting similes in the "Iliad" /." Stuttgart : B. G. Teubner, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35535754m.
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Goussias, Giannoula. "Heroes and heroic life in the Iliad and Akritic folk-song /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armg717.pdf.
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McLaughlin, Kathleen. "Challenge and interaction : metaphor and related phenomena in the Iliad and Odyssey." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419058.
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Privitera, Siobhán Marie. "Brain, body, and world : cognitive approaches to the Iliad and the Odyssey." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25464.
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This thesis investigates the physical, material, and experiential aspects of thought and emotion in the Iliad and the Odyssey; more specifically, the ways in which the Homeric mind is extended through and by the body, and in which the body and its extensions express, illustrate, and inform psychological processes and mental concepts in Homer. Recent studies in cognitive science—in embodied, extended, embedded, and enactive approaches to mind—demonstrate the extent to which our psychological development is deeply and inextricably shaped not just within the confines of the brain, but also in the body and the world. This thesis seeks to apply these insights to the Iliad and the Odyssey, in order to show how this is also the case for Homer’s characters. In doing so, it primarily argues that Homeric conceptualizations of mind constitute the narrator’s way of presenting a “phenomenology of experience” throughout the poems: a reconstruction of the psychological workings of his characters that draws upon the physical, material, perceptual, and interactional aspects of experience.
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Wilson, Jeffrey Dirk. "Homer's paradigm of being a philosophical reading of the Iliad and the Odyssey /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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Frisby, Danielle Marianne. "Epic precedence : Statius’ Thebaid and its intertextual links to the Iliad of Homer." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.594601.
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This thesis explores the intertextual relationship of Statius' Thebaid with Homer's Iliad. It is an uneasy relationship. wavering between playful competition and the nihilistic sense that a competition taken to such hyperbolic levels is self-destructive, corresponding with the issue at the heart of the narrative: civil war. It considers key features of epic poetry: the gods, cosmos, and epic substitution in examining the Thebaid's response to the Iliad. The nature of civil war in the text is a major concern, brought out through confusion of identities in blending of characters, and the way the narrative uneasily inhabits the epic genre. Characters and scenes allude to multiple points in the literary tradition between Homer and Statius, including Vergil, Ovid, Lucan, Aeschylus and Callimachus. Statius highlights and often 'corrects' Vergil by going back to Homer, and seems to set up a conflict in the genre. I address how the natural world of epic seeps through from imagery into reality, and indicates the emotional and destructive nature of civil conflict. Homeric violence is escalated to render heroes more impressive than their Homeric counterparts, but also more transgressive and essentially self-defeating in their attempt to compete with Homeric precedent. Problems of divine patronage are brought out, as well as apparently split personalities in gods. Multiple poet figures, even within one character, indicate multiple conflicted narratorial voices pulling the reader in different, often opposing directions. Issues of lineage are frequently brought to the fore, with heroes of the Iliad being the generation after the heroes of the Thebaid, and in some cases their actual descendents, placing the Thebaid in a paradoxical position of being both before and after the Iliad. The result is a disquieting reading of the text which leaves the reader uncertain whether epic has been taken to a new level or made to self-destruct.
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Brown, Howard Paul. "The pragmatics of direct address in the Iliad a study in linguistic politeness /." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1061412264.
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Van, der Poll Cornelia Maria. "Allegory, etymology and philosophical theory as exegetical tools in the scholia of the Iliad." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251829.
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Yoon, Sun Kyoung. "(Re)-constructing Homer : English translations of the Iliad and Odyssey between 1850 and 1950." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/47079/.
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This thesis seeks to investigate how translation is influenced by the translator's contexts, dealing with English translations of Homer between 1850 and 1950. English versions of the Iliad and Odyssey by eight translators from different periods are examined chronologically in their historical contexts, with reference to social, political and ideological circumstances. My methodology involves making use of translators' metatexts and other types of texts in combination with comparison of the translated texts. The debate between Matthew Arnold and Francis Newman reveals conflicting ideologies in the nineteenth century: the former committed to promoting a noble template for his society, the latter seeking to reproduce with exacting standards what he perceived as the true peculiarity of the poet. This ideological opposition is reflective of the intrinsic link between translators' interpretations of Homer and attitudes toward translation, and the Victorian age, in social, ideological and political terms. The thesis continues with two more Victorian translators William Morris and J. S. Blackie, focusing on the practice of archaism. Morris translated the Odyssey within a widespread movement of medieval revival. The same applies to Blackie's translation of the Iliad, but his medievalism was connected to the issue of Scottish identity. They idealised history and expressed their vision literalistically through archaising. The focus then changes to examine modernist versions of the Odyssey by Ezra Pound and H. D. Their fragmentary translations were good examples of the modernist project to achieve novelty and originality. Homer represented 'tradition' to engage with in order to pursue the ambition to, in Pound's famous expression, 'make it new'. The modernists took translation as an implement for revisiting the literary tradition. Lastly, this thesis explores mid-twentieth century prose translations by E. V. Rieu and I. A. Richards. Influenced by the egalitarianism of mid-twentieth-century Britain, they attempted to make their translations accessible to everyone. These translations of Homer were targeted at the 'general reader', and for that purpose, Rieu and Richards transformed Homer's originals into novels.
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Bocchetti, Carla. "Cultural geography in Homer : studies on nature and landscape in the 'Iliad' and 'Odyssey'." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269540.
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Gullì, Gabriele. "Does web usability affect brand perception? : A comparative study on the "Iliad Italia S.P.A." corporate website." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280806.
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The concept of brand nowadays goes beyond the simple logo printed or displayed on a product or service. Branding is an important element for companies, and the communication channels used to deliver brand messages play a fundamental role. The advancement and innovation in web technologies made web communication artefacts crucial channels for companies and a key aspect of these artefacts is their usability. In this project a re-design process has been carried on the “Iliad Italia S.p.A.” corporate website from scratch, introducing innovative approaches such as user-centered design and value-based design. The developed website has been then used to perform an innovative comparative study aiming of verifying whether or not web usability affects brand perception. Adopting two different innovative procedures, brand perception has been measured on test subjects after using the old website and the new one. Analyzing the gathered data, a visible correlation has been found between usability and brand perception, indeed, using a website with higher usability resulted in a higher brand perception and the usage of a website with lower usability resulted in a decrease in brand perception in test subjects. The project introduced innovative research tools and procedures in a real case scenario, illustrating how they can be adopted in the development of web-communication artefact in companies, moving web development and marketing a step closer each other.Il concetto di brand oggi va oltre il semplice logo stampato o esposto su un prodotto o servizio. Il branding è un elemento importante per le aziende, e i canali di comunicazione utilizzati per veicolare i messaggi del brand giocano un ruolo fondamentale. Il progresso e l'innovazione nelle tecnologie web hanno reso gli artefatti di comunicazione web cruciali per le aziende, e un aspetto chiave di questi artefatti è la loro usabilità. In questo progetto è stato portato avanti un processo di re-design del sito web aziendale di "Iliad Italia S.p.A." partendo da zero, introducendo approcci innovativi come lo user-centered design e il value-based design. Il sito web sviluppato è stato poi utilizzato per effettuare uno studio comparativo innovativo volto a verificare se l'usabilità di un sito web influisce o meno sulla percezione del brand negli utenti. Adottando due diverse procedure innovative, è stata misurata la percezione del brand successivamente all'uso del vecchio e del nuovo sito web. Analizzando i dati raccolti, è stata trovata una visibile correlazione tra usabilità e percezione del brand, infatti, l'utilizzo di un sito web con una maggiore usabilità ha portato a una maggiore percezione del brand e l'utilizzo di un sito web con una minore usabilità ha portato a una diminuzione della percezione del brand nei soggetti del test. Il progetto ha introdotto strumenti di ricerca e procedure innovative in uno scenario di uso reale, illustrando come questi strumenti e procedure possono essere adottate nello sviluppo di artefatti di comunicazione web nelle aziende, avvicinando lo sviluppo web al marketing.
Begreppet märke går idag utöver den enkla logotypen som skrivs ut eller visas på en produkt eller tjänst. Varumärke är ett viktigt inslag för företag, och kommunikationskanalerna som används för att leverera varumärkesmeddelanden spelar en grundläggande roll. Utvecklingen och innovationen inom webbteknologier gjorde att webbkommunikationsföremål är viktiga kanaler för företag och en viktig aspekt av dessa föremål är deras användbarhet. I detta projekt har en ny designprocess genomförts på "Iliad Italia S.p.A." företagets webbplats från grunden och introducerar innovativa metoder som användarcentrerad design och värdebaserad design. Den utvecklade webbplatsen har sedan använts för att utföra en innovativ jämförande studie som syftar till att verifiera om webbanvändbarhet påverkar varumärkesuppfattningen eller inte. Antagande av två olika innovativa förfaranden, varumärkesuppfattning efter användningen av den gamla och nya webbplatsen har mäts på testämnen. Genom att analysera de samlade uppgifterna har en synlig korrelation hittats mellan användbarhet och varumärkesuppfattning. Att använda en webbplats med högre användbarhet resulterade faktiskt i en högre varumärkesuppfattning och användningen av en webbplats med lägre användbarhet resulterade i en minskning av varumärkesuppfattningen i testpersoner. Projektet introducerade innovativa forskningsverktyg och förfaranden i ett verkligt fallsscenario, som illustrerar hur de kan användas för att utveckla webbkommunikationsartiklar i företag, flytta webbutveckling och marknadsföring ett steg närmare.
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Lockard, Michael T., and James A. Jr Garling. "MANAGING MULTI-VENDOR INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEMS WITH ABSTRACTION MODELS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604052.
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ITC/USA 2006 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Second Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 23-26, 2006 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThe quantity and types of measurements and measurement instrumentation required for a test are growing. This paper describes a methodology to define and program multi-vendor instrumentation using abstraction models in a database that allows new instrumentation to be defined rapidly. This allows users to support multiple vendors’ systems while using a common user interface to define instrumentation networks, bus catalogs, measurements, pulse code modulated (PCM) formats, and data processing requirements.
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Ziemann, Marcus Daniel. "“He Brought a Message Back From Before the Flood”: The Iliad and Neo-Assyrian Propaganda and Ideology." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1574614190390724.
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Malamis, Daniel Scott Christos. "The justice of Dikê on the forms and significance of dispute settlement by arbitration in the Iliad." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002162.
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This thesis explores the forms and significance of dispute settlement by arbitration, or ‘δίκη’, in the Iliad. I take as my focus the ‘storm simile’ of Iliad XVI: 384-393, which describes Zeus’ theodical reaction to corruption within the δίκη-court, and the ‘shield trial’ of Iliad XVIII: 498-508, which presents a detailed picture of such a court in action, and compare the forms and conception of arbitration that emerge from these two ecphrastic passages with those found in the narrative body of the poem. Analysing the terminology and procedures associated with dispute settlement in the Iliad, I explore the evidence for the development of an ‘ideology of δίκη’, that valorises arbitrated settlement as a solution to conflict, and that identifies δίκη as a procedure and a civic institution with an objective standard of fairness: the foundation of a civic concept of ‘justice’. I argue that this ideology is fully articulated in the storm simile and the shield trial, as well as Hesiod’s Works and Days, but that it is also detectable in the narrative body of the Iliad. I further argue that the poet of the Iliad employs references to this ideology, through the narrative media of speech and ecphrasis, to prompt and direct his audience’s evaluation of the nature and outcome of the poem’s central conflict: the dispute of Achilles and Agamemnon.
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Pillot, William. "Ilion en Troade, de la colonisation éolienne au Haut Empire romain." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040146.
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La petite cité grecque d’Ilion offre un exemple original d’identité civique complexe mêlant éléments grecs et « barbares » (i. e. non grecs) grâce à l’utilisation des différents mythes liés à la guerre de Troie. Cette construction identitaire mythique s’enracine dans un site particulièrement riche où les différents niveaux archéologiques se superposent et s’enchevêtrent de l’âge du Bronze à l’époque romaine (Troie I à IX). Elle est aussi nourrie de diverses influences, anatoliennes et égéennes, particulièrement sensibles dans le cas d’Ilion car cette cité, située au bord de l’Hellespont, se trouve en situation de carrefour géopolitique et culturel entre Europe et Asie. Le sanctuaire d’Athéna Ilias joue un rôle central dans l’identité, les mythes et l’histoire de la cité. Mais ce sanctuaire est aussi le centre d’une association religieuse regroupant plusieurs autres cités, principalement de Troade mais aussi d’au-delà, comme Myrléa en Propontide et même Chalcédoine sur le Bosphore, qui administrent en commun le sanctuaire et participent à des panégyries et des concours sacrés en l’honneur de cette divinité à la fois civique et fédérale. L’autre principal lieu de culte d’Ilion, le « Sanctuaire Ouest », témoigne lui aussi d’influences à la fois européennes et asiatiquesThis PhD thesis intends to offer a synthesis concerning the Greek city-State of Ilion. This city-State offers an original example of a complex civic identity which mixes Greek and “barbaric” (i.e. non-Greek) elements through the use of different myths relating to the Trojan war. This mythical construction of identity is rooted in a particularly rich site where the various archaeological levels are superimposed and tangled together, from the Bronze age to the Roman period (Troy I to IX), as evidenced by H. Schliemann, the inventor of the site, which is still nowadays being excavated by German and American teams. Ilion’s identity is also fueled by various influences, Anatolian and Aegean, that are particularly sensitive because of the fact that the city is located at a geopolitical and cultural crossroad between Europe and Asia. The sanctuaries of Ilion play a central role in the identity, the myths and the history of the city, especially the sanctuary of Athena Ilias. It is the centre of a religious association (koinon) which regroups several other cities, from Troad and even beyond, who administer the sanctuary together and participate in festivals and sacred games in honor of this divinity that is both civic and federal. The second main cult site of Ilion, called “West Sanctuary”, is also a testimony of European and Asian influences
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Porter, Andrew E. "Parable, paradeigma, and moral responsibility in the Iliad, the Presbeia and its significance for the whole epic action." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ60685.pdf.
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Baltazar, Christopher. "An analysis of the graphic novel adaptation of the Iliad by Homer for use in the secondary classroom." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1353.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Education
English Languagae Arts Education
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Watson, Katheryn Janet. "Homeric patterns of composition and their realization as narrative : a study of Poseidon's intervention in Iliad 13 - 15." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308346.
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Jan, Rabea. "Re-creating literature : translation in the English-language poetic tradition, with reference to Pope's Iliad and Pound's Cathay." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296232.
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Creer, Tyler A. "Echoes of Peace: Anti-War Sentiment in the Iliad and Heike monogatari and Its Manifestation in Dramatic Tradition." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4205.
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The Iliad and Heike monogatari are each seen as seminal pieces of literature in Greek and Japanese culture respectively. Both works depict famous wars from which subsequent generations of warriors, poets, and other artists in each society drew their inspiration for their own modes of conduct and creation. While neither work is emphatically pro-war, both were used extensively by the warrior classes of both cultures to reinforce warrior culture and to inculcate proper battlefield behavior. In spite of this, however, both tales contain a strong undercurrent of anti-war sentiment which contrasts sharply with their traditionally seen roles of being tales about warriors and their glorious deeds. This thesis examines these works and details the presence of anti-war sentiment while also highlighting its emergence to greater prominence in later works found within the genres of Greek tragedy and nō theater. Ultimately, the Iliad and Heike monogatari act as foundational sources of anti-war sentiment for the later dramatic works, which poets of both cultures used to decry the woeful effects of war on both combatants and the innocent. By examining the presence of anti-war sentiment in two cultures that share surprising similarities but are widely separated by geography and chronology, we are presented with both a broader and deeper understanding of the effects of warfare on society and of the historical responses of citizen populations to events in war.
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Smoot, Guy P. "Ethnicity, Ethnogenesis and Ancestry in the Early Iron Age Aegean as Background to and through the Lens of the Iliad." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467180.
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The prevalence of orality in the 8th/7th centuries BCE and the inherent limits of oral memory, in the wake of centuries of illiteracy, invalidate the conventional premise that the archaizing world of the Iliad somehow represents a Late Bronze Age (LBA) reality: generally, one can look back in time no further than two or three centuries—to the Early Iron Age (EIA), a poorly-documented yet crucial period also known as the Dark Age.
Paralleling the eastward expansion of the Mycenaeans and their Greek-speaking successors onto the coast of Anatolia in both the LBA and EIA, another closely-related, yet distinct group similarly expands eastward from its home base in Epirus and Macedonia to the northern coast of Anatolia, the location of Troy; and thence, much farther into the Anatolian heartland to the very slopes of the Caucasus. Adapting an ethnonym from Herodotus 1.56 & 8.43 (Μακεδνὸν ἔθνος), I refer to this group as the Makednians: in linguistic terms (a key criterion of ethnicity), this includes Macedonian, Phrygian, Armenian, and even, it is argued, what is traditionally referred to as “Northwestern Greek.” Not only do they move into Anatolia, but also southward into Greece, thus impacting the evolution of post-Mycenaean society and contributing to the rise of new hybrid ethne, notably the Dorians and the Aeolians.
The saga of the Trojan War dramatizes and crystallizes, to an appreciable degree, the many wars throughout the EIA Aegean between the post-Mycenaeans / post-Anatolians and the Makednians, prior to their final coalescence. The Achaeans and the Trojans of epic are so alike and yet different because the (post)-Mycenaeans and Makednians are so alike, yet different. Chapter 1 explores the connection between Trojans and Ionians, primary audience of Homeric performances. Chapter 2 explores the connection between Trojans, Phrygians and Macedonians. Chapter 3 investigates the ways in which the intertwined notions of primordial death, land of the dead and ancestor worship converge in Achilles, his native Phthia and his immediate entourage.Comparative Literature
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Coutier, Élodie. "Partages de l’Iliade dans le roman occidental contemporain." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL108.
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Dans le contexte d’une mise en question sans cesse renouvelée des hiérarchies sociales et culturelles dans les sociétés occidentales contemporaines, dont rend compte le développement des études culturelles depuis les années 1960, la publication d’un grand nombre de réécritures romanesques de l’Iliade témoigne d’un mouvement réflexif de la littérature vis-à-vis de sa propre histoire. En observant les tensions dynamiques à l’œuvre dans la rencontre du roman et du discours épique, ce travail de thèse entend proposer une approche du champ littéraire qui ne soit pas fondée sur la division de ce dernier entre culture artistique et culture à destination du grand public, mais conçue sous l’angle d’un partage transmédiatique et transculturel. L’analyse des réécritures romanesques de l’Iliade révèle en effet une convergence des procédés et des discours de part et d’autre du « grand partage » littéraire, au service d’une réflexion commune sur le caractère problématique du canon littéraire. La confrontation des discours épique et romanesque contribue à l’élaboration d’une pensée démocratique de la société, qui repose sur la construction d’un espace narratif traversé par une pluralité de discours génériques et de références culturellesChallenging the social and cultural hierarchies which are still authoritative in our contemporary Western societies has been a long-lasting concern of Cultural Studies ever since their development in the 1960s. As evidenced by the great amount of novels set in the fictional world of the Trojan War, which prove themselves to be genuine rewritings of the Iliad narrative, the Western canon and its relevance are equally scrutinized by contemporary novelists. By studying the dynamic conflicts which underlie the encounter between epic discourse and the genre of the novel, this dissertation intends to dispute the concept of a “Great Divide” between artistic and popular culture, and to prove that literature is a transcultural medium. A close study of a few contemporary novelisations of the Iliad brings to light existing shared narrative techniques and discourses undermining the legitimacy of the Western canon. Through the remodeling of the epic genre and its conventions, the novel assumes a democratic approach to society which stems from a narrative architecture hinging on a multiplicity of generic discourses and cultural references
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Power, Michael O'Neill, and mopower@ozemail com au. "Transportation and Homeric Epic." The Australian National University. Faculty of Arts, 2006. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20070502.011543.
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This thesis investigates the impact of transportation the phenomenon of being miles away while receiving a narrative on audience response. The poetics of narrative reception within the Homeric epics are described and the correspondences with the psychological concept of transportation are used to suggest the appropriateness and utility of this theory to understanding audience
responses in and to the Iliad and Odyssey. The ways in which transportation complements and extends some concepts of narrative reception familiar to Homeric studies (the Epic Illusion, Vividness, and Enchantment) are considered, as are the ways in which the psychological theories might be adjusted to accommodate Homeric epic. A major claim is drawn from these theories that
transportation fundamentally affects the audiences interpretation of and responses to the narrative; this claim is tested both theoretically and empirically in terms of ambiguous characterization of Odysseus and the Kyklōps Polyphēmos in
the ninth book of the Odyssey. Last, some consideration is given to the ways in which the theory (and its underlying empirical research) might be extended.
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Lockard, Michael, Brian Ziegler, and Brian Conway. "ENHANCING THE TELEMETRY ATTRIBUTES TRANSFER STANDARD (TMATS) TO INCLUDE INSTRUMENTATION DATA AND NEW DATA CONVERSION FORMATS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605615.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaAs stated in IRIG 106-93/96/99/00, the purpose of the Telemetry Attributes Transfer Standard (TMATS) is; “... provides a common format for the transfer of information between the user and a test range or between ranges. This format will minimize the 'station unique' activities that are necessary to support any test item. In addition, it is intended to relieve the labor intensive process currently required to reformat the information by providing the information on computer compatible media, thus reducing errors and requiring less preparation time for test support.” However, it is well known that TMATS does not support “Instrumentation” data. Also, TMATS does not include many current data conversion formats, or have a way to easily include new formats as they are adopted. We believe that such changes will help TMATS reach its full potential and become more closely aligned with its stated objectives. It is the hope of the authors that this paper will generate support for IRIG to revise TMATS to include these important amendments.
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Kisieliute, Ieva. "This war will never be forgotten : A study of intertextual relations between Homer's Iliad and Wolfgang Petersen's Troy." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för genus, kultur och historia, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-3169.
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In 2004 Troy was released in movie theatres worldwide and almost immediately sparked up discussions on film’s relation to the ancient epic of Homer. The main purpose of this paper is to see the connection between Troy and Homer’s The Iliad – motion pictures’ only officially credited source of inspiration. By using comparative method and intertextual approach I try to see how a literary piece, for centuries recited and cherished by the highest academic circles is remodelled to fit the taste of a mass public. How The Iliad mutates to be a marketable product. I discuss the changes of the plot that were introduced in Troy and try to see those changes as an outcome of mutation process. Apart from the plot, the notion of a hero is also discussed: how the definition of hero changed through time? To illustrate the changes, two main heroes – Achilles and Hector are discussed, yet again using the comparative method. By approaching Troy and The Iliad as two separate cultural products (I did not view Troy as a documentary on The Iliad) I was able to connect them. I could see that the essence of the literary work and the film appears to be the same. It shows that the ancient Greek values, especially those, related to warfare and heroism, have definitely survived long enough to penetrate the modern thought.
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Pollard, Alison. "Carmen heroum : Greek epic in Roman friezes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1bd394a8-200e-48c7-b7b4-e1e7cabd39e0.
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Roman wallpainting has been the subject of innumerable studies from the eighteenth century to the present day, but the epic-themed friezes of Late Republican and Early Imperial Italy have been comparatively neglected throughout this history of scholarship. This thesis therefore seeks to examine the three painted and stucco Iliad friezes from Pompeii, all found on the Via dell'Abbondanza, and the Odyssey frescoes from a house on the Esquiline in Rome, as four examples of a type which had a long history in the Graeco-Roman world, even if their survival in the archaeological record is scant. The primary aim of the study is to understand each frieze in the knowledge of how they might have been regarded in antiquity, as elucidated in Pausanias' commentaries on Polygnotus' Iliupersis and Nekyia frescoes in Delphi, and to understand their extra-textual insertions and spelling discrepancies not as artistic errors but as reflections of the geographical and chronological contexts in which the friezes were displayed. Through detailed study of their iconography and epigraphy, alongside contemporary writers' discussion of the epic genre and its specific concerns for a Roman audience, this study aims to show that the most fruitful course of enquiry pertaining to the friezes lies not in an argument about whether they are entirely faithful to the Homeric epics or depart from them in puzzling ways, but in the observation that reliance on the text and free play on it go hand in hand as part of the epic reception-culture within which these paintings belong.
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Naraghi, Akhtar. "The images of women in western and eastern epic literature : an analysis in three major epics, The Shahnameh, The Iliad and The Odyssey." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70325.
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The central thesis of this work is twofold: (1) contrary to the images perpetuated in works of criticism, there exists no sustained misogyny in the text of exemplar epics by Ferdowsi and Homer, or antagonism toward women rooted in the poets' attitude, and (2) using the principle of androcentric (rather than gynocentric) feminist literary theory we have tried to prove the existence of a "systematic inconsistency" in the roles and images assigned to the women of The Shahnameh, the Iliad, and Odyssey. We have identified the presence of a double structure concerning the question of women. Instead of endlessly praising the female characters, or fully condemning the portrayal of such figures, we have instead tried to turn the issues around and examined opposed aspects in female roles and images. We have examined the conflict of opposites and the systematic inconsistency within each text in which a double structure splits the female image in two directions: one force is represented by exalted, praiseworthy, and positive images endowing women with powerful characteristics such as prowess, courage, wisdom, insight, fearlessness, and a host of other attributes. Yet within the same text, the same woman, through another force, is not only relegated to a subservient role, but also finds imposed upon her the condition of not being taken seriously, severe handicaps regarding her full integration in the social fabric of the story, and not being allowed to use her considerable abilities. Within this paradoxical double structure, it is not that one structure eventually cancels out the other, rather the coexistence of both structures in the same work results in the readers' suspension between the conclusions each of them separately urges.The dichotomy in the characterization of women in epic literature is not limited to a single culture; a consistent thread runs through the universal inconsistency in the make-up of women in epic. The thread runs across the border between the East and the West, wherever that border may be drawn on the map geographically, historically, or culturally.
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OLIVEIRA, RODRIGO SANTOS PINTO DE. "LIE IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF PLATO S LESSER HÍPPIAS, HOMER S ILIAD AND SOPHOCLES PHILOCTETES: AS TRUE AND SIMPLE, AND ODYSSEUS, MULTIFACETED AND FALSE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35900@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Tendo como princípio a inquietação causada pelo questionamento de Sócrates no Hípias Menor de Platão (363a-364c): Qual personagem, entre Aquiles e Odisseu, seria superior? A presente dissertação leva em consideração o direcionamento do diálogo acerca do que seja a mentira segundo a ótica platônica, e dedica-se especificamente a descobrir quem destes poderia ser compreendido como um mentiroso: entre Aquiles e Odisseu, quem estaria mentindo? Primeiramente a pesquisa deseja averiguar as definições que sejam provenientes do diálogo platônico, para em seguida retornar para a cena da epopeia homérica em que seja possível definir para qual herói caberia a alcunha de mentiroso. Abalizado pelos critérios extraídos do diálogo entre Sócrates e Hípias, a busca pela cena que atenda às definições necessárias para a mentira se direciona às tragédias, onde o Filoctetes de Sófocles se sobressai entre as demais remanescentes, por atender aos critérios e nos permitir examinar a mentira de modo a justapor definições e critérios à cena que melhor exemplifica o caso. Em suma, metodologicamente tenta-se conjecturar para além do que se vê no diálogo Hípias Menor, buscando exemplo mais oportuno do que aquele dado pelo sofista a Sócrates, contudo, sem deixar de atentar para os argumentos e definições expostas, deseja-se chegar mais próximo de uma compreensão menos aporética deste diálogo, lançando mão do exemplo como um recurso didático que pode ajudar concomitantemente na compreensão do que seja a mentira, ao mesmo passo que se observe quem seja um mentiroso.
Taking as a principle the uneasiness caused by Socrates questioning in Plato s Hippias Minor (363a-364c): which character, between Achilles and Odysseus, would be superior? This dissertation takes into account the direction of the dialogue about the lie according to the Platonic perspective, and is dedicated specifically to discover who could be understood as a liar: between Achilles and Odysseus, who would be lying? First, the research wants to ascertain the definitions that come from the Platonic dialogue, and then return to the scene of the Homeric epic where is possible to define which hero would be named as the liar. By the assignments taken as criteria drawn from the dialogue between Socrates and Hippias, the search for the scene that meets the necessary definitions for the lie is targeted to the tragedies, where the Sophocle s Philoctetes excels among the plays remaining fully, to revel the criteria and allowing us to examine the lie in order to juxtapose definitions and criteria to the scene that best exemplifies the case. In sum, this dissertation tries methodologically to conjecture for beyond what is seen in Hippias Minor, seeking a more opportune example than that given by the Sophist to Socrates, yet without neglecting the arguments and definitions set forth, it is desired to get closer to a complete understanding of this dialogue, using example as a didactic resource that can help concomitantly in the understanding of what is the lie, at the same time as observing who could be a liar.
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Vandenberghe, Caroline. "L’iconographie d’Hélène de Troie sur les miroirs étrusques du Ve au IIIe siècle av. J.-C." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2020/2020PA100011/2020PA100011.pdf.
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Hélène de Troie, héroïne emblématique du cycle troyen, jouit d’une fortune particulière en Étrurie, à partir du Ve siècle av. J.-C., notamment sur les miroirs en bronze, objet traditionnellement associé au monde féminin. Plus qu’une simple légende, chez les Grecs, son histoire symbolise la suprématie de la beauté et le conflit qui oppose la morale à l’esthétique. Les sources littéraires qui la mentionnent sont innombrables et son personnage s’est construit au fil des siècles, s’adaptant aux époques et aux mentalités. Personnage ambigu et complexe, Hélène a de multiples facettes : à la fois figure exemplaire du mariage et en même temps adultère et bigame, parthenos et nymphê, elle incarne les divers aspects du féminin. Notre étude s’intéresse à son iconographie en Étrurie, où les artisans interprètent le mythe grec et l’adaptent aux besoins de la clientèle locale. À partir d’un corpus de vingt-sept miroirs, datés du Ve au début du IIIe siècle av. J.-C., nous nous sommes appliqués à révéler un discours spécifique dont on a cherché à délimiter les formes. La confrontation du corpus de miroirs à d’autres répertoires du monde grec et italique, notamment la peinture vasculaire, ainsi que les sources textuelles antiques, ont permis de mettre en lumière l’imaginaire d’Hélène, mais aussi la présence d’un « réseau iconographique » féminin qui se forme au IVe siècle av. J.-C. dans la péninsule italique. Ainsi, les autres héroïnes homériques comme Cassandre, Ariadne ou Polyxène, participent à un même discours formant la trame d’un répertoire visuel exaltant les valeurs de l’aristocratie féminine italique. Notre recherche s’intéresse ainsi au mundus muliebris italique, en particulier tyrrhénien, à travers l’iconographie d’Hélène, modèle héroïque, et à travers le miroir, objet porteur de valeurs féminines fortes. Ce réseau sémantique féminin, dont Hélène est l’une des figures principales, rappelle certaines notions, comme la beauté, la charis, la séduction ou le mariageHelen of Troy, emblematic heroine of the Trojan Cycle in 5th century BC, enjoyed a special fortune in Etruria, of bronze mirrors in particular, an object traditionally associated with the female world. More than just a legend, among the Greeks, the history of Helen symbolizes the supremacy of beauty and conflict between morality and aesthetics. The literary sources that mention it are innumerable and its character has been built for many centuries, adapting to the different times and mentalities. An ambiguous and complex character, Helen of Troy has many sides to her: she is both an exemplary figure of marriage and, at the same time, an adulterer and bigamist, parthenos and nymphê, she embodies many different feminine aspects. Our study is interested in Etruria’s iconography, where craftsmen interpret the Greek myth and adapt it to the local customer needs. From a corpus of twenty-seven mirrors, dated from the 5th to the early 3rd century BC, we sought to reveal a specific speech and determine its forms. The comparison of the corpus of mirrors with other, Greek and Italic, directories, including vascular painting, and ancient textual sources, made it possible to highlight not only Helen's imagination, but also the presence of a female "iconographic network" that was formed in the Italic peninsula in the 4th century BC, in which other Homeric heroines such as Cassander, Ariadne and Polyxene, using the same speech forming the framework of a visual directory, wich extolls the values of the Italic female aristocracy. Our research focus on the Italic muliebris mundus, Etruscans in particular, through the iconography of Helen, a heroic model, and through the mirror, an object that represents strong female values. This feminine semantic network, of which Helen is one of the main figures, recalls certain notions, such as beauty, charis, seduction and marriage
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Bartley, Christina Marie. "Calasiris the Pseudo-Greek Hero: Odyssean Allusions in Heliodorus' Aethiopica." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41921.
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This thesis seeks to analyze the Homeric allusions in the Aethiopica with an inclusive definition to explore Heliodorus’ authorial motives. To approach this project, I use textual analysis to avoid arguments rooted in assumptions of the historical context of the novel, about which we know almost nothing. I explore how links to Homer’s Odyssey are visible within the structural organization of the text and the content of the text. I also explore how the content of the novel reproduces actions and compatible settings of Odyssean characters, which therefore qualifies Heliodorus’ characters in a metaliterary commentary with Homer’s archaic epic poem. The division of Odyssean actions and traits depicted in Heliodorus’ characters introduce a new addition to the heroic legacy established by Homer and distances the hero from Greek identity. I conclude that Heliodorus’ adherences to epic conventions and departures thereof inform the subtextual commentaries conveyed in the Aethiopica.
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Hernandes, Thárea Raizza [UNESP]. "Homens e deuses na Ilíada: ação e responsabilidade no mundo homérico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93857.
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Este trabalho analisa a relação entre o humano e o divino no âmbito das ações realizadas pelos homens e a responsabilidade que eles teriam ou não sobre elas, na Ilíada. Para tanto, verifica a concepção de homem em Homero, buscando mostrar o homem como unidade capaz de realizar ações e analisa a concepção divina associada às ideias de vontade de Zeus e de Destino, que afetariam a noção de responsabilidade na ação humana. Portanto, desejamos mostrar que as decisões próprias do homem não alteram o curso dos acontecimentos, uma vez que, na Ilíada, deparamos com a mentalidade mítica na qual divindade e homem se completam através de oposições
This study analyzes the relationship between the human and the divine in the context of the actions carried out by men, and the responsibility that they would have on them or not, in the Iliad. To do so, it verifies the conception of man in Homer, trying to show the man as a unit capable of performing actions and analyzes the divine conception associated with the ideas of will of Zeus and Destiny, which would affect the notion of responsibility in the human action. Therefore, we wish to show that the man's own decisions do not change the sequences of events, once, in the Iliad, we faced with the mythical mentality in which divinity and man complete each other through opposition
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Zanon, Camila Aline. "A Ilíada de Homero e a arqueologia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-26032012-111612/.
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A Ilíada de Homero é geralmente caracterizada como um poema que trata da Guerra de Tróia, que teria acontecido mais de 500 anos antes da composição de tal poema, e teria sido transmitido através da tradição oral, até o momento em que foi escrito pela primeira vez. Esperava-se, portanto, que os fatos narrados pelo poeta correspondessem aos achados arqueológicos encontrados para o Período Micênico, mas o que se encontra na Ilíada é uma mistura de elementos da sociedade micênica e da sociedade contemporânea a Homero, ou seja, o século VIII a.C. O estudo da relação entre documentos arqueológicos dos períodos Micênico, Proto-Geométrico e Geométrico, compreendidos entre 1550 e o final do século VIII a.C., e a Ilíada de Homero é composto por duas categorias de fontes distintas, a arqueológica e a escrita, esta como resultado de uma tradição oral que a precedeu. A presente dissertação tem como foco apresentar as informações que se podem depreender da Ilíada de Homero que, de alguma forma, contribuíram para a interpretação arqueológica e se, de tal confronto, surgiram controvérsias entre os dois tipos de fontes, levando a uma reflexão sobre a questão da continuidade e da ruptura de elementos culturais próprios da Civilização Micênica e que, de certa maneira, se refletem nos períodos posteriores em pauta.The Iliad of Homer is generally seen as a poem about the Trojan War, which took place more than 500 years before the composition of such poem, and transmitted by oral tradition down to the moment it was written for the first time. It was hoped, therefore, that the facts narrated by its poet matched the archaeological finds for the Mycenaean Period; instead what is found in the Iliad is an ensemble of the elements of the Mycenaean society and the one contemporary to Homer, which is considered to be the eighth century B.C. The study of the relation between the Mycenaean, Proto-Geometrical, and Geometrical archaeological finds, dating from 1550 to the end of the eighth century B.C., and the Iliad of Homer is based on two different categories of sources, namely the archaeological and the literary ones, the last one being the result of an oral tradition which had preceded it. The present dissertation focuses on showing the information that can be derived from the Iliad of Homer that somehow has contributed to the archaeological interpretation and whether controversies were raised between those two kinds of sources from such a comparison, leading to a reflection about the question of either continuity or rupture of the cultural elements proper to the Mycenaean Civilization and that, in a certain way, are reflected on the later periods concerned.
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Fox, Peta Ann. "Heroes at the gates appeal and value in the Homeric epics from the archaic through the classical period." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002168.
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This thesis raises and explores questions concerning the popularity of the Homeric poems in ancient Greece. It asks why the Iliad and Odyssey held such continuing appeal among the Greeks of the Archaic and Classical age. Cultural products such as poetry cannot be separated from the sociopolitical conditions in which and for which they were originally composed and received. Working on the basis that the extent of Homer’s appeal was inspired and sustained by the peculiar and determining historical circumstances, I set out to explore the relation of the social, political and ethical conditions and values of Archaic and Classical Greece to those portrayed in the Homeric poems. The Greeks, at the time during which Homer was composing his poems, had begun to establish a new form of social organisation: the polis. By examining historical, literary and philosophical texts from the Archaic and Classical age, I explore the manner in which Greek society attempted to reorganise and reconstitute itself in a different way, developing original modes of social and political activity which the new needs and goals of their new social reality demanded. I then turn to examine Homer’s treatment of and response to this social context, and explore the various ways in which Homer was able to reinterpret and reinvent the inherited stories of adventure and warfare in order to compose poetry that not only looks back to the highly centralised and bureaucratic society of the Mycenaean world, but also looks forward, insistently so, to the urban reality of the present. I argue that Homer’s conflation of a remembered mythical age with the contemporary conditions and values of Archaic and Classical Greece aroused in his audiences a new perception and understanding of human existence in the altered sociopolitical conditions of the polis and, in so doing, ultimately contributed to the development of new ideas on the manner in which the Greeks could best live together in their new social world.
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Vieira, Luiz Gustavo Leitao. "From the gates of Troy to the trenches of the Western Front: the representation of war in the "Iliad" and in novels of the of the Great War." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ECAP-79BHCU.
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The following research aims at investigating the diferences and similarities between two sets of war narratives: Homer´s "Iliad" and novels of the Great of 1914-18. Dwelling on Hayden White´s methahistory theory and refraining from discussing the fictional or factional or factual nature of the texts to be analyzed, this thesis is focused on two aspects of the narratives.
The main difference regards the role of the individual warfare. Whereas in the "Iliad", we are provided with the powerful, necessarily named warriors, in the Great War novels, "All Quiet on the Western Front", "Paths of Glory", and "Company K", we encounter powerless, nameless soldiers who are overwhelmed by the murderous technology of total war. The hero gives way to the figure of the "Unknown Soldier" in war narrative. The principal feature these narratives share is war´s inherent unpredictability. Both the "Iliad" and the Great War novels represent war as an event whose outcome never comes as previously expected and whose means are disproportionate to its presumed ends, laying bare a gap between what men idealize of war and what men actually encounter.
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Oliveira, Gustavo Junqueira Duarte. "A multidão diante do herói na Ilíada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-30042010-144203/.
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Na Ilíada, a multidão exerce um papel fundamental para a contrução da trama. Ela ajuda a ambientar a epopéia em um cenário de guerra épica, além de ser necessária na própria definição daqueles que são as figuras centrais do poema: os heróis. Nesse sentido, procurou-se discutir justamente a função da multidão, massa, ou coletividade, em um poema em que o enfoque recai em outro elemento. Para tal, foi preciso estabelecer os aspectos próprios que caracterizam a multidão, além de apresentar de que forma ela garante que o herói seja mostrado de maneira épica. Em primeiro lugar foi proposta uma discussão acerca das fontes. Discutiu-se a questão da oralidade nos poemas homéricos e suas implicações para o estudo da História, com ênfase especial para a tradição. Questionou-se a validade do uso de tais poemas para o estudo da História. A sugestão proposta é considerar os textos como veículos de uma tradição que tem uma validade histórica por transmitir valores ideais. A partir de tal concepção refletiu-se, no presente trabalho, acerca das características próprias da coletividade, massa ou multidão, começando pela quantidade, o elemento mais básico e necessário para a própria existência de tais manifestações. A partir dela, outras características foram observadas. O anonimato reina entre seus integrantes. Para fazer parte de uma massa ou multidão, os indivíduos não podem ser nomeados no momento da reunião, pois do contrário não funcionam como coletividade, mas como indivíduos. Dessa forma, a multidão passa a ser lida como uma unidade, como um corpo único, que apresenta também unidade de ação, opinião e sentimento. A despeito do foco central, observou-se que o herói é definido por oposição à multidão. O herói é aquele que se destaca da coletividade, sendo nomeado e tendo sua ação notada justamente pelo fato de sua ação ser individual. Além disso, os feitos que garantem que um herói seja destacado devem ser realizados em público, carecendo de uma multidão observadora que funciona como platéia e juíza. Conclui-se portanto que a multidão ambienta, define e fiscaliza, sendo um elemento essencial para a compreensão da Ilíada.In the Iliad, the crowd plays a fundamental role in the construction of the poem. It helps to set the story in an epic war stage, besides being necessary to define the poems key figures: the heroes. A discussion of the function of the crowd, mass, mob or collectivity was presented, regarding a poem in which the main focus lays in another element. It was necessary, at first, to establish the aspects that characterize the crowd, and to present the manner in which the crowd ensures that the hero is portrayed in an epic fashion. First, a discussion regarding the sources was proposed. The matter of orality in the Homeric poems and its implication to the study of History, with special emphasis to tradition was discussed. The validity of the use of such poems to the study of History was questioned. The proposed solution is to consider the texts as vehicles of a tradition that has historical validity for transmitting ideal values. From this notion the characteristics of the collectivity, mass or crowd was studied, starting from the idea of quantity as the most basic and necessary element for the very existence of such phenomena. The next important notion is the anonymity, which reigns among the men in the crowd. To be a part of a mob or a crowd, the participants cannot be named in the moments of reunion. Otherwise they do not work as a collectivity, but as individuals. The crowd is understood as a unity of body, action, opinion and humor. Finally, regardless of the main focus of the poem, the hero can be defined as opposed to the crowd. The hero is the character that is separated from the collectivity, being named and noticed for having individual action. Besides, the great deeds that ensure the heroes prestige must be performed in public, therefore needing an observing crowd which acts as audience and judge. The conclusion is that the crowd sets the stage, defines the hero and acts as fiscal, being an essential element to the understanding of the Iliad.
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Hernandes, Thárea Raizza. "Homens e deuses na Ilíada : ação e responsabilidade no mundo homérico /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93857.
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Orientador: Fernando Brandão dos SantosBanca: Anise de Abreu Gonçalves D'Orange Ferreira
Banca: Marisa Giannecchini Gonçalves de Souza
Resumo: Este trabalho analisa a relação entre o humano e o divino no âmbito das ações realizadas pelos homens e a responsabilidade que eles teriam ou não sobre elas, na Ilíada. Para tanto, verifica a concepção de homem em Homero, buscando mostrar o homem como unidade capaz de realizar ações e analisa a concepção divina associada às ideias de vontade de Zeus e de Destino, que afetariam a noção de responsabilidade na ação humana. Portanto, desejamos mostrar que as decisões próprias do homem não alteram o curso dos acontecimentos, uma vez que, na Ilíada, deparamos com a mentalidade mítica na qual divindade e homem se completam através de oposições
Abstract: This study analyzes the relationship between the human and the divine in the context of the actions carried out by men, and the responsibility that they would have on them or not, in the Iliad. To do so, it verifies the conception of man in Homer, trying to show the man as a unit capable of performing actions and analyzes the divine conception associated with the ideas of will of Zeus and Destiny, which would affect the notion of responsibility in the human action. Therefore, we wish to show that the man's own decisions do not change the sequences of events, once, in the Iliad, we faced with the mythical mentality in which divinity and man complete each other through opposition
Mestre
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De, Simone Sara. "L'atto sospeso. Azione e inazione dell'eroe nella tradizione letteraria europea." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/86092.
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Stando a quanto ci è pervenuto, il termine ἥρως fa la sua prima comparsa “epica” al quarto verso del proemio dell’Iliade. Si tratta di una parola dall’origine incerta – e per Kerényi non traducibile senza che se ne perda la ricchezza di significato e di suono2 – altresì attestata in Mimnermo e in Esiodo e, più anticamente, in tavolette votive di epoca micenea vergate in scrittura Lineare B. In Esiodo, e poi in Omero, questo termine viene utilizzato per riferirsi a uomini forti e valorosi, dalle notevoli virtù militari. Per quanto, infatti, in questi testi sia presente anche la definizione di ηµίθεοι – a indicare il carattere semidivino di tali figure, ma anche la loro condizione di «speciale «quasi-esistenza», che è meno e più della comune esistenza umana»3 – in entrambi i poemi, e soprattutto in quello omerico, l’uso del termine è per lo più sganciato da una dimensione cultuale. «Gli eroi erano coloro che avevano combattuto a Troia e a Tebe»4, quindi, sostanzialmente, dei guerrieri. [...]
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Tichy, Eva [Verfasser]. "Ilias diachronica Rho (17)." Freiburg : Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1119327490/34.
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Schäfer, Melsene. "Der Götterstreit in der Ilias /." Stuttgart : B. G. Teubner, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb354883187.
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Ignatius, Henni. "Den (o)synliga Briseis : En komparativ litteraturanalys av relationen mellan Akilles, Patroklos och Briseis i Homeros Iliaden och Pat Barkers The Silence of the Girls." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-39991.
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The (in)visible Briseis. A comparative literary analysis of the relationship between Achilles, Patroclus and Briseis in Homer’s Iliad and Pat Barker’s The Silence of the Girls The purpose of this essay is to compare the relationship between Achilles and Patroclus in Homer’s Iliad (700s BC) and Pat Barker’s The Silence of the Girls (2019), while also looking into the role of Briseis and how the story differs when it is told from her point of view. Through the analysis I find that the relationship between Achilles and Patroclus have always been intense. I argue, however, that the intensity is given more depth and meaning when described from different perspectives, such as that of Briseis and Achilles himself, as is done in The Silence of the Girls. With the help of Kevin Goddard’s theory of the male gaze, the perspective of both Briseis and Achilles become invaluable for interpreting the relationship between the characters, as well as the characters themselves. For Achilles, the gaze of his mother influences him in a negative way in his relationship with Briseis, while the gaze of Patroclus causes changes in his mentality. I argue that this has to do with the Oedipus complex. For once, Briseis is not invisible and even though she continues to be the slave everyone expects her to be, she is, through the gaze, able to create her own story once that of Achilles ends. It is still the story of the great Achilles, but one in which he is also human.
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Currie, Ian Cameron. "Non invasive assessment of aorto-iliac disease." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281869.
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