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Olojede, Olorunfemi A., Samuel B. Agbola, and Kayode J. Samuel. "Residents’ assessment of local government road infrastructure delivery in Ile-Ife, Nigeria." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 34, no. 4 (June 2019): 346–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094219857044.
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Ensuring adequate provision of municipal infrastructure, utilities and services constitutes a major rationale for the local government administration in Nigeria. This paper examined the road infrastructure delivery performance (provision, maintenance and rehabilitation) of the local administration in the two local government areas of Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Data were obtained with the aid of questionnaire and key-informant interview. Using multistage sampling, 600 residents were surveyed. The key-informant interviews were conducted on three local government senior administrative officers. Descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis were employed in the analysis. The study found that the local administrations in the city lacked autonomy, as they practically advance the cause of the state government. Thus, they could neither initiate nor execute any infrastructure project independently. It was also found that residents in the city were often required to contribute financially towards the construction and maintenance of transport infrastructure in their neighbourhoods. The study concluded that the performance of the local administration in the city was poor in terms of its statutory duty of municipal road infrastructure delivery. Consequently, the paper recommends the enhancement of the overall performance of local administration in Osun State through the granting of full political and financial autonomy to the local government.
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Borrelli, Steve, Corey Johnson, and Lara Cummings. "The ILE project: a scalable option for customized information literacy instruction and assessment." Comminfolit 3, no. 2 (2010): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/comminfolit.2010.3.2.76.
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MANER, CIGDEM, DIDEM TEKSOZ, and SINAN OMACAN. "THE ENCOUNTER OF A HITTITE SPRING SANCTUARY WITH THE PUBLIC: THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE CONSERVATION PROJECT IN İVRİZ." Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Kültür Envanteri Dergisi 20, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 112–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22520/tubaked.2019.20.008.
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Anđelković, Bojan. "From Retrogradism to Post-Gravitational Art and Back." Maska 31, no. 177 (June 1, 2016): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/maska.31.177-178.51_1.
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Dragan Živadinov creates conceptual total works of art that are procedural and processual in nature. At the centre of interest of his art is the spectator, or the gaze, since the essence of this theatre is produced by a constant turning of the perspective. The project(ile) Noordung 1995-2045 has been conceived as a 50-year project to show the instability of the relation between body and technology. It stages itself and thus repeats the drama of the cosmos. A theatre of repetition that again finds the primary (ritual) sense of theatre.
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Lynch, Kathleen A., Adeleye D. Omisore, Olusola Famurewa, Olalekan Olasehinde, Oluwole Odujoko, Jacqueline Vera, T. Peter Kingham, et al. "Designing Participatory Needs Assessments to Support Global Health Interventions in Time-Limited Settings: A Case Study From Nigeria." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 20 (January 1, 2021): 160940692110024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069211002421.
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Social scientists have advocated for the use of participatory research methods for Global Health project design and planning. However, community-engaged approaches can be time and resource-intensive. This article proposes a feasible framework for conducting a participatory needs assessment in time-limited settings using multiple, triangulated qualitative methods. This framework is outlined through a case study: a participatory needs assessment to inform the design of an ultrasound-guided biopsy training program in Nigeria. Breast cancer is the leading cause of death for Nigerian women and most cases in Nigeria are diagnosed at an advanced stage; timely diagnosis is impeded by fractious referral pathways, costly imaging equipment, and limited access outside urban centers. The project involved participant observation, surveys, and focus groups at the African Research Group for Oncology (ARGO) in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Through this timely research and engagement, participants spoke about diagnostic challenges, institutional power dynamics, and infrastructure considerations for program implementation.
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Mitroi, V., A. de Coninck, B. Vinçon-Leite, and J. F. Deroubaix. "Establishing ecological and social continuities: new challenges to optimize urban watershed management." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 364 (September 16, 2014): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-364-416-2014.
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Abstract. The (re)construction of the ecological continuity is stated as one of the main objectives of the European Water Framework Directive for watershed management in Europe. Analysing the social, political, technical and scientific processes characterising the implementation of different projects of ecological continuity in two adjacent peri-urban territories in Ile-de-France, we observed science-driven approaches disregarding the social contexts. We show that, in urbanized areas, ecological continuity requires not only important technical and ecological expertise, but also social and political participation to the definition of a common vision and action plan. Being a challenge for both, technical water management institutions and “classical” ecological policies, we propose some social science contributions to deal with ecological unpredictability and reconsider stakeholder resistance to this kind of project.
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Khadaroo, A. Jameel, and Riad Sultan. "Economic growth and carbon emission in Mauritius: an econometric analysis in the context of the Maurice Ile Durable project." African J. of Economic and Sustainable Development 2, no. 3 (2013): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ajesd.2013.056987.
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Ainian, Alexander Mazarakis. "Archaic Sanctuaries of the Cyclades: Research of the Last Decade." Archaeological Reports 59 (January 2013): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0570608413000124.
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In recent years much progress has been made in the study of the sanctuaries of the Cyclades, both in the field, with new excavations, as well as in restoration projects, and also towards their publication.A research project entitled Sanctuaries and Cults in the Cyclades was approved as part of a research grant attached to the Chaire Internationale Blaise Pascal for 2012/2013 awarded to me by the French state and the Regional Council of Ile-de-France. The project started in October 2012, in collaboration with the University of Paris 1 (Franis Prost) and the École pratique des hautes études (François de Polignac), and is still in progress. I have been assisted by Jean-Sébastien Gros, who designed the related website and database, Yannis Kalliontzis, who is responsible for the compilation of the written sources associated with the cults in the Cyclades (mostly the inscriptions referring to cult and cult places) and Olga Kaklamani who is responsible for compiling the basic bibliography and catalogues of cult places. The chronological scope of the project is restricted to the Geometric and Archaic periods, though the developments of the Classical era are largely taken into account. The Hellenistic and Roman periods have not been included in the compilation of the archaeological data, with the exception of late inscriptions which could refer to possible earlier cults. An interactive website and online database are in preparation and will be launched soon, hosted by the server of the Department of History, Archaeology and Social Anthropology of the University of Thessaly.
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Adekunle, Ure A. "Bacteriological Aspects of Rainwater Harnessed for an Institutional Use – A Case Study." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 10 (October 1, 1986): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0113.
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A high school located in Ile-Ife, Nigeria with a student population of 1,100 was used for a demonstration project of harnessing rainwater and storing it for use throughout the year. Bacteriological analyses of the underground harnessed rainwater and its piped water distribution system were carried out at bi-monthly intervals during the rainy season and three times a month during the dry season. The rainwater catchments and underground storage reservoir were constructed during 1981-1982, and the collection of bacterial parameters initiated after the first rains to establish its pollution pattern. Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, streptococci and coliforms were enumerated. Data collected during the study period indicate few coliforms. There were no faecal coliforms isolated. Rainwater harnessing should be practised for domestic use particularly in the tropical rain forest areas like the southern parts of Nigeria to alleviate shortage of water supply.
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Menut, L., R. Vautard, C. Flamant, C. Abonnel, M. Beekmann, P. Chazette, P. H. Flamant, et al. "Measurements and modelling of atmospheric pollution over the Paris area: an overview of the ESQUIF Project." Annales Geophysicae 18, no. 11 (November 30, 2000): 1467–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-1467-y.
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Abstract. The "Étude et Simulation de la QUalité de l'air en Ile de France" (ESQUIF) project is the first integrated project dedicated to the study of the processes leading to air pollution events over the Paris area. The project was carried out over two years (summer 1998 to winter 2000) to document all types of meteorological conditions favourable to air quality degradation, and in particular to photo oxydant formation. The goals of ESQUIF are (1) to improve our understanding of the relevant chemical and dynamical processes and, in turn, improve their parametrizations in numerical models, and (2) to improve and validate existing models dedicated to pollution analysis, scenarios and/or forecasting, by establishing a comprehensive and thorough database. We present the rationale of the ESQUIF project and we describe the experimental set-up. We also report on the first experiments which took place during the summer of 1998 involving surface networks, and remote sensing instruments as well as several aircraft. Focusing on three days of August 1998, the relative contributions of long-range transported and locally-produced ozone to the elevated ozone concentrations observed during this period are discussed and chemistry-transport model preliminary results on this period are compared to measurements.Key words: Atmospheric composition and structure (pollution – urban and regional; troposphere – composition and chemistry) – Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (mesoscale meteorology)
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Demir, Azize Doğan, and Yasin Demir. "Harran Ovasının Güneydoğusunda Yeraltı Suyu ile Sulama Yapılan Alanlarda Sulama Suyu Kalitesinin Belirlenmesi ve Değerlendirilmesi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 11 (November 22, 2019): 1894. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i11.1894-1900.2855.
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Most of the non-irrigated areas in the southeast of the Harran Plain are irrigated by groundwater. The aim of this study is to determine the importance of 13 underground irrigation water sources operating in the agricultural areas of Ohali village in southeast of Harran Plain in Sanliurfa province in terms of some quality characteristics and irrigation. In this context, the waters belonging to 13 underground wells were analysed and examined in terms of irrigation water quality. According to the results of the analysis, the electrical conductivity of water samples was measured between 1127-4090 µS/cm. The SAR value of irrigation water was found to be between 1.05-3.41 and the %Na value was between 16.2% - 31.8%. In the evaluation made according to four different classification systems, in general, waters 6, 7, 8 and 9 were determined as the worst quality in all classification systems. These waters are described “unsuitable” irrigation water. Considering that the plants which have high water consumption such as cotton and corn are cultivated in the region, it is foreseen that if the necessary precautions are not taken, the salinity in the soil will increase and yield losses will be high. It is imperative that these areas, which cannot be irrigated within the scope of GAP irrigation project, be irrigated with clean water as soon as possible. However, an appropriate drainage system must be installed in the area.
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Keleş, Sadiye, and Özlem Yurt. "Erken çocukluk eğitiminde düşünmeyi görünür kılmak: Görünür düşünme yaklaşımı." Erken Çocukluk Çalışmaları Dergisi 3, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.24130/eccd-jecs.1967201931124.
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Düşünmenin öğretilmesine ilişkin çabalar uzun yıllardır devam etmektedir. Son yıllarda bilimsel araştırmalardan elde edilen bulgular, özellikle öğretmenlerin sahip oldukları çeşitli özelliklerin, düşünmeyi öğretme konusunda kritik değere sahip olduğunu kanıtlamıştır. Bu özellikleri; öğretmenlerin öğretim faaliyetlerinde benimsediği yaklaşımlar, öğretim stratejileri (bireysel ya da iş birliğine dayalı etkinlik tercihleri), sınıf yönetimi yaklaşımları ve düşünmeyi öğretme konusundaki öz-yeterlilik düzeyleri olarak sıralamak mümkündür. Düşünme doğası gereği soyuttur; çocukların düşünme süreçlerinin açık ve izlenebilir hale getirilmesi, hem çocukların kendi öğrenme süreçlerini takip edebilmesi hem de okul ortamında düşünme kültürünün inşa edilmesi açısından önemli görülmektedir. Bu noktada öğretmenlere, çocukların düşünme süreçlerini somutlaştırmalarını sağlayacak çeşitli eğitsel uygulamalar gerçekleştirmelerine yönelik farklı yöntem ve stratejilerin sunulması bu süreci destekleyecektir. Bu çalışmada düşünmenin, çocuk ile etkileşim halindeki tüm bireyler (diğer çocuklar, öğretmenler ve aileler gibi) için görünür olmasını hedefleyen, kısa, tekrarlanabilir, esnek mini stratejiler olan ve Düşünme Rutinleri’nin kullanımını hedefleyen Görünür Düşünme Yaklaşımı hakkında detaylı bilgiler sunulmuştur. Harvard Üniversitesi’nde başlatılmış olan Project Zero’ nun alt projelerinden yalnızca biri olan Görünür Düşünme Yaklaşımı, kişilerin düşünme eğilimlerini harekete geçirecek ve onları düzenleyecek, her eğitim kademesinde kullanılabilen, tekrarlanabilir ve esnek bir öğrenme – öğretme yaklaşımıdır. Bu yaklaşım ile gerçekleştirilen düşünme rutinleri ile okul ya da sınıflarda düşünme kültürünün gelişimini destekleyici çeşitli rutinlere ilişkin sınıf içi örnek uygulamalara yer verilmiştir. Bu uygulamalardan bazıları; Bunu Neden Söylüyorsun?, Düşün/Bul/Keşfet, Düşün/Eşleş/Paylaş, Eskiden………….. Düşünürdüm/Şimdi……Düşünüyorum, Bak/Düşün/Merak Et, Pusula Noktaları, Başlangıç/Orta/Son ve Yakınlaştır’dır.
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Douguet, Jean Marc, Clément Morlat, Fenintsoa Andriamasinoro, and Philippe Lanceleur. "Subjective evaluation of aggregate supply scenarios in the Ile-de-France region with a view to a circular economy: the ANR AGREGA research project." International Journal of Sustainable Development 22, no. 3/4 (2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsd.2019.10027058.
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Douguet, Jean Marc, Clément Morlat, Philippe Lanceleur, and Fenintsoa Andriamasinoro. "Subjective evaluation of aggregate supply scenarios in the Ile-de-France region with a view to a circular economy: the ANR AGREGA research project." International Journal of Sustainable Development 22, no. 3/4 (2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsd.2019.105321.
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Çevik, Mustafa, and Özge Çevik. "Effects of the project-based learning approaches on social skills, academic achievements and problem behaviors of students with mild intellectual disabilityProje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımının hafif düzeyde zihinsel yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin sosyal becerilerine, akademik başarılarına ve problem davranışlarına olan etkisi." Journal of Human Sciences 13, no. 3 (November 21, 2016): 4849. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4195.
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The aim of this study is to determine effects of the project-based learning approaches on Social Skills, Academic achievements and Problem Behaviors of students studying at 3rd grade primary school with Mild Intellectual Disability (MID) in sciences course. The participants of the research consisted of 10 students in Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University from the Faculty of Education Integration Unit Pupa in 3rd grade. In the study, pretest-posttest design, one group of pre-trial model, was used. To the students at the study, The Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) developed by Gresham and Elliot (1990) pretest - posttest was applied. SSRS, social skills and behavior problems that are considered to be associated with these skills of preschool and elementary school students was developed in order to determine their academic qualifications. In SSRS, there are three separate scales: Social Skill Scale, problem behavior subscale and academic achievement scale. To the students in the study, “I and my environment” topic was tauhgt with Project Based Learning Approach (PBLA) for 3 weeks, and the significance of the scores obtained by applying the scale before and after the course was examined. The data were analyzed by using rank test signed non-parametric Wilcoxon on SPSS 16.0 software. At the end of the study, while there was a significant relationship between the scores of the participants’ social skills based on the project-based learning approach, there was no significant correlation between problematic behavior scores. Furthermore there was also a significant difference between the scores of participants’ academic competence. As a result, it can be said that the course tauhgt with PBLA improves social skills and academic achievement of students with MID. Despite the decrease in the problematic behavior scores of the students, no significance was observed. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, fen bilimleri dersinde proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımının ilkokul üçüncü sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan hafif düzeyde zihinsel engele sahip öğrencilerin sosyal becerilerine, akademik başarılarına ve problem davranışlarına olan etkisini tespit etmektir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Pupa Öğrenci Entegrasyon Birimi’ne gelen hafif düzeyde zihinsel engele sahip 10 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada deneme öncesi modellerden tek grup ön test son test deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada öğrencilere Gresham ve Elliot (1990) tarafından geliştirilen, Özok ve Sucuoğlu’nun Türkçe’ye uyarladığı Sosyal Beceri Derecelendirme Sistemi (SBDS) öntest–sontest olarak uygulanmıştır. SBDS, okul öncesi ve ilköğretim öğrencilerinin sosyal becerileri ve bu becerilerle ilişkili olduğu kabul edilen davranış problemleri ile akademik yeterliliklerini belirlemek amacıyla geliştirilmiştir. Sosyal beceri dereceleme sisteminde üç ayrı ölçek bulunmaktadır: Sosyal beceri ölçeği, problem davranış alt ölçeği ve akademik yeterlilik ölçeği. Çalışmada öğrencilere üçüncü sınıf fen bilimleri dersinin “Ben ve Çevrem” konusu proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımı ile 3 hafta boyunca işlenmiş ders öncesinde ve sonrasında ölçek uygulanarak elde edilen puanlar arasındaki anlamlılığa bakılmıştır. Puanlar SPSS 16.0 programında non-parametrik Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımı ile işlenen ders neticesinde katılımcıların sosyal becerilerinin puanlarının arasında anlamlılık bulunurken, problem davranış puanları arasında anlamlılık bulunamamıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların akademik yeterliliklerine ilişkin puanlarının arasında da anlamlılık görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımın hafif düzeyde zihinsel engele sahip öğrencilerin sosyal becerilerine ve akademik yeterliklerine olumlu katkısının olduğu söylenebilir. Öğrencilerin problem davranış puanlarında ise azalma olmasına rağmen anlamlılık bulunmamıştır.
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Topham, Glade L., Isaac J. Washburn, Laura Hubbs-Tait, Tay S. Kennedy, Julie M. Rutledge, Melanie C. Page, Taren Swindle, Lenka H. Shriver, and Amanda W. Harrist. "The Families and Schools for Health Project: A Longitudinal Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Targeting Children with Overweight and Obesity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 19, 2021): 8744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168744.
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This cluster randomized controlled trial aimed at overweight and obese children compared three treatments. Two psychoeducation interventions for parents and children were conducted: Family Lifestyle (FL) focused on food and physical activity; Family Dynamics (FD) added parenting and healthy emotion management. A third Peer Group (PG) intervention taught social acceptance to children. Crossing interventions yielded four conditions: FL, FL + PG, FL + FD, and FL + FD + PG—compared with the control. Longitudinal BMI data were collected to determine if family- and peer-based psychosocial components enhanced the Family Lifestyle approach. Participants were 1st graders with BMI%ile >75 (n = 538: 278 boys, 260 girls). Schools were randomly assigned to condition after stratifying for community size and percent American Indian. Anthropometric data were collected pre- and post-intervention in 1st grade and annually through 4th grade. Using a two-level random intercept growth model, intervention status predicted differences in growth in BMI or BMI-M% over three years. Children with obesity who received the FL + FD + PG intervention had lower BMI gains compared to controls for both raw BMI (B = −0.05) and BMI-M% (B = −2.36). Interventions to simultaneously improve parent, child, and peer-group behaviors related to physical and socioemotional health offer promise for long-term positive impact on child obesity.
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Saben, Jessica, Clark Sims, Lindsay Pack, Renny Lan, and Aline Andres. "Infant Intakes of Human Milk Amino Acids Are Associated With Maternal Obesity and Infant Growth." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_107.
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Abstract Objectives Branched chain amino acids (AA) (BCAAs: leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile), and valine) and aromatic AA (AAAs: phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr)) have been hypothesized to take part in early-life metabolic programing. To date studies testing the effect of early-life AA consumption on metabolic programing have been focused on formula milk proteins, where increased consumption was associated with obesity risk. However, a knowledge gap exists regarding how variations in human milk (HM) free AA concentrations might impact child growth. Here, we aimed to characterize HM free AA concentrations and infant intakes of HM AAs from women with obesity (OB) compared to those with normal weight (NW). We hypothesized that infants born to women with OB would consume greater amounts of HM BCAAs and AAAs, which would be positively associated with their growth. Methods HM samples were collected at 0.5 months (0.5M; n = 151), 2 months (2M; n = 129), and 6 months (6M; n = 93) postpartum from NW (body mass index (BMI) = 18.5 – 24.9 kg/m2) and OB (BMI > 30 kg/m2) mothers. HM free AA were quantified at each timepoint via mass spectrometry. Infant HM intake, anthropometrics and body composition were assessed at each timepoint. Linear mixed effect models examined the relationships between maternal BMI and HM AA composition, HM AA intake, and infant growth over the first 6Ms postpartum. Models were adjusted for maternal race, breastfeeding exclusivity, infant sex and infant age. Results Concentrations of Ile, Leu, and AAAs were higher (p < 0.05) across all timepoints in HM from women with OB compared to those with NW. Infant intakes, normalized to kg body weight, of these AAs were only significantly higher at 2M. Maternal BMI was negatively associated (p < 0.05) with infant intakes of HM asparagine, cystine, and histidine and positively associated with Ile, Leu, and AAAs intakes across timepoints. Infant intakes of HM Ile (b = −0.083), Leu (b = −0.045), and proline (b = -0.024) were negative predictors of infant weight-for-age z-scores over the first 6M postpartum (p < 0.05). Conclusions Maternal obesity is associated with increased BCAA and AAA infant exposures over the first 6M of life. However, the impact of these AAs on infant growth are not consistent with observations made with infant formulas. Funding Sources USDA ARS Project # 6026-51,000-010-05S and 6026-51,000-012-06S.
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UYSAL, ALİ FATİH, and HANDAN AKYİĞİT. "Tüketim Toplumlarında Kentsel Dönüşüm Projelerinin ve Çevre-Toplum Anlayışının Sosyolojik Analizi / A Sociological Analysis of the Urban Transformation Projects and the Perception of the Environment and Society in the Consumption Societies." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 1, no. 4 (January 29, 2013): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v1i4.110.
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İnsanoğlu var olduğundan bu yana sürekli olarak doğal çevre ile etkileşim içerisinde olmuştur. İlk dönemlerde insanlar çevrenin bir parçası olan insan, daha sonra onu kirletir hale gelmiştir. Son zamanlarda çevreyle ilgili artan sorunları giderebilmek için sürdürülebilir kalkınma/gelişme adı altında birçok proje geliştirilmesine rağmen, çalışmaların yetersiz kaldığı gözlenmektedir. Bunun en önemli nedeni ise insan-doğa ilişkilerinin pazar mekanizması içerisinde düzenlenmesi, arazi kullanmada verimlilik-sosyal adalet-çevre korunması üçlüsündeki bilinen çelişkiyi doğurmasıdır. Örneğin, Türkiye’de kentsel alanları şekillendiren 3194 sayılı imar kanunu ile ortak amaçları olan 5393 sayılı Belediye Kanunu’nda, belediyelerin kentsel fiziki kalitenin yüksek değerlerde olmasına yönelik çalışmalar yapması gerektiği vurgulanmıştır. Bu kapsamda günümüzde yoğun gündem konusu olan kentsel dönüşümün vadettiği kentsel çevre ile mevcut olan sosyal-kültürel değişim karşılaştırılmalı olarak ele alınmıştır. Araştırma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölüm, insan-çevre ilişkilerinin kısa bir tarihi, bu ilişkilerin geliştiği kavramsal çerçeveyi kapsamaktadır. İkinci bölümde, sosyolojik analizlerde ortaya çıkan, insan ve toplum üzerine çevre etmenlerinin etkisinin de vurgulanmaya başlamasını sağlayan geleneksel insan merkezli çevre anlayışından, doğa merkezli çevre anlayışına geçiş süreci üzerinde durulmuştur. Üçüncü bölümde ise, kamuoyunda çokça konuşulan kentsel dönüşüm projelerinin, çevreye duyarlı bir medeniyet inşası sürecinde, merkezi idare ve yerel idarelerin insanların en büyük tüketim mekânı olan kentsel alan yapılanmalarıyla birlikte ekonomik kalkınma modellerinde göz ardı edilen ve kayıp halka olarak tanımladığımız çevre ve toplum ilişkisi analiz edilmiştir. Böylelikle tüketim toplumlarında kentsel dönüşüm projelerinin yaratmış olduğu sosyal değişim süreci ortaya konularak, sağlıklı, uzun vadeli, başarılı sürdürülebilir bir çevre modelinin gelişmesi için gerekli olan faktörlerin kurumsal ve teorik alt yapısı oluşturulmuştur. A Sociological Analysis of the Urban Transformation Projects and the Perception of the Environment and Society in the Consumption Societies Since his creation, human beings have always been in interaction with the natural environment. This has been a direct result of the life activities as human being was a part of the ecosystem in the first ages. However, constantly increasing population, together with developing technology, has caused changes within the ecosystem. The mentioned fact which needs to be considered in the human and nature relations brings out the problem of how the nonrenewable and unenrichable soil and its complementary parts, namely air, water and plants will take form, or rather should be formed as balanced. Although numerous projects titled 'sustainable development’ have recently been developed to solve the grooving problems concerning the environment, these works are seen insufficient. The most important reason for this situation is the fact that the human-nature relations are organized within the marketing system and thus they lead to well-known contradiction regarding the trio of productivity, social justice and environmental protection in the use of land. For example; in Turkey, the Building Law Code 3194 and the Municipality Law Code 5393, both aiming to form the urban areas, emphasize that the municipalities have to work to upgrade the physical quality of the cities. In this regard, this study deals with the urban environment which 'the urban transformation project’ vows and the current socio-cultural change in comparison with each other. Moving from that point, the study has examined numerous studies, about the urban transformation and its environmental problems through a sociological point of view. By this study, the social transformation process created by the urban transformation projects in the consumption societies is presented.
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Hosseinian, Seyedmohammadhossein, and Kenneth F. Reinschmidt. "Finding Best Model to Forecast Construction Duration of Road Tunnels with New Austrian Tunneling Method Using Bayesian Inference." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2522, no. 1 (January 2015): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2522-11.
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Forecasting project final duration (i.e., time at completion) is crucial to project risk management and is always sought by project managers during the construction period. Because of a strong correlation between past and future performances in linear projects, past progress data are the best source of information to forecast final duration of this type of project, including tunneling projects constructed by the new Austrian tunneling method (NATM). Bayesian inference is a robust probabilistic approach that can provide accurate forecasts of final duration based on a project's past performance. However, results of research in this field have shown that selecting an appropriate model, which represents the unknown pattern of the project's actual progress well, is the most challenging and subjective part of this approach. Effective risk management necessitates looking for the best model that can forecast project final duration accurately and precisely, especially early in the project. This research was aimed at finding a best progress model for NATM tunneling projects by conducting Bayesian analysis on available data of a massive project, the Niayesh highway tunnel in Iran. The analysis showed that the dual Gompertz function (with flexible lower asymptote) was the most reliable model for this purpose. The results of this research bring advantages to the planning and risk management of NATM tunneling projects, which are discussed in this paper, and can be very useful for future NATM tunnel constructions.
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Coşkun, Anahit Margirit, Leman Şenturan, Gülsen Çayır, and Eda Yakıt. "Socialsensitivity development about the problem of childbridesÇocuk gelinler sorununa toplumsal duyarlılık geliştirme." International Journal of Human Sciences 13, no. 1 (February 24, 2016): 1107. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v13i1.3583.
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The aim of the study was to raise awareness among university students through informing about child brides, which is an important women's health issue in the world and in our country and to contribute to the development of their social responsibility awareness. This qualitative descriptive study was conducted between May 2014 and May 2015 with 30 university student volunteers and 1252 individuals they reached after obtaining their informed consent. In the first stage of the study, an interactive training program was implemented by the expert team. Visual, written documents and documentation forms they would use were introduced and these materials were given to volunteers. In the second stage, students were asked to give education to 15 individuals and 10 groups in their environment during their summer holiday. In the final stage, focus group discussion (FGD) was performed to determine the experiences of students who participated in the study and their views on the project. Quantitative data were evaluated using percentage and mean values on computer, while qualitative data were evaluated by thematic analysis. It was determined that, students gave totally 377 individual counseling and 136 group education. In the results of the FGD, students stated that they found the training program adequate, satisfying and comprehensive and that they found themselves competent enough to take their shyness away. The idea that the project reached its goal was shared, and it was stated that the people they informed were impressed and their awareness were increased. ÖzetÇalışmamız, dünyada ve ülkemizde önemli bir kadın sağlığı sorunu olan çocuk gelinler konusunda üniversite öğrencilerini bilgilendirerek farkındalıklarını artırmak, sosyal sorumluluk bilinci geliştirmelerine katkıda bulunmak amacıyla yapıldı. Mayıs 2014-Mayıs 2015 tarihleri arasında kalitatif tipte tanımlayıcı yöntemle gerçekleştirilen çalışma, gönüllü ve onamları alınan 30 üniversite öğrencisi ve ulaştıkları 1252 birey ile yürütüldü. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, uzman ekip tarafından interaktif eğitim programı uygulandı. Kullanacakları görsel, yazılı dokümanlar, kayıt formları tanıtıldı, bu materyallerden verildi. İkinci aşamada, öğrencilerin yaz tatilinde bulundukları ortamlarda 15 bireysel, 10 grup eğitimi yapmaları istendi. Son aşamada, araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaşadıkları deneyimlerini, proje hakkındaki görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla odak grup tartışması (OGT) yapıldı. Nicel veriler, bilgisayar ortamında yüzdelik ve ortalamalar ile nitel veriler ise tematik analiz yapılarak değerlendirildi. Öğrencilerin, toplam 377 bireysel danışmanlık, 136 grup eğitimi yaptıkları belirlendi. OGT sonuçlarında ise öğrenciler, eğitim programını yeterli, doyurucu ve kapsamlı bulduklarından kendilerini donanımlı görüp çekingenliklerini attıklarını ifade ettiler. Projenin amacına ulaştığı görüşü paylaşılırken, bilgilendirdikleri bireylerin etkilendikleri ve farkındalıklarının arttığı belirtildi.
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Enç, Volkan, and Musa Kasırga. "Depo Gazı Enerji Üretim Tesisi Baca Gazı Atık Isısının Seralarda Değerlendirilmesi: İstanbul Örneği / Utilization of Waste Heat in Energy Production Plant from Landfill Gas at Greenhouses Case Study in Istanbul." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 1, no. 4 (January 1, 2013): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v1i4.117.
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Evsel atık düzenli depolama sahaları kullanım ömrü dolduktan sonra yararlı kullanım alanları sınırlı sahalardır. Çoğunlukla yeşil alan olarak kullanılan bu yerler ekonomik ve çevresel anlamda atıl durumda bulunmaktadır. Depolama sahalarının İstanbul gibi arazi sıkıntısı çeken bir şehirde yararlı amaçlar için kullanılması elzemdir. Depolama sonrası sahalarda metan gazı oluşmakta ve farklı yöntemlerle kontrol altına alınmaktadır. Bu gazların toplanması, taşınması ve özel motorlarda yakılması ile elektrik enerjisi üretilmektedir. Tesislerde gazın yakılması, depo gazı içerisinde bulunan CH4 (metan) gazının CO2’e indirgenmesini sağlayarak sera etkisini azaltmakta, elektrik enerjisi üreterek ekonomiye katkı sağlamaktadır. Çevresel ve ekonomik yarar göz önüne alındığında, depo gazından enerji üretim tesislerinde, enerji üretiminde mümkün olabilecek maksimum verime ulaşılmalıdır. Bu düşünce ile bakıldığında, depo gazı enerji üretim tesisinde oluşan atık ısının değerlendirilemeden atmosfere verilmesi önemli bir sorun olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Oldukça yüksek debi ve sıcaklığa sahip bu ısı, enerji bakımından önemli bir potansiyele sahiptir. Bu sıcaklıktaki ve debideki ısının değerlendirilmeden atmosfere verilmesi, çevreyi olumsuz etkilemesinin yanında ekonomik kayıplara yol açmaktadır. Seralarda mevsimlik çiçek üretimi, maliyeti yüksek bir faaliyettir. Maliyetlerin önemli bir kısmını sera ısıtılması ve gübre kullanımı oluşturmaktadır. Isıtma işlemi için Türkiye’nin büyük bir bölümünde kömür ve doğalgaz kullanılmaktadır. Kışın seraların ısıtılması için kullanılan fosil yakıtların hem maliyeti yüksek, hem de çevresel standardı düşüktür. Bu çalışma, İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (İSTKA) tarafından desteklenen Depo Gazı Enerji Üretim Tesisi Atık Isının ve Kompostun Seralarda Kullanımı Projesi kapsamında yürütülmüştür. Bu kapsamda; çevre, tarım ve enerji sektörü için, atık ısı ve atık maddelerin değerlendirilmesini içeren çevresel ve ekonomik açıdan sürdürülebilir eko yenilikçi bir sistemin oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada İBB Odayeri Düzenli Depolama Sahasında depo gazından elektrik enerjisi üretim tesisinden çıkan baca gazının değerlendirilmesine ve mevsimlik çiçek üretim serasının kurulmasına ilişkin süreçler yer almaktadır. Kurulması düşünülen seranın ısıl hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Yapımda kullanılacak her malzemenin sebep olduğu ısı kayıpları ve hacim kaynaklı hava değişimine bağlı ısıl kayıplar göz önüne alınarak gerekli ısı miktarı belirlenmiştir. Depo Gazı Enerji Üretim Tesisinden elektrik üretim faaliyeti sonucu egzoz gazı atmosfere verilmektedir. Bu gazın değerlendirilmesi için baca gazı emisyon ölçümü ve analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre yaklaşık 470 °C sıcaklıktaki gazın geri kazanımı için gerekli ısıl hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Egzoz gazının emisyon ölçümü için CO, CO2, O2, SO2, NO, NO2 ve NOx Tayini Elektrokimyasal Hücre Metodu ile, Bacada Hız ve Debi Tayini ise S Tipi Pitot Tüpü ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bacalarda oluşan atık ısının kullanımı için sistem alternatifleri araştırılmıştır. Proje ile ilgili olarak hava-su ısı değiştiriciler incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçları ve seranın ihtiyacı olan enerji miktarına göre ekonomizer ya da eşanjör ölçüleri hesaplanmış, malzeme çeşidi tespit edilmiş, sistemin dizaynı ve imalatı yapılmıştır. Atık ısı geri kazanım ünitesinde ısıtılan su, pompalar vasıtasıyla seraya iletilecektir. Isı İletim sistemi ısı kayıpları minimuma düşürecek şekilde dizayn edilecek, sera içinde bulunan otomasyon sistemi vasıtasıyla ihtiyaç duyulan zaman dilimlerinde seraya sıcak su beslemesi yapılacaktır. Odayeri Düzenli Depolama Sahasında uygun alan tespiti ve yetiştirilecek ürün tespiti yapıldıktan sonra sera kurulumuna geçilmiştir. Seralarda yetiştirilecek ürünler için uygun koşulların sağlanması için iklimlendirme, sulama ve gübreleme sistemi dizayn edilmiş ve sistemlerin tamamı tam otomasyonlu yapılmıştır. Depo gazı Enerji Üretim Tesisinde depo gazı yakılarak elektrik enerjisi üretiminde kullanılmakta, çok yüksek sıcaklıkta baca gazı atmosfere verilmektedir. Bu gazın değerlendirilmesinin önemli ekonomik faydalar sağlayacağı tespit edilmiştir. Seracılık, ülkemizde ve dünyada önemli bir tarım faaliyeti olmakta ve bu sürecin gelişimde ısıtma maliyeti önemli bir kısıt olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Ülkemizde ısıtmaya bağlı olarak seracılık sıcak iklim bölgelerinde ve jeotermal enerjiye sahip bölgelerde yapılabilmektedir. Kış ısıtması genel itibari ile yetersiz kalmakta ya da hiç yapılamamaktadır. Proje sonucunda ortaya konan sistem, atık yönetiminin önemli sıkıntılarına çözümler getirmektedir. Belediyeler ve çok farklı sektörlerden işletmeler için problem teşkil eden atıl durumdaki depolama sahaları, değerlendirilemeyen atık ısı, seracılık alan sıkıntısı, sera ısıtma giderleri ve işsizlik gibi konular proje sayesinde bütüncül bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Utilization of Waste Heat in Energy Production Plant from Landfill Gas at Greenhouses Case Study in Istanbul After the lifetime of regular landfill ended, the rest of useful field becomes very limited. This areas used for green field are inactive in terms of environmental respect. The usage of the storage fields is critical for Istanbul where the empty lands are limited. Methane comes out from landfill and is controlled with different methods. Electricity is generated after the process of collecting, transferring, and burning of methane gas. Consuming methane gas in the plants leads to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases by conversion of methane to carbon dioxide, and increase economic benefits by energy generation. Considering the environmental and economic benefits, maximum efficiency of the production plant should be aimed. Therefore, exposition of waste heat created in the plant to air is a serious problem. This high capacity heat has a potential. Otherwise, it will cause environmental problems in addition to economical lose. Seasonal flower raise in greenhouse is a high cost business. The biggest portion of this cost is caused by heating and use of fertilizer. Coal and natural gas are used to heat the greenhouses. Fossil fuels used for this goal are costly and not environmentally friendly. This work is involved in the project of Use of waste heat produced at energy production plant in greenhouses supported by the Istanbul Development Agency. Goal of this project is to create a system that has environmental and economic benefits based on the utilization of waste material and heat in agriculture and energy sectors. In this project, the process of utilization of waste gas emerged in the IBB Odayeri Landfill, and establishment of seasonal flower greenhouses. Heat calculations of proposed greenhouse have been performed. The required amount of heat has been determined considering the heat loss of each material, and volume based heat loss caused by air change. Flue Gas emission has been as a result of electricity generation from landfill gas. Flue Gas emission measurement and analysis are done for the evaluation of landfill gas. Thermal calculations for the recovery of gas at 470 ° C are done. Exhaust gas emissions of CO, CO2, O2, SO2, NO, NO2 and NOx are determined with Electrochemical Cell Method while Speed and Flow Determination in chimney was carried out with the S-Type Pitot Tube Method. System alternatives for the use of the waste heat from chimneys and Air-water heat exchangers are investigated. Economizer, heat exchanger dimensions and material types are determined by considering the results of the analysis and the amount of the energy needed. Water which is heated by waste heat recovery unit will be delivered to the greenhouse by pumps. Heat transmission system designed to minimize the heat losses. The optimal hot water supply will be provided by the automation system in the greenhouse. After identification of product which will be grown and installation area of the hothouse, the installation has started. Fully automated air conditioning, irrigation and fertilization system have been designed to ensure the proper conditions for products proposed to grown in greenhouse. High temperature flue gas emission is provided from Landfill Gas Energy Production Plant. Significant economic benefits will be gained with evaluation of this gas. Greenhouses, in our country and around the world become an important agricultural activity and heating costs appears to be the biggest constraint for the development of this sector. Considering the heating process greenhouse are installed in geothermal areas and hot climate regions of our country. In winter heating generally inadequate or cannot be done at all. This project brings many solutions for the waste management problems. Unused landfill areas, unvalued waste heat, greenhouse area shortages, and unemployment issues of municipalities and businesses are discussed in a holistic manner in this project.
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Serefoğlu, Coskun, and Mutlu Yılmaz. "Euphrates and Tigris rivers from the perspectives of the experts working on transboundary water management Sınıraşan akarsuların yönetimi konusunda çalışan uzmanların bakış açısından Dicle ve Fırat nehirleri." Journal of Human Sciences 16, no. 1 (January 12, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v16i1.5432.
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The objective of this study is to analyse Euphrates-Tigris basins, which across Turkey, Iraq and Syria, one of the most important transboundary waters of the world from the perspectives of the experts working on transboundary water management. With this purpose, a method which aims to determine and analyze the viewpoints of policy makers, think-tank institutions, experts and the authorities on river management. What kind of transboundary water management techniques could be applied for the basin was eventually searched. The study is based on secondary sources and the method adopted is a case study and descriptive studies. Turkey has five transboundary water basins, one of which Euphrates-Tigris basin has the water potential of 52,940 billion/meter3 that corresponds to 28.5 % of Turkey’s flow potential. The first agreements on Euphrates-Tigris rivers in between Turkey and Iraq and Turkey and Syria were made in 1946 and in 1987, respectively. One of the most challenging issue in Euphrates-Tigris rivers is the dams which have been constructed during the project period of Southeastern Development project. Another discussion point comes from definition for Euphrates-Tigris rivers from both sides. Turkey sees Euphrates-Tigris rivers as “Transboundary water” by highlighting three countries only negotiate it while Both Syria and Iraq defines it as “International water”. In general, it is quite important to make a collaboration process among three countries regarding cooperation and good governance. Also, preparing of the action plans for the future of the region, with a wide range of stakeholders will enhance cooperation among countries and facilitate financial contribution of relevant institutions on water management.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye, Irak ve Suriye sınırlarından geçen ve Dünyanın en önemli sınır aşan akarsulardan olan Fırat ve Dicle nehirlerini sınır aşan akarsuların yönetimi konusunda çalışan uzmanların bakış açısından incelemektir. Bu amaçla bu üç ülkede akarsuların yönetimi konusunda çalışan uzmanların düşüncelerinin tespiti ve analizi yoluna gidilmiştir. Sonuçta adı geçen sınır aşan akarsuların ne tür bir sınır aşan su yönetimi ile yönetilmesi gerektiği sorusuna cevap bulunmasına çalışılmıştır. Çalışma durum çalışması ve betimsel analiz yöntemleri yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda ikincil kaynaklardan ve yarı yapılandırılmış mülakatlardan elde edilen bilgi ve görüşlerin analizine dayanmaktadır. Türkiye’nin beş sınıraşan akarsu su havzası bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan en büyüğü 52 940 milyar m3 su potansiyeli ile Türkiye’nin akarsu akış potensiyelinin % 28,5’ini teşkil eden Fırat- Dicle Havzası’dır. Bu akarsu havzasının yönetimi konusunda Türkiye-Irak ve Türkiye-Suriye ülkeleri arasında ilk anlaşmalar sırasıyla 1946 ve 1987 yıllarında yapılmıştır. Güneydoğu Anadolu Projesi kapsamında inşa edilen barajlar dolayısıyle adı geçen ülkeler havzanın akarsu kaynaklarının yönetimi konusunda sorun yaşamaya başlamışlardır. Diğer yandan taraflar akarsu kaynaklarının yönetimi konusunda tanımlama farkından ileri gelen sorunlar da yaşamaktadırlar. Türkiye, Dicle ve Fırat nehirlerini “Sınıraşan Su” olarak görüp, bu nehirlerin kullanımı ile ilgili yalnızca üç ülkenin müzakere edebileceği görüşünü savunurken, hem Suriye hem de Irak sözkonusu nehirleri “Uluslararası Su” olarak kabul etmektedirler. Bu akarsu havzalarının taraf olan üç ülke tarafından işbirliği ve iyi yönetişim temelinde yönetilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Ayrıca, bölgenin geleceği için hazırlanacak olan eylem planlarının paydaşlar tarafından geniş katılımla hazırlanması, ülkeler arasındaki işbirliğini artıracak ve akarsu yönetimi konusunda ilgili kurumların finansal katkısını hızlandıracaktır.
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Ingason, Helgi Þór, Þórður Víkingur Friðgeirsson, and Haukur Ingi Jónasson. "Project Management in Iceland and Beyond: Expected Future Trends for Project Management and the Project Management Profession - Paper 3 of 3." Icelandic Journal of Engineering 25 (December 16, 2019): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.33112/ije.25.4.
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In this third paper under the heading Project management in Iceland, future trends in the project management and within the project management profession are investigated and benchmarked against recent research in Germany on the same topic. Fourteen interrelated future trends were identified but neither prioritized nor relatively weighted. To detect the most important future trends of project management in Iceland, a two-round Delphi survey was arranged to rank them according to significance. The four most important future trends are: (1) Project-oriented organizations; (2) Project management being acknowledged and discussed in corporate boardrooms; (3) Increased complexity and how this affects projects, and (4) Professionalization of project management. An expert focus group was established to elaborate on these future trends.
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Elbatarny, Malak, Shamim Mollah, Julie Grabell, Margaret L. Rand, Dewi S. Clark, Andreas Mauer, Pamela A. Christopherson, et al. "Normal Range Of Bleeding Scores For The ISTH-BAT: Adult and Pediatric Data From The Merging Project." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 1107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.1107.1107.
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Abstract Background Challenges in reporting subjective hemorrhagic symptoms consistently has led to the need for standardized, quantitative Bleeding Assessment Tools (BATs), some of which assign Bleeding Scores (BSs). The ISTH-BAT (International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis – Bleeding Assessment Tool (Rodeghiero et al JTH 2010; 8:2063)) aimed to consolidate and optimize advances made by its predecessors, which were based on the 2005 “Vicenza Bleeding Questionnaire”. It is important to note, however, that the scoring systems differ among the BATs, with each bleeding symptom scored from 0 to +3 for the original Vicenza, -1 to +4 for the MCMDM-1VWD and Condensed MCMDM-1VWD Bleeding Questionnaires and the PBQ (Pediatric Bleeding Questionnaire), and 0 to +4 for the ISTH-BAT. As a result, the normal ranges of BSs vary among questionnaires. To date, the normal range for the ISTH-BAT has not been established; the objective of this study was to determine the normal range of bleeding scores for the ISTH-BAT for both adults and pediatric patients. Patients and Methods BS data from different studies, originally generated using 4 different Vicenza-based BATs, were compiled using a bioinformatics system created to facilitate the collation and analysis using different scoring systems. Demographic and BS data, along with blood group, VWF:Ag/VWF:RCo/FVIII:C (when available) were collected from all enrolled subjects. Data were derived from multiple studies; all defined normal subjects as those without a known problem with bleeding or bruising. All BATs were expert-administered. The normal range for both adults and pediatrics was determined by: 1) removing outliers > 3 SD away from the mean and then, 2) selecting the mid-95th %ile. Results 1,422 normal subjects were included (adult: n=1,079, pediatric: n=343). Adult data were collected using MCMDM-1VWD (n=294), Condensed MCMDM-1VWD (n=660), and ISTH-BAT (n=125), while pediatric data were collected using PBQ (n=324) and ISTH-BAT (n=19). 48 adults were removed from the analysis because they had BSs > 6.3, (i.e., >3 SD away from the mean), leaving n=1,031 for determination of the normal range. For children, BSs > 3.5 were judged to be outliers and therefore 18 children were removed, leaving n=325 children for determination of the normal range. The remaining adults had a mean age of 43 yrs (range 18 – 88) with 695 females and 336 males. The remaining children had a mean age of 9 yrs (range 0.4 – 17 yrs), with 169 females and 156 males. The relationship between BSs and demographic and lab data are given in Table 1. For the ISTH-BAT, the normal range of BSs was 0 - 4 in adults (meaning that for individuals 18 yrs or older, a BS 5 or greater is positive or abnormal) and 0 - 2 in children (meaning that for individuals < 18 yrs, a BS 3 or greater is positive or abnormal). Conclusion The newly established normal BS ranges can now be used to objectively assess the bleeding symptoms of individuals by administration of the ISTH-BAT. They also highlight the strength of merging existing datasets to generate meaningful results. By making these data accessible to all investigators using the web-based ISTH-BAT system housed at Rockefeller University we hope to aid investigators initiating new studies and facilitate correlating bleeding symptoms with genotypic, molecular, and environmental data. Disclosures: Mauer: CSL Behring: Honoraria. James:CSL Behring: Honoraria, Research Funding; Octapharma: Honoraria, Research Funding; Baxter: Honoraria; Bayer: Honoraria.
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Işık, İdil, and Emel Seven Bozçam. "Being trainer in civil society: The motivational effect of trainers’ individual characteristics and structural job characteristics of training projectsSivil toplum alanında eğitmenlik: Eğitimci motivasyonunu etkileyen bireysel özellikler ve eğitim projelerinin yapısal iş özellikleri." Journal of Human Sciences 13, no. 1 (April 23, 2016): 2247. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v13i1.3738.
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The aim of this research is to understand the motivation of trainers who work in civil society as one of the most influential actor of the sector and take important roles in lifelong learning programs and non-formal training projects. The individual characteristics and the features of job structure that trigger the trainers to work in civil society are investigated. Since we didn’t meet any study on this issue in the local literature, the qualitative methodology was preferred in order to investigate research question in the context of Turkey. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews with 11 trainers. The inductive qualitative data analysis was applied to transcribed interviews and MAXQDA 11 was used as qualitative data analysis software. Results showed that trainers’ self-construal based on their role in civil society is one of the individual characteristics that directs trainers to work in civil arena. Trainers’ behavioral competencies like adaptation and team working; and technical competencies like being able to use training methods and tools effectively are other themes under individual characteristics that motivate trainers. Basic individual values like sensitivity to social problems, worldview from the angle of human rights and democracy, and scientific approach were observed as the factors that lead people to work in civil organizations. The structural characteristics of training program like the project topic, target groups, and relationship within the team were among the dimensions of job structure. Moreover, frequency of training delivery, time pressure, and compensations were salient themes of working conditions in training projects. In this paper, the effect of all these factors on trainers’ motivation to involve in the civil society training projects is going to be discussed. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı sivil toplum alanının en etkili aktörlerinden biri olan ve yaygın eğitim çalışmalarında önemli roller üstlenen sivil alan eğitmenlerinin çalışma motivasyonlarının anlaşılmasıdır. Hangi bireysel özelliklerin ve işin yapısından kaynaklanan hangi unsuların eğitmenleri sivil alanda çalışmaya yönelttiği incelenmektedir. Ulusal literatürde bu konuda bir çalışmaya rastlanmadığından, özellikle araştırma sorusunun Türkiye bağlamında anlaşılması için nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Onbir sivil alan eğitmeni ile yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deşifre edilen görüşmeler üzerinde tümevarıma dayalı içerik analizi uygulanmış, nitel veri analizi programı olarak da MAXQDA 11 kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, bireyin benlik tanımlamasını sivil alanda üstlendiği eğitmenlik rolü üzerinden yapmasının, bireysel tetikleyicilerden birisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Eğitmenlerin adaptasyon, takım çalışması gibi davranışsal yetkinlikleri ile eğitim yöntem ve araçlarına hâkimiyeti gibi teknik yetkinlikleri diğer bireysel özelliklerdir. Son olarak, toplumsal sorunlara duyarlılık, hak ve demokrasi temelli dünya görüşü, bilimsel yaklaşım gibi temel değerler de kişileri sivil alanda çalışmaya güdüleyen unsurlardır. Sivil toplum eğitmenlerinin yürüttükleri eğitim programının yapısı, yani, projenin türü, konusu, hedef kitle ve ekip içindeki ilişkiler gibi özellikler, işin yapısal özellikleri arasında yer almaktadır. Eğitimi verme sıklığı, zaman kısıtları ve ücretlendirme gibi unsurlar da eğitim projesindeki çalışma koşulları kapsamında görüşmelerde öne çıkan temalar arasındadır. Bu makalede, bu unsurların eğitmenlerin motivasyonu üzerindeki etkileri tartışılacaktır.
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Flamant, C., P. Knippertz, A. H. Fink, A. Akpo, B. Brooks, C. J. Chiu, H. Coe, et al. "The Dynamics–Aerosol–Chemistry–Cloud Interactions in West Africa Field Campaign: Overview and Research Highlights." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-16-0256.1.
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Abstract The European Union (EU)-funded project Dynamics–Aerosol–Chemistry–Cloud Interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) investigates the relationship between weather, climate, and air pollution in southern West Africa—an area with rapid population growth, urbanization, and an increase in anthropogenic aerosol emissions. The air over this region contains a unique mixture of natural and anthropogenic gases, liquid droplets, and particles, emitted in an environment in which multilayer clouds frequently form. These exert a large influence on the local weather and climate, mainly owing to their impact on radiation, the surface energy balance, and thus the diurnal cycle of the atmospheric boundary layer. In June and July 2016, DACCIWA organized a major international field campaign in Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, and Nigeria. Three supersites in Kumasi, Savè, and Ile-Ife conducted permanent measurements and 15 intensive observation periods. Three European aircraft together flew 50 research flights between 27 June and 16 July 2016, for a total of 155 h. DACCIWA scientists launched weather balloons several times a day across the region (772 in total), measured urban emissions, and evaluated health data. The main objective was to build robust statistics of atmospheric composition, dynamics, and low-level cloud properties in various chemical landscapes to investigate their mutual interactions. This article presents an overview of the DACCIWA field campaign activities as well as some first research highlights. The rich data obtained during the campaign will be made available to the scientific community and help to advance scientific understanding, modeling, and monitoring of the atmosphere over southern West Africa.
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Lorenzon, Roberta, Encarnita Mariotti-Ferrandiz, Caroline Aheng, Claire Ribet, Ferial Toumi, Fabien Pitoiset, Wahiba Chaara, et al. "Clinical and multi-omics cross-phenotyping of patients with autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases: the observational TRANSIMMUNOM protocol." BMJ Open 8, no. 8 (August 2018): e021037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021037.
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IntroductionAutoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs) represent a socioeconomic burden as the second cause of chronic illness in Western countries. In this context, the TRANSIMMUNOM clinical protocol is designed to revisit the nosology of AIDs by combining basic, clinical and information sciences. Based on classical and systems biology analyses, it aims to uncover important phenotypes that cut across diagnostic groups so as to discover biomarkers and identify novel therapeutic targets.Methods and analysisTRANSIMMUNOM is an observational clinical protocol that aims to cross-phenotype a set of 19 AIDs, six related control diseases and healthy volunteers . We assembled a multidisciplinary cohort management team tasked with (1) selecting informative biological (routine and omics type) and clinical parameters to be captured, (2) standardising the sample collection and shipment circuit, (3) selecting omics technologies and benchmarking omics data providers, (4) designing and implementing a multidisease electronic case report form and an omics database and (5) implementing supervised and unsupervised data analyses.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the institutional review board of Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (ethics committee Ile-De-France 48–15) and done in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and good clinical practice. Written informed consent is obtained from all participants before enrolment in the study. TRANSIMMUNOM’s project website provides information about the protocol (https://www.transimmunom.fr/en/) including experimental set-up and tool developments. Results will be disseminated during annual scientific committees appraising the project progresses and at national and international scientific conferences.DiscussionSystems biology approaches are increasingly implemented in human pathophysiology research. The TRANSIMMUNOM study applies such approach to the pathophysiology of AIDs. We believe that this translational systems immunology approach has the potential to provide breakthrough discoveries for better understanding and treatment of AIDs.Trial registration numberNCT02466217; Pre-results.
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Pastuszko, Izabela Anna. "Nowoczesne planowanie przestrzenne na przykładzie planu ogólnego rozwoju Lublina z 1959 roku w kontekście wybranych osiedli spółdzielczych." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio L – Artes 15, no. 2 (September 19, 2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/l.2017.15.2.65.
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<p>Druga połowa lat 50. XX w. w Polsce to czas zniesienia doktryny socrealizmu oraz znacznej decentralizacji planowania przestrzennego miast i osiedli. Widoczna w życiu politycznym odwilż jest również okresem, w którym po drugiej wojnie światowej powróciły mieszkaniowe ruchy spółdzielcze. Działo się to również w Lublinie. Powstanie Lubelskiej Spółdzielni Mieszkaniowej w 1957 r. było odpowiedzią na ówczesne potrzeby lokalowe, określone jednak ściśle w wielkim planie miasta ustalonym w 1957 r., a przyjętym w 1959 r.</p><p>Z dzisiejszej perspektywy możemy zauważyć, że śmiałe projekty urbanistyczne poszczególnych osiedli, jak i całej zrelizowanej dzielnicy, są zapisem kooperacji rozwoju technologii architektoniczno-budowlanych z próbami uchwycenia potrzeb ludzkich jakie może wypełnić architektura. Czy ten mariaż był udany? Czy humanistyczne postrzeganie projektowania zostało odzwierciedlone w późnomodernistycznych realizacjach dawnego obszaru lubelskich Rur oraz całym nowym projekcie miasta Lublina? Próba analizy związków między technologia urbanisty, czy architekta, a szeroko rozumianymi potrzebami człowiek, również w społeczno-psychologicznym wymiarze, zostanie podjęta w celu uzyskania odpowiedzi na pytanie, ile jest w tej modernistycznej architekturze inżynierii, a ile sztuki projektowania ludzkiego życia?</p><p> </p><strong><strong>Modern Spatial Planning as Exemplified by the Plan of General Development of Lublin in 1959 in the Context of Selected Cooperative Housing Estates</strong></strong><p>SUMMARY</p><p>The latter half of the nineteen-fifties in Poland was the time of the abolishment of the socialist doctrine and considerable decentralization of spatial planning of towns and housing estates. The noticeable thaw in political life was also the period in which cooperative housing movements were restored. This was also the case with Lublin. The establishment of the Lublin Housing Cooperative (LSM) in 1957 was an answer to the housing needs of the time, which were strictly defined in the grand plan for the town developed in 1957, and adopted in 1959.</p><p>From today’s perspective it could be observed that the bold urban development projects of individual housing estates as well as the whole LSM district are a record of the cooperation between the development of architectural-building technologies and the attempts to grasp human needs that can be fulfilled by architecture. As a result, the late modernist implementations in the former area of Lublin’s Rury district and in the new urban project of Lublin reflected the humanist perception of town design. They can be regarded as an example of successful combination of engineering and the art of planning the multidimensional space of human life.</p>
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Mulvaney, Robert, Jack Triest, and Olivier Alemany. "The James Ross Island and the Fletcher Promontory ice-core drilling projects." Annals of Glaciology 55, no. 68 (2014): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2014aog68a044.
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AbstractFollowing on from the successful project to recover an ice core to bedrock on Berkner Island, similar drilling equipment and logistics were used on two further projects to recover ice cores to bedrock in the Antarctic Peninsula. At James Ross Island, a ship- and helicopter-supported project drilled to bedrock at 363 m depth in a single season, while a Twin Otter-supported project drilled to bedrock at 654m depth, again in a single season, from Fletcher Promontory. In both new projects, drilling was from the surface, with the infrastructure enclosed in a tent, using an uncased, partially fluid-filled, borehole.
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Çetin, Sevda, and Ayşegül Altun. "Determination of cutting score in performance tasksPerformans görevlerinde kesme puanının belirlenmesi." Journal of Human Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i2.4916.
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Performance tasks are important in terms of meaningful learning since they enable students to use the information they have learned in their daily lives. Performance task is also the most commonly used method that our teachers use apart from written exams. While evaluating performance tasks, it is necessary to determine whether the tasks that students have prepared are adequate or not. In order to determine the measure of this decision, standard-setting studies have been carried out. In this study, passing score of a prepared performance task was determined through one of the standard-setting methods, Angoff method. 26 mathematics teachers who are working in various high schools in different cities participated in the study as experts. Data collection tool is a five-question performance project that is called ‘As the Crow Flies’ and includes coordinate plane and Pythagoras theorem. In the process of data collection, each expert was shown the questions in the performance task, and asked about the possibility of giving correct answers for the students who were on the border of failing. The consistency of points among experts were determined through Kendall’s W coefficient of concordance ( =137.872, sd=9, p<0.00). According to the points acquired from experts, it was concluded that although there was not a high level of consistency among experts, there was a moderate level of consistency. As a result of the calculations, final cutoff score was found to be 45.10. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetPerformans görevleri, öğrencilerin kavradıkları bilgileri günlük hayatla bağdaştırmaları ve anlamlı öğrenmeler açısından önemlidir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin yazılı sınavlar dışında en çok kullandıkları yöntemlerden biridir. Performans görevlerini değerlendirirken öğrencilerin ortaya koydukları performans görevlerinde yeterli olup olmadıkları hakkında karar verilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu kararın hangi ölçüte göre verileceğini belirlemek için standart belirleme çalışmaları yapılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, hazırlanan bir performans görevine ilişkin geçme puanı, standart belirleme yöntemlerinden biri olan Angoff yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışmaya farklı illerdeki liselerde çalışan 26 matematik öğretmeni uzman olarak katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı ‘Kuş Uçuşu’ olarak adlandırılan, koordinat düzlemi ve Pisagor teoremini içerenbeş soruluk bir performans görevi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde her bir uzmana performans görevindeki sorular gösterilerek, bu soruları geçme-kalma sınırındaki bir öğrencinin doğru cevaplama olasılığı sorulmuştur. Puanlamada uzmanlar arası uyumun olup olmadığı Kendall’ın W uyum katsayısı ile belirlenmiştir ( =137.872, sd=9, p<0.00). Elde edilen sonuca göre, uzmanlar arasında orta düzeyde anlamlı bir uyum olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar ile nihai kesme puanı45.10 olarak bulunmuştur.
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Çivilidağ, Aydın. "An Analysis of leadership behaviors and leadership styles of rector candidates on the context of the rectorship election at universityÜniversitede rektör adaylarının liderlik davranışlarının ve liderlik stillerinin rektörlük seçimleri bağlamında incelenmesi." Journal of Human Sciences 15, no. 1 (February 11, 2018): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i1.4662.
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This research has two purposes. One of them is to determine rectors candidates' leadership behaviours and the other is to determine their leadership styles. As regards first purpose it has been done in the case of qualitative analysis. 7 rector candidates have dispatched 298 e-mails to academic staff in April-July 2016 during the rector elections in a state university in Akdeniz region. It was analyzed by content analysis on these e-mails in this research. The other purpose is that has been done in the direction of convergent pattern of qualitative analysis. It had gaven closed ended surveys to four academics, to objectively determine the leadership style of the rector candidates. In survey was written ten leadership styles determined by investigator. These academics observed candidates' behaviours as determining leadership of participants during the rector elections. These four social scientists who studied in different areas of social sciences voluntarily and were completed closed ended surveys. In the first part of the research was done as regards to 7 rector candidates who were and was done alphabet coding between A-G each of them during analysis. It used convenient sampling technique which is one of the purpose sampling methods in research. Also, descriptive analysis was conducted to increase the validity of the study. According to results; Discourses of participants were collected four sub- themes. These are discourses of related management, discourses of related scientific studies, discourses of related educational and teaching and discourses of related scholars’ working conditions and their rights. A, C and G participant made the most discourses 85.71% about discourses of related management subtheme than the others. Participant B made more discourses 62.50% about discourses of related scientific research sub-theme than the others. Participant G made more discourses 100% about related educational and teaching subtheme than the others and B participant made more discourses 83.33% about related scholars’ working conditions and their rights than the others. With respect to discourses of based project; G participant made the most discourses 40% than the others. Participant B made the most discourses of introduce yourself 60% than the others. Leadership styles of participants in the direction of their sending e-mails to follower when it was analysed that leadership styles of all participants had business-oriented leadership, second 71.42% democratic leadership and it follows them at the same rate 42.85% relationship-oriented leadership and empowering leadership. As a result of the social scientists that were observed and determined about leadership styles of participants by four social scientists; it was found leadership style of relationship-oriented was come forward this finding follows in order of leadership styles of business-oriented and leadership style of democratic. Also, it was determined leadership style for each of participants in study.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu araştırmanın iki amacı vardır; birincisi üniversite rektör adaylarının (katılımcılar) liderlik davranışlarını ve ikincisi lidelik stillerini belirlemektir. İlk amaçla ilgili olarak nitel analizin durum deseni doğrultusunda çalışma yapılmıştır. Akdeniz bölgesindeki bir devlet üniversitesinde yapılan rektörlük seçimlerinde 7 rektör adayının Nisan - Temmuz 2016 tarihleri arasında öğretim üyelerine gönderdikleri 298 e-posta içerik analizine tabi tutularak incelenmiştir. Rektör adaylarının rektörlük seçim sürecinde kendilerine oy veren öğretim üyelerine (takipçilerine) gönderdikleri e-postalardaki mesajlarda kullandıkları ifadeleri doküman analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmanın ikinci amacıyla ilgili olarak nitel analizin yakınsayan parallel deseni doğrultusunda çalışma yapılmıştır. Bunun için rektör adaylarının liderlik stillerini objektif olarak belirlemek amacıyla bağımsız ve gönüllü dört farklı alandan sosyal bilimci akademisyene on liderlik stilini tanımlayan kapalı uçlu anketler verilmiştir. Yanıtlayıcı sosyal bilimcilerin rektör adaylarıyla ilgili gözlem ve değerlendirmeleri doğrultusunda liderlik stilleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın ilk kısmında rektör adaylarıyla ilgili olarak A-G arasında alfabetik kodlama yapılmıştır. Araştırmada amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolayda örnekleme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın geçerliliğini artırmak için betimsel analize de yer verilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; Katılımcıların takipçilerine yönelik söylemleri dört alt temada toplanmıştır. Bunlar: Yönetimle ilişkili söylemler, Bilimsel Çalışmalara İlişkin Söylemler, Eğitim ve Öğretime İlişkin Söylemler ve Akademisyenlerin Çalışma Koşullarına ve Haklarına İlişkin Söylemler Alt Teması. Yönetimle ilişkili söylemler alt temasında; A, C ve G katılımcıları %85.71 ile en fazla söylemde bulunmuştur. Bilimsel Çalışmalara İlişkin söylemler alt temasında B katılımcısı %62.50 ile en fazla söylemde bulunmuştur. Eğitim ve Öğretime İlişkin Söylemler alt temasında G katılımcısı %100 ile en fazla söylemde bulunmuştur. Akademisyenlerin Çalışma Koşullarına ve Haklarına İlişkin Söylemler alt temasında B katılımcısı %83.33 ile en fazla söylemde bulunmuştur. Proje temelli söylemlerle ilgili olarak, G katılımcısı %40 ile en fazla proje söyleminde bulunan katılımcı olmuştur. Kendilerini tanıtma söylemi alt temasında F katılımcısı %60 ile en fazla kendini tanıtma söyleminde bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların takipçilerine gönderdikleri e-posta doğrultusunda liderlik stilleri incelendiğinde, tüm katılımcılarda iş yönelimli liderlik stilinin öne çıktığı, bunu %71.42 ile demokratik liderlik ve %42.85 ile ilişki yönelimli ve aynı oranla güçlendirici liderliğin izlediği belirlenmiştir. Dört sosyal bilimcinin liderlik stiliyle ilgili katılımcıları değerlendirmeleri sonucunda ise, ilişki yönelimli liderlik stilinin katılımcılarda öne çıktığı, bunu iş yönelimli ve demokratik liderliğin izlediği bulunmuştur.
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Ingason, Helgi Þór, Þórður Víkingur Friðgeirsson, and Haukur Ingi Jónasson. "The Evolution of Project Management in Iceland: The Path to a Profession - Paper 1 of 3." Icelandic Journal of Engineering 25 (December 16, 2019): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33112/ije.25.2.
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The birth of project management as discipline during the mid 20th century was not the birth of a profession, but rather an important enhancement of planning techniques to tackle temporary and timelimited endeavors. Project management has since evolved and matured to be currently recognized as an important international profession with unique accredited procedures, international standards, best practice references and theoretical platforms. Iceland is an interesting example of how the path to a profession is paved in a developed Western society. Entrepreneurs channeled international development into business-driven projects, and the academia followed the suit. Iceland currently has a thriving forum for project management as a professional discipline. This development is arguably best displayed by some impressive educational programs that were developed by path-finding consultants, within universities and post-graduate study lines, and in the increasing demand for professional project managers in most areas of public and private sectors. However, it is also noteworthy that in one specific domain Iceland is atypical among countries often seen as international benchmarks, e.g. Norway, the UK and Sweden, and that is the fractional public project governance framework, which might also explain why the Icelandic Project Management Association has not yet fully actualized its full potential as a professional leader for project management in Iceland.
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Turkan, Zihni, and Çimen Özburak. "Lefkoşa Tarihi Kent Dokusunda “Selimiye Meydanı” / “Selimiye Square” Within the Historical City Texture of Nicosia." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 7, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v7i2.1486.
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<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Selimiye Square, placed in the historical Selimiye neighborhood within the walled city of Nicosia, has become an important center, shaped with the architectural heritage of different cultures throughout the history of Cyprus. The creation of the square began with the building of the St. Sophia Cathedral of the Lusignan Period, at the beginning of the 1200s, and it developed as a religious center with the addition of St. Nicholas Church and the Archbishopric right after. Although not much development in the texture, a guest house built for travelers and pilgrims (The Venetian House) and the meeting place built for the priests of the cathedral (Chapter House), continued the process of creation of the square and the religious quality of the texture. During the Ottoman Period, which was an important era for the historical urban texture of Nicosia, Turkish Architecture, a new architectural style, was added to the surroundings of Selimiye Square. St. Sophia Cathedral was turned into a mosque with the addition of minarets, the Archbishopric and the building next to it were turned into Traditional Turkish Houses with alterations and additions, and St. Nicholas Church was turned into Bedesten (covered bazaar). With the addition of Sultan Mahmut Library and the Big and Small Medrese (madrasah), educational and business functions were added to the religious center; thus the creation of a historical environment and the boundaries of the square became clarified. The boundaries of the square were completed during the British Period with the construction of houses towards the west of the square and it gained the identity of a meeting place for the social activities of the city. During this period, the square was opened for vehicle traffic, and its texture, its religious and business center character were preserved. The periods of the Republic of Cyprus and the following Cyprus Turkish Administration years were a stagnant period for the creation and development of the square. During this period, the square was used as a place of ceremonies with the erection of the Fighters Monument in the east of the library. The buildings around the square underwent functional changes during the TRNC period, from 1983 to today, but the texture preserved its importance with its religious, educational, and business activities. With the new arrangements in 2001 within the scope of the pedestrianization project, an important meeting place was created for the social activities of the city. Thus, becoming an important center for the tourism and social life of the city with the mosque, cultural center, museum, folk arts atelier, restaurants, and bars, which all exist within this historical texture. </p><p><strong>ÖZ</strong></p><p>Lefkoşa Suriçi’nde, tarihi Selimiye Mahallesi’nde yer alan Selimiye Meydanı; Kıbrıs’ın tarihindeki farklı kültürlerin mimari mirasları ile biçimlenen önemli bir merkez olmuştur. Lüzinyanlar Dönemine ait St. Sophia Katedrali’nin, 1200’lü yılların başında burada inşa edilmesiyle başlayan meydan oluşumu, hemen sonrasında St. Nicholas Kilisesi ve Başpiskoposluk Binasının eklenmesi ile buranın bir dini merkez olarak gelişmesini yönlendirmiştir. Venedikliler Döneminde, dokuda fazla bir gelişme olmamakla birlikte, seyyahlar ve hacılar için yapılan misafirhane binası (Venedik Evi) ve katedralin rahipleri için yapılan toplantı binası (Chapter House), dokunun dini merkez niteliği ile meydanın oluşum sürecini devam ettirmiştir. Lefkoşa tarihi kent dokusunun gelişimi için önemli olduğundan, Selimiye Meydanı için de bir değişim dönemi olan Osmanlı Döneminde, Selimiye Meydanı çevresine yeni bir mimari olan Türk Mimarisi kazandırılmıştır. St. Sophia Katedrali, eklenen minarelerle camiye, Başpiskoposluk binası ve yanındaki bina, tadilât ve ilâvelerle Geleneksel Türk Evi’ne, St. Nicholas Kilisesi de Bedesten’e dönüştürülmüştür. Sultan Mahmut Kütüphanesi ile Büyük ve Küçük Medrese binalarının dokuya eklenmesiyle de dini merkeze eğitim ve ticaret işlevleri de katılımış; böylece tarihi çevre oluşumu ve meydan sınırları belirginleşmeye başlamıştır. İngiliz Döneminde, meydanın batı yönüne inşa edilen konutlarla meydan sınırları tamamlanmış ve kentin sosyal etkinlikleri için toplanma alanı kimliğini kazanmıştır. Bu dönemde meydan, araç trafiğine açılmış, çevre dokusu, dini ve eğitim merkezi özelliğini korumuştur. Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti ve sonrasındaki Kıbrıs Türk Yönetimi Dönemleri, meydan oluşumu ve gelişimi için durgun bir dönem olmuştur. Bu dönemde, kütüphanenin doğu tarafına inşa edilen Mücahitler Anıtı ile meydan, tören alanı olarak da kullanılmıştır. 1983 yılından günümüze kadar olan KKTC Döneminde, meydan çevresindeki yapılar işlev değiştirmiş, fakat doku yine dini, ticari ve eğitim faaliyetleri ile önemini korumuştur. Yayalaştırma projesi kapsamında 2001 yılında meydanda yapılan yeni düzenleme ile kentin sosyal etkinlikleri için önemli bir buluşma alanı oluşturulmuş, tarihi dokuda yer alan cami, kültür merkezi, müze, halk sanatları atölyesi, lokanta, bar gibi işlevlerle de kentin turizmi ve sosyal yaşamı için önemli bir merkez olarak yaşam bulmuştur.</p>
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Brandt, John C., Malcolm B. Niedner, and Tycho von Rosenvinge. "The ICE project." Advances in Space Research 5, no. 12 (January 1985): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90062-6.
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Ahamd, Usman, Yusnidah Bt Ibrahim, and Arpah Bt Abu Bakar. "Malaysian Public Private Partnership Projects: Project Success Definition." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.30 (August 24, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.30.18151.
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In last few decades, many governments have been using Public Private Partnership (PPP) as a tool to provide infrastructure and public services. Most of PPP projects achieved the objectives whereas, a few are underachieved. Besides, prior literature does not provide robust definition of success for PPP projects. Although, project management literature defines the general definition of project success and explains success as variable. However, due to the distinct nature of PPP projects there is a need to redefine the PPP project success. Therefore, this study aims to provide robust definition of the success of PPP project based on distinct nature of PPP project. To achieve the objective, this study has adopted phenomenological research method and conducted semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis has been carried out by using ATLAS-ti 8.0 to arrange interviews’ data. Based on interviews, arrangements of two types of PPP projects, Build Lease Maintain and Transfer (BLMT) and Lease Maintain and Transfer (LMT) have been explained that leads to the development of the success criteria for PPP projects. The results reveal that one of the dimensions of success i.e. preparing for future is not valid to measure success for PPP projects.
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Gunnarsdottir, Maria J., Sigurdur M. Gardarsson, Gunnar St Jonsson, Halldor Armannsson, and Jamie Bartram. "Natural background levels for chemicals in Icelandic aquifers." Hydrology Research 46, no. 4 (August 7, 2014): 647–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2014.123.
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Information about natural background levels (NBLs) of chemicals in source waters allows water utilities to identify trends in drinking water contamination. We estimate NBLs for chemicals in source waters for Icelandic water utilities at both national levels with all data pooled, and according to geological regime. NBLs were derived by collecting samples from 79 aquifers considered largely unimpacted by human activities. The aquifers were categorized into four geological settings that are representative of the geology of Iceland. NBLs were calculated as 90%iles of all aquifers in each setting and in all pooled. There was a statistical difference between the geological settings in 11 parameters of 37 tested. The 90%ile for nitrate for all aquifers pooled was 1.36 mg/l, indicating little anthropogenic influence on water used for public water supply in Iceland. The results were compared to the chemical status of 60 European aquifers, collected for the European Union's Sixth Framework Program Background Criteria for the Identification of Groundwater Thresholds project, revealing lower dissolved solids concentration for Icelandic groundwater than that from other parts of Europe. The explanation is likely due to high permeability of young geology settings and low population density in Iceland whereas there is a long history of agriculture and industry in most European countries.
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Hansen, Jørgen. "Practical Elements in Danish Engineering Programmes, Including the European Project Semester." Industry and Higher Education 26, no. 4 (August 2012): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ihe.2012.0108.
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In Denmark, all engineering programmes in HE have practical elements; for instance, at Bachelor's level, an internship is an integrated part of the programme. Furthermore, Denmark has a long-established tradition of problem-based and project-organized learning, and a large part of students' projects, including their final projects, is done in cooperation with industry. This interaction with industry is important because students learn about the culture of the companies with which they are involved and they usually find it very motivating to discover that the companies can benefit from their work. Given the difference between theoretical teaching at a university and practical work done in a company, internships help students to combine practice and theory. Many large projects involve teams and this offers students good learning opportunities and enables them to improve their interpersonal skills. In addition, students learn to learn, an increasingly important requirement since knowledge can rapidly become outdated. Engineers must now be able to work in an international context and to address this need a ‘European Project Semester’ (EPS) was introduced in 1995. EPS is based on experience from problem-based learning in an international context, with exchange students working in international teams. The focus is on international teamwork and intercultural communication and students not only acquire technical skills but also improve their communication skills and their international competences.
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Jones, Paul, Kellie Forbes-Simpson, Gideon Maas, and Robert Newbery. "Beta: An Experiment in Funded Undergraduate Start-up." Industry and Higher Education 29, no. 5 (October 2015): 405–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ihe.2015.0271.
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This paper reports on an evaluation of a funded undergraduate project designed to enable student business start-up. The programme, entitled ‘Beta’, provides undergraduate students with £1,500 of seed-corn funding. The key objective of the project is for the participants to exit it with a viable and legal business entity through which they can start trading on completion of the course. The study adopts a case study approach and evaluates all aspects of the Beta programme, the actors involved and its processes and practices. The authors examine the development of the project and the challenges and hurdles that were identified and overcome to realize the project's goals.
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Hill, Geoffrey, Pratim Datta, and Candice Vander Weerdt. "Developers, Quality Control and Download Volume in Open Source Software (OSS) Projects." Journal of Organizational and End User Computing 29, no. 2 (April 2017): 43–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.2017040103.
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The open-source software (OSS) movement is often analogized as a commons, where products are developed by and consumed in an open community. However, does a larger commons automatically beget success or does the phenomenon fall prey to the tragedy of the commons? This research forwards and empirically investigates the curvilinear relationship between developers and OSS project quality and a project's download volume. Using segmented regression on over 12,000 SourceForge OSS projects, findings suggest an inflection point in the number of contributing developers on download volume – suggesting increasing and diminishing returns to scale from adding developers to OSS projects. Findings support the economic principle of the tragedy of the commons, a concept where an over-allocated (large number) of developers, even in an open-source environment, can lead to resource mismanagement and reduce the benefit of a public good, i.e. the OSS project.
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Kittel, Christoph, Charles Amory, Cécile Agosta, Nicolas C. Jourdain, Stefan Hofer, Alison Delhasse, Sébastien Doutreloup, et al. "Diverging future surface mass balance between the Antarctic ice shelves and grounded ice sheet." Cryosphere 15, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 1215–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-1215-2021.
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Abstract. The future surface mass balance (SMB) will influence the ice dynamics and the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) to the sea level rise. Most of recent Antarctic SMB projections were based on the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). However, new CMIP6 results have revealed a +1.3 ∘C higher mean Antarctic near-surface temperature than in CMIP5 at the end of the 21st century, enabling estimations of future SMB in warmer climates. Here, we investigate the AIS sensitivity to different warmings with an ensemble of four simulations performed with the polar regional climate model Modèle Atmosphérique Régional (MAR) forced by two CMIP5 and two CMIP6 models over 1981–2100. Statistical extrapolation enables us to expand our results to the whole CMIP5 and CMIP6 ensembles. Our results highlight a contrasting effect on the future grounded ice sheet and the ice shelves. The SMB over grounded ice is projected to increase as a response to stronger snowfall, only partly offset by enhanced meltwater run-off. This leads to a cumulated sea-level-rise mitigation (i.e. an increase in surface mass) of the grounded Antarctic surface by 5.1 ± 1.9 cm sea level equivalent (SLE) in CMIP5-RCP8.5 (Relative Concentration Pathway 8.5) and 6.3 ± 2.0 cm SLE in CMIP6-ssp585 (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways 585). Additionally, the CMIP6 low-emission ssp126 and intermediate-emission ssp245 scenarios project a stabilized surface mass gain, resulting in a lower mitigation to sea level rise than in ssp585. Over the ice shelves, the strong run-off increase associated with higher temperature is projected to decrease the SMB (more strongly in CMIP6-ssp585 compared to CMIP5-RCP8.5). Ice shelves are however predicted to have a close-to-present-equilibrium stable SMB under CMIP6 ssp126 and ssp245 scenarios. Future uncertainties are mainly due to the sensitivity to anthropogenic forcing and the timing of the projected warming. While ice shelves should remain at a close-to-equilibrium stable SMB under the Paris Agreement, MAR projects strong SMB decrease for an Antarctic near-surface warming above +2.5 ∘C compared to 1981–2010 mean temperature, limiting the warming range before potential irreversible damages on the ice shelves. Finally, our results reveal the existence of a potential threshold (+7.5 ∘C) that leads to a lower grounded-SMB increase. This however has to be confirmed in following studies using more extreme or longer future scenarios.
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Jaśkowski, Piotr, and Sławomir Biruk. "Minimizing the Duration of Repetitive Construction Processes with Work Continuity Constraints." Computation 7, no. 1 (March 6, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation7010014.
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This study adopts the flow shop concept used in industrial production to schedule repetitive non-linear construction projects, where specialized groups of workers execute processes in work zones (buildings) in a predefined order common to all groups. This problem is characteristic of construction projects that involve erecting multiple buildings. As the duration of the project heavily depends upon the sequence of the work zones, this study aims at providing a model and a practical approach for finding the optimal solution that assures the shortest duration of the project, allows the contractor to complete particular work zones (buildings) as soon as possible (without idle time), and conforms to a predefined sequence of work zone completion. This last constraint may arise from the client’s requirements or physical conditions of the project and has not been addressed by existing scheduling methods. Reducing the duration of the entire project brings the benefit of lower indirect costs and, if accompanied by a reduced duration of completing particular buildings (i.e., work zones), may also provide the opportunity to sell project deliverables sooner, thus improving the economic efficiency of the project. In search of optimal schedules, the authors apply the algorithms of Minimum Hamiltonian Cycle/Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem (ATSP).
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Joseph, N., and C. Marnewick. "Incorporating the dimensions of sustainability into information systems projects." Southern African Business Review 20, no. 1 (March 27, 2019): 530–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1998-8125/6062.
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Although research has been done on sustainability in project management, little or no research has been conducted on sustainability within the domain of information system (IS) projects. This article reports on whether IS projects are executed sustainably and whether they contribute to organisational sustainability. A questionnaire, completed by 650 IS project managers, was used to determine the state of IS project sustainability. The results highlight that sustainability is not integrated into IS projects and IS project managers do not consider organisational sustainability. IS projects tend to focus on the economic dimension, i.e. increasing productivity and profits, with no thought being given to the social and environmental dimensions. This article recommends that sustainability should be incorporated into project management and IS best practices. Accordingly, the way IS projects are executed should be re-evaluated in terms of their sustainability.
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Lipenkov, Vladimir. "Vostok Ice Core project." PAGES news 14, no. 1 (April 2006): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22498/pages.14.1.29.
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Tuuli, Martin Morgan. "What has project characteristics got to do with the empowerment of individuals, teams and organisations?" International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 11, no. 3 (July 2, 2018): 708–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-08-2017-0097.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of project settings on empowerment experiences of individuals and teams by examining the effects of specific project characteristics on facets of the empowerment concept (i.e. the structural and psychological perspectives). Design/methodology/approach A parallel questionnaire survey of client, consultant and contractor organisations was conducted in Hong Kong to test hypotheses relating three facets of the empowerment concept and five project-level antecedents. Hierarchical linear modelling and ordinary least square regression were employed to test the hypotheses. Findings The analyses show that dynamic project environments, high project team integration and high interdependence of project tasks lead to high individual psychological empowerment, while public-client projects (compared with private-client projects), a hostile project environment and high client integration lead to a low individual psychological empowerment. Uncertainty in project technology also leads to high team psychological empowerment, while hostile project environments lead to low team psychological empowerment. Further, dynamic project environments lead to more empowering work climate, while hostile project environments lead to less empowering work climate. However, project team integration, project complexity, project lifecycle and quasi-public-client projects (compared with private-client projects) have no significant association with the empowerment of individuals and teams. Originality/value This study examined task-related factors (i.e. project in this case) which traditionally have not been the focus of studies examining the antecedents of empowerment. Further, project-level antecedents and their link to an integrated perspective of empowerment comprising a sociostructural perspective, a psychological perspective and a team-based perspective are examined, which is a significant departure from the unitary perspective of empowerment taken in most previous studies.
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Solís-Carcaño, Rómel G., Gilberto A. Corona-Suárez, and Aldo J. García-Ibarra. "The Use of Project Time Management Processes and the Schedule Performance of Construction Projects in Mexico." Journal of Construction Engineering 2015 (October 15, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/868479.
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Delays have been frequently reported as the cause of several conflicts that affect the different parties involved in construction projects. Project Time Management (PTM) includes a number of planning and controlling processes that are recommended for complying with requirements related to project time. The study reported in this paper aimed at assessing the use of PTM processes and its relation with project schedule performance (i.e., timely completion). Seven PTM processes and seventy-seven tasks associated with them were identified from the literature that is globally relevant to project management. The study included the assessment of fourteen school construction projects executed by a public agency in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. These projects were monitored during the construction phase in order to measure two different variables: the use of processes related to PTM (i.e., schedule planning and controlling processes) and the project schedule performance. For each of these projects a Use Index was obtained for assessing the first variable, while the Schedule Performance Index and the Schedule Variance were computed to assess the second one. The results demonstrated there is statistical dependence between these two variables. Most of the projects that attained timely completion also made a greater use of the PTM processes.
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Kuşan, Hakan, Osman Aytekin, and İlker Özdemir. "RISKS ASSESSMENT IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS WITH FUZZY LOGIC MODEL." e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy 11, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/nwsa.2016.11.1.1a0359.
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Rahimi, Matt, Thomas P. Kenworthy, and Jaydeep Balakrishnan. "An Analysis of Innovation in Oil and Gas Projects." Project Management Journal 49, no. 5 (August 22, 2018): 64–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756972818788773.
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We examine the effects of predictors from the firm, project, and individual levels on innovative behavior within oil and gas projects. The theory and propositions tested in this study stem from extant work on (1) innovation in poor performance conditions and (2) the availability of slack resources. The research findings revealed that innovative behaviors were present regardless of size, type, and project performance level. Further, it appears that the relationship between slack and innovation depends on when the innovation is introduced (i.e., when project performance is ahead of, or behind, a plan). Finally, the existence of innovation in (1) under-performing projects did not appear to exert any influence on project outcome, and (2) over-performing projects appeared to exert a negative influence on project outcome.
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Amer, Hala, and Ahmed Alenizi. "Infection Control Center of Excellence Experience." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s299—s300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.880.
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Background: In 2018, the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Saudi Arabia launched the Infection Control Excellence Center (ICEC) program among healthcare governmental institutions to create an exceptionally high concentration of expertise and resources within the infection prevention and control discipline to afford the best patient outcomes possible. King Saud Medical City (KSMC), one of the main healthcare institutions in Riyadh, was selected to be among the 10 facilities participating in ICEC 2019 competition. It is expected to qualify the facility to lead the Kingdom infection prevention and control as well as sharing expertise at regional and international levels. Methods: The infection control team at KSMCA used a business model canvas to present the project vision, resources, partners, values, and revenue streams (Fig. 1). All project stakeholders were engaged, including core infection control team, various hospital departments as internal partners, along with the MOH team as external partners. The ICEC program was presented at the KSMC executive council to earn leadership support. The following assessment areas were included in the presentation: (1) quality assurance and patient care through sustain basic infection control standards and improve key performance indicators (KPIs); (2) enhance the development and structure of the infection control team; (3) pursue innovative ideas in infection control practices. Overall, 17 projects arranged into 4 programs have been proposed (Fig. 2). Results: The institution successfully passed the eligibility criteria assessment in the first quarter of 2019. Infection control KPIs have been corporatized with KSMC strategic KPIs that support infection control improvement initiatives. The infection control team continues to grow in function and capacity. Also, 4 additional were awarded CIC certification in 2019 to reach total of 11 CICs, which represent 30% of the team (including 1 recertification). A dashboard designed by the project management office facilitates follow-up with the proposed projects in progress. Completion levels ranging between 30% and 100% have been achieved among these projects. A final evaluation was conducted in December 2019, including a field visit by the MOH ICEC team as well as a written MCQs exams and interviews with the core infection control team. Communication among the stakeholders and leadership involvement were considered among the assessment criteria. Conclusions: The ICEC supports and motivates investment in human capital and encourages innovative, cost-effective solutions in infection control field in Saudi Arabia. It is also aligned with Saudi Arabia healthcare transformation and the 2030 vision through integrated programs in healthcare facilities.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Irfan, Muhammad, Sanam Zaib Khan, Nasruddin Hassan, Mazlan Hassan, Muhammad Habib, Salma Khan, and Hadi Hassan Khan. "Role of Project Planning and Project Manager Competencies on Public Sector Project Success." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031421.
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Even though the world has progressed exponentially, the core reasons for the failure of many public sector projects remain the same, i.e., the poor planning and competency of a project manager. Therefore, it becomes essential even in the contemporary world to assess and evaluate a model that determines the effect of planning and the project manager’s competency on the success of public sector projects. Moreover, the present study aims to assess the role of project planning and the project manager’s competency in project success in the context of project management methodology defined by the Project Management Institute. In the current survey-based study, a sample of 260 project engineers, from the public sector organizations operating in Balochistan, that were engaged in projects was taken in order to understand the relationship between the constructs. Quantitative data were collected to address the proposed hypotheses using the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique. It was inferred from the findings that planning and competency have a significant positive impact on the success of public sector projects. Among the two, it was determined that planning for public sector projects has a greater role in the success of projects. Therefore, it is concluded based on the results of the study that in future, due consideration should be given to planning and the abilities of a project manager.
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Oken, Emily, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Diane R. Gold, Ken P. Kleinman, Augusto A. Litonjua, Dawn De Meo, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, et al. "Cohort Profile: Project Viva." International Journal of Epidemiology 44, no. 1 (March 15, 2014): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyu008.
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