Academic literature on the topic 'IHg'

La seiche commune, Sepia officinalis, est un céphalopode côtier connu pour ses performances écophysiologiques soutenues par un large répertoire de comportements lui permettant, malgré son cycle de vie court, de tenir un rôle central dans les réseaux trophiques. Cependant, elle est également connue pour accumuler efficacement les éléments métalliques tel que le mercure (Hg), un contaminant neurotoxique sous sa forme organique (methylmercure ; MeHg). De plus, dans le contexte des changements environnementaux globaux, l’acidification des océans (AO) induite par l’augmentation des émissions de CO2, peut impacter le métabolisme, le développement et le système nerveux central, notamment chez les jeunes stades de vie. Le présent travail a donc pour but d’étudier les effets de l’AO sur la bioaccumulation du Hg et les effets de ces deux neurotoxiques (Hg et CO2) sur le comportement et les performances cognitives chez les juvéniles de seiches. Préalablement, des mesures in-situ ont montré que le Hg s’accumulait dans le cerveau des céphalopodes sous forme méthylé (MeHg). Par ailleurs, les approches expérimentales utilisant des traceurs isotopiques (stables et radioactif) du Hg ont démontré que l’accumulation du Hg total provenait majoritairement de l’assimilation du MeHg présent dans les proies, en comparaison à l’accumulation du mercure inorganique (iHg) par voie dissoute. Ce MeHg est ensuite très fortement retenu malgré la mise en évidence de processus de déméthylation du Hg dans la glande digestive. Étonnamment, l’AO n’a aucun effet sur les efficacités de la bioaccumulation et le métabolisme du Hg. En termes d’effets, des essais comportementaux ont montré que le Hg et CO2, seuls ou combinés, n’impactaient pas l’acuité visuelle et les performances de prédation chez les juvéniles. Par contre, ces deux derniers induisent une augmentation de l’activité locomotrice, compromettant le comportement défensif à travers notamment une altération de la coloration disruptive et un non-alignement de la latéralisation. Parmi les processus neuronaux susceptibles d’être impactés par le Hg et le CO2, le système GABAergique a été analysé dans les lobes optiques mais n’a montré aucun lien évident avec les réponses comportementales suggérant des processus d’effets plus complexes. L’ensemble de ce travail questionne donc les effets des conditions futures de l’océan sur les juvéniles de seiches, et plus largement les impacts sur les populations de céphalopodes<br>The common cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis, is a coastal cephalopod known for its eco physiological performance supported by a wide repertoire of behaviors that allows it, despite its short life cycle, to play a central role in food webs. However, it is also known to efficiently accumulate metallic elements such as mercury (Hg), a neurotoxic contaminant in its organic form (methylmercury; MeHg). Moreover, in the context of global changes, ocean acidification (OA) induced by the increase of CO2 emissions, can impact metabolism, development and the central nervous system, especially in young life stages. The present work therefore aims to study the effects of OA on Hg bioaccumulation and the effects of these two neurotoxicants (Hg and CO2) on behavior and cognitive performance in juvenile cuttlefish. In the first place, in-situ measurements showed that Hg accumulated in the brain of cephalopods in methylated form (MeHg). Moreover, experimental approaches using isotopic tracers (stable and radioactive) of Hg have shown that the accumulation of total Hg comes mainly from the assimilation of MeHg present in preys, compared to the accumulation of inorganic mercury (iHg) dissolved in seawater. This MeHg is then very strongly retained despite evidence of Hg demethylation processes in the digestive gland. Surprisingly, OA has no effect on the bioaccumulation efficiencies and metabolism of Hg. In terms of effect, behavioral assays showed that Hg and CO2, alone or in combination, did not impact visual acuity and predation performance in juveniles. However, both induced an increase in locomotor activity, compromised defensive behavior through, in particular, an alteration of disruptive coloration and a non-alignment of lateralization. Among the neural processes likely to be impacted by Hg and CO2, the GABAergic system was analyzed in the optic lobes but showed no obvious link with behavioral responses suggesting more complex effect processes. All of this work therefore questions the effects of future ocean conditions on juvenile’s cuttlefish, and more broadly the impacts on cephalopod populations

Expression of a productivity rearranged immunoglobulin heavy (μH) chain from a first in-frame VDJ_H-rearranged allele prevents further recombinant of the second, DJ_H-rearranged, allele, termed heavy chain allelic exclusion. I investigated at the single cell level the transcriptional status of both <i>IgH</i> alleles in <i>ex vivo </i>cells using RNA fluorescent <i>in situ</i> hybridisation (FISH). Prior to exclusion, in predominantly DJ_H/DJ_H-rearranged pro/pre-B1 cells, both IgH alleles are transcribed and detected by RNA-FISH. In contrast, following productive VDJ_H-recombination and μH expression i.e. in allelically excluded pre-BII cells, mono-allele transcription was detected in the 40% and bi-allelic in 60% of cells. This 40:60 ratio was maintained throughout subsequent B cell developmental stages. A V_H-specific transcription assay revealed a V_H(J558) transcription co-localising with mono- and bi-allelic μ transcription sites, strongly indicating transcription from VDJ_H-rearranged alleles in allelically excluded B cells. Combined RNA/DNA FISH showed detection of the V_H-D_Hintergenic regions in cells with mono-allelic μ-transcription. Within these nuclei the μ-transcription site and V_H-D_H intergenic region were clearly separate and thus do not originate from the same allele, thus suggesting a VDJ_H/DJ_H-rearrangement status. In the majority (>80%) of nuclei with two μ-transcription sites no V_H-D_H-intergenic regions were observed, suggesting VDJ_H/VDJ_H-recombination. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed steady-state DJ_H-Cμ transcripts in splenic B cells, which have been allelically excluded at levels 2-3 fold less than observed in a developmental stage prior to exclusion. Thus the DJ_H-recombined allele is transcribed after exclusion. Our data show that the process of allelic exclusion results in diminished ability for RNA-FISH to detect the transcription of the DJ_H- but not the VDJ_H-rearranged alleles, indicating that the signal for allelic exclusion is received only by the DH_J-recombined alleles. Therefore, in allelically excluded cells, the DJ_H-but not VDJ_H-rearranged alleles alter their transcriptional activity and thus act as part of the mechanism for heavy chain allelic exclusion.

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Gestão do Conhecimento, Florianópolis, 2017.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-14T03:21:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 348490.pdf: 9532825 bytes, checksum: bb189e301b30950fbc2c9049745f5d62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017<br>Os habitats de inovação são empreendimentos organizados sistematicamente para promover a inovação, propiciando a interação e a integração de diferentes atores. São fenômenos contemporâneos de grande relevância para o desenvolvimento de uma região ou de um país, pois operam com ativos de conhecimento. A implantação de um habitat de inovação implica, diretamente, no desenvolvimento socioeconômico e cultural da comunidade de seu entorno. Estes oferecem condições diferenciadas para desenvolver produtos e processos inovadores, com o propósito de fomentar as dinâmicas econômicas e sociais, locais e regionais, uma vez que tem a capacidade de reunir pessoas, tecnologias, recursos financeiros e conhecimento. A problemática levantada para esta pesquisa trata de como analisar as comunidades do entorno dos habitats de inovação em relação às suas necessidades, potencialidades e expectativas. O lastro teórico para esta tese está construído na intersecção entre os conceitos de habitats de inovação, parques tecnológicos, inovação, inovação social, tríplice e quádrupla hélice. O objetivo é elaborar uma metodologia para leitura e análise identificando, necessidades, potencialidades e expectativas das comunidades do entorno dos habitats de inovação. Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória descritiva. Desenvolve-se a partir de uma revisão sistemática para levantar os conceitos básicos e um benchmarking para identificar práticas de leitura de entorno. Com estes elementos propõe-se uma metodologia de leitura de entorno desenvolvida em três fases: elaboração, prototipagem e aplicação. A elaboração constituiu-se em um instrumento online, que foi prototipada no entorno do Orion Parque, na cidade de Lages. A aplicação da metodologia para sua conformação foi feita no entorno do Sapiens Parque, em Florianópolis. Os atores envolvidos nesse processo foram gestores de 8 parques tecnológicos visitados, 10 gestores de organizações internas do Sapiens Parque, 201 gestores de organizações externas e 622 famílias situadas no entorno do Sapiens Parque. O resultado alcançado com este estudo foi a conformação de uma proposta metodológica adaptável para diferentes tipos de habitats de inovação, que possibilita realizar a leitura e a análisedo entorno desses empreendimentos, gerando informações que caracterizam o perfil da população local em relação às suas necessidades, potencialidades e expectativas. Com a aplicação da InHab-Read ? IHR ? Metodologia de leitura de entorno para habitats de inovação é possível orientar políticas e ações conjuntas entre a população do entorno e as organizações internas dos habitats, potencializando a interação entre todos os atores, e ampliando as dimensões dos processos de inovação tecnológica e econômica para a inovação social.<br>Abstract : Innovation habitats are systematically organized enterprises to promote innovation and provide the interaction and integration of different actors. They are contemporary phenomena of high relevance for the development of a region or a country because they operate with knowledge assets. The implementation of an innovation habitat directly implies the socioeconomic and cultural development of the surrounding community. These provide differentiated conditions for developing innovative processes and products to foster economic, social, local and regional dynamics as it can bring together people, technologies, financial resources, and knowledge. The issue regarding this research analyzes the communities surrounding the innovation habitats about their needs, potentialities, and expectations. The theoretical background for this thesis is built on the intersection between concepts of innovation habitats, technology parks, changes, social innovation, triple and quadruple propeller. The aim is to develop a methodology for reading and analysis, identifying needs, potentialities, and expectations of communities surrounding the innovation habitats. The study is characterized as descriptive and exploratory. It develops from a systematic review to obtain basic concepts and a benchmarking to identify surrounding reading practices. With such elements, it is proposed a methodology of environment interpretation developed in three phases: elaboration, prototyping, and application. The elaboration was constituted by an online instrument that was prototyped in the Orion Park?s surrounding, in the city of Lages. The methodology application for its configuration was developed in the Sapiens Park?s surrounding, in Florianópolis. The actors involved in the process were eight managers of the technological parks visited, ten managers of internal organizations of the Sapiens Parque, 201 managers of external companies and 622 families located around the Sapiens Parque. The result obtained with the study relates to an adaptive methodological proposal for different types of innovation habitats, which makes it possible to read and analyze the enterprises? surroundings, generating information that characterizes thelocal population profile regarding their needs, potentialities, and expectations. With the application of InHab-Read - IHR - Environment Reading Methodology for innovation habitats, it is possible to propose common policies and actions between the surrounding population and habits internal organizations, enhancing the interaction among all the actors, and broadening dimensions of technological and economic innovation processes for social change.

This study investigates how non-ing initial adverbials and adverbial ing-clauses regardless of position are translated from English to Swedish in a medical text. It discusses what different kinds of positions and forms they take in the translation. The primary source is a medical text that is translated wherein the non-ing initial adverbials and adverbial ing-clauses are identified and categorized, and solutions are discussed. The results show that most non-ing initial adverbials keep their form, but are changed in some cases because of stylistic preferences. The most common form of the non-ing initial adverbials is prepositional phrases that mostly also are translated as prepositional phrases. The adverbial ing-clauses, regardless of position, change their form in all cases in the translation and the most common correspondence is subordination. Both non-ing initial adverbials and adverbial ingclauses keep their position in most cases, but are sometimes moved due to stylistic preferences.

This PhD uses a queer reading strategy to explore the performative sites of lucha libre (wrestling in Mexico). My research inhabits the space behind the scene, the space between the ring and the audience, and the space of being part of the audience itself. My reading of the luchas takes place through the camera, the interview, printed works, theoretical investigation, and through the work of artists who draw on lucha libre – including myself. As lucha libre itself cannot be narrowed down to one specific medium, my subject matter allows me to utilize an interdisciplinary perspective to examine its various encounters, spaces, subjectivities and gestures. As well as attending live events in the arenas, watching lucha libre on television, exploring its circulation in artistic and filmic productions and its appropriation in advertisements and political discourse, I have carried out an intervention in a regular lucha libre programme by inventing a character, promoting, constructing and staging a match in an arena in the north of Mexico City. My methodology therefore makes use of a whole range of strategies including those borrowed from the discipline of anthropology and from practices of documentary making. Through my writing and my practice, I attempt to query and complicate these disciplinary conventions and my own use of them. I place particular emphasis in this PhD upon the possibility and use of a queer reading strategy in relation to lucha libre. Drawing on the works of Gloria Anzaldúa, Judith Butler, Judith ʻJackʼ Halberstam, José Javier Maristany, and José Esteban Muñoz, the thesis argues that a queer reading strategy has the potential to complicate ways of seeing gender and sexuality as well as race, ethnicity, class, time and space in this context. I identify the rich queer legacies within lucha libre, film and popular culture, and focus on the multiple and often conflicting readings made possible by adopting queer theory and reading practices. In doing so, the thesis interrogates the different ways in which popular cultures can go beyond accepted notions of what it means to be Mexican, a woman, macho, gay and so on. Throughout this work, I pay close attention to forms of audience participation, their verbal and gestural acts and how key these are in to the event of the lucha. These verbal and gestural acts, I argue, produce a unique complicity in the arena manifesting a transient trace of queer histories, and suggesting potential utopias.