Relevant bibliographies by topics / Identification evidence

Academic literature on the topic 'Identification evidence'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Identification evidence"

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Cole, Simon A. "Forensic identification evidence." Criminology & Public Policy 9, no. 2 (April 8, 2010): 375–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9133.2010.00634.x.

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Roberts, Andrew. "Identification Evidence: Duty to Conduct Identification Procedure." Journal of Criminal Law 70, no. 3 (June 2006): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/jcla.2006.70.3.197.

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Cooper, Sarah Lucy. "Forensic Science Identification Evidence." Journal of Philosophy, Science & Law 16, no. 2 (2016): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jpsl20161622.

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Georgiev, Stoyan, Alan P. Boyle, Karthik Jayasurya, Xuan Ding, Sayan Mukherjee, and Uwe Ohler. "Evidence-ranked motif identification." Genome Biology 11, no. 2 (2010): R19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2010-11-2-r19.

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Dawid, A. "Forensic identification with imperfect evidence." Biometrika 85, no. 4 (December 1, 1998): 835–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/85.4.835.

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COSKUNER, Selda, Recai COSTUR, Pınar BAYHAN KARAPINAR, Selin METIN CAMGOZ, Savas CEYLAN, Selen DEMIRTAS ZORBAZ, Emine Feyza AKTAS, and Gonca CIFFILIZ. "Mobbing, Organizational Identification, and Perceived Support: Evidence From a Higher Education Institution." Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 18, no. 73 (December 28, 2017): 21–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2018.73.2.

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Melih, Prof Veysi, and Prof Yuksel Caner. "Identification Of Straightforward Aggregate And Divisia Fiscal Accumulation Adopting Board Evidence Inquiry." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 01, no. 05 (December 25, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume01issue05-01.

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Shaoping, Dong, and Zhang Zechao. "Evidence Attributes and Types Identification of Big Data Evidence." Criminal Justice Science & Governance 3, no. 1 (2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35534/cjsg.0301007.

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Bull Kovera, Margaret, and Andrew J. Evelo. "Improving Eyewitness-Identification Evidence Through Double-Blind Lineup Administration." Current Directions in Psychological Science 29, no. 6 (November 4, 2020): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721420969366.

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Lineups and photo arrays are often presented to witnesses by police officers who know which lineup member is the suspect (single-blind lineup administration) rather than by officers who do not know (double-blind administration). Administrators who are not blind to which lineup member is the suspect are more likely than blind administrators to emit behavioral cues that steer witnesses toward choosing the suspect and away from choosing fillers (i.e., a lineup member who is not the suspect). Moreover, nonblind administrators may provide confirmatory feedback to witnesses who identify the suspect, increasing their confidence in the accuracy of their identification and weakening the correlation between witness confidence and accuracy. Nonblind administrators are also more likely to interpret witnesses’ tentative statements about a suspect than about a filler as a positive identification. Because of these findings that single-blind administration biases identifications against suspects, even when they are innocent, evidence-based recommendations for best practices in the collection of eyewitness-identification evidence call for the use of double-blind lineup-administration procedures.
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Ahn, Ji-Young, and Shilu Huang. "Types of employee training, organizational identification, and turnover intention: evidence from Korean employees." Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(4).2020.41.

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Many organizations are willing to increase human capital investment through various employee training programs. This study empirically examines a proposed model that explains the relationship between the different types of employee training, including general and firm-specific training and employee turnover in Korean firms. This study used a survey sample of 10,069 employees in 467 publicly traded firms in South Korea. 78% of participating companies provided training programs to the employees. This study conducted quantitative cross-sectional regression analyses to test the hypotheses. The study suggests empirical evidence that general training and firm-specific training reduce employee turnover intention. Moreover, the magnitude of firm-specific training on turnover intention is much higher than general training. Furthermore, employee organizational identification has a partial mediating effect on training and turnover intention. However, the study found no substantial evidence of the moderating effect of employees’ justice perception of receiving training opportunities. Based on the human capital theory and social exchange perspective, the results indicate that both types of training programs help employee retention, and cultivating employee organizational identification can be critical in the training-turnover process.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Identification evidence"

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Mohammed, Hussam J. "Automated identification of digital evidence across heterogeneous data resources." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/12839.

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Digital forensics has become an increasingly important tool in the fight against cyber and computer-assisted crime. However, with an increasing range of technologies at people's disposal, investigators find themselves having to process and analyse many systems with large volumes of data (e.g., PCs, laptops, tablets, and smartphones) within a single case. Unfortunately, current digital forensic tools operate in an isolated manner, investigating systems and applications individually. The heterogeneity and volume of evidence place time constraints and a significant burden on investigators. Examples of heterogeneity include applications such as messaging (e.g., iMessenger, Viber, Snapchat, and WhatsApp), web browsers (e.g., Firefox and Google Chrome), and file systems (e.g., NTFS, FAT, and HFS). Being able to analyse and investigate evidence from across devices and applications in a universal and harmonized fashion would enable investigators to query all data at once. In addition, successfully prioritizing evidence and reducing the volume of data to be analysed reduces the time taken and cognitive load on the investigator. This thesis focuses on the examination and analysis phases of the digital investigation process. It explores the feasibility of dealing with big and heterogeneous data sources in order to correlate the evidence from across these evidential sources in an automated way. Therefore, a novel approach was developed to solve the heterogeneity issues of big data using three developed algorithms. The three algorithms include the harmonising, clustering, and automated identification of evidence (AIE) algorithms. The harmonisation algorithm seeks to provide an automated framework to merge similar datasets by characterising similar metadata categories and then harmonising them in a single dataset. This algorithm overcomes heterogeneity issues and makes the examination and analysis easier by analysing and investigating the evidential artefacts across devices and applications based on the categories to query data at once. Based on the merged datasets, the clustering algorithm is used to identify the evidential files and isolate the non-related files based on their metadata. Afterwards, the AIE algorithm tries to identify the cluster holding the largest number of evidential artefacts through searching based on two methods: criminal profiling activities and some information from the criminals themselves. Then, the related clusters are identified through timeline analysis and a search of associated artefacts of the files within the first cluster. A series of experiments using real-life forensic datasets were conducted to evaluate the algorithms across five different categories of datasets (i.e., messaging, graphical files, file system, internet history, and emails), each containing data from different applications across different devices. The results of the characterisation and harmonisation process show that the algorithm can merge all fields successfully, with the exception of some binary-based data found within the messaging datasets (contained within Viber and SMS). The error occurred because of a lack of information for the characterisation process to make a useful determination. However, on further analysis, it was found that the error had a minimal impact on subsequent merged data. The results of the clustering process and AIE algorithm showed the two algorithms can collaborate and identify more than 92% of evidential files.
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Leung, Wei Lue. "Individualism, organisational identification and performance : evidence from Southern China." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/632.

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Applying the theoretical perspective of organisational identification (OI), in this thesis I explore how rising individualistic cultural values (ICVs) of employees affect their work performance in service industry of South China. I consider leader-member exchange (LMX) and its moderating effect on the association between rising ICVs and OI of employees, which may affect their performance. The hypotheses are tested using data collected from a large Hong Kong owned organisation in the hospitality industry in South China. The data show that ICV has a negative relationship with OI, which in turn can cause poorer employee performance of young generation workforce. The data also show that a relationship approach such as LMX can moderate the negative association between ICV and OI. From the empirical findings, there are practical implications for people management in South China business operations.
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Saks, Michael J., Thomas Albright, Thomas L. Bohan, Barbara E. Bierer, C. Michael Bowers, Mary A. Bush, Peter J. Bush, et al. "Forensic bitemark identification: weak foundations, exaggerated claims." OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622734.

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Several forensic sciences, especially of the pattern-matching kind, are increasingly seen to lack the scientific foundation needed to justify continuing admission as trial evidence. Indeed, several have been abolished in the recent past. A likely next candidate for elimination is bitemark identification. A number of DNA exonerations have occurred in recent years for individuals convicted based on erroneous bitemark identifications. Intense scientific and legal scrutiny has resulted. An important National Academies review found little scientific support for the field. The Texas Forensic Science Commission recently recommended a moratorium on the admission of bitemark expert testimony. The California Supreme Court has a case before it that could start a national dismantling of forensic odontology. This article describes the (legal) basis for the rise of bitemark identification and the (scientific) basis for its impending fall. The article explains the general logic of forensic identification, the claims of bitemark identification, and reviews relevant empirical research on bitemark identification-highlighting both the lack of research and the lack of support provided by what research does exist. The rise and possible fall of bitemark identification evidence has broader implications-highlighting the weak scientific culture of forensic science and the law's difficulty in evaluating and responding to unreliable and unscientific evidence.
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Walnoha, Michael Anthony. "Shoeprint analysis a GIS application in forensic evidence /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4639.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2006.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 64 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64).
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Silver, Michael Dana. "The multidimensional nature of ingroup identification correlational and experimental evidence /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148647407804816.

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Hedengren, Mary L. "National Identity Transnational Identification: The City and the Child as Evidence of Identification Among the Poetic Elite." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2010. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3452.pdf.

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Greenlees, Paul Thomas. "Identification of excited states and evidence for octupole feformation in '2'2'6U." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367435.

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Sanborn, Kristi L. "Phylogenetic analysis and identification of vanilla orchids : evidence from PCR sequencing/fingerprinting." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/897506.

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This research was an attempt to identify and provide a phylogeny of Vanilla orchids using PCR sequencing/ fingerprinting.Traditional classification methods haved relied heavily on morphological traits and are often contradictory, subjective and incomplete. This research attempted to discover an objective and reliable method for identification and classification of selected tropical orchids species using molecular techniques. Vanilla orchids were chosen for their commercial importance in the scent and flavoring industry.Reconstruction of phylogenetic data is possible using relatively new molecular techniques: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) fingerprinting and sequencing. PCR fingerprinting reveals restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) within an organism's genome. Thesevariations can be used to construct genetic maps in a variety of species. PCR sequencing reveals genetic variation at an even greater level: nucleotide sequence.The literature suggests that these methods are fairly quick and simple; however, the crucial step is obtaining high molecular weight DNA digestable with restriction enzymes or amplifiable by the PCR. DNA isolation has proven to be difficult with Vanilla orchids due to their numerous phenolic compounds, tough fibrous tissue and high number of polysaccharides. This research developed a method of isolating high molecular weight DNA from orchids. This DNA was digestible with restriction enzymes. The DNA was subjected to DNA fingerprinting with primers specific to the 18S-26S ribosomal RNA gene and with RAPD primers. The DNA was also sequenced using the PCR technique.Variation between Vanilla species genomes was discovered and compared to traditional phylogenetic information. It was found that banding patterns and nucleotide sequences were almost identical for Vanilla planifolia and planifolia varegata. The banding patterns for Vanilla barbellata were similar to those of the two unknown Vanilla orchids. Vanilla humboltii exhibited a banding pattern far different from either barbellata or planifolia. These results confirm the hypothesis that PCR fingerprinting/ sequencing is a useful technique for the identification and phylogenetic analyses of Vanilla orchids.
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Scerif, F. "Identification of gene networks in childhood epilepsy : evidence from focal cortical dysplasia." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1505983/.

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Introduction: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a malformation of cortical development that is a frequent cause of multidrug resistant paediatric epilepsy. FCD type IIb (FCDIIb) is characterised by a population of unique abnormally enlarged cells known as balloon cells (BCs). The understanding of the molecular abnormalities underlying FCDIIb is poor. It is unclear if BCs are the key pathological cell or if there are other types of cells that are important in the pathogenesis of the disease. Interactions between such cell types are also unknown. Methods: Bioinformatic analyses of gene expression data were used to identify networks of genes that could characterise FCD and to identify putative diagnostic biomarkers. These markers were validated at the protein level by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, various techniques allowed for the investigation of possible signalling between different cell types in FCDIIb. Results: Several of the gene networks and biomarkers were differentially expressed between FCDIIb and control. Analysis of one particular network showed that some components were expressed in BCs but others were expressed in a potentially novel cell population that was only present in FCDIIb. The importance of cellular heterogeneity of FCDIIb was further supported by the finding that BCs may have a unique senescence-associated secretome that could be involved in cell-to-cell communications. Conclusion: A genomic characterisation of FCD has provided a better understanding of the cellular abnormalities in FCDIIb from a molecular perspective. In addition to the identification of several differentially expressed gene networks, the results also provide an interesting insight into cell-to-cell communications between different cell types in FCDIIb, which could be important in driving the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Song, Junfeng. "Surface and topography metrology in firearm evidence identification and engineering surface quality control." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/93631/.

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This thesis is a topical review on the application of Surface and Topography Metrology in Firearm Evidence Identification and Engineering Surface Quality Control. It summarizes my research work at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) from 1987 to present, where I’m a Project Lead for the Forensic Topography and Surface Metrology since 1997. I started my research in surface metrology since 1982 -- after my MS study at the Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT, Harbin, China) from 1978 to 1981. In 1985, I designed, manufactured and patented the Precision Random Profile Roughness Specimens in Beijing aimed to provide a reference standard for quality control of smooth engineering surfaces [1]. These specimens were manufactured with Ra values ranging from 0.015 μm to 0.1 μm -- less than 1/10 of the similar specimens developed by PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt) in Germany. These specimens were successfully used by U.S. manufacturers for measurement unification and quality control of smooth engineering surfaces, and were included in ASME B46 surface standard in 1995. Microform metrology is a subfield of surface metrology that involves surface measurements of complex geometry features on the micrometer scale. In 1995, I led a team at NIST which established a Microform Calibration System with the lowest calibration uncertainty in the world for calibration of Rockwell hardness (HR) diamond indenters. Based on the precision calibration of HR indenters and the control of other influencing quantities, I proposed a “Metrological Approach” to unifying international HRC scales with metrological traceability. I led an international HRC comparison among five National Metrological Institutes (NMIs). The comparison results strongly supported the proposed Metrological Approach. I drafted a joint paper for five NMIs entitled “Establishing a worldwide unified Rockwell hardness scale with metrological traceability” which was published at the Metrologia 34, 1997 in Paris [4]. Surface and topography metrology provides strong support to firearm evidence identifications. Based on my experience in developing surface standards, measurement systems, uncertainty and traceability procedures, I led a research team which developed the NIST Standard II Reference Material (SRM) Bullets and Cartridge Cases, and the NIST 2D/3D Topography Measurement System [5]. We formulated a National Traceability and Quality System using the SRM Bullets and Cartridge Cases to support ballistics identifications within the National Integrated Ballistics Information Network (NIBIN) in the United States [6]. I have recently invented a Congruent Match Cells (CMC) method for accurate ballistics identification and error rate estimation [7], which can serve as a statistical foundation for estimating error rates in firearm evidence identifications, thus emulating methods used for forensic identification of DNA evidences [8].
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Books on the topic "Identification evidence"

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Heather, Leonoff, ed. Identification evidence. [Toronto]: Carswell, 1991.

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Kaur, Manjit. The reliability of identification evidence. Wolverhampton: University of Wolverhampton, 1995.

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Police, Royal Canadian Mounted, ed. Footwear identification. Salem, Or: Lightning Powder Co., 1995.

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Mitter, Vishnu. V. Mitter's law of identification and discovery. 6th ed. Allahabad, India: Law Book Co., 1988.

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Roberts, Andrew (Lecturer in law), ed. Identification: Investigation, trial and scientific evidence. Bristol: Jordans, 2011.

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Terry, Roger L. Eyewitness identification: A lawyer's resource for expert testimony. [United States?]: Xlibris, 2008.

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Fischer, Eric A. DNA identification and evidence: Applications and issues. Huntington, N.Y: Novinka Books, 2001.

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Bodden, Valerie. Identification. Mankato, MN: Creative Education, 2016.

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Hatcher, Julian S. Textbook of firearms investigation, identification, and evidence. Birmingham, Ala: Palladium Press, 1998.

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Rotshtein, Alexander P. Fuzzy Evidence in Identification, Forecasting and Diagnosis. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Identification evidence"

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Smith, Lisa, and John Bond. "Identification Evidence." In Criminal Justice and Forensic Science, 9–43. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-31027-9_2.

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Brandon, Ruth, and Christie Davies. "Identification Evidence." In Wrongful Imprisonment, 24–46. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003342632-2.

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de Jong-Lendle, Gea. "Speaker Identification." In Language as Evidence, 257–319. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84330-4_9.

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Fobbe, Eilika. "Authorship Identification." In Language as Evidence, 185–217. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84330-4_7.

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Newirth, Karen A., and Barry C. Scheck. "Eyewitness Identification Evidence." In Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 1518–29. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5690-2_671.

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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. "Orodental Identification." In Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry, 9–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1_2.

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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. "Craniofacial Identification." In Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry, 65–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1_4.

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Khan, JaVed I., Thomas J. Kennedy, and Donnell R. Christian. "Evidence Identification and Collection." In Basic Principles of Forensic Chemistry, 257–67. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-437-7_19.

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Diallo, Kamina. "‘Here is my evidence’." In Identification and Citizenship in Africa, 293–301. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge contemporary Africa: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003053293-21.

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Rai, Balwant, and Jasdeep Kaur. "Cheiloscopy in Identification: Forensic Odontology." In Evidence-Based Forensic Dentistry, 109–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28994-1_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Identification evidence"

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Wesley, Leonard, Nader F. Mir, Anuj Patel, and Rashmi Sondur. "Evidence-based Power Management in Distributed Sensor Networks." In Modelling, Identification and Control. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2013.801-033.

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Batchelder, J. C. "Evidence for the Identification of 178Pb." In PROTON-EMITTING NUCLEI: Second International Symposium PROCON 2003. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1615168.

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McLauchlan, Lifford, and Mehrübe Mehrübeoglu. "Evidence of tampering in watermark identification." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Mark S. Schmalz, Gerhard X. Ritter, Junior Barrera, Jaakko T. Astola, and Franklin T. Luk. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.826819.

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Mohammed, Hussam, Nathan Clarke, and Fudong Li. "Evidence Identification in Heterogeneous Data Using Clustering." In ARES 2018: International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3230833.3233271.

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Tong, Li-biao, Wen-jun Lu, and Cong-li Li. "Target Identification in Battlefield Based on Evidence Theory." In 2009 Second International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology and Security Informatics. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iitsi.2009.24.

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Lippincott, Thomas, and Ben Van Durme. "Active learning and negative evidence for language identification." In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Data Science with Human in the Loop: Language Advances. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.dash-1.8.

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Mou, Xiangyang, Mo Yu, Shiyu Chang, Yufei Feng, Li Zhang, and Hui Su. "Complementary Evidence Identification in Open-Domain Question Answering." In Proceedings of the 16th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Main Volume. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.eacl-main.234.

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Pieczynski, W. "Modeling non stationary hidden semi-markov chains with triplet markov chains and theory of evidence." In 2005 Microwave Electronics: Measurements, Identification, Applications. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssp.2005.1628689.

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Xie, Xin, Yanliang Ke, Yansong Hao, Liuyang Song, and Huaqing Wang. "Feature extraction method for roller bearing based on Dempster-Shafer evidence." In 2017 9th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control (ICMIC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmic.2017.8321554.

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Gao, Caixia, Fuzhong Wang, and Dan Xu. "Gas outburst prediction based on the intelligent Dempster-Shafer evidence theory." In 2017 9th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control (ICMIC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmic.2017.8321582.

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Reports on the topic "Identification evidence"

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Reyes, Angela, Benjamin Roseth, and Diego A. Vera-Cossio. Technology, Identification, and Access to Social Programs: Experimental Evidence from Panama. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003485.

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Access to identification cards (IDs) is often required to claim government benefits. However, it is unclear which policies to increase ID ownership are more effective. We experimentally analyze the effect of two policy interventions to induce the timely renewal of identification cards on access to a government social program in Panama. Sending reminders about expiration dates increased the probability of on-time renewals and of accessing benefits from a social program by 12 and 4.3 percentage points, respectively, relative to a control group. In contrast, allowing individuals to renew their ID online only increased renewals and access to benefits by 8 and 2.9 percentage points, respectively. This result was driven by lower-income individuals. The results suggest that policies to increase ownership of valid identity documentation can reduce inclusion errors in government programs and that simply granting access to digital tools may not be enough to unlock important effects.
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Ottonello, Pablo, and Wenting Song. Financial Intermediaries and the Macroeconomy: Evidence from a High-Frequency Identification. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29638.

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Giné, Xavier, Jessica Goldberg, and Dean Yang. Credit Market Consequences of Improved Personal Identification: Field Experimental Evidence from Malawi. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17449.

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Hamilton, M. A., A. B. Ryan, R. F. Emslie, and I. F. Ermanovics. Identification of Paleoproterozoic anorthositic and monzonitic rocks in the vicinity of the Mesoproterozoic Nain Plutonic Suite, Labrador: U-Pb evidence. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/210053.

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Busso, Matías, Julian P. Cristia, Pablo Garofalo, and Julián Messina. The Effectiveness of Adult Retraining: Evidence from a Meta-Analytic Review. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004418.

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We report the results of a meta-analytic review of the effectiveness of programs designed to retrain workers. The review focuses on studies that rely on identification strategies designed to obtain credible causal effects. We analyze a total of 40 programs that provided skills to unemployed workers and focus on two outcomes: the probability of finding a job and wages. We find that the probability of finding a job of program participants increases on average by 2.6 percentage points after the program and wages increase by 0.08 of a standard deviation. Programs that provide technical skills, those that combine in-classroom with on-the-job training and those provided in partnership with the private sector seem to be more effective.
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Calomeni, Alyssa, Andrew McQueen, Ciera Kinley-Baird, and Gerard Clyde. Identification and preventative treatment of overwintering cyanobacteria in sediments : a literature review. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45063.

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Freshwaters can experience growths of toxin-producing cyanobacteria or harmful algal blooms (HABs). HAB-producing cyanobacteria can develop akinetes, which are thick-enveloped quiescent cells akin to seeds in vascular plants or quiescent colonies that overwinter in sediment. Overwintering cells produce viable “seed beds” for HAB resurgences and preventative treatments may diminish HAB intensity. The purpose of this literature review was to identify (1) environmental factors triggering germination and growth of overwintering cells, (2) sampling, identification, and enumeration methods, and (3) feasibility of preventative algaecide treatments. Conditions triggering akinete germination (light ≥0.5 μmol m-2s-1, temperature 22-27℃) differ from conditions triggering overwintering Microcystis growth (temperature 15-30℃, nutrients, mixing). Corers or dredges are used to collect surficial (0-2 cm) sediment layers containing overwintering cells. Identification and enumeration via microscopy are aided by dilution, sieving, or density separation of sediment. Grow-out studies simulate environmental conditions triggering cell growth and provide evidence of overwintering cell viability. Lines of evidence supporting algaecide efficacy for preventative treatments include (1) field studies demonstrating scalability and efficacy of algaecides against benthic algae, (2) data suggesting similar sensitivities of overwintering and planktonic Microcystis cells to a peroxide algaecide, and (3) a mesocosm study demonstrating a decrease in HAB severity following preventative treatments. This review informs data needs, monitoring techniques, and potential efficacy of algaecides for preventative treatments of overwintering cells.
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Herbert, Siân, and Heather Marquette. COVID-19, Governance, and Conflict: Emerging Impacts and Future Evidence Needs. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.029.

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This paper reviews emerging evidence of the impact of COVID-19 on governance and conflict, using a “governance and conflict first” approach in contrast to other research and synthesis on COVID-19 in the social sciences that tends to be structured through a public health lens. It largely focuses on evidence on low- and middle-income countries but also includes a number of examples from high-income countries, reflecting the global nature of the crisis. It is organised around four cross-cutting themes that have enabled the identification of emerging bodies of evidence and/or analysis: Power and legitimacy; Effectiveness, capacity, and corruption; Violence, unrest, and conflict; and Resilience, vulnerability, and risk. The paper concludes with three over-arching insights that have emerged from the research: (1) the importance of leadership; (2) resilience and what “fixing the cracks” really means; and (3) why better ways are needed to add up all the “noise” when it comes to COVID-19 and evidence.
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Sordillo, Lorraine, Don Wojchowski, Gary Perdew, Arthur Saran, and Gabriel Leitner. Identification of Staphylococcus aureaus Virulence Factors Associated with Bovine Mastitis. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7574340.bard.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of mastitis in dairy cattle. The organism is able to adhere to and penetrate mammary epithelium, forming deep seated abscesses that result in chronic infections. This study was based on the observation that certain genotypes of S. aureus are isolated more frequently from field cases of bovine mastitis than others and the most prevalent genotypes of S. aureus have an increased ability to resist neutrophil phagocytosis and killing compared to the rare variants. It was hypothesized that these predominating genotypes differentially express virulence factors that allow them to overcome or suppress essential host defense mechanisms and successfully colonize mammary parenchyma. The overall objective of this study was to determine the mechanisms by which predominating S. aureus genotypes were able to resist mammary gland defense mechanisms. The following specific aims were accomplished to address the overall objectives of this project: 1. Analyze and compare cell surface and secreted protein profiles of common and rare S. aureus genotypes isolated from field cases of bovine mastitis. 2. Purify and sequence selectively synthesized proteins unique to the most prevalent genotypes of S. aureus . 3. Determine the in vitro effects of isolated proteins on essential host defense mechanisms. Results from each specific aim showed that these redominating genotypes differentially express factors that may allow them to overcome or suppress essential host defense mechanisms and successfully colonize mammary parenchyma. Using complementary approaches, both the US and Israeli teams identified differentially expressed S. aureus factors that were positively correlated with virulence as determined by the ability to modify host immune cell responses and increase disease pathogenesis. Several candidate virulence factors have ben identified at both the molecular (US team) and protein (Israeli team) levels. Components of the phosphotransferase system were shown to be differentially expressed in prevalent strains of S. aureus and to modify the growth potential of these strains in a milk microenvironment. Evidence provided by both the Israeli and US teams also demonstrated a potential role of Staphylococcal enterotoxins in the pathogenesis of mastitis. Certain enterotoxins were shown to directly affect neutrophil bactericidal activities which can profoundly affect the establishment of new intramammary infections. Other evidence suggests that S. aureus superantigens can suppress mammary defenses by enhancing lymphoid suppressor cell activity. Collectively, these data suggest that unique factors are associated with predominating S. aureus genotypes that can affect in vitro and in vivo virulence as related to the pathogenesis of bovine mastitis. The potential development of a subunit mastitis vaccine which incorporates only relevant antigenic determinants has not been investigated in depth. Experiments outlined in this proposal has identified putative virulence factors which contribute to the pathogenesis of S. aureus mastitis and which may be used to formulate an efficacious subunit mastitis vaccine. Results from these studies may lead to the development of new methods to prevent this costly disease, providing a viable alternative to less effective mastitis control procedures based on chemotherapy.
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Boehm, Barry, Dan Ingold, Winsor Brown, JoAnn Lane, George Friedman, Kathleen Dangle, Linda Esker, Forrest Shull, Rich Turner, and Jon Wade. Early Identification of SE-Related Program Risks: Opportunities for DoD Systems Engineering (SE) Transformation via SE Effectiveness Measures (EMs) and Evidence-Based Reviews. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada597049.

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10

Verbrugge, Randal J., and Saeed Zaman. The Hard Road to a Soft Landing: Evidence from a (Modestly) Nonlinear Structural Model. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202303.

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What drove inflation so high in 2022? Can it drop rapidly without a recession? The Phillips curve is central to the answers; its proper (nonlinear) specification reveals that the relationship is strong and frequency dependent, and inflation is very persistent. We embed this empirically successful Phillips curve – incorporating a supply-shocks variable – into a structural model. Identification is achieved using an underutilized data-dependent method. Despite imposing anchored inflation expectations and a rapid relaxation of supply-chain problems, we find that absent a recession, inflation will be more than 3 percent by the end of 2025. A simple welfare analysis supports a mild recession as preferred to an extended period of elevated inflation, under a typical loss function
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