Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ideal knots

Academic literature on the topic 'Ideal knots'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ideal knots"

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GONZALEZ, O., and R. DE LA LLAVE. "EXISTENCE OF IDEAL KNOTS." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 12, no. 01 (February 2003): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216503002354.

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Ideal knots are curves are that maximize the scale invariant ratio of thickness to length. Here we present a simple argument to establish the existence of ideal knots for each knot type and each isotopy class and show that they are C1,1 curves.
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Keener, J. P. "Knotted vortex filaments in an ideal fluid." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 211 (February 1990): 629–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112090001732.

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Knotted closed-curve solutions of the equation of self-induced vortex motion are studied. It is shown that there are invariant torus knots which translate and rotate as rigid bodies. The general motion of ‘small-amplitude’ torus knots and iterated (cabled) torus knots is described and found to be almost periodic in time, and for some, but not all, initial data, the topology of the knot is shown to be invariant.
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CALLAHAN, PATRICK J., JOHN C. DEAN, and JEFFREY R. WEEKS. "THE SIMPLEST HYPERBOLIC KNOTS." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 08, no. 03 (May 1999): 279–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216599000195.

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While the crossing number is the standard notion of complexity for knots, the number of ideal tetrahedra required to construct the complement provides a natural alternative. We determine which hyperbolic manifolds with 6 or fewer ideal tetrahedra are knot complements, and explicitly describe the corresponding knots in the 3-sphere. Thus, these 72 knots are the simplest knots according to this notion of complexity. Many of these knots have the structure of twisted torus knots. The initial observation that led to the project was the abundance of knot complements with small Seifert-fibered Dehn fillings among the census manifolds. Since many of these knots have rather large crossing number they do not appear in the knot tables. Our methods, while ad hoc, yield some detailed information about the knot complements as well as the manifolds that arise from exceptional surgeries on these knots.
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Dobrowolski, Jan Cz, and Aleksander P. Mazurek. "Model Carbyne Knots vs Ideal Knots†." Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences 43, no. 3 (May 2003): 861–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci020063w.

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Tran, Anh T. "The strong AJ conjecture for cables of torus knots." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 24, no. 14 (December 2015): 1550072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216515500728.

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The AJ conjecture, formulated by Garoufalidis, relates the A-polynomial and the colored Jones polynomial of a knot in the 3-sphere. It has been confirmed for all torus knots, some classes of two-bridge knots and pretzel knots, and most cable knots over torus knots. The strong AJ conjecture, formulated by Sikora, relates the A-ideal and the colored Jones polynomial of a knot. It was confirmed for all torus knots. In this paper we confirm the strong AJ conjecture for most cable knots over torus knots.
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Stott, Philip M., Lionel G. Ripley, and Michael A. Lavelle. "The Ultimate Aberdeen Knot." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 89, no. 7 (October 2007): 713–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588407x205468.

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INTRODUCTION The Aberdeen knot has been shown to be stronger and more secure than a surgeon's knot for ending a suture line. No data exist as to the ideal configuration of the Aberdeen knot. The Royal College of Surgeons of England in their Basic Surgical Skills Course, 2002 recommended six throws. The aim of this experiment is to find the ideal combination of throws and turns. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aberdeen knots of various configurations were tied in O-PDS suture (Ethicon, Johnson and Johnson). Each configuration was tied 10 times. A materials testing machine was used to test the knots to destruction in a standardised manner. RESULTS The knots were seen to behave in two ways. They either slipped and unravelled, or broke. Knots tied with fewer than three throws were unreliable. Knots tied with three throws and two turns appear to be the strongest configuration. Adding further throws and turns does not increase the strength of an Aberdeen knot. CONCLUSIONS An Aberdeen knot tied with three throws and two turns is the ultimate Aberdeen knot.
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Schuricht, Friedemann, and Heiko von der Mosel. "Characterization of ideal knots." Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations 19, no. 3 (April 1, 2004): 281–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00526-003-0216-y.

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Katritch, Vsevolod, Wilma K. Olson, Piotr Pieranski, Jacques Dubochet, and Andrzej Stasiak. "Properties of ideal composite knots." Nature 388, no. 6638 (July 1997): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/40582.

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PIERAŃSKI, PIOTR. "IN SEARCH OF IDEAL KNOTS*." Computational Methods in Science and Technology 4, no. 1 (1998): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12921/cmst.1998.04.01.09-23.

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Rawdon, Eric J. "Can Computers Discover Ideal Knots?" Experimental Mathematics 12, no. 3 (January 2003): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10586458.2003.10504499.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ideal knots"

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Woodard, Mary Kay. "Conway's Link Polynomial: a Generalization of the Classic Alexander's Knot Polynomial." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501096/.

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The problem under consideration is that of determining a simple and effective invariant of knots. To this end, the Conway polynomial is defined as a generalization of Alexander's original knot polynomial. It is noted, however, that the Conway polynomial is not a complete invariant. If two knots are equivalent, as defined in this investigation, then they receive identical polynomials. Yet, if two knots have identical polynomials, no information about their equivalence may be obtained. To define the Conway polynomial, the Axioms for Computation are given and many examples of their use are included. A major result of this investigation is the proof of topological invariance of these polynomials and the proof that the axioms are sufficient for the calculation of the knot polynomial for any given knot or link.
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O'Brien, Killian Michael. "Seifert's algorithm, Châtelet bases and the Alexander ideals of classical knots." Thesis, Durham University, 2002. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4192/.

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I begin by developing a procedure for the construction of a Seifert surface, using Seifert's algorithm, and the calculation of a Seifert matrix for a knot from a suitable encoding of a knot diagram. This procedure deals with the inherent indeterminacy of the diagram encoding and is fully implementable. From a Seifert matrix one can form a presentation matrix for the Alexander module of a knot and calculate generators for the Alexander ideals. But to use the Alexander ideals to their full potential to distinguish pairs of knots one needs a Gröbner basis type theory for A = Z[t,t(-1)], the ring of Laurent polynomials with integer coefficients. I prove the existence of what I call Châtelet bases for ideals in A. These are types of Gröbner bases. I then develop an algorithm for the calculation of a Châtelet basis of an ideal from any set of generators for that ideal. This is closely related to Buchberger's algorithm for Gröbner bases in other polynomial rings. Using these algorithms and the knot diagram tables in the program Knotscape I calculate Châtelet bases for the Alexander ideals of all prime knots of up to 14 crossings. We determine the number of distinct ideals that occur and find examples of pairs of mutant knots distinguished by the higher Alexander ideals but not by any of the polynomials of Alexander, Jones, Kauffman or HOMFLY.
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Rimrott, Kira. "Who knows best? a comparative study of teachers' and students' perceptions of the characteristics of an ideal English lesson /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3167995X.

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Evans, Myfanwy Ella. "Three-dimensional entanglement: knots, knits and nets." Phd thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/9502.

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Three-dimensional entanglement, including knots, periodic arrays of woven filaments (weavings) and periodic arrays of interpenetrating networks (nets), forms an integral part of the analysis of structure within the natural sciences. This thesis constructs a catalogue of 3-periodic entanglements via a scaffold of Triply-Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS). The two-dimensional Hyperbolic plane can be wrapped over a TPMS in much the same way as the two-dimensional Euclidean plane can be wrapped over a cylinder. Thus vertices and edges of free tilings of the Hyperbolic plane, which are tilings by tiles of infinite size, can be wrapped over a TPMS to represent vertices and edges of an array in three-dimensional Euclidean space. In doing this, we harness the simplicity of a two-dimensional surface as compared with 3D space to build our catalogue. We numerically tighten these entangled flexible knits and nets to an ideal conformation that minimises the ratio of edge (or filament) length to diameter. To enable the tightening of periodic entanglements which may contain vertices, we extend the Shrink-On-No-Overlaps algorithm, a simple and fast algorithm for tightening finite knots and links. The ideal geometry of 3-periodic weavings found through the tightening process exposes an interesting physical property: Dilatancy. The cooperative straightening of the filaments with a fixed diameter induces an expansion of the material accompanied with an increase in the free volume of the material. Further, we predict a dilatant rod packing as the structure of the keratin matrix in the corneocytes of mammalian skin, where the dilatant property of the matrix allows the skin to maintain structural integrity while experiencing a large expansion during the uptake of water.
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Books on the topic "Ideal knots"

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Lecture notes on knot invariants. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2016.

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Asia Trends Day (2nd 2004 Singapore). (Un)tying the knot: Ideal and reality in Asian marriage. Singapore: Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 2004.

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Garrett, Greg. No idea: Entrusting your journey to a God who knows. Colorado Springs, Colo: David C Cook, 2009.

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Ideal Knots. World Scientific Publishing Company, 1999.

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Geoff Wilsons Waterproof Book Of Essential Fishing Knots Ideal For Your Tackle Box. Australian Fishing Network, 2009.

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Blacklock, Mark. Knots. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755487.003.0003.

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Chapter 2 concentrates on a crucially catalytic episode in the history of cultural higher space and on a particularly pregnant form at the heart of this episode: the series of experimental seances conducted by the Leipzig-based astrophysicist Johann Carl Friedrich Zöllner with the medium Henry Slade and the knot that Zöllner proclaimed as experimental evidence of the fourth dimension. This chapter outlines Zöllner’s theoretical position and its sources; his allegiances and feuds; the experiments themselves and their legacy. Zöllner drew higher-dimensioned space into occultist discourse, a field in which it can still be discerned. This shift requires the mobilization of different resources: attention to the historical phenomenon of popular spiritualism and its discourse networks; consideration of the relations between professionalizing science, spiritualism, and stage magic; and the negotiation of the knot, an object that is thing and idea, form and material, mediator and terminus.
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Hillman, J. A. Alexander Ideals of Links. Springer London, Limited, 2006.

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ALLEN, Turner. Basic Plastic Lace Knots: Amazing Plastic Lace Craft Ideas. Independently Published, 2021.

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Knits To Give 30 Knitted Gift Ideas. Quadrille Publishing, 2011.

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McLeay, Heather. The Knots Puzzle Book: A Collection of Interesting Mathematical Ideas. Tarquin, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ideal knots"

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Murakami, Hitoshi, and Yoshiyuki Yokota. "Idea of “Proof”." In Volume Conjecture for Knots, 35–63. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1150-5_4.

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Roberts, Michael Symmons. "Breath—As Subject, in Form, in Performance: An Interview with Michael Symmons Roberts." In The Life of Breath in Literature, Culture and Medicine, 507–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74443-4_24.

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AbstractMichael Symmons Roberts discusses breath and breathlessness as a theme running through his work, beginning with his novel, Breath (2006). He also discusses breath as a subject in his poetry, the place of breathing in the sound and expressivity of voice, and the idea of poetry as ‘alive in the heart and on the tongue’. He considers how the reader can realise the printed poem as an aural structure; and how living engagement with a poem, signified in reading partly by structures of breathing, is heard in the interplay between all of a poem’s formal features. Given that a poem is likely to say more than its author knows, he discusses the implications of hearing poets read their own work; and finally considers all the elements that affect how the voice (actual or imagined) gives aural shape to a poem.
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El-Ali, Leena. "Divorce: Men Do Not Hold all the Cards—The Qur’an Actually Levels the Playing Field Through Mandated Process and Etiquette." In Sustainable Development Goals Series, 179–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83582-8_15.

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AbstractDivorce is a huge topic of concern for God in the Qur’an. Even as He makes clear that it is His least-favourable solution to marital discord and even as He counsels a period of reflection and even recommends mediation, God makes explicit His commandment that the divorce process be kind and fair to women in contrast to the then-prevailing customs. But custom to this day has been neither kind nor fair to women: the “wedding-knot” (‘isma) has been deemed by society to be held solely by the man, limiting a woman’s ability to obtain a divorce at all, much less a fair one. This has often also impacted women’s access to their own children upon divorce, surely a most unkind situation, one that is only emboldened by the false idea that men are “guardians” of women as it makes them feel even more entitled to be the sole guardians of their children.
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H.Przytycki, Józef. "Symmetric knots and billiard knots." In Ideal Knots, 374–414. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812796073_0020.

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Kauffman, Louis H. "Fourier Knots." In Ideal Knots, 364–73. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812796073_0019.

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STASIAK, ANDRZEJ, JACQUES DUBOCHET, VSEVOLOD KATRITCH, and PIOTR PIERANSKI. "IDEAL KNOTS AND THEIR RELATION TO THE PHYSICS OF REAL KNOTS." In Ideal Knots, 1–19. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812796073_0001.

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PIERAŃSKI, PIOTR. "IN SEARCH OF IDEAL KNOTS." In Ideal Knots, 20–41. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812796073_0002.

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LAURIE, BEN. "ANNEALING IDEAL KNOTS AND LINKS: METHODS AND PITFALLS." In Ideal Knots, 42–51. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812796073_0003.

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DIAO, Y., C. ERNST, and E. J. JANSE VAN RENSBURG. "KNOTS WITH MINIMAL ENERGIES." In Ideal Knots, 52–69. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812796073_0004.

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RENSBURG, E. J. JANSE VAN, D. W. SUMNERS, and S. G. WHITTINGTON. "THE WRITHE OF KNOTS AND LINKS." In Ideal Knots, 70–87. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812796073_0005.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ideal knots"

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McDonald, Erik, Jason Fischer, Jenni M. Buckley, and Leonard Gordon. "Multifilament Stainless Steel as a Core Suture Material in Flexor Tendon Repair." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19589.

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Over the past decades flexor tendons have been repaired using many repair configurations and suture types. The result of the repair depends on the method of attachment of the suture to the tendon(1), as well as the characteristics of the suture material (2). Both the ultimate tensile strength of the repair and the force needed to produce a 2mm gap at the repair site are important(3). Ultimate tensile strength and gap formation depend on the number of strands crossing the repair site, the characteristics of the suture material(4,5), and the repair configuration to the tendon. Stiffer sutures allow less gap formation for the same applied force(5). The repair also depends on the knot holding ability of the suture, because sutures fail most frequently at the knots. This is either because the knots untie or the suture is weakened at these points. The ideal combination is a suture technique that provides a strong attachment to the tendon, with a suture that is strong and resists elongation. Combined with these features the method should also be relatively simple to perform, with suture that is manageable and easy to tie.
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Qu, Jun, and Radha Sarma. "Low-Degree B-Spline Approximation of Procedurally Defined Curves." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/dac-8598.

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Abstract This paper outlines an algorithm for approximating procedurally defined curves with low-degree, integral b-spline curves. The algorithm is based on minimizing a least square error metric between the ideal and approximated curves. Expressions for optimality criteria using the least square error metric are derived from a combination of exact b-spline integration and numerical integration techniques, thereby eliminating the need for sampling the ideal curve. A high-level iterative procedure that doubles knots at each step is proposed to ensure that the deviations between the ideal and approximated curves are within user specified limits. Issues of computational complexity are addressed and several examples are presented that illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
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Bredariol, Gregory, Aaron Garnier, Kevin Stevens, and Andrew Foley. "SIHG Testing and Analysis." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90350.

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This paper describes the Sailboat Integrated Hydroelectric Generator (SIHG). This turbine is intended to be fixed to the transom of a 30–40 foot sailing vessel to produce green power for the vessel’s electrical systems. The design goal for the SIHG was the generation of a minimum of 225 watts at 6 knots and an ideal output of 400 watts at 6 knots. Power is generated by the SIHG when water moving over five turbine blades creates rotational motion, which is transferred through a gear box to a three-phase electrical generator. The three-phase electrical output is then rectified and used to recharge the boat’s battery. Presently, most sailboats of this size run their engines in order to recharge their batteries. The SIHG produces no emissions and has no operating costs. Extensive testing in the Thames River at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy in New London Connecticut produced data that was then used to determine the power output and efficiency of the SIHG at various speeds through the water. The turbine was fixed to the transom of a dinghy which was then towed behind a rigid hulled inflatable vessel to simulate a sailboat under wind power. Novel data collection methods and instrumentation were then used to gather power and drag data for the turbine at various speeds. Power output plots and efficiency curves were calculated from this data and are represented in this paper. Actual performance shows that the SIHG is capable of producing 275 watts at 6 knots and 400 watts at 8 knots. The maximum efficiency of the SIHG is calculated to be 37% and occurs when traveling through the water at a speed of 5 knots. Due to the substantial power generation at relatively low speeds, tidal applications are discussed.
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Cardoso, Cristiano Bernabé, Magno Almeida da Silva, João Marcelo Mussi Baptista, Janaína Barreto Santos, Sérgio Carlos Kupski, Otávio Caniçali, Matheus Rodrigues Resende, Daniel Costa, Danielle Rocha, and Marcos Vinícius Sampaio Santiago. "Challenges and Lessons Learned on the First Use of Tethered Bop in a Major Operator in Brazil, Including the Replacement of the Tension System Using the Rig Drilling String." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31859-ms.

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Abstract The use of the tethered BOP at Petrobras intends to enable the operation of Dynamically Positioned Rigs in shallow waters, allowing drilling or workover in wells in congested areas or subject to environmental restrictions due to corals or marine fauna. The BOP tethering technology also allows the use of newer generation rigs, whose BOPs are larger and heavier, in old wells not designed for such loads. ROV and surface images of the critical moments for the BOP tethering show the lessons learned in this operation, such as schematics and drawings of improvements implemented or suggested for future opportunities. During the operations, many opportunities for improvement were identified, such as: the ideal drilling schedule to launch the anchors with the Anchor Handling Tug Supply Vessel (AHTS); the imprisonment of the cables by the cement of the surface casing in the mud line; the knots that occurred in the cable after replacing the tensioner system; the feasibility to use the rig drill string instead of an RSV to replace the tensioner; and the need of unlatching the BOP to replace the tensioner system, with suggestions to avoid this in the future. The challenges overcome in this operation allowed the development of new solutions and procedures for tethering the BOP, dispensing with the use of a RSV, and improving the contractor's initial procedure. The success of this system enables rig operations in several locations that are currently unfeasible, whether for plug & abandonment of old wells or for drilling new locations in shallow water. The first use of tethered BOP in association with real-time Riser Analysis in Brazil resulted in the reduction of the risk associated with an emergency disconnection, providing a larger operational window and a more accurate analysis of well structure fatigue.
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Brown, Neal A., and Alan Guarino. "The Ohmsett Ocean Energy Test Facility." In SNAME 29th American Towing Tank Conference. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/attc-2010-019.

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The U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service (MMS) is now tasked to collaborate with research institutions and industry on testing ocean wave and current energy conversion systems. Accordingly, MMS recently expanded the mission of its Ohmsett Facility to include such testing and research, Ohmsett, The National Oil Spill Response Research & Renewable Energy Test Facility, has one of the largest outdoor saltwater tanks in North America and is designed to evaluate the performance of model- and full-scale equipment under realistic environmental conditions. The facility, operated by MAR Incorporated under contract to MMS, is located at the Naval Weapons Station Earle Waterfront facility in Leonardo, New Jersey (about one hour drive south of New York City). At the heart of Ohmsett is a very large outdoor, above-ground concrete test tank that is 203 meters long, 20 meters wide 3.5 meters deep and holds 10 million liters of crystal clear salt water. The Ohmsett tank is equipped with three movable bridges providing speeds of up to 6.5 knots, programmable in 1/100th knot increments, to simulate ocean currents or vehicle speeds. The robust tow bridges are able to accommodate the torques and forces of the largest current turbines and wave energy converter (WEC) equipment. The Control Tower is fully computerized and data from various sensors and video cameras are collected for analysis. The Ohmsett tank system allows testing of fullscale equipment. The tank's wave generator creates realistic sea environments, while state-of-the-art data collection and video systems record test results. The data collection system is capable of recording up to 32 channels. The facility has proven to be ideal for testing developmental equipment, subjecting research findings to validation, and evaluating acquisition options. The new generator system, located at the south end of the tank, can produce waves at discrete frequencies with heights up to one meter, as well as FM Slides, and JONSWAP or Pierson-Moskowitz spectra with controlling parameters of driving wind velocity and scale ratio. Recognizing physical limits on wave-maker stroke, probabilities of clipping on axes of these two parameter values are displayed with their touch-pad selections. The theoretical stroke-to-wave height transfer gain of the wave flap is being compared with a number of measurement observations. Customers may specify their own wave characteristics if they are not adequately represented by these standard types. A new beach system is being developed at the north end of the tank that will allow long runs of variable wave incidence with minimal interference from reflections. The facility includes a well-equipped machine shop and assembly area, and extensive lifting and transport capabilities. As well as its renewables mission, “Oil Patch” business is invited. Potential users will find a skilled technical staff, relaxed hands-on atmosphere and a very attractive financial environment.
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Aude, Lucas. "UNREACHABLE IDEALS: BETWEEN SATIRE AND UTOPIA IN OTHER WORLDS OF LIAOZHAI ZHIYI." In 9th International Conference ISSUES OF FAR EASTERN LITERATURES. St. Petersburg State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062049.03.

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Luosha Haishi 羅殺海市 (Lz 132) is a very emblematic tale of Pu Songling’s (蒲松齡, 1640–1715), as it involves emblematic themes of Liaozhai zhiyi (聊齋誌異): a critical view of society, an adventure into enchanted lands, and a complex relationship to an independent, powerful woman. The tale tells about the journey of a man who, after having been lost at sea, visits two imaginary worlds. Luosha Haishi reveals its originality when comparing both these places. The first one, the Country of Rakshasas, is a state in which physical appearance determines one’s social status. This society is a satirical portrayal mirroring Pu’s vision of Qing China officialdom. Conversely, the City of the Sea, the character’s second place of stay, is a utopian undersea place where the character knows immediate success. Luosha Haishi thus makes the bitter statement of the impossibility to access glory and richness when one does not wish to hide behind appearances, while for it to occur it would require an ideal world that exists only in imagination.
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Hamed, Ashraf M., Paramsothy Jayakumar, Michael D. Letherwood, David J. Gorsich, Antonio M. Recuero, and Ahmed A. Shabana. "Ideal Compliant Joints and Integration of Computer Aided Design and Analysis." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34423.

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This paper discusses fundamental issues related to the integration of computer aided design and analysis (I-CAD-A) by introducing a new class of ideal compliant joints that account for the distributed inertia and elasticity. The absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) degrees of freedom are used in order to capture modes of deformation that cannot be captured using existing formulations. The ideal compliant joints developed can be formulated, for the most part, using linear algebraic equations, allowing for the elimination of the dependent variables at a preprocessing stage, thereby significantly reducing the problem dimension and array storage needed. Furthermore, the constraint equations are automatically satisfied at the position, velocity, and acceleration levels. When using the proposed approach to model large scale chain systems, differences in computational efficiency between the augmented formulation and the recursive methods are eliminated, and the CPU times resulting from the use of the two formulations become similar regardless of the complexity of the system. The elimination of the joint constraint equations and the associated dependent variables also contribute to the solution of a fundamental singularity problem encountered in the analysis of closed loop chains and mechanisms by eliminating the need to repeatedly change the chain or mechanism independent coordinates. It is shown that the concept of the knot multiplicity used in computational geometry methods, such as B-spline and NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline), to control the degree of continuity at the breakpoints is not suited for the formulation of many ideal compliant joints. As explained in this paper, this issue is closely related to the inability of B-spline and NURBS to model structural discontinuities. Another contribution of this paper is demonstrating that large deformation ANCF finite elements can be effective, in some MBS application, in solving small deformation problems. This is demonstrated using a heavily constrained tracked vehicle with flexible link chains. Without using the proposed approach, modeling such a complex system with flexible links can be very challenging. The analysis presented in this paper also demonstrates that adding significant model details does not necessarily imply increasing the complexity of the MBS algorithm.
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8

Wong, Kau-Fui V., Thomas Hutley, and Emma Salgado. "Offshore Wind Power and its Potential for Development in the West Wind Drift." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39825.

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Offshore wind power is an emerging technology capable of providing coastal cities, states, and countries with a substantial portion of their energy needs. The vast potential of offshore wind power has not been fully explored. This work endeavors to perform a review of the literature on offshore wind power. Structural, economic, and environmental aspects are discussed keeping in mind the current status of offshore wind power development around the world. Offshore wind power is a relatively new technology being used by countries such as Denmark, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, and China to provide larger and larger portions of their total energy needs. In 1991 Denmark opened its first commercial offshore wind farm in Vindeby producing a mere 4.95 MW of power. More ambitious projects followed and in 2001 the Middelgrunden, Copenhagen wind farm opened producing 40 MW of power. Then in 2000 the Horns Rev wind farm was put online producing 160 MW of power. The United Kingdom has many offshore wind power projects as well. The Blyth Offshore was opened in 2000 and produces 3.8 MW of power and several others in the United Kingdom produce anywhere from 10 to 90 MW of power. By 2007 end, Denmark had 402 MW and the UK had 395 MW, Ireland, Sweden and the Netherlands had varying amounts. Countries such as China and Germany are also leaders in the development of offshore wind power. In the United States, commercial offshore wind projects had a late start. The first operational offshore wind farms opened in 2007. However, the United States does not lag behind in wind power. In 2008 the United States produced more megawatt of wind power than any other country, making them the leader of wind power production. Offshore wind, however, only constitutes a tiny portion of the total wind power production of the United States. Recent advancements in the technology associated with wind power as a renewable energy source have made it a feasible form of climate change mitigation. Recent development has led countries such as Denmark, Portugal, and Spain to devote as much as 19% of their total energy production to wind power as of 2008, and is encouraging many other developed countries to do the same. This paper performs a review of the status of offshore wind projects internationally. It considers specifically the potential of the West Wind Drift near the southernmost tip of South America and the Antarctic Peninsula as a geographically and meteorologically advantageous location for the implementation of these wind technologies. Many of the more general problems associated with the use of wind turbines are eliminated by location alone. The winds that cause the Antarctic Circumpolar Currents (ACC) have a consistent west to east pattern and are some of the strongest winds on Earth, both ideal qualities when considering the possibility of wind power, and the wind in this area has very low intermittency. The average wind speed between 40°S and 60°S is 15 to 24 knots with strongest winds typically between 45°S and 55°S. Cape Horn is about 56°S [1]. Historically, the ACC has been called the ‘West Wind Drift’ because the prevailing westerly wind and current are both eastward. Owing to the remoteness of the Cape Horn area and Antarctica, many of the social matters associated with the development of wind farms are eliminated. Obvious factors must be considered when developing in such an area. The paper will cover the engineering requirements of turbines functioning in subzero temperatures consistently as well as the long distance transmission associated with development in this area and its economic feasibility. It will also cover the environmental and regulatory issues associated with the development in such an area.
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9

Ge, Shuchen, Liaoyuan Ai, Mingyang Li, and Chengli Song. "Endoscopic Closure of Large Defect Using Novel Endoscopic Clipping Device and 4S-Modified Roeder Knot." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3305.

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Endoscopic closure after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (EMR) or endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is necessary to eliminate serious complications. Through-the-Scope clips are usually used in treating GI bleeding and perforation for their convenience and reliable outcome, but they are not ideal when the perforation size is larger than 2 cm since their opening width is limited. Several approaches are introduced to reinforce the performance of clips in regarding gathering edges of large defect by using endoloop and clips with double-channel endoscope [1]. Recently, an innovative endoscopic suturing technique using slipknot string and clips with single-channel endoscope has been reported, which resulted in shorter procedure time [2]. However, slipknot cannot maintain for a long time when exposing to distractions due to its poor holding strength. We have designed and fabricated an endoscopic clipping device and reported its initial ex-vivo results [3]. In this paper, a new suturing method is presented by using this device incorporated with a 4S-Modified Roeder (4SMR) knot, which enables such device to close large defect in a short time. Furthermore, the mechanical strength of 4SMR knot is also studied.
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10

Li, Samuel Sai-Man, Charlie C. L. Wang, and Kin-Chuen Hui. "Correspondences Matching on 3D Mesh Models." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35010.

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This paper presents an approach to match correspondences on 3D meshes, which is an important step for the design automation of customized freeform objects. For a given template model with a set of anchor points defined (knots of semantic features), we identify the corresponding points on the target model by minimizing the sum of differences by a series of transformation regardless of their differences in postures, scales and/or positions. The basic idea of our algorithm is to transform the target model to the template model iteratively. Once the correspondences between the surface points on the target model and the template are determined, we have essentially found the semantic features on the target model. We achieve this goal by four major transformations: 1) Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS), 2) Orientation Alignment, 3) Anchor Points Based Matching, and 4) Matching Refinement. The proposed method has been tested on a series of real human bodies to re-locate feature anchor points that are defined on the template model.
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