Academic literature on the topic 'ICT diffusion'

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Journal articles on the topic "ICT diffusion"

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Peansupap, Vachara, and Derek Walker. "Factors affecting ICT diffusion." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 12, no. 1 (February 2005): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09699980510576871.

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Pilat, Dirk, Nadim Ahmad, and Paul Schreyer. "Measuring ICT diffusion in OECD countries." Économie internationale 98, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 11–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ecoi.098.0011.

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Cette, Gilbert, Jacques Mairesse, and Yusuf Kocoglu. "ICT diffusion and potential output growth." Economics Letters 87, no. 2 (May 2005): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2004.12.002.

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Lee, Sang-Gun, Chang-Gyu Yang, and Eui-Bang Lee. "ICT product diffusion in US and Korean markets." Industrial Management & Data Systems 115, no. 2 (March 9, 2015): 270–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-09-2014-0254.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify how adoption drivers change before and after key milestones of ICT product adoption (i.e. critical mass point (CMP) (adoption rate 16 percent), market saturation point (MSP) (50 percent) and new generation release point (NGRP)) based on actual subscriber data of the mobile communications industry that represents the ICT market, so that it has implications for the rejuvenation of ICT product adoption that has rarely been addressed in earlier studies. Design/methodology/approach – This study examined the overall characteristics of ICT product diffusion by tracking the actual patterns of US and Korean mobile market subscribers using the Bass diffusion model. Findings – This study found that innovation effects gain influences on ICT product diffusion after CMP, MSP and NGRP; imitators are becoming innovators by repeated rejuvenation experiences; and cultural differences have significant influences on imitators’ ICT product adoption, but not on innovators. Originality/value – These findings imply that rejuvenation enabled by technology innovation is a key success strategy to dominate the ICT market where the number of innovators, who have strong desires for new generation products, is constantly growing.
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Shirazi, Farid, Roya Gholami, and Dolores Añón Higón. "Do Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Trade Openness Explain the Disparity in ICT Diffusion between Asia-Pacific and the Islamic Middle Eastern Countries?" Journal of Global Information Management 18, no. 3 (July 2010): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2010070103.

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This study investigates the impact of FDI and trade openness on ICT diffusion in the Asia-Pacific and Middle East regions from 1996-2005. The results indicate that while dissimilarities exist between the economies included in this study in terms of their level of socio-economic and political development, education and the growth of GDP have had a positive impact on ICT diffusion in both regions. However, while FDI has generally had a positive and significant impact on ICT diffusion in Asia-Pacific economies, its impact on Middle Eastern economies has been detrimental. The results of this study also show that trade-openness has had, in general, a positive and significant impact on ICT diffusion.
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Yang, Hoon, Sang-Gun Lee, and Jae Kyung Kim. "Do Chasms Exist Between Developing, Newly Developed, and Developed Countries When It Comes to Adopting ICT Technology?" International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 3, no. 2 (April 2012): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jabim.2012040104.

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In this paper, the authors examine if a difference exists in adopting or diffusing information and communication technology (ICT) between developing and newly developed countries. To analyze the problem, the authors use the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) suggested by Venkatesh et al. (2003), which consists of effort expectancy, performance expectancy, and social influence. The authors also use innovation diffusion functions, made up of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline phases. The authors researched how these factors affect the adoption in the three phases. The authors surveyed cellular phone adopters in Thailand and South Korea for 15 years from 1989 to 2003. Thailand and South Korea each represent developing and newly developed countries, respectively. For the data analysis, survival analysis is used, because it can explain the characteristics of the potential adopters or non-adopters. They found that the ICT diffusion patterns, as well as the ICT diffusion factors, of the two countries are different. Therefore, the results of the authors’ research can be used to build a strategy to reduce the digital divide gaps among countries.
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Kalu, Kalu N. "The impact of ICT-diffusion on government effectiveness: what role for cultural practices?" International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior 22, no. 2 (May 16, 2019): 123–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijotb-07-2018-0087.

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Purpose Based on data collected over a 15 year period (2000–2015) for 89 countries selected across nine geopolitical regions of the world, the purpose of this paper is to explore the role of economic development and the Hofstede index of national cultures in influencing level of government effectiveness and ICT diffusion; as well as the impact of ICT diffusion on government effectiveness. The level of economic development and a country’s ranking on the E-government index were found significant in explaining ICT diffusion and level of government effectiveness, respectively. But the findings also indicate that only the cultural factors such as Indulgence and long-term orientation (LTO) were quite significant in explaining level of government of effectiveness and ICT diffusion, respectively. The findings conclude that while some cultural factors may provide partial explanations for a country’s level of government effectiveness or ICT diffusion, but for other cultural elements, the path of influence is still unclear and at best debatable. Hence, in light of the growing emphasis placed on it in the literature, the effect of culture is limited and may have been overstated. ICT diffusion, while a necessary tool for administrative efficiency, is only but one piece of a larger puzzle and should be developed in consideration of and in the context of a broader framework of economic development, institutional design and behavioral practices. Design/methodology/approach This study examines how existing ICT diffusion and infrastructures among a set of 89 countries spread across nine world geopolitical zones has been able to improve their government effectiveness – as measured by their relative scores or rankings on the global “government effectiveness index” over a 15 year period (2000–2015); and also how specific cultural factors may influence the level of ICT diffusion. Drawing data from the United Nations e-Government knowledge database, the United Nations Development Program, the GlobalEconomy.com, as well as other socio-demographic sources, I examine key and associated indicators that influence information technology diffusion and its contributory effects on level of government effectiveness; as well as the impact of national cultures on ICT diffusion. Findings Overall, the finding from this analysis point to the fact that only two of the Hofstede national culture variables were significant (LTO and Indulgence). The other four national culture variables (Power Distance, Individualism, Masculinity/Femininity and Uncertainty Avoidance) were not. Indulgence has a negative effect on level of government effectiveness, while LTO has a positive effect on ICT diffusion. The other culture variables were not significant in any of the regression models, but they seem to congregate much closer to or around the mean. Originality/value This is the only work of its kind that has utilized the seven Hofstede indicators to test for the relationship between culture and technology over a long period of 15 years.
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Meeplat, Nopparat. "Assessing Teachers‟ Attitude toward ICT Diffusion in Rural Primary School of Thailand." International Journal of Information and Education Technology 5, no. 6 (2015): 414–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijiet.2015.v5.541.

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Gbame, Hervé Daniel, and Silue Drissa. "Development Financier, Diffusion des tic et Croissance Economique dans les pays de l‘Uemoa." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 34 (November 30, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n34p18.

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L’objectif de ce papier est d’analyser le rôle de la diffusion des TIC dans l’analyse de la relation entre le développement financier et la croissance économique dans les pays de l’UEMOA en mettant un accent particulier sur leurs interactions. A partir d’un échantillon de 7 pays de cette zone, sur la période 1997 - 2019, et suite à l’utilisation d’une approche Pooled Mean Group (PMG) sur données de panels, les résultats montrent qu’à long terme, l’effet direct du développement financier sur la croissance économique est significativement négatif dans les pays de l’UEMOA. Secundo, la diffusion des TIC (mobile et l’Internet) a un effet positif et significatif sur la croissance économique. Enfin, l’interaction entre développement financier et la diffusion des TIC est significativement positif, prouvant ainsi que les pays de l’UEMOA ne peuvent bénéficier du développement financier qu’une fois qu’un seuil de diffusion des TIC atteint. Ce seuil de diffusion des TIC est respectivement de 168,7% et 38,1% pour le mobile et l’Internet. The objective of this paper is to analyze the role of ICT diffusion in the analysis of the relationship between financial development and economic growth in WAEMU countries with particular emphasis on their interactions. From a sample of 7 countries in this area, over the period 1997 - 2019, and following the use of a Pooled Mean Group (PMG) method on panel data, the results show that in the long term, the direct effect of financial development on economic growth is significantly negative in WAEMU countries. Secondly, ICT diffusion (mobile and Internet) has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Finally, the interaction between financial development and ICT diffusion is significantly positive, thus proving that WAEMU countries can only benefit from financial development once a threshold of ICT diffusion reached. This ICT diffusion threshold is respectively 168.7% and 38.1% for mobile and Internet.
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Tóth, Péter. "ICT diffusion in Hungary Nyuga-Dunántúl region." Netcom, no. 23-1/2 (June 1, 2009): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/netcom.898.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ICT diffusion"

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DI, FABIO SILVIO. "Essays on ICT diffusion." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/253659.

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Questa tesi introduce una classe di modelli epidemici di diffusione specificamente adattati alla descrizione e all'analisi delle tecnologie ICT, mediante la definizione di un mercato potenziale dinamico che dipende dalla dimensione della rete del numero di individui che hanno già adottato. Rispetto ai tradizionali prodotti “stand alone”, le tecnologie ICT hanno caratteristiche peculiari e differenti comportamenti di adozione che possono essere spiegati dagli effetti e dalle esternalità di rete. Dopo una panoramica dello stato dell'arte della letteratura sulla diffusione delle innovazioni e sulle reti (capitolo 1), viene presentato il lavoro teorico (capitolo 2). Qui, eseguiamo uno studio funzionale sistematico che conduce alla costruzione di una classe di nuovi modelli, alla loro parametrizzazione e analisi in statica comparata, e infine alla simulazione. Il modello di Bass, che assume un mercato potenziale fisso, è preso come riferimento per le comparazioni, oltre ad essere la struttura portante della nostra classe di modelli. Dalle simulazioni emerge che la nostra classe di modelli è in grado di descrivere gli effetti di rete (e le esternalità) e il loro ruolo nel plasmare la diffusione di tali tecnologie. Nel capitolo 3, testiamo la capacità di questa classe di modelli di spiegare empiricamente, con i dati di mercato, i percorsi storici di diffusione delle ICT, cercando di derivarne implicazioni utili per il policy maker (ad esempio, nel campo delle attuali agende digitali). Questo capitolo presenta la stima econometrica NLS dei modelli costruiti, prendendo come riferimento i percorsi di diffusione delle tecnologie a banda larga in alcuni paesi dell'UE: in particolare, ci concentriamo sulle serie storiche ITU di abbonamenti a banda larga fissa dei “cinque grandi” paesi europei. Le stime econometriche confermano che la nostra classe di modelli fornisce uno strumento analitico ed empirico originale per catturare e stilizzare i fenomeni di rete che dominano i percorsi di diffusione dei principali mercati delle telecomunicazioni e dei media, come la banda larga fissa. Come tale, consente anche una serie di esercizi di valutazione delle politiche future.
This thesis introduces a class of epidemic diffusion models specifically tailored to the description and analysis of ICT technologies, by defining a dynamic potential market that depends on the network size of the number of individuals who have already adopted. Compared to traditional “stand alone” products, ICT technologies have peculiar characteristics and different adoption behaviours that can be explained by network effects and externalities. After an overview of the state of the art of the literature on the diffusion of innovations and on networks (chapter 1), the theoretical work is presented (chapter 2). Here, we carry out a systematic functional study leading to the construction of a class of new models, to their parameterization and analysis in comparative statics, and finally simulation. The basic Bass model, which assumes a fixed potential market, is taken as a reference for comparisons, beside being the backbone of our class of models. From the simulations, it emerges that our class of models is able to describe the network effects (and externalities) and their role in shaping the diffusion of such technologies. In chapter 3, we test the capability of this class of models to explain empirically, with market data, the historical ICT diffusion paths, trying to derive useful implications for the policy-maker (for example, in the realm of contemporary digital agendas). This chapter features the NLS econometric estimation of the previous models, taking as a reference the real diffusion paths of broadband technologies in selected EU countries: in particular, we focus on the ITU time series of fixed broadband subscriptions of the "five big" European countries. The econometric estimates confirm that our class of models provides an original analytical and empirical instrument for capturing and stylizing the network phenomena that dominate the diffusion paths of the main telecommunications and media markets, such as fixed broadband. As such, it also enables a series of future policy evaluation exercises.
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Alkalbani, Saeed. "Exploring ICT adoption and diffusion in the Omani construction industry." Thesis, University of Salford, 2009. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26524/.

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Realising the importance of the need to shift its economy away from its oil and gas resources, the government of the Sultanate of Oman has developed and launched a long-term development strategy, the 'Oman Vision 2020' plan (1996-2020) which focuses on ICT and the fundamental establishment of a knowledge economy to increase Oman's economic productivity and thereby improve the citizens' livelihood. However, the Omani construction sector, in particular, is lagging behind this vision. Worldwide, construction is the largest industrial sector, and currently in Oman the construction industry is considered to be one of the most important contributors to GDP, and is the largest private sector in terms of employment. The Omani construction economy is deregulated; it is open to external investors who are creating a highly competitive environment which is putting local organisations at threat, many of which are now operating in survival mode. Current practices rely on traditional, paper based processes; communications and collaboration on construction projects are conducted mostly via traditional methods with little use of technology other than telephone and fax; computers and advanced ICT are employed in an ad hoc manner, and there is little evidence of knowledge management. There are a number of limitations, problems, and barriers to the effective development of the industry, and a considerable gap exists between the modus operandi of the construction sectors in the developed economies and that in Oman. The outcome of this research is a staged ICT Construction Roadmap for the diffusion of ICT in the Omani construction industry to bring construction in line with the Sultanate's Oman Vision 2020. Oman has a long road to follow as it needs first to attain the technological capability and maturity already achieved elsewhere in the world. Once the industry has achieved this, it will then be able to continue advancing with the industries elsewhere and thereby be in a position to compete at an international level.
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Fung, Shu-fun. "Diffusion and innovation of ICT in Hong Kong school practice." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40039961.

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Fung, Shu-fun, and 馮樹勳. "Diffusion and innovation of ICT in Hong Kong school practice." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40039961.

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Jagodic, Jana. "The role of an ICT change agent in ICT diffusion within technology projects in public and private sector setting." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2008. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/38046.

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Rapid changes in the competitive environment and increasing customer demands drive the public and private sectors to innovate by continually investing millions of dollars in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) projects. Basically, organisations depend on ICT technology for every part of their business. Companies are not only challenged to apply new technologies to remain competitive, they also need to spread (diffuse), manage and implement technological innovation across extended organisational boundaries. Diffusion, management and implementation of ICT innovation involve a considerable amount of risk and potentially protracted delays of technological projects. As a consequence of high demand for ICT innovation, as well as the risk of failure, a wide range of organisations such as state agencies and banks now employ so-called change agents to diffuse, manage and implement innovation within technological projects. While a large number of academics and practitioners are concerned with change agents who alter organisational culture, structure and processes, relatively little research has been undertaken on the role of ICT change agents in the innovation process. Thus, this professional doctorate study aims to fill that gap by exploring ICT change agents’ project work experiences within state agencies and banks and fuse them with theory. The research is based on case study methodology, including 41 cases within 12 target organisations in Australia and Germany. As a former ICT change agent, the researcher of this Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) study applied mixed research methods, also incorporating her ICT project experiences by using an individual reflection model. From this investigation emerged that change agents’ roles are embedded in components (organisational structure, project stages) and processes (ICT diffusion, informal networks). These findings underpin the model of ICT change agents who perform the multiple linker roles of these components and processes in order to deliver set project outcomes. The model is designed to inform practice by providing guidance for advanced ICT change agents’ training in public and private sector settings.
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Jagodic, Jana. "The role of an ICT change agent in ICT diffusion within technology projects in public and private sector setting." University of Ballarat, 2008. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/14613.

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Rapid changes in the competitive environment and increasing customer demands drive the public and private sectors to innovate by continually investing millions of dollars in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) projects. Basically, organisations depend on ICT technology for every part of their business. Companies are not only challenged to apply new technologies to remain competitive, they also need to spread (diffuse), manage and implement technological innovation across extended organisational boundaries. Diffusion, management and implementation of ICT innovation involve a considerable amount of risk and potentially protracted delays of technological projects. As a consequence of high demand for ICT innovation, as well as the risk of failure, a wide range of organisations such as state agencies and banks now employ so-called change agents to diffuse, manage and implement innovation within technological projects. While a large number of academics and practitioners are concerned with change agents who alter organisational culture, structure and processes, relatively little research has been undertaken on the role of ICT change agents in the innovation process. Thus, this professional doctorate study aims to fill that gap by exploring ICT change agents’ project work experiences within state agencies and banks and fuse them with theory. The research is based on case study methodology, including 41 cases within 12 target organisations in Australia and Germany. As a former ICT change agent, the researcher of this Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) study applied mixed research methods, also incorporating her ICT project experiences by using an individual reflection model. From this investigation emerged that change agents’ roles are embedded in components (organisational structure, project stages) and processes (ICT diffusion, informal networks). These findings underpin the model of ICT change agents who perform the multiple linker roles of these components and processes in order to deliver set project outcomes. The model is designed to inform practice by providing guidance for advanced ICT change agents’ training in public and private sector settings.
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Peansupap, Vachara, and vachara peansupap@rmit edu au. "An Exploratory Approach to the Diffusion of ICT in a Project Environment." RMIT University. Property, Construction and Project Management, 2005. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20050331.101946.

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The research aims to understand the nature of ICT diffusion at the intra-organisational level. It uses both quantitative and qualitative research approaches to identify factors and processes influencing ICT diffusion at the actual implementation phase. The result indicates that management, individual and technology group factors are essential to ICT diffusion at the initial adoption stage. In addition, the integration of change management and knowledge sharing and learning theory to diffusion of innovation theory can help to better explain ICT diffusion at the actual implementation stage.
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Azam, Md Shah. "Diffusion of ICT and SME Performance : the mediating effects of integration and utilisation." Thesis, Curtin University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1964.

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This research examines the diffusion of ICT and its impact on SME performance with a special focus to the mediating effects of integration and utilisation of ICT. Applying a mixed method research approach, a qualitative field study followed by a quantitative survey, the study revealed that ICT usage didn’t contribute firm performance immediately. However Integration and proper utilisation are important variables which mediate the impact of ICT use on firm performance.
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White, Gerald Kingswood. "Diffusion of ICT in education and the role of collaboration: a study of EdNA." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2559.

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This research explored the diffusion of information and communications technology (ICT) innovations in education through a case study of Education Network Australia (EdNA) spanning fourteen years since EdNA's establishment in 1995.The study began by developing a comprehensive and original chronological history of the establishment, development and management of EdNA, with a particular focus on the collaboration amongst stakeholders in all of these phases. Four research questions were developed for the study to address. Evidence from documentary analysis, interviews with stakeholders and personal recollections was triangulated in addressing those questions.From a theoretical point of view, in the absence of theory specific to diffusion of ICT innovations in education, the research used as a theoretical starting point the work of Rogers (2003) on diffusion of innovations more generally. The analysis and interpretation of the literature related to Rogers’ theory highlighted that the likelihood of success of an innovation appears to be linked to its antecedents and pattern of its take up.An additional dimension of the theoretical framework of this study concerned the concept of collaboration amongst stakeholders – demonstrably a key concept in relation to EdNA, but one which has been very poorly defined in the literature. This study therefore developed a clear definition of collaboration in education for application to large scale projects such as EdNA, distilling the definition and characteristics of collaboration from previous work by Education.au Limited (2004) and Clark (2008).The above led to the theoretical proposition that the successful diffusion of an ICT innovation in education can be judged by its antecedents, its rate of population take up and the strength of collaboration associated with it. This theory was tested through a detailed analysis, using evidence from the EdNA case study.The findings of the study were that the new theory provided a robust basis for analysis of the diffusion of EdNA and the role of collaboration in that diffusion. Specifically, collaboration was found to be strong at high levels of influence (senior officials) in the establishment phases of the development of EdNA with leadership from the Commonwealth and a commitment to the initiative by State education and training Ministers and their senior staffs. The indicators of the likelihood of success were in place within five years after which time the national bodies sought a wider education technology agenda. The national initiative then operated by cooperation (Himmelmann, 1993) for a short period before moving to coordination by Education.au as the managing body in consultation with the Commonwealth and the States. During the coordination period innovation with EdNA services and new social technologies deployed on EdNA were strong and led to the emergence of online collaboration among users.The shift from national collaboration at a high level of influence in establishing the EdNA initiative to online collaboration among users as a result of innovation supports the proposal that collaboration in education is the process of co-creating knowledge while sharing physical or virtual space. However, this research did not support the view that the role of collaboration, beyond the establishment of the initiative, had a positive effect on the diffusion of ICT innovations in education because intensive collaboration is very demanding in terms of time and resources.This study addressed major theoretical and analytical gaps in the literature on diffusion of large-scale, national ICT innovations in education. It provides a sound basis for future research and practice.
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Persson, Johan, and Andreas Torbiörnsson. "Banking the Unbanked – The Case of Mobile Money in Nepal." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-125614.

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This thesis investigates ICT diffusion in the context of developing countries, morespecifically in the case of Mobile Money in the Asian country Nepal. Mobile Moneyhas recently emerged in Nepal and has the potential to improve the lives of millions.The aim of the thesis was to examine the dominant business models in Nepal and thebarriers and drivers for the future diffusion of Mobile Money in Nepal. This was donethrough a case study consisting of a field study in Nepal and an extensive literaturereview in the field of ICT diffusion and Mobile Money. Interviews with stakeholdersin the Mobile Money business ecosystem, observations and databases fromorganizations such as the World Bank were used as data sources. The results showthat there are both barriers and drivers for Mobile Money and that the attitudes ofinstitutions, in this case the central bank, have a high impact on diffusion. The introduction of a technology into a new context was affirmed to be a complex,multi-dimensional process. However, in the case of Nepal, one of the solutions couldbe to improve institutional attitudes and make the regulations more accommodating.
Detta examensarbete undersöker spridningen av informations- och kommunikationsteknik(ICT) i utvecklingsländer. Fallet som undersöks är ‘Mobile Money’ i Nepal.‘Mobile Money’ har nyligen introducerats i Nepal och har potentialen att förbättralivet för miljontals människor. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka dedominerande affärsmodellerna i Nepal samt vilka drivkrafter och hinder det finns föratt ‘Mobile Money’ ska spridas inom landet. För att möta syftet genomfördes enfältstudie i Nepal tillsammans med en omfattande litteraturstudie inom ICT spridningoch ‘Mobile Money’. Intervjuer med intressenter inom ‘Mobile Money’,observationer samt information från databaser från t.ex. Världsbanken har använtssom datakällor. Resultaten av studien visar att det finns både hinder och drivkrafterför ‘Mobile Money’ i Nepal och att inställningen hos landets institutioner, i detta fallCentralbanken, har en stor påverkan på spridningen. Införandet av teknik i en ny kontext, eller land i detta fall, visade sig vara en komplex,multidimensionell process. En lösning i Nepal skulle dock kunna vara att förbättraden institutionella attityden och göra regleringarna mer tillmötesgående.
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Books on the topic "ICT diffusion"

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Lechman, Ewa. ICT Diffusion in Developing Countries. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18254-4.

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Hur, Jai-Joon. ICT diffusion and skill upgrading in Korean industries. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economic Research, 2002.

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Chéron, Arnaud. The "dynamic" of job competition during the ICT revolution. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2007.

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Kam, Wong Poh. ICT production and diffusion in Asia: Digital dividends or digital divide? Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 2001.

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Baliamoune-Lutz, Mina. The new economy and developing countries: Assessing the role of ICT diffusion. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 2002.

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Addison, Tony. The new global determinants of FDI flows to developing countries: The importance of ICT and democratization. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 2003.

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Koski, Heli. ICT clusters in Europe: The great central banana and the small nordic potato. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 2001.

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Vinne, G. Van Der. Travel time and longitudinal dispersion characteristics on the ice-covered Wapiti and Smoky Rivers. Edmonton, Alta: Environmental Research and Engineering Dept., Alberta Research Council, 1990.

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Varra, Lucia, ed. Dal dato diffuso alla conoscenza condivisa. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-177-5.

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At the present time, the tourist destination offers a stimulating laboratory for the experimentation of theoretical models and good practices on the subjects of governance, knowledge management and sustainable competition. Growing interest in the study of this territorial context gains impetus from the new approaches and tools that local administrations are starting to introduce in the phases of implementation and control of local strategies. In this respect, the Tourist Destination Observatory (OTD) represents an important innovation, offering a nerve centre for the aggregation and networking of heterogeneous data scattered over the territory as well as a model for the implementation of permanent approaches to social dialogue as prerequisites for the creation of knowledge and for an aware, shared, competitive and responsible development of the destination. The OTD can act as an efficient agent of local change, facilitating the processes of governance, and as a tool of knowledge management for the valorisation of intellectual capital. It is consequently a crucial support for the strategic repositioning of mountain resorts, which can represent valid responses to the emerging new modes of interpreting the holiday.
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Vinne, G. Van Der. Winter tracer dye studies on the North Saskatchewan River, Edmonton to Saskatchewan border. Edmonton, Alta: Environmental Research and Engineering Dept., Alberta Research Council, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "ICT diffusion"

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Lechman, Ewa. "Technology Diffusion." In ICT Diffusion in Developing Countries, 29–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18254-4_3.

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Lechman, Ewa. "What Matters for ICT Diffusion?" In ICT Diffusion in Developing Countries, 167–222. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18254-4_5.

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Stojkoski, Viktor, Tamara Dimitrova, Petar Jovanovski, Ana Sokolovska, and Ljupco Kocarev. "Local Diffusion Versus Random Relocation in Random Walks." In ICT Innovations 2017, 57–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67597-8_6.

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Lechman, Ewa. "Introduction." In ICT Diffusion in Developing Countries, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18254-4_1.

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Lechman, Ewa. "Technology, The Economy, and Society: Casting the Bridges—Introductory Notes." In ICT Diffusion in Developing Countries, 7–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18254-4_2.

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Lechman, Ewa. "Information and Communication Technologies Diffusion Patterns in Developing Countries: Empirical Evidence." In ICT Diffusion in Developing Countries, 83–166. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18254-4_4.

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Lechman, Ewa. "Conclusion, Recommendations and Implications." In ICT Diffusion in Developing Countries, 223–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18254-4_6.

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Khan, Anupriya, and Satish Krishnan. "ICT Laws, Uncertainty Avoidance, and ICT Diffusion: Insights from Cross-Country Data." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 73–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20671-0_6.

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Chiam, Ching Leen. "Learning Networks in Supporting Innovation Diffusion." In Scaling up ICT-based Innovations in Schools, 315–33. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4469-6_16.

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Byrne, Elaine, and Lizette Weilbach. "A human environmentalist approach to diffusion in ICT policies." In Social Dimensions Of Information And Communication Technology Policy, 209–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-84822-8_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "ICT diffusion"

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"Session 7: ICT developments and diffusion." In 2016 International Conference on Information Society (i-Society). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i-society.2016.7854190.

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He, Guiping, Qinghai Yang, Fenglin Fu, and Kyung Sup Kwak. "Percolation theory aided data diffusion for mobile wireless networks." In 2012 International Conference on ICT Convergence (ICTC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2012.6386780.

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Pearce, Katy E. "ICT diffusion in the Republic of Armenia." In the Fifth International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2160673.2160713.

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"Session 1: Infonomics, E-technology, ICT developments and diffusion." In 2014 9th International Conference for Internet Technology and Secured Transactions (ICITST). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icitst.2014.7038779.

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Oreku, George S., Li Jiangzhong, and Fredrick J. Mtenzi. "Feasibility study for ecommerce and ICT diffusion- adoption in EAC." In 2007 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscit.2007.4392217.

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Nada, Nader, Nadir Ahmed Gaylani, and Abusflan Elgelany. "Barriers facing the diffusion of innovation in ICT sector in Sudan." In 2014 IEEE 8th International Conference on Application of Information and Communication Technologies (AICT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaict.2014.7035980.

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Kantelis, Konstantinos, Georgios Papadimitriou, Petros Nikopolitidis, Ioannis Vlahavas, Olga Tsave, and Athanasios Salifoglou. "Message dissemination dynamics in biological communication systems: A reaction-diffusion approach." In 2017 24th International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ict.2017.7998265.

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Xiuxiu Zhao and Hengwu Li. "Research on Diffusion Prediction Model of Weblog Events." In 2015 International Conference on Information and Communications Technologies (ICT 2015). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2015.0246.

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Sulaiman, Zahir, and Marhoon Al-Abri. "Does Competition Matters in Leveraging ICT Diffusion? A Case Analysis of Oman." In 2008 Third International Conference on Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology (ICCIT). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccit.2008.384.

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Sang, Hui An, and Dwen-Ren Tsai. "Analyzing Strategies of Integrating ICT into Teaching Activities Using Innovation Diffusion Theory." In 2009 Fifth International Joint Conference on INC, IMS and IDC. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ncm.2009.323.

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Reports on the topic "ICT diffusion"

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Juhász, Réka, and Claudia Steinwender. Spinning the Web: The Impact of ICT on Trade in Intermediates and Technology Diffusion. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24590.

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Thomas, Douglas, and Mellon Michael. Sublimation of terrestrial permafrost and the implications for ice-loss processes on Mars. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41244.

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Sublimation of ice is rate-controlled by vapor transport away from its outer surface and may have generated landforms on Mars. In ice-cemented ground (permafrost), the lag of soil particles remaining after ice loss decreases subsequent sublimation. Varying soil-ice ratios lead to differential lag development. Here we report 52 years of sublimation measurements from a permafrost tunnel near Fairbanks, Alaska, and constrain models of sublimation, diffusion through porous soil, and lag formation. We derive the first long-term in situ effective diffusion coefficient of ice-free loess, a Mars analog soil, of 9.05 × 10⁻⁶ m² s⁻¹, ~5× larger than past theoretical studies. Exposed ice-wedge sublimation proceeds ~4× faster than predicted from analogy to heat loss by buoyant convection, a theory frequently employed in Mars studies. Our results can be used to map near-surface ice-content differences, identify surface processes controlling landform formation and morphology, and identify target landing sites for human exploration of Mars.
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Strauss, H. L., Z. Chen, and C. K. Loong. The diffusion of H{sub 2} in hexagonal ice at low temperature. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/188926.

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Or, Dani, Shmulik Friedman, and Jeanette Norton. Physical processes affecting microbial habitats and activity in unsaturated agricultural soils. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7587239.bard.

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experimental methods for quantifying effects of water content and other dynamic environmental factors on bacterial growth in partially-saturated soils. Towards this end we reviewed critically the relevant scientific literature and performed theoretical and experimental studies of bacterial growth and activity in modeled, idealized and real unsaturated soils. The natural wetting-drying cycles common to agricultural soils affect water content and liquid organization resulting in fragmentation of aquatic habitats and limit hydraulic connections. Consequently, substrate diffusion pathways to soil microbial communities become limiting and reduce nutrient fluxes, microbial growth, and mobility. Key elements that govern the extent and manifestation of such ubiquitous interactions include characteristics of diffusion pathways and pore space, the timing, duration, and extent of environmental perturbations, the nature of microbiological adjustments (short-term and longterm), and spatial distribution and properties of EPS clusters (microcolonies). Of these key elements we have chosen to focus on a manageable subset namely on modeling microbial growth and coexistence on simple rough surfaces, and experiments on bacterial growth in variably saturated sand samples and columns. Our extensive review paper providing a definitive “snap-shot” of present scientific understanding of microbial behavior in unsaturated soils revealed a lack of modeling tools that are essential for enhanced predictability of microbial processes in soils. We therefore embarked on two pronged approach of development of simple microbial growth models based on diffusion-reaction principles to incorporate key controls for microbial activity in soils such as diffusion coefficients and temporal variations in soil water content (and related substrate diffusion rates), and development of new methodologies in support of experiments on microbial growth in simple and observable porous media under controlled water status conditions. Experimental efforts led to a series of microbial growth experiments in granular media under variable saturation and ambient conditions, and introduction of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) to study cell size, morphology and multi-cell arrangement at a high resolution from growth experiments in various porous media. The modeling efforts elucidated important links between unsaturated conditions and microbial coexistence which is believed to support the unparallel diversity found in soils. We examined the role of spatial and temporal variation in hydration conditions (such as exist in agricultural soils) on local growth rates and on interactions between two competing microbial species. Interestingly, the complexity of soil spaces and aquatic niches are necessary for supporting a rich microbial diversity and the wide array of microbial functions in unsaturated soils. This project supported collaboration between soil physicists and soil microbiologist that is absolutely essential for making progress in both disciplines. It provided a few basic tools (models, parameterization) for guiding future experiments and for gathering key information necessary for prediction of biological processes in agricultural soils. The project sparked a series of ongoing studies (at DTU and EPFL and in the ARO) into effects of soil hydration dynamics on microbial survival strategy under short term and prolonged desiccation (important for general scientific and agricultural applications).
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Singh, Niranjan. A Method of Sound Wave Diffusion in Motor Vehicle Exhaust Systems. Unitec ePress, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.072.

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It is common practice among young vehicle owners to modify the exhaust system of their vehicle to reduce exhaust backpressure with the perception that the output power increases. In the process of backpressure reduction, the output noise (Whakapau) of the vehicle also increases correspondingly. The conflict of interest that arises from modified vehicle exhaust systems and the general public is well publicised. This prototype was designed to meet the demands of exhaust back pressure reduction while at the same time mitigate the sound output of the vehicle. The design involves lining a cylindrical pipe with common glass marbles which is normally used for playing. The marbles are made of a sustainable material as it does not erode when exposed to exhaust gases and it is easily recycled. The prototype muffler is much smaller in size when compared to conventional mufflers. All tests were done in a simulated controlled environment and data collated using approved New Zealand Transport Agency testing regime. It has to be noted that the test focus was noise mitigation and not comprehensive engine performance testing. The results of the test prove a reduction of sound levels, however more testing needs to be undertaken with varying annulus depth, marble sizes and arrangements and engine loads.
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Lajosi, Krisztina. ECMI Minorities Blog. Disinformation, Digital Nationalism and the Hungarian Minority in Ukraine. European Centre for Minority Issues, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53779/slwe2333.

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The Hungarian minority in Ukraine living mainly in the region of Transcarpathia (Zakarpattia Oblast) has not yet been directly exposed to the horrors of the war. However, roughly since 2014, it has been targeted by online propaganda and disinformation serving the interests of the Kremlin in both Russian and Hungarian media. Several studies have demonstrated how the right-wing media supporting the Hungarian government have come increasingly under Russian influence either directly by translating pieces from Russian media outlets, or indirectly by channeling the talking points of the Kremlin. This digital propaganda has merged with the offline diffusion of ideologies supporting the illiberal democracy that Viktor Orbán declared official policy in Hungary in his infamous speech from 2014. This blog post explores the intricate web of nationalisms that influence political opinions among the Hungarian minority in Ukraine.
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Streicher, Jürgen, Angela Wroblewski, Klaus Schuch, and Sybille Reidl. RTI Policy Note on Evaluating Social Innovations. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2021.519.

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Expectations of research, technology and innovation (RTI) policy are shifting towards effectively addressing major societal challenges. Due to its potential to increase innovative dynamics, to develop new knowledge and create new solutions, social innovation is increasingly promoted. This raises questions about (potential) effects and impacts of social innovation. The assessment of impacts is a rather new topic in this field, respective research is still in its early stages. This paper proposes to focus on the change of social practices within RTI ecosystems when assessing social innovation. The ecosystem approach is not only a helpful concept to analyse the emergence and diffusion of social innovation in a specific context, it can also be used to support and guide policy design. Implication for evaluation design are discussed and analytical categories presented. A set of measurement dimensions is proposed that can be used in evaluation designs and for future research.
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Bravo-Ureta, Boris E., Eric Njuki, Ana Claudia Palacios, and Lina Salazar. Agricultural Productivity in El Salvador: A Preliminary Analysis. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004020.

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The need to enhance food security while reducing poverty along with the growing threat imposed by climate change clearly reveal that it is imperative to accelerate agricultural productivity growth. This paper estimates micro-level production models to identify the major factors that have contributed to productivity growth in El Salvador, including irrigation, purchased inputs, mechanization, technical assistance, and farm size, among others. The econometric framework adopted in this investigation is grounded on recent panel data stochastic production frontier methodologies. The results obtained from the estimation of these models are used to calculate Total Factor Productivity (TFP) change and to decompose such change into different factors, including technological progress, technical efficiency (TE), and economies of scale. The findings imply that efforts are needed to improve productivity in both technological progress and technical efficiency where the latter is a measurement of managerial performance. This in turn indicates that resources should be devoted to promoting the adoption and diffusion of improved technologies while enhancing managerial capabilities through agricultural extension.
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Cuesta-Valiño, Pedro. Happiness Management. A Social Well-being multiplier. Social Marketing and Organizational Communication. Edited by Rafael Ravina-Ripoll. Editorial Universidad de Sevilla, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/2022.happiness-management.

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On behalf of the Happiness University Network, we are pleased to present here an extract of the information concerning the universities working to generate the diffusion of this network. Specifically, with the support of the University of Salamanca and the Pontifical University of Salamanca the aim is to create a friendly and working environment for the dissemination and discussion of the latest scientific and practical developments in the fields of happiness economics, corporate wellbeing, happiness management and organisational communication. It also offers an opportunity for productive encounters, the promotion of collaborative projects and the encouragement of international networking. Below you will find papers related to: Economics of happiness, happiness management, organisational communication, welfare state economics, consumer happiness, leadership, social marketing, happiness management and SDGs, happiness management in human resource strategies, learning and competencies in happiness management, learning and competencies in social well-being, measurement and indicators of happiness and well-being and history of welfare economics.
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Wright, Timothy. Hypersonic Missile Proliferation: An Emerging European Problem. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/qvhv3959.

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The supposed benefits of hypersonic missile technology and the reconsideration of the European security landscape following Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine may act as a catalyst for multiple European states to acquire or develop high-speed systems. Although these systems are currently challenging to develop, trends in other missile technology point towards a gradual diffusion of explicit and tacit knowledge that ultimately lowers production costs, resulting in greater affordability and accessibility. Coupled with inefficient non-proliferation barriers and the gradual erosion of the cold war arms control architecture, it is likely that these systems will be fielded by several European countries in the next 10 to 15 years. Reflecting this projection, this paper considers in detail various European hypersonic missile programmes and explains the applications of these systems and their possible implications for European stability, including existing technical and policy barriers that impede proliferation. In unravelling these, the paper proposes how policymakers can strengthen these mechanisms, achieve deterrence without undermining stability and better manage this emerging security issue.
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