Relevant bibliographies by topics / ICS

Academic literature on the topic 'ICS'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "ICS"

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Lanciu Dorofte, Andreea, Cristian Dima, Alina Ceoromila, Andreea Botezatu, Rodica Dinica, Iulia Bleoanca, and Daniela Borda. "Controlled Release of β-CD-Encapsulated Thyme Essential Oil from Whey Protein Edible Packaging." Coatings 13, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13030508.

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Whey edible films (EFs) functionalized with essential oils have a high potential to be used on various foods due to their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Encapsulation is applied for a better retention of volatiles in EFs; however, the functional properties of EFs are modified. The properties of EFs containing thyme essential oil (TEO) encapsulated by co-precipitation in β-CD, developed in three formulae, with inclusion complexes (EF/IC1, EF/IC2, and EF/IC3, respectively) in 15:85, 26:74, and 35:65 mass ratios were studied. Thymol is the main volatile in the ICs with TEO/β-CD (50%–60% of the total volatiles). In comparison with EF/TEO, all three formulae with EF/ICs had better, but similar, WVPs (p > 0.05). The EF/IC2 displayed a different FTIR profile than EF/IC1 and EF/IC3, suggesting a smaller number of free functional groups. The EF/IC2 showed better transparency in comparison with EF/IC1 and EF/IC3. All EF/ICs moderately inhibited R. glutinis, with the strongest activity registered by EF/IC3 (p < 0.05), but did not inhibit G. candidum, while showing a strong antibacterial activity against B. cereus. All EF/ICs inhibited 65%–70% of the total free radicals. The EF/ICs ensured a gradual release of VOCs in food simulants, with a higher rate in 95% ethanol than in water. These results have demonstrated the properties of EF/ICs with TEO/β-CD as bioactive packaging systems for foods.
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Ogawa, K., R. Kamiya, C. G. Wilkerson, and G. B. Witman. "Interspecies conservation of outer arm dynein intermediate chain sequences defines two intermediate chain subclasses." Molecular Biology of the Cell 6, no. 6 (June 1995): 685–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.6.6.685.

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Immunological analysis showed that antibodies against the intermediate chains (ICs) IC2 and IC3 of sea urchin outer arm dynein specifically cross-reacted with intermediate chains IC78 and IC69, respectively, of Chlamydomonas outer arm dynein. In contrast, no specific cross-reactivity with any Chlamydomonas outer arm polypeptide was observed using antibody against IC1 of sea urchin outer arm dynein. To learn more about the relationships between the different ICs, overlapping cDNAs encoding all of IC2 and IC3 of sea urchin were isolated and sequenced. Comparison of these sequences with those previously obtained for the Chlamydomonas ICs revealed that, although all four chains are homologous, sea urchin IC2 is much more closely related to Chlamydomonas IC78 (45.8% identity), and sea urchin IC3 is much more closely related to Chlamydomonas IC69 (48.5% identity), than either sea urchin chain is related to the other (23.5% identity). For homologous pairs, the similarities extend throughout the full lengths of the chains. Regions of similarity between all four ICs and the IC (IC74) of cytoplasmic dynein, located in the C-terminal halves of the chains, are due primarily to conservation of the WD repeats present in all of these ICs. This is the first demonstration that structural differences between individual ICs within an outer arm dynein have been highly conserved in the dyneins of distantly related species. The results provide a basis for the subclassification of these chains.
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Rühl-Teichner, Johanna, Lisa Jacobmeyer, Ursula Leidner, Torsten Semmler, and Christa Ewers. "Genomic Diversity, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Biofilm Formation of Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from Horses." Microorganisms 11, no. 3 (February 22, 2023): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030556.

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Acinetobacter (A.) baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe infections in humans and animals, including horses. The occurrence of dominant international clones (ICs), frequent multidrug resistance, and the capability to form biofilms are considered major factors in the successful spread of A. baumannii in human and veterinary clinical environments. Since little is known about A. baumannii isolates from horses, we studied 78 equine A. baumannii isolates obtained from clinical samples between 2008 and 2020 for their antimicrobial resistance (AMR), clonal distribution, biofilm-associated genes (BAGs), and biofilm-forming capability. Based on whole-genome sequence analyses, ICs, multilocus (ML) and core-genome ML sequence types (STs), and AMR genes were determined. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by microbroth dilution. A crystal violet assay was used for biofilm quantification. Almost 37.2% of the isolates were assigned to IC1 (10.3%), IC2 (20.5%), and IC3 (6.4%). Overall, the isolates revealed high genomic diversity. We identified 51 different STs, including 22 novel STs (ST1723–ST1744), and 34 variants of the intrinsic oxacillinase (OXA), including 8 novel variants (OXA-970 to OXA-977). All isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cephalexin, cefpodoxime, and nitrofurantoin. IC1-IC3 isolates were also resistant to gentamicin, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. All isolates were susceptible to imipenem. Thirty-one multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates mainly accumulated in the IC1-IC3 groups. In general, these isolates showed less biofilm formation (IC1 = 25.0%, IC2 = 18.4%, IC3 = 15.0%) than the group of non-IC1-IC3 isolates (58.4%). Isolates belonging to the same ICs/STs revealed identical BAG patterns. BAG blp1 was absent in all isolates, whereas bfmR and pgaA were present in all isolates. At the level of the IC groups, the AMR status was negatively correlated with the isolates’ ability to form a biofilm. A considerable portion of equine A. baumannii isolates revealed ICs/STs that are globally present in humans. Both an MDR phenotype and the capability to form biofilms might lead to therapeutic failures in equine medicine, particularly due to the limited availability of licensed drugs.
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Bassiouni, Rania, Michael Idowu, Lee D. Gibbs, Pamela J. Grizzard, Michelle G. Webb, Ashley Noriega, Valentina Robila, David W. Craig, and John D. Carpten. "Abstract 2032: Comprehensive spatial transcriptomic analysis of an integrated, diverse cohort reveals distinct molecular topographic patterns in triple negative breast cancer." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 2032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2032.

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Abstract Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer that disproportionately affects African-American and black (AAB) women, who have higher rates of incidence and mortality. To understand this disparity, we must apply advanced molecular profiling to racially diverse cohorts. We propose the use of spatial transcriptomics to map whole transcriptome data to several thousand coordinates within tissue sections, for comprehensive and unbiased characterization of TNBC tumors and their microenvironment. Methods: We applied the Visium Spatial Gene Expression method (10x Genomics) to 28 fresh frozen TNBC tissue sections obtained from 14 patients (7 AAB and 7 Non-Hispanic White). Sections were stained with H&E, and regions of tumor and stroma were annotated by a pathologist. The assay yielded whole transcriptome data from over 36,000 spatially-defined features, averaging 1,380 features per section. Expression data from each sample was normalized and subject to dimensionality reduction and clustering analysis. All sections were also integrated into a single dataset, from which integrated clusters (IC) were defined. Several bioinformatics tools were used to annotate the data at the feature, cluster, and IC level. Join count statistical analysis was employed to quantify patterns of spatial aggregation or dispersion of ICs across samples. Results: Clustering analysis revealed that all samples exhibited a great deal of heterogeneity; most contained several transcriptionally distinct regions of both tumor and stroma. Application of the ESTIMATE gene sets at the feature level accurately defined tumor and non-malignant regions when compared to histopathological annotation. Gene set enrichment analysis at the cluster level allowed further classification of biological processes within each sample. Following integration of all 28 samples, 9 ICs were defined from transcriptional data. Although all ICs were present in all samples, IC5 - characterized by a strong hypoxic signature - was overrepresented in AAB samples. ICs were then mapped back to individual samples and subject to join count statistics. This revealed strong spatial autocorrelation within each IC, as well as significant spatial pairings of ICs. The fibrotic clusters IC3 and IC7 were strongly contiguous in all samples (z-score &gt; 5), as were tumor clusters IC1 and IC4. Conversely, we found spatial exclusion between IC3 and tumor clusters IC5 and IC2. Conclusion: Our study provides novel evidence of spatially related populations across diverse TNBC samples. Our findings suggest that, while TNBC tumors are highly heterogeneous, they exhibit elements of a common spatio-transcriptional architecture. Moreover, this provides a new framework in which to evaluate transcriptional differences between racial groups within a broader spatial context. Citation Format: Rania Bassiouni, Michael Idowu, Lee D. Gibbs, Pamela J. Grizzard, Michelle G. Webb, Ashley Noriega, Valentina Robila, David W. Craig, John D. Carpten. Comprehensive spatial transcriptomic analysis of an integrated, diverse cohort reveals distinct molecular topographic patterns in triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2032.
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Salame, Gerard, Elizabeth Wittrock, Hardik Patel, Brant Hafen, Ayal Levi, and Tyler Millard. "Is Increasing Age Associated with Higher Rates of Intercostal Arteries Vulnerable to Laceration? A Point of Care Ultrasound Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 19 (September 29, 2022): 5788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195788.

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Ultrasound-guided pre-procedural planning decreases complications from bedside thoracentesis. Although rare, intercostal artery (ICA) laceration is a serious complication that occurs when vulnerable intercostal arteries (VICA) are no longer protected by the superior rib. We sought to determine if increasing patient age is associated with greater odds of encountering a VICA. Randomly selected in-patients underwent pre-procedural planning for a mock posterior bedside thoracentesis. ICAs were categorized as vulnerable if they were visible within the corresponding intercostal space (ICS). We recorded where the VICA entered and exited the ICS as well as its unshielded length. A total of 40 patients (20 male) were enrolled and 240 ICS (6 ICS per patient) were scanned. Within this cohort, 25% of patients were noted to have at least one VICA. We could not demonstrate any relationship between the patient’s age or location of the ICS, with the odds of encountering a VICA (odds ratio (OR) = 1.0, p = 0.76; OR = 0.85, p = 0.27, respectively). Given the haphazard nature of VICA distribution and poor outcomes associated with inadvertent laceration, we recommend that ICA screening at the site of needle insertion be routinely performed prior to thoracentesis.
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Henao, Maria Paula, Jennifer L. Kraschnewski, Matthew D. Bolton, Faoud Ishmael, and Timothy Craig. "Effects of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Particle Size on Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (October 6, 2020): 7287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197287.

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Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) produce local effects on upper airway dilators that could increase the risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Given that the particle size of ICS changes their distribution, the particle size of ICS may impact the risk of developing OSA. Objectives: In this large retrospective study, we explore the relationship of ICS use and OSA in patients with asthma. In addition, we seek to determine if this relationship is affected by the particle size of ICS. Methods: Using electronic health records, we established a cohort of 29,816 asthmatics aged 12 and older with a diagnosis of asthma documented by ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes between January 2011 and August 2016. We performed analyses of variance and multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the effects ICS on the diagnosis of OSA with sub-analysis by particle size of ICS. Results: Uncontrolled asthmatics showed increased odds of receiving a diagnosis of OSA whether when looking at ACT scores (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.60, 95% CI 1.32–1.94) or PFT results (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.19–1.77). Users of ICS also had increased odds of OSA independent of asthma control (aOR 1.58, 95% CI 1.47–1.70). Notably, users of extra-fine particle ICS did not have significantly increased odds of having OSA compared to non-users of ICS (aOR 1.11, 95% CI 0.78–1.58). Conclusions: Use of ICS appears to be an independent risk factor for OSA. Notably, extra-fine particle size ICS do not appear to be associated with an increased risk of OSA.
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Li, Ming, Husi Letu, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Shulei Li, Lei Liu, Takashi Y. Nakajima, Dabin Ji, Huazhe Shang, and Chong Shi. "Retrieval of terahertz ice cloud properties from airborne measurements based on the irregularly shaped Voronoi ice scattering models." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, no. 2 (January 24, 2023): 331–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-331-2023.

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Abstract. Currently, terahertz remote sensing technology is one of the best ways to detect the microphysical properties of ice clouds. Influenced by the representativeness of the ice crystal scattering (ICS) model, the existing terahertz ice cloud remote sensing inversion algorithms still have significant uncertainties. In this study, based on the Voronoi ICS model, we developed a terahertz remote sensing inversion algorithm of the ice water path (IWP) and median mass diameter (Dme) of ice clouds. This study utilized the single-scattering properties (extinction efficiency, single-scattering albedo, and asymmetry factor) of the Voronoi, sphere, and hexagonal column ICS models in the terahertz region. Combined with 14 408 groups of particle size distributions obtained from aircraft-based measurements, we developed the Voronoi, sphere, and column ICS schemes based on the Voronoi, sphere, and column ICS models. The three schemes were applied to the radiative transfer model to carry out the sensitivity analysis of the top-of-cloud (TOC) terahertz brightness temperature differences between cloudy and clear skies (BTDs) on the IWP and Dme. The sensitivity results showed that the TOC BTDs between 640 and 874 GHz are functions of the IWP, and the TOC BTDs of 380, 640, and 874 GHz are functions of the Dme. The Voronoi ICS scheme possesses stronger sensitivity to the Dme than the sphere and column ICS schemes. Based on the sensitivity results, we built a multi-channel look-up table for BTDs. The IWP and Dme were searched from the look-up table using an optimal estimation algorithm. We used 2000 BTD test data randomly generated by the RSTAR model to assess the algorithm's accuracy. Test results showed that the correlation coefficients of the retrieved IWP and Dme reached 0.99 and 0.98, respectively. As an application, we used the inversion algorithm to retrieve the ice cloud IWP and Dme based on the Compact Scanning Submillimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (CoSSIR) airborne terahertz radiation measurements. Validation against the retrievals of the Bayesian algorithm reveals that the Voronoi ICS model performs better than the sphere and hexagonal column ICS models, with enhancement of the mean absolute errors of 5.0 % and 12.8 % for IWP and Dme, respectively. In summary, the results of this study confirmed the practicality and effectiveness of the Voronoi ICS model in the terahertz remote sensing inversion of ice cloud microphysical properties.
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Klitgaard, Allan, Rikke Ibsen, Jesper Lykkegaard, Ole Hilberg, and Anders Løkke. "National Development in the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroid Treatment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Repeated Cross-Sectional Studies from 1998 to 2018." Biomedicines 12, no. 2 (February 5, 2024): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12020372.

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Recommendations for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have shifted towards a more restrictive use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). We aimed to identify the nationwide development over time in the use of ICS treatment in COPD. We conducted a register-based repeated cross-sectional study using Danish nationwide registers. On a yearly basis from 1998 to 2018, we included all patients in Denmark ≥ 40 years of age with an ICD-10 diagnosis of COPD (J44). Accumulated ICS use was calculated for each year based on redeemed prescriptions. Patients were divided into the following groups: No ICS, low-dose ICS, medium-dose ICS, or high-dose ICS. From 1998 to 2018, the yearly proportion of patients without ICS treatment increased (from 50.6% to 57.6%), the proportion of patients on low-dose ICS treatment increased (from 11.3% to 14.9%), and the proportion of patients on high-dose ICS treatment decreased (from 17.0% to 9.4%). We demonstrated a national reduction in the use of ICS treatment in COPD from 1998 to 2018, with an increase in the proportion of patients without ICS and on low-dose ICS treatment and a decrease in the proportion of patients on high-dose ICS treatment.
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Kdimati, Said, Clemens Christoph, Änne Glass, Nadja Engel, Desiree-Louise Dräger, Claudia Maletzki, Anne-Sophie Becker, and Annette Zimpfer. "Differential Expression of CKLF-like MARVEL Transmembrane Domain-Containing Protein 6 and Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 as Prognostic Biomarkers in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 6 (March 20, 2024): 3492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063492.

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Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) accounts for 5–10% of all UCs. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been established for UCs. The prognostic and predictive potential of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression to stratify patients benefiting from ICIs is not fully understood, and additional markers influencing the impact of PD-L1-mediated ICI response are needed. Previously, the chemokine-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing protein 6 (CMTM6) was identified as a positive regulator of PD-L1. Our aim was to investigate the expression profiles and impact of PD-L1 and CMTM6 protein status on the prognostic parameters and survival of UTUC patients. In this retrospective study, the combined positive score (CPS), tumor proportion score (TPS), and immune cell score (ICS) for PD-L1 and CMTM6 were determined. High PD-L1 CPS, ICS, and TPS were found in 77.4%, 58.3%, and 45.2% of cases, and high CMTM6 CPS, ICS, and TPS were seen in 52.5%, 51.5%, and 55.5% of cases, respectively. The scores of both markers had a significant positive correlation. High PD-L1 and CMTM6 expression was coupled with higher pT status, WHO grade, necrosis, and metastasis (p < 0.05, respectively). In the univariate survival analysis, patients with a PD-L1 ICS high and higher degree of intratumoral inflammation showed significantly longer overall survival. Compared to other studies on UC, our study shows a substantially higher rate of PD-L1-positive tumors. CMTM6 was associated with more aggressive tumors.
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Zhang, Sunan, Jianyan Tian, Amit Banerjee, and Jiangli Li. "An Efficient Porcine Acoustic Signal Denoising Technique Based on EEMD-ICA-WTD." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (August 25, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2858740.

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Automatic monitoring of group-housed pigs in real time through porcine acoustic signals has played a crucial role in automated farming. In the process of data collection and transmission, acoustic signals are generally interfered with noise. In this paper, an effective porcine acoustic signal denoising technique based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), independent component analysis (ICA), and wavelet threshold denoising (WTD) is proposed. Firstly, the porcine acoustic signal is decomposed into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by EEMD. In addition, permutation entropy (PE) is adopted to distinguish noise-dominant IMFs from the IMFs. Secondly, ICA is employed to extract the independent components (ICs) of the noise-dominant IMFs. The correlation coefficients of ICs and the first IMF are calculated to recognize noise ICs. The noise ICs will be removed. Then, WTD is applied to the other ICs. Finally, the porcine acoustic signal is reconstructed by the processed components. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the denoising performance of porcine acoustic signal.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ICS"

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Sepúlveda, S. Diego. "ICS: — Industrias Creativas Santiago." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/100417.

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El presente proyecto de título nace como un cuestionamiento personal acerca del consumo cultural en nuestro país. Pretendo abordar con fascinación la producción cultural contemporánea, fuertemente infl uenciada por la tecnología y la electrónica de consumo, y que ha sufrido un acelerado desarrollo desde la inserción de la televisión en los hogares chilenos en la década del 60’. Propongo pensar en un espacio para la concepción, producción, post-producción y difusión de este tipo de bien cultural, en todos los niveles de profesionalismo, bajo el amparo del concepto de industria creativa, un aporte que puede aportar a la consolidación cultural y el acceso democrático a esta expresión. Finalmente el proyecto desarrolla paralelamente una memoria audiovisual complementaria a este documento, que puede ser visitada en la url http:// memoriaics.tumblr.com/ como una herramienta sugerente al proyecto de arquitectura y sus posibles situaciones y con eso una ayuda ante cualquier decisión del mismo y su comprensión.
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Kwon, Dongwon. "Piezoelectric kinetic energy-harvesting ics." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47571.

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Wireless micro-sensors can enjoy popularity in biomedical drug-delivery treatments and tire-pressure monitoring systems because they offer in-situ, real-time, non-intrusive processing capabilities. However, miniaturized platforms severely limit the energy of onboard batteries and shorten the lifespan of electronic systems. Ambient energy is an attractive alternative because the energy from light, heat, radio-frequency (RF) radiation, and motion can potentially be used to continuously replenish an exhaustible reservoir. Of these sources, solar light produces the highest power density, except when supplied from indoor lighting, under which conditions the available power decreases drastically. Harnessing thermal energy is viable, but micro-scale dimensions severely limit temperature gradients, the fundamental mechanism from which thermo piles draw power. Mobile electronic devices today radiate plenty of RF energy, but still, the available power rapidly drops with distance. Harvesting kinetic energy may not compete with solar power, but in contrast to indoor lighting, thermal, and RF sources, moderate and consistent vibration power across a vast range of applications is typical. Although operating conditions ultimately determine which kinetic energy-harvesting method is optimal, piezoelectric transducers are relatively mature and produce comparatively more power than their counterparts such as electrostatic and electromagnetic kinetic energy transducers. The presented research objective is to develop, design, simulate, fabricate, prototype, test, and evaluate CMOS ICs that harvest ambient kinetic energy in periodic and non-periodic vibrations using a small piezoelectric transducer to continually replenish an energy-storage device like a capacitor or a rechargeable battery. Although vibrations in surrounding environment produce abundant energy over time, tiny transducers can harness only limited power from the energy sources, especially when mechanical stimulation is weak. To overcome this challenge, the presented piezoelectric harvesters eliminate the need for a rectifier which necessarily imposes threshold limits and additional losses in the system. More fundamentally, the presented harvesting circuits condition the transducer to convert more electrical energy for a given mechanical input by increasing the electromechanical damping force of the piezoelectric transducer. The overall aim is to acquire more power by widening the input range and improving the efficiency of the IC as well as the transducer. The presented technique in essence augments the energy density of micro-scale electronic systems by scavenging the ambient kinetic energy and extends their operational lifetime. This dissertation reports the findings acquired throughout the investigation. The first chapter introduces the applications and challenges of micro-scale energy harvesting and also reviews the fundamental mechanisms and recent developments of various energy-converting transducers that can harness ambient energy in light, heat, RF radiation, and vibrations. Chapter 2 examines various existing piezoelectric harvesting circuits, which mostly adopt bridge rectifiers as their core. Chapter 3 then introduces a bridge-free piezoelectric harvester circuit that employs a switched-inductor power stage to eliminate the need for a bridge rectifier and its drawbacks. More importantly, the harvester strengthens the electrical damping force of the piezoelectric device and increases the output power of the harvester. The chapter also presents the details of the integrated-circuit (IC) implementation and the experimental results of the prototyped harvester to corroborate and clarify the bridge-free harvester operation. One of the major discoveries from the first harvester prototype is the fact that the harvester circuit can condition the piezoelectric transducer to strengthen its electrical damping force and increase the output power of the harvester. As such, Chapter 4 discusses various energy-investment strategies that increase the electrical damping force of the transducer. The chapter presents, evaluates, and compares several switched-inductor harvester circuits against each other. Based on the investigation in Chapter 4, an energy-investing piezoelectric harvester was designed and experimentally evaluated to confirm the effectiveness of the investing scheme. Chapter 5 explains the details of the IC design and the measurement results of the prototyped energy-investing piezoelectric harvester. Finally, Chapter 6 concludes the dissertation by revisiting the challenges of miniaturized piezoelectric energy harvesters and by summarizing the fundamental contributions of the research. With the same importance as with the achievements of the investigation, the last chapter lists the technological limits that bound the performance of the proposed harvesters and briefly presents perspectives from the other side of the research boundary for future investigations of micro-scale piezoelectric energy harvesting.
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Волотка, В. С. "Analysis of reability of ics states." Thesis, ANALYSIS OF REABILITY OF ICS STATES, 2014. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/2082.

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A model of information and communication system is presented in the form of 4 main states: serviceable and unserviceable, each of them may be both in operative and standby modes. The main object of analysis is failure and appropriate parameters: mean time between fail-ures, availability coefficient, reliability probability, probability of survivability, an average total risk of failure probability.
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Monzer, Mohamad-Houssein. "Model-based IDS design pour ICS." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALT056.

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Les systèmes industriels présentent des risques de sécurité liés à leurs vulnérabilités informatiques. Ces systèmes, répartis dans le monde, continuent d'être la cible d'attaques. Bien que les systèmes industriels partagent des vulnérabilités communes avec les systèmes informatiques, ils ont tendance à avoir plus de contraintes en raison de l'interaction entre les systèmes cyber et physiques.Les systèmes de détection d'intrusion donnent une visibilité au système et sont considérés comme l'une des solutions pour détecter les attaques ciblées. Il semble donc pertinent de s'appuyer sur un modèle physique du système cyber-physique pour obtenir un système de détection d'intrusion (IDS) pour les systèmes industriels. La plupart des IDS sont basés sur des règles qui définissent comment les attaques possibles sont détectées. Ces règles sont généralement utilisées pour décrire les scénarios d'attaque possibles sur les systèmes ou pour décrire le comportement normal du système. Cependant, la création et la maintenance manuels des règles pour un système complexe peuvent s'avérer être une tâche très difficile.Cette thèse propose une solution pour modéliser ICS et concevoir des IDS spécifiques pour les systèmes industriels. Un générateur de règles IDS basé sur un modèle est encore proposé, qui convertit un modèle de système en règles IDS basées sur des anomalies. Enfin, l'efficacité des règles générées est évaluée
Industrial systems present security risks related to their IT vulnerabilities. These systems, spread over the world, continue to be targets of attacks. While Industrial systems share common vulnerabilities with IT systems, they tend to have more constraints due to the interaction between cyber and physical systems.Intrusion detection systems give visibility to the system and are considered as one of the solutions to detect targeting attacks. Hence, it seems relevant to rely on a physical model of the cyber-physical system to obtain an intrusion detection system (IDS) for industrial systems. Most IDSs are based on rules that define how possible attacks are detected. These rules are generally used to either describe possible attack scenarios on the systems or used to describe the normal system behavior of the system. However, manually creating and maintaining rules for a complex system can prove to be a very tedious and difficult task.This thesis proposes a solution to model ICS and to design specific IDS for industrial systems. A model-based IDS rule generator is also proposed, which converts a system model into anomaly-based IDS rules. Finally, the effectiveness of the generated rules is evaluated
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Sidor, Peter. "Návrh infrastruktury ICS pro průmyslový podnik." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316693.

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This thesis deals with the issues of industrial communication, that is necessary to take account before making a final draft of industrial infrastructure and the overall design of a network infrastructure for a particular object. The first part of this thesis describes ICS system, parts of ICS and principle of operation. The thesis also focuses on the current trends in industrial networks, systems communication, security requirements of physical layer and the main differences from commercial infrastructures. The second part of the thesis describes the design of infrastructure for the foundry object. The final draft resolves the location of the switchboards, the specification of the used elements, the security, the cost of the solution and the final solution in practice.
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CEFFA, NICOLÒ GIOVANNI. "MICROFLUIDIC FLOW MAPPING WITH SPIM-ICS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/198978.

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Il mio principale obiettivo è stato effettuare una mappatura spazio-temporale del flusso sanguigno in campioni biologici (embrioni Zebrafish), riuscendo a registrare immagini a campo largo (centinaia di micron), pur risolvendole a livello micrometrico; inoltre, essendo l’emodinamica un processo molto rapido, richiede alta frequenza di campionamento (da decine a centinaia di Hertz). La motivazione biologica consiste nel fatto che la progressione di un gran numero di malattie è legata direttamente alla circolazione sanguigna (un esempio importante è rappresentato dal cancro con le sue metastasi), sicché ho voluto elaborare un metodo per mappare quantitativamente il flusso in differenti condizioni, sia a scopo diagnostico, sia per studiare l’evoluzione di patologie (ad esempio la risposta infiammatoria). L’approccio seguito consiste nell’impiego della tecnica LSFM (Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy) accoppiata ad una telecamera ad alta efficienza e rapida frequenza di acquisizione, per raggiungere la risoluzione spazio-temporale prefissata (micron nello spazio, 4ms nel tempo). Agendo sul profilo di illuminazione è possibile manipolare un fascio laser per creare un sottile (spessore di pochi μm) foglietto di luce che selezioni otticamente il campione: il segnale di fluorescenza può essere quindi raccolto con una geometria a 90°. La camera utilizzata è una EMCCD, capace di una grande efficienza di raccolta (efficienza quantica del 95%), e che permette rapide acquisizioni. L’ultimo passo è stata la costruzione di campioni e strutture create appositamente per lavorare con la geometria propria del microscopio LSFM e per raggiungere la massima trasparenza. Molto lavoro è stato dedicato alla manipolazione di algoritmi di cross-correlazione, impiegati per studiare parametri di flusso: questi metodi sono in grado di raggiungere prestazioni eccellenti anche nella più intricata situazione incontrata nell’analisi di campioni biologici. La descrizione degli aspetti teorici e pratici del mio setup è al centro del Capitolo 2: qui descrivo la teoria della LSFM, concentrandomi su una descrizione dei profili di eccitazione e raccolta basata sul modello dell’Ottica Fisica. In seguito illustro l’implementazione pratica di due microscopi, uno per misure in vitro, l’altro per misure in-vivo, mostrando una calibrazione sperimentale dei parametri descritti. La seconda parte del capitolo è dedicata all’analisi dei metodi di cross-correlazione, fornendo una solida presentazione di tutte le tecniche usate per l’analisi di immagini. Infine descrivo concetti chiave di dinamica dei fluidi arrivando ad introdurre un modello circuitale e derivando l’equazione fondamentale (flusso di Poiseuille in canaletti a sezione rettangolare) impiegato per descrivere i sistemi in-vitro. Il capitolo 3 descrive materiali e metodi, concentrandosi sulle microstrutture in PDMS, sulla fabbricazione di liposomi, e sulla descrizione degli embrioni di zebrafish. Nel capitolo 4 riassumo i risultati di uno studio (sia in-vitro che in-vivo) sui flussi variabili nel tempo. Qui mostro una prima applicazione delle tecniche di cross-correlazione temporale, applicate allo studio di immagini a campo largo, che permette una mappatura dei flussi con alta risoluzione spazio-temporale. Nel capitolo 5 presento studi basati su correlazione spazio-temporali, applicati all’emodinamica in-vivo, in particolare riuscendo a caratterizzare il complesso flusso in regioni con ramificazioni di vasi. Il capitolo 6 si concentra sulla parte più recente del mio lavoro, cioè la ricerca di un modo per rompere la “restrizione planare” che sembra essere intrinsecamente presente quando si impiega un sistema LSFM. Mostro che metodi correlativi possono essere estesi permettendo di ricavare informazioni su regimi di flusso tridimensionali, senza alcuna modifica nel setup. Infine il capitolo 7 è dedicato alle conclusioni ed alle prospettive future.
My goal was to perform space and time mapping of blood flow in biological samples (Zebrafish embryos), being able to collect wide images (hundreds of microns), but still resolving them at a μm level; moreover hemodynamics is a fast process, that requires very high frequency sampling (tens to hundreds of Hz) in order to be resolved. The general biological motivation is that the progression of a wide number of diseases is affected directly by the blood circulation (an important example is cancer and its metastases), so that I want to devise an test methods to quantitatively map blood flow in different conditions, both for diagnosis and study of pathologies evolution . The approach I followed in my work is to employ Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy (LSFM) technique (also known as Selective-Plane Illumination Microscopy, SPIM) and a fast-acquisition, high efficiency camera, in order to achieve the minimum spatio-temporal resolution required (microns in space, 4ms in time). Acting on illumination profile, it is in fact possible to engineer a sheet of light to select just a thin (μm size) slice of the sample, so that fluorescence signals coming from just that plane can be measured in a 90° collection geometry. The CCD camera employed is an EMCCD, fabricated with a very advanced technology, capable of extremely high efficiency detection (quantum efficiency up to 95%), thus allowing very fast acquisition speeds. The last step was to fabricate samples and sample holder specifically designed to work with SPIM geometry, to achieve high transparency. Much work has been devoted to the study and manipulation of cross-correlation based algorithms, employed to retrieve flow parameters: being based on noise analysis, it is capable of excellent performances even in the most intricate biological situation I tried to investigate. The description of theoretical and practical aspects of my setup is the core of Chapter 2: I describe Single Plane Illumination Microscopy, focusing on a Physical Optics description of illumination and detection profiles. Then I will describe the practical implementation of two microscopes, one for in-vitro and one for in-vivo testing, showing an experimental evaluation of useful parameter derived in the previous section. The second part of the chapter is dedicated to the analysis of Cross-Correlation methods, providing both a solid presentation of all the techniques employed for image analysis, and also serving as an introduction for chapter 6, where an extension of these methods will be presented. Finally I will cover basic fluid dynamics to introduce a simple lumped circuit model, deriving the fundamental equation (Poiseuille flow in square channels) employed to describe in-vitro flows. Chapter 3 will describe material and methods, dealing with PDMS based microstructures, liposomes fabrication, and Zebrafish embryos description. In Chapter 4 I will summarize the results of the study of both in-vitro and in-vivo time-varying flows. Here I show a a first powerful application of temporal cross-correlation techniques coupled with large field of view images, which allows high resolution (both in time and space) mapping of flows. In Chapter 5 I will present related investigations, based on Image spatio-temporal correlations, in which I focused on in-vivo hemodynamics, in particular mapping blood flow in branched vessels in zebrafish embryos. Chapter 6 focuses on the most recent part of my work, that is to explore a way to break the "plane restriction" that seems to be intrinsically present when employing SPIM based microscopy. I will show that correlative methods can be extended allowing to retrieve 3D flow information, without any change in the hardware, as happens, for example, in optical tomography or micro-PIV. Finally Chapter 7 is dedicated to conclusions and future outlook.
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Grosch, Eva. "Funktionelle Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) und klinischer ICS-Score." Diss., lmu, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-31778.

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Panth, Shreepad Amar. "Physical design methodologies for monolithic 3D ICs." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53542.

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The objective of this research is to develop physical design methodologies for monolithic 3D ICs and use them to evaluate the improvements in the power-performance envelope offered over 2D ICs. In addition, design-for-test (DfT) techniques essential for the adoption of shorter term through-silicon-via (TSV) based 3D ICs are explored. Testing of TSV-based 3D ICs is one of the last challenges facing their commercialization. First, a pre-bond testable 3D scan chain construction technique is developed. Next, a transition-delay-fault test architecture is presented, along with a study on how to mitigate IR-drop. Finally, to facilitate partitioning, a quick and accurate framework for test-TSV estimation is developed. Block-level monolithic 3D ICs will be the first to emerge, as significant IP can be reused. However, no physical design flows exist, and hence a monolithic 3D floorplanning framework is developed. Next, inter-tier performance differences that arise due to the not yet mature fabrication process are investigated and modeled. Finally, an inter-tier performance-difference aware floorplanner is presented, and it is demonstrated that high quality 3D floorplans are achievable even under these inter-tier differences. Monolithic 3D offers sufficient integration density to place individual gates in three dimensions and connect them together. However, no tools or techniques exist that can take advantage of the high integration density offered. Therefore, a gate-level framework that leverages existing 2D ICs tools is presented. This framework also provides congestion modeling and produces results that minimize routing congestion. Next, this framework is extended to commercial 2D IC tools, so that steps such as timing optimization and clock tree synthesis can be applied. Finally, a voltage-drop-aware partitioning technique is presented that can alleviate IR-drop issues, without any impact on the performance or maximum operating temperature of the chip.
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Váňa, Martin. "Kybernetické prostředí pro systémy typu ICS/SCADA." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400894.

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The thesis explores the problematics of cyber environment for the ICS/SCADA systems. First, shorter section is mainly focused on general introduction into the ICS/SCADA systems and their inner workings. Communication model of a general SCADA system and its foundational elements are explained. It is mainly theoretical passage and it serves as an introduction. It is necessary for understanding the second part which is mainly practical. The appropriate system is chosen as a first thing in the practical part of the thesis for the implementation of the whole project. There are defined criteria on which the system itself is implemented. Following that the system itself is implemented under a framework called openMUC and it is tested with help of the simulators according to the objective of the thesis.
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Schenkel, Michael. "Substrate current effects in smart power ICs." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/ecol-pool/diss/fulltext/eth14925.pdf.

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Books on the topic "ICS"

1

Zilog. Datacom ICs. Campbell,CA: Zilog, 1991.

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C, Potter David, ed. India's political administrators, from ICS to IAS. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1996.

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Ramakrishnayya, M. Two administrators: Interaction between ICS and IAS. Hyderabad: Booklinks Corporation, 1992.

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J.M. Veendrick, Harry. Nanometer CMOS ICs. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47597-4.

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Murari, Bruno, Franco Bertotti, and Giovanni A. Vignola, eds. Smart Power ICs. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61395-1.

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Veendrick, H. J. M. Nanometer CMOS ICs. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8333-4.

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SGS-Thomson. Video ICs databook. (s.l.): SGS-Thomson, 1989.

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Phillips. Multimedia ICs data handbook. [US]: Phillips, 1997.

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Yoo, Hoi-Jun, and Chris van Hoof, eds. Bio-Medical CMOS ICs. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6597-4.

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Veendrick, H. J. M. Deep-Submicron CMOS ICs. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4133-2.

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Book chapters on the topic "ICS"

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Green, Abel. "“Leer-ics”." In The Rock History Reader, 19–20. Third edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315394824-5.

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Bartlett, Jonathan. "Using Logic ICs." In Electronics for Beginners, 179–99. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-5979-5_12.

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Urbanski, Klaus, and Roland Woitowitz. "Anwenderspezifische ICs (ASICs)." In Springer-Lehrbuch, 159–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06748-2_6.

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Wu, Nanjian, Huaxiang Lu, Yongpan Liu, Leibo Liu, and Baoyong Chi. "New Type ICs." In Handbook of Integrated Circuit Industry, 1829–46. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2836-1_82.

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Asadi, Farzin. "Integrated Circuits (ICs)." In ABCs of Electronics, 141–56. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/979-8-8688-0134-1_10.

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Bauer, Julian Sverre, Maja Figge, Lisa Großmann, and Wilma Lukatsch. "Aesthet( h )ics." In Wissen der Künste, 35–36. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839457726-005.

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Korotkich, Victor. "Integer Code Series (ICS)." In Nonconvex Optimization and Its Applications, 1–29. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5313-7_1.

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Poll, Toni, and Gert Fröhlich. "ICS-Definitionen (Stand 1990)." In Urodynamik-Leitfaden, 81–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93566-4_17.

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Müller, Roland, and Christopher Drax. "Internal Control System (ICS)." In Management for Professionals, 39–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02780-7_4.

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Williams, Richard K., Mohamed N. Darwish, Theodore J. Letavic, and Mikael Östling. "Power Devices and ICs." In Guide to State-of-the-Art Electron Devices, 203–12. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118517543.ch15.

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Conference papers on the topic "ICS"

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"Session ICs: Analog ICs." In 2016 International Semiconductor Conference (CAS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smicnd.2016.7783061.

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"Session ICs: Student session ICs." In 2016 International Semiconductor Conference (CAS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smicnd.2016.7783084.

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Chekole, Eyasu Getahun, and Guo Huaqun. "ICS-SEA." In ICSS: Fifth Annual Industrial Control System Security Workshop. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3372318.3372325.

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Glover, I. "ICS Environments." In IET Cyber Security in Modern Power Systems. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2016.0048.

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Tummala, Rao R., Venky Sundaram, Ritwik Chatterjee, P. Markondeya Raj, Nitesh Kumbhat, Vijay Sukumaran, Vivek Sridharan, Abhishek Choudury, Qiao Chen, and Tapobrata Bandyopadhyay. "Trend from ICs to 3D ICs to 3D systems." In 2009 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280817.

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Harjani, Ramesh, and Alireza Shirvani Marvell. "Millimeter-wave ICs." In 2009 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280751.

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Ružičić, Vesna, and Jelena Pantović. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE KNOWLEDGE BASE FOR APPLICATIONS OF INFORMATION – EXPERT SYSTEMS IN THE FIELD OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY." In 2nd International Symposium on Biotechnology. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt29.45vr.

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This paper presents a comparative analysis of global (ISO) and local (SRPS) Knowledge Sources (KS) in PDCA (Plan – Do – Check – Act) loop quality, with the ability to monitor innovation intensity in the standardized fields. The study refers to fields of the first and second levels of International Classification Standards (ICS) grouped in clusters of innovation. The paper focuses on the latest trends in the KS, trend lines of certain standardized fields, and intensity of innovation in the field of Food technology (ICS1 = 67) and sub-field Beverages (ICS2 = 67.160). The aim is to monitor the intensity of knowledge innovation, trends, KS and update the Knowledge Base (KB) for applications of Information-Expert System (IES) in ICS fields and quality improvement on the standardization platform.
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Vu, Tho T., Stephen A. Jamison, Gary M. Lee, Roderick D. Nelson, Andrzej Peczalski, William R. Betten, Steven A. Hanka, Max J. Helix, Peter J. Void, and Gi Young Lee. "Low-Power GaAs ICs." In 11th European Solid State Circuits Conference. IEEE, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.1985.5468168.

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Smit, Meint K. "InP-based Photonic ICs." In OptoElectronics and Communications Conference and Photonics in Switching. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oecc_ps.2013.tun1_1.

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Souri, Shukri J., Kaustav Banerjee, Amit Mehrotra, and Krishna C. Saraswat. "Multiple Si layer ICs." In the 37th conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/337292.337394.

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Reports on the topic "ICS"

1

Bounds, John Alan. Mod 1 ICS TI Report: ICS Conversion of a 140% HPGe Detector. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1261788.

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Shih, S. Y., and M. P. Saur. Interference Canceller System (ICS) Test. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada203759.

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Keinan, Ehud. Letter from President of ICS. The Israel Chemical Society, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51167/ice000015.

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Jackson, John. MARVEL Instrumentation and Control System (ICS). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2346142.

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Author, Not Given. Electron Storage Ring Development for ICS Sources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1483823.

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Loewen, Roderick. Electron Storage Ring Development for ICS Sources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1221937.

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Stouffer, K. A., J. A. Falco, and K. A. Scarfone. Guide to Industrial control Systems (ICS) security :. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.800-82e2008.

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Stouffer, Keith, Victoria Pillitteri, Suzanne Lightman, Marshall Abrams, and Adam Hahn. Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security. National Institute of Standards and Technology, June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.800-82r2.

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Lindberg, R. C. Instrumentation and control system (ICS). Training alternatives study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/420419.

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Keys, Daniel, Virginia Wright, Samuel Chanoski, Sarah Freeman, and Cherylene Caddy. Prioritizing ICS Beachhead Systems for Cyber Vulnerability Testing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1856808.

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