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Fang, Chih-Yuan, Huang-Chung Chen, Yung-Lung Chen, Tzu-Hsien Tsai, Kuo-Li Pan, Yu-Sheng Lin, Mien-Cheng Chen, and Wei-Chieh Lee. "Comparison of ventricular tachyarrhythmia recurrence between ischemic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy: a retrospective study." PeerJ 6 (July 16, 2018): e5312. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5312.
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BackgroundThe use of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has been established as an effective secondary prevention strategy for ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF). However, few reports discuss the difference in clinical predictors for recurrent VT/VF between patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).MethodsFrom May 2004 to December 2015, 132 consecutive patients who had ICM (n= 94) or DCM (n= 38) and had received ICD implantation for secondary prevention were enrolled in this study. All anti-tachycardia events during follow-up were validated. The clinical characteristics and echocardiographic parameters were obtained for comparison. The incidence of recurrence of VT/VF, cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, the change of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV volume were analyzed.ResultsAt a mean follow-up of 3.62 ± 2.93 years, 34 patients (36.2%) in the ICM group and 22 patients (57.9%) in the DCM group had a recurrence of VT/VF episodes (p= 0.032). The DCM group had a lower LVEF (p= 0.019), a larger LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) (p= 0.001), a higher prevalence of LVEDV >158 mL (p= 0.010), and a larger LV end-systolic volume (p= 0.010) than the ICM group. LVEDV >158 mL and no use of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker were independent predictors of recurrences of VT/VF in ICM patients but not in DCM patients. There were no difference in cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality between the ICM and DCM patients.ConclusionThe DCM patients had a higher recurrence rate of VT/VF than did the ICM patients during long-term follow-up. An enlarged LV is an independent predictor of the recurrence of VT/VF in ICM patients receiving ICD for secondary prevention.
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Wang, Tony R., Russell C. Bailey, Howard P. Goodkin, and Kelly B. Mahaney. "Trends in intracranial monitoring for pediatric medically intractable epilepsy." Neurology 90, no. 9 (January 31, 2018): e771-e778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000005021.
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ObjectiveTo retrospectively examine nationwide trends in intracranial monitoring (ICM) for pediatric medically intractable epilepsy (MIE) from 2000 to 2012.MethodsThe Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database was analyzed to identify admissions with ICD-9-CM codes corresponding to MIE and ICM from 2000 to 2012, inclusive. Associations between independent variables and outcomes were tested using χ2 test or Fisher exact test. A multivariate logistic regression analysis of variables associated with ICM was completed using stepwise selection. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to test for trend of a variable over the study period.ResultsThe number of ICM procedures increased over the study period; however, secondary to large increases in the number of MIE admissions, the rate of ICM declined from 5.39% in 2000 to 2.56% in 2012 (p < 0.001). Despite this decline, ICM increasingly resulted in resective epilepsy procedures. In 2000, only 45.18% of ICM cases led to resective epilepsy surgery, which increased to 75.83% by 2012 (p < 0.001). ICM complication rates were comparable to, if not lower than, standard resective surgery. Disparities in access to ICM exist, with African American individuals and those with Medicaid significantly less likely to undergo ICM.ConclusionIn this nationwide characterization of pediatric ICM trends, we identified a slight, significant downward trend in the rate of utilization of ICM for MIE. This was secondary to substantial increases in the number of hospital admissions for MIE. Reasons for this large increase and why it has not led to increased rates of ICM warrant further investigation.
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Preston, Neil Joseph, and Sam Fazio. "Establishing the Efficacy and Cost Effectiveness of Community Intensive Case Management of Long-Term Mentally Ill: A Matched Control Group Study." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34, no. 1 (February 2000): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2000.00696.x.
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Objective: The study attempted to identify whether chronic mentally ill persons after receiving intensive case management (ICM) could demonstrate improved inpatient service utilisation compared with a matched control group cohort. Costings were measured to observe whether the increase in providing intensive outpatient contacts would be offset by savings in reduced inpatient service utilisation. Method: Eighty ICM patients were matched on ICD-9 diagnosis, age, gender, length of illness, age at first inpatient and outpatient contact, marital status, educational level, employment status, country of birth, year of arrival to Australia and religion. Inpatient bed-days and outpatient contacts were recorded and compared 12 months prior to ICM treatment, 12 and 24 months after ICM using within/between group repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The ICM group demonstrate significant reductions in inpatient service utilisation both within the 12- and 24-month period after receiving ICM treatment. The cost differential by 24 months of treatment was $801 475 in favour of the ICM model. The increase in costs of outpatient contacts were offset by a significant reduction in inpatient service utilisation. Conclusion: When outpatient contacts averaged one contact a week for the duration of the study period no significant reductions in inpatient service utilisation was recorded, as demonstrated by comparison with the matched control group. By increasing outpatient contacts by 3–4 contacts a week, inpatient contacts reduced by 36.8%. ICM is an efficacious and cost effective way to implement community-based services to the chronically long-term mentally ill.
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Sohn, Jee Hoon, Sung Joon Cho, Hae Woo Lee, Hyun Kim, Seung Yeon Lee, Yoomi Park, Hwo Yeon Seo, Eun Soo Kim, Jee Eun Park, and Bong Jin Hahm. "Effectiveness of a Community-Based Intensive Case Management Model on Reducing Hospitalization for People With Severe Mental Illness in Seoul." Psychiatry Investigation 20, no. 12 (December 25, 2023): 1133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2023.0152.
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Objective To overcome the limited effectiveness of standard case management services, the Seoul Intensive Case Management program (S-ICM) for patients with serious mental illnesses was introduced in 2017. This study aimed to evaluate its effectiveness in reducing the length of hospital stay.Methods Monitoring data from April 2019 to March 2020 were retrieved from the Seoul Mental Health Welfare Center. A total of 759 participants with serious mental illnesses were included. The average length of admission per month was compared between the pre-ICM (previous year) and during-ICM periods. For post-ICM observation subgroup, average length of admission per month was compared between pre-ICM, during-ICM, and post-ICM periods. To determine the relative contributions of risk factors for during-ICM and post-ICM admission, multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.Results The average admission stay for pre-ICM period was significantly longer than that for during-ICM period (1.47 vs. 0.26 days). Among the predictors for during-ICM admission, pre-ICM psychiatric admission was the most important risk factor, followed by medical aid beneficiary and suicidal behavior. In the subgroup analysis of the post-ICM observation period, the pre-ICM, during-ICM, and post-ICM average admission stays were 1.45, 0.29, and 0.57 days/month, respectively. There was a significant difference in the average length of stay between the pre-ICM and during-ICM periods and between the pre-ICM and post-ICM periods. Post-ICM admission risks included pre-ICM admission, S-ICM duration <3 months, and chronic unstable symptoms.Conclusion The results suggest that the S-ICM effectively reduces psychiatric hospitalization duration, at least over a short-term period.
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T. VARATHARAJAN, ANIL K. CHOUDHARY, VIJAY POONIYA, ANCHAL DASS, D.S. RANA, K.S. RANA, and HARISH M.N. "Effect of integrated crop management practices on root-shoot characteristics, yield and nutrient harvest index of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) under irrigated north Indian Plains." Indian Journal of Agronomy 64, no. 2 (October 10, 2001): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v64i2.5267.
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A field experiment was conducted during rainy season of 2017 at experimental farm of ICARIndian Agricul- tural Research Institute, New Delhi under pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp]wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] crop- ping system to assess the effect of different integrated crop management (ICM) modules [04 conventional tillage (CT) based: (ICM ICM ); 04 conservation agriculture (CA) based: (ICM ICM ); 01 organic agriculture based: 1 4 5 8 (ICM )] on root-shoot characteristics, seed yield and nutrient harvest index (NHI) in pigeon pea. The experiment 9 was planned in a randomized block design with 03 replications. The results show that ICM modules (ICM , ICM , 8 6 ICM , and ICM ) supplied with 75% NPK through chemical fertilizers + arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) + NPK- 4 2 biofertilizer (NPK-bf) had an edge over the 100% NPK alone supplied ICM , ICM , ICM , ICM modules with re- 7 5 3 1 spect to root characteristics. However, branches/plant (22.7) and pigeon pea productivity (1.92 t/ha) were signifi- cantly higher under ICM module over ICM . Similarly, the 100% NPK supplied ICM modules had an edge over 7 8 75% NPK + AMF + NPK-bf supplied ICM modules with respect to number of branches/plant and seed yield owing to balanced supply of plant nutrients readily available to crop. The effect of different ICM modules on nutrient har- vest index (NHI) for NPK was found non-significant. In general, the CA based ICM modules showed an edge over CT based ICM modules with respect to root-shoot characteristics, seed yield and NHI. Overall, the CA based mod- ules like ICM and ICM can be recommended to the farmers for enhancing the crop productivity in pigeon pea 7 8 alone or on pigeon peawheat cropping system based in irrigated Indo-Gangetic plains region.
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Bharj, Kuldip. "ICM congress." British Journal of Midwifery 7, no. 7 (July 1999): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.1999.7.7.8297.
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Peters, Margaret. "ICM report." Australian College of Midwives Incorporated Journal 1, no. 1 (June 1988): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1031-170x(88)80016-3.
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Ma, Zhongjun, Shengwu Qin, Chen Cao, Jiangfeng Lv, Guangjie Li, Shuangshuang Qiao, and Xiuyu Hu. "The Influence of Different Knowledge-Driven Methods on Landslide Susceptibility Mapping: A Case Study in the Changbai Mountain Area, Northeast China." Entropy 21, no. 4 (April 5, 2019): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21040372.
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Landslides are one of the most frequent geomorphic hazards, and they often result in the loss of property and human life in the Changbai Mountain area (CMA), Northeast China. The objective of this study was to produce and compare landslide susceptibility maps for the CMA using an information content model (ICM) with three knowledge-driven methods (the artificial hierarchy process with the ICM (AHP-ICM), the entropy weight method with the ICM (EWM-ICM), and the rough set with the ICM (RS-ICM)) and to explore the influence of different knowledge-driven methods for a series of parameters on the accuracy of landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM). In this research, the landslide inventory data (145 landslides) were randomly divided into a training dataset: 70% (81 landslides) were used for training the models and 30% (35 landslides) were used for validation. In addition, 13 layers of landslide conditioning factors, namely, altitude, slope gradient, slope aspect, lithology, distance to faults, distance to roads, distance to rivers, annual precipitation, land type, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), topographic wetness index (TWI), plan curvature, and profile curvature, were taken as independent, causal predictors. Landslide susceptibility maps were developed using the ICM, RS-ICM, AHP-ICM, and EWM-ICM, in which weights were assigned to every conditioning factor. The resultant susceptibility was validated using the area under the ROC curve (AUC) method. The success accuracies of the landslide susceptibility maps produced by the ICM, RS-ICM, AHP-ICM, and EWM-ICM methods were 0.931, 0.939, 0.912, and 0.883, respectively, with prediction accuracy rates of 0.926, 0.927, 0.917, and 0.878 for the ICM, RS-ICM, AHP-ICM, and EWM-ICM, respectively. Hence, it can be concluded that the four models used in this study gave close results, with the RS-ICM exhibiting the best performance in landslide susceptibility mapping.
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Baker, Erin A., Jackson Harley, Corinn Gehrke, David J. Ciufo, Paul T. Fortin, and Zachary M. Vaupel. "Applying the Periprosthetic Joint Infection Consensus Definition to a Case Series of Revision Foot and Ankle Implant-Associated and Infection-Suspected Procedures to Assess Diagnosis." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 2473011420S0011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00110.
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Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) affects 2-3% of all total joint replacement cases. In 10-30% of these cases, the organism is unidentifiable, which may impact treatment planning and outcomes. In this study, suspected periprosthetic infections of foot and ankle procedures treated by four foot and ankle-trained orthopaedic surgeons were retrospectively reviewed to determine culture status and applicability of the 2018 International Consensus Meeting on Orthopaedic Infections (ICM) Revision classification system. Methods: Under an IRB-approved protocol, cases of suspected infection, based on ICD-9/10 codes, from cases performed at a Level 1, private, academic hospital from October 2014 to November 2019 were reviewed for demographic, surgical, and infection-related data. Results: Of the 210 revision cases coded for infection, 82 met the inclusion criteria of the study; cases included removal of an implant and were not wound infection-related only. Preoperatively and intraoperatively, 10 (12%) and 59 (72%) cases were culture-positive, respectively. In this series, 21 (26%) cases met the ICM Revision major criteria and 36 (44%) cases met the threshold for ICM Revision minor criteria; overall, 43 (52%) cases were defined as infected by the 2018 ICM Revision classification system. Conclusion: This study reviewed and identified culture status and infection by the 2018 ICM classification system. In this series of 82 cases, approximately half of the cases met the criteria for infection diagnosis, according to the most recently revised ICM classification system, although nearly three-quarters of the population had at least one positively-identified intraoperative culture. Further data analysis is ongoing to assess the correlation between ICM scoring with pre/postoperative treatment and outcomes. [Table: see text]
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Lee, Chae Yoon, Chae Yoon Lee, Jin Heo, Hyung Min Kim, Jong Hyuk Park, and Mi Kyung Chung. "#181 : The Importance of Inner Cell Mass Ratio for Embryo Grade Prediction Using Artificial Intelligence." Fertility & Reproduction 05, no. 04 (December 2023): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318223742455.
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Background and Aims: While reports suggest that the Inner Cell Mass (ICM) ratio may impact pregnancy rates, the Gardner criteria for grading ICM does not specify the ICM size or ratio. This study investigates the potential impact of the ICM ratio on predicting ICM grades using artificial intelligence. Methods: The study analyzed 1,963 Day 5 blastocyst images obtained from seven IVF clinics between June 2011 and May 2022. The images were matched with metadata, including ICM grade and ICM ratio. ICM ratio was computed as the ratio of the ICM area to the embryo area. ICM was graded according to the Gardner criteria and only ICM A and C grade groups were used to avoid ambiguity. Two CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) models were built: one with embryo images including ICM ratio and one without. Results: The use of ICM ratio in conjunction with the original grading model resulted in an improved model performance. Logistic regression analysis revealed the ICM ratio as a significant variable impacting embryo grade, with a p-value of less than 0.001. The coefficient for ICM ratio demonstrated an 8-fold increase in the odds ratio for grade A embryos with every 1-unit increase. Conclusions: We demonstrated that the CNN model could predict ICM grades with fair accuracy and that the inclusion of the ICM ratio significantly improved its performance. While CNNs are widely used for image analysis by extracting features from patterns, they may not effectively learn the characteristics of an area. To capture the important area-related features, measured values should be considered along with the image. Furthermore, the ICM ratio appears to be a significant feature that embryologists consider when grading embryos in clinical settings, beyond the Gardner criteria. Additional studies are warranted to investigate other features for evaluating ICM.
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Vázquez, Néstor Arce, Nydia Corina Vásquez Aguilar, Estela Garza Brenner, Fernando Sánchez Dávila, Adriana Morales Trejo, Miguel Cervantes Ramírez, and Hugo Bernal Barragán. "PSVII-30 Growth performance, and serum concentration of testosterone of male and female pigs immunocastrated with a GnRH analogue, fed wet low-protein diets." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.806.
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Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a GnRH analogue (Improvac, Zoetis, USA) on growth parameters, and serum concentration of testosterone in male and female pigs fed wet low-protein diets. Nineteen crossbred (York-Landrace x Duroc) pigs with an initial BW of 43.9±2.4 kg were individually housed in pens (1.44 m2) equipped with feeder and nipple water drinker, and randomly assigned to one of three treatments: ICM: immunocastrated males (n = 8); ICF: immunocastrated females (n = 6); and EFE: entire females (n = 5). All animals were fed ad libitum the same grower (44–65 kg BW) 14.4% CP, and finishing (65 kg BW to slaughter) 13.6% CP diets, offered as wet (1:1 water:feed). Immunocastrated pigs received two GnRH analogue doses at 119 and 147 days of age (days 22 and 49 of the experiment, respectively). Body weight, weight gain, feed intake and gain:feed were evaluated in three periods (P) of the experiment: P1 (21 days previous to the first dose); P2 (from the first to second GnRH analogue doses); P3 (21 days after the second analogue dose). Serum concentrations of testosterone were determined in blood samples at days 21, 35, 49, 63, and 70. Results were analyzed in a randomized design, with ANOVA using SPSS. Three contrasts were constructed: C1: ICM vs ICF; C2: ICF vs EFE, and C3: ICM vs EFE. Final body weight was similar among treatments (P >0.05). In P3, weight gain, feed intake, and gain:feed of ICM was higher than EFE (P< 0.05), however results were similar (P >0.05) among treatments for periods P1 and P2. Serum testosterone concentration in ICM was higher (P < 0.01) than ICF and EFE until the second GnRH analogue dose, but similar among treatments (P >0.05) thereafter. In conclusion, immunocastrated males had better growth parameters than entire females, but similar to those of immunocastrated females.
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Napolitano, Michael Andrew, K. Benjamin Lee, Ethan S. Rosenfeld, Sheena W. Chen, Andrew D. Sparks, Christian D. Nagy, Michael D. Greenberg, and Gregory D. Trachiotis. "Long-Term Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Veterans with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy." Heart Surgery Forum 23, no. 3 (May 21, 2020): E323—E328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1532/hsf.2889.
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Background: The Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial showed that surgical revascularization in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) patients improves long-term mortality compared with medical treatment alone. This study examines how veterans with ICM undergoing revascularization fare against patients without ICM; it also examines the outcomes in the veteran population. Methods: This is a retrospective review of a single-center database. From 2000 to 2018, 1,461 patients underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Two-hundred-one patients with an ejection fraction less than 35% were classified as the ICM cohort. The primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications. Subgroup analysis was performed within the ICM cohort comparing off-pump CABG (OPCAB) versus on-pump CABG (ONCAB). Results: ICM patients had a higher incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) use. The non-ICM cohort was more functionally independent. OPCAB was performed in 80.1% of ICM and 66.3% of non-ICM cohorts. There was no statistical difference between ICM and non-ICM cohorts in 30-day mortality (OR 1.94[0.79 – 4.75], P = .15). The ICM cohort had an increased 5-year mortality (OR 1.75[1.14 – 2.69], P = .01) and 10-year mortality (OR 1.71[1.09 - 2.67], P = .02). The ICM cohort showed improved, although not statistically significant, short-term mortality with OPCAB compared with ONCAB (3.1% versus 12.5%, OR 0.31[0.05 – 1.82], P = .20). Conclusion: Veterans with ICM undergoing CABG demonstrated similar short-term survival compared with non-ICM veterans. The long-term survival in the ICM cohort still is inferior to patients without ICM. There is a trend toward improved short-term survival in patients with ICM undergoing OPCAB.
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Wang, Lei, Ye Jin, Jingya Zhou, Cheng Pang, Yi Wang, and Shuyang Zhang. "Phenotypic Disease Network-Based Multimorbidity Analysis in Idiopathic Cardiomyopathy Patients with Hospital Discharge Records." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 23 (November 25, 2022): 6965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11236965.
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Background: Idiopathic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is a rare disease affecting numerous physiological and biomolecular systems with multimorbidity. However, due to the small sample size of uncommon diseases, the whole spectrum of chronic disease co-occurrence, especially in developing nations, has not yet been investigated. To grasp the multimorbidity pattern, we aimed to present a multidimensional model for ICM and differences among age groups. Methods: Hospital discharge records were collected from a rare disease centre of ICM inpatients (n = 1036) over 10 years (2012 to 2021) for this retrospective analysis. One-to-one matched controls were also included. First, by looking at the first three digits of the ICD-10 code, we concentrated on chronic illnesses with a prevalence of more than 1%. The ICM and control inpatients had a total of 71 and 69 chronic illnesses, respectively. Second, to evaluate the multimorbidity pattern in both groups, we built age-specific cosine-index-based multimorbidity networks. Third, the associated rule mining (ARM) assessed the comorbidities with heart failure for ICM, specifically. Results: The comorbidity burden of ICM was 78% larger than that of the controls. All ages were affected by the burden, although those over 50 years old had more intense interactions. Moreover, in terms of disease connectivity, central, hub, and authority diseases were concentrated in the metabolic, musculoskeletal and connective tissue, genitourinary, eye and adnexa, respiratory, and digestive systems. According to the age-specific connection, the impaired coagulation function was required for raising attention (e.g., autoimmune-attacked digestive and musculoskeletal system disorders) in young adult groups (ICM patients aged 20–49 years). For the middle-aged (50–60 years) and older (≥70 years) groups, malignant neoplasm and circulatory issues were the main confrontable problems. Finally, according to the result of ARM, the comorbidities and comorbidity patterns of heart failure include diabetes mellitus and metabolic disorder, sleeping disorder, renal failure, liver, and circulatory diseases. Conclusions: The main cause of the comorbid load is aging. The ICM comorbidities were concentrated in the circulatory, metabolic, musculoskeletal and connective tissue, genitourinary, eye and adnexa, respiratory, and digestive systems. The network-based approach optimizes the integrated care of patients with ICM and advances our understanding of multimorbidity associated with the disease.
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Makgill, Robert A., and Hamish G. Rennie. "A Model for Integrated Coastal Management Legislation: A Principled Analysis of New Zealand’s Resource Management Act 1991." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 27, no. 1 (2012): 135–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180812x620667.
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Abstract In this article we set out the key components of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) legislation and show how the Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA) implements ICM in New Zealand. We briefly discuss why ICM is needed and the definition of ICM. We then identify the key tools for delivering ICM, and outline three general components that we consider need to be provided for in any successful legislative framework for ICM, namely: policy goals, legislative provision and decision-making bodies. Next we discuss five specific kinds of tools that we consider an ICM legal framework should make provision for in order to give effect to ICM in decision making. We finish by acknowledging that the ability of ICM to successfully manage intensive use and conflict is not without criticism, and briefly considering these criticisms in light of New Zealand’s experience with the RMA.
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Mora, S. J. De, R. F. Whitehead, and M. Gregory. "The chemical composition of glacial melt water ponds and streams on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica." Antarctic Science 6, no. 1 (March 1994): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102094000039.
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Melt waters cover c. 20% of the McMurdo Ice Shelf during the austral summer. The streams, ponds, and lakes up to 104 m2 in area occur in two types of terrain systems with differing morphological, chemical, and biological characteristics: pinnacled ice (PI) areas with sparse sediment cover, low relief, and little biomass; and ice-cored moraine (ICM) areas with 10–20 cm sediment cover, hummocky topography with up to 20 m relief, occasional mirabilite deposits, and dense benthic cyanobacterial mats. Pond water composition in the two areas is markedly different. PI area melt waters have low salinities, <2270 mg 1−1 total dissolved salts (TDS), and near neutral pH, mean = 7.8. The chemical composition of PI waters closely follows that of diluted sea water, suggesting that the release of ions from the sea ice matrix of the ice shelf is the major solute source. In contrast, ICM area melt waters have a wide range of salinities, up to 60 400 mg 1−1 TDS and alkaline pH, mean = 9.3. The chemical composition in c. 40% of the ICM ponds investigated did not resemble that of sea water, but had higher relative abundances of SO2−4, Na+, K+ and Ca2+. Leaching of local salt deposits, particularly mirabilite, weathering of surficial sediments, and morphological features promoting closed-basin brine evolution are possible contributing factors to the enrichments.
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Zhu, Yujie, John W. Kyle, and Peter J. Lee. "Flecainide sensitivity of a Na channel long QT mutation shows an open-channel blocking mechanism for use-dependent block." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 291, no. 1 (July 2006): H29—H37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01317.2005.
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A long QT mutation in the cardiac sodium channel, D1790G (DG), shows enhanced flecainide use-dependent block (UDB). The relative importance of open and inactivated states of the channel in flecainide UDB has been controversial. We used a modifiable, inactivation-deficient mutant channel that contains the F1486C mutation in the IFM motif to investigate the UDB difference between the wild-type (WT-ICM) and DG (DG-ICM) channels. UDB at 5 Hz was greater in DG-ICM than WT-ICM, and IC50 values for steady-state UDB were 7.19 and 18.06 μM, respectively. When [2-(trimethyammonium) ethyl]methanethiosulfonate bromide (MTSET) was included in the pipette and fast inactivation was disabled, IC50 was 5.04 μM for DG-ICM and 12.63 μM for WT-ICM. We measured open-channel block by flecainide directly in MTSET-treated, noninactivating ICM channels. Steady-state block was higher for DG-ICM than WT-ICM (IC50 was 2.34 μM for DG-ICM and 5.87 μM for WT-ICM), suggesting that open-channel block is an important determinant of flecainide UDB. We obtained association ( kon) and dissociation ( koff) rates for open-channel block by the Langmuir-isotherm model. They were koff = 31.37 s−1, kon = 5.83 s−1·μM−1, and calculated Kd = 5.38 μM for WT-ICM (where Kd = koff/ kon); and koff = 24.88 s−1, kon = 9.54 s−1·μM−1, and calculated Kd = 2.61 μM for DG-ICM. These Kd values were similar to IC50 measured from steady-state open-channel block. Furthermore, we modeled UDB mathematically by using these kinetic rates and found that the model predicted experimental UDB accurately. The recovery from UDB had a minor contribution to UDB. Flecainide UDB is predominantly determined by an open-channel blocking mechanism, and DG-ICM channels appeared to have an altered open-channel state with higher flecainide affinity than WT-ICM.
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Stukalova, O. V., A. A. Zhambeev, S. F. Sokolov, O. V. Sapelnikov, I. R. Grishin, V. G. Kiktev, and N. B. Shlevkov. "FEATURES OF STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRICAL REMODELING OF THE HEART ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH RISK OF LIFETHREATENING VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC AND NON-ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHIES." Siberian Medical Journal 34, no. 1 (April 23, 2019): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29001/2073-8552-2018-34-1-39-47.
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Objective: to identify the features of myocardial fibrosis and ventricular repolarization disorders associated with malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT) in patients with ischemic (ICM) and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM).Material and Methods. Fifty consecutive patients (41 men and 9 women aged 60±13 years; 30 patients with ICM and 20 patients with NICM) underwent contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart, QT dispersion analysis of 12-lead Holter ECG followed by implantation of cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or resynchronizing device with defibrillator (CRTD) to prevent sudden cardiac death.Results. According to data of 32 (28–43)-month follow up, VT paroxysms were registered in 20 of 30 patients (67%) with ICM and in 5 of 20 patients (25%) with NICM on follow-up. Data of successive univariate and ROC analyses of MRI indices differed between patients with and without recurrence of VTs in ICM and NICM patient groups. In ICM patients, VTs were associated with the values of QT (peak) interval dispersion over 80 mc according to data of Holter ECG monitoring and higher gray zone in the left ventricle (≥27%) according to contrast-enhanced MRI. Similar analyses in NICM patients showed that the most valuable diagnostic signs associated with the right ventricular tachycardias were the values of QT (peak) interval dispersion over 90 mc according to data of Holter ECG monitoring and the presence of non-transmural fibrosis of the left ventricle (≥27%) according to contrast-enhanced MRI.Conclusion. The features of structural remodeling of the left ventricle predisposing to VTs significantly differ in patients with ICM and NICM. Nevertheless, the presence of ventricular repolarization disorders, associated with onset of VTs, is universal in patients with ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies.
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Stukalova, O. V., A. A. Zhambeev, S. F. Sokolov, O. V. Sapelnikov, I. R. Grishin, V. G. Kiktev, and N. B. Shlevkov. "FEATURES OF STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRICAL REMODELING OF THE HEART ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH RISK OF LIFETHREATENING VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC AND NON-ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHIES." Siberian Medical Journal 34, no. 1 (April 23, 2019): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29001/2073-8552-2019-34-1-39-47.
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Objective: to identify the features of myocardial fibrosis and ventricular repolarization disorders associated with malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT) in patients with ischemic (ICM) and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM).Material and Methods. Fifty consecutive patients (41 men and 9 women aged 60±13 years; 30 patients with ICM and 20 patients with NICM) underwent contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart, QT dispersion analysis of 12-lead Holter ECG followed by implantation of cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or resynchronizing device with defibrillator (CRTD) to prevent sudden cardiac death.Results. According to data of 32 (28–43)-month follow up, VT paroxysms were registered in 20 of 30 patients (67%) with ICM and in 5 of 20 patients (25%) with NICM on follow-up. Data of successive univariate and ROC analyses of MRI indices differed between patients with and without recurrence of VTs in ICM and NICM patient groups. In ICM patients, VTs were associated with the values of QT (peak) interval dispersion over 80 mc according to data of Holter ECG monitoring and higher gray zone in the left ventricle (≥27%) according to contrast-enhanced MRI. Similar analyses in NICM patients showed that the most valuable diagnostic signs associated with the right ventricular tachycardias were the values of QT (peak) interval dispersion over 90 mc according to data of Holter ECG monitoring and the presence of non-transmural fibrosis of the left ventricle (≥27%) according to contrast-enhanced MRI.Conclusion. The features of structural remodeling of the left ventricle predisposing to VTs significantly differ in patients with ICM and NICM. Nevertheless, the presence of ventricular repolarization disorders, associated with onset of VTs, is universal in patients with ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies.
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Silitonga, Parlindungan Y., Sri Hartoyo, Bonar M. Sinaga, and I. Wayan Rusastra. "ANALISIS EFISIENSI USAHATANI JAGUNG PADA LAHAN KERING MELALUI PENERAPAN PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU (PTT) DI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT." Informatika Pertanian 25, no. 2 (February 26, 2018): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ip.v25n2.2016.p199-214.
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Implementation of Integrated Crop Management (ICM) on maize farming in dry land is expected to increase the production and efficiency. This study aimed to: 1) analyze technical, allocative, and economic efficiencies of dry land maize farming under ICM and non-ICM implementation program, 2) identify factors that influence the technical inefficiency of maize farming under ICM and non-ICM implementation program. The study was conducted in maize production center in West Java province at Sukabumi and Garut regencies. Stratified random sampling method was used to survey 300 households in 2015. The data were analyzed using the Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function; while allocative and economic efficiencies were analyzed using the input side approach with frontier dual cost function. The results showed that the productivity of ICM maize farming was 18% higher than the non-ICM. The level of technical, allocative and economic efficiencies of ICM maize farming were 88%, 22%, and 20% respectively, while the level of technical, allocative and economic efficiencies of non-ICM maize farming were 78%, 18%, and 14%, respectively. The level of technical, allocative and economic efficiencies increased by 11% to 30% higher in ICM than the non-ICM. Factors causing technical inefficiency were frequency of extension, educational level, and distance of farmland from farmers residence.
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Hichri, Maha, Georges Vassaux, Jean-Marie Guigonis, Thierry Juhel, Fanny Graslin, Julien Guglielmi, Thierry Pourcher, and Béatrice Cambien. "Proteomic Analysis of Iodinated Contrast Agent-Induced Perturbation of Thyroid Iodide Uptake." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 2 (January 23, 2020): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020329.
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(1) Background: We recently showed that iodinated contrast media (ICM) reduced thyroid uptake of iodide independently of free iodide through a mechanism different from that of NaI and involving a dramatic and long-lasting decrease in Na/I symporter expression. The present study aimed at comparing the response of the thyroid to ICM and NaI using a quantitative proteomic approach. (2) Methods: Scintiscans were performed on ICM-treated patients. Micro Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (microSPECT/CT) imaging was used to assess thyroid uptakes in ICM- or NaI-treated mice and their response to recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone. Total thyroid iodide content and proteome was determined in control, NaI-, or ICM-treated animals. (3) Results: The inhibitory effect of ICM in patients was selectively observed on thyroids but not on salivary glands for up to two months after a systemic administration. An elevated level of iodide was observed in thyroids from NaI-treated mice but not in those from ICM animals. Exposure of the thyroid to NaI modulates 15 cellular pathways, most of which are also affected by ICM treatment (including the elF4 and P706SK cell signaling pathway and INSR identified as an upstream activator in both treatments). In addition, ICM modulates 16 distinct pathways and failed to affect thyroid iodide content. Finally, administration of ICM reduces thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor expression which results in a loss of TSH-induced iodide uptake by the thyroid. (4) Conclusions: Common intracellular mechanisms are involved in the ICM- and NaI-induced reduction of iodide uptake. However, ICM fails to affect thyroid iodide content which suggests that the modulation of these common pathways is triggered by separate effectors. ICM also modulates numerous distinct pathways which may account for its long-lasting effect on thyroid uptake. These observations may have implications in the management of patients affected by differentiated thyroid carcinomas who have been exposed to ICM. They also provide the basis for the utilization of ICM-based compounds in radioprotection of the thyroid.
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Bednarczuk, Tomasz, Thomas H. Brix, Wolfgang Schima, Georg Zettinig, and George J. Kahaly. "2021 European Thyroid Association Guidelines for the Management of Iodine-Based Contrast Media-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction." European Thyroid Journal 10, no. 4 (2021): 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000517175.
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Given the fact that a large number of radiological examinations using iodine-based contrast media (ICM) are performed in everyday practice, clinicians should be aware of potential ICM-induced thyroid dysfunction (TD). ICM can induce hyperthyroidism (Hyper) or hypothyroidism (Hypo) due to supraphysiological concentrations of iodine in the contrast solution. The prevalence of ICM-induced TD varies from 1 to 15%. ICM-induced Hyper is predominantly found in regions with iodine deficiency and in patients with underlying nodular goiter or latent Graves’ disease. Patients at risk for ICM-induced Hypo include those with autoimmune thyroiditis, living in areas with sufficient iodine supply. Most cases of ICM-induced TD are mild and transient. In the absence of prospective clinical trials on the management of ICM-induced TD, an individualized approach to prevention and treatment, based on patient’s age, clinical symptoms, pre-existing thyroid diseases, coexisting morbidities and iodine intake must be advised. Treatment of ICM-induced Hyper with antithyroid drugs (in selected cases in combination with sodium perchlorate) should be considered in patients with severe or prolonged hyperthyroid symptoms or in older patients with underlying heart disease. It is debated whether preventive therapy with methimazole and/or perchlorate prior to ICM administration is justified. In ICM-induced overt Hypo, temporary levothyroxine may be considered in younger patients with symptoms of Hypo, with an underlying autoimmune thyroiditis and in women planning pregnancy. Additional clinical trials with clinically relevant endpoints are warranted to further aid in clinical decision-making in patients with ICM-induced TD.
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Huang, Shih-Ting, Tung-Min Yu, Chia-Hsin Chen, Yun-Chung Cheng, Ya-Wen Chuang, Cheng-Hsu Cheng, Jia-Sin Liu, Chih-Cheng Hsu, and Ming-Ju Wu. "Risk of Major Cardiovascular Disease after Exposure to Contrast Media: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study on Dialysis Patients." Metabolites 13, no. 2 (February 13, 2023): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020266.
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Contrast associated kidney injury is caused by side effects of iodinated contrast media (ICM), including inflammation. Chronic inflammation among dialysis patient contributes to atherosclerosis, which leads to simultaneous conditions of the kidney, brain, and vasculature. Data to investigate the pathologic effects of ICM on cardiovascular complications in dialysis patients are lacking. Dialysis patients who had been exposed to ICM from computed tomography (ICM-CT) were allocated as the ICM-CT cohort (N = 3751), whereas dialysis patients without ICM exposure were randomly allocated as the non-ICM cohort (N = 17,196). Furthermore, 540 pairs were selected for analyses through propensity score-matching in terms of age, sex, comorbidities, dialysis vintage, and index date. During a median follow-up of 10.3 years, ICM-CT cohort had significantly higher risks in the following, compared with non-ICM cohort: all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26–1.47), cardiovascular events (aHR,1.67; 95% CI, 1.39–2.01), acute coronary syndrome (adjusted HR: 2.92; 95% CI, 1.72–4.94), sudden cardiac arrest (aHR, 1.69; 95% CI, 0.90–3.18), heart failure (aHR, 1.71; 95% CI,1.28–2.27), and stroke (aHR, 1.84; 95% CI,1.45–2.35). The proinflammatory ICM is significantly associated with an increased risk of major cardiovascular events in patients on dialysis.
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Kehoe, Elaine. "2018 ICM Awards." Notices of the American Mathematical Society 65, no. 11 (December 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/noti1763.
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Basak, Carolyn. "ICM congress report." British Journal of Midwifery 7, no. 7 (July 1999): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.1999.7.7.8294.
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Sury, B. "ICM Awards 2018." Resonance 24, no. 5 (May 2019): 597–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12045-019-0813-5.
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Correia, Affonso Henriques Prates. "ICM - Isenção - Revogação." Revista de Direito Administrativo 187 (January 1, 1992): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/rda.v187.1992.44981.
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- ICM. Isenção prevista para a saída das máquinas e equipamentos adquiridos para projeto de obra de interesse público, em execução. Convênios 9/75, 11/81 e 24/81. Revogação dessa isenção. Quem tem direito à isenção em causa não é o "contribuinte de fato", ou seja, o comprador das máquinas e equipamentos nacionais destinados à implementação de projetos que consultem aos interesses do país, mas, sim, o "contribuinte de direito", que é o fabricante deles. A este não se exige que assuma qualquer obrigação em contrapartida da isenção, nem lhe é ela concedida por prazo determinado. Portanto, essa isenção, por não ser condicionada, nem a termo, para o seu titular, pode ser revogada a qualquer tempo, inexistente direito adquirido a ela.
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Suharyanto, Suharyanto. "EFISIENSI EKONOMI RELATIF USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DENGAN PENDEKATAN FUNGSI KEUNTUNGAN PADA PROGRAM SEKOLAH LAPANG-PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU (SL-PTT) DI PROVINSI BALI." Informatika Pertanian 24, no. 1 (July 1, 2015): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ip.v24n1.2015.p59-66.
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The research was conducted at three centers of rice production in the province of Bali i.e. regency of Tabanan, Gianyar and Buleleng in dry season of 2011 and wet season of 2011/2012. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire. The number of respondents consisted of 94 farmers non ICM-FFS and 122 farmers ICM-FFS with total respondents of 216 farmers. The distribution of sample respondents for each district were Tabanan district in subak Guama, Selanbawak village, Marga subdistrict as much as 78 respondents (44 ICM-FFS farmers and 34 farmer non ICM-FFS) ; Gianyar district in Subak Kumpul, Bona village, Blahbatuh subdisrict as much as 66 respondents (ICM-FFS 38 farmers and 28 farmer non ICM-FFS) and district Buleleng in subak Lebeha, Sangsit village, Sawan district as much as 72 respondent (40 farmers ICM-FFS dan 32 farmers non ICM-FFS). Relative economic efficiency and factors affecting low land rice farming profits were analyzed with Unit Output Price-Cobb Douglas Profit Function (UOP-CDPF) approach, which estimated using Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The result showed that the relative economic efficiency of ICM-FFS farmer was significantly higher than the non ICM-FFS farmers. Factors affecting low land rice farming profitability were price of N fertilizer, P fertilizer price, price of pesticides and wage of labor. The profitability of low land rice farming was higher on their own land, cultivated in the dry season and the farmers participating in the ICM-FFS.
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MACE, JOHN H. "Involuntary conscious memory facilitates cued recall performance: Further evidence that chaining occurs during voluntary recall." American Journal of Psychology 122, no. 3 (October 1, 2009): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27784409.
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Abstract Recent studies have shown that conscious recollection of the past occurs spontaneously when subjects voluntarily recall their own past experiences or a list of previously studied words. Naturalistic diary studies and laboratory studies of this phenomenon, often called involuntary conscious memory (ICM), show that it occurs in 2 ways. One is direct ICM retrieval, which occurs when a cue spontaneously triggers a conscious memory; the other is chained ICM retrieval, which occurs when a retrieved conscious memory spontaneously triggers another. Laboratory studies investigating ICM show that chained ICM retrieval occurs on voluntary autobiographical memory tasks. The present results show that chained ICM retrieval also occurs on a voluntary word list memory task (cued recall). These results are among a handful suggesting that ICM retrieval routinely occurs during voluntary recall.
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Kim, Daniel G., and Sung Sook Kim. "The Rebirth of the IMU and ICM." Journal for History of Mathematics 26, no. 1 (February 28, 2013): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14477/jhm.2013.26.1.021.
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Yugandhar, V., E. Sireesha, M. Harani, K. Balaji Naik, M. Mallikarjun, and C. Radha Kumari. "Effects of Integrated Crop Management Practices on Tomato Yield and Economics in Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh, India." Asian Research Journal of Agriculture 17, no. 2 (April 16, 2024): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/arja/2024/v17i2435.
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Integrated crop management (ICM) demonstrations were done in 20 farmers’ fields in the Krishi Vigyan Kendra operated mandals of Ananthapur and Satya Sai districts in Andhra Pradesh state during the Kharif seasons of 2022-23 and 2023-24. The objective was to demonstrate the influence of ICM to increase tomato yield at field level. According to the data, ICM practices produced a mean yield of 59.7 t/ha, which is 6.23% higher than farmers practice (56.2 t/ha). The increment in yield of tomato crop under ICM practices was due to use of improved hybrid of Arka Samrat coupled with ICM module developed by Dr YSR Horticultural University. ICM practices resulted in a higher economic benefit and adoption of ICM practices resulted in higher benefit-cost ratio (3.80) than the farmers practice with private hybrids (3.48). Tomato productivity per unit area increased by applying scientifically sound, long-term management practices. The study demonstrated that, ICM enhanced tomato yields. This can be used to influence farmers to adopt enhanced tomato production management technologies in the future.
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Giménez-Escamilla, Isaac, Carlota Benedicto, Lorena Pérez-Carrillo, Marta Delgado-Arija, Irene González-Torrent, Roger Vilchez, Luis Martínez-Dolz, Manuel Portolés, Estefanía Tarazón, and Esther Roselló-Lletí. "Alterations in Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation System: Relationship of Complex V and Cardiac Dysfunction in Human Heart Failure." Antioxidants 13, no. 3 (February 26, 2024): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox13030285.
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Heart failure (HF) is a disease related to bioenergetic mitochondrial abnormalities. However, the whole status of molecules involved in the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) is unknown. Therefore, we analyzed the OXPHOS transcriptome of human cardiac tissue by RNA-seq analyses (mRNA n = 36; ncRNA n = 30) in HF patients (ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)) and control subjects. We detected 28 altered genes in these patients, highlighting greater deregulation in ICM. Specifically, we found a general overexpression of complex V (ATP synthase) elements, among them, ATP5I (ICM, FC = 2.04; p < 0.01), ATP5MJ (ICM, FC = 1.33, p < 0.05), and ATP5IF1 (ICM, FC = 1.81; p < 0.001), which presented a significant correlation with established echocardiographic parameters of cardiac remodeling and ventricular function as follows: left ventricular end-systolic (p < 0.01) and end-diastolic (p < 0.01) diameters, and ejection fraction (p < 0.05). We also detected an increase in ATP5IF1 protein levels (ICM, FC = 1.75; p < 0.01) and alterations in the microRNA expression levels of miR-208b-3p (ICM, FC = −1.44, p < 0.001), miR-483-3p (ICM, FC = 1.37, p < 0.01), regulators of ATP5I. Therefore, we observed the deregulation of the OXPHOS transcriptome in ICM patients, highlighting the overexpression of complex V and its relationship with cardiac remodeling and function.
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Burnham, Kara D., and James Mascenik. "Comparison of student performance and perceptions of a traditional lecture course versus an inverted classroom format for clinical microbiology." Journal of Chiropractic Education 32, no. 2 (June 6, 2018): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7899/jce-17-21.
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Objective: Student satisfaction and student performance are of primary concern when classroom pedagogy is changed. We determine the equivalence of two teaching methodologies in a clinical microbiology course using test scores as the measure of student performance. Methods: The two teaching methodologies examined were a traditional lecture-based method face-to-face (F2F) method and an inverted classroom method (ICM). Student perceptions of the ICM method were measured using a course survey in which students were asked to compare their experiences in the ICM class with experiences in a traditional F2F class. Classroom exams were administered in the same way in the traditional F2F lecture and ICM courses. Student test averages obtained in both pedagogies were compared for equivalence using an independent samples t-test. A six-question survey was developed to assess student perception of the ICM classroom compared to that for the traditional lecture-based classroom. Results: Test performance of students in the ICM was equivalent to that of students receiving traditional F2F lectures. Mean difference between test scores for the ICM and traditional F2F groups was 1.9 points (95% confidence interval [CI], −4.0–0.14). Survey responses indicated that respondents feel positively about self-learning in ICM and prefer the flexibility provided by ICM. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that the ICM method of teaching clinical microbiology can replace the traditional F2F method without loss of student performance. Respondent perceptions of the inverted classroom were positive, with students favoring the flexibility.
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Yang, Lingzhi, Yunwei Chen, and Wei Huang. "What Links Chronic Kidney Disease and Ischemic Cardiomyopathy? A Comprehensive Bioinformatic Analysis Utilizing Bulk and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data with Machine Learning." Life 13, no. 11 (November 16, 2023): 2215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13112215.
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) emerges as a substantial contributor to various cardiovascular disorders, including ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms linking CKD and ICM remain elusive. Our study aims to unravel these connections by integrating publicly available bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. Expression profiles from two ICM datasets obtained from heart tissue and one CKD with Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (CKD-PBMC) dataset were collected. We initiated by identifying shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ICM and CKD. Subsequent functional enrichment analysis shed light on the mechanisms connecting CKD to ICM. Machine learning algorithms enabled the identification of 13 candidate genes, including AGRN, COL16A1, COL1A2, FAP, FRZB, GPX3, ITIH5, NFASC, PTN, SLC38A1, STARD7, THBS2, and VPS35. Their expression patterns in ICM were investigated via scRNA-seq data analysis. Notably, most of them were enriched in fibroblasts. COL16A1, COL1A2, PTN, and FAP were enriched in scar-formation fibroblasts, while GPX3 and THBS2 showed enrichment in angiogenesis fibroblasts. A Gaussian naïve Bayes model was developed for diagnosing CKD-related ICM, bolstered by SHapley Additive exPlanations interpretability and validated internally and externally. In conclusion, our investigation unveils the extracellular matrix’s role in CKD and ICM interplay, identifies 13 candidate genes, and showcases their expression patterns in ICM. We also constructed a diagnostic model using 13 gene features and presented an innovative approach for managing CKD-related ICM through serum-based diagnostic strategies.
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Bol, Marco G. W., Jan P. A. Baak, Bianca v. Diermen, E. A. M. Janssen, Susanne B. K. Buhr-Wildhagen, and Kjell-Henning Kjellevold. "Correlation of Grade of Urothelial Cell Carcinomas and DNA Histogram Features Assessed by Flow Cytometry and Automated Image Cytometry." Analytical Cellular Pathology 25, no. 3 (2003): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2003/410239.
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Objective: To analyse how DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction (SPF) by flow cytometry (FCM) and an optimised fully automatic DNA image cytometer (ICM) correlate with grade in TaT1 urothelial cell carcinomas (UC) of the urinary bladder.Materials and methods: Two-hundred-and twenty-eight consensus cases were analysed. Single cell suspensions were stained (DAPI for FCM, Feulgen for ICM). There was enough material for both FCMand ICMin 202 of these cases. FCMand optimised ICM measurements were performed on the 202 UCs. To discriminate between different grades, single- and multivariate analyses was performed on DNA histogram features obtained with the MultiCycle program (using DNA index (DI) and SPF). Results: Overall measurement time of the adapted ICM method was 10.7 minutes per case (range 5.9–29.8 min.) and required little additional interactive object rejection (average 152 objects (84–298) on 3000 objects per case measured, which took 9.9 minutes on average, range 8.3–15.5 minutes). The ICM histograms looked much “cleaner” with less noise than the FCM graphs. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the diploid peak for ICM(5.4%) was significantly lower than for FCM(5.9%) (p< 0.0001). ICM features were more strongly correlated to grade than FCMfeatures. In multivariate analysis, the best discriminating set of features was DNA ploidy and SPF (both by ICM).Conclusions: The adapted fully automated DNA ICM works very well for UCs. Low CV DNA ICM histograms are obtained in a time comparable to FCM. The DNA ICM results have stronger discriminative power than DNA FCM for grade in TaT1 UCs. Colour figures can be viewed onhttp://www.esacp.org/acp/2003/25-3/bol.htm.
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Vincent, Carr D., Benjamin A. Buscher, Jonathan R. Friedman, Lee Anne Williams, Patrick Bardill, and Joseph P. Vogel. "Identification of Non-dot/icm Suppressors of the Legionella pneumophila ΔdotL Lethality Phenotype." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 23 (September 22, 2006): 8231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00937-06.
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ABSTRACT Legionella pneumophila, a causative agent of bacterial pneumonia, survives inside phagocytic cells by avoiding rapid targeting to the lysosome. This bacterium utilizes a type IVB secretion system, encoded by the dot/icm genes, to replicate inside host cells. DotL, a critical component of the Dot/Icm secretion apparatus, functions as the type IV coupling protein. In contrast to most dot/icm genes, which are dispensable for growth on bacteriological media, dotL is required for the viability of wild-type L. pneumophila. Previously we reported that ΔdotL lethality could be suppressed by inactivation of the Dot/Icm complex via mutations in other dot/icm genes. Here we report the isolation of non-dot/icm suppressors of this phenotype. These ΔdotL suppressors include insertions that disrupt the function of the L. pneumophila homologs of cpxR, djlA, lysS, and two novel open reading frames, lpg0742 and lpg1594, that we have named ldsA and ldsB for lethality of ΔdotL suppressor. In addition to suppressing ΔdotL lethality, inactivation of these genes in a wild-type strain background causes a range of defects in L. pneumophila virulence traits, including intracellular growth, implicating these factors in the proper function of the Dot/Icm complex. Consistent with previous data showing a role for the cpx system in regulating expression of several dot/icm genes, the cpxR insertion mutant produced decreased levels of three Dot/Icm proteins, DotA, IcmV, and IcmW. The remaining four suppressors did not affect the steady-state levels of any Dot/Icm protein and are likely to represent the first identified factors necessary for assembly and/or activation of the Dot/Icm secretion complex.
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Isdahartati, A. Damar, A. Solihin, F. Kurniawan, Yonvitner, and M. A. Al Amin. "Effectiveness of ICM system and its contribution to local capacity development: Case study in West Papua Province." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1260, no. 1 (November 1, 2023): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1260/1/012043.
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Abstract Integration and coordination of various coastal and marine management efforts is the major objective of the integrated coastal management (ICM) approach. In the implementation of the Raja Ampat’s COREMAP CTI activities, PKSPL IPB University replicates ICM practices, in Yensawai Village, Raja Ampat Regency. Those include cycle guidelines, structures, and models of ICM implementation at the local government level. The ICM cycle is very important because it provides a gradual and non-negotiable “must” to be able to proceed to the next several steps. The cycle must be done correctly to contribute to continuous improvement. The goal is to have a functioning ICM system to improve local government services and contribute to sustainable development. PKSPL IPB University has successfully demonstrated its effectiveness and impact on the implementation of the ICM program. This can be seen in the increasing adoption of the concept of sustainability in local governments as well as increasing local political commitment to the rehabilitation of sustainable coastal ecosystems in West Yensawai Village, Raja Ampat Regency. The experience of PKSPL IPB University in other ICM pilot sites in implementing ICM integration was replicated in the COREMAP CTI program in West Papua Province. Contribution factors adopted by ICM in local capacity building include: (i) local government involvement; (ii) the leadership role of the coordination mechanism; (iii) key steps of the ICM Cycle process; (iv) vision-led programs; (v) local champions; (vi) visible achievements and impacts; (vii) increased value of integrated planning and management approaches, and local and political commitments.
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J. SHEKHAR, B. S. MANKOTlA, and S.P. DEV. "Productivity and economics of rice (Oryza sativa) in system of rice intensification in North-Western Himalayas." Indian Journal of Agronomy 54, no. 4 (October 10, 2001): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v54i4.4817.
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A field experiment was conducted at Malan during kharif 2006 and 2007 to evaluate the productivity and prof- itability of rice under system of rice intensification (SRI) and integrated crop management (ICM). The SRI in- volved transplanting of 10-12 days old single seedlinglhill at 25 cm x 25 cm; ICM involved transplanting of 15-18 days old 1-2 seedlingslhill at 20 cm x 20 cm spacing and were compared with conventional transplanting (CT) of 4 weeks old 2-3 seedlingslhill at 20 cm x 10 cm spacing. The treatments (CT, SRI, ICM) were tested in 2 sets,l with same date of nursery sowing (consequently with different transplanting dates) and another with same date of transplanting (with different dates of nursery sowing). The SRI and ICM methods outperformed CT under same date of nursery sowing. The plants under SRI and ICM were taller by 7.4 cm and 6.1 cm, respectively and ma- tured 7 days earlier compared to CT (124 days). More tillering at hill level compensated and thus effective tillers1 m2 in ICM (247) were at par with CT (244) but were less in SRI (203). Panicle weight (g) was significantly more in SRI (3.75) followed by ICM (3.01) and CT (2.85). On an average ICM (6.67 tlha; 14.5%) and SRI (6.43 ffha; 10.6%) produced significantly more grain yield compared to CT (5.81 tlha). NPK uptake was significantly more in ICM (98.9, 19.6, 96.8 kglha) followed by SRI and CT. On an average, ICM recorded significantly higher net return (Rs 40,9431ha) and benefit:cost ratio (2.04) followed by SRI (Rs 39,1201ha and 1.98). Under same date of nurs- ery transplanting, the number of effective tillers/m2 were significantly less under SRI (164) and ICM (214) and so the productivity and profitability in new methods was less. Thus, it is concluded that under mid hills of Himachal Pradesh, ICM was promising to increase the productivity and profitability of transplanted rice.
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Shipulin, V. M., A. S. Pryakhin, S. L. Andreev, V. V. Shipulin, and B. N. Kozlov. "Surgical Treatment of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Current State of the Problem." Kardiologiia 59, no. 9 (September 21, 2019): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18087//cardio.2019.9.n329.
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In this article we present discussion of the current state of the problem of surgical treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). The pathophysiological aspects of left ventricular remodeling in patients with ICM are also covered. A detailed characterization of methods for assessing the myocardial viability is given and their role in patients with ICM is shown. The problem of right ventricular dysfunction in ICM is discussed. Main attention is focused on the methods of surgical treatment of ICM. Limitations of the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) study are analyzed. The article is intended for cardiologists, general practitioners and cardiac surgeons.
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Sairamesh, Ramesh, and William Stein-III. "GENDER BIAS IN ICM RELATED OUTCOMES AND POST-ICM INSERTION PROCEDURES." Cardiovascular Digital Health Journal 3, no. 4 (August 2022): S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvdhj.2022.07.036.
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Lingjiang, Tao, and Duan Wansuo. "Using a Nonlinear Forcing Singular Vector Approach to Reduce Model Error Effects in ENSO Forecasting." Weather and Forecasting 34, no. 5 (September 11, 2019): 1321–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0050.1.
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Abstract Nonlinear forcing singular vector (NFSV)-based assimilation is adopted to determine the model tendency errors that represent the combined effect of different kinds of model errors; then, an NFSV-tendency error forecast model is formulated. This error forecast model is coupled with an intermediate complex model (ICM) and makes the ICM output closer to the observations; finally, an NFSV-ICM forecast model for ENSO is constructed. The competing aspect of the NFSV-ICM is to consider not only model errors but also the interaction between model errors and initial errors because of the mathematical nature of the NFSV-tendency errors. Based on the prediction experiments for tropical SSTAs during either the training period (1960–96; i.e., when the NFSV-ICM is formulated) or the cross-validation period (1997–2016), the NFSV-ICM is determined to have a much higher forecast skill in predicting ENSO that, specifically, extends the skillful predictions of ENSO from a lead time of 6 months in the original ICM to a lead time of 12 months. The higher skill of the NFSV-ICM is especially reflected in the predictions of SSTAs in the central and western Pacific. For the well-known spring predictability barrier (SPB) phenomenon that greatly limits ENSO forecasting skill, the NFSV-ICM also shows great abilities in suppressing its negative effect on ENSO predictions. Although the NFSV-ICM is presently only involved with the NFSV-related assimilation of SSTs, it has shown its usefulness in predicting ENSO. It is clear that the NFSV-based assimilation approach is effective in dealing with the effect of model errors on ENSO forecasts.
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Smith, D. L., B. L. Ma, S. Leibovitch, S. Lussier, and W. E. Maloba. "Comparison of crop management effects on spring barley cultivars grown on three soil types in southwestern Quebec." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 927–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps93-123.
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There may be potential to increase grain yield and/or quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under the short crop-growing season conditions of Southwestern Quebec with intensive cereal management (ICM) practices similar to those used successfully in Europe. A field experiment was conducted for 4 yr (1987–1990) at the Macdonald Campus of McGill University to evaluate the applicability of ICM (140 kg N ha−1, 480 g a.i. ethephon ha−1, 70 g triadimefon ha−1 and 10-cm row spacing) vs. conventional cereal management (CCM) (70 kg N ha− and 20-cm row spacing) on spring barley. Four barley cultivars (Cadette, Joly, Laurier and Leger) were grown on three soil types: Bearbrook clay, St. Bernard loam and Chicot loamy sand. Grain yields of most cultivars were either unchanged or decreased 5–30% by ICM whereas Laurier occasionally yielded better under ICM than CCM. A general increase in spikes m−2 that resulted from ICM was largely offset by a reduction in grains per spike. Although ICM increased crude protein concentrations in grain and straw, use of 15N-labelled fertilizer showed a lower N recovery rate. The results indicated that yield response to ICM was inconsistent and was influenced to a large extent by prevailing weather and soil conditions. The ICM package tested is not applicable in this region. Key words: Conventional cereal management (CCM), intensive cereal management (ICM), 15N, nitrogen recovery, protein, soil type, spring barley
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Purba, Resmayeti, and Maureen Chrisye Hadiatry. "Yield performance and farmers' responses to corn composite varieties in Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province." E3S Web of Conferences 361 (2022): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236104013.
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The objective of the present study was to determine yield performance and farmers' preference to the Lamuru composite corn variety planted with the application of corn Integrated Crop Management (ICM) and non Integrated Crop Management (non-ICM). The study was conducted in Kadumadang Village of Pandeglang Regency on a dry land agro-ecosystem in February-May 2020. The composite corn variety used was the Lamuru variety. Data was gathered using direct observation of agronomic performance and production with 10 replications. The agronomic data observed were plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, 50% flowering age, cob length, cob diameter, number of rows per cob, 100 grains weight, stover weight, cob weight and dry seeds weight. Interviews and questionnaires were conducted to determine farmers' preference to the Lamuru variety performance. Quantitative data was analyzed statistically and qualitative data was analyzed descriptively. From the result, the growth of corn ICM was higher than non-ICM. It resulted in a higher productivity of corn ICM (9.27 t/ha) compared to non-ICM (6.68 t/ha) significantly. Furthermore, farmers gave a fairly high response to the performance of Lamuru variety through the application of corn ICM and non-ICM, respectively at 79.95% and 72.52%.
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Sönmez, D., and A. A. Eker. "Numerical Simulation and Process Optimization of a 3D Thin-Walled Polymeric Part Using Injection Compression Molding." International Polymer Processing 36, no. 4 (September 1, 2021): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2020-4075.
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Abstract Injection compression molding (ICM) is a hybrid injection molding process for manufacturing polymer products with high precision and surface accuracy. In this study, a 3D flow simulation was employed for ICM and injection molding (IM) processes. Initially, the process parameters of IM and ICM were discussed based on the numerical simulations. The IM and ICM processes were compared via numerical simulation by using CAE tools of Moldflow software. The effect of process parameters of mold surface temperature, melting temperature, compression force and injection time on clamping force and pressure at the injection location of molded 3D BJ998MO Polypropylene (MFI 100) part was investigated by Taguchi analysis. In conclusion, it was found that the ICM has a relatively lower filling pressure than ICM, which results in reduced clamping force for producing a 3D thin-walled polymeric part.
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Melichova, D., T. M. Nguyen, I. M. Salte, L. G. Klaebo, B. Sjoli, S. Karlsen, T. Dahlslett, et al. "P1428 Mortality in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy is low and close to the general population." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 21, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jez319.857.
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Abstract Funding Acknowledgements South Eastern Norway regional health authority Background Patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NDCM) have lower mortality compared to patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Recent reports suggest less benefit of a primary prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in NDCM. Purpose We aimed to investigate mortality rate and appropriate ICD therapy in a consecutive cohort of patients with NDCM and ICM. Methods In this prospective multi-center study, we consecutively included NDCM and ICM patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% from July 2014 to January 2018. ICM or NDCM classification was based on coronary angiography. Echocardiography was performed at inclusion and LVEF and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were assessed. All-cause mortality and primary prevention ICD therapies were recorded during follow-up. Results We included 290 patients (67 ± 13 years old, 74% males), 207 with ICM and 83 with NDCM. At inclusion LVEF was 31 ± 6% and GLS -10.5 ± -3.3%. Patients with ICM were older (68 ± 12 years vs. 63 ± 15 years, p < 0.01), had better LVEF (32 ± 6% vs. 28 ± 7%, p < 0.01), and shorter QRS duration (106 ± 23 ms vs. 122 ± 28 ms, p < 0.01). A primary prevention ICD was implanted in 18 (9%) ICM patients and in 21 (25%) NDCM patients (p < 0.001). During 22 ±12 months follow up, all-cause mortality was 27 (9%) in the entire population. In patients with ICM 1/18 (6%) received appropriate shock from their primary prevention ICD compared to 3/21 (14%) NDCM patients. Mortality was more frequent in ICM; 26/207 (13%) compared to 1/83 (1.2%) in NDCM (Log rank p < 0.01). All-cause mortality or appropriate ICD shock was more frequent in ICM compared to NDCM (27 (13%) vs. 4 (5%) log rank p = 0.02) (Figure). Assuming the arrhythmias treated by the ICD shocks would have been lethal, annual mortality of 2.5% in the NDCM population was only slightly higher compared to the age matched general population (1% annual mortality) (blue line). Conclusion Patients with NDCM had better survival, and in general a lower event rate, compared to patients with ICM. However, subgroups of NDCM patients may benefit from their primary prophylactic ICD and further studies should investigate the need of primary prevention ICD in patients with NDCM. Abstract P1428 Figure.
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Husaini, Mustafa, Yitschak Biton, Scott McNitt, Wojciech Zareba, Arthur J. Moss, Ilan Goldenberg, Alon Barsheshet, and Valentina Kutyifa. "Abstract 14932: Effects of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Patients by Revascularization Procedures in MADIT-CRT." Circulation 132, suppl_3 (November 10, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.132.suppl_3.14932.
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Background: The Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (MADIT-CRT) showed that patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) had similar reductions in clinical events with implanted CRT-D vs. ICD-only when compared to patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). Frequency of revascularizations may serve as a surrogate for severity of coronary artery disease in patients with ICM and severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. However, it is unknown whether the number of revascularizations plays a role in clinical outcomes in ICM patients implanted with CRT-D vs. ICD-only. Methods: Using a multivariable analysis of MADIT-CRT data, we evaluated the effect of CRT-D vs. ICD-only on combined heart failure (HF) or death and combined ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF) or death in ICM patients by the number of pre-enrollment revascularizations (1 or ≥ 2 revascularizations) compared to those with no need for revascularization. Follow-up over a median period of 5.6 years for HF/death and 4.0 years for VT/VF/death was assessed among 1374 ICM patients with a Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB). Results: There was a significant and similar risk reduction with CRT-D vs. ICD-only in HF/death in all three sub-groups: ICM with no need for revascularization (HR 0.45 [0.26-0.80]; p < 0.006), ICM with one revascularization (HR 0.46 [0.31-0.69]; p <0.001), and ICM with 2 or more revascularization (HR 0.50 [0.30-0.84]; p = 0.008). However, significant risk reduction of VT/VF/death with CRT-D vs. ICD-only was only observed in patients with no need for revascularization (HR 0.52 [0.30-0.89]; p = 0.017), less so in those with ICM with one revascularization (HR 0.72 [0.49-1.06]; p = 0.10), and no reduction was seen in those with ICM with 2 or more revascularization (HR 0.94 [0.54-1.62]; p = 0.81). Conclusions: In ischemic cardiomyopathy patients, CRT-D vs. ICD-only is associated with a significant risk reduction in heart failure events or death irrespective of the frequency of pre-enrollment revascularization procedures; however, the benefit of CRT-D vs. ICD-only to reduce ventricular tachyarrhythmias is attenuated with the increasing number of revascularization procedures.
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Naman, Tuersunjiang, Refukaiti Abuduhalike, Mubalake Yakufu, Ayixigu Bawudun, Juan Sun, and Ailiman Mahemuti. "Development and validation of a predictive model of the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ICAM-1 gene on the risk of ischemic cardiomyopathy." Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 9 (November 10, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.977340.
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ObjectivePrevious research has linked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ICAM-1 gene to an increased risk of developing ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM); however, a diagnostic model of ICM according to the ICAM-1 variant has not yet been developed. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the correlation between SNPs in ICAM-1 and the presence of ICM, along with developing a diagnostic model for ICM based on the variants of the ICAM-1 gene.MethodThis study recruited a total of 252 patients with ICM and 280 healthy controls. In addition, all the participants were genotyped for SNPs in the ICAM-1 gene by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Using the training dataset of 371 people, we constructed a nomogram model based on ICAM-1 gene variants and clinical variables. To optimize the feature choice for the ICM risk model, a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was adopted. We also employed multivariable logistic regression analysis to build a prediction model by integrating the clinical characteristics chosen in the LASSO regression model. Following the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), a calibration plot and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the predictive model.ResultThe predictors involved in the prediction nomogram included age, smoking, diabetes, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, hemoglobin, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, ejection fraction, and the rs5491 SNP. The nomogram model exhibited good discrimination ability, with the AUC value of ROC of 0.978 (95%CI: 0.967–0.989, P < 0.001) in the training group and 0.983 (95% CI: 0.969–0.998, P < 0.001) in the validation group. The Hosmer–Lemeshow test demonstrated good model calibration with consistency (Ptraining group = 0.937; Pvalidation group = 0.910). The DCA showed that the ICM nomogram was clinically beneficial, with the threshold probabilities ranging from 0.0 to 1.0.ConclusionThe AT genotype in rs5491 of the ICAM-1 gene was associated with having a higher frequency of ICM. Individuals carrying the mutant AT genotype showed a 5.816-fold higher frequency of ICM compared with those with the AA genotype. ICM patients with the AT genotype also had a higher rate of cardiogenic death. We, therefore, developed a nomogram model that could offer an individualized prediction of ICM risk factors.
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Sung, Michelle, Hannah Bernstein, Khanhphi Tranvu, Edward Chau, Shamili Allam, Carter English, Dali Fan, Bilal Munir, and Uma N. Srivatsa. "Abstract 15327: Clinical Outcomes of Methamphetamine-Associated Cardiomyopathy Compared to Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: A Single Institution Retrospective Longitudinal Study." Circulation 148, Suppl_1 (November 7, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.148.suppl_1.15327.
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Background: Methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy (MAC) leads to significant morbidity and mortality. The benefit of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in this population is poorly characterized. Aims: To evaluate ICD use and outcomes in patients with MAC compared to ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Methods: Electronic health record (EHR) was queried for all heart failure hospitalizations using ICD-9 codes between 2011 and 2019. Patients with an EF ≤ 35% were included. The MAC cohort was derived from this population and defined by ICD-9 code or positive urine toxicology and compared to ICM cohort. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were extracted from the EHR. MACE was defined as death, ventricular tachycardia, cardiac arrest, rehospitalization, atrial fibrillation (AF) or stroke. Results: The study included 294 patients in the MAC group and 373 patients in the ICM group. MAC patients were younger (56 vs 61 years, p<0.001) compared to ICM (table 1). Readmission rates for heart failure at one year were similar (13% vs 11.2%, p=ns). Significantly fewer patients with MAC had ICD for primary prevention (15.0% vs 27.9%, p<0.001). Mortality and AF were lower in MAC compared to ICM, however VT (2.38% vs 5.09%, p=0.072) and cardiac arrest (6.1% vs 7.8%, p=0.408) were similar between the two groups. MACE outcomes were worse in the ICM cohort (38.3% vs 21.1%, p=0.012) than MAC. In the MAC cohort, ICD presence was associated with 56.82% incidence of MACE compared to 40.00% without ICD (OR = 1.97, CI 1.032-3.77, p = 0.040) mainly due to higher AF hospitalization (22% vs 8%, p=0.01). Conclusion: ICM patients had higher mortality and atrial fibrillation compared to MAC. ICD implantation for primary prevention was not associated with reduced mortality, however this cohort had higher AF hospitalization. We need further studies to assess the benefit of ICD in MAC.
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Chen, Junjie, and Donghai Liu. "Using computer vision to monitor ice conditions in water supply infrastructure: a study of salient image features." Journal of Hydroinformatics, May 19, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2023.120.
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Abstract Ice condition monitoring (ICM) is critical for the operation and maintenance of water supply infrastructure in cold regions. Existing approaches either depends on ground-level sensors or satellite photography for ICM, which suffer from high maintenance cost or inadequate precision. Computer vision (CV) has the potential to tackle the limitations by providing a precise and scalable solution based on near-shore cameras and increasingly affordable drones. To explore the potential of CV for ICM, this paper presents a systematic study of salient image features for differentiating typical ice evolvement phases throughout the freeze–thaw cycle. First, ice condition during a freeze–thaw cycle is studied to provide a categoric system of typical ice stages. Second, multiple image feature descriptors are proposed to characterize the distinction between different ice conditions. Finally, with the proposed descriptors as input, two support vector machines (SVMs) are trained to classify the ice condition for automatic ICM. Experiments have been implemented to identify salient features for ice characterization. It was found that the SVMs can achieve 71.9 and 77.3% accuracy for the prediction of ice stage and ice flow strength, respectively. Future research is suggested to develop the research findings into practical solutions for webcams or drone-based automatic ICM.
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Freeman, J., J. Bjerre, C. Parzynski, K. Minges, T. Ahmad, N. Desai, A. Enriquez, et al. "Mortality and readmission in non-ischemic compared with ischemic cardiomyopathies after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation." European Heart Journal 41, Supplement_2 (November 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0788.
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Abstract Background/Introduction Uncertainty remains regarding the benefit of primary prevention ICDs overall in contemporary practice, and particularly in those with NICM compared with ICM. Purpose To evaluate the contemporary risk of death and readmission following following implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathies (NICM) compared with ischemic cardiomyopathies (ICM) in a large nationally representative cohort in the United States. Methods We used data from the American College of Cardiology (ACC) National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) ICD Registry linked with Medicare claims from April 1, 2010 to December 31, 2013 to establish a cohort of NICM and ICM patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35% who received a de novo, primary prevention ICD. We compared mortality, all-cause readmission, and heart failure readmission using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard regressions models. We also evaluated temporal trends in mortality. Results Among 31,044 NICM and 68,458 ICM patients with a median follow up of 2.4 years, one-year mortality was significantly higher in ICM patients (12.3%) compared with NICM (7.9%, p<0.001). The higher mortality in ICM patients remained significant after adjustment for covariates (hazard ratio (HR) 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36 to 1.45), and was consistent in subgroup analyses. These findings were consistent across the duration of the study. ICM patients were also significantly more likely to be readmitted for all causes (adjusted HR 1.15, CI 1.12 to 1.18) and for heart failure (adjusted HR 1.25, CI 1.21 to 1.31). Conclusions The risks of mortality and hospital readmission after primary prevention ICD implantation were significantly higher in patients with ICM compared with NICM, and these findings were consistent across all patient subgroups tested and over the duration of the study. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
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Vajta Gomez, Jackeline P., Mehmet Elbey, Carolina I. Borz-Baba, and Joseph Gnanaraj. "Abstract 13009: Time to Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator in Patients With Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ≤ 35%." Circulation 146, Suppl_1 (November 8, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.146.suppl_1.13009.
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Background: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are endorsed by the current American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines as the cornerstone in the primary prevention of mortality in patients with reduced ejection fraction (EF) (≤35%). The timing for ICD therapy in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) is not specified in the current guidelines. The objective of this study was to determine the timing for ICD insertion for patients with NICM versus ICM in the real-world population. Methods: Retrospective design study of patients with ICDs implantation from 2019 to 2022 at our community hospital. Data was obtained via the Device Implant Registry. All eligible participants had confirmed diagnosis of ICM and NICM on chart review; while confirmed EF≤35% on echocardiography. Categorical predictors and clinical outcomes were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Quantitative predictors and clinical outcomes were analyzed using Student's t-test or the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: Our cohort included 62 patients undergoing ICD placement for primary prevention. There was no statistical significance between patients based on age, sex, race, and EF. Average time to ICD placement was 134 days for patients with ICM and 274 days for patients with NICM, a difference that favoured NICM; p =0.009 ( p <0.05). In the majority of patients, 64.5%, ICD implantation was deferred for at least 90 days compared to 35.5% patients who had an ICD placed by 90 days; p =0.001 ( p <0.05). The mortality in our study was 13% over a median of 2 years, with a predominance of ICM as compared to NICM, 75% versus 25%, respectably. Logistics regression demonstrated that timing to ICD implantation was not an independent variable of mortality. The mean overall survival was 274.4 days (SD +/- 50) in NICM compared to 134.3 days (SD +/- 21) in the ICM group, p =0.007 ( p <0.05). Conclusions: In a real-world population, time to ICD implantation was statistically different in ICM compared to NICM. ICM remains a significant risk of all-cause mortality despite the progress made in both medical and procedural treatments. Further studies are necessary to determine the appropriate time to ICD implantation in patients with NICM and reduced EF.