Journal articles on the topic 'Ice'

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1

Kokkinakis E, N., A. Fragkiadakis G, H. Ioakeimidi S, B. Giankoulof I, and N. Kokkinaki A. "Microbiological quality of ice cream after HACCP implementation: a factory case study." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 26, No. 5 (October 31, 2008): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1126-cjfs.

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The microbiological quality of the final product and the safety of the production procedures were screened in an ice cream factory, after implementation of a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) system. We analysed 30 vanilla (IC1), 30 strawberry (IC2), and 30 chocolate flavoured (IC3) samples of ice cream; 30 of water; 90 of personnel’s hands flora; 150 of plastic ice cream containers flora; 50 of sanitised equipment-surfaces flora. After HACCP introduction, Staphylococcus aureus was not further detectable in ice cream and Escherichia coli was mostly less than 10 CFU/g, while the spoilage markers (total coliforms – TC, aerobic plate counts – APC) in ice cream and the environment were reduced by 20–35%. Mean log CFU/g, for IC1: TC from 2.20 reduced to 1.57, APC from 4.58 reduced to 3.62. For IC2: TC from 2.29 reduced to 1.65, APC from 4.61 reduced to 3.49. For IC3: TC from 2.67 reduced to 1.76, APC from 5.08 reduced to 3.81.
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2

Commissariat, Tushna. "Ice ice baby." Physics World 34, no. 8 (September 1, 2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/34/08/26.

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3

Geli, Norma. "Ice, Ice Baby." ASHA Leader 21, no. 6 (June 2016): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/leader.gl.21062016.8.

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4

Armstrong, Gavin. "Ice ice maybe." Nature Chemistry 2, no. 4 (April 2010): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.608.

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5

Toliver, Richard. "Ice Is Ice?" Journal of the IEST 31, no. 3 (May 1, 1988): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.1.31.3.y1421304rgg67121.

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MIL-STD-810D, Method 521.0, "Icing/Freezing Rain," contains guidance for testing equipment exposed to freezing rain. This method was developed around a narrow set of meteorological conditions resulting in the buildup of clear glaze ice. The icing procedures described in Method 521.0 can be applied to a wide range of equipment and will help to predict equipment operations during natural freezing rain. However, the procedures do not give any indication of the operation of equipment during exposure to rime ice. The physical properties of rime and glaze ice differ significantly, as do their effects on equipment. Until MIL-STD-810D is modified to include rime icing, program managers and environmental test engineers will find no guidance or procedures in MIL-STD-810D for half of the icing (rime vs. glaze) that equipment can be exposed to in nature.
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6

Fei, Xie, Lu Peng, Cheng Bin, Yang Qian, and Li Zhijun. "Magical spherical ice (ice balls, ice eggs)." Journal of Lake Sciences 34, no. 2 (2022): 695–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18307/2022.0228.

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7

Bradley, David. "No ice, ice, baby." Materials Today 36 (June 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2020.04.022.

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8

Schulson, Erland M., and Andrew L. Fortt. "Friction of ice on ice." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 117, B12 (December 2012): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012jb009219.

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9

Guizzo, E. "Into deep ice [ice monitoring]." IEEE Spectrum 42, no. 12 (December 2005): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2005.1549779.

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10

Moore, John. "Ice blisters and ice dolines." Journal of Glaciology 39, no. 133 (1993): 714–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002214300001666x.

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11

Moore, John. "Ice blisters and ice dolines." Journal of Glaciology 39, no. 133 (1993): 714–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s002214300001666x.

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12

Kato, Manabu, Yu-Ichi Iijima, Masahiko Arakawa, Yasuyuki Okimura, Akio Fujimura, Norikazu Maeno, and Hitoshi Mizutani. "Ice-on-Ice Impact Experiments." Icarus 113, no. 2 (February 1995): 423–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/icar.1995.1032.

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13

Yano, J. I., and V. T. J. Phillips. "Ice–Ice Collisions: An Ice Multiplication Process in Atmospheric Clouds." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 2 (February 1, 2011): 322–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jas3607.1.

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Abstract Ice in atmospheric clouds undergoes complex physical processes, interacting especially with radiation, which leads to serious impacts on global climate. After their primary production, atmospheric ice crystals multiply extensively by secondary processes. Here, it is shown that a mostly overlooked process of mechanical breakup of ice particles by ice–ice collisions contributes to such observed multiplication. A regime for explosive multiplication is identified in its phase space of ice multiplication efficiency and number concentration of ice particles. Many natural mixed-phase clouds, if they have copious millimeter-sized graupel, fall into this explosive regime. The usual Hallett–Mossop (H–M) process of ice multiplication is shown to dominate the overall ice multiplication when active, as it starts sooner, compared to the breakup ice multiplication process. However, for deep clouds with a cold base temperature where the usual H–M process is inactive, the ice breakup mechanism should play a critical role. Supercooled rain, which may freeze to form graupel directly in only a few minutes, is shown to hasten such ice multiplication by mechanical breakup, with an ice enhancement ratio exceeding 104 approximately 20 min after small graupel first appear. The ascent-dependent onset of subsaturation with respect to liquid water during explosive ice multiplication is predicted to determine the eventual ice concentrations.
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14

Byrne, Grant. "ICE." Cancer Nursing Practice 14, no. 8 (October 8, 2015): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/cnp.14.8.10.s12.

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15

LAST, BOB. "Ice." Critical Quarterly 36, no. 2 (June 1994): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8705.1994.tb01042.x.

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16

Exell, John. "Ice." British Journal of Psychiatry 202, no. 2 (February 2013): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.111.102129.

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17

González-Calle, David, Manuel Barreiro-Perez, Ignacio Cruz-González, and Pedro L. Sánchez. "ICE." JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions 12, no. 19 (October 2019): 1983–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2019.07.022.

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18

Sorokin, Vladimir, and Andrew Bromfield. "Ice." Index on Censorship 34, no. 4 (November 2005): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064220500429841.

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19

Williams, C. K. "Ice." Missouri Review 9, no. 1 (1985): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.1985.0131.

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20

Borzutzky, Daniel. "Ice." NACLA Report on the Americas 56, no. 2 (April 2, 2024): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10714839.2024.2356321.

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21

HIGASHI, Akira. "Ice in Tokyo and Antarctic ice." Journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice 58, no. 2 (1996): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5331/seppyo.58.169.

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22

YASUTOME, Akira, Masahiko ARAKAWA, and Norikazu MAENO. "Measurements of ice-ice friction coefficients." Journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice 61, no. 6 (1999): 437–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5331/seppyo.61.437.

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23

Bai, J., J. Wang, and X. C. Zeng. "Multiwalled ice helixes and ice nanotubes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103, no. 52 (December 14, 2006): 19664–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0608401104.

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24

Bridges, Robert, Kaj Riska, Mark Hopkins, and Ying Wei. "Ice interaction processes during ice encroachment." Marine Structures 67 (September 2019): 102629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2019.05.007.

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25

Hendrikse, Hayo, and Andrei Metrikine. "Ice-induced vibrations and ice buckling." Cold Regions Science and Technology 131 (November 2016): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2016.09.009.

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26

Boyer, Truman Parks, and Mohsen Chitsaz. "ICE™ and ICE/T™." ACM SIGCSE Bulletin 36, no. 4 (December 2004): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1041624.1041657.

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27

MAKITA, Shunsuke, Kunio ENOKI, Norihiro USAMI, Humihiro HARA, and Hirosi SAEKI. "MODE OF ICE LOAD ACTING ON ICE BOOM FOR ICE CONTROL." PROCEEDINGS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IN THE OCEAN 15 (1999): 623–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/prooe.15.623.

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28

KIOKA, Shinji, and Takahiro TAKEUCHI. "ICE LOAD ON ICE BOOM CONSIDERING ROUGHNESS OF SEA ICE BOTTOM." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B3 (Ocean Engineering) 67, no. 2 (2011): I_1021—I_1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejoe.67.i_1021.

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29

Lou, Wenjuan, Siran Chen, Zuopeng Wen, Liqi Wang, and Dengguo Wu. "Effects of Ice Surface and Ice Shape on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Crescent-Shaped Iced Conductors." Journal of Aerospace Engineering 34, no. 3 (May 2021): 04021008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)as.1943-5525.0001246.

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30

Mathews, William H. "Ice Sheets and Ice Streams: Thoughts on the Cordilleran Ice Sheet Symposium." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 45, no. 3 (December 13, 2007): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032873ar.

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ABSTRACT This paper comments on preconceptions about what is meant by the terms "Cordilleran Ice Sheet" and "ice stream". Contemporary Antarctic ice streams are described. The Laurentian Channel and throughs crossing the continental ice shelf between Vancouver and Queens Charlotte Islands are suggested as candidates for the tracks of past ice streams.
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31

YOSHIKAWA, Yasuhiro, Yasuharu WATANABE, Hiroshi HAYAKAWA, and Yasuyuki HIRAI. "A STUDY OF ICE BREAK AND ICE FLOW DURING RIVER ICE BREAKUP." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 67, no. 4 (2011): I_1075—I_1080. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejhe.67.i_1075.

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32

Phillips, Vaughan T. J., Jun-Ichi Yano, Marco Formenton, Eyal Ilotoviz, Vijay Kanawade, Innocent Kudzotsa, Jiming Sun, et al. "Ice Multiplication by Breakup in Ice–Ice Collisions. Part II: Numerical Simulations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 9 (August 22, 2017): 2789–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0223.1.

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Abstract In Part I of this two-part paper, a formulation was developed to treat fragmentation in ice–ice collisions. In the present Part II, the formulation is implemented in two microphysically advanced cloud models simulating a convective line observed over the U.S. high plains. One model is 2D with a spectral bin microphysics scheme. The other has a hybrid bin–two-moment bulk microphysics scheme in 3D. The case consists of cumulonimbus cells with cold cloud bases (near 0°C) in a dry troposphere. Only with breakup included in the simulation are aircraft observations of particles with maximum dimensions >0.2 mm in the storm adequately predicted by both models. In fact, breakup in ice–ice collisions is by far the most prolific process of ice initiation in the simulated clouds (95%–98% of all nonhomogeneous ice), apart from homogeneous freezing of droplets. Inclusion of breakup in the cloud-resolving model (CRM) simulations increased, by between about one and two orders of magnitude, the average concentration of ice between about 0° and −30°C. Most of the breakup is due to collisions of snow with graupel/hail. It is broadly consistent with the theoretical result in Part I about an explosive tendency for ice multiplication. Breakup in collisions of snow (crystals >~1 mm and aggregates) with denser graupel/hail was the main pathway for collisional breakup and initiated about 60%–90% of all ice particles not from homogeneous freezing, in the simulations by both models. Breakup is predicted to reduce accumulated surface precipitation in the simulated storm by about 20%–40%.
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33

Phillips, Vaughan T. J., Jun-Ichi Yano, and Alexander Khain. "Ice Multiplication by Breakup in Ice–Ice Collisions. Part I: Theoretical Formulation." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 6 (May 10, 2017): 1705–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0224.1.

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Abstract For decades, enhancement of ice concentrations above those of active ice nucleus aerosols was observed in deep clouds with tops too warm for homogeneous freezing, indicating fragmentation of ice (multiplication). Several possible mechanisms of fragmentation have been suggested from laboratory studies, and one of these involves fragmentation in ice–ice collisions. In this two-part paper, the role of breakup in ice–ice collisions in a convective storm consisting of many cloud types is assessed with a modeling approach. The colliding ice particles can belong to any microphysical species, such as crystals, snow, graupel, hail, or freezing drops. In the present study (Part I), a full physical formulation of initiation of cloud ice by mechanical breakup in collisions involving snow, graupel, and/or hail is developed based on an energy conservation principle. Theoretically uncertain parameters are estimated by simulating laboratory and field experiments already published in the literature. Here, collision kinetic energy (CKE) is the fundamental governing variable of fragmentation in any collision, because it measures the energy available for breakage by work done to create the new surface of fragments. The developed formulation is general in the sense that it includes all the types of fragmentation observed in previous published studies and encompasses collisions of either snow or crystals with graupel/hail, collisions among only graupel/hail, and collisions among only snow/crystals. It explains the observed dependencies on CKE, size, temperature, and degree of prior riming.
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34

Mages, Stephan, Ole Hensel, Antonia Maria Zierz, Torsten Kraya, and Stephan Zierz. "Experimental provocation of ‘ice-cream headache’ by ice cubes and ice water." Cephalalgia 37, no. 5 (May 19, 2016): 464–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102416650704.

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Background There are various studies on experimentally provoked ‘ice-cream headache’ or ‘headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus’ (HICS) using different provocation protocols. The aim of this study was to compare two provocation protocols. Methods Ice cubes pressed to the palate and fast ingestion of ice water were used to provoke HICS and clinical features were compared. Results The ice-water stimulus provoked HICS significantly more often than the ice-cube stimulus (9/77 vs. 39/77). Ice-water-provoked HICS had a significantly shorter latency (median 15 s, range 4–97 s vs. median 68 s, range 27–96 s). There was no difference in pain localisation. Character after ice-cube stimulation was predominantly described as pressing and after ice-water stimulation as stabbing. A second HICS followed in 10/39 (26%) of the headaches provoked by ice water. Lacrimation occurred significantly more often in volunteers with than in those without HICS. Discussion HICS provoked by ice water was more frequent, had a shorter latency, different pain character and higher pain intensity than HICS provoked by ice cubes. The finding of two subsequent HICS attacks in the same volunteers supports the notion that two types of HICS exist. Lacrimation during HICS indicates involvement of the trigeminal-autonomic reflex.
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35

MacAyeal, Douglas R., and Victor Barcilon. "Ice-shelf Response to Ice-stream Discharge Fluctuations: I. Unconfined Ice Tongues." Journal of Glaciology 34, no. 116 (1988): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002214300000914x.

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AbstractIce-stream discharge fluctuations constitute an independent means of forcing unsteady ice-shelf behavior, and their effect must be distinguished from those of oceanic and atmospheric climate to understand ice-shelf change. In addition, ice-stream-generated thickness anomalies may constitute a primary trigger of ice-rise formation in the absence of major sea-level fluctuations. Such triggering may maintain the current ice-rise population that, in turn, contributes to long-term ice-sheet stability. Here, we show that ice-stream-generated fluctuations of an ideal, two-dimensional ice shelf propagate along two characteristic trajectories. One trajectory permits instantaneous transmission of grounding-line velocity changes to all points down-stream. The other trajectory represents slow transmission of grounding-line thickness changes along Lagrangian particle paths.
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36

Pinsky, M. B., and A. P. Khain. "Some effects of cloud turbulence on water–ice and ice–ice collisions." Atmospheric Research 47-48 (June 1998): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-8095(98)00041-6.

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37

Sayag, Roiy, Eli Tziperman, and Michael Ghil. "Rapid switch-like sea ice growth and land ice-sea ice hysteresis." Paleoceanography 19, no. 1 (March 2004): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003pa000946.

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38

MacAyeal, Douglas R., and Victor Barcilon. "Ice-shelf Response to Ice-stream Discharge Fluctuations: I. Unconfined Ice Tongues." Journal of Glaciology 34, no. 116 (1988): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s002214300000914x.

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AbstractIce-stream discharge fluctuations constitute an independent means of forcing unsteady ice-shelf behavior, and their effect must be distinguished from those of oceanic and atmospheric climate to understand ice-shelf change. In addition, ice-stream-generated thickness anomalies may constitute a primary trigger of ice-rise formation in the absence of major sea-level fluctuations. Such triggering may maintain the current ice-rise population that, in turn, contributes to long-term ice-sheet stability. Here, we show that ice-stream-generated fluctuations of an ideal, two-dimensional ice shelf propagate along two characteristic trajectories. One trajectory permits instantaneous transmission of grounding-line velocity changes to all points down-stream. The other trajectory represents slow transmission of grounding-line thickness changes along Lagrangian particle paths.
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39

McDougall, Trevor J., Paul M. Barker, Rainer Feistel, and Ben K. Galton-Fenzi. "Melting of Ice and Sea Ice into Seawater and Frazil Ice Formation." Journal of Physical Oceanography 44, no. 7 (July 1, 2014): 1751–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-13-0253.1.

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Abstract The thermodynamic consequences of the melting of ice and sea ice into seawater are considered. The International Thermodynamic Equation Of Seawater—2010 (TEOS-10) is used to derive the changes in the Conservative Temperature and Absolute Salinity of seawater that occurs as a consequence of the melting of ice and sea ice into seawater. Also, a study of the thermodynamic relationships involved in the formation of frazil ice enables the calculation of the magnitudes of the Conservative Temperature and Absolute Salinity changes with pressure when frazil ice is present in a seawater parcel, assuming that the frazil ice crystals are sufficiently small that their relative vertical velocity can be ignored. The main results of this paper are the equations that describe the changes to these quantities when ice and seawater interact, and these equations can be evaluated using computer software that the authors have developed and is publicly available in the Gibbs SeaWater (GSW) Oceanographic Toolbox of TEOS-10.
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40

Nortala-Hoikkanen, Anita, Kaj Riska, Olli Salmela, and G�ran Wilkman. "Methods to map ice conditions, measure ice properties and quantify ice features." Hydrotechnical Construction 28, no. 3 (March 1994): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01545936.

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41

Eccles, R., L. Du-Plessis, Y. Dommels, and J. E. Wilkinson. "Cold pleasure. Why we like ice drinks, ice-lollies and ice cream." Appetite 71 (December 2013): 357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2013.09.011.

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42

SHIMADA, Rigen, Nozomu TAKEUCHI, and Teruo AOKI. "Remote Sensing of bare ice and dark ice on Greenland ice sheet." Journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice 78, no. 6 (2016): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.5331/seppyo.78.6_391.

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43

Schwenk, Thomas. "Ice Massage Cools Faster Than Ice Bag." Physician and Sportsmedicine 26, no. 8 (August 1998): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3810/psm.1998.08.1581.

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44

Röthlisberger, Regine, and Nerilie Abram. "Sea-ice proxies in Antarctic ice cores." PAGES news 17, no. 1 (January 2009): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22498/pages.17.1.24.

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45

TAKEUCHI, Takahiro, Mikio SASAKI, Satoshi AKAGAWA, Muneo KAWAMURA, Masafumi SAKAI, Hisao MATSUSHITA, Takashi TERASHIMA, Naoki NAKAZAWA, Nobuharu KIOKA, and Hiroshi SAEKI. "ICE LOAD OF MULTI ICE FAILURE ZONES." PROCEEDINGS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IN THE OCEAN 15 (1999): 605–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/prooe.15.605.

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46

Haugen, Joakim, and Lars Imsland. "Autonomous Aerial Ice Observation for Ice Defense." Modeling, Identification and Control: A Norwegian Research Bulletin 35, no. 4 (2014): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4173/mic.2014.4.5.

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47

Aleksandrov, A., V. Platonov, and V. Shaposhnikov. "Ice going ships: speed vs ice load." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 2, no. 388 (May 22, 2019): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2019-2-388-69-76.

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48

Bindschadler, Robert, Ted A. Scambos, Helmut Rott, Pedro Skvarca, and Patricia Vornberger. "Ice dolines on Larsen Ice Shelf, Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 34 (2002): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756402781817996.

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AbstractIce dolines on the Larsen Ice Shelf, Antarctica, are observed to be elongated depressions a few hundred meters across and up to 19 m deep. One-meter resolution imagery is used to quantify these dimensions. Elevation profiles across five dolines are derived by photoclinometry. Landsat and radar imagery is also used to show that dolines can form in a single melt season and persist for years. Dolines occur in clusters and in direct proximity to surface meltwater lakes. Field observations suggest dolines form by collapse into a subsurface cavity. A direct hydraulic connection with the underlying ocean is believed necessary to drain water that would otherwise collect in dolines. A formation hypothesis is discussed consistent with these observations and with energy-and hydrostatic-imbalance considerations.
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49

Aldus, R. J., T. Fennell, P. P. Deen, E. Ressouche, G. C. Lau, R. J. Cava, and S. T. Bramwell. "Ice rule correlations in stuffed spin ice." New Journal of Physics 15, no. 1 (January 14, 2013): 013022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/15/1/013022.

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50

Åmark, Max. "Ice movements, ice recession and till formation." Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar 109, no. 4 (December 15, 1987): 275–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11035898709453090.

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