Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ice jet

Academic literature on the topic 'Ice jet'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ice jet"

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Jerman, Marko, Andrej Lebar, Izidor Sabotin, Pavel Dresar, and Josko Valentincic. "ICE JET TECHNOLOGY." MM Science Journal 2018, no. 02 (June 6, 2018): 2379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2018_06_201772.

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Liu, Li Hong, and Ben Li Liu. "Research of Ice Jet Cleaning Surface." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.777.

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A plan of preparing ice particles continuously has been put forward, and the analyses and calculations are done in terms of theory. An injection ice jet system has been established. Through ice jet removing paint experiments by the use of the ice jet system established, the examination of the ice parameters which influence the surface cleaning performances such as ice diameter , ice temperature and ice flow rate is conducted. When the pressure, standoff and traverse speed are fixed, orthogonal cleaning paint experiment is conducted and three parameters of ice particles are investigated. The results of variance analysis and direct analysis of experimental data show that flow and temperature are more important factors affecting the surface cleaning performance of ice jet and the effect of diameter is rather little.
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KURIYAGAWA, Tsunemoto, Kazuhiro KAWASE, and Katsuo SYOJI. "Studies of Micro Ice Jet Machining." Proceedings of The Manufacturing & Machine Tool Conference 2000.2 (2000): 99–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemmt.2000.2.99.

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KURIYAGAWA, Tsunemoto, Takeshi NISHIMURA, and Katsuo SYOJI. "Studies of Slurry-Ice Jet Polishing." Proceedings of The Manufacturing & Machine Tool Conference 2002.4 (2002): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemmt.2002.4.85.

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Lam, Joseph K. W., Janice I. Hetherington, and Mark D. Carpenter. "Ice growth in aviation jet fuel." Fuel 113 (November 2013): 402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.05.048.

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Valentinčič, J., A. Lebar, I. Sabotin, P. Drešar, and M. Jerman. "Development of ice abrasive waterjet cutting technology." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 2, no. 81 (April 1, 2017): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2041.

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Purpose: Abrasive water jet (AWJ) cutting uses mineral abrasive to cut practically all materials. In ice abrasive water jet (IAWJ) cutting, the ice particles are used as abrasive. IAWJ is under development with the aim to bridge the gap in productivity between the abrasive water jet (AWJ) and water jet (WJ) cutting. It is clean and environmentally friendlier in comparison with AWJ, while its cutting efficiency could be better than WJ. Design/methodology/approach: The main challenge is to provide very cold and thus hard ice particles in the cutting zone, thus cooling the water under high pressure is utilized. Further on, two approaches to obtain ice particles in the water are studied, namely generation of ice particles in the cutting head and generation of ice particles outside of the cutting head and adding them to the jet similar as in AWJ technology. In this process it is essential to monitor and control the temperature occurring in the system. Findings: To have ice particles with suitable mechanical properties in the cutting process, the water have to be precooled, ice particles generated outside the cutting head and later added to the jet. The results show that, contrary to the common believe, the water temperature is not significantly changed when passing through the water nozzle. Research limitations/implications: The presence of ice particles was only indirectly identified. In the future, a special high speed camera will be used to study the influence of process parameters on ice particle distribution. Practical implications: IAWJ technology produces much less sludge (waste abrasive and removed workpiece material mixed with water) than AWJ technology which is beneficial in e.g. disintegration of nuclear power plants. IAWJ technology has also great potential in the food and medical industries for applications, where bacteria growth is not desired. Originality/value: The paper presents the latest achievements of IAWJ technology.
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Sung, Un Cheol, Cheol Nam Yoon, and Sun-Geon Kim. "Surface cleaning by ice-particle jet(II)." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 14, no. 1 (January 1997): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02706036.

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Claro, Tânia, Orla J. Cahill, Niall O’Connor, Stephen Daniels, and Hilary Humphreys. "Cold-Air Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Against Clostridium difficile Spores: A Potential Alternative for the Decontamination of Hospital Inanimate Surfaces." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 36, no. 6 (March 17, 2015): 742–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2015.39.

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AbstractClostridium difficile spores survive for months on environmental surfaces and are highly resistant to decontamination. We evaluated the effect of cold-air plasma against C. difficile spores. The single-jet had no effect while the multi-jet achieved 2–3 log10 reductions in spore counts and may augment traditional decontamination.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;00(0):1–3
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Heorton, Harold D. B. S., Daniel L. Feltham, and Julian C. R. Hunt. "The Response of the Sea Ice Edge to Atmospheric and Oceanic Jet Formation." Journal of Physical Oceanography 44, no. 9 (September 1, 2014): 2292–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-13-0184.1.

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Abstract The sea ice edge presents a region of many feedback processes between the atmosphere, ocean, and sea ice (Maslowski et al.). Here the authors focus on the impact of on-ice atmospheric and oceanic flows at the sea ice edge. Mesoscale jet formation due to the Coriolis effect is well understood over sharp changes in surface roughness such as coastlines (Hunt et al.). This sharp change in surface roughness is experienced by the atmosphere and ocean encountering a compacted sea ice edge. This paper presents a study of a dynamic sea ice edge responding to prescribed atmospheric and oceanic jet formation. An idealized analytical model of sea ice drift is developed and compared to a sea ice climate model [the Los Alamos Sea Ice Model (CICE)] run on an idealized domain. The response of the CICE model to jet formation is tested at various resolutions. It is found that the formation of atmospheric jets at the sea ice edge increases the wind speed parallel to the sea ice edge and results in the formation of a sea ice drift jet in agreement with an observed sea ice drift jet (Johannessen et al.). The increase in ice drift speed is dependent upon the angle between the ice edge and wind and results in up to a 40% increase in ice transport along the sea ice edge. The possibility of oceanic jet formation and the resultant effect upon the sea ice edge is less conclusive. Observations and climate model data of the polar oceans have been analyzed to show areas of likely atmospheric jet formation, with the Fram Strait being of particular interest.
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Sime, Louise C., Dominic Hodgson, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Claire Allen, Bianca Perren, Stephen Roberts, and Agatha M. de Boer. "Sea ice led to poleward-shifted winds at the Last Glacial Maximum: the influence of state dependency on CMIP5 and PMIP3 models." Climate of the Past 12, no. 12 (December 19, 2016): 2241–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-2241-2016.

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Abstract. Latitudinal shifts in the Southern Ocean westerly wind jet could drive changes in the glacial to interglacial ocean CO2 inventory. However, whilst CMIP5 model results feature consistent future-warming jet shifts, there is considerable disagreement in deglacial-warming jet shifts. We find here that the dependence of pre-industrial (PI) to Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) jet shifts on PI jet position, or state dependency, explains less of the shifts in jet simulated by the models for the LGM compared with future-warming scenarios. State dependence is also weaker for intensity changes, compared to latitudinal shifts in the jet. Winter sea ice was considerably more extensive during the LGM. Changes in surface heat fluxes, due to this sea ice change, probably had a large impact on the jet. Models that both simulate realistically large expansions in sea ice and feature PI jets which are south of 50° S show an increase in wind speed around 55° S and can show a poleward shift in the jet between the PI and the LGM. However, models with the PI jet positioned equatorwards of around 47° S do not show this response: the sea ice edge is too far from the jet for it to respond. In models with accurately positioned PI jets, a +1° difference in the latitude of the sea ice edge tends to be associated with a −0.85° shift in the 850 hPa jet. However, it seems that around 5° of expansion of LGM sea ice is necessary to hold the jet in its PI position. Since the Gersonde et al. (2005) data support an expansion of more than 5°, this result suggests that a slight poleward shift and intensification was the most likely jet change between the PI and the LGM. Without the effect of sea ice, models simulate poleward-shifted westerlies in warming climates and equatorward-shifted westerlies in colder climates. However, the feedback of sea ice counters and reverses the equatorward trend in cooler climates so that the LGM winds were more likely to have also been shifted slightly poleward.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ice jet"

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Shanmugam, Dinesh Kumar, and dshanmugam@swin edu au. "Development of ice particle production system for ice jet process." Swinburne University of Technology. Industrial Research Institute Swinburne, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20050805.145343.

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This thesis presents a comprehensive study of the ice particle production process through experimentation and numerical methods using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) that can be used to produce ice particles with controlled temperature and hardness for use in ice jet (IJ) process for industrial applications. The analytical and numerical modeling for the heat exchanger system are developed that could predict the heat, mass and momentum exchange between the cold gas and water droplets. Further, the feasibility study of the deployment of ice particles produced from the ice jet system for possible cleaning and blasting applications are analyzed numerically. Although the use of Abrasive Water Jet (AWJ) technology in cutting, cleaning, machining and surface processing is a very successful industrial process, a considerable amount of secondary particle waste and contamination impingement by abrasive materials has been an important issue in AWJ process. Some alternate cryogenic jet methods involving vanishing abrasive materials, such as plain liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide have been tried for these applications, but they also suffer from certain drawbacks relating to the quality, safety, process control and materials handling. The use of ice jet process involving minute ice particles has received relatively little attention in industrial applications. Some researches have concentrated on the studies of effects of Ice Jet outlet parameters of the nozzle and focus tube for machining soft and brittle materials. Most of the work in this area is qualitative and researchers have paid a cursory attention to the ice particles temperature and the efficiency of production of these particles. An extensive investigation to gain insight knowledge into the formulation of ice formation process parameters is required in arriving at a deeper understanding of the entire ice jet process for production application. Experimental investigations were focussed on the measurement of ice particle temperature, phase transitions, ice particle diameter, coalescence and hardness test. The change in ice particle diameter from the inlet conditions to the exit point of the heat exchanger wasinvestigated using the experimental results. These observations were extended to numerical analysis of temperature variations of ice particles at different planes inside the custom built heat exchanger. The numerical predictions were carried out with the aid of visualization studies and temperature measurement results from experiments. The numerical models were further analysed to find out the behaviour of ice particles in the transportation stage, the mixing chamber of the nozzle and focus tube. This was done to find out whether the methodology used in this research is feasible and if it can be used in applications such as cleaning, blasting, drilling and perhaps cutting. The results of the empirical studies show that ice particles of desired temperature and hardness could be produced successfully with the current novel design of the heat exchanger. At the optimum parameters, ice particles could be produced below -60�C, with hardness of particles comparable to gypsum (Moh�s hardness of 1.5 to 3). The visualization studies of the process assisted in observation of the phases of ice at various points along the heat exchanger. The results of numerical analysis were found to agree well with the experiments and were supported by the statistical model assessments. Numerical analyses also show the survival of ice particles at the nozzle exit even with high-pressure, high-velocity water/air mixture.
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Heorton, H. D. B. "Jet formation at the sea ice edge." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1391815/.

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Mesoscale jet formation due to the Coriolis Effect is well understood over sharp changes in surface roughness such as coastlines. This sharp change in surface roughness is experienced by the atmosphere flowing over, and ocean flowing under, a compacted sea ice edge. Sea ice edge jets have been observed. This thesis presents a study of a dynamic sea ice edge responding to atmospheric and oceanic jet formation during various wind and ocean current conditions. An idealised analytical model of sea ice drift is created using a momentum balance and the viscous plastic rheology. This is compared to an ice edge in the Los Alamos sea ice climate model (CICE) run on an idealised domain. A scheme has been developed which analyses sea ice concentration and adds jets to the CICE model forcing data. The response of the model to jet formation is tested at various resolutions. The formation of atmospheric jets at the sea ice edge is shown to increase the wind speed parallel to the sea ice edge and results in the formation of a sea ice edge jet. The increase is dependent upon the angle between the ice and wind and results in an increase in ice transport along the sea ice edge of 40%. Observa- tions and climate model data of the polar oceans has been analysed to show areas of likely atmospheric jet formation with the Fram Strait being of particular interest. The possibility of oceanic jet formation and the resultant effect upon the sea ice edge is less conclusive. The coupling between the components of climate models is currently crude and does not allow for jet formation. Most climate model also misrepresent the ice drift through the Fram Strait leading to errors in the prediction of Arctic sea ice extent.
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Olanrewaju, Babajide O. "Non-thermal processes on ice and liquid micro-jet surfaces." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39475.

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Processes at the air-water/ice interface are known to play a very important role in the release of reactive halogen species with atmospheric aerosols serving as catalysts. The ability to make different types of ice with various morphologies, hence, different adsorption and surface properties in vacuum, provide a useful way to probe the catalytic effect of ice in atmospheric reactions. Also, the use of the liquid jet technique provides the rare opportunity to probe liquid samples at the interface; hitherto impossible to investigate with traditional surface science techniques. Studies of reactions on both ice and liquid surfaces at ambient conditions are usually complicated by the rapid desorption and adsorption processes due to the high evaporation rates at the surface. To gain a better understanding and improve modeling of several atmospheric relevant reactions, it is therefore important to develop laboratory techniques that provide an opportunity to investigate non-thermal reactions on both ice and liquid surfaces. Detailed investigation of the interactions of atmospheric relevant molecules (methyl iodide and hydrogen chloride) on water ice at low temperature in UHV conditions has been carried out. These interactions were studied using different techniques such as temperature programmed desorption (TPD), electron stimulated desorption (ESD) and resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI). Unlike probing reactions on ice surfaces, investigating air/liquid interfaces present several challenges. This is because traditional surface science techniques require an ultra high vacuum environment to prevent distortion of information due to interference from equilibrium vapor above the liquid surface during data acquisition. The liquid jet technique facilitates the direct study of continually renewed liquid surfaces in high vacuum, thereby preventing the constant changing of the properties and composition of the liquid surface due to the aging process (diffusion of impurities or liquid constituent). A linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer has been used to monitor ion ejection during laser irradiation of liquid jet containing aqueous solutions and pure water. Since these ions are ejected exclusively from the surface of the liquid and the cluster distributions observed are influenced by the local structure, these experiments provide a sensitive probe of the liquid vacuum interface of these solutions. Though the research is fundamental, the results obtained from these investigations indicate how the discontinuity of bulk properties on the surface of both ice and aqueous solutions affects interfacial reactions.
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Nilamdeen, Mohamed Shezad. "An uncoupled multiphase approach towards modeling ice crystals in jet engines." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:8881/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=92185.

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Captain, Janine Elizabeth. "Non-thermal Interactions on Low Temperature Ice and Aqueous Interfaces." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6995.

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Electron-impact ionization of low-temperature water ice leads to H+, H2+, and H+(H2O)n=1-8 desorption. The threshold energy for ESD of H2+ from CI and H3O+ from PASW and ASW is 22 ± 3 eV. There is also a H2+ yield increase at 40 ± 3 eV and a 70 ± 3 eV threshold for ESD of H+(H2O)n=2-8 from PASW and ASW. H2+ production and desorption involves direct molecular elimination and reactive scattering of an energetic proton. Both of these channels likely involve localized two-hole one-electron and/or two-hole final states containing 4a1, 3a1 and/or 2a1 character. The 70 eV cluster ion threshold implicates either an initial (2a1-2) state localized on a monomer or the presence of at least two neighboring water molecules each containing a single hole. The resulting correlated two-hole or two-hole, one-electron configurations are localized within a complex and result in an intermolecular Coulomb repulsion and cluster ion ejection. The changes in the yields with phase and temperature are associated with structural and physical changes in the adsorbed water and longer lifetimes of excited state configurations containing a1 character. The dependence of the ESD cation yields on the local potential has been utilized to examine the details of HCl interactions on low temperature ice surfaces. The addition of HCl increases cluster ion yields from pure ice while decreasing H+ and H2+ yields. These changes reflect the changes in the local electronic potential due to the changing bond lengths at the surface of the ice as HCl ionizes and the surrounding water molecules reorient to solvate the ions. This work has been extended to ionic solutions at higher temperatures using a liquid jet and ultraviolet photoionization to interrogate the surface of aqueous ionic interfaces. Desorption of protonated water clusters and solvated sodium ion clusters were measured over a range of concentrations from NaCl, NaBr, and NaI solutions. The flux dependence indicated a multiple photon process and the proposed mechanism involves a Coulomb explosion resulting from the repulsion of nearby ions. The surface is investigated with regard to its importance in heterogeneous atmospheric chemistry.
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Caeiro, Jorge Alberto Jasnau. "A lithium bromide-water absorption refrigeration system combined with steam jet thermal ice storage." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405384.

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Worall, Mark. "An investigation of a jet-pump thermal (ice) storage system powered by low-grade heat." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11111/.

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This thesis investigates a novel combination of a jet-pump refrigeration cycle and a thermal (ice) storage (TIS) system that could substantially reduce the electrical energy requirements attributable to comfort cooling.Two methods of TIS were identified; spray ice TIS would use evaporative freezing to store ice on a vertical surface,and encapsulated ice TIS would freeze a bed of encapsulated elements by sublimation freezing.Thestudy also investigates jet-pump refrigeration at partload and a convergent-divergent design manufactured from a thermoset plastic to make recommendations for performance enhancement for a system that has a low COP. An experimental rig was built to investigate the novel concepts in the laboratory. Encapsulated ice TIS was superior to spray ice TIS because, for the same nominal secondary flow, sublimation freezing causes an increase in coolth storage rate of about 10 % compared to evaporative freezing. Encapsulated ice stores experience difficulties in fully discharging their coolth (approximately 6% in this case), but spray ice TIS can be used to produce an ice/brine slurry enabling all of the ice to be used, and so may be more suitable if the unmelted ice represents a large proportion of the cooling capacity. Approximately 85 % to 90 % of the ice formed on the vertical surface during spray ice TIS testing was formed by evaporative freezing from a falling film. At high saturation conditions, heat is transferred mainly by conduction across the falling film. Both the growth of an ice layer on a vertical surface and freezing of encapsulated elements were found to be successful, but a large data spread was observed during spray ice TIS testing. It was thought that a variation in the steady-state saturation conditions in the evaporator/ice store was caused by variability of droplet size distribution from the spray nozzle flow, which may make a full-scale system unreliable. The COP of the spray ice TIS system was approximately 0.15 compared to a COP of approximately 0.25 found during encapsulated ice TIS testing. The difference was because of the use of an over-expanded primary nozzle, which restricted secondary flow and increased momentum losses. A primary nozzle that expands close to the design evaporator saturation conditions should be used to maximise entrainment ratio. The COP of a jet-pump TIS is low, but a system designed to operate at off-peak periods could increase the COP to about 0.8 by taking advantage of the lower ambient conditions. The measurement of entrainment ratio was used successfully to determine ice storage rate and COP. This was valid because of the assumption that the saturation conditions in the evaporator/ice store approached steady-state. However, over longer periods that would be found in large-scale systems, the ice storage rate and entrainment ratio may fall substantially. The steady-state assumption could still be used to observe the change in evaporator conditions by sampling over short time intervals (30 minutes). At part-load, increases in evaporator saturation temperature could increase entrainment ratio substantially (50 % increase) for only a small reduction in critical pressure lift ratio Ns *(15 % reduction). A variation in chilled water temperature could be used to boost entrainment ratio at the peak demand. The variation in Ns* is too small to use this strategy to control the jet-pump with respect to condenser operating conditions. The entrainment ratio is approximately proportional to the diff-user to primary nozzle area ratio. A doubling of entrainment ratio was attained for only a 15% reduction in Ns*. The change in geometry from a constant area throat to a convergent-divergent design caused the flow through the jet-pump to vary with outlet conditions indicating that secondary flow was not choked. Higher entrainment ratios and pressure lift ratios were observed, but the entrainment ratio varied with outlet conditions in the form of peaks and troughs, making its operation unpredictable. This was thought to be caused by the restriction in secondary flow area due to the interaction of the primary jet and the curved wall. The convergent-divergent design manufactured from a thermoset plastic was successfully tested, showing that a plastic material can be used as a material of construction. In principle, a large number of jet-pump units could be manufactured from a single mould, reducing the first cost. The investigation proved the concept of jet-pump TIS. Waste-heat could be utilised over 24 hours and year round, increasing the efficiency of the process. The use of a convergent-divergent throat design, multiple geometry jet-pumps and operation at off-peak periods can maximise the performance over a cooling season, and be competitive with other TIS and chiller systems. The mass production of jet-pumps using injection moulding techniques could reduce substantially the capital cost of a system. All of these factors should encourage the development of such systems, so that the harmful emissions caused by the use of air conditioning systems can be minimised.
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Liu, Yi-Hung. "Analysis of Production Process of Fine Dry Ice Particles and Application for Surface Cleaning." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157619.

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Blaisot, Benjamin. "Etude de l'atomisation flash d'un jet d'eau : application à la problématique des poussières au cours d'une perte de vide par entrée d'eau dans ITER (ICE)." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0016.

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Dans le cadre de la construction du réacteur de fusion ITER, l’IRSN mène des travaux de recherche pour évaluer les conséquences de différents scénarios d'accidents pouvant conduire à l'endommagement de la chambre à vide du tokamak et induisant potentiellement un risque de dissémination de matières radioactives dans l’environnement. Le scénario considéré dans le cadre de cette étude est la perte de vide par entrée d’eau ou ICE (Ingress of Coolant Event) dont les conséquences sont susceptibles d’entrainer la formation d’hydrogène générant ainsi un risque d’explosion. Afin d'évaluer la quantité de poussières qui pourrait être mobilisée dans la chambre à vide du tokamak (dont dépend la quantité d’hydrogène produite) il est nécessaire d’identifier et de quantifier les mécanismes contribuant à la mise en suspension des particules à basse pression lors d’un scénario de perte de vide par entrée d’eau ou ICE. Lors d’un ICE, l’eau du circuit de refroidissement pénètre dans la chambre à vide à une température supérieure à son point d'ébullition en raison des conditions dites ITER like (basses pression et température) et subit une atomisation par effet thermodynamique dite flash. Le problème de l’atomisation flash dans le vide et de son impact sur la mise en suspension de poussières est particulièrement complexe. L’atomisation flash relève en effet du domaine des écoulements diphasiques en présence de phases métastables du point de vue de la thermodynamique et de changements de phase extrêmement rapides. De plus, l’atomisation en fines gouttelettes et la vaporisation intense qui ont lieu au niveau de la brèche peuvent donner lieu à des effets de compressibilité forts pouvant se traduire par l’apparition d’écoulements diphasiques supersoniques, de chocs et tout cela toujours à la limite des milieux raréfiés. Pour mener cette étude expérimentale, le développement d'un nouveau banc expérimental (FAAMUS, Flash Atomization and Aerosols Mobilization Under vacuum System) associé à une métrologie basée sur les techniques de PIV et d’ombroscopie haute cadence et adaptée à la caractérisation des écoulements diphasiques a fait l’objet de la première phase du travail de thèse. Des algorithmes de post-traitement ont également été développés pour extraire des données qualitatives et quantitatives sur la morphologie de l’écoulement diphasique et sur les vitesses des gouttes en sortie de brèche. Des expériences ont été réalisées afin d'étudier les phénomènes d'atomisation flash pour des conditions expérimentales représentatives de celles d’un ICE dans ITER ainsi que pour des conditions thermodynamiques élargies. Dans les conditions dites ITER like, nous avons pu mettre clairement en évidence et décrire la détente supersonique du jet diphasique en sortie de brèche. C’est un écoulement complexe pour lequel nous avons pu également quantifier sa sensibilité à la nature du régime d’écoulement diphasique développé dans le circuit en amont de la brèche. Les expérimentations effectuées ont permis d’obtenir l’évolution de la morphologie du spray ainsi que de la vitesse des gouttes produites sur une grande gamme de surchauffe. Ainsi, l’angle de spray atteint un angle de 150° tandis que la vitesse des gouttes dépasse les 60 m/s à forte surchauffe.L’évolution de ces caractéristiques n’est pas linéaire avec la surchauffe et dépend de nombreux paramètres géométriques et thermodynamiques. Des expériences préliminaires de mise en suspension aéraulique de particules à basse pression par flashage de jet liquide ont été réalisées et laissent entrevoir de nombreuses perspectives sur la problématique du comportement des poussières lors d’un scénario d’ICE dans ITER
As the ITER fusion reactor is being built, IRSN is conducting research to assess the consequences of various accident scenarios that could lead to damage to the vacuum chamber of the tokamak and potentially lead to a risk of radioactive materials being released into the environment. The scenario considered in this study is the loss of vacuum by water ingress or ICE (Ingress of Coolant Event), the consequences of which are likely to lead to the formation of hydrogen, thus generating a risk of explosion. In order to evaluate the quantity of dust that could be mobilized in the vacuum chamber of the tokamak (to which depends the quantity of hydrogen produced) it is necessary to identify and quantify the mechanisms contributing to the resuspension of particles at low pressure during a vacuum loss by ingress of coolant or ICE scenario. During an ICE, the water from the cooling circuit enters the vacuum chamber at a temperature above its boiling point due to the ITER like conditions (low pressure and high temperature) and undergoes atomization by thermodynamic effect known as flash boiling. The phenomenon of flash atomization in a vacuum and its impact on dust mobilisation is a particularly complex problem. Flash atomization falls under two-phase flow in the presence of thermodynamically metastable phases and extremely rapid phase changes. Moreover, the atomisation into fine droplets and the intense vaporization that takes place at the breach can give rise to strong compressibility effects that can result in the appearance of supersonic two-phase flows, shocks and this at the limit of rarefied environments. To conduct this experimental study, the development of a new experimental bench (FAAMUS, Flash Atomization and Aerosols Mobilization Under vacuum System) associated with metrology adapted to the characterization of two-phase flows based on high speed PIV and shadowgraphy techniques was the subject of the first part of the thesis work. Post-processing algorithms were also developed to extract qualitative and quantitative data on the morphology of the two-phase flow and on the velocities of the drops leaving the breach. Experiments have been carried out to study flash atomization phenomena for experimental conditions representative of those of an ICE in ITER as well as for extended thermodynamic conditions. Under ITER like conditions, we have been able to clearly demonstrate and describe the supersonic expansion of the two-phase jet as it exits the breach. This is a complex flow for which we were also able to quantify its sensitivity to the nature of the two-phase flow regime developed in the circuit upstream of the breach. The experiments carried out allowed us to obtain the evolution of the spray morphology as well as the velocity of the drops produced over a large range of overheat. Thus, the spray angle reaches an angle of 150° while the velocity of the drops exceeds 60 m/s at high overheat. The evolution of these characteristics is not linear with superheat and depends on many geometrical and thermodynamical parameters. Preliminary experiments on aeraulics resuspension of particles at low pressure by liquid-jet flashing have been carried out and provide many insights into the problem of dust behaviour under an ICE scenario inITER
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Beghin, Pauline. "Interactions entre les calottes polaires et la circulation atmosphérique pendant les âges glaciaires." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS003V/document.

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La dernière période glaciaire est marquée par la présence de deux grandes calottes boréales recouvrant l’actuel Canada et le nord de l’Eurasie. Ces calottes constituent un élément actif du système climatique en interagissant avec les différentes composantes du système Terre. L’objectif de cette thèse est de déterminer par quels mécanismes les changements de circulation atmosphérique lors du dernier cycle glaciaire induisent potentiellement une téléconnexion entre les paléo-calottes de l’hémisphère nord. L’utilisation d’un modèle couplé climat-calotte simplifié m’a permis de tester séparément l’influence de la topographie et de l’albédo des calottes sur les champs de température et de précipitation lors du dernier cycle glaciaire, et de mettre en évidence le rôle de la circulation atmosphérique dans la synergie entre les paléo-calottes de l’hémisphère nord. Pour étudier plus en détail les mécanismes de cette interaction, l’utilisation d’un modèle de circulation générale s’est avérée nécessaire. J’ai tout d’abord effectué une inter-comparaison des modèles ayant participé à l’exercice PMIP3 pour le dernier maximum glaciaire (DMG). Cette inter-comparaison a permis d’illustrer l’impact des conditions glaciaires sur le décalage du courant-jet en Atlantique Nord et d’établir un lien entre ce décalage et les précipitations au sud de l’Europe. Enfin, à l’aide d’expériences idéalisées menées avec le modèle atmosphérique LMDZ, j’ai pu étudier le rôle de chacune des calottes dans les changements de circulation atmosphérique observés auDMG. Cette étude montre en particulier l’influence notable de la calotte nord-américaine sur le bilan de masse de surface de la calotte eurasienne
The last glacial period is characterized by the presence of two large ice sheets covering Canada and North Eurasia. These ice sheets are a key element of the climatic system by interacting with all the components of the Earth system. The aim of this thesis is to determine by which mechanisms changes in atmospheric circulation may have induced a teleconnexionbetween the Northern hemisphere paleo-ice sheets. The use of a simplified coupled climate-ice sheet model allowed to test separately the influence of the ice-sheet topography and albedo on temperature and precipitation fields throughout the last glacial cycle and to highlight the role of atmospheric circulation within the synergy of past boreal ice sheets.To investigate in more details the underlying mechanisms, the use of a general circulation model was necessary.I therefore carried out an inter-comparisonof the PMIP3 models to examine the GCM responsesto glacial conditions. This work allowed to determinethe role of glacial conditions on the shift of the NorthAtlantic jet stream position and to establish a relationshipbetween this shift and the amount of precipitationover southern Europe. The last part of this thesisis devoted to the respective role of each ice sheeton atmospheric circulation changes observed underglacial conditions. To achieve this, I performed idealizedexperiments with the atmospheric circulationmodel LMDZ. The results highlight the key influenceof the North American ice sheet on the Eurasian icesheet surface mass balance
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Books on the topic "Ice jet"

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Jet propulsion: A simple guide to the aerodynamics [i.e. aerodynamic] and thermodynamic design and performance of jet engines. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

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Defuns, Gioni. Ben ed jeu =: Ben und ich. Chur: Desertina, 2006.

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Emir Imamović Pirke. Jel neko vidio djevojčice, kurve, ratne zločince. S.l: Radovan Matanic, 2006.

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Thin ice: Money, politics and the demise of an NHL franchise. Halifax, N.S: Fernwood, 1996.

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Miniewicz, Janusz. Tajemnica polskich koron: Czy jest szansa ich odnalezienia? Nowy Sacz: Wydawnictwo "Goldruk", 2006.

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Miniewicz, Janusz. Tajemnica polskich koron: Czy jest szansa ich odnalezienia? Nowy Sącz: Goldruk, 2006.

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ill, Bryant Laura J., ed. Five little penguins slipping on the ice. New York: Scholastic, Inc., 2009.

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(Illustrator), Laura Bryant, ed. Five Little Penguins Slipping on the Ice. New York, NY: Scholastic Inc., 2002.

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Entschuldige, Paulus, jetz rede ich: Frauenprotest gegen die Männerkirche. Olten: Walter-Verlag, 1990.

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Guide to IC05: JCT intermediate buidling contract (IC), JCT intermediate building contract with contractor's design (ICD). London: RIBA Pub., 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ice jet"

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Gupta, Kapil, Muralidhar Avvari, Able Mashamba, and Manjaiah Mallaiah. "Ice Jet Machining: A Sustainable Variant of Abrasive Water Jet Machining." In Sustainable Machining, 67–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51961-6_4.

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Iwago, Mikiko, Koji Fukudome, Hiroya Mamori, Naoya Fukushima, and Makoto Yamamoto. "Fundamental Investigation to Predict Ice Crystal Icing in Jet Engine." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 305–18. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1892-8_25.

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Filburn, Thomas. "Anti-ice and Deice Systems for Wings, Nacelles, and Instruments." In Commercial Aviation in the Jet Era and the Systems that Make it Possible, 99–109. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20111-1_8.

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Faubel, Manfred. "Liquid Micro Jet Studies of the Vacuum Surface of Water and of Chemical Solutions by Molecular Beams and by Soft X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy." In Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry, 597–630. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63963-1_26.

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AbstractLiquid water, with a vapor pressure of 6.1 mbar at freezing point, is rapidly evaporating in high vacuum, rapidly cooling off by the evaporative cooling, and is freezing to ice almost instantly. Nevertheless, liquid water free vacuum surfaces can be prepared for short instances when injecting very small, fast flowing, liquid jets into high vacuum. They provide perfectly suited targets for molecular beams analysis of molecular evaporation of monomers and dimers from liquids. Also, the microjet technology allows ultrahigh vacuum studies of atomic scale liquid surface composition and electronic structures, as will be demonstrated by using highly focused Synchrotron radiation for EUV/XUV-photoelectron spectrocopy on a wide range of chemical solutions.
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Friedli, Peter. "Ich bin mein Kompass." In Der beste Rat, den ich je bekam, 121–22. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446447660.045.

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Yang, Bailin, Lu Ye, Zhigeng Pan, and Guilin Xu. "An Optimized Soft 3D Mobile Graphics Library Based on JIT Backend Compiler." In Entertainment Computing - ICEC 2005, 67–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11558651_7.

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Stock, Reinhard. "Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions and the QCD Matter Phase Diagram." In Particle Physics Reference Library, 311–453. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38207-0_7.

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AbstractThis review will be concerned with our knowledge of extended matter under the governance of strong interaction, in short: QCD matter. Strictly speaking, the hadrons are representing the first layer of extended QCD architecture. In fact we encounter the characteristic phenomena of confinement as distances grow to the scale of 1 fm (i.e. hadron size): loss of the chiral symmetry property of the elementary QCD Lagrangian via non-perturbative generation of “massive” quark and gluon condensates, that replace the bare QCD vacuum. However, given such first experiences of transition from short range perturbative QCD phenomena (jet physics etc.), toward extended, non perturbative QCD hadron structure, we shall proceed here to systems with dimensions far exceeding the force range: matter in the interior of heavy nuclei, or in neutron stars, and primordial matter in the cosmological era from electro-weak decoupling (10−12 s) to hadron formation (0.5 ⋅ 10−5 s). This primordial matter, prior to hadronization, should be deconfined in its QCD sector, forming a plasma (i.e. color conducting) state of quarks and gluons: the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP).
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Butting, Hermann. "Ich bin der erste Diener meines Staates." In Der beste Rat, den ich je bekam, 61–63. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446447660.020.

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Siebert, Martin. "Der beste Rat, den ich je ignorierte." In Der beste Rat, den ich je bekam, 253–56. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446447660.104.

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Garrett, Steven L. "Radiation and Scattering." In Understanding Acoustics, 543–620. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44787-8_12.

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Abstract At this point, we have made a rather extensive investigation into the sounds that excite Helmholtz resonators as well as the departures from equilibrium that propagate as plane waves through uniform or inhomogeneous media. We have not, as yet, dealt with how those sounds are actually produced in fluids. Our experience tells us that sound can be generated by vibrating objects (e.g., loudspeaker cones, stringed musical instruments, drums, bells), by modulated or unstable flows (e.g., jet engine exhaust, whistles, fog horns, speech), by electrical discharges in the atmosphere (i.e., thunder), or by optical absorption (e.g., modulated laser beams). In this chapter, we will develop the perspective and tools that will be used for the calculation of the radiation efficiency of various sources and combinations of sources, like the sound reinforcement system shown in Fig. 12.1.
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Conference papers on the topic "Ice jet"

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Veillard, Xavier, Wagdi Habashi, Martin Aube, and Guido Baruzzi. "FENSAP-ICE: Ice Accretion in Multi-Stage Jet Engines." In 19th AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-4158.

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Redondo, Francisco José. "Innovative Jet Pump Ice Protection System for A400M." In SAE 2015 International Conference on Icing of Aircraft, Engines, and Structures. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-2136.

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Papadakis, Michael, Hsiung-Wei Yeong, and Ian Suares. "Simulation of Ice Shedding from a Business Jet Aircraft." In 45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2007-506.

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Chandrasekharan, Reuben, and Michael Hinson. "Trajectory Simulation of Ice Shed From a Business Jet." In World Aviation Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-3032.

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Yeong, Hsiung-Wei, Michael Papadakis, and Koji Shimoi. "Ice Trajectory and Monte Carlo Analyses for a Business Jet." In 1st AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-3973.

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McClain, Stephen T., Mario M. Vargas, Jen-Ching Tsao, and Andy P. Broeren. "Ice Roughness and Thickness Evolution on a Business Jet Airfoil." In 2018 Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-3014.

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Papadakis, Michael, Hsiung-Wei Yeong, and Koji Shimoi. "Parametric Investigation of Ice Shedding from a Business Jet Aircraft." In 2007 SAE Aircraft and Engine Icing International Conference. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-3359.

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SUZUKI, K., H. ISONAMI, T. UEMATSU, M. IWAI, and T. FUNAZAWA. "AN ATTEMPT OF DRY ICE JET COOLANT IN CBN GRINDING." In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Abrasive Technology (ABTEC '99). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812817822_0054.

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Mason, Jeanne G., and Matthew Grzych. "The Challenges Identifying Weather Associated With Jet Engine Ice Crystal Icing." In SAE 2011 International Conference on Aircraft and Engine Icing and Ground Deicing. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-38-0094.

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Kim, John J. "Heat Transfer Model of a Jet Pump Cowl Anti-Ice System." In World Aviation Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/965524.

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Reports on the topic "Ice jet"

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Geiss, Kevin T., Dan L. Polland, and John M. Frazier. Toxicity of Experimental Jet Fuel System Ice-Inhibiting Agents: I. In Vitro Dosimetry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada453145.

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Geiss, K. T., and J. M. Frazier. Toxicity of Experimental Jet Fuel System Ice-Inhibiting Agents: 2. Gene Expression Response Profiling. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada453166.

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Długosz, Piotr, Liudmyla Kryvachuk, and Olena Shyyan. Praktyki społeczne w czasie pandemii covid-19 wśród polskiej i ukraińskiej młodzieży. Academicon Press, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52097/acapress.9788362475582.

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Abstrakt: Raport prezentuje wyniki badań dotyczące polskich i ukraińskich uczniów przebywających w domach podczas lockdownu. Głównym celem badawczym była próba odpowiedzenia na pytanie o to, w jaki sposób sobie radzą uczniowie z zagrożeniem pandemią COVID-19, a także czy pojawiają się różnice między młodzieżą polską i ukraińską w zakresie stosunku do pandemii, dobrostanu psychologicznego, reakcji na zagrożenie, wykorzystywania internetu w kwarantannie, form spędzania czasu wolnego oraz oceny zdalnego nauczania i jego wpływu na szanse życiowe i edukacyjne. Badania w obu krajach zostały przeprowadzone za pomocą ankiety online. W Polsce zrealizowano badania na próbie 1768, a na Ukrainie na próbie 2291 respondentów. Wyniki badań pokazują, że młodzież jest zainteresowana problematyką pandemii, śledzi jej przebieg. Poziom obaw uczniów przed zarażeniem się koronawirusem jest niski. Młodzież cechuje się dobrostanem psychologicznym i preferuje aktywne strategie walki z zagrożeniem. Większość swojego czasu spędza w internecie. Wykorzystuje go głównie do zdalnej edukacji, komunikacji z rówieśnikami oraz rozrywki. W czasie offline uczniowie najczęściej słuchają muzyki, uprawiają aktywność fizyczną i spacerują po okolicy. Niewielka część respondentów angażuje się w pomoc seniorom. Negatywnie oceniają zdalne nauczanie i uważają, że kwarantanna nie wpłynie zbyt silnie na ich szanse życiowe.
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Łapińska, Justyna, Agata Sudolska, Joanna Górka, Iwona Escher, Grzegorz Kądzielawski, and Paweł Brzustewicz. Zaufanie pracowników do sztucznej inteligencji w przedsiębiorstwach przemysłowych funkcjonujących w Polsce. Raport z badania. Institute of Economic Research, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eep.rep.2020.1.

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Sztuczna inteligencja (SI) coraz częściej wpływa na życie jednostek oraz funkcjonowanie społeczeństw jako całości. W ostatnim czasie rośnie również znaczenie sztucznej inteligencji w biznesie, w którym posiada ona coraz szerszy zakres zastosowań. Definicje sztucznej inteligencji różnią się w zależności od kontekstu, w którym to pojęcie jest używane. W najprostszym ujęciu przez sztuczną inteligencję rozumie się systemy lub maszyny na nich oparte, które naśladują ludzką inteligencję podczas wykonywania określonych zadań i dodatkowo mogą się interaktywnie doskonalić (uczyć) na podstawie zbieranych informacji. Postrzegane korzyści i zagrożenia związane z wdrażaniem w przedsiębiorstwach rozwiązań z zakresu sztucznej inteligencji mogą różnić się w zależności od tego, kto dokonuje oceny zjawiska. To, co dla pracodawcy stanowi korzyść (np. obniżenie kosztów pracy), przez pracowników może być postrzegane jako realne zagrożenie związane z utratą pracy (zastąpienie pracownika przez rozwiązania oparte o sztuczną inteligencję). Ograniczenie wspomnianych obaw będzie możliwe tylko wówczas, gdy sztuczna inteligencja będzie rozwijana i wdrażana w firmach w sposób właściwy, pozwalający zdobyć zaufanie pracowników. Zaufanie ukierunkowane na technologię jawi się jako niezwykle ważna i interesująca poznawczo kategoria. Zaufanie do technologii przejawia się w gotowości człowieka do bycia pod wpływem technologii, wynikającej z użyteczności tej technologii, przewidywalności skutków jej działania a także wiarygodności jej dostawców. Pojęcie zaufania do technologii odnosi się zatem do wiary, iż druga strona relacji – w tym przypadku technologia – będzie działać w sposób przewidywalny i niezawodny, zapewniający pozytywne rezultaty. Nie bez znaczenia jest tu również indywidualna skłonność jednostki do korzystania z technologii, będąca efektem jej cech osobowościowych, związanych m.in. z wcześniejszymi doświadczeniami, otwarciem na nowe doświadczania, chęcią ciągłego poznawania i uczenia się. Identyfikacja oraz pomiar zaufania do sztucznej inteligencji, rozumianej jako najbardziej zaawansowanej formy rozwoju technologii, jest swoistym wyzwaniem z uwagi na latentną naturę rozważanej zmiennej. Biorąc pod uwagę, że zaufanie pracowników do sztucznej inteligencji w przedsiębiorstwie jest konstruktem złożonym, wielowymiarowym i nieidentyfikowalnym bezpośrednio w zrealizowanym badaniu podjęto próbę jego opisu poprzez inne konstrukty badawcze złożone z elementów (zmiennych) identyfikowalnych, które odnoszą się do obserwowalnych cech. Konstrukty badawcze niższego szczebla to: ogólne zaufanie technologiczne, zaufanie do zaawansowanej technologii w przedsiębiorstwie, zaufanie wewnątrzorganizacyjne, indywidualne zaufanie kompetencyjne. Celem przeprowadzonego badania była ocena poziomu zaufania do sztucznej inteligencji pracowników przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych funkcjonujących w Polsce. Poziom wspomnianego zaufania zbadano w oparciu o cztery, wymienione wyżej, konstrukty badawcze niższego szczebla. Z uwagi na stosunkowo niski stopień rozpoznania w teorii i praktyce problematyki zaufania pracowników do sztucznej inteligencji, przeprowadzone badanie miało charakter eksploracyjny. Zostało zrealizowane w okresie luty–kwiecień 2020 r. w 29 przedsiębiorstwach funkcjonujących na terenie Polski. Ich dobór miał charakter celowy i wynikał z możliwości uzyskania w nich zgody na realizację pomiaru. Dobór respondentów w każdym z przedsiębiorstw miał także charakter celowy. Pomiar z udziałem wybranych w ten sposób osób zrealizowano metodą ankiety bezpośredniej. Wzięło w nim udział łącznie 792 respondentów. Opisane jednostki poddano pomiarowi w miejscu pracy. Stosownie do zaproponowanej metody zbierania danych, instrumentem pomiarowym wykorzystanym w badaniu był kwestionariusz ankietowy. Uzyskane wyniki poddano analizie w każdym z czterech zaproponowanych obszarów (konstruktów badawczych niższego rzędu), dokonano także syntetycznej oceny konstruktu złożonego, jakim jest zaufanie pracowników do sztucznej inteligencji w przedsiębiorstwie. Ocena syntetyczna wyniosła S=6,63 (w skali od 0 do 10) . Wynik ten należy interpretować z ostrożnym optymizmem, świadczy bowiem o umiarkowanie wysokim ogólnym zaufaniu pracowników do zaawansowanej technologii, w tym sztucznej inteligencji. Odwołując się do ocen cząstkowych dotyczących poszczególnych obszarów warto podkreślić, że owo zaufanie jest wspierane głównie przez indywidualne zaufanie kompetencyjne oraz zaufanie wewnątrzorganizacyjne. Te dwa komponenty zaufania są ze sobą ściśle powiązane. Wyniki badania wskazują jednocześnie na niższy poziom ocen uzyskanych w dwóch pozostałych komponentach opisywanego konstruktu, jakimi są ogólne zaufanie technologiczne oraz zaufanie do zaawansowanej technologii w przedsiębiorstwie.
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