Academic literature on the topic 'ICAL'

This thesis presents the application of coplanar circuit analysis in the design of compact single-feed circularly polarised (CP) and linearly polarised (LP) microstrip patch antennas. A CP nearly square patch antenna and a CP truncated corners square patch antenna are designed. Also a LP U-slot rectangular patch antenna is designed. In order to obtain a faster computational run-time, coplanar circuit analysis and segmentation method are applied for the impedance calculations. The coupling and self impedance formulas for both rectangular and right-angled isosceles triangular segments are given. Explicit formulas for the coupling impedance between a perimeter port and a probe port, and also the probe self impedance on both of these segments are new and are derived in detail. A CP nearly square patch antenna is designed using both the cavity and equivalent circuit models. New and simple design equations are derived to determine the dimensions of the patch with a feed in any given position. For a microstrip feed offset from a corner of the patch, the area of perturbation segment is increased which reduces the effect of manufacturing errors. A simple matching network consisting of a short length of microstrip line is designed to achieve a more compact form of the matched antenna. The results obtained from both models are good agreement. A CP truncated corners square patch antenna with a microstrip feed offset from the centre is presented. In previous work the design is a feed along the centre line and the areas of the deleted segments are very small so the performance of the antenna is very sensitive to manufacturing errors. Hence an offset feed is proposed in order to increase the perturbation area and so reduce the effect of the manufacturing errors. The segmentation method is used for which a new explicit matrix input impedance formula is derived. The impedance formula requires a computer run time less than half that required by simulation (full-wave software, Ansoft Ensemble). The change in area of the perturbed segment and input impedance with the microstrip offset feed position is examined. A compromise offset feed position was chosen so as to maximise the area of the perturbation segment and achieve good impedance matching for a compact antenna structure. A LP probe feed U-slot rectangular patch is designed and the input impedance is determined. A set of initial design equation is used to produce a first-pass design. In applying segmentation method a new explicit input impedance formula for the antenna is derived. The basic system of eleven coplanar circuit equations is reduced to seven equivalent circuit equations from which the explicit impedance formula is derived. The dimensions of the patch are adjusted to give good impedance matching. In respect of computational efficiency, the run time of the new matrix input impedance formula is at least 10 times faster than is required by simulation. A thicker substrate is also used in order to improve the bandwidth. The predicted, simulated and measured results of the above three compact patch antennas are in good agreement. Mathcad programming is used to implement the design calculations of the compact patch antennas.

The purpose of the present thesis is twofold; the first part comprises a theoretical analysis of the concept muse-ical in an attempt to describe similarities and differences between the concepts muse-ical and aesthetic and furthermore, to identify the distinguishing features of a muse-ical approach and a muse-ical program. The second part of the thesis reports on an empirical study among student teachers who have chosen to study the program Muse-ical Learning. They have been interviewed about their experiences and impressions of this new program. More specifically they have been given questions pertaining to museical, aesthetic, artistic, scholarly learning, sensory experiences, talent and finally how they conceive of the role of muse-ical learning in school and in society at large and what notions they have of their future work as teachers in the field. The first part is an analysis based on selected previous writings and research regarding the concepts muse-ical and aesthetic/esthetical. The approach taken to this reading is mainly hermeneutical. The second part of the thesis aims at describing how a group of student teachers experience museical learning. Data have been gathered by in-depth, semi-structured interviews. The aim of the analysis has been to emphasise qualitative differences in the ways the informants experience the phenomena actualised in the interviews. The approach in the analysis is, mainly, phenomenographic. The group of informants comprise 20 student teachers, which is about half of all students in the pioneer cohort of the program. Every student was interviewed individually in sessions that had a typical duration of 40-45 minutes. The interviews were transcribed in extenso by the author. In a historical perspective the origins of muse-ical can be traced back to antique Greece and the nine muses that were given to mankind by the gods. The ancient Greeks realised that artistic and intellectual activities are mutually dependent on each other. A further function of the muses, to care for the collective, social memory, seems also to have been forgotten in our time. Muse-ical activities also have to be combined with rhythm and harmony to get their ultimate form. This fact reflects the Greek conviction that order is a significant aspect of beauty. (Cosmos). Greeks aimed for a balance between the vivacious and engaging of Dionysus and the more strict and ordered of Apollo. One confusing circumstance in Plato´s texts concerning the word muse-ical is the translation of mousiké to mean music which is the case in Swedish, Danish, Norwegian and English. It makes a great difference whether our children are to be fostered in mousiké i.e. the arts of the muses and gymnastics or only in music and gymnastics. My conclusion is that Plato was of the opinion that the young should be fostered in mousiké and gymnastics. The word muse-ical appears in educational contexts during the mid 1920ies in Germany, when the sociologist Hans Freyer introduced the term. Muse-ical education is, in consonance with the ideas from ancient Greece, an integration of poetry, music and rhythmic movements. My conclusion from the theoretical analyses is that the muse-ical domain should be understood as an approach to learning that is based on: • A holistic attitude aiming at a balance between “hand, heart and brain”. • Time for reflection. • Muse-ical activities that give opportunities for applying different forms of expression, e.g. activities that comprise movement, sound, colour, form and drama. • Play is an important component. • The learner is the main actor. • The muse-ical perspective is superordinate to disciplinary categories of knowledge. • The muse-ical perspective should not be translated into a rigorous method. Teachers in all subject matter areas may take a muse-ical approach. Mathematics, history and chemistry for instance are as close to the muse-ical as music or drama. I prefer to regard the aesthetic and muse-ical as two different concepts, although with some overlap in meaning. There are common parts, some aspects are borderline cases and there are also, of course, distinct differences. Already the ancient Greeks stated that literary learning and sensory experience were mutually dependent on each other. The Swedish National Curriculum for the compulsory school also emphasises the importance of balancing these two modes of learning against each other. The results of the empirical study corroborate the conclusions of the theoretical analysis. The students repeatedly emphasise the importance of experience and involvement for the sake of their own learning. They do also stress the importance of connecting theory to practical components. Concerning integration of different areas of muse-ical learning there are different standpoints among the authors that I have referred to. The students’ arguments in favour of finding a common framework for all aesthetic areas are basically that they contain common creative aspects and that they all involve bodily and emotional aspects of learning. The students emphasise, in particular, two positive aspects of the aesthetic areas and muse-ical learning. Firstly, they have a general, facilitating impact on learning regardless of context and content. Secondly, they may contribute significantly to the students’ self-confidence and thereby give them the courage to enter new areas and aim for higher goals than otherwise. A majority of muse-ical activities take place in social settings, which gives rich opportunities for the students to train their social skills. Even though it has been a demanding task to express the essence of muse-ical learning, theoretically as well as empirically, one may perhaps be comforted by realising that the magic of museical learning might disappear were it possible to define it in a distinct way.

L'observation d'alterations de la fonction myocardique associees au diabete nous a conduits a analyser les effets de cette pathologie, induite experimentalement, sur des transporteurs d'ions calcium (ca 2 +) et sodium (na +), deux ions majeurs qui influencent a la fois le decours de l'activite electrique cellulaire cardiaque, et, directement (pour ca 2 +) ou indirectement (pour na +), la fonction contractile des myocytes. Dans la premiere partie de ce travail, nous avons enregistre, dans des cardiomyocytes de rats, le courant genere par l'echangeur na +/ca 2 + (i n a - c a) et le courant calcique i c a l. Nous avons pour ce faire utilise une methode d'enregistrement qui ne modifie pas le pouvoir tampon calcique intracellulaire, a savoir la technique de patchclamp en configuration patch perfore, par la nystatine. Le principal resultat de cette partie de notre etude est que la densite du courant d'echange i n a - c a (active par i c a l ou par l'application de cafeine) et la densite du courant calcique i c a l, sont diminuees dans les cardiomyocytes de rats diabetiques. La diminution de i c a l pourrait contribuer a diminuer le calcium -induced calcium release et par consequent l'activation de l'echangeur na + -ca 2 +. La diminution de i n a - c a pourrait resulter d'une moindre charge calcique du reticulum sarcoplasmique, comme semble l'indiquer le ralentissement de l'inactivation de i c a l. Nos resultats contribuent ainsi a expliquer la diminution d'amplitude de la variation transitoire calcique precedemment decrite chez les diabetiques et ses consequences sur l'activite contractile du myocarde. Dans la seconde partie de notre travail, nous avons analyse une composante de courant sodique a inactivation lente, i n a l, susceptible

Abstrakt Syftet med vår undersökning var att studera ICAs reklamfilmer ur ett genusperspektiv. Vi har specificerat oss på om det manliga eller kvinnliga könet framkommer mer eller mindre i filmerna, om det har skett någon förändring kring genusperspektivet från år 2006 till 2016, samt om varorna som finns med i filmerna är mer eller mindre riktade till något av könen.   Frågeställning: <ul type="disc">Hur framställs kvinnor respektive män i Icas reklamfilmer? Har det skett någon förändring från år 2006 till 2016? Är varorna som visas i reklamfilmerna avsedda för kvinnor, män eller båda?   Vi har utgått från teorier som vi anser är relevanta för vår undersökning. Vi har delat in teorierna i tre olika områden: Genus Medier och identitet Reklam och media. För att genomföra undersökningen har vi gjort en kvantitativ innehållsanalys på 15 olika reklamfilmer. Vi har avgränsat oss till reklamfilmer som har visats på TV under tre olika högtider i Sverige: jul, midsommar och påsk. Vi har sedan gjort en kvalitativ innehållsanalys på fem filmer som vi anser lockar fram olika stereotyper.   Resultatet vi fann i vår undersökning var att männen dominerar i ICAs reklamfilmer, och med det menar vi att det bland annat är fler manliga karaktärer som är med och har en slags ledarroll. Vårt resultat skiljer sig något mot vad teorierna kring ämnet påstår, nämligen att kvinnor ofta dominerar reklambranschen.<br>Abstract The purpose of our survey was to study the gender perspective in ICA's commercials. We have specified whether the male or female gender appears more or less in the movies, if there has been any change in gender perspective from 2006 to 2016 and if the items featured in the movies are more or less directed to any of the sexes. We have limited ourselves to commercials that have been shown on television during three different festivals in Sweden: Christmas, Midsummer and Easter.   Question: <ul type="disc">How are women and men produced in Ica's commercials? Has there been any change from 2006 to 2016? Are the items shown in the commercials intended for women, men or both?   We have assumed theories that we consider relevant to our survey. We have divided the theories into three different areas: Gender Media and identity Advertising and the media. In order to conduct the survey, we have made a quantitative content analysis of 15 different commercials. We have limited ourselves to commercials that have been shown on television during three different festivals in Sweden: Christmas, Midsummer and Easter. We have then made a qualitative content analysis on five films that we consider attracting different stereotypes.   The result we found in our survey was that the men dominate ICA's commercials, and we mean that among other things there are more male characters that are in and have a sort of leadership role. Our results differ slightly from the theory of the subject, namely that women often dominate the advertising industry.

The purpose of my thesis is to study the lament in ancient Greek culture, and to show how its ritual meaning is interpreted by literature. The terms goos, oimoge, threnos and linos not only indicate the presence of different ritual attitudes to death but also the existence of different interpretations for each of them. The goos and the oimoge mirror an archaic religiosity and consist of sinister utterances aimed at summoning ghosts, requesting for divine revenge, etc. Aeschylus introduces them as aischrologic acts as he implies the presence of a god or a daimon. Sophocles and Euripides use them as dysphemic elements and censure an approach to death which implies that gods are vindictive, deceitful and unjust. However, they also introduce an euphemic goos consisting in an expression of feelings. The threnos only appears in funerary contexts in Homer while is often introduced as dysphemic in drama. The linos-song is mentioned as a vintage-song in Homer, it appears as a lament and then as a song for some hero’s apotheosis or return to life in drama. The poetic use of these terms serves to understand how the social and political meaning of the ritual was understood and codified by literature.

Folksägner, historier och sagor har länge gett olika djur mänskliga attribut och gestaltat djuren på ett människoliknande sätt. Vargen är inget undantag och återges allt som oftast på ett negativt sätt. Kan dessa erfarenheter av vargen från sagornas värld drabba hur elever tänker om vargen och dess roll i ett ekosystem och samspelet med andra organismer? Undersökningens syfte är att belysa elevers tankar attityder om vargen samt hur de placerar in dess roll i ett ekosystem med ett jämförande förhållningssätt mellan elever från stadsmiljö och landsbygdsmiljö. En reviderad klinisk intervjumetod i grupp har använts för att uppnå syftet med studien. Totalt har 18 elever deltagit, varav fem från landsbygden och 12 elever från stadsmiljö. Undersökningen visar att eleverna från stadsmiljö har en negativ attityd till vargen, vilket skiljer sig från eleverna från landsbygden som har en positiv alternativt neutral attityd till varg. Eleverna från de båda geografiskt skilda områdena beskriver vargens roll i ett ekosystem ur ett antropocentriskt och teleologiskt synsätt i ungefär lika stor utsträckning.<br>For many years folklore, stories and fairy tales have been giving animals human attributes and elaborated the animals in a human-like way. The wolf is no exception and is often reproduced in a negative way. Can these experiences of the wolf from the selection of fairy tales affect how pupils think about the wolf and its role in an ecosystem? And furthermore, can it affect how the pupils understand how the wolf interacts with other organisms? With a comparative approach between pupils from urban and rural environments, the purpose of the study is to elucidate thoughts and attitudes toward the wolf and to emphasize how pupils place the wolf and its role in an ecosystem. A revised clinical group interview method has been used to achieve the purpose of the study. In total, 18 pupils participated, five of them from the countryside and 12 pupils from a city. The survey shows that pupils from the urban environment have a negative attitude toward the wolf, which differs from the pupils from rural areas, who have a positive, alternatively neutral attitude towards the wolf. The pupils from both urban and rural environments describe the role of the wolf in an ecosystem in an anthropocentric and teleological approach to an approximately equal extent.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att, med hjälp av företagsekonomiska relationsteorier, undersöka och beskriva ICA-handlare som driver butiker i profilerna Nära- och Supermarkets relation till ICA AB. De handlare som ingick i studien driver butiker i Uppsalaområdet. Utifrån relationsteorier om engagemang och förtroende utformades och genomfördes intervjuer med ICA-handlare. Informationen från intervjuerna användes för att uppfylla studiens syfte och besvara frågeställningen. Studien visar att ICA-handlare som driver butiker inom profilerna Nära- och Supermarkets relation till ICA AB är bra.

Idag finns det begränsade teorier som behandlar det postmoderna konsumtionssamhället utifrån ett medie- och kommunikationsvetenskaligt perspektiv. Syftet med examensarbetet är att undersöka spänningsfältet mellan ICA och högskolestudenter i ett konsumtionssamhälle genom att granska varumärkeskommunikationens betydelse på digitala plattformar. Materialinsamlingen är genomförd i form av kvalitativa intervjuer, med medarbetare på ICA, samt fokusgrupper med studenter. Med studien vill vi ge en inblick i hur kommunikationsprocesser strategiskt utformas för att nå rätt målgrupp, hur relationer vårdas och vad en god dialog innebär och har för framtida betydelser. Studien har analyserat det spänningsfält som ligger i grund till valet av konsumtion gällande matvaruhandel som högskolestudent. Studiens slutsatser visar på att det är en rad olika faktorer som är bidragande till att bygga upp en stark relation med ett företag.<br>Today there is limited theories considering reasearch on the postmodern consumtion society from a media and communication perspective. The purpose with this thesis is to investigate the tension between ICA and Univeristy students in a consumption society through analysis brandbuilding communications meaning on digital platforms. The material to the thesis is collected by qualitative interviews, both with employees at ICA and focus groups with university students. With this thesis we want to give an insight of how communication processes strategically is designed to reach their target group, how relationships are nurtured and what a good dialogue means for future brand building. The study has analyzed the tension of what includes the choice of consumption when it comes to retail business from university students perspective. The conclusions indicate how there are a number of factors that are contributing to build a strong relationship with an organization.

In today's society the use of mobile phones is part of most peoples everyday life. Phone service providers want to provide an efficient, reliable, secure and safe phone service experience for their users. Ericsson has developed a load test to test their products in order to ensure the highest quality. An important part to achieve a safe and efficient user experience is to have some mechanism for blocking material and providing dynamic material based on a users location. In this report an implementation of is described. ICAP is a protocol developed for just this purpose. ICAP is able to block unwanted content and provide dynamic adaptation based on a users location. This thesis aims to present an implementation of ICAP for the load test tool in order to provide testing of telecommmunication functionality during high load.