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Academic literature on the topic 'IBV'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "IBV"

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Harbig, Anne, Marco Mernberger, Linda Bittel, Stephan Pleschka, Klaus Schughart, Torsten Steinmetzer, Thorsten Stiewe, Andrea Nist, and Eva Böttcher-Friebertshäuser. "Transcriptome profiling and protease inhibition experiments identify proteases that activate H3N2 influenza A and influenza B viruses in murine airways." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 33 (April 17, 2020): 11388–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.012635.

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Cleavage of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) by host proteases is essential for virus infectivity. HA of most influenza A and B (IAV/IBV) viruses is cleaved at a monobasic motif by trypsin-like proteases. Previous studies have reported that transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) is essential for activation of H7N9 and H1N1pdm IAV in mice but that H3N2 IAV and IBV activation is independent of TMPRSS2 and carried out by as-yet-undetermined protease(s). Here, to identify additional H3 IAV- and IBV-activating proteases, we used RNA-Seq to investigate the protease repertoire of murine lower airway tissues, primary type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECIIs), and the mouse lung cell line MLE-15. Among 13 candidates identified, TMPRSS4, TMPRSS13, hepsin, and prostasin activated H3 and IBV HA in vitro. IBV activation and replication was reduced in AECIIs from Tmprss2/Tmprss4-deficient mice compared with WT or Tmprss2-deficient mice, indicating that murine TMPRSS4 is involved in IBV activation. Multicycle replication of H3N2 IAV and IBV in AECIIs of Tmprss2/Tmprss4-deficient mice varied in sensitivity to protease inhibitors, indicating that different, but overlapping, sets of murine proteases facilitate H3 and IBV HA cleavages. Interestingly, human hepsin and prostasin orthologs did not activate H3, but they did activate IBV HA in vitro. Our results indicate that TMPRSS4 is an IBV-activating protease in murine AECIIs and suggest that TMPRSS13, hepsin, and prostasin cleave H3 and IBV HA in mice. They further show that hepsin and prostasin orthologs might contribute to the differences observed in TMPRSS2-independent activation of H3 in murine and human airways.
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Panigrahy, Rabi Narayan, Susanta Kumar Panda, and Prabhakar Reddy Veerareddy. "FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF COMBINED FLOATING-BIOADHESIVE TABLETS OF IMATINIB MESYLATE." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 10 (November 1, 2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i11.18894.

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Objective: Gastro retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS) pertaining to its attributes like gastric retention time and the extended drug release profile has significantly improved patient compliance. The objective of the present study is to formulate and evaluate a stomach-specific floating-bioadhesive tablet of imatinib mesylate for prolonged residence in the stomach in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).Methods: All the tablets were prepared with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), guar gum, sodium alginate, and carbopol using direct compression technique. Physical characterization, in vitro dissolution, the mucoadhesive force along with data analysis was done on each tablet. Results: The pre-compression characteristics of powder mixtures found to be satisfactory for all formulation batches. The results of physical evaluation for all batches were complying with pharmacopeia specification. The swelling index for all formulation batches was approximately 100% after 8 hours. The bioadhesive force (mean ± SD) reported in a range of 0.05 ± 0.09 to 0.18 ± 0.06 N/m2. It was observed that the release rate of tablets was decreased when the viscosity and concentration of the polymer were increased. Formulation batches IB1, IB2, IB4, IB5, IB6, IB9, IB10, IB11, and IB13 follows Higuchi Matrix model kinetics; whereas IB3, IB7, IB8, and IB12 follows Korsmeyer- Peppas model kinetics.Conclusion: Formulation batch IB9 reported a considerable swelling index, floating behavior, more bioadhesive strength with uniform drug release pattern. Therefore formulation batch IB9 was selected as optimized batch and were kept for further evaluation studies.
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Lee, Jinhwa, Liping Wang, Rachel Palinski, Tim Walsh, Dongchang He, Yonghai Li, Rui Wu, et al. "Comparison of Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Influenza B and D Viruses in Pigs." Viruses 11, no. 10 (September 27, 2019): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11100905.

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Influenza viruses are important pathogens causing respiratory disease in humans and animals. In contrast to influenza A virus (IAV) that can infect a wide range of animal species, other influenza viruses, including influenza B virus (IBV), influenza C virus (ICV), and influenza D virus (IDV) have a limited host range. Swine can be infected with all four different genera of influenza viruses. IAV infection of pigs causes the well-known swine influenza that poses significant threats to human and animal health. However, influenza virus infection of pigs with IBV, ICV, and IDV are not well-characterized. Herein, we compared pathogenicity of IBV and IDV using intratracheal and intranasal infection of pigs, which are IAV seropositive, and commingled naïve pigs with the infected animals to determine their transmissibility. Both viruses caused fever and some lung lesions, replicated in the lungs of infected pigs, but only IDV transmitted to the contact animals. Although IBV and IDV displayed differing levels of replication in the respiratory tract of infected pigs, no significant differences in pathogenicity of both viruses were observed. These results indicate that both IBV and IDV can replicate, and are pathogenic in pigs.
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Park, Bum Ju, Man Seong Park, Jae Myun Lee, and Yoon Jae Song. "Specific Detection of Influenza A and B Viruses by CRISPR-Cas12a-Based Assay." Biosensors 11, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11030088.

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A rapid and accurate on-site diagnostic test for pathogens including influenza viruses is critical for preventing the spread of infectious diseases. Two types of influenza virus, A and B cause seasonal flu epidemics, whereas type A can cause influenza pandemics. To specifically detect influenza A (IAV) and B (IBV) viruses, we developed a clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) system-based assay. By coupling reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), a CRISPR-Cas12a DNA endonuclease-targeted CRISPR trans-reporter (DETECTR) detected IAV and IBV titers as low as 1 × 100 plaque forming units (PFUs) per reaction without exhibiting cross-reactivity. Only 75 to 85 min were required to detect IAV and IBV, depending on isothermal nucleic acid amplification methods, and results were verified using a lateral flow strip assay that does not require additional analytic equipment. Taken together, our findings establish RT-RPA and RT-LAMP-coupled DETECTR-based diagnostic tests for rapid, specific and high-sensitivity detection of IAV and IBV using fluorescence and lateral flow assays. The diagnostic test developed in this study can be used to distinguish IAV and IBV infections, a capability that is necessary for monitoring and preventing the spread of influenza epidemics and pandemics.
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Gregianini, Tatiana Schäffer, Ivana R. Santos Varella, Patricia Fisch, Letícia Garay Martins, and Ana B. G. Veiga. "Dual and Triple Infections With Influenza A and B Viruses: A Case-Control Study in Southern Brazil." Journal of Infectious Diseases 220, no. 6 (May 29, 2019): 961–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz221.

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Abstract Influenza surveillance is important for disease control and should consider possible coinfection with different viruses, which can be associated with disease severity. This study analyzed 34 459 patients with respiratory infection from 2009 to 2018, of whom 8011 were positive for influenza A virus (IAV) or influenza B virus (IBV). We found 18 cases of dual influenza virus infection, including coinfection with 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus (A[H1N1]pdm09) and influenza A(H3N2) virus (1 case), A(H1N1)pdm09 and IBV (6 cases), A(H3N2) and IBV (8 cases), and nonsubtyped IAV and IBV (3 cases); and 1 case of triple infection with A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09, and IBV. Compared with 76 monoinfected patients, coinfection was significantly associated with cardiopathy and death. Besides demographic characteristics and clinical symptoms, we assessed vaccination status, antiviral treatment, timeliness of antiviral use, hospitalization, and intensive care unit admission, but no significant differences were found between coinfected and monoinfected cases. Our findings indicate that influenza virus coinfection occurs more often than previously reported and that it can lead to a worse disease outcome.
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Loconsole, Daniela, Anna Lisa De Robertis, Anna Morea, Daniele Casulli, Rosanna Mallamaci, Simona Baldacci, Francesca Centrone, et al. "High Public-Health Impact in an Influenza-B-Mismatch Season in Southern Italy, 2017-2018." BioMed Research International 2019 (August 20, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4643260.

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Background. Yearly influenza epidemics have considerable effects on public health worldwide. The 2017-2018 influenza season in Italy was of greater severity than previous seasons. The aim of this study was to describe the 2017-2018 influenza season in Southern Italy and the molecular characteristics of the circulating viral strains. Methods. The incidence of influenza-like illness (ILI) was analysed. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients with ILI from week 46/2017 to week 17/2018 were tested to identify influenza A viruses (IAV) and influenza B viruses (IBV). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of haemagglutinin genes were also performed on 73 positive samples (35 IBV, 36 IAV H1, and 2 IAV H3 strains). Results. During the 2017-2018 season, the peak incidence was 14.32 cases per 1,000 inhabitants. IBV strains were identified in 71.0% of cases. The 35 characterised IBV strains belonged to Yamagata lineage clade 3, the 36 A/H1N1pdm09 strains clustered with the genetic subgroup 6B.1, and the 2 A/H3N2 strains clustered with the genetic subgroup 3C.2a. Intensive-care unit (ICU) admission was required in 50 cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Among the >64-year age group, 18 out of 26 ICU-ARDS cases (69.2%) were caused by IBV, and 14 of these (77.8%) were B/Yamagata lineage. Conclusions. The 2017-2018 influenza season was one of the most severe in a decade in Southern Italy. IBV mismatch between the trivalent vaccine and the circulating strains occurred. The high number of ICU-ARDS cases caused by B/Yamagata strains in the >64-year age group suggests that further data on the effectiveness of the available influenza vaccines are needed to determine the best way to protect the elderly against both IBV lineages.
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Shiferaw, Jirata, Tamiru Dego, Misgana Tefera, and Yobsan Tamiru. "Seroprevalence of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Broiler and Layer Farms of Central Ethiopia." BioMed Research International 2022 (March 2, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8915400.

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Background. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly contagious viral disease of chicken typically affecting the reproductive and respiratory tract and results in possible economic causes from its serious infectious and transmission characteristics. Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried on serum samples of chickens selected from six (two commercial and four small holder) farms and two types of production (broiler and layer) to detect seroprevalence of IBV and its associated risk factors in Bishoftu and Holeta areas of central Ethiopia from June 2021 to September 2021. A total of 354 blood samples were collected and subjected to indirect ELISA test by IBV antibody test kit ((ProFLOK IBV), from ProFLOK Laboratories Inc., (USA)) to detect specific antibodies against IBV. Results. Overall, 97.46% seroprevalence was identified. From 230 and 124 samples collected from commercial and smallholder poultry farms, 226 (98.26%) and 119 (95.98%) positive results were obtained, respectively. Among the production types of chickens, high seroprevalence (99.31%) was found in layer poultry, and lower seroprevalence (96.17%) was found in the case of broiler chicken. Significant association was observed among different associated risk factors particularly age, sex, breed, and production types of chickens. From the tested chickens, all age groups, species, and farm types have high seroprevalence of IBV. The prevalence of IBV was highly significant ( p ≤ 0.01 ) in the study site. The risk factors indicated could have increased infection prevalence, pathogens’ economic impact, and disease occurrence. Conclusion. IBD is complicating factor affecting poultry production systems in the area. Vaccine and biosecurity measures are recommended for the control of IBV. Furtherly, identification and characterization (by using RT-PCR) of persistent serotype of IBV circulating in the field are recommended.
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Shirvani, Edris, and Siba K. Samal. "Comparative Protective Efficacies of Novel Avian Paramyxovirus-Vectored Vaccines against Virulent Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Chickens." Viruses 12, no. 7 (June 28, 2020): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12070697.

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Viral vectored vaccines are desirable alternatives for conventional infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccines. We have recently shown that a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) strain LaSota expressing the spike (S) protein of IBV strain Mass-41 (rLaSota/IBV-S) was a promising vaccine candidate for IBV. Here we evaluated a novel chimeric rNDV/avian paramyxovirus serotype 2 (rNDV/APMV-2) as a vaccine vector against IBV. The rNDV/APMV-2 vector was chosen because it is much safer than the rNDV strain LaSota vector, particularly for young chicks and chicken embryos. In order to determine the effectiveness of this vector, a recombinant rNDV/APMV-2 expressing the S protein of IBV strain Mass-41 (rNDV/APMV-2/IBV-S) was constructed. The protective efficacy of this vector vaccine was compared to that of the rNDV vector vaccine. In one study, groups of one-day-old specific-pathogenic-free (SPF) chickens were immunized with rLaSota/IBV-S and rNDV/APMV-2/IBV-S and challenged four weeks later with the homologous highly virulent IBV strain Mass-41. In another study, groups of broiler chickens were single (at day one or three weeks of age) or prime-boost (prime at day one and boost at three weeks of age) immunized with rLaSota/IBV-S and/or rNDV-APMV-2/IBV-S. At weeks six of age, chickens were challenged with a highly virulent IBV strain Mass-41. Our challenge study showed that novel rNDV/APMV-2/IBV-S provided similar protection as rLaSota/IBV-S in SPF chickens. However, compared to prime-boost immunization of chickens with chimeric rNDV/APMV-2, rLaSota/IBV-S and/or a live IBV vaccine, single immunization of chickens with rLaSota/IBV-S, or live IBV vaccine provided better protection against IBV. In conclusion, we have developed the novel rNDV/APMV-2 vector expressing S protein of IBV that can be a safer vaccine against IB in chickens. Our results also suggest a single immunization with a LaSota vectored IBV vaccine candidate provides better protection than prime-boost immunization regimens.
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Santos, Helton Fernandes dos, Luciane Teresinha Lovato, Maristela Lovato Flôres, Iara Maria Trevisol, Ketty Cristina Mazzutti, and Kleitton Adolfo Pan. "Anticorpos contra vírus em galinhas de terreiro do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." Ciência Rural 38, no. 7 (October 2008): 1932–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782008000700020.

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No Brasil, a população de aves conhecida como galinhas de terreiro encontra-se fora do sistema de biosseguridade aplicada às criações comerciais. Para investigar a presença de anticorpos contra alguns vírus específicos nesta população, foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 867 aves não-vacinadas em 60 propriedades de 22 municípios do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O soro foi testado para a presença de anticorpos contra o vírus da bronquite infecciosa das galinhas (IBV), reovírus aviário (ARV) e o vírus da doença infecciosa da bolsa (IBDV) pela técnica de soroneutralização. Anticorpos contra IBV foram detectados em 65% (564/867) das amostras, contra ARV em 21,6% (187/867) e contra IBDV em 80,2% (695/867) das aves. Todas as propriedades avaliadas apresentavam uma ave positiva para anticorpos contra IBV e IBDV e 88,3% delas eram positivas para ARV. Os resultados demonstram que esses vírus estão presentes em galinhas de terreiro nas criações avícolas não-industriais da região central do Estado. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de um programa de vigilância permanente nessa população e ainda indicam a necessidade de avaliar o impacto destas infecções nos próprios plantéis e o risco associado à transmissão destas às criações comerciais.
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Tao, Qimeng, Xiurong Wang, Hongmei Bao, Jianan Wu, Lin Shi, Yanbing Li, Chuanling Qiao, Samuilenko Anatolij Yakovlevich, Poukhova Nina Mikhaylovna, and Hualan Chen. "Detection and Differentiation of Four Poultry Diseases Using Asymmetric Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction in Combination with Oligonucleotide Microarrays." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 21, no. 5 (September 2009): 623–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870902100506.

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Asymmetric reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and microarrays were combined to distinguish 4 viruses, including Avian influenza virus (AIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), and Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), and hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes H5, H7, and H9, and neuraminidase (NA) subtypes N1 and N2 of AIV. The AIV matrix protein (M), and HA and NA genes, IBV nucleoprotein (NP) gene, NDV NP gene, and IBDV A fragment gene were cloned into plasmids. These genes were amplified from these positive recombinant plasmids, which included the inserted target genes by PCR. The PCR products were purified and printed on the amino-modified slides as the probes. RNA was extracted from samples and labeled by asymmetric RT-PCR using a cyanine (Cy)3–labeled primers. The labeled complementary (c)DNA was hybridized to the probes immobilized on the glass slides. After hybridization, the microarrays were scanned, and the hybridization pattern agreed perfectly with the known location of each probe. No cross-hybridization could be detected. Results demonstrated that microarray based on asymmetric RT-PCR is an effective way to distinguish AIV, IBV, NDV, and IBDV simultaneously.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "IBV"

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Hackney, Karen. "IBV D-RNAs as delivery vectors for heterologous genes." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250926.

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Winter, Christine. "Charakterisierung des IBV-Spike-Proteins Bindungseigenschaften und Lokalisation in eukaryotischen Zellen /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=978261763.

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Jayaram, Jyothi. "Studies on the nucleocapsid protein of infectious bronchitis virus." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2243.

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Because phosphorylation of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) nucleocapsid (N) protein may regulate its multiple roles in viral replication, the dynamics of N phosphorylation were examined. In the infected cell, N was the only viral protein that was phosphorylated as shown by 32P-orthophosphate labeling and Western blot analysis and with IBV specific polyclonal chicken antibody. Using pulse-labeling with 32Porthophosphate, the IBV N protein was found to be phosphorylated in the virion, as well as at all times during infection of Vero cells. One-hour pulse-chase analysis followed by immunoprecipitation of IBV N using rabbit anti-IBV N polyclonal antibody showed that the phosphate on the protein did not fall below 70% of the maximum and remained stable. The small but reproducible drop in phosphorylation could modulate the various functions of the N protein in the infected cell. Simultaneous labeling with 32Porthophosphate and 3H-leucine of infected CEK cells indicated a 3.5-fold increase in the ratio of the 32P:3H counts per minute (cpm) on the virion N protein as compared to the 32P:3H cpm ratio of the N protein from lysates at 7 h p.i. The 32P:3H cpm ratio of the N protein from virion from infected-Vero cell lysates was 10.5X more than the 32P:3H cpm ratio of the N protein obtained at 7 h p.i. It has been shown that the N proteins from the measles and rabies viruses form helical nucleocapsid-like structures when expressed in bacteria (Schoehn et al., 2001; Warnes et al., 1995). The ability of E. coli expressed IBV N protein to form helical-nucleocapsid-like structures was investigated using transmission electron microscopy. Full-length, purified histidine-tagged IBV N protein formed nucleocapsid-like structures when expressed in bacteria. Because E. coli -expressed histidine-tagged fragments of the IBV N protein did not form helical nucleocapsid-like structures, the full-length protein is probably required for assembly of these structures. The highly conserved IBV N protein was also used as a diagnostic tool in an ELISA for detecting anti-IBV antibody in chicken serum using a specialized microwave called the BIOWAVE. The BIOWAVE improves the processing time for an ELISA.
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Quadros, Valter Leonardo de [Verfasser]. "Das Infektiöse Bronchitis Virus (IBV) : molekularbiologische Untersuchungen zur Diagnostik und zum Vorkommen sowie zur Pathogenität des Genotyps IBV QX in spezifisch pathogenfreien (SPF) Broilern / Valter Leonardo de Quadros." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/102727577X/34.

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Santos, Helton Fernandes dos. "Anticorpos contra vírus de aves em galinhas de terreiro e cracídeos. Identificação e susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos da microbiota de cracídeos cativos no RS, Brasil." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10006.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Poultry production is a very important economic activity in Brazil once the country is among the highest world avian producers. The knowledge of the pathogens epidemiology is essential to the control of infectious diseases and such control is very strict in chickens and turkeys on the avian industry. However, the avian population of the country shows a big diversity of domestic and wild birds and the chicken backyard population is out of this control. To investigate the presence of antibodies against specific viruses in the backyard chicken population, blood was collected of 867 non-vaccinated birds, from 60 farms and 22 counties from the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Neutralizing antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) were detected in 65% (564/867) of the individuals, against avian reovirus (ARV) in 21.6% (187/867) and, against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in 80.2% (695/867). The results presented on the first chapter indicated that the tested viruses are circulating among this population. Among the wild species there is a group of Galliformes, classified at the Cracidae family and commonly known as guans, chachalacas and curassows which deserved a special attention in the present study. To determine the microbiota, the bacterial resistance and the presence of antibodies against specific viruses in these birds, fifty one serum and cloacal swab samples were collected from 10 different cracid species captive in the Rio Grande do Sul State during 2007. Serum samples were submitted to serum-neutralization test and specific antibodies were detected against IBV in 5.9% (3/51) of the cracids, against ARV in 15.7% (8/51) and, against IBDV in 35.3% (18/51). All the samples were found to be negative to fowlpox virus by the AGID test. Bacterial isolation and identification were performed from the cloacal swabs. After that, the isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Ninety three bacterial isolates were obtained from 10 different genera. Escherichia spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are among the most prevalent genera. Antimicrobial resistance was observed in several isolates, with Serratia marcescens presenting the highest level of resistance to multi drugs followed by Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, among others. The results from the second chapter of this dissertation allowed us to conclude that bacterial resistance is spread in the captive cracid microbiota and, most importantly, these species are susceptible to the infection by IBV, IBDV and ARV.
A avicultura é uma das principais atividades econômicas do Brasil, que ocupa posição de destaque entre os exportadores de frango e subprodutos. O conhecimento da epidemiologia de patógenos que podem gerar prejuízos a essa atividade é essencial para o controle das enfermidades infecciosas. Este controle é realizado em larga escala em galinhas e perus criados no sistema industrial. Entretanto a população avícola do país consiste de uma grande diversidade de aves domésticas e selvagens, sendo o grupo conhecido como galinhas de terreiro formado por indivíduos desta espécie criados fora do sistema industrial. Com o objetivo de investigar a presença de anticorpos contra alguns vírus específicos na população de galinhas de terreiro, foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 867 galinhas não vacinadas, em 60 propriedades de 22 municípios do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, que foram testadas pela técnica de soroneutralização. Anticorpos contra o vírus da bronquite infecciosa das galinhas (IBV) foram detectados em 65% (564/867) destas aves, contra o reovírus aviário (ARV) em 21,6% (187/867) e contra o vírus da doença infecciosa da bolsa (IBDV) em 80,2% (695/867). Os descritos no primeiro capítulo desta dissertação permitiram demostrar a circulação dos vírus testados na população descrita. No segundo capítulo trabalhou-se com aves da ordem Galliformes, pertencentes à família Cracidae e conhecidos popularmente como jacus, jacutingas, araquãs e mutuns, com o intuito de conhecer a microbiota, resistência bacteriana e a presença de anticorpos contra vírus de aves, 51 amostras de soro e swab cloacal de 10 diferentes espécies de cracídeos cativos do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul foram coletadas durante o ano de 2007. As amostras de soro foram utilizadas para a detecção de anticorpos neutralizantes contra o IBV, ARV e IBDV, onde obteve os seguintes resultados: contra o IBV em 5,9% (3/51) das amostras positivas, contra o ARV em 15,7% (8/51) e contra o IBDV em 35,3% (18/51). Através do teste de imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA) determinou-se que todas as amostras de soro eram negativas para o vírus da bouba aviária. Para o isolamento e identificação bacteriana foram realizados dos swabs cloacais e, posteriormente, foi testada a susceptibilidade antimicrobiana. Foram obtidos 93 isolados bacterianos, divididos em 10 diferentes gêneros. Entre os gêneros bacterianos mais prevalentes estavam Escherichia spp., Staphylococcus spp. e Streptococcus spp. Foi observada em grande número de isolados resistência à antimicrobianos, sendo que a bactéria Serratia marcescens apresentou o maior índice de resistência múltipla antimicrobiana. Os altos índices de resistência também foram detectados para Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli. Os resultados apresentados permitem concluir que a resistência bacteriana está disseminada na microbiota de cracídeos cativos e que indivíduos destas espécies são suscetíveis à infecção pelo IBV, IBDV e ARV, assim como as galinhas de terreiro.
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Bentley, Kirsten. "IBV : potential as a vaccine vector and identification of a novel subgenomic mRNA." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/54374/.

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Using an IBV reverse genetics system a series of recombinant viruses were generated to investigate the potential for utilizing IBV as a vaccine vector. Through the replacement of non-essential regions of the IBV genome, with eGFP or hRluc, factors influencing the stability of recombinant viruses expressing heterologous genes were determined. Expression of heterologous proteins was possible from a variety of virus constructs. The stability of recombinant viruses varied depending on the genome location of the heterologous gene, with replacement of Gene 5 proving to be most stable following passage in cell culture. Stability was strongly influenced by the MOI at which viruses were passaged, with low MOIs resulting in increased stability. The replacement of Gene 5 with a heterologous virus gene may be a suitable target for development of a bivalent vaccine capable of protecting against IBV and a second avian viral disease. Analysis of recombinant IBV mRNA expression profiles led to an investigation into an uncharacterized RNA species, and its link to the IBV intergenic region. A novel subgenomic mRNA was identified associated with the intergenic region that was shown to be transcribed via a non-canonical transcription regulatory sequence. In contradiction to the current model of coronavirus transcription this mRNA has a transcription regulatory sequence derived mainly from the leader, and not the body, transcription regulatory sequence. The non-canonical sequence was shown to be responsible for reduced transcription levels of the intergenic region mRNA. This project proposes the presence of an additional IBV subgenomic mRNA, transcribed via a non-canonical mechanism, and encoding a novel 5th accessory protein of IBV and closely related gammacoronaviruses.
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Martini, Matheus Cavalheiro 1983. "Estudo experimental em camundongos e aves comerciais com isolado de pombo do vírus da bronquite infecciosa (IBV) = Experimental study in mice and poultry with isolated from pigeon infectious bronchitis virus (IBV)." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316633.

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Orientadores: Clarice Weis Arns, Helena Lage Ferreira
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T04:15:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Martini_MatheusCavalheiro_D.pdf: 16763908 bytes, checksum: 65c4aed6451181f383a10560fce87e51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: O vírus da Bronquite Infecciosa (VBI), pertencente à família Coronaviridae, é um importante patógeno à sanidade e fatores econômicos da produção avícola no Brasil e no mundo. O VBI possui múltiplos sorotipos e o frequente surgimento de novas variantes é um dos principais problemas relacionados a este vírus. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a investigação experimental da patogênese de um isolado de pombo (Columba/Brazil/2007/Unicamp/67T), caracterizado molecularmente pelo gene S1 como VBI sorotipo Massachusetts, e seus efeitos in vivo, em galinhas e camundongos. O presente estudo foi dividido em duas partes, na primeira um grupo de aves "specific pathogen free" (SPF) foi inoculado pela via óculo-nasal com a amostra viral proveniente de pombo. Os animais, de um dia de vida, foram sacrificados nos dias 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias pós-inoculação (dpi). Foram coletados suabes de traqueia, seio nasal e cloaca, além de órgãos como pulmão, íleo, pró-ventrículo (coletado entre 7 e 21 dpi), rim, tonsilas cecais (coletada a partir de 4dpi) e testículos (coletado a partir de 5 dpi). Sinais clínicos respiratórios como espirros, estertores, corrimento nasal, além de letargia, diarreia e perda de coordenação foram observados principalmente no 5dpi. A inibição da atividade ciliar ocorreu concomitantemente ao pico de sinais clínicos das aves. Foi analisado tropismo tecidual, através da quantidade de RNA viral detectado, pelo trato digestório. Os maiores títulos de RNA viral foram detectados na tonsila cecal, seguida pelo íleo (ambos no 5dpi) e cloaca (no 2dpi). Além disso, houve detecção de RNA viral no rim e trato respiratório, com maior título de RNA viral na traqueia. Os órgãos que apresentaram maiores danos teciduais através do exame histopatológico foram o rim, íleo e traqueia (todos no 5dpi). Por fim, as aves inoculadas com a amostra do VBI oriundo de pombo produziram anticorpos entre os dias 14 e 21dpi, detectados no soro destes animais através do ELISA. Na segunda parte do trabalho, a capacidade de replicação de diferentes variantes do VBI em camundongos foi avaliada. Para tanto, camundongos das linhagens Balb/C e A/J foram inoculados pela via nasal com duas amostras do sorotipo Massachussets (Mass) e com a variante brasileira (BR-I), e sacrificados no 3, 10 e 14 dpi. Não foram observados sinais clínicos nem lesões macroscópicas graves. O RNA viral foi detectado em todos os órgãos coletados, sendo os principais órgãos de replicação o seio nasal e pulmão (no 3dpi) para os camundongos da linhagem A/J e pulmão e duodeno (ambos no 3dpi) na linhagem de camundongos Balb/C, nos quais os títulos virais detectados foram mais altos. Pneumonia intersticial, edema e infiltrado mononuclear foram as principais alterações histopatológicas observadas no 3dpi em camundongos inoculados com as diferentes variantes. A presença da nucleoproteína viral, pela imunohistoquímica, foi detectada no duodeno, traqueia e pulmão de camundongos no 3dpi nas duas linhagens de camundongos. Os anticorpos contra o coronavírus aviário foram detectados somente no 3dpi. Assim, os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que a variante Massachussets, com origem de pombo, causa a doença clínica em aves comerciais não vacinadas e pode replicar em modelo mamífero por um curto período de tempo, ressaltando a importância da vacinação e o papel potencial dos roedores como possível reservatório e carreador do vírus
Abstract: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) belonging to the family Coronaviridae is an important pathogen to sanity and economics of poultry production in Brazil and worldwide. The VBI has multiple serotypes and the frequent emergence of new variants is one of the main problems related to this virus. This work aims to experimentally investigate the pathogenesis of pigeon sample (Columba/Brazil/2007/Unicamp/67T), molecularly characterized by S1 gene as IBV Massachusetts serotype, and its effects in vivo in chickens and mice. This study was divided into two parts. In the first part, a group of birds "specific pathogen free" (SPF) was inoculated by oculo-nasal route with the viral sample from pigeon. The animals with one-day-old, were sacrificed on 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days post-inoculation (dpi). Tracheal swabs, nasal sinus and cloaca were collected, and organs such as lung, ileum, pro-ventricular (collected between 7 and 21dpi), kidney, caecal tonsils (collected from 4dpi) and testes (collected from 5 dpi). Clinical signs such as sneezing, rales, nasal discharge, lethargy, diarrhea, and loss of coordination were observed mainly in the 5dpi. Inhibition of ciliary activity occurred concomitantly with the peak of clinical signs of birds. Tissue tropism was analyzed by the amount of viral RNA detected by the gastrointestinal tract. The higher titers of viral RNA were detected in the cecal tonsil, followed by the ileum (both in 5dpi) and cloaca (in 2dpi). In addition, viral RNA was detected in the kidney and respiratory tract, with highest titer of viral RNA in the trachea. The organs that showed severe tissue damage by histopathology were the kidney, ileum and trachea (all in 5dpi). Finally, the birds inoculated with the sample originated from IBV Pigeon produced antibodies between 14 and 21dpi, detected in the serum of these animals by ELISA. In the second part, the replication capacity of different variants of IBV in mice was evaluated. For this, mice of strains BALB/C and A/J were inoculated intranasally with two strains of Massachusetts (Mass) serotype and the Brazilian variant (BR-I), and sacrificed at 3, 10 and 14 dpi. No clinical signs or severe macroscopic lesions were observed. The viral RNA was detected in all organs collected, higher tittles were detected on sinus and lung (in 3dpi) for mice of strain A/J and on lung and duodenum (both in 3dpi) in the line of Balb/C; in this line the viral titles were higher than the strain A/J. Interstitial pneumonia, edema and mononuclear cell infiltration were the main histopathological changes observed in 3dpi in inoculated mice with different variants. The presence of viral nucleoprotein, immunohistochemistry was detected in the duodenum, trachea and lungs of mice in 3dpi in both mice strains. Antibodies against avian coronaviruses have been detected only in 3dpi. Thus, the results of this study demonstrate that the Massachusetts variant, originating from pigeon, cause clinical disease in commercial poultry unvaccinated and can replicate in mammalian model for a short period of time, emphasizing the importance of vaccination and the potential role of rodents as possible reservoir and the carrier virus
Doutorado
Microbiologia
Doutora em Genética e Biologia Molecular
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Dashan, Li. "Factors affecting the membrane fusion-inducing capacity of the spike protein of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus (IBV)." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522192.

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Youn, Soonjeon. "In vitro assembly of an infectious cDNA clone of infectious bronchitis virus and its application as a gene transfer vector." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1311.

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An infectious cDNA clone of Vero cell adapted Beaudette strain of IBV was constructed using in vitro assembly of cDNA fragments. The entire genome of IBV was RT-PCR amplified into seven fragments, with each piece overlapping about 10 nucleotides. The fragments were ligated and transcribed to synthesize RNA, which was transfected into BHK-21 cells. These cells were then overlaid onto IBV susceptible Vero cells. After five days transfection, the virus was successfully rescued from the transfected cells. The cDNA clone from our laboratory strain has a five nucleotide insertion not present in the originally sequenced virus, resulting in total genome size of 27,613 nucleotides. The infectious cDNA clone was further manipulated to demonstrate its potential as a gene transfer vector, by replacing the ORF5a open reading frame with enhanced green fluorescent protein. The recombinant infectious cDNA clone was also successfully rescued after three days transfection of BHK-21 cells followed by co-culturing with Vero cells. This study showed that the 5a protein, whose function is not known, is not necessary for in vitro IBV replication. This study also showed that the 5a ORF is a good candidate for an insertion site of recombinant genes for the development of IBV infectious cDNA clone as a gene transfer vector.
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Sandri, Thaisa Lucas. "Vírus da bronquite infecciosa das galinhas (IBV): distribuição, diversidade molecular e genealogia a partir de amostras de múltiplos órgãos de diversos tipos de criação do plantel avícola brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-21122010-105658/.

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A bronquite infecciosa das galinhas (BIG) é uma doença altamente contagiosa causada por múltiplos genotipos/sorotipos do vírus da bronquite infecciosa das galinhas (IBV), um coronavirus do grupo 3. Embora classicamente associado ao trato respiratório, alguns tipos de IBV têm sido descritos com tropismo pelos rins e pelos tratos reprodutivos e entéricos, o IBV pode ser detectado em diversos tipos de tecidos, e também pode acometer aves de todas as idades. Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a freqüência do IBV em amostras de diversos órgãos e conteúdo entérico de avós, matrizes, poedeiras comerciais e frangos de corte, genotipar as amostras detectadas e estudar a diversidade molecular entre as amostras brasileiras de IBV. Um total de 844 pools de diversos órgãos e conteúdos entéricos provenientes de 200 lotes de avós, matrizes, poedeiras comerciais e frangos de corte, das regiões Sul, Sudeste, Centro-oeste e Nordeste do Brasil, colhidas durante o período de 2007 a 2009 foram testadas para a presença de IBV com um RT-PCR dirigido à região não traduzida 3′(3′UTR). As aves amostradas apresentaram sinais clínicos compatíveis com a BIG. Todas as amostras de IBV detectadas foram tipificadas utilizando uma RT-PCR dirigida ao gene de espícula do vírus. Dezenove amostras tipificadas como variante foram submetidas ao seqüenciamento parcial da região codificadora da subunidade S1 e à análise genealógica. Considerando os pools de órgãos e de conteúdo entérico, 45,50% foram positivos para a presença de IBV, dos quais, 84,63% pertencem ao genotipo Variante e 9,89% ao sorotipo/genotipo Massachusetts. Considerando os lotes, 73,50% foram positivos para IBV, sendo 77,55% variantes e 6,12% Massachusetts. A análise genealógica revelou quatro linhagens virais, todas agrupadas em um exclusivo grupamento de genotipo brasileiro. Estes resultados demonstram que o IBV está disseminado em todas as regiões avícolas brasileiras, com um predomínio massivo de genotipos não Massachusetts e uma elevada diversidade molecular, que deve ser levada em consideração para desenvolver medidas preventivas contra o IBV.
Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious disease of poultry caused by multiple geno/serotypes of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a group 3 coronavirus. Though classically associated to the respiratory tract, IBV strains also have been described which harbor tropism for the kidneys and the reproductive and enteric tracts, and might be detected in multiple tissues and can also affect birds of all ages. This survey aimed to assess the frequency of in multiple organs and enteric content samples from grandparents, breeders, layers and broilers, to genotype the IBV strains detected and to study the molecular diversity amongst Brazilian IBV strains. A total of 844 pools of multiple organs and enteric contents from 200 flocks of grandparents, breeders, layers and broilers from the Southern, Southeastern, Central-Western and Northeastern Brazilian regions collected between 2007 and 2009 was screened for the presence of IBV with an RT-PCR target to the 3 untranslated region (UTR). The sampled birds presented symptoms compatible with IB. All IBV strains detected were then typed using an RT-PCR target to the spike gene of the virus. Nineteen strains type as variants were submitted to partial sequencing of the S1 coding region and genealogic analysis. Regarding the organs and enteric content pools, 45.50% were positive for the presence of IBV, from which 84.63% were variant and 9.89% Massachusetts. Taking into account the flocks, 73.50% were positive for IBV, being 77.55% variants and 6.12% Massachusetts. Genealogic analysis revealed four viral lineages, all grouped in an exclusive Brazilian genotype cluster. This results shown that IBV is widespread in all Brazilian poultry regions, with a massive predominance of non-Massachusetts genotypes and a high molecular diversity, which must be taken into account in order to develop preventive measures against IB.
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Books on the topic "IBV"

1

Bibliothek, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. IUL und IBV Protokolle und Berichte: Ein Bestandsverzeichnis der Bibliothek der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. 2nd ed. Bonn: Bibliothek der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, 2001.

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Falk Symposium (170th 2009 Glasgow, Scotland). IBD and IBS: Novel mechanisms and future practice. Edited by Travis S. P. L. Basel: Karger, 2010.

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Silitonga, Alexandra. Ibu-ibu anda. Tangerang: Buah Hati, 2011.

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Zubayrī, Muṣʻab ibn ʻAbd Allāh, 772 or 3-851., Baghawī, ʻAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad, ca. 829-929 or 30., and Jazāʼirī Riḍā ibn Khālid, eds. Ḥadīth Muṣʻab ibn ʻAbd Allāh ibn Muṣʻab ibn Thābit ibn ʻAbd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-ʻAwwām, t. 236 H. al-Riyāḍ: Maktabat wa-Dār Ibn Ḥazm lil-Nashr wa-al-Tawzīʻ, 2003.

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Shumaysānī, Ḥasan. Shams al-Dīn ibn Khallikān Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Abī Bakr. Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-ʻIlmīyah, 1990.

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Vos, İdrîs De, and Mounir El Khourouj. Poésie arabo - andalouse: [Ibn Khafāja - Ibn Zaydoun - Ibn ʻAbbad]. Beyrouth: Dar Albouraq, 2012.

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Muḥammad ibn ʻAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ibn al-Ḥanafīyah. Bayrūt: Dār al-Rasūl al-Akram, 2007.

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Ḥaqīl, Ibrāhīm ibn Saʻd. ʻUbayd Allāh ibn ʻAbd Allāh ibn ʻUtbah ibn Masʻūd. ʻAmmān: Arwiqah, 2014.

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Muḥammad ibn ʻAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (Ibn al-Ḥanafīyah). Bayrūt: Dār al-Rasūl al-Akram, 2007.

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Jaeckel, Hans. Ibo. Zürich: Unionsverl., 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "IBV"

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Evans, Sharon, David Cavanagh, and Paul Britton. "Functional IBV Minigenomes Generated by Recombinant Fowl Pox Viruses for use in IBV-Targeted Recombination Studies." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 537–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1325-4_78.

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Cavanagh, Dave, Kathy Shaw, and Zhao Xiaoyan. "Analysis of Messenger RNA within Virions of IBV." In Coronaviruses, 123–28. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2996-5_20.

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Dalton, Kevin, Rosa Casais, Kathleen Shaw, Kathleen Stirrups, Sharon Evans, T. David K. Brown, Paul Britton, and Dave Cavanagh. "Sequences Required for Replication and Packaging of IBV RNA." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 553–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1325-4_81.

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Stirrups, Kathleen, Kathleen Shaw, Sharon Evans, Kevin Dalton, David Cavanagh, and Paul Britton. "Rescue of IBV D-RNA by Heterologous Helper Virus Strains." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 259–64. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5331-1_33.

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Tomley, Fiona, Matthew Binns, Mike Boursnell, and Adrian Mockett. "Expression of IBV Spike Protein by a Vaccinia Virus Recombinant." In Coronaviruses, 151–53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1280-2_17.

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Brierley, I., M. E. G. Boursnell, M. M. Binns, B. Bilimoria, N. J. Rolley, T. D. K. Brown, and S. C. Inglis. "Products of the Polymerase-Encoding Region of the Coronavirus IBV." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 275–81. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5823-7_38.

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Bonnefoy, L., J. F. Bouquet, J. P. Picault, and G. Chappuis. "Characterization of IBV Variant Strain PL 84084 Isolated in France." In Coronaviruses, 395–97. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2996-5_62.

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Penzes, Zoltan, Kefford W. Tibbles, Kathy Shaw, Paul Britton, T. David K. Brown, and David Cavanagh. "Generation of a Defective RNA of Avian Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV)." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 563–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1899-0_90.

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Dalton, Kevin, Z. Penzes, C. Wroe, K. Stirrups, S. Evans, K. Shaw, T. D. K. Brown, P. Britton, and D. Cavanagh. "Sequence Elements Involved in the Rescue of IBV Defective RNA CD-91." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 253–57. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5331-1_32.

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Shen, Shuo, and Ding Xiang Liu. "Characterization of Temperature-sensitive (ts) Mutants of Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV)." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 557–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1325-4_82.

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Conference papers on the topic "IBV"

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de Rossi, S., K. Kontogianni, D. Gompelmann, C. Heußel, FJF Herth, and R. Eberhardt. "Endoskopische Lungenvolumenreduktion mittels kombinierter Implantation von endobronchialen (EBV) und intrabronchialen (IBV) Ventilen." In 61. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin e.V. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3403125.

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Kontogianni, Konstantina, Arschang Valipour, Vasiliki Gerovasili, Daniela Gompelmann, Felix Jf Herth, and Ralf Eberhardt. "Efficacy and safety of the 9mm intrabronchial valves (IBV) in patients with advanced emphysema." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa4803.

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Burnett, Hugh S., Teresa Wilson, and Steven C. Springmeyer. "Continued Evaluation Of The Spiration IBV Valve System To Control Postoperative Air Leak - Case Report." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a2970.

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Morales Casas, Adrian, Jose Laparra, Nicolás Palomares, Carlos Atienza, and Lorenzo Solano-García. "Medical Devices Analysed from the Human Factors and Ergonomics in Engineering Design Point of View: Case Study." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001615.

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Here two real case studies of design and development with different grades of complexity are presented. A medical instrument prototype of a pneumatic retraction and holding system for surgical procedures and an electromedical device for non-invasive glucose measuring developed both from a TRL 4 to reach a TRL 7. The products were designed in the frame time of six months and fifteen months, respectively. The medical instrument was developed using a conventional Lean project and engineering design approach. Meanwhile, the electromedical device was created using Lean project management alongside a human-centred design and person-oriented innovation approaches. Based on the Lean approach, both products were built on a common ground project development path that the IBV follows. Besides, both projects had a common limiting factor, the need to meet a very demanding schedule of deadlines. The paper details the development stages followed in both products to compare how the human-centred design methods are integrated and could have been incorporated in the medical instrument case. Based on the Institute of Biomechanics’ (IBV) background in project management in the design, development and innovation of medical devices, this paper seeks to share applied knowledge on successfully implementing human factors plan and ergonomics in the engineering design process.
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ismail, heba, Timothy Albertson, and andrew chan. "Evaluation Of A Unique Approach In The Management Of Complicated Bronchopleural Fistulae Utilizing The Spiration IBV Valve System." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a2968.

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Latorre Sánchez, Consuelo, Juan Antonio Solves, Joaquín Sanchiz Navarro, Ricardo Bayona Salvador, Jose Laparra, Nicolás Palomares, and Jose Solaz. "Methodology Based on 3D Thermal Scanner and AI Integration to Model Thermal Comfort and Ergonomics." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001896.

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The current pandemic situation due to the appearance of the coronavirus-2 or SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has increased the demand and familiarization of the population with infrared cameras and their thermal interpretation. Infrared radiation and the technology behind it have become a necessity not only developing new applications for the present but also for the future. In the post-pandemic world, commercial solutions to existing problems are being developed with this technology and with very efficient approaches, reducing costs and complementing many areas.Institute of Biomechanics of Valencia (IBV) is constantly innovating in the field of infrared thermal imaging and its applications in the well-being of people through research, experimentation and user validation. 3D models have been developed merging anthropometric data and thermal information based on scanners, 3D reconstruction and imagen processing. Some of the algorithms for monitoring and reconstruction system are based on a FLIR A35 thermal camera and an INTEL RealSense D455 depth sensor, a low-cost, high-performance sensor.Artificial intelligence techniques applied to images, mainly in visible or RGB datasets, have undergone significant development in recent years, however there is a gap in the application in thermal images. The IBV has compiled a powerful database for years from many users, insulation in clothes, extreme scenarios and different poses and face orientations. Many networks, models and libraries of computer vision, have been explored and some AI techniques (machine and deep learning) have been applied to extract information from those images, although open solutions and networks do not work accurately. The thermal database has been used to retrain these network models and the results have been considerably better.Near real-time, low-cost 3D thermal reconstruction, with embedded AI techniques, has been applied in facemasks evaluation, face recognition, feature and key points extraction, segmentation and development of automatic thermal measure algorithms. From feature extraction and landmark information, aspects such as thermotype, age and sex, have been also determined, or even the effects of the emotions, rotations or artifacts like glasses, facemasks or beards on the identification of the user. IBV has a huge background in this technology and develops new innovative solutions in order to tackle with new challenges, from determining the effect a facemask has, in thermal comfort or breathing rate to helping physician to diagnose certain diseases, such as circulatory, vascular problems and the effect of therapies or cosmetic products. In this way, information on the thermoregulatory behavior of the human body is provided, allowing to relate changes in thermal maps, to certain pathologies or to the effect of a treatment, skin affections, varicose veins or joint injuries.
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Valero Martínez, Marta, Juan Manuel Belda Lois, Pau Natividad Vivó, Tomás Zamora Álvarez, and Rakel Poveda Puente. "Accesibilidad horizontal: conocer y conservar el patrimonio, cómo conjugar un derecho con una necesidad." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7527.

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Históricamente, las personas han tratado de adaptar el entorno a sus necesidades. Hoy en día, el diseñar adecuadamente un entorno implica tener en cuenta a todos los usuarios. Por ello, la accesibilidad ha pasado a ser una característica básica a tener en cuenta desde el inicio de cualquier proyecto, lo que introduce la cuestión de cómo intervenir el patrimonio histórico para hacerlo accesible, es decir, cómo plantear la intervención en monumentos, jardines históricos, hallazgos arqueológicos, etc., teniendo en cuenta que todas las personas tenemos derecho a acceder al patrimonio como una parte fundamental de nuestra propia cultura. A pesar de ello, muchos de los bienes patrimoniales presentan barreras importantes de acceso. Además, la posibilidad de actuación sobre estos bienes es limitada debido a las necesidades de conservación de los mismos como parte fundamental de la cultura. Combinar los conceptos de patrimonio y accesibilidad puede parecer contradictorio, debido a que el primero busca intervenciones mínimas mientras que el segundo requiere de intervenciones que eliminen las barreras de acceso con el fin de conseguir una accesibilidad integral. El reto radica en facilitar el acceso a los contenidos de los bienes patrimoniales por toda la población. Para ello, es necesario el desarrollo de metodología específica para hacer accesible el patrimonio y que tenga en cuenta sus características especiales y sus necesidades de conservación. Actualmente, el proyecto “PATRAC Patrimonio Accesible: I+D+i para una cultura sin barreras” (proyecto liderado por GEOCISA y LABEIN en el que participa el IBV con otros 22 socios) ha desarrollado esta metodología incluyendo un análisis de la diversidad funcional de la población española, un análisis de las barreras existentes en el patrimonio español, un análisis de los productos de apoyo que pueden facilitar la accesibilidad al patrimonio y, al mismo tiempo, se está abordando el desarrollo de productos específicos que permitan el acceso a la cultura de todos. Con el objetivo de desarrollar los productos y sistemas necesarios para garantizar un acceso seguro y confortable al monumento, de forma no discriminatoria, para todos los ciudadanos, y de forma compatible con el bien cultural y reversible, tanto en las fases de conservación, como en la de “explotación” del patrimonio existente. En este contexto el IBV está desarrollando junto con AZTECA y ACCIONA soluciones específicas para la accesibilidad horizontal consistentes en estructuras ligeras con pavimentos cerámicos que permitan la inclusión de elementos que aporten información y orientación sobre el bien patrimonial y con un impacto reducido. Este sistema mejoraría la accesibilidad a la vez que permitiría distinguir la intervención con respecto del original. Para la construcción de un pavimento cerámico sobre-elevado accesible se deben considerar los aspectos que deben satisfacer los pavimentos en cuanto a su seguridad, su accesibilidad, y las cargas asociadas al uso. Además, el producto resultante habrá de tener en cuenta los requisitos emocionales y funcionales de los usuarios. Este desarrollo se espera que tenga un gran impacto debido a que de esta forma se conseguirá el acceso al patrimonio de visitantes que hasta ahora han tenido grandes dificultades, permitiendo que disfruten del derecho de acceder a los bienes patrimoniales y teniendo también en cuenta las necesidades de conservación del bien patrimonial. Historically, people have tried to adapt the environment to their needs. Today to design adequately an environment it is required to keep on mind all the potential users. Therefore, accessibility has become a basic condition to consider from the very beginning of the any architectural project. So, access to heritage is a right for all the people as a fundamental part of its own culture, which poses the issue: how to intervene in built heritage to make it accessible, which includes monuments, historic gardens and archaeological sites without excessive disturbance. There are important barriers in many heritage sites. Besides, the possibilities for intervention in the heritage are limited due to the needs of conservation as an important part of the culture. The novelty to combine the concepts of heritage and accessibility at first may seem antithetical, because the first looks to preserve existing assets while the second tends to remove whatever is possible to achieve integral accessibility. The thread connecting both ideas is the usability of the property by the entire population. To do so, it is very important to have tools and methodologies to make accessible the heritage and to take into account their special characteristics and needs. Currently, the project "PATRAC Accessible Heritage: R & D for a culture without barriers" (project led by GEOCISA LABEIN and in which the IBV with 22 other partners) has developed a methodology including an analysis of the functional diversity of Spanish population, an analysis of existing barriers in the Spanish heritage, an analysis of the product support that can facilitate access to heritage and at the same time, it is addressing the development of specific products that enable access to heritage for all the people. The goal is to develop products and systems that ensure a safe and comfortable access to the heritage for all citizens, in a reversible way which ensures the compatibility with the cultural assets, in phases of conservation and exploitation of existing buildings. In this context, an example of how to improve horizontal access is the creation of specific floors, which are being developed by AZTECA, ACCIONA and IBV. The idea is to use an in-ground-present irregularities elevated walkways composite tile digitally printed with the original pavement and the proper signals. Such a system improves the accessibility of the path and at the same time allow distinguish the intervention from the original. For the construction of a ceramic surface on high-accessible areas, requirements regarding safety, accessibility and use loads of the pavement should be took in account. Moreover, the resulting product will have to take into account emotional and functional requirements of users. The impact is very high by the novelty of the topic of the project. The devices to be generated will enable to carry out visits without any difficulty for the part of users who today have the biggest problems for access to the property because of their condition. And it will take in account the conservation needs of the heritage as well.
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Duarte Mendoza, Juan Fernando, Daniel Iordanov-López, and Juan Manuel Belda Lois. "Estimación de los esfuerzos generados en el hombro por parte de trabajadores de la industria del automóvil mediante modelos biomecánicos de medidas in situ." In 11 Simposio CEA de Bioingeniería. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ceabioing.2019.10049.

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Los trabajos lineales en la industria del automóvil involucran riesgos derivados de tareas repetidas y posturas forzadas mantenidas en el tiempo. Si bien, varias son las plataformas y herramientas que intentan evaluar ergonómicamente los puestos de trabajo, como los software de valoración de riesgos REBA y ERGO/IBV, estas herramientas carecen de sensibilidad a la hora de determinar aspectos relacionados con el riesgo de la lesión. Esto ocurre especialmente cuando se introducen nuevas ayudas en los puestos de trabajo, distintas a los métodos habituales, que no están contempladas, como el uso de exoesqueletos. Es por ello que se presenta una metodología para estimar los esfuerzos musculares y articulares asociados al trabajo lineal. Evaluamos, ergo, a 10 trabajadores realizando su trabajo habitual en condiciones reales. Se utiliza un modelo de miembro superior implementado en OpenSim (Saul et al. 2015), al que se le introduce la dinámica de los movimientos medidos con sensores inerciales y con el registro de la señal muscular de cuatro músculos: cara anterior del deltoides, porción superior del trapecio, el erector espinal y el gran dorsal. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una buena consistencia entre las estimaciones musculares registradas y las estimadas por el modelo biomecánico. Estos resultados pueden sentar las bases prácticas para una valoración objetiva del riesgo en el puesto de trabajo con condiciones novedosas tal como el uso de exoesqueletos.
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Campbell, Rachel. "PTH-079 IBD vs IBS referral pathway : Outcomes from the IBD nurse led rapid access clinic." In British Society of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting, 17–20 June 2019, Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-bsgabstracts.138.

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Elbashir, Israa, Heba Al Khatib, and Hadi Yassine. "Replication Dynamics, Pathogenicity, and Evolution of Influenza Viruses in Intestinal Caco-2 Cells." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0166.

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Background: Influenza virus is a major cause of respiratory infections worldwide. Besides the common respiratory symptoms, namouras cases with gastrointestinal symptoms have been reported. Moreover, influenza virus has been detected in feces of up to 20.6 % of influenza-infected patients. Therefore, direct infection of intestinal cells with influenza virus is suspected; however, the mechanism of this infection has not been explored. AIM: To investigate influenza virus replication, cellular responses to infection, and virus evolution following serial infection in human Caucasian colon adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2 cells). Method: Two influenza A subtypes (A/H3N2 and A/H1N1pdm 09) and one influenza B virus (B/Yamagata) were serially passaged in Caco-2. Quantitative PCR was used to study hormones and cytokines expression following infection. Deep sequencing analysis of viral genome was used to assess the virus evolution. Results: The replication capacity of the three viruses was maintained throughout 12 passages, with H3N2 virus being the fastest in adaptation. The expression of hormone and cytokines in Caco-2 cells was considerably different between the viruses and among the passages, however, a pattern of induction was observed at the late phase of infection. Deep sequencing analysis revealed a few amino acid substitutions in the HA protein of H3N2 and H1N1 viruses, mostly in the antigenic site. Moreover, virus evolution at the quasispecies level based on HA protein revealed that H3N2 and H1N1 harbored more diverse virus populations when compared to IBV, indicating their higher evolution within Caco-2 cells. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate the possibility of influenza virus replication in intestinal cells. To further explain the gastrointestinal complications of influenza infections in-vivo experiments with different influenza viruses are needed.
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Reports on the topic "IBV"

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Gelb, Jr., Jack, Yoram Weisman, Brian Ladman, and Rosie Meir. Identification of Avian Infectious Brochitis Virus Variant Serotypes and Subtypes by PCR Product Cycle Sequencing for the Rational Selection of Effective Vaccines. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586470.bard.

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Objectives 1. Determine the serotypic identities of 40 recent IBV isolates from commercial chickens raised in the USA and Israel. 2. Sequence all IBV field isolates using PCR product cycle sequencing and analyze their S 1 sequence to detennine their homology to other strains in the Genbank and EMBL databases. 3. Select vaccinal strains with the highest S 1 sequence homology to the field isolates and perform challenge of immunity studies in chickens in laboratory trials to detennine level of protection afforded by the vaccines. Background Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a common, economically important disease of the chicken. IB occurs as a respiratory form, associated with airsacculitis, condemnation, and mortality of meat-type broilers, a reproductive form responsible for egg production losses in layers and breeders, and a renal form causing high mortality in broilers and pullets. The causative agent is avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Replication of the virus' RNA genome is error-prone and mutations commonly result. A major target for mutation is the gene encoding the spike (S) envelope protein used by the virus to attach and infect the host cell. Mutations in the S gene result in antigenic changes that can lead to the emergence of variant serotypes. The S gene is able to tolerate numerous mutations without compromising the virus' ability to replicate and cause disease. An end result of the virus' "flexibility" is that many strains of IBV are capable of existing in nature. Once formed, new mutant strains, often referred to as variants, are soon subjected to immunological selection so that only the most antigenically novel variants survive in poultry populations. Many novel antigenic variant serotypes and genotypes have been isolated from commercial poultry flocks. Identification of the field isolates of IBV responsible for outbreaks is critical for selecting the appropriate strain(s) for vaccination. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the Sl subunit of the envelope spike glycoprotein gene has been a common method used to identify field strains, replacing other time-consuming or less precise tests. Two PCR approaches have been used for identification, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct automated cycle sequence analysis of a diagnostically relevant hypervariab1e region were compared in our BARD research. Vaccination for IB, although practiced routinely in commercial flocks, is often not protective. Field isolates responsible for outbreaks may be unrelated to the strain(s) used in the vaccination program. However, vaccines may provide varying degrees of cross- protection vs. unrelated field strains so vaccination studies should be performed. Conclusions RFLP and S1 sequence analysis methods were successfully performed using the field isolates from the USA and Israel. Importantly, the S1 sequence analysis method enabled a direct comparison of the genotypes of the field strains by aligning them to sequences in public databases e.g. GenBank. Novel S1 gene sequences were identified in both USA and Israel IBVs but greater diversity was observed in the field isolates from the USA. One novel genotype, characterized in this project, Israel/720/99, is currently being considered for development as an inactivated vaccine. Vaccination with IBV strains in the US (Massachusetts, Arkansas, Delaware 072) or in Israel (Massachusetts, Holland strain) provided higher degrees of cross-protection vs. homologous than heterologous strain challenge. In many cases however, vaccination with two strains (only studies with US strains) produced reasonable cross-protection against heterologous field isolate challenge. Implications S1 sequence analysis provides numerical similarity values and phylogenetic information that can be useful, although by no means conclusive, in developing vaccine control strategies. Identification of many novel S1 genotypes of IBV in the USA is evidence that commercial flocks will be challenged today and in the future with strains unrelated to vaccines. In Israel, monitoring flocks for novel IBV field isolates should continue given the identification of Israel/720/99, and perhaps others in the future. Strains selected for vaccination of commercial flocks should induce cross- protection against unrelated genotypes. Using diverse genotypes for vaccination may result in immunity against unrelated field strains.
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Almasri, Shaddin. A Matter of Cash and Resilience: Lessons from a review of Oxfam's incentive-based volunteering programmes in Za'atari camp. Oxfam, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.7727.

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With limited job opportunities available to Syrian refugees living in Za’atari camp in Jordan, incentive-based volunteering (IBV) programmes remain one of the main sources of income for thousands of camp residents. A previous Effectiveness Review conducted by Oxfam on household income in Za’atari camp found that those engaged in IBV activities reported a 28% increase in their wealth between 2014 and 2018, as opposed to a 4% decline for those who were not engaged. Although IBV programmes are not a substitute for sustainable job opportunities, they play a vital role in injecting cash into the camp’s economy and improving the living conditions of Syrian refugees, and even more so during the lockdown due to COVID-19.
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WANG, Xuesong, Xuliang SHI, Jing LV, Juncha ZHANG, Yongli HUO, Guang ZUO, Guangtong LU, Cunzhi LIU, and Yanfen SHE. Acupuncture and Related Therapies for anxiety and depression in Diarrhoea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome(IBS-D): A Network Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0162.

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Review question / Objective: Acupuncture-related therapies are effective Diarrhoea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome(IBS-D), therefore, our aim was to evaluate and rank the effect of different acupuncture-related therapies for the anxiety-depression status of IBS-D patients. Eligibility criteria: The published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture-related therapies for the treatment of IBS-D, regardless of age and sex. Clear diagnostic criteria were required to confirm the diagnosis of IBS-D, Such as Rome I, Rome II, Rome III, Rome IV, and Chinese expert consensus. Interventions in the treatment group included various types of acupuncture-related therapies, including simple acupuncture (ACU), electroacupuncture (EA), warm acupuncture (WA), moxibustion (MOX), or a combination of acupuncture and drugs; the control group is anti-diarrheal or anti-spasmodic western medicine, or placebo, or comparison between various acupuncture-related therapies. The results of the report are required to include at least one of the following outcome indicators: (1) primary outcome: Hamilton anxiety rating scale( HAMA), hamilton depression rating scale(HAMD), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale(SDS), secondary outcome: Response rate. The language of the publication was limited to Chinese or English.
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Marshak, David. IBM WebSphere Portal. Boston, MA: Patricia Seybold Group, February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1571/pr2-13-03cc.

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Seybold, Patricia. IBM Acquires Venetica. Boston, MA: Patricia Seybold Group, September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1571/psgp9-17-04cc.

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Parsa, Z. Information on IBM 3090. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1118913.

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Ahrens, Toby, and Leslie Van der Meulen. Mixo-IBR BP1A Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1398771.

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Kramer, Mitch. IBM Watson Engagement Advisor. Boston, MA: Patricia Seybold Group, July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1571/pr07-10-14cc.

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Marshak, David. IBM Lotus Workplace Messaging. Boston, MA: Patricia Seybold Group, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1571/pr5-29-03cc.

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Kramer, Mitchell. IBM WebSphere Portal 5.1.0.1. Boston, MA: Patricia Seybold Group, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1571/pr8-4-05cc.

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