Journal articles: 'IAU'

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McCarthy, Dennis D. "IAG/IAU Symposium 128." Bulletin Géodésique 61, no. 1 (March 1987): 105–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02520425.

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Bennemann, Paulo Eduardo, Felipe Leonardo Koller, Mari Lourdes Bernardi, Ivo Wentz, and Fernando Pandolfo Bortolozzo. "Desempenho reprodutivo de fêmeas suínas submetidas à inseminação artificial intra-uterina ou à tradicional." Ciência Rural 37, no. 6 (December 2007): 1735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782007000600036.

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Foram utilizadas 298 fêmeas pluríparas Camborough 22® distribuídas em dois tratamentos: T1 (n=154), inseminação intra-uterina (IAU) com dose inseminante (DI) contendo 0,5 bilhão de espermatozóides em volume total de 20ml; e T2 (n=144), inseminação tradicional (IAT), com DI contendo 3,0 bilhões de espermatozóides em volume total de 90ml. Foi possível a realização da IAU em 98,1% das fêmeas. A presença de sangue na extremidade do cateter ou espiral da pipeta de IAU foi observada em 8,4% das fêmeas. As taxas de prenhez (TPr) e de parto ajustada não diferiram (P>0,05) entre a IAU e IAT. O tamanho da leitegada (TL) diferiu entre os tratamentos (P<0,05), sendo observada redução de 0,8 leitão na IAU. A presença de sangue na IAU não afetou a TPr significativamente, mas reduziu o TL em 2,6 leitões.

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Capitaine, Nicole, Jan Vondráak, and James L. Hilton. "Joint Discussion 16 Nomenclature, precession and new models in fundamental astronomy." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, no. 14 (August 2006): 457–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307011337.

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The IAU Joint Discussion 16 was held at the IAU XXVI General Assembly in Prague, in August 2006. The title of the meeting was Nomenclature, Precession and new models in Fundamental Astronomy. Applications and scientific contribution to astronomy. It was organized by IAU Division I (Fundamental Astronomy) and Commission 19 (Earth Rotation), with the participation of IAU Division, X (Radio Astronomy) and all the Division, I Commissions, as well as with the support of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). The Scientific Organizing Committee was made up of the three organizers and the representatives of these scientific bodies.

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Huang, Chengli, Richard Gross, Florian Seitz, Harald Schuh, Christian Bizouard, Ben Chao, Wieslaw Kosek, et al. "DIVISION A COMMISSION 19: ROTATION OF THE EARTH." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, T29A (August 2015): 60–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316000636.

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AbstractThe activities and some research progress of IAU Commission 19 (C19) - Rotation of the Earth - in the past triennial term (2012-2015) is reported in this paper, including the scientific session and business meeting of C19, as well as a business meeting of the IAU/IAG Joint Working Group of “Theory of Earth Rotation” (JWG_ThER) during the XXIX IAU General Assembly in Hawaii, USA. Three reports of JWG_ThER progress, IERS and IAG, eleven reports of national projects and individual institutions, a short summary of the history and heritage of C19, and an Overview of the status and outlook of new Commission A2 are also presented.

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Archinal, Brent A., P. Kenneth Seidelmann, Michael F. A'Hearn, Edward L. Bowell, Albert R. Conrad, Guy J. Consolmagno, Dale P. Cruikshank, et al. "DIVISION I-III / WORKING GROUP CARTOGRAPHIC COORDINATES AND ROTATIONAL ELEMENTS." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, T27A (December 2008): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308025325.

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The IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates & Rotational Elements published its (2006) triennial report containing current recommendations for models for solar system bodies (Seidelmann et al. 2007). P. Kenneth Seidelmann stepped down as chairperson and B. A. Archinal was elected chairperson at the Working Group business meeting that took place at the IAU XXVI General Assembly in Prague in 2006.

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Brzezinski, Aleksander, Chopo Ma, Véronique Dehant, Pascale Defraigne, Jean O. Dickey, Cheng-Li Huang, Jean Souchay, et al. "COMMISSION 19: ROTATION OF THE EARTH." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, T27A (December 2008): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308025271.

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The Commission supports and coordinates scientific investigations in the Earth rotation and related reference frames. Several changes had been introduced to the structure of Commission 19 since the IAU XXVI General Assembly in Prague, 2006. The Organizing Committee of Commission 19 has been substantially reduced. It consists now of six ex-officio members, the Commission president, vice-president, past president and representatives from the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS), International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS), and five members at-large who are nominated by the OC, selected by the Commission members and elected by the IAU GA for a maximum of two terms. The modified terms of reference of Commission 19, the list of members and other details can be found at the Commission website <iau-comm19.cbk.waw.pl/>.

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Mickaelian, Areg M. "The history of IAU Symposia." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 401–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000528.

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AbstractThe history of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) meetings goes back to 1922 when the first IAU General Assembly (GA) was held in Rome, Italy, following the IAU creation in 1919. However, until 1953, no individual symposia were organized and the GAs were the only official gatherings for astronomers. All together, eight IAU GAs were held during 1922–1952. The IAU Symposium 1 was held in 1953 in Groningen, Netherlands. Starting with 1955, several IAU symposia were regularly held in different places, and since 1959, the IAU also began to organize colloquia to discuss relatively smaller topics. Twenty IAU colloquia numbered as I–XX were held in the period 1959–1971, and another series of IAU colloquia was organized in 1968–2005, numbered as Nos. 1–200. At present IAU symposia are the only official scientific meetings, nine of them being organized every year. IAU S349 “Under One Sky: the IAU Centenary Symposium”, held in Vienna during the IAU GA XXX, was the last one by number in 2018. Thus, the IAU has a 65-year history of symposia and all together 348 such meetings have been held, on average 5–6 annually. At present most of the IAU symposia during the years of GA are being organized in the framework of the GA, there being typically six symposia during each GA. All together, 31 IAU GA have been organized during the years 1922–2018, including 30 regular ones and one Extraordinary GA (1973 in Warsaw, Poland), typically once every three years. Since 1974, the IAU has also organized regional meetings in Europe, Asia and Pacific (APRIM), Latin America (LARIM), and the Middle East and Africa (MEARIM). The European ones were discontinued in 1990 after the creation of the European Astronomical Society (EAS) and the organization of the yearly JENAM/EWASS. The 348 IAU symposia have been organized in 43 countries. We give the statistics of all IAU symposia by year of organization, by various topics of astronomy and astrophysics, and by host countries and cities.

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Wayman, P. A. "IAU announcement." Astrophysics and Space Science 167, no. 1 (1990): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00642074.

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Seidelmann, P. K. "Possible Features of IAU Standards." Highlights of Astronomy 9 (1992): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600008881.

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In the past, the IAU has adopted standard values for some constants, primarily for use with solar system ephemerides. The constants adopted in 1976 were specifically adjusted to provide internal consistency. In each case, when constants have been adopted, the changes have reflected accuracy improvements, and the purpose has been to encourage the accomplishment of better science.Over the past 12 years, the Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates has issued triennial reports giving the best values for the sizes and rotations for the planets and satellites. This working group now is an IAU/IAG/COSPAR working group reflecting the different organizations that have recognized the benefits of this group. This is an example of a properly functioning working group, which provides the best values on a regular basis. The IUGG also provides best estimates triennially for values of interest in geodesy and geodynamics.

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Williams, Robert. "CHAPTER II: TWENTY EIGHTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY BUSINESS SESSIONS." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, T28B (August 2013): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921315005438.

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The President of the IAU, Prof. Robert Williams, welcomed the delegates and members to this first business session of the General Assembly. The President invited the General Secretary, Dr. Ian Corbett, to start the business session.

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Williams, Robert. "CHAPTER II: TWENTY EIGHTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY BUSINESS SESSIONS." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, T28B (August 2013): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131500544x.

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The President of the IAU, Prof. Robert Williams, welcomed the delegates and members to this first business session of the General Assembly. The President invited the General Secretary, Dr. Ian Corbett, to start the business session.

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Wielen, Roland. "Germany’s difficulties in becoming a member of the International Astronomical Union." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000322.

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AbstractAfter the foundation of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), it took nearly 32 years until Germany became a national member of the IAU. This unfortunate delay was due to both international politics and discussions within Germany (e.g. about the future role of the Astronomische Gesellschaft). The first Statutes of the IAU of 1919 excluded Germany, Austria and other countries from membership for political reasons. When the IAU Statutes were revised in 1931, Germany’s membership was possible, but could not be realized because of financial problems. In the mean time, German astronomers (as individuals) were often able to attend General Assemblies of the IAU as invited participants and to work in IAU Commissions as members. After World War II, Germany became a member of the IAU in 1951, Austria in 1955. In 1962, East Germany was accepted as an additional member. The reunification of Germany in 1990 clarified this situation. Member of the IAU is now one unified Germany.

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Pecker, Jean-Claude. "With the IAU and inside the IAU since 1946." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000188.

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AbstractIn this presentation the author narrates some key episodes of his life of serving the IAU for more than seventy years.Astronomy, more than most sciences, requires an international collaboration. It is the duty of the IAU to insure, between astronomers of the whole world, scientific and human relations. Less than 1,000 astronomers at the time (1946) of my first papers, more than 10,000 today: this means many international collaborations, and many faithful friendships, through several General Assemblies, and many Symposia and Colloquia. To the young astronomers, I must only wish : Cheer up !Not being able to participate to the XXXth General Assembly in Vienna, the author sent a video presentation (available on the Vienna GA web site), and also provided a spoken text (in French) that was rendered in written form by a voice-to-text software. This text, a recollection of the author’s life “inside the IAU”, was then translated and formatted by Chris Sterken. The English version follows; the original French text is included as an Appendix.

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Mickaelian, Areg M. "60 years of IAU symposia." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 9, S304 (October 2013): 432–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314004529.

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The history of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) meetings goes back to 1922 when the IAU I General Assembly (GA) was held in Rome, Italy, following the IAU creation in 1919. However, until 1953, no individual symposia were organized and GA was the only official gathering for astronomers. Altogether, 8 IAU GA were held during 1922–1952.

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Luzum, Brian J., Nicole Capitaine, Agnès Fienga, William M. Folkner, Toshio Fukushima, James L. Hilton, Catherine Y. Hohenkerk, et al. "DIVISION I / WORKING GROUP NUMERICAL STANDARDS OF FUNDAMENTAL ASTRONOMY." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, T27A (December 2008): 60–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308025301.

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The IAU Working Group (WG) onNumerical Standards for Fundamental Astronomyhas been tasked with updating the IAU Current Best Estimates (CBEs), conforming with the IAU Resolutions, IERS Conventions and Système International d'Unités whenever possible. As part of its effort to achieve this, the WG is working in close cooperation with IAU Commissions 4 and 52, the IERS, and the BIPM Consultative Committee for Units.

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Lane, J. "IAU General Assembly." Astronomy & Geophysics 43, no. 6 (December 1, 2002): 6.4—c—6.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/astrog/43.6.6.4-c.

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Engvold, Oddbjørn. "The IAU Role." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, S236 (August 2006): 467–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307003596.

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One knows currently close to 850 Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs) with diameters 1 km and larger, and one estimates that there may be of the order of 100 000 NEAs with diameters exceeding 140 m. Land and water impacts of NEAs with diameters between 100 m and 500 m will cause major damages.

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Gustafsson, B., K. Kodaira, D. F. Gray, A. G. Hearn, W. Kalkofen, R. P. Kudritski, D. Mihalas, et al. "Commission 36: Theory of Stellar Atmospheres." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 19, no. 1 (1985): 503–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00006556.

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Commission 36 acts as a sponsor or co-sponsor at the following symposi and colloquia: IAU Colloquium No. 90 “Upper Main Sequence Stars with Anomalous Abundances”, Crima, USSR (May 1985), IAU Colloquium No. 89 “Radiation Hydrodynamics in Stars and Compact Objects”, Copenhagen, Denmark (June 1985), IAU Symposium No. 120 “Astrochemistry”, Goa, India (December 1985), IAU Colloquium No. 87 “Hydrogen Deficient Stars and Related Objects”, Bangalore, India (December 1985).

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Ham, Yoo-Geun, Hyo-Jong Song, Jaehee Jung, and Gyu-Ho Lim. "Development of the Nonstationary Incremental Analysis Update Algorithm for Sequential Data Assimilation System." Advances in Meteorology 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4305204.

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This study introduces a modified version of the incremental analysis updates (IAU), called the nonstationary IAU (NIAU) method, to improve the assimilation accuracy of the IAU while keeping the continuity of the analysis. Similar to the IAU, the NIAU is designed to add analysis increments at every model time step to improve the continuity in the intermittent data assimilation. However, unlike the IAU, the NIAU procedure uses time-evolved forcing using the forward operator as corrections to the model. The solution of the NIAU is superior to that of the forward IAU, of which analysis is performed at the beginning of the time window for adding the IAU forcing, in terms of the accuracy of the analysis field. It is because, in the linear systems, the NIAU solution equals that in an intermittent data assimilation method at the end of the assimilation interval. To have the filtering property in the NIAU, a forward operator to propagate the increment is reconstructed with only dominant singular vectors. An illustration of those advantages of the NIAU is given using the simple 40-variable Lorenz model.

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Ekers, Ron. "The Prague IAU General Assembly, Pluto and the IAU processes." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000115.

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AbstractAt the Sydney IAU General Assembly (GA) the statutes were modified to remove the votes by individual members. Few noticed this at the time but the subsequent reaction by disenfranchised members led us to revise this position in Prague. The need to have a members’ vote on the status of Pluto was complicated by these changes and the drama behind the scene at the Prague GA where the planet definition was resolved is not well known despite the huge public impact of this GA. I will describe some of the activities of the executive and its working groups during this very exciting GA. The IAU structures served us well during this process but of course there were also many lessons learned.

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Schuh, Harald, Chengli Huang, Florian Seitz, Aleksander Brzezinski, Christian Bizouard, Ben Chao, Richard Gross, et al. "DIVISION I: COMMISSION 19: ROTATION OF THE EARTH." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, T28B (August 2013): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921315005517.

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During the XXVIII IAU General Assembly in Beijing IAU Commission 19 - Rotation of the Earth - held a business meeting and a scientific meeting. The business meeting was held on Wednesday, 29 August 2012 during session 1 (08:30-10:00). It was attended by about 35 participants, and six reports were given. First the activities of IAU Commission 19 during the past triennium (2009–2012) were highlighted by the Commission president. Afterwards, the Commission secretary presented the results of the elections for the next triennium (2012–2015) and a list of new members of the Commission. The designated Commission president provided an outlook into the next triennium, before the representatives of the international bodies and services IAG (International Association of Geodesy), IVS (International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry), and IERS (International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service) gave reports about recent activities. A summary of the business meeting is given below in Section 2. The scientific meeting was held on Thursday, 20 August 2012 during sessions 1 and 2 (08:30-12:30). Eleven presentations were given, and about 40 participants attended the sessions. Summaries of the presentations are provided below in Section 3.

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Samus, N. N., H. Yamaoka, A. C. Gilmore, K. Aksnes, D. W. E. Green, B. G. Marsden, S. Nakano, et al. "DIVISION XII: COMMISSION 6: ASTRONOMICAL TELEGRAMS." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, T28B (August 2013): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131500561x.

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IAU Commission 6 “Astronomical Telegrams” had a single business meeting during the Beijing General Assembly of the IAU. It took place on Friday, August 24, 2012. The meeting was attended by five C6 members (N. N. Samus; D. W. E. Green; S. Nakano; J. Ticha; and H. Yamaoka). Also present was Prof. F. Genova as a representative of the IAU Division B. She told the audience about the current restructuring of IAU Commissions and Divisions and consequences for the future of C6.

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Petit, G. "Report of the BIPM/IAU Joint Committee on Relativity for Space-Time Reference Systems and Metrology." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 180 (March 2000): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100000403.

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AbstractThe BIPM/IAU Joint Committee on relativity for space-time reference systems and metrology (JCR) has worked in collaboration with the IAU Working Group on relativity for celestial mechanics and astrometry (RCMA) on the problems of astronomical relativistic space-time reference frames and the RCMA has proposed to the IAU a consistent framework for defining the barycentric and geocentric celestial reference systems at the first post-Newtonian level. Because new clock technology and space missions will necessitate the application of this framework for time and frequency measurements in the solar system, practical resolutions are proposed by the JCR to the IAU to allow a consistent treatment of these measurements. The paper outlines the conclusions of the work which resulted in the proposed IAU resolutions.

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Dick, Wolfgang R. "Publications of the International Astronomical Union as biographical sources." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000577.

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AbstractPublications of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), such as Proceedings of IAU Symposia and Colloquia, contain biographical notes and papers as well as obituaries. Of great value are also the death announcements in the IAU Information Bulletins that contain the only biographical data known for about 200 astronomers. The kind of data given in these announcements varied over time. References to these data can be found in the Biographical Index of Astronomy. Recently the printed announcements were replaced by entries in the on-line IAU membership database.

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Cram, Lawrence, Beatriz Barbuy, Michele Gerbaldi, David Lambert, Roberto Pallavicini, Jean-Paul Zahn, and Hans Zinnecker. "Division IV: Stars: (Etoiles)." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, no. 1 (2000): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00002832.

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Division IV organises astronomers studying the characterisation, interior and atmospheric structure, and evolution of stars of all masses, ages, and chemical compositions. The Executive Committee of the Division comprises the Presidents of the Five Commissions of the Division, and the Past Division President.One of the main tasks of the Division is to advise the Executive Committee of the IAU on meetings proposed by members of the IAU. Members wishing to seek IAU support for proposed scientific meetings should follow the IAU rules for such meetings.

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Cunha, Katia, David R. Soderblom, Nikolai Piskunov, Wako Aoki, Martin Asplund, Kenneth G. Carpenter, Paul Crowther, et al. "Highlights of IAU Commission 29: Recent Advances and Perspectives on Stellar Spectroscopy." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, T29A (August 2015): 428–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316000892.

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IAU Commission 29 - Stellar Spectra has been one of the IAU commissions from the onset, until its dissolution at the most recent IAU General Assembly in Honolulu in 2015. This commission belonged to IAU Division G (“Stars and Stellar Physics”), the latter committed with fostering research in stellar astrophysics. Within the general field of stellar astrophysics, stellar spectroscopy plays a key role, as stellar spectra are a powerful tool providing a view into the detailed physical properties of stars and the physical processes occuring within them.

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Kaifu, Norio. "IAU Regions and Regional Astronomy." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000139.

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AbstractContinuous regional cooperation is efficient and constructive for long-term development of astronomy, as clearly shown by the great success of ESO in the European Region. The IAU does not formally define its Regions, however they are becoming clear through the Regional Meetings during recent decades. We present some statistics and considerations about five IAU Regions, based on the temporarily assumed geographical distribution of IAU National Members. For further growth of IAU and worldwide astronomy, the role of Asian Pacific, Lain American, and Mid-East & African Regions is essentially important. We can identify three groups; “Super”, “Advanced”, and “Developing” groups of IAU National Members based on the rate of IAU Individual Member per population in each of the National Members. This rate, identical to the number of astronomer per head of population, can be regarded as an indicator of the “strength” of astronomy in each of the NMs, while the number of Individual Members indicates the “size” of astronomical research. We find that the distribution of this rate shows clear differences from Region to Region. Based on this analysis, we propose planning within IAU National Members, each Region and the EC so as to grow from a “Developed” group to an “Advanced” group, as well as to increase the number of NMs. The IAU should encourage and support those efforts by National Members and Regions through the platform of Regional Meetings, the OAD and other possible strategic programmes.

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Mallik, D. C. V. "India’s participation in IAU over the years." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000334.

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AbstractIndia was still a British colony when the International Astronomical Union was born in 1919. India did not have a national science academy nor a national research council at the time. The Royal Society, London, which was the adhering body of Great Britain to IAU, handled matters of the colony too. India formally joined the IAU in 1948 as an independent nation through an initiative taken by the Government of India. In 1968, the National Institute of Sciences of India (NISI) became the adhering organisation to the IAU, as did the other affiliate Unions of ICSU. Soon after, its name was changed to Indian National Science Academy (INSA).Till the nineteen-sixties, individual Indian membership in the IAU grew rather tardily but the situation changed with the rapid growth of astronomical activities in the country. In 1967, M.K. Vainu Bappu, the then Director of the Kodaikanal Observatory, was elected a Vice-President of the Union. In 1979, he was elected the President of IAU for the triennium 1979–1982, and during the same period, V. Radhakrishnan and Govind Swarup were elected Presidents respectively of the Commisions 34 and 40. In 1985, the General Assembly of the Union was held in New Delhi. It was dedicated to the memory of Vainu Bappu who had initiated the process of inviting the Union to hold its GA in India. A few years later the Sixth Asian-Pacific Regional IAU Meeting was held in Pune. A number of IAU symposia and colloquia have also been held in the country. During the last three decades, the engagement of the Indian astronomers with IAU has increased a great deal with a large number of them taking on important official roles in the IAU. Currently, India has close to 300 individual members.

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Troche-Boggino, Alexis E. "Experience in Developing an Astronomy Program in Paraguay." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, no. 3 (2001): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00000444.

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AbstractEncouraging IAU-ISYA schools were held in Argentina (1974) and Brazil (1977 and 1995). Contacts with IAU Commission 46 were soon established and the author became the responsible person for setting up a supporting framework for astronomy in Paraguay. A proposal for an IAU-VLP program was made and the program began in 1988, running until 1994. The IAU Traveling Telescope and another telescope were borrowed for hands-on astronomy. Three students went to the Brazil ISYA in 1995 and two others began to work as astronomers abroad. Others became high-school and university instructors. A small library was opened, thanks to donations from IAU members. The need to find jobs for these young astronomers led to the further development of an Astronomy Center around the National Astronomical Observatroy.

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Salama, Farid, Lyudmila Mashonkina, and Steve Federman. "FM12: A Focus Meeting on Bridging Laboratory Astrophysics and Astronomy." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29A (August 2015): 282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316003057.

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Laboratory astrophysics is the Rosetta stone that enables astronomers to understand and interpret the cosmos. The IAU Commission 14, the predecessor of the new IAU Laboratory Astrophysics Commission C. B5 and the AAS Laboratory Astrophysics Division (LAD) decided to coordinate their efforts this summer to hold a joint meeting at the IAU General Assembly.

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Capitaine, Nicole, Alexandre H. Andrei, Mark R. Calabretta, Véronique Dehant, Toshio Fukushima, Bernard R. Guinot, Catherine Y. Hohenkerk, et al. "DIVISION I / WORKING GROUP NOMENCLATURE FOR FUNDAMENTAL ASTRONOMY." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, T26B (December 2007): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308023685.

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The IAU Division I Working Group onNomenclature for Fundamental Astronomy(NFA) was established by the IAU XXV General Assembly with the task of providing proposals for new nomenclature associated with the implementation of the IAU XXIV GA resolutions (2000) and to make related educational efforts for bringing the issue to the notice of scientists in the community.

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Gerbaldi, Michèle, Jean-Pierre De Greve, Michal Dovčiak, Oddbjørn Engvold, Edward F. Guinan, John B. Hearnshaw, Melanie Johnston-Hollitt, et al. "EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE WORKING GROUP YOUNG ASTRONOMERS EVENTS." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, T26B (December 2007): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308024277.

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At the IAU XXV General Assembly in Sydney, 2003, a questionnaire on the perception of participation of “young astronomers” at IAU meeting was distributed. Following the conclusions from the analysis of this questionnaire, the IAU EC recommended in 2004 that the “young astronomers” concept at the next GA in Prague should be worked out with specific activities.

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Chinnici, Ileana, Brenda G. Corbin, Suzanne V. Débarbat, Daniel W. E. Green, Lee Jung-Bok, Oscar T. Matsuura, Wayne Orchiston, Adam Perkins, and Irakli A. Simonia. "DIVISION XII / COMMISSION 41 / WORKING GROUP ARCHIVES." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, T27A (December 2008): 420–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308025982.

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The Working Group Archives deals with all aspects of the identification and preservation of astronomical archives. In 2009 the IAU will celebrate its 90th anniversary, and on this occasion the WG is taking action toward preserving the archival materials related with the history of IAU. An institution must keep memory of its own past and, as the centenary of IAU is approaching, for the 2006-2009 triennium the WG Archives has started evaluating the archival collections related to the establishment of IAU, in order to check their extent and the current conditions of preservation and conservation of such documents.

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Boss, Alan, Alain Lecavelier des Etangs, Michel Mayor, Peter Bodenheimer, Andrew Collier-Cameron, Eiichiro Kokubo, Rosemary Mardling, Dante Minniti, and Didier Queloz. "COMMISSION 53: EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, T27B (May 14, 2010): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310004990.

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Commission 53 met in August 12, 2009. Outgoing President Michel Mayor chaired the meeting, and there were several dozen members present, including incoming President Alan Boss, incoming Vice President Alain Lecavelier des Etangs. Commission 53 (C53) was founded at the 2006 Prague General Assembly of the IAU. After a period of 6 years, C53 will come up for renewal at the 2012 IAU General Assembly in Beijing, China. For the moment, more than 150 IAU members have asked to be members of C53 and few dozen non-IAU members having asked to be informed of the commission activity.

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Fukushima, T. "Report of the IAU WGAS Sub-group on Standard Procedures." Highlights of Astronomy 10 (1995): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s153929960001090x.

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The given mission of the subgroup on Standard Procedures (SGSP) of IAUWGon Astronomical Standards (IAU/WGAS) is to prepare report “on standard procedures needed in fundamental astronomy, which a) should have a maximum degree of compatibility with the IERS Standards, b) should include the implementations of procedures in the form of tested software and/or test cases, c) should be available not only in written form, but also in machine-readable form” as described in the third item of Recommendation VIII of the IAU Resolution A4 (1991). After some general discussions, in 1992 we issued a questionnaire on the image and mechanism on the supposed set of standard procedures (IAU/WGAS Circulrar 51.2.1) and sent it to over 200 scientists in the world. Within a few months, 16 answers were sent back. The detailed answers and the questionnaire was distributed (IAU/WGAS Circular 54.2.1). As a simulation of supposed mechanism, in 1993 we did a test campaign to collect computational procedure(s) to compute the present IAU precession formula (Lieske et al., 1979) in FORTRAN (IAU/WGAS Circular 59.2.1). Within a few months, 5 submissions from 5 countires (Japan, China, USA, Russia, and UK) reached. The analysis of submitted routines was circulated (IAU/WGAS Circular 65.2.1). Based on these responses, we concluded that the establishment of a mechanism to provide such procedures to the community of astronomy is quite useful. To realize this, we will recommend some action items to the IAU as is described in the next Section. Its main purpose is to establish a mechanism by the combination of a comiittee of board and a center, which are to operate within a year after the recommendations are adopted by the IAU. Section 3 will describe some guidelines for the committee and center to perform the tasks to create and maintain standard procedures. Of course, these are to be consulted if necessary and are not to restrict or regulate the activity of the committee and the center.

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Shimose, Ken-ichi, Shingo Shimizu, Ryohei Kato, and Koyuru Iwanami. "Analysis of the 6 September 2015 Tornadic Storm Around the Tokyo Metropolitan Area Using Coupled 3DVAR and Incremental Analysis Updates." Journal of Disaster Research 12, no. 5 (September 27, 2017): 956–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2017.p0956.

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This study reports preliminary results from the three-dimensional variational method (3DVAR) with incremental analysis updates (IAU) of the surface wind field, which is suitable for real-time processing. In this study, 3DVAR with IAU was calculated for the case of a tornadic storm using 500-m horizontal grid spacing with updates every 10 min, for 6 h. Radial velocity observations by eight X-band multi-parameter Doppler radars and three Doppler lidars around the Tokyo Metropolitan area, Japan, were used for the analysis. In this study, three types of analyses were performed between 1800 to 2400 LST (local standard time: UTC + 9 h) 6 September 2015. The first used only 3DVAR (3DVAR), the second used 3DVAR with IAU (3DVAR+IAU), and the third analysis did not use data assimilation (CNTL). 3DVAR+IAU showed the best accuracy of the three analyses, and 3DVAR alone showed the worst accuracy, even though the background was updated every 10 min. Sharp spike signals were observed in the time series of wind speed at 10 m AGL, analyzed by 3DVAR, strongly suggesting that a “shock” was caused by dynamic imbalance due to the instantaneous addition of analysis increments to the background wind components. The spike signal was not shown in 3DVAR+IAU analysis, therefore, we suggest that the IAU method reduces the shock caused by the addition of analysis increments. This study provides useful information on the most suitable DA method for the real-time analysis of surface wind fields.

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Montmerle, Thierry. "The IAU, from New Worlds to Exoworlds: recollections of a mandate." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 90–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000176.

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AbstractThis paper presents my own recollections of the difficult relations that existed between the IAU and a fraction of the public, especially in the USA, following the IAU decision to reclassify Pluto as a dwarf planet at the 2006 General Assembly in Prague, and which ultimately led the IAU to organize the NameExoWorlds international contest to give public names to selected exoplanets and their host stars. In spite of the success of the International Year of Astronomy in 2009, the Pluto controversy continued, and its consequences climaxed during my term (2012-2015), as NASA’s New Horizons probe approached Pluto for a flyby just before the 2015 General Assembly in Honolulu. It was during this period that the IAU launched the NameExoWorlds contest, which also came to a conclusion in Honolulu after over half a million votes were cast from all over the world. While the inside story of how the contest was organized has appeared elsewhere, here I focus on the historical and sociological context that made Pluto such a sensitive issue, especially in the USA, explaining why this contest generated another controversy between the IAU and the New Horizons team. However, after the world-wide success of NameExoWorlds, the IAU and the New Horizons team eventually reached an agreement on finalizing the characterization and names of a number of newly discovered Pluto and Charon surface features (an on-going process), while a new edition of NameExoWorlds is in preparation for the IAU centennial in 2019.

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Christensen, Lars Lindberg. "EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESS OFFICE." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, T27A (December 2008): 465–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308026082.

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While expecting a huge increase of interest in the IAU as a result of the planet definition issue on the agenda of the IAU XXVI General Assembly, Prague, Czech Republic, August 2006, the Executive Committee appointed Lars Lindberg Christensen as Press Officer in June 2006. He will stay on the job till at least the IAU XXVII General Assembly in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, August 2009.

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Russo, Pedro, and Edward Gomez. "IAU Office of Astronomy for Development: Task Force Children and School Education." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, H16 (August 2012): 545–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314012034.

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AbstractThe main mission of the IAU OAD Task Force on Children and School Education is to support the implementation of the pre-tertiary education part of the IAU Strategic Plan ‘Astronomy for Development’. In this presentation we will give an overview of the role and programme of the task force as well as a general discussion about the past, present and future IAU education activities and programmes.

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40

Tzioumis, Tasso, Willem Baan, Darrel Emerson, Masatoshi Ohishi, Tomas Gergely, Rick Fisher, John Ponsoby, et al. "DIVISION X WORKING GROUP on RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE MITIGATION." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, T27B (May 14, 2010): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310005260.

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The IAU Working Group on Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Mitigation was setup in the 2000 IAU GA in Manchester and its mandate was renewed at subsequent IAU GAs in 2003 and 2006. It was noted that that there are important issues related to RFI mitigation that extend beyond the regulatory function of IUCAF, and hence a more extended working group, which may include IUCAF members, was established.

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41

Hohenkerk, Catherine Y. "Implementation of the new nomenclature in The Astronomical Almanac." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, no. 14 (August 2006): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307011507.

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Lee, Mi-Seon, Ying-Hwa Kuo, Dale M. Barker, and Eunha Lim. "Incremental Analysis Updates Initialization Technique Applied to 10-km MM5 and MM5 3DVAR." Monthly Weather Review 134, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 1389–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3129.1.

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Abstract An incremental analysis updates (IAU) technique is implemented for 3-h updates of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) and model system with a 10-km resolution to remove spurious gravity waves. By gradually incorporating analysis increments, IAU affects only the removal of high frequencies, leaving the waves related to diurnal processes. IAU appears to be efficient in reducing the moisture spinup problem in the MM5 3DVAR cycling system. The advantage of the IAU is the most significant in improving precipitation forecasts. Rapid update cycle (RUC) with 1- and 2-h intervals in conjunction with the IAU indicates a rapid minimization and less spinup and -down problems because of greater balancing between the moisture and dynamic variables. Impact studies are performed on a heavy rainfall case that occurred in the Korean Peninsula. Verification results with a 3-h cycling system are presented on operational environments.

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Heap, Sara R., Christian Henkel, Myungshin Im, Lex Kaper, Rene A. Méndez Bussard, Helmut O. Rucker, Nikolay N. Samus, and Ramotholo R. Sefako. "CHAPTER VIII: NEW MEMBERS AND DECEASED MEMBERS AT THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, T29B (August 2015): 121–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921318004039.

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Activities started in early 2015. Individuals applying for nomination for IAU Individual Membership should have contacted their NCA or Adhering Organization before December 1, 2014. The deadline for approved nominations for Individual Members to be submitted to the IAU Secretariat by NCAs or Adhering Organizations was February 3, 2015. Therefore, the focus of this report are the last months prior to the IAU XXIX General Assembly (August 2015) in Honolulu.

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44

Molaro, Paolo, and Elisabeth Vangioni. "IAU Joint Discussion 9: Are the Fundamental Constants Varying in Space-time?" Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, H15 (November 2009): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310009397.

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The Joint Discussion on the variability of fundamental constants within the IAU GA 2009 was organized with the coordination of the IAU Division VIII Galaxies & the Universe and the support of IAU Commissions N. 47 Cosmology, N. 52 Relativity in Fundamental Astronomy, N.40 Radio Astronomy and N. 30 Radial velocities. The JD provided a timely opportunity to confront different points of view on this rather exciting subject.

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Drossart, Pierre, Françoise Roques, Cyril Birnbaum, René Boyer, and Eliane Neyvoz. "Base de Données d’Images Planétaires (BDIP): One Century of Planetary Images: 1870-1977." Highlights of Astronomy 12 (2002): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600014519.

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The digitization of the planetary database of IAU has been performed, to give access to historical data in digital format. The database is constituted from the planetary photograph center collections, which was organized in 1961 at the request of the IAU (IAU conferences; Last reference: 1979, IAU Trans., XVIIA, 109). From this collection, 8473 images have been digitalized and are now accessible on line in a compressed format at the Web address: http://bdipwww.obspm.fr. The catalog information, including date and time of observations, and geometric configuration is completed for Jupiter and Saturn. The database contains plates recorded between 1870 and 1977:Jupiter: 2715 imagesSaturn: 357 imagesMars: 4661 imagesVenus: 835 imagesMercury: 105 images

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46

Lieske, J. H. "IAU North Poles and Rotation Parameters for Natural Satellites." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 156 (1993): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900173498.

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In 1970 the IAU defined any object'snorthpole to be that axis of rotation which lies north of the solar system's invariable plane. A competing definition in widespread use at some institutions followed the “right hand rule” whereby the “north” axis of rotation was generally said to be that that of the rotational angular momentum.A Working Group has periodically updated the recommended values of planet and satellite poles and rotation rates in accordance with the IAU definition of north and the IAU definition of prime meridian.In this paper we review the IAU definitions ofnorthand of the location ofprime meridianand we present the algorithm which has been employed in determining the rotational parameters of the natural satellites.

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Scarfe, C. D. "The Zero-Point of the IAU Standard Velocity System." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 111 (1985): 583–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900079535.

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Radial velocities of bright IAU standards have been obtained photographically over the past decade using the long camera of the DAO 1.2 meter telescope's coudé spectrograph. Most of the stars observed have been found to be constant in velocity to better than 0.15 km/s over that interval. The mean velocities agree with the IAU velocities, on the average, within 0.10 km/s, although mean velocities of some individual stars differ considerably more than this from the IAU value. A preliminary determination of the zero point of the long camera system, and hence of the IAU system, has been made from observations of the asteroid Vesta, whose actual radial velocity has been calculated from its orbital elements.

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Reid, M. J. "IAU 242 closing summary." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, S242 (March 2007): 522–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307013701.

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Gratton, Raffaele G. "IAU Symposium 317 Summary." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, S317 (August 2015): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921315010947.

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AbstractThe assembly of the halo yields fundamental information on the formation and evolution of galaxies: this was quite exhaustively discussed at this very important symposium. I present a brief personal summary of the meeting, outlining those points that I found more exciting and suggestive. I also remarked a few areas that were possibly not enough expanded. I found this research field extremely interesting and I think there are great expectations for new developments in the next few years, thanks to the new large spectroscopic surveys and the ESA GAIA satellite.

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Miley, George. "The IAU Strategic Plan." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29A (August 2015): 380–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131600332x.

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AbstractI shall review the content of the IAU Strategic Plan (SP) to use astronomy as a tool for stimulating development globally during the decade 2010 - 2020. Considerable progress has been made in its implementation since the last General Assembly.

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Journal articles on the topic 'IAU'

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