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Journal articles on the topic 'Iatrogenic risk'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Duncan, Darlene R., Timothy I. Morgenthaler, Jay H. Ryu, and Craig E. Daniels. "Reducing Iatrogenic Risk in Thoracentesis." Chest 135, no. 5 (May 2009): 1315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-1227.

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2

Pravitasari, Pravitasari, Eugenius Phyowai Ganap, and Addin Trirahmanto. "Analisis Faktor Risiko Cedera Buli Iatrogenik pada Operasi Obstetri." Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi 9, no. 1 (August 15, 2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jkr.74830.

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Background: Bladder is one of urinary tract that is anatomically close to gynecological organs. The risk of iatrogenic bladder injuries is an undesirable event. It can increase in obstetric and gynecological procedures. We can identified the risk factors for iatrogenic bladder injuries can be identified at the beginning of operations. One of which is related to distorted pelvic anatomy, including adhesions, history of surgery, endometriosis and obesity. The type of surgery also plays a role in increasing risk of iatrogenic bladder injuries. This study aims to determine the risk factors that can increase iatrogenic bladder injuries in obstetric and gynecological surgery at Dr. RSUP. Sardjito in 2015-2020.Objective: To determine the risk factors that increase iatrogenic bladder injury in obstetric and gynecological surgery at dr. Sardjito in 2015-2020Method: Case control study was conducted at Dr. RSUP. Sardjito, Yogyakarta from January 2021 to March 2022. There were 120 patient subjects who underwent obstetric and gynecological procedures at Dr. Sardjito Hospital from 2015 to 2020 who entered the inclusion criteria. The relationship between risk factors and the incidence of iatrogenic bladder injuries was analyzed using the Chi Square test. Multivariate analysis to determine the most important risk factors were analyzed using Logistic Regression test. Data analysis with SPPS version 22.0Results and Discussion: In this study, there was an association between adhesions and the incidence of iatrogenic bladder injuries (OR = 28,895 (95% CI 9111 – 91,641); p < 0.001). However, there was no association between endometriosis, type of surgery, previous surgery, body mass index, age, parity, amount of bleeding, timing of surgery and malignancy with the incidence of iatrogenic bladder injuries (p > 0.05).Conclusion : Adhesions had 29 times risk for increasing iatrogenic bladder injuries in this study.Keywords: Adhesions, Distorted Pelvic Anatomy, Risk Factors, Iatrogenic Bladder Injuries, Obstetrics, Gynaecology

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Hodge, William G., Jean-François Boivin, Stanley H. Shapiro, Richard G. Lalonde, Kirtida C. Shah, Bradley D. Murphy, Michel A. Dionne, and Aashish Goela. "Iatrogenic risk factors for cytomegalovirus retinitis." Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology 40, no. 6 (December 2005): 701–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-4182(05)80086-9.

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Arroyo-Novoa, Carmen Mabel, Milagros I. Figueroa-Ramos, and Kathleen A. Puntillo. "Opioid and Benzodiazepine Iatrogenic Withdrawal Syndrome in Patients in the Intensive Care Unit." AACN Advanced Critical Care 30, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2019267.

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Iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome is an increasingly recognized issue among adult patients in the intensive care unit. The prolonged use of opioids and benzodiazepines during the intensive care unit stay and preexisting disorders associated with their use put patients at risk of developing iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome. Although research to date is scant regarding iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome in adult patients in the intensive care unit, it is important to recognize and adequately manage iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome in order to prevent possible negative outcomes during and after a patient’s intensive care unit stay. This article discusses in depth 8 studies of iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome among adult patients in the intensive care unit. It also addresses important aspects of opioid and benzodiazepine iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome, including prevalence, risk factors, and assessment and considers its prevention and management.

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5

Melnichenko, Galina A., and Elizaveta O. Mamedova. "Iatrogenic lesions of the skeleton." Obesity and metabolism 13, no. 2 (July 13, 2016): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2016241-47.

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Osteoporotic fractures are an important public health problem due to their negative impact on the quality of life and life expectancy, as well as high cost of treatment and rehabilitation. Along with the major risk factors for osteoporotic fractures, such as low bone mineral density (BMD), age, low body weight, frequent falls and previous fractures, an important secondary risk factor, especially among susceptible individuals, is taking certain medications. The difficulty in assessing fracture risk when taking various drugs, as well as the development of appropriate methods of prevention and treatment, is often due to the absence of large randomized trials with a sufficient level of evidence, as well as the heterogeneity of the main risk factors for fractures in studied groups of patients. We focus on the main groups of drugs for which there is evidence of a negative impact on bone metabolism, BMD and fracture risk. In addition to drugs, bone metabolism is also influenced by bariatric surgery, transplantation of solid organs, gonadectomy for various diseases.

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6

Pomerantz, Rebecca G., David A. Lee, and Daniel M. Siegel. "Risk assessment in surgical patients: balancing iatrogenic risks and benefits." Clinics in Dermatology 29, no. 6 (November 2011): 669–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.08.012.

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7

Wong, P. K. K. "Predicting infection risk in iatrogenic immune deficiency." Pathology 54 (March 2022): S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2021.12.081.

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8

Aldous, M. B. "Iatrogenic Risk of School-Based Suicide Screening." AAP Grand Rounds 14, no. 1 (July 1, 2005): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/gr.14-1-6.

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9

Mendyka, BE, JM Clochesy, and ML Workman. "Latex hypersensitivity: an iatrogenic and occupational risk." American Journal of Critical Care 3, no. 3 (May 1, 1994): 198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1994.3.3.198.

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BACKGROUND Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to natural rubber and latex products were first reported in 1979 by Nutter, who identified contact urticaria to latex gloves. Since that time, numerous cases of immediate and delayed reactions to latex have been reported. Because latex products are ubiquitous, especially in the critical care environment, there is increasing risk of hypersensitivity among patients and healthcare workers. METHOD Literature review. OBJECTIVES To review the types of allergic reaction to latex and to inform healthcare providers of the risks to patients and themselves of acquiring latex hypersensitivity. CONCLUSION Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to natural rubber and latex products pose a significant threat to patients, healthcare workers, and the general population. Medical history alone is inadequate to identify all persons at risk. Numerous proteins doubtless exist in latex that may be the link to allergenicity. Further research is needed to address demographic, behavioral, environmental, and biogenetic factors including gender differences, ethnicity and race.

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10

Çelik, B., E. Sahin, A. Nadir, and M. Kaptanoglu. "Iatrogenic Pneumothorax: Etiology, Incidence and Risk Factors." Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon 57, no. 05 (July 23, 2009): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1185365.

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11

Prasad, S. "Minimising the risk of iatrogenic intraocular damage." Eye 19, no. 4 (May 21, 2004): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.eye.6701485.

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12

Chao, An-Shine. "Risk of Fetal Loss After Iatrogenic Procedures." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 43 (2017): S133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.08.1422.

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13

Montalva-Iborra, A., M. Alcanyis-Alberola, C. Grao-Castellote, F. Torralba-Collados, and M. Giner-Pascual. "Risk factors in iatrogenic spinal cord injury." Spinal Cord 55, no. 9 (April 4, 2017): 818–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sc.2017.21.

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14

Acheson, David. "Iatrogenic High-Risk Populations and Foodborne Disease." Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 27, no. 3 (September 2013): 617–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2013.05.008.

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15

Kassardjian, Charles D., Cullen M. O'gorman, and Eric J. Sorenson. "The risk of iatrogenic pneumothorax after electromyography." Muscle & Nerve 53, no. 4 (September 3, 2015): 518–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mus.24883.

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16

Lefevre, Frank. "Iatrogenic Complications in High-Risk, Elderly Patients." Archives of Internal Medicine 152, no. 10 (October 1, 1992): 2074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1992.00400220090016.

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17

Schlenger, W. E. "Iatrogenic Risk of Screening for Youth Suicide." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 294, no. 20 (November 23, 2005): 2578–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.20.2578-c.

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18

Lefevre, F. "Iatrogenic complications in high-risk, elderly patients." Archives of Internal Medicine 152, no. 10 (October 1, 1992): 2074–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.152.10.2074.

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19

Melnichenko, Galina A., and Elizaveta O. Mamedova. "Iatrogenic lesions of the skeleton." Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases 20, no. 4 (December 30, 2017): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/osteo12249.

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Osteoporotic fractures are an important public health problem due to their negative impact on the quality of life and life expectancy, as well as high cost of treatment and rehabilitation. Along with the major risk factors for osteoporotic fractures, such as low bone mineral density (BMD), age, low body weight, frequent falls and previous fractures, an important secondary risk factor, especially among susceptible individuals, is taking certain medications. The difficulty in assessing fracture risk when taking various drugs, as well as the development of appropriate methods of prevention and treatment, is often due to the absence of large randomized trials with a sufficient level of evidence, as well as the heterogeneity of the main risk factors for fractures in studied groups of patients. We focus on the main groups of drugs for which there is evidence of a negative impact on bone metabolism, BMD and fracture risk. In addition to drugs, bone metabolism is also influenced by bariatric surgery, transplantation of solid organs, gonadectomy for various diseases. This article is the RePrint from the original publication in Obesity and Metabolism 2016; 13(2); pp. 41-47. doi: 10.14341/omet2016241-47

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20

Joo, Yong Bum, Yoo Sun Jeon, Woo Yong Lee, and Hyung Jin Chung. "Risk Factors Associated with Intraoperative Iatrogenic Fracture in Patients Undergoing Intramedullary Nailing for Atypical Femoral Fractures with Marked Anterior and Lateral Bowing." Medicina 59, no. 4 (April 9, 2023): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040735.

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Background and objectives: Iatrogenic fractures are potential complications during intramedullary (IM) nailing for atypical femoral fractures (AFFs). The risk factors associated with iatrogenic fractures remain unclear, although excessive femoral bowing and osteoporosis are hypothesized to be contributing factors. The present study aimed to determine the risk factors for the occurrence of iatrogenic fractures during IM nailing in patients with AFFs. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated 95 patients with AFF (all female; age range: 49–87 years) who underwent IM nailing between June 2008 and December 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I (with iatrogenic fracture: n = 20) and Group II (without iatrogenic fracture: n = 75). Background characteristics were retrieved from medical records and radiographic measurements were obtained. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for the occurrence of intraoperative iatrogenic fractures. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was conducted to determine a cut-off value for the prediction of iatrogenic fracture occurrence. Results: Iatrogenic fractures occurred in 20 (21.1%) patients. The two groups exhibited no significant differences regarding age and other background characteristics. Group I exhibited significantly lower mean femoral bone mineral density (BMD) and significantly greater mean lateral and anterior femoral bowing angles than Group II (all p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in AFF location, nonunion, and IM nail diameter, length, or nail entry point between the two groups. In the univariate analysis, femoral BMD and lateral bowing of the femur differed significantly between the two groups. On multivariate analysis, only lateral bowing of the femur remained significantly associated with iatrogenic fracture occurrence. The ROC analysis determined a cut-off value of 9.3° in lateral bowing of the femur for prediction of iatrogenic fracture occurrence during IM nailing for AFF treatment. Conclusions: The lateral bowing angle of the femur is an important predictive factor for intraoperative iatrogenic fracture occurrence in patients undergoing IM nailing for AFF treatment.

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Zuckerman, Scott L., Christopher S. Lai, Yong Shen, Nathan J. Lee, Mena G. Kerolus, Alex S. Ha, Ian A. Buchanan, et al. "Incidence and risk factors of iatrogenic coronal malalignment after adult spinal deformity surgery: a single-center experience." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 36, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 585–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2021.6.spine21575.

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OBJECTIVE The authors’ objectives were: 1) to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of iatrogenic coronal malalignment (CM), and 2) to assess the outcomes of patients with all three types of postoperative CM (iatrogenic vs unchanged/worsened vs improved but persistent). METHODS A single-institution, retrospective cohort study was performed on adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients who underwent > 6-level fusion from 2015 to 2019. Iatrogenic CM was defined as immediate postoperative C7 coronal vertical axis (CVA) ≥ 3 cm in patients with preoperative CVA < 3 cm. Additional subcategories of postoperative CM were unchanged/worsened CM, which was defined as immediate postoperative CVA within 0.5 cm of or worse than preoperative CVA, and improved but persistent CM, which was defined as immediate postoperative CVA that was at least 0.5 cm better than preoperative CVA but still ≥ 3 cm; both groups included only patients with preoperative CM. Immediate postoperative radiographs were obtained when the patient was discharged from the hospital after surgery. Demographic, radiographic, and operative variables were collected. Outcomes included major complications, readmissions, reoperations, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and univariate logistic regression were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS In this study, 243 patients were included, and the mean ± SD age was 49.3 ± 18.3 years and the mean number of instrumented levels was 13.5 ± 3.9. The mean preoperative CVA was 2.9 ± 2.7 cm. Of 153/243 patients without preoperative CM (CVA < 3 cm), 13/153 (8.5%) had postoperative iatrogenic CM. In total, 43/243 patients (17.7%) had postoperative CM: iatrogenic CM (13/43 [30.2%]), unchanged/worsened CM (19/43 [44.2%]), and improved but persistent CM (11/43 [25.6%]). Significant risk factors associated with iatrogenic CM were anxiety/depression (OR 3.54, p = 0.04), greater preoperative sagittal vertical axis (SVA) (OR 1.13, p = 0.007), greater preoperative pelvic obliquity (OR 1.41, p = 0.019), lumbosacral fractional (LSF) curve concavity to the same side of the CVA (OR 11.67, p = 0.020), maximum Cobb concavity opposite the CVA (OR 3.85, p = 0.048), and three-column osteotomy (OR 4.34, p = 0.028). In total, 12/13 (92%) iatrogenic CM patients had an LSF curve concavity to the same side as the CVA. Among iatrogenic CM patients, mean pelvic obliquity was 3.1°, 4 (31%) patients had pelvic obliquity > 3°, mean preoperative absolute SVA was 8.0 cm, and 7 (54%) patients had preoperative sagittal malalignment. Patients with iatrogenic CM were more likely to sustain a major complication during the 2-year postoperative period than patients without iatrogenic CM (12% vs 33%, p = 0.046), yet readmission, reoperation, and PROs were similar. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative iatrogenic CM occurred in 9% of ASD patients with preoperative normal coronal alignment (CVA < 3 cm). ASD patients who were most at risk for iatrogenic CM included those with preoperative sagittal malalignment, increased pelvic obliquity, LSF curve concavity to the same side as the CVA, and maximum Cobb angle concavity opposite the CVA, as well as those who underwent a three-column osteotomy. Despite sustaining more major complications, iatrogenic CM patients did not have increased risk of readmission, reoperation, or worse PROs.

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Gisselquist, David, Garance Upham, and John J. Potterat. "Efficiency of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission Through Injections and Other Medical Procedures Evidence, Estimates, and Unfinished Business." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 27, no. 9 (September 2006): 944–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/506408.

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Objective.To estimate the transmission efficiency of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through medical injections and other invasive procedures.Design.We searched our own files and Medline (from 1966-2004, using the keywords [“iatrogenic” or “nosocomial” or “injections”] and “HIV”) for reports of iatrogenic outbreaks worldwide, except outbreaks traced to receipt of contaminated blood or blood products. We also analyzed information from a case-control study of percutaneous exposures to healthcare workers.Setting.Worldwide healthcare settings.Events.We identified 8 iatrogenic outbreaks that met our study criteria; published information from 4 outbreaks was sufficient to estimate transmission efficiency.Results.From the 4 documented iatrogenic outbreaks, we estimated that 1 iatrogenic infection occurred after 8-52 procedures involving HIV-infected persons. Although only 0.3% of healthcare workers seroconvert after percutaneous exposure, a case-control study reported that deep injuries and other risk factors collectively increased seroconversion risk by as much as 50 times. Laboratory investigations demonstrate HIV survival through time and various rinsing regimens. We estimate that the transmission efficiency in medical settings with no or grossly insufficient efforts to clean equipment ranges from 0.5% to 3% for lower risk procedures (eg, intramuscular injections) and from 10% to 20% or more for high-risk procedures. Efforts to clean equipment, short of sterilization, may cut the transmission efficiency by 0%-100%. Procedures that contaminate multidose vials may accelerate transmission efficiency.Conclusion.To achieve better estimates of the transmission efficiency for a range of medical procedures and settings, investigations of iatrogenic outbreaks should be accorded high priority.

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Sargsyan, Adelina A., and Naira Yu Zohrabyan. "FEATURES OF THE LEGISLATIVE REGULATION OF IATROGENIC CRIMES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NEW CRIMINAL CODE OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA." Вестник Челябинского государственного университета Образование и здравоохранение 22, no. 2 (September 13, 2023): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47475/2409-4102-2023-22-2-60-66.

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Protecting the health of citizens is one of the most important tasks of the state. Currently, there is a tendency to increase iatrogenism in medical activities, characterized by a high degree of public danger, which, in turn, requires the implementation of appropriate criminal law protection and improvement of criminological measures to prevent iatrogenic crime. Scientifi c and technological progress in medicine, international standards of the healthcare system, improvement of medical care technologies, the emergence of new medicines have a dual eff ect, on the one hand they improve the quality of treatment of patients and their recovery, on the other hand, they are associated with a risk to the life and health of patients, which, in turn, requires the development of adequate and criminologically sound response measures. The problem of iatrogenies in medical activity, which entail a fatal outcome, making people disabled, directly aff ecting the decline in their quality of life entails a violation of the constitutional rights of citizens to health protection and to receive medical care necessary to preserve life and improve health. This is the huge social harm caused by iatrogenies.

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Geven, Barbara M., Jolanda M. Maaskant, Catherine S. Ward, and Job B. M. van Woensel. "Dexmedetomidine and Iatrogenic Withdrawal Syndrome in Critically Ill Children." Critical Care Nurse 41, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): e17-e23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2021462.

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Background Iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome is a well-known adverse effect of sedatives and analgesics commonly used in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the pediatric intensive care unit, with an incidence of up to 64.6%. When standard sedative and analgesic treatment is inadequate, dexmedetomidine may be added. The effect of supplemental dexmedetomidine on iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome is unclear. Objective To explore the potentially preventive effect of dexmedetomidine, used as a supplement to standard morphine and midazolam regimens, on the development of iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the pediatric intensive care unit. Methods This retrospective observational study used data from patients on a 10-bed general pediatric intensive care unit. Iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome was measured using the Sophia Observation withdrawal Symptoms-scale. Results In a sample of 102 patients, the cumulative dose of dexmedetomidine had no preventive effect on the development of iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (P = .19). After correction for the imbalance in the baseline characteristics between patients who did and did not receive dexmedetomidine, the cumulative dose of midazolam was found to be a significant risk factor for iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (P < .03). Conclusion In this study, supplemental dexmedetomidine had no preventive effect on iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome in patients receiving sedative treatment in the pediatric intensive care unit. The cumulative dose of midazolam was a significant risk factor for iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome.

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Chiu, Wen-Shan, Yu-Wen Lu, and Ting-Hsuan Lien. "Iatrogenic Pneumothorax during Acupuncture: Case Report." Medicina 59, no. 6 (June 7, 2023): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59061100.

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Acupuncture treatment in local areas is commonly used to treat pain or soreness; however, acupuncture around the neck or shoulder may be a risk factor for pneumothorax. Herein, we report two cases of iatrogenic pneumothorax after acupuncture. These points indicate that physicians should be aware of these risk factors through history-taking before acupuncture. Chronic pulmonary diseases, such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema, tuberculosis, lung cancer, pneumonia, and thoracic surgery, may be associated with a higher risk of iatrogenic pneumothorax after acupuncture. Even if the incidence of pneumothorax should be low under caution and fully evaluated, it is still recommended to arrange further imaging examinations to rule out the possibility of iatrogenic pneumothorax.

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Jagannathan, Jay, Charles A. Sansur, and Christopher I. Shaffrey. "IATROGENIC SPINAL DEFORMITY." Neurosurgery 63, suppl_3 (September 1, 2008): A104—A116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000320386.08993.be.

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ABSTRACT PATIENTS WITH POSTOPERATIVE spinal deformities are being identified with increasing frequency as the number of instrumented spinal operations increases. Thus, it is important for the neurosurgeon to understand ways to minimize postoperative deformity and to understand its operative and nonoperative management. A variety of intra- and postoperative risk factors have been associated with postoperative deformity, including patient age, operative positioning, preoperative medical condition, and the use of prior radiation therapy. The evaluation of all patients who have been suspected of iatrogenic deformity should include a detailed physical examination, plain x-rays, and computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging, depending on the condition. Conservative therapy includes physical therapy and pain control, which may be effective in some patients. However, patients with flat-back syndrome typically require reoperation. A wide variety of reoperative procedures may be performed, depending on the area of the pathological deformity, extent of disease, and patient condition.

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Na, Shin, Ji Yong Ahn, Kee Wook Jung, Jeong Hoon Lee, Do Hoon Kim, Kee Don Choi, Ho June Song, Gin Hyug Lee, Hwoon-Yong Jung, and Seungbong Han. "Risk Factors for an Iatrogenic Mallory-Weiss Tear Requiring Bleeding Control during a Screening Upper Endoscopy." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5454791.

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Background and Aim. In some cases of iatrogenic Mallory-Weiss tears (MWTs), hemostasis is needed due to severe mucosal tearing with bleeding. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the risk factors for severe iatrogenic MWTs and the methods of endoscopic bleeding control. Materials and Methods. Between January 2008 and December 2012, 426,085 cases of screening upper endoscopy were performed at the Asan Medical Center. We retrospectively analyzed the risk factors for severe iatrogenic MWTs requiring an endoscopic procedure and the treatment modalities of bleeding control. Results. Iatrogenic MWTs occurred in 546 cases (0.13%) of screening upper endoscopy in 539 patients. Bleeding control due to severe bleeding was applied in 71 cases (13.0%), and rebleeding after initial bleeding control occurred in 1 case. Multivariate analysis showed that old age, a history of distal gastrectomy, and a less-experienced endoscopist (fewer than 2,237.5 endoscopic procedures at the time of the MWT) were associated with severe iatrogenic MWTs requiring an endoscopic procedure. Among 71 cases requiring bleeding control, a hemoclip was used in 81.7% (58 cases). Conclusions. Screening endoscopy procedures should be carefully performed when patients are in their old age and have a history of distal gastrectomy, particularly if the endoscopist is less experienced.

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Shala, Sahadete, Merita Krasniqi, and Astrit Gashi. "Unintended Consequences: Exploring Iatrogenic Injuries in Cesarean Section Deliveries." International Journal of Biomedicine 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21103/article14(1)_cr6.

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Cesarean delivery (CD), or C-section, which prevents injury and death in mothers and babies at higher risk of complicated deliveries, like any surgery, does carry a risk of complications. By reviewing the medical literature and analyzing documented CD cases, we examined the spectrum of iatrogenic injuries, including unintentional injuries, affecting both maternal and neonatal outcomes. This case report describes iatrogenic bladder damage after CD in a 31-year-old woman who had a previous emergency CD two years ago. This case calls for a comprehensive approach to minimize iatrogenic risks and optimize maternal and neonatal well-being during repeat СD.

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&NA;. "Iatrogenic hypoglycaemia not linked to higher mortality risk." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1249 (April 2009): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200912490-00008.

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30

Seiler, Theo. "Iatrogenic keratectasia: academic anxiety or serious risk?1." Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 25, no. 10 (October 1999): 1307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0886-3350(99)00250-3.

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Gould, Madelyn S., Frank A. Marrocco, Marjorie Kleinman, John Graham Thomas, Katherine Mostkoff, Jean Cote, and Mark Davies. "Evaluating Iatrogenic Risk of Youth Suicide Screening Programs." JAMA 293, no. 13 (April 6, 2005): 1635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.293.13.1635.

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32

Bark Awadh Abood, Hashem, Loai Tawfeek Aleithan, Lamees Abdullah Binmohammed, Abdulrahman Saeed H Alghamdi, Shareefah Mesabl Alenazi, Ahoud Mrji Mhasef Alruwaili, Aseel Eihab A. Dulaimi Eihab A Dulaimi, et al. "Iatrogenic Vascular Injuries: A Review." Saudi Medical Horizons Journal 2, no. 2 (October 25, 2022): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54293/smhj.v2i2.42.

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Vascular injuries provide a significant challenge to emergency room staff because they call for quick action to avert loss of life or limb. Sometimes only modest or latent indications or symptoms of significant vascular damage are present. The patient may show signs of vascular insufficiency, embolization, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, etc., weeks or months after the initial damage. Although gunshot wounds, stabbings, and blast injuries account for the majority of vascular injuries, patients who have displaced long bone fractures, crush injuries, prolonged immobilization in a fixed position due to tight casts or bandages, and various invasive procedures should be evaluated for the possibility of vascular injury. Further investigations are required to help identify risk variables that might put a patient at more risk of suffering harm than benefiting from an intervention.

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33

Biancari, Fausto, Matteo Pettinari, Giovanni Mariscalco, Caius Mustonen, Francesco Nappi, Joscha Buech, Christian Hagl, et al. "Outcome after Surgery for Iatrogenic Acute Type A Aortic Dissection." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 22 (November 14, 2022): 6729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226729.

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(1) Background: Acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD) may complicate the outcome of cardiovascular procedures. Data on the outcome after surgery for iatrogenic acute TAAD is scarce. (2) Methods: The European Registry of Type A Aortic Dissection (ERTAAD) is a multicenter, retrospective study including patients who underwent surgery for acute TAAD at 18 hospitals from eight European countries. The primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and 5-year mortality. Twenty-seven secondary outcomes were evaluated. (3) Results: Out of 3902 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for acute TAAD, 103 (2.6%) had iatrogenic TAAD. Cardiac surgery (37.8%) and percutaneous coronary intervention (36.9%) were the most frequent causes leading to iatrogenic TAAD, followed by diagnostic coronary angiography (13.6%), transcatheter aortic valve replacement (10.7%) and peripheral endovascular procedure (1.0%). In hospital mortality was 20.5% after cardiac surgery, 31.6% after percutaneous coronary intervention, 42.9% after diagnostic coronary angiography, 45.5% after transcatheter aortic valve replacement and nihil after peripheral endovascular procedure (p = 0.092), with similar 5-year mortality between different subgroups of iatrogenic TAAD (p = 0.710). Among 102 propensity score matched pairs, in-hospital mortality was significantly higher among patients with iatrogenic TAAD (30.4% vs. 15.7%, p = 0.013) compared to those with spontaneous TAAD. This finding was likely related to higher risk of postoperative heart failure (35.3% vs. 10.8%, p < 0.0001) among iatrogenic TAAD patients. Five-year mortality was comparable between patients with iatrogenic and spontaneous TAAD (46.2% vs. 39.4%, p = 0.163). (4) Conclusions: Iatrogenic origin of acute TAAD is quite uncommon but carries a significantly increased risk of in-hospital mortality compared to spontaneous TAAD.

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Pradhan, T., T. Basnet, BD Thapa, and MC Regmi. "Iatrogenic Genitourinary Fistula: Changing Trends." Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 14, no. 1 (December 9, 2019): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v14i1.26627.

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Aims: To study the frequency of iatrogenic cause amongst the surgery done for genitourinary fistula and to study the type and cause of iatrogenic genitourinary fistula. Methods: This is retrospective study of women undergoing surgery for genitourinary fistula repair from year 2013 to 2018. The analysis considers frequency and characteristics of type of fistula. Results: Out of 223 genitourinary fistula 75 (33.6%) were iatrogenic. Vaginal vault fistula were 25% followed by uretero-vaginal fistula (32.9%), vesico-vaginal fistula (32.9%) and there were 4 iatrogenic recto-vaginal fistula; 81.6% of the iatrogenic fistula had preceding history of hysterectomy followed by emergency caesarean section (17.1%). There is annual increasing trend in iatrogenic fistula repair from 3 to 23. Conclusions: Women undergoing hysterectomy were under risk for iatrogenic fistula. Optimum work environment is important to reduce surgical error during procedures. Operating training should be emphasised on optimal surgical skills, decision making. Keywords: genitourinary fistula, ureteric fistula, vault fistula

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Trailovic, D. R., and Vitomir Cupic. "Contemporary pharmacotherapy and iatrogenic pathology." Veterinarski glasnik 59, no. 1-2 (2005): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0502015t.

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During the past few decades, the pharmaceutical industry has developed into a powerful human activity highly influencing modern medicine. Thousands of synthetic therapeuticals have been developed, and these formulations enabled the successful treatment of many diseases, some of which were considered incurable. An increase in drug consumption followed the development of the pharmaceutical industry and the introduction of synthetic drugs. The widespread use of new medicals enabled the collection of data confirming their effectiveness, but also more and more data concerning side and unwanted effects were reported. Frequent side/unwanted effect reports gave rise to development of iatrogenic pathology, a new branch of clinical pathology. The knowledge of the possible unwanted effects of drugs on macro organisms did not enable the effective withdrawal of such formulations from the market. At the beginning, the reports concerning unwanted effects were not verealed. Consequently some potentially harmful formulations were used for years without methodical analyses of their side/unwanted effects. Some potentially dangerous formulations are still on the market such as drugs containing ulcerogenic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic substances as well as those inducing bone marrow aplasia. The administration of these potentially dangerous formulations is understandable in the case of clear therapeutic indications allowing no alternatives. In these cases the risk of harmful side effects is greatly overwhelmed by the risk from the primary disease. Otherwise the administration of the potentially harmful drug is unjustified, especially if the indication is not a disease. Many potentially harmful drugs are formulated for use in healthy animals, recommended as growth, laying and milk stimulators, those allowing higher speed and strength in sport and racing horses, estrus inducers and suppressors. The misuse or maluse medication is highly present in sport horses daily treated with vitamin and mineral supplements, analgesics, corticosteroid and anabolic steroids. Unwanted effects of such treatments are evident sometimes shortly after application and sometimes later, influencing reproduction. The same problem is present in small animals.

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Tran, Allen Vinh, Robert J. Rushakoff, Priya Prasad, Sara G. Murray, Bradley Monash, and Heidemarie Macmaster. "Decreasing Hypoglycemia following Insulin Administration for Inpatient Hyperkalemia." Journal of Hospital Medicine, Volume 15, Issue 02 (November 10, 2019): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12788/jhm.3357.

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BACKGROUND: Acute hyperkalemia (serum potassium ≥ 5.1 mEq/L) is often treated with a bolus of IV insulin. This treatment may result in iatrogenic hypoglycemia (glucose < 70 mg/dl). OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to accurately determine the frequency of iatrogenic hypoglycemia following insulin treatment for hyperkalemia, and to develop an electronic health record (EHR) orderset to decrease the risk for iatrogenic hypoglycemia. DESIGN: This study was an observational, prospective study. SETTING: The setting for this study was a university hospital. PATIENTS: All nonobstetric adult inpatients in all acute and intensive care units were eligible. INTERVENTION: Implementation of a hyperkalemia orderset (Orderset 1.1) with glucose checks before and then one, two, four, and six hours after regular intravenous insulin administration. Based on the results from Orderset 1.1, Orderset 1.2 was developed and introduced to include weight-based dosing of insulin options, alerts identifying patients at higher risk of hypoglycemia, and tools to guide decision-making based on the preinsulin blood glucose level. MEASUREMENTS: Patient demographics, weight, diabetes history, potassium level, renal function, and glucose levels were recorded before, and then glucose levels were measured again at one, two, four, and six hours after insulin was administered. RESULTS: The iatrogenic hypoglycemia rate identified with mandatory glucose checks in Orderset 1.1 was 21%; 92% of these occurred within three hours posttreatment. Risk factors for hypoglycemia included decreased renal function (serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl), a high dose of insulin (>0.14 units/kg), and re-treatment with blood glucose < 140 mg/dl. After the introduction of Orderset 1.2, the rate of iatrogenic hypoglycemia decreased to 10%. CONCLUSIONS: The use of an EHR orderset for treating hyperkalemia may reduce the risk of iatrogenic hypoglycemia in patients receiving insulin while still adequately lowering their potassium.

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Vrijkotte, Tanja, Teus Brand, and Gouke Bonsel. "First trimester employment, working conditions and preterm birth: a prospective population-based cohort study." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 78, no. 9 (February 24, 2021): 654–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2020-107072.

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ObjectivesTo explore the association between working conditions during first trimester and total preterm birth (PTB), and subtypes: spontaneous PTB and iatrogenic PTB, additionally to explore the role of hypertension.MethodsPregnant women from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, filled out a questionnaire between January 2003 and March 2004, two weeks after first prenatal screening (singleton liveborn, n=7561). Working conditions were working hours/week, standing/walking hours/week, physical work load and job strain.ResultsProlonged standing/walking during first trimester was associated with an increased risk for total PTB (OR=1.5; 95% CI 1.0–2.3, after adjustments). Other working conditions were not related to total PTB. The separation into spontaneous and iatrogenic PTB revealed that standing/walking was associated with iatrogenic PTB only (OR=2.09; 95% CI 1.00–4.97). The highest risk was found for the combination of a long workweek with high physical work load (OR=3.42; 95% CI 1.04–8.21). Hypertension did not mediate these associations; however, stratified analysis revealed that high physical work load was only related to iatrogenic PTB when pregnancy-induced hypertension was present (OR=6.44; 95% CI 1.21–29.76).ConclusionThis study provides evidence that high physically demanding work is associated with an increased risk for iatrogenic PTB and not with spontaneous PTB. Pregnancy-induced hypertension may play a role: when present, high physical work load leads to a more severe outcome.

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Ahmed, Rami A., Patrick G. Hughes, Ambrose H. Wong, Kaley M. Gray, Brad D. Gable, Derek Ballas, Ahmad Khobrani, Robert D. Selley, and Colleen McQuown. "Iatrogenic emergency medicine procedure complications and associated trouble-shooting strategies." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 31, no. 8 (October 8, 2018): 935–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-08-2017-0157.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a consolidated reference for the acute management of selected iatrogenic procedural injuries occurring in the emergency department (ED). Design/methodology/approach A literature search was performed utilizing PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar for studies through March of 2017 investigating search terms “iatrogenic procedure complications,” “error management” and “procedure complications,” in addition to the search terms reflecting case reports involving the eight below listed procedure complications. Findings This may be particularly helpful to academic faculty who supervise physicians in training who present a higher risk to cause such injuries. Originality/value Emergent procedures performed in the ED present a higher risk for iatrogenic injury than in more controlled settings. Many physicians are taught error-avoidance rather than how to handle errors when learning procedures. There is currently very limited literature on the error management of iatrogenic procedure complications in the ED.

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Santos, Marina. "Cannabis Induced Vasospasm Complicated By Iatrogenic Coronary Artery Dissection." Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions 3, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2641-0419/095.

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Cannabis is the most abused psychoactive drug in the world. Delta 9-tetrahydrocannibol, the main psychoactive compound in marijuana, acts via the endocannabinoid system to elicit various cardiovascular physiological effects, and has been associated with many adverse cardiovascular effects such as acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. It is important to consider cannabis use as a significant risk factor of myocardial infarction, particularly in individuals with no cardiac risk factors, as delay in management can result in fatal outcomes. Coronary angiography as the main exam to definitively diagnose or rule out coronary artery disease is usually safe, but complications also occur. Coronary dissection, despite rare, can be extremely difficult to manage and even be fatal. Iatrogenic causes of coronary dissection include catheter tip or guidewire trauma, vigorous contrast injection and angioplasty balloon overinflation. We present the case of a 41 years old Caucasian woman admitted to cardiology department after an episode of myocardial infarction due to cannabis induced vasospasm. However, the angiography was complicated by iatrogenic coronary artery dissection.

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Ebbs, Phillip, and Prue Gonzalez. "Risk and avoidable harm part 1: recognising risk in paramedicine." Journal of Paramedic Practice 11, no. 9 (September 2, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jpar.2019.11.9.cpd1.

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In this two-part continuing professional development series, we explore the complex and often sensitive topic of clinical mistakes and events of avoidable patient harm (sometimes referred to as iatrogenic harm), which may occur within the paramedic practice environment. Even the very best clinicians will make mistakes, and therefore we introduce the science behind why common unintentional mistakes can be made. We discuss how paramedics can better prepare themselves and their teams to more effectively prevent, respond to, and recover from unintentional mistakes that may occur in paramedic practice environments.

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Ebbs, Phillip, Prue Gonzalez, and Paola Castillo. "Risk and avoidable harm Part 2: responding to risk." Journal of Paramedic Practice 11, no. 10 (October 2, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jpar.2019.11.10.cpd1.

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In this two-part continuing professional development series, we explore the complex and often sensitive topic of clinical mistakes and events of avoidable patient harm—sometimes referred to as iatrogenic harm—which may occur in paramedic practice environments. As has been shown in part 1 of this series, the potential for mistakes and avoidable harm must be seen as a persisting risk within healthcare. Our response as paramedics must be one of empathy towards those involved in incidents of avoidable harm, and also one of duty to better understand the nature of risk and unintentional error within paramedic practice environments.

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Jeong, Yeong Wook, Young Seok Han, Hyoung Shin Lee, Sung Won Kim, and Kang Dae Lee. "Risk Factors for Iatrogenic Vocal Fold Palsy during Thyroid Surgery: A Single Institutional Experience Over 10 Years." Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 63, no. 12 (December 21, 2020): 594–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3342/kjorl-hns.2020.00598.

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Background and Objectives Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy is a critical complication of thyroid surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of iatrogenic temporary or permanent RLN palsy and to determine the surgeon’s experience factor for iatrogenic RLN palsy.Subjects and Method We retrospectively reviewed 3404 patients, who underwent thyroidectomy between 2010 and 2019, to identify the surgeon’s experience factor for iatrogenic RLN palsy. Information about patient demographics, surgeon factor, whether or not intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) were used, and the postoperative status of RLN were collected. The incidence of RLN injury was analyzed according to the surgeon experience, surgery for thyroid cancer, effect of IONM and the extent of surgery.Results A total of 4479 RLNs were at risk in 3094 thyroidectomies in this study. There were 34 (1.10%) postoperative vocal cord palsy (VCP) cases after thyroidectomy. All patients with RLN palsy showed a unilateral type. VCP was temporary in 26 (0.84%) cases and permanent in 8 (0.26%) cases. Using the nerve at risk (NAR) method, we found that there were 34 NAR palsy out of the total (4479) NAR (0.76%), 26 NAR temporary palsy (0.58%), and 8 NAR permanent palsy (0.18%). The mean recovery time after temporary VCP ranged between 2-180 days (50.6 days in average). The incidence of permanent RLN injury was higher in surgery conducted by less experienced surgeon (1.71% in less experienced vs. 0.05% in experienced surgeon, odds ratio 35.991, <i>p</i><0.001). Application of IONM had no impact on incidence of iatrogenic RLN injury.Conclusion The present study demonstrated that less experienced surgeon is associated with an increased risk of iatrogenic permanent RLN palsy after thyroidectomy.

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Sahathevan, Sharmela, Ban-Hock Khor, Hi-Ming Ng, Abdul Halim Abdul Gafor, Zulfitri Azuan Mat Daud, Denise Mafra, and Tilakavati Karupaiah. "Understanding Development of Malnutrition in Hemodialysis Patients: A Narrative Review." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 3147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103147.

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Hemodialysis (HD) majorly represents the global treatment option for patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5, and, despite advances in dialysis technology, these patients face a high risk of morbidity and mortality from malnutrition. We aimed to provide a novel view that malnutrition susceptibility in the global HD community is either or both of iatrogenic and of non-iatrogenic origins. This categorization of malnutrition origin clearly describes the role of each factor in contributing to malnutrition. Low dialysis adequacy resulting in uremia and metabolic acidosis and dialysis membranes and techniques, which incur greater amino-acid losses, are identified modifiable iatrogenic factors of malnutrition. Dietary inadequacy as per suboptimal energy and protein intakes due to poor appetite status, low diet quality, high diet monotony index, and/or psychosocial and financial barriers are modifiable non-iatrogenic factors implicated in malnutrition in these patients. These factors should be included in a comprehensive nutritional assessment for malnutrition risk. Leveraging the point of origin of malnutrition in dialysis patients is crucial for healthcare practitioners to enable personalized patient care, as well as determine country-specific malnutrition treatment strategies.

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Vanderweyde, Tara, Martin M. Bednar, Stuart A. Forman, and Benjamin Wolozin. "Iatrogenic Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease: Surgery and Anesthesia." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 22, s3 (September 29, 2010): S91—S104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-2010-100843.

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Dikareva, E. A., and S. I. Pimanov. "ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION AND THE RISK OF IATROGENIC INFECTIONS DEVELOPMENT." Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University 20, no. 5 (October 11, 2021): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2021.5.15.

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Ultrasound examination is used in all areas of modern medicine and occupies the leading positions in non-invasive instrumental diagnostics. Ultrasound is believed to be safe for patients. At the same time, there is a dangerous effect of ultrasound, manifested by bacterial and viral contamination of ultrasound equipment and the examined patients. Numerous studies have convincingly shown that ultrasound is dangerous in terms of iatrogenic contamination of a patient with bacterial, fungal and viral infections. Each ultrasound examination includes contact between the probe of the device and the patient’s skin, or his/her mucous membranes, or sterile tissues during intraoperative examinations. When the ultrasonic sensor comes into contact with the patient’s body, it may become contaminated with pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms. It is also possible to contaminate the ultrasound equipment and the hands of a doctor who conducts this study. All this will subsequently contribute to the microorganisms transmission to other subjects being examined. Therefore, every patient should be considered as a potential source of pathogenic microorganisms and viruses. The purpose of the work was to analyze the literature data on bacterial and viral contamination during ultrasound examination.

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Pareek, P. "Homeopathy in iatrogenic disorders – risk factors, treatment and prevention." Allgemeine Homöopathische Zeitung 262, no. 02 (March 21, 2017): 2–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1601172.

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Shimada, Tadahito, Akira Terano, Shinichi Ota, Hajime Takikawa, and Seiichi Sumino. "Risk of iatrogenic transmission of Helicobacter pylori by gastroscopes." Lancet 347, no. 9011 (May 1996): 1342–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)90997-6.

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Guralp, Onur, and David M. Kushner. "Iatrogenic transtubal spill of endometrial cancer: risk or myth." Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 284, no. 5 (August 12, 2011): 1209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00404-011-2031-6.

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Wogan, Gerald N. "Does perinatal antiretroviral therapy create an iatrogenic cancer risk?" Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 48, no. 3-4 (2007): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.20283.

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Topolnitsky, O. Z., and E. D. Askerov. "Probability assessment of facial nerve injury in children and adolescents during the elective maxillofacial surgery." Pediatric dentistry and dental profilaxis 21, no. 1 (April 16, 2021): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33925/1683-3031-2021-21-1-32-34.

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Relevance. Various factors can cause facial neuropathy. Iatrogenic facial nerve injury in childhood and adolescence is a complicated medical, psychological and legal problem. Risk assessment of the facial nerve injury during the elective maxillofacial surgeries is required depending on the localization of the procedure. The statistical assessment is very important for the evaluation of the possible iatrogenic facial neuropathy in children and adolescents during the elective maxillofacial surgeries.Materials and methods. 715 medical records for 2017 from the Department of Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery of the MSUMD Clinical Center for Maxillofacial, Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery were analyzed.Results. There was a risk of injury to the trunk or branches of the facial nerve during surgery in 121 cases (16,9%) for the technical complexity of the surgical approach and the pathology location.Conclusions. There is a high risk of the facial nerve injury during the elective maxillofacial surgery in children and adolescents due to the complex anatomy of the area. Intraoperative neuromonitoring is recommended to prevent iatrogenic neuropathy of the facial nerve.

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