Academic literature on the topic 'Hypoglycemic activities'
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Journal articles on the topic "Hypoglycemic activities"
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Hanggaresty, Mutiarani Dasha, and Ni Kadek Warditiani. "REVIEW OF POTENTIAL PLANTS IN INDONESIA AS AN ANTIDIABETIC WITH HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITIES." Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Application 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jpsa.2021.v03.i02.p01.
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Background: Diabetes mellitus which is characterized by hyperglycemia is a metabolic disease due to insulin action, defects in insulin secretion, or both. Various studies have shown that herbs that have a hypoglycemic effect can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Generally, herbs can slow down the complications of diabetes mellitus and improve metabolism. The ability of plants to restore the function of pancreatic tissue to increase insulin production or make it easier for insulin to process glucose is related to the effects of hypoglycemia. Objective: Comparing plants that have a hypoglycemic activity that can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. Methods: studying literature from various databases, websites, national journals, and relevant international journals to identify plants that have hypoglycemic activity. Results: The mechanism A. sativum as a hypoglycemic involves different fiber viscosities; A. vera involved as a hypoglycemic by protecting pancreatic? cells; Asiatic acid in C. asiatica increasing glycolysis by restoring the activity of key enzymes; G. max inhibiting ?-amylase and the stigmasterol increasing the absorption of blood glucose and reducing insulin resistance; P. macrocarpa exert their antidiabetic action via ?-glucosidase modulation, an extra distinctive pancreatic mechanism; S. arvensis has the potential to inhibit ?-amylase enzymes. Conclusions: This review article has presented 6 detailed comparisons of plants that have a hypoglycemic activity that can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia and we believe can be useful for students, researchers, or practitioners.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia, Indonesian plants
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Arya, Aditya, Shaik Nyamathulla, Mohamed Ibrahim Noordin, and Mustafa Ali Mohd. "Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activities of Leaf Extracts of Three PopularTerminaliaSpecies." E-Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 2 (2012): 883–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/859831.
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This study aimed to ascertain the antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity of methanolic extracts of the leaves ofTerminalia arjuna, T. bellerica, andT. chebula. Extracts were evaluated for total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content, andin vitroantioxidant potential with DPPH, ORAC, and FRAP assays. The extracts' hypoglycemic activities were evaluated by hypoglycemic screening and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normal rats. The methanolic extracts ofT. chebulaleaves exhibited the highest quantity of total phenolic and flavonoid content, followed by those ofT. bellericaandT. arjuna. T. arjunacontained more tannin thanT. bellericadid, but less than that ofT. chebula. The scavenging capacity ofT. chebulafor the antioxidant DPPH was the highest of the extracts tested, as it recorded the lowest IC50 value of all 3 extracts. Likewise, the results attributed theT. chebulaextract with the highest oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC). In the FRAP assay, the extracts' ferric reducing antioxidant abilities wereT. arjuna>T. chebula>T. bellerica. This correlates the potential of polyphenolic content enriched with antioxidant capabilities and substantiates the results of the hypoglycemic screening and OGTT, which determined that theT. chebulaextract had a better hypoglycemic effect in normal and glucose-induced hyperglycemic rats (p<0.001) than that ofT. bellericaandT. arjuna, respectively. The use of these Terminalia species as food supplements may help in reducing oxidative stress and related diabetic complications. The phytoconstituents responsible for the hypoglycemic activity need to be isolated to elucidate the relationship between the extracts' antioxidant capacity and their hypoglycemic effects.
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Zhang, Entan, Anker Jon Hansen, Tadeusz Wieloch, and Martin Lauritzen. "Influence of MK-801 on Brain Extracellular Calcium and Potassium Activities in Severe Hypoglycemia." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 10, no. 1 (January 1990): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1990.18.
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of blockade of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors on the depolarization associated with severe hypoglycemia, which is commonly preceded by one or a few transient depolarizations reminiscent of cortical spreading depression (CSD). In the cerebral cortices of rats [K+]e and [Ca2 +]e were measured with ionselective microelectrodes. NMDA blockade was achieved by injection of MK801 in doses that block CSD. In control rats, the latency from the time point when blood glucose reached minimal levels to onset of ionic shifts was 33.2 ± 3.5 min, and [K+]e rose from 3.2 ± 0.2 to 55 ± 5 m M. All variables remained unchanged in rats treated with MK801. In another four rats treated with MK801, [Ca2+]e declined from 1.06 ± 0.22 to 0.12 ± 0.02 m M. Plasma glucose measurements indicated that the cortex depolarized at a plasma glucose concentration between 0.7 and 0.8 m M, i.e., within a narrow range, suggesting a threshold phenomenon. In conclusion, activation of NMDA receptors seems of minor importance for hypoglycemic depolarization. The ionic transients that precede the persistent hypoglycemic depolarization are probably mediated by mechanisms distinct from those of electrically induced CSD.
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Dasgupta, Tumpa, Amlan Ganguly, Muhammad Asaduzzaman, and Nazmul Qais. "Evaluation of Anti-microbial, Hypoglycemic and Anti-diarrheal activities of Setaria italica Seeds." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 1 (August 8, 2016): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v15i1.29190.
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The ethanolic crude extract of Setaria italica seeds (Poaceae) was investigated for its possible anti-microbial, hypoglycemic and anti-diarrheal activities. Anti-microbial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method while the hypoglycemic and anti-diarrheal properties were determined by oral glucose tolerance test and castor oil induced diarrheal method, respectively in Albino mice. The ethanolic extract and its different fractions of S. italica have shown good antimicrobial activity against gram negative bacteria having zone of inhibition 9-13 mm (ciprofloxacin: 40- 41 mm). In evaluation of hypoglycemic activity, ethanolic extract and its chloroform fraction, at 400 mg/kg, also showed promising hypoglycemic property having blood glucose level of 3.74 and 3.72 mmol/l after 120 minute, respectively when compared to standard glibenclamide (3.44 mmol/l). On the other hand, during the assessing for anti-diarrheal activity, the crude extract did not significantly reduce the frequency of defecation. The findings of the studies demonstrate anti-microbial and hypoglycemic properties of S. italica.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 15(1): 31-35, 2016 (June)
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Siddiqui, Sadaf, Neetesh Kumar Jain, and Narendra Silawat. "Antidiabetic Activities of Extracts of Ficus bengalensis Linn." International Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharma Research 8, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijmspr.v8i2.35.
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Abstract: Various extracts of diverse parts of medicinal plants have been shown to possess antidiabetic and hypoglycemic effect. Most of them look to act directly on pancreas (pancreatic effect) and stimulate insulin level in blood. Some have extra pancreatic effect by acting directly on tissues like liver, muscle, etc and alter favorably, the activities of the regulatory enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and other pathways. The research work embodied in the thesis deals with the scientific exploration of indigenous plants viz., Ficus bengalensis Linn for their possible anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic activity. The present investigations concluded that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial parts of Ficus bengalensis Linn endowed with potential antidiabetic activity which could be attributed by their possible multiple effects on both pancreatic and extra-pancreatic site by influencing either the metabolism and/or absorption of glucose, which in turn also influence the lipid metabolism. Keywords: hypoglycemic, Ficus bengalensis Linn, Diabetic, Lipid metabolism
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NAKINCHAT, Somrudee, and Voravuth SOMSAK. "A Pilot Study on Antimalarial Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract in Plasmodium berghei Infection in Mice." Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) 15, no. 2 (November 3, 2017): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2018.4593.
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The emergence and spread of antimalarial drug resistance of Plasmodium parasites, as well as hypoglycemia, during malaria infection, and subsequent death, are critical problems in malaria-endemic areas. Hence, finding new compounds, especially plant extracts having antimalarial and anti-hypoglycemic activities, are urgently needed. The present study aimed to investigate the antimalarial and anti-hypoglycemic effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in Plasmodium berghei infection in mice. Aqueous crude extract of M. oleifera leaves was freshly prepared and used for an efficacy test in vivo. Groups of ICR mice (5 mice in each) were infected with 1´107 infected red blood cells of P. berghei ANKA by intraperitoneal injection and given the extract orally with doses of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for 4 consecutive days. Parasitemia and plasma glucose levels were subsequently measured. The results showed that M. oleifera leaf extract presented significant (p < 0.001) inhibition of parasitemia in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, this extract exerted anti-hypoglycemia effects in infected mice in a dose-dependent manner. The highest degrees of activity were found at a dose of 1000 mg/kg of the extract. Additionally, no effect on plasma glucose was found in normal mice treated with this extract. It can be concluded that aqueous crude extract of M. oleifera leaves exerted antimalarial and anti-hypoglycemic effects in P. berghei infection in mice.
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Karim, Irin, Roni Roy, Md Rafiul Hoque, Sazzad Hosen, Tanaya Bhowmik, Israt Jahan Liya, Afroza Akter, and Mohammad Anwarul Basher. "Effect of sex differences in antinociceptive, antipyretic, hypoglycemia, hepatoprotective and antidiarrheal activities in mice model." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 569–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.56499/jppres20.911_8.6.569.
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Context: The use of animal models is a longstanding practice in biological research. Among different models, the mouse is the most widely used and accepted model. In designing the mouse model, a male mouse is generally preferred over a female to avoid the effect of changing hormonal state in females. However, it is not known whether mouse sex affects all experiments. Aims: To determine the effect of mouse sex on pharmacological responses in antinociceptive, antipyretic, hypoglycemia, hepatoprotective and antidiarrheal experiments. Methods: Antinociceptive study was performed by three different experiments. An antipyretic experiment was performed by yeast induced hyperthermia test. The effect on hypoglycemic response was assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test. The effect on the hepatoprotective study was evaluated by carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. The antidiarrheal study was conducted by a castor oil-induced diarrhea test. Results: Antinociceptive studies demonstrated mixed effects. Hot plate test showed significant differences; the licking test showed variation only in the late phase, while no significant variation was observed. In the antipyretic experiment, female mice showed higher body temperature in both control and standard that varied significantly with male mice. Hypoglycemia and hepatoprotective tests did not show significant variation between sexes; however, liver enzymes levels were found higher in males while the percentage liver weight was higher in females. In the antidiarrheal test, the male mouse was observed to have higher responses than the female. Conclusions: Antinociceptive and antipyretic investigations should be performed separately on both male and female mice. On the other hand, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective and antidiarrheal tests can be conducted on any mouse sex, and findings on particular sex can be extrapolated to the opposite sex.
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Hao, Jie, Zhiming Qian, Zijian Liu, Guirong Zhang, Di Wang, and Weiwei Han. "The Antidiabetic Activities of Neocryptotanshinone: Screened by Molecular Docking and Related to the Modulation of PTP1B." Nutrients 14, no. 15 (July 24, 2022): 3031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14153031.
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The aim of this study was to provide a practical experimental basis for the development of Neocryptotanshinone (NCTS) as an effective hypoglycemic drug and a theoretical method for the rapid screening of natural compounds with hypoglycemic effects. Molecular docking was used to screen the most suitable ligand. Hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemical staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western Blotting approved the hypoglycemic effect of NCTS. According to the free energy of binding, among 180 active compounds from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database, NCTS was finally chose for investigation its hypoglycemic effects. In db/db mice, NCTS significantly reduced body weight and plasma glucose, improved glucose tolerance and levels of fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c, and decreased insulin resistance after six-week administration. NCTS restored the pathological state in the liver of db/db mice and significantly decreased protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) expression in the liver and muscle of db/db mice, which is related to the regulatory effect of NCTS on insulin receptor substrate 1. In conclusion, we successfully explored the hypoglycemic effect of NCTS in db/db mice via regulating the expression of PTP1B.
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Mansur, Muhammad Abdullah Al, M. Mahboob Ali Siddiqi, and Koushik Saha. "Thrombolytic, Membrane Stabilizing and Hypoglycemic Activities of Anethum sowa Linn." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 17, no. 2 (December 4, 2018): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v17i2.39181.
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The hexane (HE), dichloromethane (DCME), ethyl acetate (EAE) and methanol (ME) extracts of seed and stem of Anethum sowa were subjected to screenings for thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing and hypoglycemic activities. Ethyl acetate extract of stem showed highest thrombolytic activity. In addition, the dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extract of seed revealed higher percentage (%) of inhibition in hypotonic solution induced hemolysis. In hypoglycemic activity, the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of stem and seed displayed significant blood glucose lowering effect.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 17(2): 237-241, 2018 (December)
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Telushkin, P. K. "The intensity of lipid peroxidation processes, the activity of NADP-dependent dehydrogenases and proteases in rat brain with repeated administration of insulin." Problems of Endocrinology 44, no. 3 (June 6, 1998): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl199844335-37.
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The rate of accumulation of malonic dialdehyde was increased, the activities of superoxide dismutase, NADP-dependent glucose- 6-phosphate, malate, isocitrate dehydrogenases and glutathione reductase decreased, and the levels of diene conjugates decreased in the hemispheres and brain stem of rats subjected to 7-9 hypoglycemic comas. The activities of neutral and acid proteases were increased in the stem structures. The detected changes indicate an oxidative stress developing in the nerve tissue after repeated hypoglycemic exposures. Such changes appear after glucose arrest of hypoglycemic coma and can be important in the pathogenesis of posthypoglycemic encephalopathy.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hypoglycemic activities"
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Jaishee, Nishika. "Phytochemical analysis of some ferns with reference to their antioxidant, hypoglycemic and antimicrobial activities." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2016. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/hdl.handle.net/123456789/2747.
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Lino, Cleide de Sousa. "Efeitos antidiabÃtico, antioxidante, analgÃsico e antiinflamatÃrio da fraÃÃo solÃvel em metanol e tiramina isolados de Cissus Verticillata." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2158.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoIntroduÃÃo: A Cissus verticillata à uma planta, utilizada popularmente como antidiabÃtica e antiinflamatÃria, Objetivos: Investigar as atividades antidiabÃtica, analgÃsica, antiinflamatÃria e antioxidante da FraÃÃo SolÃvel em Metanol (FSM), FraÃÃo Rica em Tiramina (FRT) e tiramina (TIR) isolados de Cissus verticillata. Material e MÃtodos: Ratos Wistar, machos, foram tratados por via oral com a FSM (50 e 100 mg/kg), glibenclamida(GLI, 5 mg/kg), Ãgua destilada ou glicose), e o sangue coletado antes e 30, 60, 90 e 120 min apÃs à glicose (3g/kg) para medir a hipoglicemia. Na avaliaÃÃo da glicemia em ratos normais, os animais foram tratados com a FSM (100 mg/kg), GLI (5 mg/kg) ou Ãgua destilada e a glicemia medida antes e 5 dias depois do tratamento. O diabetes foi induzidos com aloxano (40 mg/kg, i.v) e apÃs 48 h, os animais foram tratados por via oral com a FSM (100 mg/kg), GLI (5 mg/kg) e TIR (2 e 4 mg/kg) e a glicemia determinada antes e 30, 60, 90 e 120 min apÃs à glicose. Outros grupos de animais diabÃticos foram tratados com a FSM (50 e 100 mg/kg), FRT (100 mg/kg), TIR (1- 4 mg/kg), GLI (2,5 e 5 mg/kg), MET (50 e 100 mg/kg) e 5 dias depois, o sangue foi coletado para avaliaÃÃo da glicemia, triglicerÃdios, VLDL, colesterol total, HDL, AST, ALT, urÃia e creatinina. Os animais que sobreviveram foram sacrificados, dissecados o pÃncreas e o fÃgado, e os ÃrgÃos foram usados para a avaliaÃÃo histopatolÃgica, sendo este Ãltimo tambÃm utilizado para avaliaÃÃo da atividade antioxidante (TBARS, GSH, catalase e nitritos/nitratos). Para determinaÃÃo da hemoglobina glicada in vitro foi utilizado sangue de ratos nÃo-diabÃticos incubados com D-glicose (50mM) e FSM ou TIR (50 g/ml). Na dosagem do glicogÃnio hepÃtico, ratos diabÃticos foram tratados por 10 dias com a FSM. A avaliaÃÃo da atividade analgÃsica foi realizada em camundongos Swiss, machos, tratados com a FSM (50 e 100 mg/kg, v.o.), TIR (1,2 e 4 mg/kg), GLI ( 5 mg/kg) e MOR (10 mg/kg,.) no teste da formalina. A atividade antiinflamatÃria foi analisada com os modelos do edema de pata induzido por carragenina ou dextrano, em ratos e camundongos tratados com FSM (50 e 100 e 200 mg/kg), TIR (1- 4 mg/kg), GLI ( 5 mg/kg), INDO (5 mg/kg) e CIPRO (5 e 10 mg/kg,v.o.). Resultados: A FSM demonstrou pequena atividade hipoglicemiante no teste de tolerÃncia a glicose em ratos normais e foi ineficaz em diabÃticos. A FSM reduziu a glicemia em ratos normais, enquanto a TIR nÃo teve efeito. O tratamento de ratos diabÃticos durante 5 dias com a FSM, FRT, TIR, GLI e MET reduziu a glicemia, triglicerÃdios, VLDL, urÃia e creatinina. Nenhuma potencializaÃÃo do efeito hipoglicÃmico foi observado com a associaÃÃo de FSM + TIR ou GLI + TIR. Os estudos histopatolÃgicos mostraram regeneraÃÃo das lesÃes e aumento do nÃmero de cÃlulas apÃs tratamento dos animais diabÃticos com a FSM, TIR e GLI. A FSM e TIR mostraram atividade antioxiodante, como aumento no nÃvel de GSH e reduÃÃo nos nÃveis de catalase e nitritos. A FRT aumentou somente o GSH. A FSM e TIR reduziram a hemoglobina glicada, demonstraram potente atividade analgÃsica, mas foram ineficazes como antiinflamatÃrias. A FSM e TIR nÃo reverteram a hiperglicemia induzida pelo diazÃxido, um bloqueador dos canais de potÃssio. MET e TIR reduziram a glicemia, triglicerÃdios, VLDL, urÃia e creatinina, e os efeitos hipoglicemiantes foram potencializados quando essas duas drogas foram associadas. ConclusÃo: Estes resultados confirmam a atividade hipoglicemiante da FSM. O mecanismo de aÃÃo nÃo parece ser similar aquele apresentado pelas sulfonilurÃias. A potencializaÃÃo do efeito hipoglicemiante da TIR foi observada apÃs sua associaÃÃo com MET, sugerindo que o mecanismo de aÃÃo dos constituintes hipoglicÃmicos de C. verticillata à similar ao das biguanidas. Posteriormente, a FSM e TIR apresentaram atividade antioxidante, reduzidos nÃveis de hemoglobina glicada, aumento do glicogÃnio hepÃtico, e no nÃmero de cÃlulas pancreÃticas, sugerindo que essas drogas diminuem a toxicidade hepÃtica e pancreÃtica. Embora a atividade antiinflamatÃria tenha sido marginal, seu efeito foi potencializado pela associaÃÃo com TIR, indicando que a TIR à um dos principais constituintes bioativos de Cissus verticillata.
IntroduÃÃo: A Cissus verticillata à uma planta, utilizada popularmente como antidiabÃtica e antiinflamatÃria, Objetivos: Investigar as atividades antidiabÃtica, analgÃsica, antiinflamatÃria e antioxidante da FraÃÃo SolÃvel em Metanol (FSM), FraÃÃo Rica em Tiramina (FRT) e tiramina (TIR) isolados de Cissus verticillata. Material e MÃtodos: Ratos Wistar, machos, foram tratados por via oral com a FSM (50 e 100 mg/kg), glibenclamida(GLI, 5 mg/kg), Ãgua destilada ou glicose), e o sangue coletado antes e 30, 60, 90 e 120 min apÃs à glicose (3g/kg) para medir a hipoglicemia. Na avaliaÃÃo da glicemia em ratos normais, os animais foram tratados com a FSM (100 mg/kg), GLI (5 mg/kg) ou Ãgua destilada e a glicemia medida antes e 5 dias depois do tratamento. O diabetes foi induzidos com aloxano (40 mg/kg, i.v) e apÃs 48 h, os animais foram tratados por via oral com a FSM (100 mg/kg), GLI (5 mg/kg) e TIR (2 e 4 mg/kg) e a glicemia determinada antes e 30, 60, 90 e 120 min apÃs à glicose. Outros grupos de animais diabÃticos foram tratados com a FSM (50 e 100 mg/kg), FRT (100 mg/kg), TIR (1- 4 mg/kg), GLI (2,5 e 5 mg/kg), MET (50 e 100 mg/kg) e 5 dias depois, o sangue foi coletado para avaliaÃÃo da glicemia, triglicerÃdios, VLDL, colesterol total, HDL, AST, ALT, urÃia e creatinina. Os animais que sobreviveram foram sacrificados, dissecados o pÃncreas e o fÃgado, e os ÃrgÃos foram usados para a avaliaÃÃo histopatolÃgica, sendo este Ãltimo tambÃm utilizado para avaliaÃÃo da atividade antioxidante (TBARS, GSH, catalase e nitritos/nitratos). Para determinaÃÃo da hemoglobina glicada in vitro foi utilizado sangue de ratos nÃo-diabÃticos incubados com D-glicose (50mM) e FSM ou TIR (50 g/ml). Na dosagem do glicogÃnio hepÃtico, ratos diabÃticos foram tratados por 10 dias com a FSM. A avaliaÃÃo da atividade analgÃsica foi realizada em camundongos Swiss, machos, tratados com a FSM (50 e 100 mg/kg, v.o.), TIR (1,2 e 4 mg/kg), GLI ( 5 mg/kg) e MOR (10 mg/kg,.) no teste da formalina. A atividade antiinflamatÃria foi analisada com os modelos do edema de pata induzido por carragenina ou dextrano, em ratos e camundongos tratados com FSM (50 e 100 e 200 mg/kg), TIR (1- 4 mg/kg), GLI ( 5 mg/kg), INDO (5 mg/kg) e CIPRO (5 e 10 mg/kg,v.o.). Resultados: A FSM demonstrou pequena atividade hipoglicemiante no teste de tolerÃncia a glicose em ratos normais e foi ineficaz em diabÃticos. A FSM reduziu a glicemia em ratos normais, enquanto a TIR nÃo teve efeito. O tratamento de ratos diabÃticos durante 5 dias com a FSM, FRT, TIR, GLI e MET reduziu a glicemia, triglicerÃdios, VLDL, urÃia e creatinina. Nenhuma potencializaÃÃo do efeito hipoglicÃmico foi observado com a associaÃÃo de FSM + TIR ou GLI + TIR. Os estudos histopatolÃgicos mostraram regeneraÃÃo das lesÃes e aumento do nÃmero de cÃlulas apÃs tratamento dos animais diabÃticos com a FSM, TIR e GLI. A FSM e TIR mostraram atividade antioxiodante, como aumento no nÃvel de GSH e reduÃÃo nos nÃveis de catalase e nitritos. A FRT aumentou somente o GSH. A FSM e TIR reduziram a hemoglobina glicada, demonstraram potente atividade analgÃsica, mas foram ineficazes como antiinflamatÃrias. A FSM e TIR nÃo reverteram a hiperglicemia induzida pelo diazÃxido, um bloqueador dos canais de potÃssio. MET e TIR reduziram a glicemia, triglicerÃdios, VLDL, urÃia e creatinina, e os efeitos hipoglicemiantes foram potencializados quando essas duas drogas foram associadas. ConclusÃo: Estes resultados confirmam a atividade hipoglicemiante da FSM. O mecanismo de aÃÃo nÃo parece ser similar aquele apresentado pelas sulfonilurÃias. A potencializaÃÃo do efeito hipoglicemiante da TIR foi observada apÃs sua associaÃÃo com MET, sugerindo que o mecanismo de aÃÃo dos constituintes hipoglicÃmicos de C. verticillata à similar ao das biguanidas. Posteriormente, a FSM e TIR apresentaram atividade antioxidante, reduzidos nÃveis de hemoglobina glicada, aumento do glicogÃnio hepÃtico, e no nÃmero de cÃlulas pancreÃticas, sugerindo que essas drogas diminuem a toxicidade hepÃtica e pancreÃtica. Embora a atividade antiinflamatÃria tenha sido marginal, seu efeito foi potencializado pela associaÃÃo com TIR, indicando que a TIR à um dos principais constituintes bioativos de Cissus verticillata.
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"Evaluation of the anti-diabetic activities of non-starch polysaccharides extracted from the fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus." 2005. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892362.
Full textAbstract:
by Li Chi Yeung.Thesis submitted in: November 2004.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-176).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Thesis Committee --- p.i
Acknowledgement --- p.ii
Abstract (English Version) --- p.iii
Abstract (Chinese Version) --- p.v
Content Page --- p.vii
List of Tables --- p.xiii
List of Figures --- p.xv
Abbreviation --- p.xvii
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Diabetes Mellitus --- p.1
Chapter 1.1.1 --- Epidemiology --- p.1
Chapter 1.1.2 --- Economic Impact --- p.3
Chapter 1.2 --- "Digestion, Absorption and Metabolism of Carbohydrates" --- p.4
Chapter 1.2.1 --- Carbohydrate Digestion --- p.4
Chapter 1.2.2 --- Carbohydrate Absorption --- p.6
Chapter 1.2.3 --- Insulin Secretion --- p.6
Chapter 1.3 --- Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus --- p.7
Chapter 1.3.1 --- Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (lDDM) --- p.7
Chapter 1.3.1.1 --- Genetics --- p.8
Chapter 1.3.1.2 --- Autoimmunity --- p.9
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NlDDM) --- p.11
Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- Insulin Resistance --- p.11
Chapter 1.3.2.2 --- Impaired Insulin Secretion --- p.14
Chapter 1.4 --- Management of Diabetes Mellitus --- p.15
Chapter 1.4.1 --- Sulfonylureas --- p.15
Chapter 1.4.2 --- Biguanides --- p.16
Chapter 1.4.3 --- Problems Encountered in the Management of Diabetes --- p.16
Chapter 1.4.4 --- Role of Dietary Fiber in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus --- p.18
Chapter 1.4.4.1 --- Dietary Fiber and Gastric Emptying Time --- p.19
Chapter 1.4.4.2 --- Dietary Fiber and Glucose Absorption in Small Intestine --- p.20
Chapter 1.4.5 --- Other Natural Products used for Diabetes Treatment…… --- p.22
Chapter 1.5 --- Mushrooms --- p.22
Chapter 1.5.1 --- The Definition of Mushrooms --- p.23
Chapter 1.5.2 --- Nutritional Values of Mushrooms --- p.24
Chapter 1.5.3 --- Production of Mushrooms --- p.25
Chapter 1.6 --- Medicinal (Antidiabetic) Properties of Mushrooms --- p.28
Chapter 1.6.1 --- Ganoderma lucidum --- p.29
Chapter 1.6.2 --- Tremella aurantia --- p.33
Chapter 1.6.3 --- Auricularia auricula --- p.36
Chapter 1.6.4 --- Grifola frondosa --- p.37
Chapter 1.7 --- Medicinal Uses of Hericium erinaceus --- p.39
Chapter 1.7.1 --- HeLa Cell Proliferation Inhibitors --- p.39
Chapter 1.7.2 --- Induction of Growth of Nerve Cells --- p.42
Chapter 1.7.3 --- Antitumour Activity --- p.42
Chapter 1.7.4 --- Antidiabetic Effect --- p.43
Chapter 1.8 --- Objectives --- p.45
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.46
Chapter 2.1 --- Extraction of Polysaccharides from the Fruiting Body of H. erinaceus --- p.46
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Small-scale Extraction --- p.46
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Large-scale Extraction --- p.47
Chapter 2.2 --- Physico-Chemical Characterization of HE-polysaccharides --- p.52
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Carbohydrate Content: Phenol-Sulfuric Acid Method --- p.52
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Protein Content: Lowry Assay --- p.52
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Uronic Acid Content --- p.53
Chapter 2.2.4 --- Molecular Weight Determination by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) --- p.55
Chapter 2.2.5 --- Determination of Monosaccharide Composition of Non-Starch Polysaccharides by Gas Chromatography (GC) --- p.56
Chapter 2.2.5.1 --- Acid Depolymerisation --- p.56
Chapter 2.2.5.2 --- Neutral Sugar Derivatisation --- p.56
Chapter 2.2.5.3 --- Determination of Neutral Sugar Composition by Gas Chromatography (GC) --- p.57
Chapter 2.2.6 --- Structural Study of Polysaccharides by Methylation --- p.59
Chapter 2.2.6.1 --- Preparation of dry Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) --- p.59
Chapter 2.2.6.2 --- Preparation of Methylsulfinyl Methyl Sodium (CH3SOCH2-Na+) from the dry DMSO and Sodium Hydride --- p.59
Chapter 2.2.6.3 --- Methylation Procedure --- p.60
Chapter 2.2.6.4 --- Preparation of Partially Methylated Alditol Acetates (PMAAs) --- p.61
Chapter 2.2.6.5 --- Analysis of the PMAAs by GC --- p.62
Chapter 2.2.7 --- The Measurement of Viscosity --- p.62
Chapter 2.3 --- In vitro Hypoglycemic Tests of HE-Polysaccharides --- p.64
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Glucose Dialysis Retardation Index (GDRl) --- p.64
Chapter 2.3.1.1 --- Experimental Setup --- p.64
Chapter 2.3.1.2 --- Measurement of Glucose in the Dialysate --- p.65
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Inhibition of Amylolysis --- p.66
Chapter 2.3.2.1 --- Experimental Setup --- p.66
Chapter 2.3.2.2 --- Measurement of Maltose in the Dialysate --- p.66
Chapter 2.4 --- In vivo Hypoglycemic Evaluation of HE-Polysaccharides --- p.67
Chapter 2.4.1 --- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) --- p.67
Chapter 2.4.2 --- Induction of Type l Diabetes in Normal BALB/c Mice --- p.69
Chapter 2.4.2.1 --- lnduction Protocol --- p.69
Chapter 2.4.2.2 --- Measurement of Plasma Glucose Level --- p.70
Chapter 2.4.3 --- Hypoglycemic Test on Normal and Diabetic BALB/c Mice --- p.71
Chapter 2.4.4 --- Measurement of Insulin Level by Enzyme-Linked Immunoadsorbent Assay (ELlSA) --- p.72
Chapter 2.4.4.1 --- Plasma Samples used in ELlSA --- p.72
Chapter 2.4.4.2 --- Assay Procedure --- p.73
Chapter 2.5 --- Statistical Evaluation --- p.74
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results and Discussion --- p.75
Chapter 3.1 --- Yield of Polysaccharides extracted from H. erinaceus --- p.75
Chapter 3.2 --- Physico-chemical Properties of HE Polysaccharides --- p.79
Chapter 3.2.1 --- "Carbohydrate, Protein and Uronic Acid Content" --- p.79
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Monosaccharide Compositions --- p.83
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Molecular Weight of the HE polysaccharides --- p.85
Chapter 3.2.4 --- Structure of HE polysaccharides --- p.90
Chapter 3.2.5 --- Conclusion for the Physico-chemical Properties of HE-Polysaccharides --- p.96
Chapter 3.2.6 --- Viscosity of HE Polysaccharides --- p.99
Chapter 3.3 --- In vitro Study of the Hypoglycemic Effect of HE-Polysaccharides --- p.101
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Glucose Dialysis Retardation Index (GDRl) --- p.101
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Inhibition of α-Amylase Activity --- p.105
Chapter 3.4 --- In vivo Hypoglycemic Evaluation of HE-Polysaccharides --- p.109
Chapter 3.4.1 --- In vivo Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) in Normal Mice --- p.109
Chapter 3.4.1.1 --- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test --- p.109
Chapter 3.4.1.2 --- Effect of Change of Viscosity of HE Polysaccharide in the Gl Tract of Mice --- p.114
Chapter 3.4.2 --- Establishment of a Diabetic Murine Model --- p.120
Chapter 3.4.3 --- Hypoglycemic Activity of HE-polysaccharides in Normal Mice --- p.123
Chapter 3.4.4 --- Hypoglycemic Activity of HE-polysaccharides in Diabetic Mice --- p.126
Chapter 3.4.5 --- Change of Plasma Insulin Level in the Hypoglycemic Test --- p.132
Chapter 3.4.6 --- Comparison of Hypoglycemic Activity of HE-Polysaccharides in Normal and Diabetic mice --- p.139
Chapter 3.4.6.1 --- Severity of Diabetic Conditions lnduced --- p.139
Chapter 3.4.6.2 --- Change in Insulin Secretion --- p.140
Chapter 3.4.6.3 --- Glucose Transporter --- p.140
Chapter 3.5 --- Other Factors that Affect in vivo Hypoglycemic Activity of the HE-polysaccharides --- p.141
Chapter 3.5.1 --- Route of Administration: Oral Feeding and Intraperitoneal Injection --- p.141
Chapter 3.5.2 --- Molecular Mechanisms of Hypoglycemic Activity --- p.142
Chapter 3.5.3 --- Glucose Toxicity --- p.144
Chapter 3.5.3.1 --- Insulin Resistance --- p.144
Chapter 3.5.3.2 --- Impaired Insulin Secretion --- p.145
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Conclusions and Future Works --- p.147
References --- p.151
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Hsu, Chih-Ming, and 許志明. "Study on the hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities of natural products isolated from Cucurbita moschata." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58787094235716534344.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
生物科技研究所
100
Insulin resistance, the impaired sensitivity of tissues to insulin, is a causative factor for type 2 diabetes. Whereas the occurrence of insulin resistance is closely related to inflammation induced by cytokines such as TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α). Thus, anti-inflammation is suggested to be a strategy for treating and preventing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Previously, fractions isolated from the crude extract of Cucurbita moschata were found to have hypoglycemic activities in diabetic mice. Eleven natural products were purified from these fractions. To obtain more insights about the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of C. moschata, this study aimed to characterize the hypoglycemic effects and anti-inflammatory activities of these natural products. Among the eleven compounds, three of them, namely syringaresinol (NH40), ferulin acid (NH65) and (22E,24R)-24-methyl-6β-methoxy-5α-cholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5-diol (NH76) were found to increase glucose uptake of insulin-resistant cells in the presence of insulin, indicating an insulin sensitizer activity. Meanwhile, NH76 and 3β-hydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-5,8,22-trien-7-one (NH86) could increase glucose uptake of normal cells and activate AMP-activated protein kinase, suggesting an insulin-like activity. NH65 and 4-ketopinoresinol (NH63) diminished TNF-α-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, implying an anti-inflammatory activity. Further investigation suggested that NH65 and NH40 activated the insulin signaling pathway in insulin-resistant cells. Meanwhile, NH76 was confirmed to activate the insulin signaling pathway in both normal cells and insulin-resistant cells. In conclusion, natural products from C. moschata exhibited multiple functions, including insulin-like, insulin sensitizer, and anti-inflammatory activities. These activities likely contribute to the hypoglycemic effect of C. moschata.
Book chapters on the topic "Hypoglycemic activities"
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Shaaban, Hamdy A., and Amr Farouk. "Potential Antimicrobial Activities of Terpenoids." In Terpenoids: Recent Advances in Extraction, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 279–97. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9781681089645122010014.
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The antimicrobial effect of essential oils and their main constituents, the terpenoids, has been generally reviewed in this article, with a comparative investigation of the structure-activity relationship. Terpenoids are widespread metabolites in plants belonging to different chemical classes, whereas oxygenated derivatives constitute the predominates. They could be classified as diterpenes, triterpenes, tetraterpenes, or hemiterpenes and sesquiterpenes. As crude materials, terpenoids are also broadly utilized in drug, food, and beauty care product ventures. Terpenoids have antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antimalarial effects, promote transdermal absorption, prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases, and hypoglycemic activities. Moreover, terpenoids have many critical uses as insecticides, immunoregulators, antioxidants, antiaging, and neuroprotection agents. Terpenoids have a complicated construction with assorted impacts and various components of activity. Using plants – containing – terpenoids as neutraceuticals in the nutrition of humans and animals also constitutes a potential issue as natural inhibitors for microbes. These phytochemicals are generally conveyed in soil products and are particularly helpful in food protection as microbial development inhibitors.
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Kumar Sahu, Pratap, and Prashant Tiwari. "Impact of Shodhana on Semecarpus anacardium Nuts." In Alternative Medicine - Update. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94189.
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Semecarpus anacardium is classified in Ayurveda under the category of toxic plants. However, this toxic plant is reported to possess anti-inflammatory activity, anti-arthritic effect, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, anti- carcinogenic activity, hypoglycemic activity, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and hypolipidemic activity etc. All these activities are attributed to its various constituents like phenolic compounds, flavonoids, carbohydrates, alkaloids, steroids, etc. In Ayurveda, a series of pharmaceutical procedures which converts a poisonous drug into a safe and therapeutically effective medicine is termed as Shodhana. Shodhana improves the yield, decreases the phenolic and flavonoid content; and converts toxic urushiol into nontoxic anacardol derivative thereby reducing toxicity of nuts of Semecarpus anacardium. There are reports of alteration in pharmacology and phytochemistry of nuts of Semecarpus anacardium due to Shodhana.
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Hernández-Vega, Josué Daniel, Erik G. Tovar-Pérez, and Ixchel Parola-Contreras. "Biologically Active Peptides from Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.], Foxtail Millet [Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.] and Finger Millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn] Grains." In Frontiers in Bioactive Compounds, 76–93. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815123340123040008.
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Millet is a small grain. Africa and Asia are the largest producers and consumers. Millet is hardier than large grain cereals and could be added to multi-season, multi-crop agriculture. It has nutritional properties such as proteins and carbohydrates, high content of fiber and unsaturated fats, essential amino acids, minerals, and vitamins, and it is considered a highly energetic cereal. The health benefits of whole millet grain consumption are risk reduction of various chronic diseases. In addition, it is characterized by having short growing seasons; it grows in poor soils and with efficient use of water. The consumption of this cereal is indicated for high-performance athletes, pregnant women, people suffering from stress or weakness, vegetarians and those seeking nutritional balance. Its largest protein fractions are albumin, prolamins and glutelins. Cereal peptides from their protein fractions have been found to possess biological activities of high interest to maintain and improve human health. Peptides from millet grains have been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities.
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Kielb, Daiane Sander, Amabília Daniella da Cruz, Fátima Terezinha Pelachini Farias, Teresa Cristina Gaio, and Marco Antonio Schueda. "Herbal medicine Cissus sicyoides as a complement to the treatment of type II Diabetes Mellitus." In The Evolution of Research in Health Sciences. Seven Editora, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.006-009.
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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has become a public health issue in recent years. The comorbidities that affect its carriers lead to a reduction in daily activities, worsening of quality of life, and increased mortality because of diseases and complications of the disease. The basic health units, together with their health promotion programs and prevention strategies, have been adapting the protocols for comprehensive care of patients with diabetes mellitus, guiding them to a healthier lifestyle. This study showed the benefits of the complementary use of phytotherapy, specifically Cissus sicyoides in patients with diabetes mellitus, demonstrating hypoglycemic effects in 50% of patients submitted to the use of dry extract. As an adjuvant to the treatment of diabetes mellitus II, there is a need to implement strategies that reinforce the use of herbal therapies and research needs to be carried out for this purpose.
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Ramos, Mateus Lima, Isabela Mota Ramos, Jonas Alves Vieira, Ananda Helena Nunes Cunha, Orlene Silva da Costa, Lis Vieira Cordeiro, and Alice Alves Cordeiro. "Evaluation of the biological activity of the medicinal plant pata-de-vaca (Bauhinia forficata L.) against the bacterium Escherichia coli, using a flow injection analysis system." In CONNECTING EXPERTISE MULTIDISCIPLINARY DEVELOPMENT FOR THE FUTURE. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/connexpemultidisdevolpfut-074.
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Plants for medicinal purposes are widely used worldwide for the treatment, cure and prevention of diseases. Among the numerous plant species of medicinal interest, the plants of the genus Bauhinia are cited a lot, which are normally found in the tropical areas of the planet, and have some important pharmacological activities, for example, hypoglycemic. The objectives of this work were: to evaluate the biological activity of the medicinal plant pata-de-vaca (Bauhinia forficata L.), against the bacterium Escherichia Coli using a flow injection analysis system, coupled with a spectrophotometer, and, in parallel, to carry out the research of secondary metabolites present in the leaves of this plant, through the so-called prospecting tests. Through this system, it was possible to observe its behavior against the bacteria E. coli. The present study demonstrated that there is a range of metabolites present in the leaves of Bauhinia forficata L., which may present significant pharmacological and biological activities. It was also found that there are indications that compounds present in this plant may favor, and others may inhibit, the proliferation of microorganisms, in theory the bacteria Escherichia coli. The ethyl acetate, hexane and aqueous fractions obtained from the crude ethanolic extract of the plant samples were used.
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Chaudhary, Priyanka, Shivika Sharma, and Vikas Sharma. "Exploring Plant Tissue Culture in Ocimum basilicum L." In In Vitro Propagation and Secondary Metabolite Production from Medicinal Plants: Current Trends (Part 2), 180–95. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815196351124010009.
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Ocimum basilicum is a well-known, economically important therapeutic plant that belongs to the family Lamiaceae. Basil is marvelous in the environment as the complete plant has been used as a conventional remedy for domestic therapy against numerous illnesses since ancient times. O. basilicum exhibited interesting biological effects due to the presence of several bioactives such as eugenol, methyl eugenol, cineone and anthocyanins. O. basilicum possesses antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, immunomodulator, antiulcerogenic, antioxidant, chemomodulatory and larvicidal activities. The oil of this plant has been found to be valuable for the cure of wasp stings, snakebites, mental fatigue, and cold. The demand of this multipurpose medicinal plant is growing day by day due to its economic importance, pharmacological properties and its numerous uses in cooking and folk medicine. Thus seeing the exciting biological activities of O. basilicum, micropropagation could be a fascinating substitute for the production of this medicinal plant because numerous plantlets can be achieved in fewer times with the assurance of genetic stability. An overview of the current study showed the use of the plant tissue culture technique for micropropagation, which is very beneficial for duplicating and moderating the species, which are problematic to regenerate by conventional methods and save them from extinction.
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Nandikatti, Vijayalakshmi, M. Bujji Babu, K. J. Vergelia Jenifer, and Sk Abida. "Extraction, Isolation, Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Anti Oxidant and Hypoglycemic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Tagetes Patula Linn Flowers." In Current Trends in Drug Discovery, Development and Delivery (CTD4-2022), 666–72. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781837671090-00666.
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Tagetes patula L. flowers possess different therapeutic properties, because of the presence of phytochemicals like terpenoids, flavonoids and thiophenes. The main objective of this study was to do extraction, followed by phytochemical screening, isolation and evaluation of antidiabetic and anti-oxidant activities of methanolic extract of Tagetes patula L. flowers. The evaluation of antidiabetic activity was carried out by α–amylase inhibition method and the anti-oxidant activity was evaluated hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay and nitric oxide scavenging method. The crude methanolic extract and selected column fractions of Tagetes patula L. flowers have shown anti-oxidant activity. In case of hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay the IC50 value was 8.9 µg mL-1 and in nitric oxide scavenging method it was 31.7 µg mL-1. The IC50 value for antidiabetic activity was 220 µg mL-1. Both the crude methanolic extract and selected column fractions of Tagetes patula L. flowers shown significant antidiabetic and anti-oxidant activity when compared with standards.
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Akinyinka Akinwumi, Kazeeem, Oluwole Olusoji Eleyowo, and Omolara Omowunmi Oladipo. "A Review on the Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Effect of Luffa cylindrica." In Pharmacognosy - Medicinal Plants [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98405.
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Luffa cylindrica, popularly known as sponge gourd is a tropic and sub-tropical fibrous plant with fruits containing black seeds. The fruit is consumed by humans as a vegetable in many parts of Asia, while different parts of the plant are used for cosmetics and as medicine in many parts of the globe. The plant has been used in the treatment of many ailments including nose cancer, snake venom, wound healing, edema, enterobiasis, filaria, whooping cough, stomach upset, stomach pain and malaria. Many health-promoting compounds such as flavonoids (apigenin-7- glucuronide luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester, -O-feruloyl-β-D-glucose, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester), phenolics acids (p-Coumaric, gallic, caffeic, chlorogenic), triterpenoids (oleanolic acid and echinocystic acid), saponins (Lucyoside A-M), tannins (catechin), ribosome-inactivating proteins (α- luffin), carotenoids (9 -cis neoxanthin, all-trans-lutein, all-trans-β-carotene), chlorophylls (chlorophyll a and b, pheophytin), cucurbitacin B and gypsogenin have been detected or isolated from different parts of the plants. Extracts of the plant and isolated compounds have wide spectrum pharmacological activities and have been shown to possess antiemetic, antidiabetic, antiviral, wound healing, anticancer, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-bacteria, anthelmintic, hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity, and hepato-protective effects in animal models. However, further information is needed on its safety and mechanisms of action. The present article is an updated review of the ethnobotanical uses, pharmacological actions, phytochemistry, safety, and future application of Luffa cylindrica in translational medicine.
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Yaldiz, Gulsum, and Mahmut Camlica. "Assessment of Secondary Metabolites with Different Uses of Fenugreek." In Legumes [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99479.
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Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) is an annual medicinal plant with trifoliate leaves, a branched stem, white flowers, rooted tubers, and golden yellow seed belonging to Fabaceae family. Fenugreek is used in different industries such as pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and food industries as an ancient crop plant. Fenugreek is grown as a medicinal herb in many countries and has antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypercholesterolemia, stomach protective, chemopreventive, laxative and appetite stimulating properties. In recent years, many important studies have been conducted on the biological activities and therapeutic properties of fenugreek mainly secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and saponins. These compounds are used for multipurpose uses in different industries and also appreciated by scientists. Based on these several health usefulness as discussed in review, fenugreek might be a good candidate for a herbal drug and used for preparation of new drugs. In this review, secondary metabolites used in different industries of fenugreek will be discussed and general benefits of them will be expressed within the all significant aspect of fenugreek as clearly. This review also highlights the traditional uses and nutraceutical properties (antioxidant activity, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer hypoglemic effects and anti-inflammatory and immunological activity) of fenugreek. These uses and effect properties of fenugreek have been discussed and researchable areas were implied to depending on the previous studies. In the future, studies on fenugreek are needed some important applications to increasing the popularity of fenugreek. In this context, researchers should be focused on secondary and primary metabolite studies in fenugreek seeds and leaves. In addition to these, fenugreek germplasm should be collected and subjected to intensive selection via modern breeding programs and new fenugreek genotypes with desired properties should be obtained.
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Bashir, Rashida, Samra Tabassum, Ayoub Rashid, Shafiqur Rehman, Ahmad Adnan, and Rabia Ghaffar. "Bioactive Components of Root Vegetables." In Root Vegetables [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105961.
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Health and nutrition values force the lifestyle to embrace functional food which accommodates health-promoting nutrients. Root vegetables are an excellent source of health-promoting phytoconstituents, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, essential oils, proteins, and bioactive pigments. These bioactive compounds impart broad-spectrum pharmacological activities, including anti-hepatotoxicity, anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertension, anti-depressant, and anti-hypoglycemia. In this context, quantification via a compatible extraction technique is essential. However, these bioactive compounds are sensitive to heat processing, growth conditions, pre-extraction treatments, and extraction techniques. The recovery of bioactive compounds and their health benefits can be further enhanced by suitable processing, storage, and proper supplementation. The present review aims to comprehensively discuss the bioactive compounds of root vegetables along with factors influencing these compounds and the involvement of root vegetables in oxidative stress reduction, as reported in the literature (2001–2022).
Conference papers on the topic "Hypoglycemic activities"
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Zhang, Jin-Xiu, Dan-Dan Gu, Xiao-Jing Zhao, Jun-Xia Zhao, Xiao-Xi Shui, Yan-Qin Wang, Zhi-Guang Qi, and Li-An Wang. "A Primary Study of the Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic and Antitumor Activities of SLE." In 2015 International Conference on Medicine and Biopharmaceutical. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814719810_0106.
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Yusakul, G., P. Saensom, N. Mitsantia, C. Pengdee, and W. Putalun. "High-performance liquid chromatography for analysis of corosolic acid in Lagerstroemia species and their hypoglycemic activities." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399758.
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Urzeala, Constanta, and Mihaela Vlaiculescu. "UTILIZATION OF CONTINUOUS GLYCEMIC MONITORING SYSTEMS AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE IN THE DIABETIC CHILD." In eLSE 2015. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-15-235.
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This study is achieved and published under the aegis of the National University of Physical Education and Sports of Bucharest, as a partner in the program co-financed by the European Social Fund through the Sectoral Operational Programme for Human Resources Development 2007-2013, developed through the project Pluri- and interdisciplinary in doctoral and post-doctoral programmes, Project Code: POSDRU/159/1.5/S/141086, its main beneficiary being the Research Institute for Quality of Life, Romanian Academy. Our contribution to the project development is based on a research topic oriented towards the possibilities of interdisciplinary intervention on the diabetic child, in the context of the permanent concerns of the diabetes care team to keep under control the evolution of this diagnosis. The objective of the present paper is to highlight the opportunity for the child with type 1 mellitus diabetes of using the continuous glycemic monitoring system (CGMS) also during the development of physical education programmes, not only in domestic and school activities, as a support tool for adjusting the effort parameters and reducing the risk of hypoglycemia. The research took place within the Bucharest National University of Physical Education and Sports, in cooperation with the Bucharest DiabNutriMed Clinic of Diabetes, in the period between October and December 2014. As research methods, we used: bibliographic study, observation, computerized devices for continuous glycemic monitoring- DEXCOM G4 Platinum and also the case study. In this paper, we present the case of a diabetic child aged 6 years, who was diagnosed with this metabolic disease at 2 years and 6 months and who has been benefiting of a CGMS for about 2 years. His involvement in physical exercise programmes is put under the sign of the major risk of hypoglycemia, given the pronounced tendency of his body to have low glycemic values. The advantage of the electronic device he permanently carries, regardless of the type of activity performed, must also be emphasized in the case of his participation in motor activities, the more so as physical effort is a blood glucose-consumer. CGMS allows the teacher to find the initial, intermediate and final glycemic values without using the glucometer under conditions of precarious hygiene. Then, depending on the glycemic value displayed on the device screen during practice, the teacher chooses the physical exercises and establishes the effort dosing. In this way, the glycemic value that threatens the child's functional state is identified and the administration of carbohydrates in due time is facilitated, by reducing the risk of hypoglycemia and preventing the hypoglycemic coma. In conclusion, we appreciate as efficient the utilization of continuous glycemic monitoring systems in the case of physical exercise performed by the child with type 1 mellitus diabetes and we encourage the specialists in physical education and sports to get involved without reticence into the development of motor activities with this category of population.
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Lammi, Carmen. "From the bench to the bedside: the history of lupin bioactive peptides as useful ingredient for the prevention of metabolic syndrome." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/bwgm4089.
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Proteins derived from lupin seeds are gaining attention as a source of bioactive peptides. In fact, several pieces of evidence highlight the biological activities of lupin protein hydrolysates and peptides, including hypocholesterolemic, hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The health-promoting activities of lupin peptides have been tested in different animal models and clinical trials. Briefly, diets containing protein from L. albus or L. angustifolius significantly reduce both total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-C) levels versus control diets containing casein in a rat or hamster models of hypercholesterolemia. An uncontrolled clinical trial on L. albus and two controlled ones on L. angustifolius have confirmed the hypocholesterolemic activity in humans. In light with these evidences and with a more updated perception of the phenomenon, our study suggests that the observed health-promoting activity does not lie in the native protein, but the mixture of peptides generated from the physiological hydrolysis of proteins during digestion. Indeed, many efforts have been pursued in order to characterize the molecular mechanism through which lupin hydrolysates, obtained different hydrolytic enzymes, exert hypocholesterolemic and anti-diabetic effects in vitro and in vivo. In this context, specific peptides responsible of the biological activity exerted by the peptide mixture were also identified and fully characterized from chemical and biological point of view. Doubtless, our results highlight that lupin hydrolysates may be exploited as new ingredients for the development of dietary supplements or functional foods
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Vasconcelos, Matheus Felipe de Souza, Francisco Tomaz Meneses de Oliveira, Rafael Zini Moreira da Silva, and Alex Michel Daoud. "Neurological and adrenal insufficiency symptons in adult x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: case report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.347.
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Context: X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a rare genetic demyelinating disease caused by mutations in ABC1 gen associated with an impairment of beta- oxidation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) in peroxisomes. It causes accumulation of VCLFA in tissues affecting majoritary the central nervous system, testicles and the adrenal córtex resulting in symptoms which provides restricted neurological prognosis and sequels. Methods: Specific data related of a clinical case through prontuary and complementary exams in a patient attended at Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo hospital. Case report: Male patient, 39 years old, complaning about vomiting, hyperpigmented skin associated with abolish, psicoses, urinary incontinence, temporal and spacial confusion as well as were found: hyperkalaemia, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, elevated ACTH levels, basal cortisol decresead, antibody anti-21-hidroxilase non reagente, screening for infectious agents were carried out and infection subsequently ruled out. Were observed in MRI Brain: hypersignal in cerebral white matter on T2-FLAIR sequence bilaterally in which the occipitoparietal region, frontal lobe and basal ganglia were more affected. After metabolic and hydroelectric disorders estabilization using Prednisone, Fludrocortisone per day for 5 days, he evolved with worsening of cognitive and behavioral status until nowdays. Actually, he is totally dependent on his basic activities. Conclusions: It is a rare disease, but it must be recognized by every neurologist, since it is can affect other systems and can leave serious sequelae.
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Urzeala, Constanta, and Mihaela Vlaiculescu. "TELEMEDICINE AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE FOR THE CHILD WITH DIABETES." In eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-241.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is a case study that highlights our concern for increasing the quality of life of the child with diabetes, using telemedicine devices. The central objective is to emphasize the efficiency of the Omnipod wireless insulin pump in the case of a child who, together with the diabetes care team, appropriately manages this metabolic disease and whose treatment also includes physical exercise. Our interest is oriented towards proving the effects derived from the practice of physical exercises on decreasing the amount of insulin administered during the days when the child participates in motor activities, through computerized monitoring. The research was conducted at the Bucharest DiabNutriMed Clinic of Diabetes, from September to November 2015. As research methods, we used: bibliographic study, observation, case study. Data were collected using the computerized DEXCOM Platinum G4 continuous glucose monitoring devices, the Omnipod wireless insulin pump and their related software programs, and the Diasend platform for downloading the data. We present the case of a child with diabetes who has been using a wireless insulin pump since June 2015. We mention that this child is included in the target group of the project sponsored by Vodafone, "Telemedicine and the insulin-dependent child", obtained by the DiabNutriMed Clinic,which aims to introduce advanced technology, with sensors for continuous glucose monitoring, 24hours a day, which eliminates the need for daily injections to measure the glucose levels. During our study, the child participated regularly in physical exercise programs, three times a week, outside the school schedule, practicing activities such as swimming and dynamic games. Information about the child's glucose level and its evolution trend was sent to a web platform and visualized in real time by the family and the diabetes physician, who provided guidance on treatment. According to the indications, the family could remotely administer insulin using the wireless insulin pump with remote control, while the child was carrying out educational and recreational activities uninterruptedly. It was found that, during the days of participation in motor activities, the amount of insulin decreased, its administration being even suspended when the child showed a tendency towards persistent hypoglycemia, which is impossible to achieve in the insulin therapy administered with an insulin pen, where, once administered, insulin cannot be stopped any more over its entire duration of action, 4 to 6 hours (for rapid insulin). Recording these beneficial effects of physical exercises on the child with diabetes entitles us to state that the Omnipod wireless insulin pump represents not only an instrument for insulin administration, but also a possibility of individualized management adaptable to the activities of the child from minute to minute, which allows him/her free access to various activities. In conclusion, we consider as efficient the use of telemedicine devices for the child with diabetes, because it facilitates a good control of this disease and brings more hope in his life.