Relevant bibliographies by topics / HypoDD

Academic literature on the topic 'HypoDD'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "HypoDD"

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Araujo, Sebastián, Liliana Troncoso, and Mario Ruiz. "Relocalización por dobles diferencias del cluster sísmico de Pisayambo." La Granja 10, no. 2 (December 30, 2009): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17163/lgr.n10.2009.03.

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<p>En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la relocalización de sismos relacionados con el cluster sísmico de Pisayambo, provincia de Tungurahua en Ecuador. Se utiliza el programa hypoDD basado en el método de dobles diferencias. Los resultados obtenidos ofrecen evidencia sobre eventos en Pisayambo que definen una región caótica de focos sísmicos superficiales. Este trabajo es una muestra importante del funcionamiento del program hypoDD para el caso de problemas sísmicos altamente no lineales y subdeterminados.</p>
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Diaz, Nandaru, Komang Ngurah Suarbawa, and Adityo Mursitantyo. "Earthquake Relocation in Northern Bali Island in 2015-2017 using Double Difference Method (DD)." BULETIN FISIKA 19, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/bf.2018.v19.i02.p05.

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A research about earthquake relocation in Northern Bali Island in 2015 – 2017 using the Double Difference (DD) method has been carried out. Earthquake relocation is important to get some informations about earthquake locations with high accuracy, fault zone identification, earthquake distribution and seismic analysis. The results of the relocation indicated that there was a displacement of the location of earthquake that formed moving closer to the earthquake source namely a fault. Relocation using HypoDD program gave high accurate result indicated by the RMS residual time value close to zero e.g. 0,000 - 0.01 which mean the results of calculations and observations are closed to the real value.
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Zhou, Lianqing, Cuiping Zhao, Miao Zhang, Lisheng Xu, Rensheng Cui, Ce Zhao, Mengqiao Duan, and Jun Luo. "Machine-learning-based earthquake locations reveal the seismogenesis of the 2020 Mw 5.0 Qiaojia, Yunnan earthquake." Geophysical Journal International 228, no. 3 (October 18, 2021): 1637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab420.

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SUMMARY A moment magnitude (Mw) 5.0 earthquake hit Qiaojia, Yunnan, China on 18 May 2020. Its hypocentre is only approximately 20 km away from the Baihetan reservoir, the second largest hydropower station in China. The Baihetan Reservoir is located at the junction of multiple fault zones on the eastern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block, an area with high background seismic activity. The Baihetan Reservoir was planned to be impounded in April 2021 and the Mw 5.0 earthquake occurred during its water-retaining. Thus, it is critical to investigate the seismogenesis of the Qiaojia Mw 5.0 main shock and evaluate the risk of inducing earthquakes near the Baihetan Reservoir after impoundment. In this study, we built a complete and accurate earthquake catalogue to analyse seismicity in the reservoir area before and after the Mw 5.0 Qiaojia earthquake. We adopted a machine learning-based seismic phase picker, PhaseNet, to automatically detect seismic picks from continuous raw seismic data. Seismic phase picks were associated and located using sequential earthquake association and location methods, including REAL, VELEST and hypoDD. We eventually obtained high-precision locations of 1640 earthquakes by the hypoDD. The distribution of earthquake locations indicates that a concealed fault nearly vertical to the surface accommodated the Mw 5.0 Qiaojia main shock. The majority of its aftershocks is located within a narrow depth range of 8–13 km, indicating that the stresses in the hypocentral area were concentrated near the hypocentre of the Mw 5.0 earthquake. Along with focal mechanism solutions, we suggested that the Mw 5.0 Qiaojia earthquake is more likely a tectonic earthquake. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that earthquakes could be induced after the impoundment of Baihetan Reservoir, because the identified concealed fault is located in the middle of many large fault zones and only 20 km away from the Baihetan Reservoir.
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Wang, WeiLai, JianPing Wu, LiHua Fang, and ChangZai Wang. "Relocation of the Yushu M S7.1 earthquake and its aftershocks in 2010 from HypoDD." Science China Earth Sciences 56, no. 2 (July 2, 2012): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11430-012-4450-z.

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Adams, William M., Lesley W. Vandermark, Luke N. Belval, and Douglas J. Casa. "The Utility of Thirst as a Measure of Hydration Status Following Exercise-Induced Dehydration." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (November 7, 2019): 2689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112689.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the perception of thirst as a marker of hydration status following prolonged exercise in the heat. Twelve men (mean ± SD; age, 23 ± 4 y; body mass, 81.4 ± 9.9 kg; height, 182 ± 9 cm; body fat, 14.3% ± 4.7%) completed two 180 min bouts of exercise on a motorized treadmill in a hot environment (35.2 ± 0.6 °C; RH, 30.0 ± 5.4%), followed by a 60 min recovery period. Participants completed a euhydrated (EUH) and hypohydrated (HYPO) trial. During recovery, participants were randomly assigned to either fluid replacement (EUHFL and HYPOFL; 10 min ad libitum consumption) or no fluid replacement (EUHNF and HYPONF). Thirst was measured using both a nine-point scale and separate visual analog scales. The percent of body mass loss (%BML) was significantly greater immediately post exercise in HYPO (HYPOFL, 3.0% ± 1.2%; HYPONF, 2.6% ± 0.6%) compared to EUH (EUHFL, 0.2% ± 0.7%; EUHNF, 0.6% ± 0.5%) trials (p < 0.001). Following recovery, there were no differences in %BML between HYPOFL and HYPONF (p > 0.05) or between EUHFL and EUHNF (p > 0.05). Beginning at minute 5 during the recovery period, thirst perception was significantly greater in HYPONF than EUHFL, EUHNF, and HYPOFL (p < 0.05). A 10 min, ad libitum consumption of fluid post exercise when hypohydrated (%BML > 2%), negated differences in perception of thirst between euhydrated and hypohydrated trials. These results represent a limitation in the utility of thirst in guiding hydration practices.
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Ma, Shutian, Dariush Motazedian, and Maurice Lamontagne. "Further studies on the 1988 MW 5.9 Saguenay, Quebec, earthquake sequence." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 55, no. 10 (October 2018): 1115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2017-0231.

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Many small earthquakes occur annually in Eastern Canada, but moderate to strong earthquakes are infrequent. The 25 November 1988 MW 5.9 Saguenay mainshock remains the largest earthquake in the last 80 years in eastern North America. In this article, some aspects of that earthquake sequence were re-analyzed using several modern methods. The regional depth-phase modeling procedure was used to refine the focal depths for the foreshock, the aftershocks, and other MN ≥ 2.5 regional earthquakes. The hypocenters of 10 earthquakes were relocated using hypoDD. The spatial distribution of eight relocated hypocenters defines the rupture plane of the mainshock. The moment tensor for the mainshock was retrieved using three-component long-period surface wave records at station HRV (Harvard seismograph station) with additional constraints from P-wave polarities. One nodal plane is conclusively identified to be close to the rupture plane, and its strike is similar to the trend of the south wall of the Saguenay Graben. Based on the consistency between the strike of the nodal plane and the trend of the Graben, as well as the deep focal depth distribution, we suggest that the Saguenay earthquake sequence is related to the reactivation of one of the faults of the Saguenay Graben.
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Rendina, Domenico, Renato Ippolito, Lanfranco D’Elia, Gilberta Giacchetti, Chiara Lonati, Fernando Gianfrancesco, Francesco Fallo, et al. "Hypovitaminosis D and Organ Damage In Patients With Arterial Hypertension: A Multicenter Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial of Cholecalciferol Supplementation (HYPODD)." High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention 22, no. 2 (March 14, 2015): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40292-015-0080-9.

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Karamanos, Ch K., V. G. Karakostas, L. Seeber, E. E. Papadimitriou, and A. A. Kilias. "RECENT SEISMIC ACTIVITY IN CENTRAL GREECE REVEALING LOCAL SEISMOTECTONIC PROPERTIES." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 4 (January 25, 2017): 2075. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11397.

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The December 2008, M=5.2 earthquake occurred in the Voiotikos–Kifissos basin near the town of Amfikleia in Central Greece and was followed by an intense sequence with hundreds of earthquakes. Mainshock source characteristics derived from the recordings of the Greek National Seismological Network are consistent with previous known earthquakes as well as with the current nearly N–S extensional regime. The adequate azimuthal coverage and the calculated time residuals at each seismological station ensure high location accuracy, whereas the stations operated close to the seismic excitations constrained 80% of the focal depths between 8 and 12km. Distances from the mainshock epicenter to the 10 closest seismological stations vary from 15 to 75 km. Hypoinverse and HypoDD were used for locations, and FPFIT was used for fault plane solutions of events with an adequate number of clear first arrivals. The hypocenters and focal mechanisms illuminate a ≈10km–long fault zone striking nearly E–W with oblique normal faulting and a small left lateral component. The Voiotikos–Kifissos basin is bordered in the south by two left–stepping en echelon segments known as the Pavliani fault zone and the Parnassos detachment, which strike NW and dip NE. In our preferred interpretation, the Amfikleia mainshock ruptured a previously recognized south–dipping fault antithetic to the basin border faults. This fault may be associated with the left step on the border fault, which would be releasing if that fault had a sinistral component.
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Zhang, Miao, William L. Ellsworth, and Gregory C. Beroza. "Rapid Earthquake Association and Location." Seismological Research Letters 90, no. 6 (September 11, 2019): 2276–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220190052.

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ABSTRACT Rapid association of seismic phases and event location are crucial for real‐time seismic monitoring. We propose a new method, named rapid earthquake association and location (REAL), for associating seismic phases and locating seismic events rapidly, simultaneously, and automatically. REAL combines the advantages of both pick‐based and waveform‐based detection and location methods. It associates arrivals of different seismic phases and locates seismic events primarily through counting the number of P and S picks and secondarily from travel‐time residuals. A group of picks are associated with a particular earthquake if there are enough picks within the theoretical travel‐time windows. The location is determined to be at the grid point with the most picks, and if multiple locations have the same maximum number of picks, the grid point among them with smallest travel‐time residuals. We refine seismic locations using a least‐squares location method (VELEST) and a high‐precision relative location method (hypoDD). REAL can be used for rapid seismic characterization due to its computational efficiency. As an example application, we apply REAL to earthquakes in the 2016 central Apennines, Italy, earthquake sequence occurring during a five‐day period in October 2016, midway in time between the two largest earthquakes. We associate and locate more than three times as many events (3341) as are in Italy's National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology routine catalog (862). The spatial distribution of these relocated earthquakes shows a similar but more concentrated pattern relative to the cataloged events. Our study demonstrates that it is possible to characterize seismicity automatically and quickly using REAL and seismic picks.
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Cirillo, Daniele, Cristina Totaro, Giusy Lavecchia, Barbara Orecchio, Rita de Nardis, Debora Presti, Federica Ferrarini, Simone Bello, and Francesco Brozzetti. "Structural complexities and tectonic barriers controlling recent seismic activity in the Pollino area (Calabria–Lucania, southern Italy) – constraints from stress inversion and 3D fault model building." Solid Earth 13, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): 205–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-13-205-2022.

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Abstract. We reconstruct the 3D fault model of the structures causative of the 2010–2014 Pollino seismic activity by integrating structural–geological and high-resolution seismological data. We constrained the model at the surface with fault-slip data, and at depth, by using the distributions of selected high-quality relocated hypocenters. Relocations were performed through the non-linear Bayloc algorithm, followed by the double-difference relative location method HypoDD applied to a 3D P-wave velocity model. Geological and seismological data highlight an asymmetric active extensional fault system characterized by an E- to NNE-dipping low-angle detachment, with high-angle synthetic splays, and SW- to WSW-dipping, high-angle antithetic faults. Hypocenter clustering and the time–space evolution of the seismicity suggest that two sub-parallel WSW-dipping seismogenic sources, the Rotonda–Campotenese and Morano–Piano di Ruggio faults, are responsible for the 2010–2014 seismicity. The area of the seismogenic patches obtained projecting the hypocenters of the early aftershocks on the 3D fault planes, are consistent with the observed magnitude of the strongest events (Mw=5.2, and Mw=4.3). Since earthquake-scaling relationships provide maximum expected magnitudes of Mw=6.4 for the Rotonda–Campotenese and Mw=6.2 for the Morano–Piano di Ruggio faults, we may suppose that, during the sequence, the two structures did not entirely release their seismic potential. The reconstructed 3D fault model also points out the relationships between the activated fault system and the western segment of the Pollino Fault. The latter was not involved in the recent seismic activity but could have acted as a barrier to the southern propagation of the seismogenic faults, limiting their dimensions and the magnitude of the generated earthquakes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "HypoDD"

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Dunn, Meredith M. "Relocation of Eastern Tennessee Earthquakes Using hypoDD." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10085.

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The double difference earthquake location algorithm, implemented in the program HYPODD, was used to relocate a data set of approximately 1000 earthquakes in the eastern Tennessee seismic zone (ETSZ), using a recently developed velocity model. The double difference algorithm is used to calculate accurate relative hypocenter locations by removing the effects of un-modeled velocity structure. The study examines the earthquake hypocenter relocations in an effort to resolve fault orientations and thereby gain insights into the tectonics of the seismic zone. The analysis involves visual comparison of three-dimensional perspective plots of the hypocenter relocations oriented according to focal mechanism nodal planes derived from events within several, dense clusters of earthquakes. The northwestern boundary of the seismic zone corresponds to the steep magnetic gradient of the New York-Alabama lineament. The double-difference relocations reinforced previous interpretations of a vertical boundary between seismic and relatively aseismic crust at that location. Areas at the northeastern and southwestern ends of the ETSZ exhibit northwest trending hypocenter alignments, which are perpendicular to the overall northeastern trend of the seismic zone. These alignments agree with focal mechanism nodal plane orientations and are interpreted as seismogenic faults. In the central, most seismically active portion of the ETSZ, relocations appear to indicate a diffuse zone of hypocenters that are west-striking and north-dipping. The orientation of this zone of earthquake hypocenters is consistent with an existing seismic reflection profile that images mid to upper crustal reflectors with apparent dips of approximately 35 degrees to the north. The interpreted fault planes are all consistent with an east-northeast oriented, sub-horizontal maximum regional compressive stress, consistent with findings in previous studies.
Master of Science
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Ramachandran, Selvaraj. "Hypoid gear optimization." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4419.

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A hypoid gear optimization procedure using the method of feasible directions has been developed. The objective is to reduce the gear set weight with bending strength, contact strength and facewidth-diametral pitch ratio as constraints. The objective function weight, is calculated from the geometric approximation of the volume of the gear and pinion. The design variables selected are number of gear teeth, diametral pitch, and facewidth. The input parameters for starting the initial design phase are power to be transmitted, speed, gear ratio, type of application, mounting condition, type of loading, and the material to be used. In the initial design phase, design parameters are selected or calculated using the standard available procedures. These selected values of design parameters are passed on to the optimization routine as starting points.
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Cheng, Yuping. "Dynamics of Hypoid and Bevel Geared Rotor Systems." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1391708583.

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Gill, Harnavpreet Singh. "Computationally Robust Algorithms for Hypoid Gear Cutting and Contact Line Determination using Ease-Off Methodology." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587499768039312.

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Yang, Junyi. "Nonlinear Dynamics of Driveline Systems with Hypoid Gear Pair." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1336138173.

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Karagiannis, Ioannis. "Tribo-dynamic analysis of hypoid gears in automotive differentials." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12801.

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Torsional vibrations in differentials of Rear Wheel Drive vehicles are of major importance for the automotive industry. Hypoid transmissions, forming the motion transfer mechanism from the driveshaft to the wheels, suffer from severe vibration issues. The latter are attributed to improper mesh between the mating gear flanks due to misalignments, variation of contact load and shifting of the effective mesh position. For certain operating conditions, the gear pair exhibits high amplitude motions accompanied with separation of the mating surfaces. Ultimately, single or even double-sided vibro-impact phenomena evolve, which have been related to noise generation. This thesis attempts to address these issues by effectively analysing the dynamic behaviour of a hypoid gear pair under torsional motion. The case study considered is focused on a commercial light truck. The major difference of the employed mathematical model to prior formulations is the usage of an alternative expression for the dynamic transmission error so that the variation of contact radii and transmission error can be accounted for. This approach combined to a correlation of the resistive torque in terms of the angular velocity of the differential enables the achievement of steady state, stable periodic solutions. The dynamic complexity of systems with gears necessitates the identification of the various response regimes. A solution continuation method (software AUTO) is employed to determine the stable/unstable branches over the operating range of the differential. The ensuing parametric studies convey the importance of the main system parameters on the dynamic behaviour of the transmission yielding crucial design guidelines. A tribo-dynamic investigation aims at expanding the dynamic model from pure dry conditions to a more integrated elastohydrodynamic (EHL) approach. Analytical and extrapolated solutions are applied for the derivation of the film thickness magnitude based on the kinematic and loading characteristics of the dynamic model. The temperature rise is governed mainly by conduction due to the thin lubricant films. The generated friction is also computed as a function of the viscous shear and asperity interactions. The effective lubricant viscosity is greatly affected by the pressure increase due to the resonant behaviour of the contact load. The final part of this work is involved with a feasibility study concerning the application of Nonlinear Energy Sinks (NES) as vibration absorbers, exploiting their ability for broadband frequency interaction. Response regimes associated with effective energy absorption are identified and encouraging results are obtained, showing the potential of the method.
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Park, Daehyun. "Development of Surface Wear and Lapping Simulation Models for Hypoid Gears." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1251739728.

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Fossier, Charlotte. "Investigations on the efficiency of truck axles and their hypoid gear set : A thermo-mechanical model." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI019.

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Pour répondre au besoin des clients ainsi qu’aux réglementations gouvernementales, les constructeurs de camions doivent diminuer la consommation et les émissions de leurs véhicules. Une solution-clé est d’améliorer le rendement de la transmission du camion, dont le pont fait partie. Leur design n’a longtemps été optimisé qu’en fonction de critères de durabilité et de bruit. L’objectif de ce travail est donc de caractériser le rendement des ponts de camion. La dissipation de puissance au sein du pont est causée par l’engrènement, les roulements, les joints et le barbotage. Des méthodes permettent d’estimer globalement ces pertes de puissance, mais elles ne sont pas forcément adaptées aux ponts. En effet, l’élément principal du pont est un engrenage spiro-conique ou hypoïde et son importance est étudiée : sa forme influe sur le barbotage, tandis que sa géométrie de denture et sa cinématique gouvernent le frottement à l’engrènement. Il semble ainsi important d’évaluer le frottement de ces couples coniques par une approche locale et d’étudier l’influence des paramètres de denture. Cependant, les pertes de puissance dépendent de la température, via les propriétés de l’huile. Des expériences montrent un important écart de température entre les composants. Il faut donc considérer des températures locales plutôt qu’une température d’huile globale. Le rendement et la durabilité peuvent être impactés par des points chauds. La méthode des réseaux thermiques permet de modéliser les échanges thermiques du pont ainsi que la distribution de températures. Les tests classiques de rendement mesurent uniquement la perte globale et la température d’huile : rien ne permet de confirmer la répartition des pertes entre sources. Une campagne d’essais avec mesures de température est donc réalisée et valide le modèle pour le calcul des températures locales et pour l’estimation des pertes de chaque composant. Ce modèle peut alors être utilisé lors du design de futurs ponts
To fulfil customer demands, but also government regulations, the truck industry must decrease the fuel consumption and emissions of its vehicles. A key development is to improve the efficiency of the powertrain, which includes the axle. Until recently, optimisation of axle design has mainly concerned durability and noise aspects. The aim of this study is then to characterise the efficiency of truck axles. As for most of the mechanical transmissions, power dissipation in axles is due to gear mesh, rolling element bearings, seals and oil churning. Formulae already exist to estimate these power losses at a global level, but they are not always adapted to axles. Indeed, the main component of axles is a spiral bevel or a hypoid gear set. The influence of these special gears on efficiency is investigated here: their shape drives oil churning losses, while their tooth geometry and their kinematics impact friction at gear mesh. Therefore, the meshing friction of the gear set is also evaluated thanks to a local approach. The influence of some gear parameters is studied. However, power losses are influenced by temperature through oil viscosity. As previous experiments underline non-negligible temperature difference between components, it is necessary to consider local temperatures instead of a global oil temperature. Efficiency but also durability can be impacted by local hot spots. The thermal network method is used to model the thermal exchanges inside and outside the axle and to calculate temperature distribution. Usual efficiency tests on axles measure only global power loss and oil temperature: no evidence allows to confirm a power loss breakdown. Thus, a test campaign with temperature measurements is done and validates the model on local temperature calculation but also on estimation of component power losses. The model can be used at design stage for future development of axles
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Klein, Alexander. "Spiral bevel and hypoid gear tooth cutting with coated carbide tools /." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015866212&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Fontana, Douglas. "Controle de vida da ferramenta do tipo lamina alternada Gleason no fresamento de coroas hipoidais." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265597.

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Orientador: Anselmo Eduardo Diniz
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: A transmissão de movimentos mecânicos através de engrenagens é muito utilizado em todos os segmentos industriais.O corte de dentes de engrenagens é uma operação bastante importante dentro da usinagem. Apesar de sua importância, este é um processo pouco estudado, pois esta é uma área bastante restrita de atuação. Emfunção disso,a maior parte dos desenvolvimentos relacionados à tecnologia de corte de dentes de engrenagens ocorre no meio industrial, geralmente de forma empírica. A determinação do fim de vida das lâminas de corte Gleasonsão feitas,no chão de fabrica,pelos preparadores ou mesmo pelos operadores das máquinas.Tal decisão é baseada em critérios altamente subjetivos e portanto, faz com que o tempo de utilização da ferramenta apresente uma grande variabilidade,ou seja, em determinados momentos, a ferramenta é utilizada além de sua vida efetiva e, em outros momentos, esta utilização se dá a quém da mesma. Caso a ferramenta ultrapasse sua utilização ótima, ocorrem vários problemas, dentre os quais: maior volume de material retirado na afiacão da ferramenta com conseqüente redução do númerode vidas desta, a rugosidademédia (Ra) das peças toma-se muito elevada,fazendo com que a japidação do dentado (operação posterior ao corte) seja muito demorada e portanto, anti-econômica.Por outro lado, se a ferramenta for sub-utilizada. ocorre um desperdício de lâmina,bem como um aumento do tempo de processamento pois um maior número de trocas da ferramenta vai ocorrer. Este trabalho procurou estabelecer um parâmetro objetivo de fim de vida da lamina de corte do tipo Hardac, utilizandoo processo de corte denominado Completo (Completing). Para tanto, foi feito um trabalho junto a um fubricante de auto-peças, que usina engrenagens cônicas e hipoidais, utilizada em diferenciais de caminhões e ônibus.O parâmetro escolhido foi a rugosidade média (Ra) do flancodos dentes das engrenagens. O comportamento e a dispersão da vida da ferramenta anterior e posterior à implantação do parâmetro proposto foram analisadas.Os resultados mostram uma maior uniformidade da vida das laminas de corte gleason,bem como dos tempos de afiação das mesmas e Iapidação do dentado. Além disso, as lâminas passaram a ser utilizadas de forma otimizadas em relação ao seu desgaste e à quantidades uperficial da peça. Um segundo objetivo do trabalho foi comparar a vida de ferramentas de aço rápido com algumas coberturas diferentes e também sem cobertura na superficie de saída, pois foram utilizadas após a afiação da ferramenta com cobertura total Pelo desempenho mostrado nos resultados a melhor cobertura foi aquela de nitreto de titânio originária do fabricante da ferramenta e do equipamento
Abstract: The transmission of mechanical motion through gears is very used in alI industrial segments.The cutting process of gears is a very important process in the manufacturing. Despiteits importance this is a process not so studied as it a very specific area. According to this, most part ofthe industrial field, usually in an empirical way. The determination to end the life of a Gleason Cutter Blade is made by machine operators. The decision is based on highly subjective criteria and as for this it makes the using time of this tool to presenta great variability. As resuh this tool is sometimes used longeror less than it should.If its use is longer exceedingits life time,many problems may occur, such as: bigger volume taken from the sharpening material of tools which results in a reduction of their lifetime, the average rougbness (Ra) of the parts becomes higher which makes lapping of the teeth (process which occurs after cutting) to take longer and as a resuh not economical.On the other hand,if the tool is used less there is a waste ofthe blade as well as an increasein the manutacturing process due to the change of tools. This work tried to establishan objetive parameteron the end ofthe life ofthe Hardac type ofblade, using a cutting process called Completing.For this reason this work was done together with an Automotive Company that produces beveland hypoidgears used on heavyduty drive axles for trucks and buses. The chosen parameter was the average rougtmess(Ra) ofthe teeth flankof the gears. The behavior and dispersion of the tool Jife before and after the setting of the proposed parameter were analized. The resuhs show a greater uniformity of the life the Gleason Cutter Blade as well as its sbarpeningtime and teeth lapping. Apart from it, the blades started to be used on an optimized way related to its wear and to the surlace quality of the piece. Another objetive of this work was to compare the high speed steel tool life with some different coats andalso no coating on theftont ceplane,as theywere used after the tool sharperning with total coat. For the result showed the best coating was the one with titanium nitrideoriginate dftom the tool and equipamentmanufacturer
Mestrado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Books on the topic "HypoDD"

1

Wang, X. C. Advanced theories of hypoid gears. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1994.

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Hyped: A Luke novel. Atlanta, GA: Black Pearl Books, 2005.

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Sciver, Noah Van. The hypo. Seattle, WA: Fantagraphics Books, 2012.

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Phōkaidēs, Phōkas N. Homospondia hypo kēdemonian kai geneteires hypo katochēn?: Politika dokimia. Kypros: Ekdoseis "Zephyros", 2000.

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Marinos, Dionysēs, and Stelios Vapheas. 58 hypo skian. Athēna: Bibliothèque, 2015.

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Hypo kataskeuēn sēmaies. Athēna: Polis, 2021.

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Hypothekenbank, Kärntner Landes und, ed. Das Hypo Alpe-Adria-Zentrum =: The Hypo Alpe-Adria-Center. Klagenfurt [Austria]: Kärntner Landes- und Hypothekenbank, 1999.

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Hypo tēn papadiamantikēn dryn. Athēna: Vivliopōleion tēs "Hestias" I.d. Kollarou & Sias A.E., 2017.

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Kontogiannopoulos, Vasilēs. Paideia: Eksynchronismos hypo anastolē. Athēna: Ekdoseis Gutenberg, 1991.

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1930-, Treves Francois, ed. Hyperfunctions on hypo-analytic manifolds. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "HypoDD"

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Kanitschar, Hans. "Hypnoid." In Wörterbuch der Psychotherapie, 282. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-99131-2_758.

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Metze, Dieter, Vanessa F. Cury, Ricardo S. Gomez, Luiz Marco, Dror Robinson, Eitan Melamed, Alexander K. C. Leung, et al. "HypoPP." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 995. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_5089.

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Vullo, Vincenzo. "Spiral Bevel Gears and Hypoid Gears." In Springer Series in Solid and Structural Mechanics, 569–694. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36502-8_12.

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Lu, Xingxing, Tengjiao Lin, Feiyang Jiang, and Zirui Zhao. "Nonlinear Dynamics of Hypoid Gears in Automobile." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 518–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2396-6_48.

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Jiang, Feiyang, Tengjiao Lin, Xingxing Lu, Zirui Zhao, and Shijia Yi. "An Accurate Modeling Method for the HGM Hypoid Gear." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 465–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2396-6_43.

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van Zeben, D., and J. R. Echter. "Hypo-/hyperthyreoïdie." In Verpleegkundig Vademecum, 396–99. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-7326-0_73.

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Woods, Douglas W., Matthew R. Capriotti, Madison Pilato, Carolyn A. Doyle, Christopher J. McDougle, Beth Springate, Deborah Fein, et al. "Hypo-arousal." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1529. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_181.

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Özsoy, Mehmet, and Christian Seitz. "Hypo-/Hypercalcemia." In Urology at a Glance, 85–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54859-8_18.

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Hodgetts, Sandra. "Hypo-arousal." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2377–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_181.

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Simon, Vilmos. "Multi-Objective Optimization of Hypoid Gears to Improve Operating Characteristics." In Advances in Mechanism and Machine Science, 905–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20131-9_90.

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Conference papers on the topic "HypoDD"

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Utama, Muhammad Reza July, Andri Dian Nugraha, and Nanang T. Puspito. "Seismicity studies at Moluccas area based on the result of hypocenter relocation using HypoDD." In NATIONAL PHYSICS CONFERENCE 2014 (PERFIK 2014). AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4915030.

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Yılmaz, Tufan Gürkan, Onur Can Kalay, Fatih Karpat, Mert Doğanlı, and Elif Altıntaş. "An Investigation on the Design of Formate and Generate Face Milled Hypoid Gears." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23972.

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Abstract Hypoid gears are transmission elements that transfer power and moment between shafts whose axes do not intersect. They are similar in structure to spiral bevel gears. However, there are many advantages compared to spiral bevel gears in terms of load carrying capacity and rigidity. Hypoid gear pairs are mostly used as powertrain on the rear axles of cars and trucks. Hypoid gears are manufactured by two essential methods called face-milling and face-hobbing, and there are mainly two relative kinematic movements (Formate® and Generate). In this study, the gears produced with the Face-milling method are discussed. Face milled hypoid gears can be manufactured with both Formate® and Generate, while pinions can only be manufactured with the Generate method. The most crucial factor that determines the performance of hypoid gears is the geometry of hypoid gears. The gear and pinion geometry is directly dependent on the tool geometry, machine parameters, and relative motion between the cradle and the workpiece. The gear geometry determines the contact shape and pressure during power transmission. In this study, the mathematical equation of the cutting tool is set. After that, using differential geometry, coordinate transformation, and the gearing theory, the mathematical equation of hypoid gear is obtained.
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Nakamura, Morimasa, Keisuke Kojima, and Ichiro Moriwaki. "Evaluation System of Tooth Contact Patterns of Hypoid Gears Using Artificial Intelligence." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89323.

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Tooth contact inspection is one of the most common methods for checking qualities of hypoid gear pairs. A change in machine setting parameters for cutting and lapping processes of a hypoid gear pair enables a tooth contact pattern of a hypoid gear pair to be varied. The deviation of the pattern from the target one is represented by a grade point. In the inspection, the qualities of hypoid gear pairs are usually classified into only two grades; OK or NG. However, in order to conduct a follow-up survey on problems of the products and to be useful to be trouble shooting tasks of the end products, finer classifications and more quantitative evaluations of tooth contact patterns could be effective. Such approaches have been tried, however, only experienced and well-trained technicians for the inspection of hypoid gear pairs can determine the point of each tooth contact pattern. And it is difficult to make this evaluation method automatic. To overcome this problem, an application of artificial intelligence system must be useful. The present paper describes a computer evaluation system using the neural network, which is a kind of the artificial intelligence systems, for tooth contact patterns of hypoid gear pairs which can evaluate the results of the inspections instead of experienced hypoid gear technicians. This system with the neural network has a capability to learn relationships between evaluation grade points of tooth contact patterns given by the hypoid gear technicians and graphics of tooth contact patterns of hypoid gear pairs. Moreover, it can return the evaluation grade points when a tooth contact pattern is input into the system. The evaluation performance of the developed system was discussed. And a quality of normative tooth contact patterns, which were used as the teacher signals for training the neural network system, greatly affected its performance. The comparison of evaluated grade points obtained from developed system with the technician’s ones showed that the correct answer ratio obtained from the developed system was about 90% in the best case.
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Lin, Chia-Ching, Yawen Wang, Teik C. Lim, and Weiqing Zhang. "Optimization of Machine Tool Settings on Hypoid Gear Dynamics." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97137.

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Abstract Hypoid gears are widely used to transmit torque on cross axis shafts in a vehicle rear axle system. The dynamic responses of these hypoid geared rotor system have a significant effect on the performance of noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) for the vehicle design. From past studies, the main source of excitation for this vibration energy comes from hypoid gear transmission error (TE). Thus, the design of hypoid gear pair with minimization of TE is one way to control the dynamic behavior of the vehicle axle system. In this paper, an approach to obtain minimum TE and improved dynamic response with optimal machine tool setting parameters for manufacturing hypoid gears is discussed. A neural network, named Feed-Forward Back Propagation (FFBP), with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Gradient Descent (GD) training algorithms are used to predict the TE. With the optimal machine tool setting parameters, a 14 degrees of freedom geared rotor system analysis is performed to verify the improvement on dynamic response aiming at minimizing the TE. A case study of a hypoid gear pair with specified design parameters and working condition is presented to validate the proposed method. The results conclude that minimization of TE, the main excitation of vehicle axle gear whine noise and vibration, with optimal machine tool setting parameters can improve the overall dynamic response. The proposed approach provides a better understanding of an optimal design hypoid gear set to minimize TE and effect on vehicle axle system dynamics.
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Sun, Shouli, Shilong Wang, Yawen Wang, Teik C. Lim, Baocang Zhou, and Zongyan Hu. "Optimization of Hypoid Gear Design and Tooth Contact Analysis." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-68407.

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Hypoid gears are effectively used in cross axis power transmission systems. Design of hypoid gear parameters is complex and dependent on designers’ experiences. In this paper, an easy approach to design the parameters of hypoid gear to obtain the minimum of maximum principle normal contact stress and peak to peak transmission error is presented. An improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Back Propagation (BP) algorithm is proposed to predict the stress and the transmission error if certain design parameters are given. The predictive accuracy is evaluated by Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) equation. The results show that the predictive accuracy is in reasonable agreement with the values calculated by the software [1]. Based on the prediction model, the optimization model for the design parameters of hypoid gear is established. This paper proposes a method to design a set of hypoid gears with minimum of maximum principle normal stress and peak to peak transmission error.
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Shih, Yi-Pei, and Zhang-Hua Fong. "Flank Correction for Spiral Bevel and Hypoid Gears on a Six-Axis CNC Hypoid Generator." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43017.

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Because the contact bearings of spiral bevel and hypoid gears are highly sensitive to tooth flank geometry, it is desirable to reduce the flank deviations caused by machine errors and heat treatment deformation. Several methods already proposed for flank correction are based on the cutter parameters, machine settings, and kinematical flank motion parameters of a cradle-type universal generator, which are modulated according to the measured flank topographic deviations. However, because of the recently developed six-axis Cartesian-type computer numerical control (CNC) hypoid generator, both face-milling and face-hobbing cutting methods can be implemented on the same machine using a corresponding cutter head and NC code. Nevertheless, the machine settings and flank corrections of most commercial Cartesian-type machines are still translated from the virtual cradle-type universal hypoid generator. In contrast, this paper proposes a flank-correction methodology derived directly from the six-axis Cartesian-type CNC hypoid generator in which high-order correction is easily achieved through direct control of the CNC axis motion. The validity of this flank correction method is demonstrated using a numerical example of Oerlikon Spirac face-hobbing hypoid gears made by the proposed Cartesian-type CNC machine.
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Simon, Vilmos V. "Optimal Tooth Modifications in Hypoid Gears." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/ptg-48108.

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A method for the determination of optimal tooth modifications in hypoid gears based on improved load distribution and reduced transmission errors is presented. The modifications are introduced into the pinion tooth surface by using a cutter with bicircular profile and by changing the cutter diameter. In the optimization of tool parameters the influence of shaft misalignments of the mating members is included. As the result of these modifications a point contact of the meshed teeth surfaces appears instead of line contact; the hypoid gear pair becomes mismatched. By using the method presented in [1] the influence of tooth modifications introduced on tooth contact and transmission errors is investigated. Based on the results that was obtained the radii and position of circular tool profile arcs and the cutter diameter for pinion teeth generation were optimized. By applying the optimal tool parameters, the maximum tooth contact pressure is reduced by 16.22% and the angular position error of the driven gear by 178.72%, in regard to the hypoid gear pair with a pinion manufactured by a cutter of straight-sided profile and of diameter determined by the commonly used methods.
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Mohammadpour, Mahdi, Stephanos Theodossiades, and Homer Rahnejat. "Tribo-Dynamics of Differential Hypoid Gears." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12890.

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Differential hypoid gears play an important role on the Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) signature of vehicles. Additionally, friction developed between their teeth flanks under extreme loading conditions adds another source of power loss in the drivetrain which can mitigate vibrational energy. The paper considers the coupling between dynamics and analytical tribology to study dynamic response of hypoid gear pairs with lateral motion of support shafts also included in the analysis framework. Friction of teeth flank pairs is assumed to follow elastohydrodynamic lubrication under elliptical point contact geometry with lubricant film behavior conforming to Non-Newtonian thermal shear, also with surface asperity interactions. Tooth Contact Analysis (TCA) has been used to obtain the input data required for the investigation. The dynamic behavior and efficiency of a differential hypoid gear pair under realistic operating conditions is determined. The proposed tribo-dynamic framework provides a useful platform to conduct an extensive series of parametric studies.
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9

Dooner, David B. "Hobbing of Bevel and Hypoid Gears." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12899.

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The paper presents a hyperboloidal hob cutter similar to a cylindrical hob cutter used to fabricate spur and helical gear elements today. This hyperboloidal cutter can be used to manufacture bevel and hypoid gear elements using an existing CNC hobbing machine. These bevel and hypoid gear elements can be either spur or spiral. This hyperboloidal hob cutter is entirely different from the circular face cutters today as part of face hobbing. A brief overview of the existing circular face cutting technology is presented along with some of its geometric limitations. Subsequently, concepts of the hyperboloidal hob cutter are presented. These concepts include crossed hyperboloidal gears, cutter spiral angle, invariant speed relations, and cutter coordinates. Two illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the concept of the hyperboloidal hob cutter. The first example is a spur bevel gear pair and the second example is a spiral hypoid gear pair. Virtual models of the cutter in mesh with the gear elements are presented.
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Karagiannis, I., and S. Theodossiades. "Dynamic Analysis of Automotive Hypoid Gears." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13014.

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The dynamics of differentials in rear wheel drive vehicles are of major importance for the automotive industry. Hypoid transmissions — forming the motion transfer mechanism from the driveshaft to the wheels — often suffer from severe vibrations, which could lead to Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) issues. The latter are often attributed to improper mesh between the mating gear flanks due to misalignments, variation of contact load and shifting of the effective mesh position. A new modelling approach on the torsional dynamics of hypoid gear pairs is presented in this work. This is characterised by an alternative expression of the Dynamic Transmission Error (DTE), which accounts for the variation of the effective mesh position. Numerical results indicate the enriched dynamic behaviour that can be predicted using the new formulation. A solution continuation method is employed to follow the response branches over the operating range of the differential under examination. The ensuing parametric studies convey the importance of the main system parameters on the dynamic behaviour of the differential, yielding suggestions for design guidelines.
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Reports on the topic "HypoDD"

1

Ramachandran, Selvaraj. Hypoid gear optimization. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6297.

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Kano, Masaki, Keiichiro Tobisawa, Kohei Saiki, Takeshi Yokoyama, and Akira Ono. A New Design System for Face-Hob Type Hypoid Gears. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0573.

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Tobisawa, Keiichiro, Masaki Kano, Kohei Saiki, Tsuyoshi Hanakawa, and Takeshi Yokoyama. Real Tooth Contact Analysis of Hypoid Gear Without Using Mathematical Reference Tooth Surfaces. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0031.

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Rissland, Edwina L., and Kevin D. Ashley. HYPO: A Precedent-Based Legal Reasoner. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada249335.

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Formenti, Silvia C. Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed After Segmental Mastectomy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada439208.

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Formenti, Silvia C. Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed After Segmental Mastectomy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada427755.

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Formenti, Silvia C., Daniel Roses, Matthew Harris, Richard Shapiro, and Amber Guth. Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed After Segmental Mastectomy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada410288.

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Formenti, Silvia C., Daniel Roses, Matthew Harris, Richard Shapiro, and Amber Guth. Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed after Segmental Mastectomy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada423053.

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Formenti, Silvia C. Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed after Segmental Mastectomy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada473890.

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Prakash, Naveen, Christopher Matthews, and Daniele Versino. Stress and tangent update equations for combined time-hardening creep and J2 plasticity in an implicit hypo-elastic formulation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1489923.

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