Academic literature on the topic 'Hypnotism – Research'
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Journal articles on the topic "Hypnotism – Research"
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Brancaccio, Maria Teresa. "Between Charcot and Bernheim: The debate on hypnotism in fin-de-siècle Italy." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 71, no. 2 (March 15, 2017): 157–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2017.0008.
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In the late 1870s, a small group of Italian psychiatrists became interested in hypnotism in the wake of the studies conducted by the French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot. Eager to engage in hypnotic research, these physicians referred to the scientific authority of French and German scientists in order to overcome the scepticism of the Italian medical community and establish hypnotism as a research subject based on Charcot's neuropathological model. In the following years, French studies on hypnotism continued to exert a strong influence in Italy. In the mid 1880s, studies on hypnotic suggestion by the Salpêtrière and Nancy Schools of hypnotism gave further impetus to research and therapeutic experimentation and inspired the emergence of an interpretative framework that combined theories by both hypnotic schools. By the end of the decade, however, uncertainties had arisen around both hypnotic theory and the therapeutic use of hypnotism. These uncertainties, which were linked to the crisis of the neuropathological paradigm that had to a large extent framed the understanding of hypnotism in Italy and the theoretical disagreements among the psychiatrists engaged in hypnotic research, ultimately led to a decline in interest in hypnotism in Italy.
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Wolffram, Heather. "Crime and hypnosis in fin-de-siècle Germany: the Czynski case." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 71, no. 2 (March 15, 2017): 213–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2017.0005.
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Lurid tales of the criminal use of hypnosis captured both popular and scholarly attention across Europe during the closing decades of the nineteenth century, culminating not only in the invention of fictional characters such as du Maurier's Svengali but also in heated debates between physicians over the possibilities of hypnotic crime and the application of hypnosis for forensic purposes. The scholarly literature and expert advice that emerged on this topic at the turn of the century highlighted the transnational nature of research into hypnosis and the struggle of physicians in a large number of countries to prise hypnotism from the hands of showmen and amateurs once and for all. Making use of the 1894 Czynski trial, in which a Baroness was putatively hypnotically seduced by a magnetic healer, this paper will examine the scientific, popular and forensic tensions that existed around hypnotism in the German context. Focusing, in particular, on the expert testimony about hypnosis and hypnotic crime during this case, the paper will show that, while such trials offered opportunities to criminalize and pathologize lay hypnosis, they did not always provide the ideal forum for settling scientific questions or disputes.
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Sommer, Andreas. "Professional Heresy: Edmund Gurney (1847–88) and the Study of Hallucinations and Hypnotism." Medical History 55, no. 3 (July 2011): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025727300005445.
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The English music theorist and philosophical writer Edmund Gurney was the first ‘fulltime’ psychical researcher in history. While he was primarily concerned with empirical evidence for telepathy, Gurney significantly contributed to the late nineteenth-century literature on hallucinations in the sane, and the psychology of hypnotism and dissociation. He conducted the first large-scale survey of hallucinations in the general public and, with Pierre Janet, was the first to publish experimental data suggesting dissociated streams of consciousness in hypnotism. This paper sketches Gurney's contributions to psychology and dynamic psychiatry in the context of his friendship with Frederic W.H. Myers and William James. It is argued that although Gurney's research into hallucinations and hypnotism had been embraced and assimilated by contemporary psychologists such as William James, Alfred Binet and others, his contributions to psychology have subsequently been marginalised because of the discipline's paradigmatic rejection of controversial research questions his findings were entangled with.
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Wils, Kaat. "From transnational to regional magnetic fevers: The making of a law on hypnotism in late nineteenth-century Belgium." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 71, no. 2 (March 15, 2017): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2017.0007.
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In May 1892, Belgium adopted a law on the exercise of hypnotism. The signing of the law constituted a temporary endpoint to six years of debate on the dangers and promises of hypnotism, a process of negotiation between medical doctors, members of parliament, legal professionals and lay practitioners. The terms of the debate were not very different from what happened elsewhere in Europe, where, since the mid 1880s, hypnotism had become an object of public concern. The Belgian law was nevertheless unique in its combined effort to regulate the use of hypnosis in public and private, for purposes of entertainment, research and therapy. My analysis shows how the making of the law was a process of negotiation in which local, national and transnational networks and allegiances each played a part. While the transnational atmosphere of moral panic had created a seedbed for the law, its eventual outlook owed much to the powerful lobby work of an essentially local network of lay magnetizers, and to the renown of Joseph Delbœuf, professor at the University of Liège, whose work in the field of hypnotism stimulated several liberal doctors and members of Parliament from the Liège region to defend a more lenient law.
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Mauskopf, Seymour H. "Animal Magnetism, Early Hypnotism, and Psychical Research, 1766-1925: An Annotated Bibliography. Adam Crabtree." Isis 82, no. 2 (June 1991): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/355831.
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Bonet Safont, Juan Marcos. "Professors, Charlatans, and Spiritists: The Stage Hypnotist in Late Nineteenth-Century English Literature." Culture & History Digital Journal 9, no. 1 (September 11, 2020): 007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2020.007.
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In this paper I will explore the stereotype of the stage hypnotist in fiction literature through the analysis of the novellas Professor Fargo (1874) by Henry James (1843-1916) and Drink: A Love Story on a Great Question (1890) by Hall Caine (1853-1931). Both Professor Fargo and Drink form part of a literary subgenre referred to variously as “Hypnotic Fiction”, “Trance Gothic” or “mesmeric texts”. The objective of my research, which examines both the literary text itself and its historical and social context, is to offer new and interesting data that may contribute to the development of a poetics or theory of the literary subgenre of hypnotic fiction. In this sense, this article is an essential contribution to a broader analysis that I have been working on, focusing on highlighting the generic features of this type of literature by analysing the stereotypes of hypnotists in fiction.
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Laurens, Stéphane, Floriane Hanzo, and Pascal Morchain. "A Research Note on Delegation of Responsibility in the Observation of a Situation of Obedience to Authority." Imagination, Cognition and Personality 36, no. 2 (July 24, 2016): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276236616642424.
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The objective of the research described here is to discover whether the features of obedience must be present in order for responsibility to be so attributed or whether the status of the actors and the meaning of the situation are sufficient. In two studies, we present animation showing the movements of three geometrical figures. The subjects are asked to describe the action and to divide 100% of responsibility between the three figures. The first study, conducted face to face (22 subjects), shows that a figure presented as an authority as opposed to a person is seen to take on a determining role in the action and is attributed 40% responsibility (vs. 17.9%). A second study (92 subjects) confirms this mechanism when the figure is presented as having other resources at its disposal (hypnotism and manipulation). The status of the actors and the meaning of the situation are therefore sufficient to prompt the attribution of responsibility to the figure presented as having the resources. These results lend support critiques of the agentic state theory.
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مصباح الدين, محمد. "تأثير إستراتـجيات معرفية والتلاعب الفكري فى تعليم اللغة العربية." Jurnal CMES 10, no. 1 (March 27, 2018): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/cmes.10.1.19870.
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Teaching is a knowledge and art. It is knowledge because all of its activities must be driven by scientific research findings, whereas it is artistic because of its applications on how the teaching is creative and singning a good impression. In order to this distinctive purpose, the good teaching need to several methods based on comprehensive and interdiciplinary research findings. This paper examines the influence of cognitif strategy and mind manipulation on Arabic language teaching. The finding shown by this paper is that the influence of both cognitif strategy and mind manipulation is significant. The significance of cognitif strategy is led by a number of actitivites i.e. practicing, receiving and delivering knowledge, analysing and concluding, arranging an input and output. In the other hand, the significance of mind manipulation is identified by a way the information is taken out, or the influencing on the subconscious is conducted, and by hypnotism and cultivation of ideas.
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Conti, Elizabeth C., Melinda A. Stanley, Amber B. Amspoker, and Mark E. Kunik. "Sedative-Hypnotic Use Among Older Adults Participating in Anxiety Research." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 85, no. 1 (December 26, 2016): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091415016685330.
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Older adults are prescribed sedative-hypnotic medications at higher rates than younger adults. These are not recommended for older adults due to risk of sedation, cognitive impairment, and falls. Severe generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a possibly appropriate use of these medications in older people, but little is available on use of sedative-hypnotic medications among older adults with GAD. This study examined the frequency and predictors of sedative-hypnotic medication use among older adults screening positive for anxiety. 25.88% ( n = 125) of participants reported taking sedative-hypnotics over the past 3 months; 16.36% ( n = 79) reported taking benzodiazepines, and 12.22% ( n = 59) reported taking hypnotic sleep medications. Depressive symptoms were more strongly associated with sedative-hypnotic use than insomnia or worry. Major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder, but not GAD, predicted sedative-hypnotic use. Other medications and treatments are more appropriate and efficacious for depression, anxiety, and insomnia in this population.
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Kripke, Daniel F. "What do hypnotics cost hospitals and healthcare?" F1000Research 6 (April 21, 2017): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11328.1.
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Hypnotics (sleeping pills) are prescribed widely, but the economic costs of the harm they have caused have been largely unrecognized. Randomized clinical trials have proven that hypnotics increase the incidence of infections. Likewise, hypnotics increase the incidence of major depression and cause emergency admissions for overdoses and deaths. Epidemiologically, hypnotic use is associated with cancer, falls, automobile accidents, and markedly increased overall mortality. This article considers the costs to hospitals and healthcare payers of hypnotic-induced infections and other severe consequences of hypnotic use. These are a probable cause of excessive hospital admissions, prolonged lengths of stay at increased costs, and increased readmissions. Accurate information is scanty, for in-hospital hypnotic benefits and risks have scarcely been studied -- certainly not the economic costs of inpatient adverse effects. Healthcare costs of outpatient adverse effects likewise need evaluation. In one example, use of hypnotics among depressed patients was strongly associated with higher healthcare costs and more short-term disability. A best estimate is that U.S. costs of hypnotic harms to healthcare systems are on the order of $55 billion, but conceivably as low as $10 billion or as high as $100 billion. More research is needed to more accurately assess unnecessary and excessive hypnotics costs to providers and insurers, as well as financial and health damages to the patients themselves.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hypnotism – Research"
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Green, Seth A. "Experimental pain in hypnosis research ischemic vs transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (tens) /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2009/S_Green_101509.pdf.
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Cox, Rochelle Evelyn Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "Autobiographical memory during hypnotic identity delusions." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Psychology, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/28047.
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The aim of this thesis was to examine the impact of an identity delusion on autobiographical memory and develop a model of deluded autobiographical memory to guide future research in this area. Given the difficulty of studying identity delusions in isolation from other clinical disorders, this thesis presents six experiments that used hypnosis as a laboratory model of identity delusions. Chapter 1 reviews literature from three distinct areas, including delusions, autobiographical memory, and hypnosis. Chapter 1 reviews a model of the self and autobiographical memory proposed by Conway (2005) and outlines the value of using hypnosis instrumentally to model delusions of self. Chapter 2 presents two experiments that established hypnosis as a suitable paradigm for investigating identity delusions. These experiments examined the parameters of the hypnotic delusion and tested the impact of the delusion on self and autobiographical memory. Chapter 3 presents two experiments that continued to examine the characteristics of autobiographical memory during a hypnotic identity delusion. These experiments indexed the specificity, source, perspective, and qualitative features of autobiographical memories elicited during a suggested identity delusion. Chapter 4 presents two experiments that investigated memory processing during a hypnotic identity delusion. These experiments illustrated the shifting accessibility of autobiographical memories during a hypnotic identity delusion. Finally, Chapter 5 draws the empirical findings together to discuss the value of hypnosis as a technique for modelling identity delusions and the ways in which a hypnotic identity delusion influences autobiographical memory. Importantly, Chapter 5 proposes a model of deluded autobiographical memory that integrates Conway???s (2005) self-memory system with relevant aspects of Langdon and Coltheart???s (2000) two-factor theory of delusions. Using this proposed model as a framework, Chapter 5 discusses the clinical and theoretical implications of the findings from this thesis and suggests future research directions.
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Stroud, Cynthia. "Stage Hypnosis in the Shadow of Svengali: Historical Influences, Public Perceptions, and Contemporary Practices." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1363090445.
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Brink, Nadine Jeanette. "Hipnoterapie vir kinders met eksamenangs : 'n opvoedkundig-sielkundige perspektief." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8971.
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Levy, Phyllis. "Chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer : an ecosystemic study of hypnosis and attributions of meaning." 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17208.
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The word "cancer" has different meanings for different people. In general, it is
synonymous with fatality, either imminent or in the forseeable future. How each person
perceives and attributes meaning to this personal experience, varies according to
idiosyncratic factors. These factors are constituted by each individual's unique internal
make up and by external influences and it is the combination of the multiplicity of
factors that bring about the personal attributions of meaning for each individual.
The thesis examines the attributions of meaning of a sample of 42 women with breast
cancer, through administration of a semi-structured interview and questionnaire, with
follow up interviews. The theoretical concepts which are explored, examine the shift
away from the traditional, Newtonian, linear-causal, neutral observer model (as in the
traditional medical model), towards an ecosystemic, a-causal, contextual, holistic
stance.
Ecosystemic thinking is utilised in this research work, and this way of thinking is
applied to the findings. In addition, a qualitative, descriptive approach is adopted, so
that an in depth emphasis rather than a quantitative, empirical view of the patients in the
sample, is undertaken. The applied questionaire focuses on the patient's experience of
cancer diagnosis, with more specific reference to the side effects of the chemotherapy.
The emphasis is towards the issue of anticipatory nausea and emesis and the possible
use of hypnosis in relation to these effects. Each patient's attribution of meaning to
these aspects forms the core of the thesis.
The study discloses the wide variety of attributions of meaning held by different women
in a similar predicament towards different aspects of that predicament. Concomitantly,
the study highlights the limitations of the traditional, medical model which contribute to
diminishing the personal understanding of each patient, and the impact of this on both
treatment and outcome for each patient.Psychology
D.Phil. (Psychology)
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Dick, Karien. "Hipnoterapie met getraumatiseerde kinders: die uitbreiding van betekenisse in `n gesin." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1854.
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Text in AfrikaansThe aim of the study is to describe the ecology of ideas in a family after the traumatic experience of a child. The focus is on developing a new context through which set meanings can expand. Therapeutic conversations and flexible hypnotic techniques, as part of a co-constructured process, are the "instruments" through which new ideas can be formed. The epistemological and theoretical framework of the study is postmodern, social constructionist ideas. Modernistic explanations are provided to fit in with the postmodern "both/and" focus of the study. A social constructionist position implies that the focus is placed on the multiple trauma perceptions of the family and social-cultural domain. Symptoms are viewed as part of the meaning systems in the family. The interconnection between dominant and non-dominant trauma stories is explained. Themes and relationship patterns are exposed and described according to the researcher's own epistemology, reflections and interpretations of the literature.
Clinical Psychology
M.A. (Clinical Psychology)
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Chen, Ta-cheng, and 陳大正. "Archeology of Life: A Textual Reseach on the Phenomenon of Reincarnation Through Hypnotism of Past Life Examples." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70711908961960567866.
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碩士南華大學
生死學研究所
98
This research aims to investigate the reincarnation phenomenon through the operational practice of past-life regression therapy. The whole essay is consists of two main parts: one is the "investigation on past-life regression procedure," which to analyze the steps of hypnosis regression and ways of collecting past-life data through the operation process on past-life regression; the other one is the investigation on past-life information, which to investigate the experience of the research participants from the regression process through historical documents. Researchers saw the past-life regression therapy as a reconnaissance journey of life, and considered the research participants as the most imperative part of the excavation site. Through their actual experience on regression to investigate the phenomenon of reincarnation; at the same time, present the order of hypnosis regression procedure and its follow-ups on unfolding the participants'' life excavation experience. The researchers has broken down the "hypnosis regression implement procedure" part into three big sections for analysis and investigation, including "investigation on the basic framework of past-life regression", "discussion on past-life regression conducting the five step process", and "analysis on significant units of the implement procedure." The main goal is to clarify and explain the implement procedure through revelation of the intact hypnosis expedition, which not only to highlight the variation on research participants'' distinct results, but most importantly, to let the readers to have a more pellucid judgment principle through the topic discussion on studying reincarnation using hypnosis. During the research process of past-life regression, researchers investigated four research participants and eight past-lives in a total of 130 items of past-life data. There were 112 items matching the historical document, accounted for 86%, 8 items did not match, accounted for 6%, and 10 items were indeterminate, accounted for 8%. According to the statistical results, researchers tend to think that this kind of data has positive meaning on the factuality of reincarnation. Whether reincarnation exists for not, research has left the reader to fill the blanks. This research ought to demonstrate a communication bridge between metaphysics and scientific proof through this kind of process, and lastly, it points out seven conclusions and five suggestions as a reference for hypnosis practice workers and future reincarnation studies.
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Van, Zyl Jacob Daniël. "'n Kwalitatiewe ondersoek na die selfagting van psigoterapeutiese pasiënte." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1370.
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The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine the meaning that psychotherapeutic patients associate with their self-esteem in order to contribute to a better understanding of what these patients' views of low and high self-esteem entail.
A study of literature was conducted to expose different aspects of the term 'self-esteem' from several theoretical approaches. Furthermore, the substructure of the hypno-therapeutic approach (of which the medical hypno-analytical model was the main approach) was especially analysed to ground the psychotherapeutic treatment received by the research participants.
Eleven research participants were involved in the study according to the extreme, as well as the confirming and disconfirming case methods of sampling. They were selected on the basis of homogenous characteristics, namely: white, Afrikaans-speaking men in the low to high average socio-economic sphere.
This study was done within a qualitative or interpretive paradigm - the study therefore focuses on the understanding (verstehen) of the meaning individuals attach to their self-esteem and not on the explanation (erklärung) thereof.
The data gathering techniques were the basic individual interview, the self-esteem induction and observation. The textual data, transcribed from audiocassettes, was analysed qualitatively with the help of the ATLAS.ti-program according to the principles and procedures of grounded theory (including open, axial and selective coding).
Data analysis led to, amongst other things, the co-construction of 23 categories (with numerous subcategories) of which the central phenomenon was identified as 'low self-esteem'. Relations could be drawn between the core category and other categories and the following storyline, which could suggest a possible theory, was conceptualised:
-Negative suggesting in the patient's past leads to low self-esteem, which is unhealthily handled within his emotional problematics by means of a negative thinking scheme for which therapy is received from a medical hypno-analytical perspective to treat the negative labels in order to facilitate attachment of positive meaning to his self-esteem.
The meaning(s) ascribed by psychotherapeutic patients to their self-esteem seem to be, in accordance with the post-modern spirit of the age (Zeitgeist), holistic in nature.Die doelstelling van hierdie studie was om die betekenis wat psigoterapeutiese pasiente met hul selfagting assosieer, kwalitatief te ondersoek ten einde 'n bydrae te maak tot 'n beter begrip van wat psigoterapeutiese pasiente se siening van lae en hoe selfagting behels. 'n Literatuurstudie is uitgevoer om die onderskeie aspekte met betrekking tot die begrip 'selfagting' vanuit verskillende teoretiese benaderings te belig. Verder is die onderbou van veral die hipnoterapeutiese benadering (waarvan die mediese hipnoanalitiese model die hoofbenadering was) ge-analiseer om die psigoterapeutiese behandeling wat die navorsingsdeelnemers ontvang het, te fundeer. Elf navorsingsdeelnemers is volgens die ekstreme, sowel as die bevestigende en niebevestigende gevallemetodes van steekproeftrekking, by die studie betrek. Hulle is op grond van homogene eienskappe gekies, naamlik: blanke, Afrikaanssprekende mans binne 'n laag tot hoog gemiddelde sosio-ekonomiese sfeer. Hierdie studie is binne 'n kwalitatiewe of interpretatiewe paradigma gedoen - die studie fokus dus op die verstaan (verstehen) van die betekenis wat individue aan hul selfagting heg en nie op die verklaring (erklarung) daarvan nie. Die data- insamelingstegnieke was die basiese individuele onderhoud, die selfagtinginduksie in hipnoterapie en observasie. Die data is as tekstuele data, wat vanaf klankkassette getranskribeer is, op kwalitatiewe wyse met behulp van die ATLASJi-program aan die hand van die beginsels en prosedures van gegronde teorie (waaronder oop, aksiale en selektiewe kodering) ontleed. Data-ontleding het onder andere gelei tot die ko-konstruksie van 23 kategoriee (met talle subkategoriee) waarvan die sentrale verskynsel as 'lae selfagting' geidentifiseer is. Verbande kon tussen die kernkategorie en ander kategoriee getrek word, en die volgende gekonseptualiseerde storielyn wat op 'n moontlike teorie kan dui, is gekokonstrueer: - Negatiewe suggerering in die pasient se verlede lei tot sy lae selfagting wat hy binne sy emosionele problematiek deur middel van 'n negatiewe denkskema ongesond hanteer en dan psigoterapie ontvang vir die behandeling van sy negatiewe etikette sodat 'n positiewe betekenisgewing aan sy selfagting vanuit 'n mediese hipno-analitiese perspektief gefasiliteer kan word. Die betekenis(se) wat die psigoterapeutiese pasiente aan hul selfagting gee, blyk, in ooreenstemming met die postmodernistiese tydgees, holisties van aard te wees.
Psychology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)
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Chen, Chih-Ying, and 陳芝潁. "The Research of Sedative Hypnotics–Zolpidem Users’ Working Pressure, Sleeping Quality, Anxiety and Depression." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73385236917028294652.
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碩士中臺科技大學
護理系碩士班
103
Various types of anxiety or sleep disorders has increased that have to rely on sedative hypnotic drugs to solve the problem for anxiety or sleep disorders. The study used the questionnaire included "Ministry of Labor- Easy Work Stress Scale", "Beck Anxiety Inventory," "Beck Depression Inventory" and "WHO Sleep Quality Index" for understanding the effect of participants who work under pressure, anxiety, depression and sleep quality with treat Zolpidem by analysing the demographic characteristics. Results showed 396 participants that women with sleep disorders than men due to work pressure that also induced anxiety and depression. Age of 31-40 and 41-50 years that has the quality of sleep and work pressure, anxiety and depression were higher than the emotional force other age. Anotherway, people unmarried express higher working pressure, especially divorce. Results also revealed that the higher level of education of the higher working pressure, easier to form poor quality sleep, anxiety and depression. The nature of the work level, it is exposed to hazardous environments or competitive pressures employed poor quality of sleep. Sleep quality is indeed a positive correlation with high work pressure, anxiety, and depression. Using Zolpidem might improve the quality of sleep but not anxiety and depression.
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Zeng, Ya-Fang, and 曾雅芳. "The Use of Hypnotics and Health: Results from the Long-Term NHI Research Database." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22899259860955109089.
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碩士國立陽明大學
醫務管理研究所
101
Background Given the fact that sleep disorders, especially chronic insomnia have become one of the major health problems, the use of hypnotics is steadily increasing. However, no studies with large sample size and long-term observation have been conducted to investigate the relationship between specific hypnotics and health effect. Objective To investigate the relationship between specific hypnotics and health effect, including mortality, cancer, chronic kidney disease and asthma. Methods Data sources were the one-million cohort of 2000 and 2005 Longitudinal National Health Insurance Research Database. Information included outpatient, emergency, hospital and pharmacy claims data from 2000 to 2009. The 1,320,322 subjects were aged 18 and over, and the use of hypnotics was divided into 5 groups: zolpidem users, other non-BZDs users, BZDs users, mixed users and non-users. Data were adjustrd for gender, age and comorbidity. Hazard ratio （HR） was calculated from Cox proportional hazards model. Results Mortality: Compared to the non-users, both BZDs （HRCCI=1.56, 95% CI: 1.53-1.59; HRElix=1.81, 95% CI: 1.78-1.85） and mixed users （HRCCI=1.08, 95% CI: 1.06-1.10; HRElix=1.44, 95% CI: 1.42-1.47） had higher risk of death, whereas other non-BZDs users （HRCCI=0.90, 95% CI: 0.86-0.95; HRElix=1.00, 95% CI: 0.95-1.05） did not have differences and zolpidem users （HRCCI=0.64, 95% CI: 0.63-0.66; HRElix=0.73, 95% CI: 0.71-0.75） exhibited lower risk of mortality in the adjusted models. This pattern remained similar after considering two matching techniques. The secondary analyses indicated that zolpidem users showed reduced risk of major cause-specific deaths except cancer and the protection effect was dose-response, with over one-year use having the lowest HR. Cancer: Compared to the non-users, hypnotics did not have differences risk of cancer. Chronic kidney disease: Compared to the non-users, hypnotics did not have differences risk of chronic kidney disease. Asthma: Compared to the non-users, hypnotics did not have differences risk of asthma. Conclusions The use of benzodiazepines or two types of hypnotics had higher risk on mortality, and zolpidem had lower risk on mortality. However, the use of hypnotics didn’t show different effect on cancer, chronic kidney or asthma.
Books on the topic "Hypnotism – Research"
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Fromm, Erika. Hypnosis: Developments in research and new perspectives. New Brunswick: Aldine Transaction, 2009.
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C, Bartone John. Hypnosis: Guidebook for medicine, reference & research. Washington, D.C: ABBE Publishers, 1985.
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Animal magnetism, early hypnotism, and psychical research, 1766-1925: An annotated bibliography. White Plains, N.Y: Kraus International Publications, 1988.
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Ovchinnikova, O. V. Gipnoz v ėksperimentalʹnom issledovanii lichnosti. Moskva: Izd-vo Moskovskogo universiteta, 1989.
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C, Bartone John. Methods in hypnosis: Guidebook for medicine, reference & research. Washington, D.C: Abbe Publishers Association, 1985.
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The search for Bridey Murphy. Toronto: Bantam, 1990.
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Bernstein, Morey. The search for Bridey Murphy. New York: Doubleday, 1989.
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Bernstein, Morey. The search for Bridey Murphy. Alexandria, Va: Time-Life Books, 1993.
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Bugmann, Mirjam. Hypnosepolitik: Der Psychiater August Forel, das Gehirn und die Gesellschaft (1870-1920). Köln: Böhlau, 2015.
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Parker, Philip M., and James N. Parker. Hypnosis: A medical dictionary, bibliography, and annotated research guide to Internet references. San Diego, CA: ICON Health Publications, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Hypnotism – Research"
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Baldassarre, Daniela, Filomena Oliva, and Ornella Piazza. "Intravenous Hypnotic Agents: From Binding Sites to Loss of Consciousness." In General Anesthesia Research, 125–32. New York, NY: Springer US, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9891-3_7.
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Wallace, Alfred Russel. "The Opposition to Hypnotism and Psychical Research." In The Wonderful Century, 438–53. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429401947-22.
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"Hypnotism, Lay Medicine and Psychical Research at the Fin de Siècle." In The Stepchildren of Science, 83–130. Brill | Rodopi, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789042027299_008.
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Revolorio, Kaddy, and Jennifer L. Martin. "Hypnotic Medication Use." In Integrative Sleep Medicine, edited by Valerie Cacho and Esther Lum, 419–32. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190885403.003.0026.
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Hypnotic medications are widely prescribed for the treatment of insomnia, and, either due to patient preference or medical necessity, some patients must discontinue use of hypnotics after using these medications for long periods of time. Helping patients to discontinue use of hypnotics can be clinically challenging. Hypnotic taper interventions as well as hypnotic taper interventions combined with cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) are generally useful in helping patients discontinue use without significant disruption to sleep. Interventions that include CBT-I seem to have greater long-term benefits as patients experience improvements in sleep that are long-lasting and are better able to abstain from hypnotic use in the future. Additional research to incorporate motivational enhancement strategies and better understand the optimal timing and structure of hypnotic medication tapering interventions with CBT-I are needed.
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Doostdar, Alireza. "Empirical Spirits." In The Iranian Metaphysicals. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691163772.003.0014.
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This chapter examines some of the earliest attempts at synthesizing theological speculation with the methods of the empirical sciences, drawing special attention to the epistemic and moral consequences of such syntheses. It also considers the neglected influence of Spiritism and psychical research among Iranian intellectuals in the first half of the twentieth century. The chapter first discusses the role of Mirza Khalil Khan Saqafi in bringing Spiritism to Iran and Spiritists' method of communication with disembodied souls, which they claimed were the fruit of modern scientific discovery. It then explores how experimental spirit science atracted interest from outside the network of commited Spiritists, focusing on Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini's views on hypnotism and séances with disembodied spirits. Finally, it shows how the Spiritists promoted empirical observation as a reliable means for verifying the existence of souls.
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Lader, Malcolm. "Anxiolytics and hypnotics." In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 1178–84. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0152.
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In many countries the drug treatment of both anxiety and insomnia still largely revolves around the use of the benzodiazepines. Nevertheless, controversy and disagreement still rage about the risk–benefit ratio of compounds in this area. Short-term use in both indications is well established, with a favourable database as a rationale for this approach. However, long-term use is still only researched in a limited way. While both the efficacy and safety of long-term use remain unclear, acceptance of current guidelines limiting the use of benzodiazepines seems wise. The advent of the SSRIs as anxiolytics has driven a wedge between the treatment methods for anxiety and insomnia. Anxiety can be treated just as effectively with an SSRI (and probably, pregabalin) as with a benzodiazepine, and more safely. The treatment of insomnia still relies on the benzodiazepines until the risk–benefit ratio of newer drugs such as the melatonin-related compounds becomes clear. Nevertheless, in the author's opinion the most important outstanding issue is the relationship between drug and non-drug treatments. The management of anxiety disorders and of insomnia is complex and is hampered by a dearth of information concerning the relative merits of various treatment modalities. Much research is also needed on the optimum strategies for combining all the therapies available to us, and on identifying predictors of response. Developments in the neuropharmacology of insomnia hold out the promise of new compounds with novel and perhaps more effective modes of action. With respect to anxiety disorders, a major shift of emphasis has followed the demonstration of the efficacy of the SSRIs.
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Reuber, Markus, Gregg H. Rawlings, and Steven C. Schachter. "Psychiatrist, 45 years’ experience, USA." In Non-Epileptic Seizures in Our Experience, edited by Markus Reuber, Gregg H. Rawlings, and Steven C. Schachter, 24–25. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190927752.003.0008.
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This chapter looks at how a psychiatrist treated a patient with non-epileptic seizures. The patient came to see the psychiatrist with a history of sudden onset seizure-like activity, mostly involving his head and neck. He had been treated with antiseizure medications and psychoactive drugs, with no improvement. The psychiatrist then found that the patient has family problems. The patient was the only person in the family who tried to hold it together. However, his reward for trying to pull the family together was being attacked from all sides. He would take it and keep trying. His only complaint took the form of his non-epileptic seizures. The psychiatrist then suggested to the patient that there was a connection between the mistreatment he was receiving and his seizures. Later, the psychiatrist measured the patient's hypnotizability using a standard measure designed for clinical as well as research use, called the Hypnotic Induction Profile, and proceeded to hypnotize him. After, the psychiatrist taught the patient to practice going into a state of self-hypnosis to be able to manage his seizures. This introduced him to a sense of control over them. At follow-up, the patient reported that he was practicing the self-hypnosis and that the seizures had diminished substantially in intensity and frequency.
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Vermeeren, Annemiek, and Anton M. L. Coenen. "Effects of the use of hypnotics on cognition." In Progress in Brain Research, 89–103. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-53817-8.00005-0.
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Liossi, Christina, Leora Kuttner, Chantal Wood, and Lonnie K. Zeltzer. "Hypnosis and relaxation." In Oxford Textbook of Paediatric Pain, 560–68. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642656.003.0054.
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This chapter discusses the current research literature and clinical practice regarding the use of hypnosis in paediatric pain management, first defining hypnosis and discussing theoretical conceptualizations. Next it presents our current understanding of the mechanisms of hypnotic analgesia, along with the research evidence for the efficacy of hypnosis in the control of acute and chronic paediatric pain; in both sections relevant clinical techniques are discussed. It also includes a description and discussion of different relaxation techniques and the evidence for their efficacy in acute and chronic pain management, and concludes with an attempt to summarize and evaluate the existing literature and make suggestions for future studies and clinical practice.
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Paoletti, Patrizio, Tal Dotan Ben-Soussan, and Joseph Glicksohn. "Inner Navigation and Theta Activity: From Movement to Cognition and Hypnosis According to the Sphere Model of Consciousness." In Hypnotherapy and Hypnosis. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92755.
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EEG theta (4–7 Hz) activity is closely related to hypnosis and hypnotic analgesia, as well as to meditation and absorption. Research further indicates that theta oscillatory power is involved in different cognitive functions, such as spatial navigation, memory, creativity, and divided attention. The current manuscript will provide a synthesis of current knowledge regarding the importance of theta’s different roles in relation to hypnosis and their connections to movement. Indeed, several movement paradigms, such as Quadrato Motor Training, have been found to modulate theta activity, significantly improving cognition and emotional well-being. The utility of such movement paradigms as a therapeutic vehicle closely related to hypnosis, and the underlying characteristics allowing these neuromodulations, will be discussed. Finally, the relationships between diagonal movement and other psychological phenomena, especially intentionality, attention, and the Sphere Model of Consciousness, will be highlighted.
Conference papers on the topic "Hypnotism – Research"
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Zavrel, Erik A., and Matthew R. Ebben. "An Active Distal Limb Warming Device for Insomnia Treatment." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3469.
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The defining characteristics of insomnia are widely recognized as difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and sleep that is non-restorative [1]. Insomnia is among the most common health complaints: about 10% of the adult population complains of a chronic insomnia problem [2]. With aging, increasingly disturbed sleep and less satisfaction with sleep quality are reported [3]. This common problem has wide ranging physiological, cognitive, and behavioral consequences including higher healthcare utilization [4–6]. Current major treatment options for insomnia (hypnotic medications and non-pharmacological behavioral interventions) suffer side effects and shortcomings. Thermoregulation plays a key role in promoting and maintaining sleep. At night, core body temperature (CBT) drops while distal skin temperature (DST) increases. It was previously believed that the nighttime drop in CBT was the most important promoter of sleep. However, recent research has shown that it is in fact the increase in DST (with net body heat loss owing to the large distal skin surface area) which is associated with an increase in sleepiness, whereas a decrease in DST (with resulting net body heat retention) is associated with a decrease in sleepiness [7]. The amount of distal vasodilation, as measured by the distal-proximal skin temperature gradient (DPG), is more predictive of sleep onset than subjective sleepiness ratings, CBT, or dim light melatonin onset. In fact, “the degree of dilation of blood vessels in the skin of the hands and feet, which increases heat loss at these extremities, is the best physiological predictor for the rapid onset of sleep” [8]. The link between distal skin warming and sleep propensity is further strengthened by the fact that warm water immersion of hands and feet has been found to decrease sleep onset latency (SOL) and pre-sleep warm baths have long been prescribed as an insomnia treatment. In a recent study, we used a multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) to perform multiple nap trials throughout the day, with the participants’ hands and feet immersed in warm water prior to each nap. We found that both mild and moderate warming of the hands and feet prior to a nap significantly reduced SOL compared to a baseline MSLT without warming [9]. We also previously conducted a trial of temperature biofeedback for insomnia treatment in which we demonstrated SOL reduction using muscle relaxation techniques to induce distal vasodilation, increase blood flow to the extremities, and modulate temperature of hands and feet [10]. Additionally, it has been shown that regardless of circadian variation throughout the day, finger temperature shows a rapid increase immediately before sleep onset [11]. Lastly, people with primary vascular dysregulation (a condition caused by abnormal vasoconstriction that results in cold hands and feet) exhibit significantly increased SOL and greater difficulty falling asleep following nocturnal arousal [12]. Thus, some presentations of insomnia may be secondary to distal vasodilation failure. The motivation for an active distal limb warming device as a treatment for insomnia is based on the established functional link between distal vasodilation and sleep induction [13]. Somewhat counterintuitively then, heating of hands and feet can induce distal vasodilation, promote net body heat loss, and facilitate sleep onset [14, 15].