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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hypnosis'
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1
Grotts, James B. (James Bruce). "The Influence of Hypnotic Susceptibility on Depth of Trance Using a Direct Induction and a Metaphorical Induction Technique." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331706/.
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To test the hypothesis that a metaphorical technique would be more effective than a direct technique to induce hypnosis, 60 volunteers from students at North Texas State University were divided into high- and low-susceptible subjects by the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility. They were randomly assigned to direct and metaphorical induction groups and to a control group, with 10 high- and 10 low-susceptible subjects in each group. After hypnosis they completed the Field Inventory of Hypnotic Depth, and their mean scores were subjected to an analysis of variance and a Newman-Keuls test. Neither method of hypnotic induction was found more effective than the other, although both were effective when compared to a control group. It was also found that subjects who expected to be able to experience hypnosis were no more likely to be hypnotized than those who expected not to be able to experience hypnosis. Finally, it was found that low-susceptible subjects were as likely to respond to a post-hypnotic suggestion as high-susceptible subjects.
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West, Victoria. "The experience of hypnosis : susceptibility and hypnotic skills training." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310472.
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Luna, Kristina J. "Physiological differences between self-hypnosis and hetero-hypnosis." Open access to IUP's electronic theses and dissertations, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2069/171.
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Tomé, Lopes Pires Catarina de Oliveira. "Pain and Hypnosis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284157.
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Aquesta tesi es centra en l’estudi de la migranya a un nivell cognitiu i psicofisiològic, així com en l'ús de la hipnosi per al tractament del dolor crònic. A la migranya, s'ha proposat una sensibilització electrodèrmica específica per a paraules relacionades amb el dolor. Encara que no hem trobat una activitat electrodèrmica específica en pacients amb migranya en resposta a estímuls relacionats amb el dolor i emocionals negatius, les persones amb migranya van recordar les paraules emocionals (esbiaixos cognitius) significativament més que les persones sense mal de cap. El catastrofisme relacionat amb el dolor estava relacionat amb el tipus de record. La migranya és una experiència de dolor que implica el processament emocional d'una àmplia gamma d'estímuls. D'interès fonamental és que: (1) el processament cognitiu alterat pot tenir un paper rellevant en el manteniment i la cronificació de la migranya, (2) la relació personal entre els descriptors del dolor, paraules emocionals i migranya, pot provocar una sensibilització condicionada i altament específica. Aquesta tesi també tenia per objecte examinar el valor terapèutic de la hipnosi en el context del dolor crònic. Una revisió sistemàtica sobre l'ús de la hipnosi en nens i adolescents va revelar que la hipnosi és una tècnica eficaç en el control del dolor. De la mateixa manera, una enquesta a internet per als professionals de la salut que utilitzen la hipnosi va mostrar que les tècniques hipnòtiques es seleccionen en funció de l'edat dels pacients, el que revela que els professionals tenen en compte el desenvolupament dels pacients, i que l'eficàcia de les tècniques hipnòtiques depèn, almenys en certa mesura, de l'edat del jove. Finalment, no hem trobat cap influència de les expectatives en la fenomenologia hipnòtica.Esta tesis se centró en la migraña a un nivel cognitivo y psicofisiológico, así como en el uso de la hipnosis para el tratamiento del dolor crónico. En la migraña, se ha propuesto una sensibilización electrodérmica específica para palabras relacionadas con el dolor. Aunque no encontramos una actividad electrodérmica específica en pacientes con migraña en respuesta a estímulos relacionados con el dolor y emocionales negativos, las personas con migraña recordaron las palabras emocionales (sesgos cognitivos) significativamente más que las personas sin dolor de cabeza. El catastrofismo relacionado con el dolor estaba relacionado con el tipo de recuerdo. La migraña es una experiencia de dolor que implica el procesamiento emocional de una amplia gama de estímulos. De interés fundamental resulta que: (1) el procesamiento cognitivo alterado puede tener un papel relevante en el mantenimiento y la cronificación de la migraña, (2) la relación personal entre los descriptores del dolor, palabras emocionales y migraña, puede conducir a una sensibilización acondicionada y altamente específica. Esta tesis también tenía por objetivo examinar el valor terapéutico de la hipnosis en el contexto del dolor crónico. Una revisión sistemática sobre el uso de la hipnosis en niños y adolescentes reveló que la hipnosis es una técnica eficaz en el control del dolor. Del mismo modo, una encuesta en internet para los profesionales de la salud que utilizan la hipnosis mostró que las técnicas hipnóticas se seleccionan en función de la edad de los pacientes, lo que revela que los profesionales tienen en cuenta la etapa de desarrollo de los pacientes, y que la eficacia de las técnicas hipnóticas depende, al menos en cierta medida, de la edad del joven. Por último, no encontramos influencia de las expectativas en la fenomenología hipnótica.
This dissertation thesis focused on migraine pain at a cognitive and psychophysiological level, as well as on the use of hypnosis for the management of chronic pain. In migraine, a specific electrodermal sensitization to pain-related words has been proposed. Even though we did not find such a specific electrodermal activity in migraineurs in response to pain-related stimuli and negative emotional words, we did find that migraineurs recalled emotional words (i.e. cognitive biases) significantly more than headache-free controls. We also found that pain catastrophizing was related to memory recall. Migraine is a pain experience that implies emotional processing of a wide range of stimuli. Of fundamental interest is that: (1) altered cognitive processing may have a relevant role in the maintenance and chronification of migraine; (2) the personal relationship between pain descriptors, emotional words and migraineurs, which may lead to highly specific conditioning and sensitization. This dissertation also examined the therapeutic value of hypnosis in the context of chronic pain. A systematic review on the use of hypnosis in children and adolescents revealed that hypnosis was an effective pain control technique. Likewise, an online survey for health care professionals using hypnosis showed that age-tailored hypnotic techniques are endorsed by them. Hypnotic techniques are selected as a function of the age of patients, which reveals that professionals take into account the developmental stage of young patients, and that the efficacy of hypnotic techniques depends, at least to certain extent, on the age of the child. Finally, when testing the value of expectancies in hypnotic responsiveness (following a phenomenological perspective) we did not found any influences of such a construct in explaining the hypnotic phenomenology (i.e., the hypnoidal state and altered state of consciousness).
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Mallard, David Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "Resolving conflict in hypnosis." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Psychology, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19121.
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This thesis investigated the management of conflict between reality and suggestion during hypnosis. The eight experiments conducted for this thesis investigated the social, motivational, and cognitive factors that mediate participants? response to conflict during a negative visual hallucination. Chapter 1 reviews the relevant literature and presents the rationale for the program of research. Chapter 2 presents Experiments 1 and 2, which explored hypnotic participants? capacity to manage conflict under different conditions. The findings indicated that cognitive and behavioural strategies that allow participants to avoid conflict are useful, but not essential, in managing hypnotic conflict. Chapter 3 presents Experiment 3, which developed a paradigm that allowed conflict to be manipulated in a way that minimised response cues. The findings indicated that gradually and unobtrusively modifying a stimulus influenced participants? responses even though participants did not indicate any knowledge that the stimulus was manipulated. Chapter 4 presents Experiment 4, which investigated the relevance of hypnotisability and hypnosis to conflict management. The findings indicated that hypnosis provides a context in which hypnotisable participants are able to maintain their belief despite demanding levels of conflict. Chapter 5 presents Experiments 5 and 6, which focused on the role of social demands in participants? response to hypnotic conflict. The findings indicated that demand characteristics shape participants? interpretation of the appropriate response to conflict during an hypnotic suggestion. Chapter 6 presents Experiments 7 and 8, which addressed the relevance of cognitive processes to hypnotic conflict management. The findings indicated that participants used cognitive strategies to manage conflict that were appropriate to the suggestion, degree of conflict, and their individual abilities. Overall, the findings indicated that hypnotic participants? management of conflict involves motivated, strategic responding so as to maintain a belief that events are as communicated by the hypnotist. These issues are discussed within a theoretical perspective that is presented in Chapter 7. This perspective emphasises the hypnotisability of participants, the role of hypnotic induction, participants? interpretation of the desired response, the belief that participants develop in the reality of the suggested events, and the readiness of participants to employ conflict management strategies that produce the appropriate outcome.
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Drake, Stephen Douglas. "Imaginative Involvement and Hypnotic Susceptibility." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331851/.
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J. Hilgard (1970, 1972, 1974, 1979), utilizing an interview format, asserted that a personality variable, namely, an individual's capacity to become imaginatively involved in experiences outside of hypnosis, was significantly correlated with his or her hypnotic susceptibility. Tellegen and Atkinson (1974) operationalized the imaginative involvement variable in a 37-item questionnaire, the Tellegen Absorption Scale (TAS) that correlated significantly with hypnotic susceptibility (e.g., Crawford, 1982). However, Council, Kirsch, and Hafner (1986) suggested that the relationship between the TAS and hypnotic susceptibility is a context-mediated artifact in that the two correlate only when the TAS is administered within a context clearly identified as involving hypnosis. As the interviews conducted by J. Hilgard (1970, 1972, 1974, 1979) were done within a context clearly identified as involving hypnosis, the possibility exists that the relationship between imaginative involvement and hypnotic susceptibility is also a context-mediated artifact. In a test of this possibility, 86 subjects were interviewed concerning their imaginative involvements. Forty-three subjects were interviewed within a context defined as "research investigating hypnosis" and 43 subjects were interviewed within a context defined as "research investigating imagination." Hypnotic susceptibility was assessed in sessions separate from the interviews. In the present study, an individual's hypnotic susceptibility was not found to be significantly related to his or her imaginative involvement. It appears J. Hilgard's original finding may have been due to chance correlations compounded by subsequent experimenter expectancy effects. It is recommended that J. Hilgard's work be clarified through more extensive replications in which experimenter blindness is assured.
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Anderson, Hazel Patricia. "Synaesthesia, hypnosis and consciousness." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/54236/.
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For people with synaesthesia, a percept or concept (inducer) triggers another experience (concurrent) which is usually in a different modality. The concurrent is automatic, and in the case of certain types of synaesthesia also consistent, however the relationship between the inducer and concurrent is not fully understood and shall be investigated in this thesis from different perspectives. The first is using hypnosis to suggest synaesthesia-like phenomenological experiences to participants, and measuring behavioural responses to see whether they behave in a similar manner to developmental synaesthetes. Results from hypnotic; 1) grapheme-colour (GC) synaesthesia; 2) motion-sound synaesthesia; suggest that phenomenological experiences similar to developmental synaesthesia can be experienced by highly susceptible participants, but is not associated with the same behaviour as developmental synaesthetes. Developmental GC synaesthetes were tested to determine whether a grapheme presented preconsciously binds with the concurrent colour to the extent that it influences behaviour or evokes the phenomenology of colour. Two techniques were used, gaze-contingent substitution (GCS) and continuous flash suppression (CFS). Using GCS, it was shown that although digits can be primed preconsciously, they don't bind with their concurrent colour to influence behaviour. Nevertheless, many synaesthetes still experienced colours though they didn't necessarily match the primed digit. CFS experiments showed that the colour of a grapheme's concurrent, or whether the grapheme is presented in the correct or incorrect colour for that synaesthete, doesn't influence the time for conscious perception of a grapheme, even though colour words presented in the correct colour are perceived faster than those in the wrong colour. Phenomenological differences were compared to the behavioural measures using questionnaires modified using factor analysis (the R-RSPA and R-ISEQ). Overall, inducers must be seen consciously for them to bind with the concurrent, and experiencing the phenomenology of synaesthesia is not sufficient to behave like a synaesthete.
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Geupel, Hendrik. "Angst in der Zahnarztpraxis- Akzeptanz und Nutzen von Hypnose in der zahnärztlichen Behandlung." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-93586.
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Anlló, Hernán. "Hypnosis through the lens of attention." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC203/document.
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Dans le présent travail, nous proposons qu'un aperçu plus clair de l'interaction entre la suggestion hypnotique et l'attention aiderait à établir le point précis du chronogramme perceptif auquel les effets de l'hypnose interviennent, comment modulent-ils exactement le contrôle cognitif et dans quelle mesure la réponse hypnotique dépend-elle des ressources attentionnelles. Afin de répondre à ces questions expérimentales, nous avons développé trois projets de recherche: (1) les données normatives sur notre traduction en français pour l'Échelle de Susceptibilité Hypnotique de Groupe Harvard, (2) une évaluation des effets de la suggestion posthypnotique sur l'attention visuo-spatiale et (3) une évaluation sur la capacité de la suggestion hypnotique de moduler l'allocation automatique de l'attention accordée par le Anger Superiority Effect. Les résultats de notre première étude nous ont permis de noter avec fiabilité la susceptibilité hypnotique de plus de 500 participants pour les études qui ont suivi. Les résultats de notre deuxième étude indiquent que, pour les participants hautement susceptibles, la suggestion posthypnotique a perturbé avec succès les mécanismes d'attention précoce nécessaires à la stimulation de l'amorçage, ainsi que des jugements de visibilité subjectifs tardifs. Notre troisième étude a révélé que, grâce à une suggestion hypnotique, les participants hautement hypnotizables ont pu empêcher l'allocation automatique de l'attention vers des expressions de colère par un découplage stratégique du contrôle cognitif, mais seulement lorsque les ressources attentionnelles n'avaient pas été cooptées par des processus concurrents. Ensemble, nos résultats appuient les idées selon lesquelles l'hypnose émet ses effets grâce au contrôle cognitif, qui peut perturber les mécanismes attentionnels précoces et tardifs de manières distinctes et que la disponibilité des ressources attentionnelles détermine l'éventail d'action de l'induction et de la suggestion hypnotiquesIn the present work, we posit that a clearer outline of the interaction between hypnotic suggestion and attention would help establishing the precise point in the perceptual timeline at which hypnosis effects intervene, how exactly do they modulate cognitive control, and to what extent is hypnotic responding dependent on attentional resources. In order to tend to these experimental questions, we developed three research projects: (1) the normative data on our French translation for the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, (2) an evaluation of the effects of posthypnotic suggestion on visuospatial attention, and (3) an evaluation on the capability of hypnotic suggestion to modulate the automatic attention allocation granted by the anger-saliency effect. The results from our first study allowed us to reliably score the hypnotic susceptibility of over 500 participants for the studies that ensued. Results from our second study indicated that for highly susceptible participants, posthypnotic suggestion successfully disrupted the early attentional mechanisms necessary for the fostering of priming, as well as late subjective visual awareness judgments. Our third study revealed that, through hypnotic suggestion, highly susceptible participants were able to deflect automatic attention allocation towards targets’ task-irrelevant angry features through strategic decoupling of cognitive control, but only when attentional resources were not coopted by competing processes. Pooled together, our findings support the ideas that hypnosis enacts its effects through cognitive control, that these can disrupt both early and late attentional mechanisms in distinct manners, and that the availability of attentional resources determines the range of action of hypnotic induction and suggestion
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Bures, Evelyn M. (Evelyn Marie) Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Pseudomemory, hypnosis and reporting bias." Ottawa, 1993.
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Fassler, Oliver. "Repeated hypnosis testing expectancies, boredom, and interpretive set /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.
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LeBlanc, André Robert. "On hypnosis, simulation, and faith, the problem of post-hypnotic suggestion in France, 1884-1896." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ49914.pdf.
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Khosravi, Sara. "Constrained model predictive control of hypnosis." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/56230.
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This thesis investigates the design and performance of a model predictive controller (MPC) for the automatic control of hypnosis. It constitutes the first step towards automatic control of anesthesia with constraints on important parameters such as drug concentrations in the body and hemodynamic variables such as blood pressure. The literature suggests, that closed-loop control of anesthesia can significantly reduce drug consumption and lessen recovery times, thus improving the safety and quality of anesthesia care while reducing costs. However, automation of anesthesia is challenging because of shortcomings associated with drug-response modeling, in particular limited data for children and disagreement between published models, inadequate predictive capacity of models owing to inclusion of monitor dynamics in the models, and significant inter/intra patient variability and uncertainty in models. The first part of this thesis introduces a new approach to dose-response modeling and presents models with different clinical end-points for propofol in children and adults. This thesis also presents a new monitor-decoupledmodel of propofol pharmacodynamics (PD) where the monitor model is clearly excluded from the identified PD. The second part of the thesis concentrates on design of a constrained MPC for hypnosis. While the anesthesia closed-loop concept has already been investigated in the past, there is still a need for a closed-loop control system that explicitly includes robustness in the design step, allows constraints on drug concentrations and physiological parameters, and can incorporate multivariable control of multi drug and multi sensor systems. In this thesis, robust MPC controllers are presented for closed-loop control of depth of hypnosis in adults and children. Robustness in the presence of inter-patient variability is taken into account in the controller design. A novel idea is introduced on how to define and implement physiological constraints in closed-loop control of hypnosis using MPC with a parallel PKPD model. Evaluation of the proposed MPC meets the design specifications and shows that the required robustness against patient uncertainty is achieved and the proposed safety constrained control strategy can potentially reduce the risk of under/over-dosing for most patients by providing controller enforced safety bounds without sacrificing the performance of the closed-loop control system.Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Wilson, Lucy Erma. "An Examination of the Perceptual Asymmetries of Depressed Persons as Mediated by Hypnosis." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332206/.
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This study evaluated the role of asymmetric processing of information in depression. Depression has been hypothesized to involve a deficit in the global processing of information (Tucker, 1982). This type of global processing has been manipulated through the use of hypnosis by Crawford and Allen (1983). In the current study, a 3 x 2 ANCOVA design allowed the comparison of three groups of subjects on their performance on a perceptual task measuring global perception. The task chosen was designed by Navon (1977) and consisted of designs which differed on global or local features. The groups were screened with the Beck Depression Inventory, the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, and the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, yielding 46 subjects divided into three groups of right-handed males and females. The experimental group consisted of high susceptible depressives from the community. The controls were one group of high susceptible normals and one of low susceptible depressives. All groups performed the Navon task under both waking and hypnosis conditions. Analysis of the results revealed a main effect for group (F(2, 86) = 9.60, p < .01) on the global scores. In addition, high social desirability scores predicted slower presentation times. However, hypnosis was not effective in creating a significant change in performance on the dependent measure. The results are discussed as support for the hypothesized differences between depressives and normals. Differences between the measures used in the present study and that of Crawford and Allen suggest that hypnosis may mediate imagery at a conceptual level but not at the level of the primary visual-perceptual system.
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Whitehead, Susanne. "Interpersonal perceptions in hypnosis : an interactional perspective /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18004.pdf.
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Munch, Rod J. "Hypnosis : an effective intervention for migraine headaches." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28183.
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The general distribution of the headache worldwide, its widespread occurrence, and its frequency of incidence is well documented. It is a disorder that often goes unreported with pharmaceutical intervention being the most commonly applied remedy. The National Migraine Foundation estimates that 42 million Americans suffer from headaches. Of these 8 to 12 million Americans are afflicted by the migraine headache. This study examined the effectiveness of hypnotherapy as an intervention for migraines.
It was a single case holistic study in which a 23 year old female migraineur provided the single unit of analysis. Assessments of self concept; stress; headache frequency, duration, and intensity; and consumption of pharmacological substances were made prior to treatment, during treatment, and following treatment. The therapy consisted of eight sessions over 2 1/2 weeks and consisted of a relaxation induction and guided imagery of control of physiological responses. An audiotape of the hypnotherapy intervention was also used on a dally basis by the client.
Results from post therapy and follow-up tests confirmed the treatment was effective. This was maintained at the one and two month follow-ups.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Maxwell, Reed. "Hypnosis, hypnotizability, memory and involvement in films." Thesis, State University of New York at Binghamton, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1543613.
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Researchers have reported increased involvement in reading (Baum and Lynn, 1981) and music-listening (Snodgrass and Lynn, 1989) tasks during hypnosis. We predicted a similar effect for film viewing of greater absorption and involvement in an emotional (The Champ) versus a non-emotional ( Scenes of Toronto) film clip. We also examined the effects of hypnosis and film valence on memory and state depersonalization. Our study is the first to use state dissociation to index response to hypnosis. We tested 121 participants who completed measures of absorption and trait dissociation and the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility and then viewed the two films (approx. 3min per film) after either an hypnotic induction or a non-hypnotic task (i.e., anagrams). State dissociation was evaluated at four points and recall was evaluated immediately after each film. Absorption and emotional response varied as a function of both hypnotic suggestibility and film valence. Highly hypnotizable participants reported more state depersonalization relative to less hypnotizable participants; however, we observed no significant correlation between hypnotizability and trait dissociation, in keeping with previous research (Kirsch and Lynn, 1998). Contrary to the ASCH, hypnosis failed to improve memory. As predicted, the emotional film was associated with more commission and more omission errors than the non-emotional film.
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Miller, Michael. "Transference, hypnosis and the fate of psychoanalysis." Thesis, University of East London, 2001. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/1272/.
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This thesis is an enquiry into the psychoanalytic concept of transference. The `transference' refers to a particular kind of relationship that a patient develops towards his therapist and is found, to a greater or lesser degree, in all psychotherapeutic encounters. Psychoanalysis claims that its understanding and handling of the transference relationship provides an unrivalled access into the unconscious mind. Using an historical approach, I examine the pre-history of psychoanalysis from Mesmer to Freud. I then look at the subsequent development within psychoanalysis up to the present, as represented by the school of psychoanalysis known as Object Relations (OR). What I set out to demonstrate, through a critical examination of the psychoanalytic literature, is that the concept of transference does not achieve the epistemological breakthrough for psychoanalysis that is claimed. Firstly I show that the observation connecting transference with the unconscious is by no means a new idea. This connection had already been noted in relation to the concept of the `rapport' developed by Mesmer and his followers some 150 years prior to the advent of psychoanalysis. Secondly I show that the explanation that psychoanalysis gives in terms of the `unconscious phantasies' said to underlie transference, is mistaken. I show that both the formation of transference in terms of ideas about the therapist, and the psychoanalytic interpretation of these ideas in terms of `unconscious phantasy', in fact deny the real nature of the unconscious. This leads me to the development of my central argument against psychoanalysis. Firstly I argue that the real nature of the unconscious is structured around affectivity not ideas. Secondly, I argue that because psychoanalysis misunderstands the real nature of the unconscious, its therapeutic method offers no significant advantage over hypnosis, out of which it directly developed.
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Mawdsley, Joel Evan David. "Psychological stress and hypnosis in ulcerative colitis." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2008. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1540.
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Previous studies suggest that life events and chronic stress increase the risk of relapse in inflammatory bowel disease. Furthermore, experimental stress has been shown to worsen inflammation in animal models of colitis. Hypnotherapy is effective for functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and claimed by some patients to improve ulcerative colitis (UC). Two major hypotheses are tested in this thesis: i) Psychological stress can worsen inflammation via its effects on various systemic and rectal mucosal inflammatory variables in quiescent UC. ii) Relaxation achieved through hypnosis can reduce inflammation via its effects on various systemic and mucosal inflammatory variables in active UC. Patients with UC and healthy controls underwent an experimental stress test, hypnotherapy session or control procedure. Various systemic and, in patients with UC, rectal mucosal inflammatory measures were assessed before and after each procedure. The major findings are as follows: i) In patients with inactive UC, acute experimental stress increased LPS stimulated TNF-a and IL-6 production by whole blood. Stress also increased leukocyte count, Natural Killer (NK) cell count, platelet activation and platelet-leukocyte aggregate (PLA) formation. At the mucosal level, stress increased TNF-a in perimucosal fluid, and mucosal ROM production; it reduced rectal mucosal blood flow (RMBF). ii) In patients with active UC, one session of hypnotherapy reduced serum IL-6 concentration and caused a transient reduction in NK cell numbers. At the mucosal level, hypnotherapy caused a reduction in the concentration in peri-mucosal fluid of Substance P, histamine and IL-13 and reduced RMBF. iii) Chronic stress, as assessed by psychometric questionnaires,d id not affect the response to acute experimental stress. iv) There was no difference between the responses of patients with UC and healthy volunteers to any protocol. In conclusion, stress increased, whilst hypnotherapy reduced various inflammatory measures at both the systemic and mucosal level in patients with UC. These effects might contribute to the reported adverse effects of stress and therapeutic efficacy of hypnotherapy in UC.
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Leplus-Habeneck, Jean-Sébastien. "Fonction rituelle de l’hypnose dans le suivi de troubles du deuil persistant." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH035/document.
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Les processus hypnotiques font l'objet d’études transdisciplinaires qui attestent d’un état spécifique et impliquent des dimensions relationnelles et contextuelles (Rainville, 2004 ; Bioy, 2017). Cette recherche s’effectue dans le contexte des Troubles du Deuil Persistant (T.D.P, Prigerson, 2009 ; Zech, 2006 ; Fasse, 2013). Une approche pharmacologique améliore la composante dépressive sans affecter les symptômes spécifiques du TDP, questionnant la place des interventions psychothérapeutiques (Hensley, 2006). Cette recherche exploratoire interroge le sens que peut prendre l'expérience hypnotique dans un contexte de TDP et d’en décrire une phénoménologie. La dimension rituelle du dispositif hypnotique pourrait sous-tendre les phénomènes de « guérisons immédiates » (Michaux, 2007), tâche aveugle dans la pratique de l'hypnothérapie. Il s’agit d’une recherche-action qualitative, longitudinale, utilisant l’Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, 2009). Les résultats montrent que l’hypnose peut endosser une fonction de rituel thérapeutique qui se caractérise par une scansion temporelle nette, comme acte de clôture. Nous avons identifié une mythologie hypnotique relevant du « savoir commun », tributaire de l’intensité des expectatives et croyances sur l’hypnose, notamment de ses dimensions « magiques » et « thérapeutiques ». L’effet de cadre et la ritualisation séquencée de la séance sont primordiaux. Les personnes expérimentant un rituel de « guérison immédiate » étaient exemptes de comorbidités psychiatriques majeures. Les éléments centraux sont : l’alliance thérapeutique, l’absence de compétition avec d’autres systèmes de croyances, le respect de l’écologie psychique du sujet, son engagement dans un changement de relation avec le défunt et l’ouverture d’une opportunité socialement acceptable pour le produire. Cette ritualité est un acte de clôture d'un mode de relation. Les situations d'inopérance du dispositif montrent des effets de dissonance cognitive induite, entre soumission temporaire à une suggestion et résistance à un vécu d’abandon du défunt. Les dimensions de « fidélité » et de « loyauté » sont majeures dans ces phénomènes, face à un hypnothérapeute « sujet supposé pouvoir »Hypnotic processes are the subject of transdisciplinary studies that attest to a specific state and involve relational and contextual dimensions (Rainville, 2004; Bioy, 2017). This research is carried out in the context of Persistent Grief Disorders (P.G.D.., Prigerson, 2009, Zech, 2006, Fasse, 2013). A pharmacological approach improves the depressive component without affecting the specific symptoms of PGD, questioning the place of psychotherapeutic interventions (Hensley, 2006). This exploratory research questions the meaning that hypnotic experience can take in a PGD context and describes a phenomenology. The ritual dimension of the hypnotic device could underlie the phenomena of "immediate healings" (Michaux, 2007), a blind task in the practice of hypnotherapy. This is a qualitative longitudinal action research using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, 2009). The results show that hypnosis can assume a therapeutic ritual function that is characterized by a clear temporal scansion, as an act of closure of a mode of relationship. We have identified a hypnotic mythology of "common knowledge",dependent on the intensity of expectations and beliefs about hypnosis, especially its "magical" and "therapeutic" dimensions. The frame effect and the sequential ritualization of the session are major. People experiencing an "immediate healing" ritual were free of major psychiatric comorbidities. The central elements are: the therapeutic alliance, the absence of competition with other belief systems, respect for the psychological ecology of the subject, his involvement in a change of relationship with the deceased and the opening of a socially acceptable opportunity to produce it. Situations of inoperability show effects of cognitive dissonance induced, between temporary submission to a suggestion and resistance to a lived experience of abandonment of the deceased. The dimensions of "fidelity" and "loyalty" are major in these phenomena
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Magalhaes, De Saldanha D. Pedro. "The power of suggestion: placebo, hypnosis, imaginative suggestion and attention." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209119.
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People have always been fascinated by the extent to which belief or will may influencebehavior. Proverbs, like “we tend to get what we expect,” and concepts, such as optimistic
thinking or self-fulfilling prophecy, reflect this intuition of an important link between one’s
dispositions and subsequent behavior. In other words, one’s predictions directly or
indirectly cause them to become true. In a similar manner, every culture, country or
religion has their own words for ‘expectation,’ ‘belief,’ ‘disappointment,’ ‘surprise,’ and
generally all have the same meaning: under uncertainty, what one expects or believes is the
most likely to happen. This relation between what caused a reaction in the past will
probably cause it again in the future might not be realistic. If the expected outcome is not
confirmed, it may result in a personal ‘disappointment’, and if the outcome fits no
expectations, it will be a ‘surprise’. Our brain is hardwired with this heuristic capacity of
learning the cause-effect relationship and to project its probability as the basis for much of
our behavior, as well as cognitions. This experience-based expectation is a form of
learning that helps the brain to bypass an exhaustive search in finding a satisfactory
solution. Expectations may thus be considered an innate theory of causality; that is, a set of
factors (causes) generating a given phenomenon (effects) influence the way we treat
incoming information but also the way we retrieve the stored information. These
expectancy templates may well represent one of the basic rules of how the brain processes
information, affecting the way we perceive the world, direct our attention and deal with
conflicting information. In fact, expectations have been shown to influence our judgments
and social interactions, along with our volition to individually decide and commit to a
particular course of action. However, people’s expectations may elicit the anticipation of
their own automatic reactions to various situations and behaviors cues, and can explain that
expecting to feel an increase in alertness after coffee consumption leads to experiencing
the consequent physiologic and behavioral states. We call this behavior-response
expectancy. This non-volitional form of expectation has been shown to influence
cognitions such as memory, pain, visual awareness, implicit learning and attention, through
the mediation of phenomena like placebo effects and hypnotic behaviors. Importantly,when talking about expectations, placebo and hypnosis, it is important to note that we are
also talking about suggestion and its modulating capability. In other words, suggestion has
the power to create response expectancies that activate automatic responses, which will, in
turn, influence cognition and behavior so as to shape them congruently with the expected
outcome. Accordingly, hypnotic inductions are a systematic manipulation of expectancy,
similar to placebo, and therefore they both work in a similar way. Considering such
assumptions, the major question we address in this PhD thesis is to know if these
expectancy-based mechanisms are capable of modulating more high-level information
processing such as cognitive conflict resolution, as is present in the well-known Stroop
task. In fact, in a recent series of studies, reduction or elimination of Stroop congruency
effects was obtained through suggestion and hypnotic induction. In this PhD thesis, it is
asked whether a suggestion reinforced by placebos, operating through response-expectancy
mechanisms, is able to induce a top-down cognitive modulation to overcome cognitive
conflict in the Stroop task, similar to those results found using suggestion and hypnosis
manipulation.
Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Parra, Alain. "Hypnose, attention et imagination." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0450.
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Afin de mieux comprendre les phénomènes hypnotiques décrits dans le domaine de la recherche expérimentale, nous avons réalisé un travail de synthèse sur les différents cadres théoriques de l’hypnose. A l’issue de travail de synthèses nous avons pu proposer une redéfinition et une modélisation, le Modèle I3, de ce que l’on appelle « hypnose » en pensant ces situations en termes de mécanismes psychologiques et cognitifs simples. Dans le but de tester notre modélisation, nous avons construit une série d’expérimentations autour de deux phénomènes hypnotiques dits « sensoriels » présents dans les échelles d’hypnotisabilité standards : « le bras lourd » et « l’hallucination du moustique ». Grâce à l’application d’une suggestion « engageant l’intéroception et l’imagination » (EII) issue de notre modélisation, il nous a été possible d’augmenter, largement au-dessus des résultats obtenus dans la littérature, l’hypnotisabilité de sujets non spécifiquement sélectionnés pour leurs habiletés hypnotiques, et cela sans entraînement, ni induction hypnotique préalable. Enfin, dans une dernière expérience, nous avons voulu appliquer notre modélisation à un phénomène hypnotique plus complexe et impliquant un processus automatique non contrôlable : l’annulation de l’effet Stroop. Notre suggestion EII permet de réduire l’effet Stroop sur des sujets non sélectionnés, mais ne semble pas suffisamment efficace pour produire des hallucinations visuelles assez puissantes ou assez prégnantes ayant un effet aussi massif que celui obtenu avec des sujets Hautement Hypnotisables. Les implications de notre travail sont discutées en dernière partieIn order to better understand the hypnotic phenomena described in the field of experimental research, we produced a synthesis on the different theories of hypnosis. This synthesis work allowed us to propose a redefinition and a modeling, the I3 Model, of what we call "hypnosis" by thinking these situations in terms of simple psychological and cognitive mechanisms.To test our modeling, we have built a series of experiments around two "sensory" hypnotic phenomena present in the standard hypnotizability scales: "arm immobilization" and "mosquito hallucination". Thanks to the application of a suggestion "engaging in interoception and imagination" (EII) resulting from our modeling, it has been possible to increase, largely above the results obtained in the literature, the hypnotisability of subjects not specifically selected for their hypnotic skills, without training or prior hypnotic induction.Finally, in a last experiment, we wanted to apply our modeling to a more complex hypnotic phenomenon involving an uncontrollable automatic process: the Stroop effect cancellation. Our EII suggestion makes it possible to reduce the Stroop effect on unselected subjects, but does not seem efficient enough to produce powerful visual hallucinations having such a massive effect as that obtained with High Hypnotisable subjects.The implications of our work are discussed in conclusion
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Chung, Cheuk-fai Bell. "The use of forensic hypnosis in criminal investigation." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31979300.
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鍾灼輝 and Cheuk-fai Bell Chung. "The use of forensic hypnosis in criminal investigation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31979300.
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Brown, Richard James. "An integrative cognitive theory of suggestion and hypnosis." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318006/.
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On the basis of a critical review of the literature in chapter one, it is concluded that no existing theory of hypnosis is able to provide a satisfactory account of the entire set of behavioural, cognitive, social and physiological evidence pertaining to the phenomenon. In an attempt to rectify this situation, an integrative conceptual framework amalgamating existing theories of hypnosis into a single model on the basis of contemporary cognitive psychological theory is presented in chapters two and three. According to the model, successfully executed suggestions result from the automatic activation of perceptual and behavioural representations following the receipt of triggers by low level attentional systems. By this view, the process involved in hypnotic and non-hypnotic suggestions are essentially the same; however, it is argued that contextual features and state changes associated with the hypnotic situation are responsible for the increased responsivity to suggestions typically displayed therein. In the following chapters, four studies designed to assess predictions from the model are described. In the first two, the related predictions that suggestibility is positively related to a low level processing predisposition and negatively related to a high level processing predisposition were assessed. Both studies provided support for the first hypothesis although no evidence for the second hypothesis was obtained. the third and fourth studies examined the related hypotheses that hypnosis is associated with (i) a low level processing bias; and (ii) a high level processing inhibition. Neither hypothesis received any significant empirical support. In the final chapter, the results of these studies are discussed with reference to the theoretical framework outlined in the introductory chapters. It is concluded that the model provides a fairly good account of suggestion, although certain revisions are required before an adequate account of hypnosis can be offered. Avenues for future research are explored.
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Lush, Peter J. I. "The sense of agency in hypnosis and meditation." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/73686/.
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The sense of agency is the experience of being the initiator of our intentional actions and their outcomes. According to higher order thought theory, a representation becomes conscious when there is a higher order state about it. Thus conscious experience, including that of intentions, is metacognitive. The experience of involuntariness characteristic of hypnotic responding may be attributable to the formation and maintenance of inaccurate metacognitive higher order states of intending. Conversely, the practice of Buddhist mindfulness meditation may develop accurate metacognition, including higher order states of intending. Highly hypnotisable people and mindfulness meditators may therefore occupy two ends of a spectrum of metacognitive ability with regard to unconscious intentions. The presented research investigated predicted trait differences in cognitive tasks which directly or indirectly reflect metacognition of intentions: the timing of an experience of an intention to move and the compressed time interval between a voluntary action and its outcome, known as intentional binding. As an implicit measure of sense of agency, intentional binding was also employed to investigate the veridicality of reports of the experience of involuntariness in hypnotic responding. Additionally, while hypnosis presents a unique opportunity to investigate reliable changes in agentic experience, existing hypnosis screening instruments are time consuming and present a barrier to wider adoption of hypnosis as an instrument for studying consciousness. Here a revised, time-efficient hypnosis screening procedure (the SWASH) is presented. Consistent with predictions, highly hypnotisable groups reported later awareness of motor intentions than less hypnotisable groups and meditators earlier awareness than non-meditators. In an intentional binding task, high hypnotisables showed less binding of an action-outcome toward an action (outcome binding) than low hypnotisables and meditators more outcome binding than non-meditators. Outcome binding was reduced in post-hypnotic involuntary action compared to voluntary action. It is proposed that intentional binding is driven by a cue combination mechanism and that these differences reflect varying precision of motor intention related information in reported timing judgements. The SWASH was found to be a reliable hypnosis screening instrument.
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Moene, Francina Cornelia. "Hypnosis and conversion disorder : assessment and treatment issues /." Zeist : Cure & care, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38827000z.
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Robertson, Rachel Elizabeth. "Hypnosis for pain live versus audio recorded inductions /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2009/r_robertson_090909.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, December 2009.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Dec. 9, 2009). "Department of Educational Leadership and Counseling Psychology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-86).
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Stroud, Cynthia. "Stage Hypnosis in the Shadow of Svengali: Historical Influences, Public Perceptions, and Contemporary Practices." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1363090445.
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Farvolden, Peter G. "Hypnosis and memory, effort, dissociation, and frontal executive functioning." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq38238.pdf.
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Ekman, Andreas. "Hypnosis monitoring during general anaesthesia : with focus on awareness /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-381-8/.
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Carruthers, Helen Ruth. "Hypnosis for irritable bowel syndrome : colours, images and outcome." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489532.
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Background: Hypnotherapy improves the symptoms of approximately two thirds of IBS sufferers but is very expensive to provide. Therefore, a way of predicting those most likely to respond could lead to the more efficient use of this form of treatment.
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Barker, Jamie B. "Using hypnosis to enhance self-efficacy in sport performers." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489978.
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Schneider, Judy W. "Hypnosis as an effective adjunct treatment of female obesity." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2004. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3186.
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This study examines the problem of female obesity in the United States. A woman who has a Body Mass Index of 30 or above is considered to be obese and this applies to over 50 percent of American women. Both physical and psychological consequences of obesity were considered.
The study also examines current treatments available for the treatment of obesity and looks at the possibility that hypnosis may be an effective adjunct treatment.
The study was based on the premise that hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness in which certain normal human capabilities are heightened while others fell into the background. It is a state of relaxation during which subjects are able to experience an elevated ability to focus and concentrate. Cognitive and behavioral weight loss ideas may be suggested to the subject while in a state of hypnosis and this may facilitate the ability to follow the suggestions.
Subjects were divided into two groups. One group heard only weight loss suggestions, the other group heard the suggestions while hypnotized. The amount or weight lost by each group was computed and the mean number of pounds lost was derived. A t test was used to analyze the data.
The researcher found that the hypnotized group lost significantly more weight than the control group. The conclusion drawn from the findings suggest that hypnosis may be an effective adjunct in the treatment of female obesity.
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Wiley, Stephen K. (Stephen Kenneth). "Forensic Hypnosis and Memory Enhancement: Recall, Recognition, and Confidence." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331238/.
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The recent finding of memory enhancement using either cognitive mnemonic or standard hypnotic interviews (Geiselman et al., 1985) suggests the possibility of additive forensic utility when these methods are combined. The present crime-analogue study compared waking and hypnotic cognitive
mnemonics to investigate this and potential problems previously unaddressed. Recall and recognition accuracy and confidence were measured for low and high density stimuli in a videotaped murder, including central, peripheral, and facial detail. The effect of misleading information given after stimulus presentation was also examined.
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Ritt, Jerome Simon Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Hypnosis, hypermnesia and memory distortion in long term memory." Ottawa, 1996.
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Demosthenous, Hellene Theoti. "On the Organisation of Turn-Taking for Deep Hypnosis." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366484.
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Research indicates that professionals have been unable to agree on what hypnosis is, and on how it should be studied. In an effort to solve this problem, some researchers have called for the investigation of the interaction between the parties (i.e., the hypnotist and the subject). Others have constructively cautioned that further research with highly accomplished hypnotic subjects is essential. However, to date no studies have examined actual talk-in-interaction during deep hypnosis – that is, between the hypnotist and the highly accomplished hypnotic subject. Drawing on conversation analysis (CA), this study examines talk-in-interaction during deep hypnosis. This examination focuses on the ways in which the participants organise taking turns to talk, while the client remains deeply hypnotised.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Education and Professional Studies
Arts, Education and Law
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Cornick, Courtney Racquel. "Effectiveness of hypnosis interventions in a spine rehabilitation program." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1443.
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Chronic back pain has a profound impact on an individual and society. Over the past two decades individuals have become increasingly interested in Complimentary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) as a treatment for medical conditions. One of the most common uses of CAM is to treat back pain. There are a variety of CAM interventions to treat pain, and clinical hypnosis is one treatment that serves to help individuals to better manage their symptoms of chronic pain. In many cases, clinical hypnosis is used as an adjunct to treatment rather than a treatment alternative. Additionally, clinical hypnosis is included as part of relaxation treatments within chronic pain rehabilitation programs across the country. There remains a lack of information on hypnosis as a treatment for chronic back pain within chronic pain rehabilitation programs. The present study assessed pain intensity, disability, and quality of life for individuals who received hypnosis and those who did not in a chronic pain rehabilitation program. Descriptive data were presented for all participants and between groups and within group comparisons were made. Results of this study showed that prior to treatment, pain caused severe disability, was discomforting or distressing, and caused moderate to severe mental and physical impact. When patients returned 6-12 weeks later, all patients reported a decrease in disability and pain and an increase in physical and mental health quality of life. Groups did not vary significantly on measures of pain intensity, disability, and health status.
Results of this study suggest that more research should be done on the usefulness of various treatments within interdisciplinary chronic pain rehabilitation programs. Additionally, more research will allow clinicians to gain a better understanding of thetypes of interventions utilized within psychological portions of chronic pain rehabilitation.
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Hung, Lynette Faye Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "An analysis of hypnotic reading disruptions." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Psychology, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/42613.
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This thesis investigated hypnotic reading disruptions to identify parameters of hypnosis that may influence reading and to inform the broader issue of whether hypnotic suggestions impact phenomenal experience versus perceptual-cognitive processing. Chapter 1 reviews the relevant literature and identifies core issues addressed by this program. Chapter 2 presents two experiments and two case studies, which focused on establishing a paradigm for investigating hypnotic reading disruptions; in particular, modulation of the Stroop effect. Findings indicated that disruptions of reading experience and/or reading processing may be influenced by the complexity of the suggestion and the natural response strategies of individuals. Chapter 3 presents two experiments that examined the influence of test time and test demands, and explored the experiential factors underlying response to different suggestions. Findings indicated that both hypnotic and posthypnotic suggestions produced disruptions of reading experience but not reading processing. Also, individuals?? experiences and cognitive strategies varied depending on the suggestion they received. Chapter 4 presents two experiments that compared the impact of three suggestions on reading experience and reading processing. Findings indicated that highs were more likely to achieve disruptions of reading experience in response to a suggestion compatible with their natural strategies. Notably, some highs altered their reading processing and hypnotically modulated Stroop interference. Other highs and lows modified their reading processing, but independent of hypnosis, hypnotisability and a suggestion. Chapter 5 presents one experiment that examined the time course of hypnotic reading disruptions and the influence of test context. Findings indicated that highs could maintain disruptions of reading experience over time. They also modified their reading processing independent of hypnosis and a suggestion. Chapter 6 presents one experiment that examined implicit perception, and the impact of hypnosis and hypnotisability. Findings indicated that highs were influenced by information from reading processing despite their experiences of disrupted reading. Chapter 7 interprets the findings of this program within a proposed model of hypnotic disruptions of reading and Stroop performance. This model differentiates between the mechanisms that may underlie reading experiences, the mechanisms that may underlie reading processing and their interaction, and highlights the value of hypnotic models of cognitive processes.
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Potter, Catherine. "Investigating hypnosis for the alleviation of dental anxiety : does the addition of hypnosis to inhalation sedation reduce dental anxiety more than inhalation sedation alone?" Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-hypnosis-for-the-alleviation-of-dental-anxietydoes-the-addition-of-hypnosis-to-inhalation-sedation-reduce-dental-anxiety-more-than-inhalation-sedation-alone(a48a3842-180e-48a8-951a-aa385cc9fb94).html.
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Chapter 1 reviews the literature. It gives a historical overview of hypnosis. It reviews the literature on dental anxiety, including its prevalence and aetiology. It reviews behavioural and cognitive behavioural treatments of dental fear. Inhalation sedation its mechanism of action, effectiveness and draw-backs are discussed. The literature on hypnosis is selectively reviewed, its use in anxiety and dentistry and lastly, the combination of sedation techniques, particularly IHS, is discussed. It is concluded that evidence for the use of hypnosis for the alleviation of dental anxiety needs to be critically addressed. Chapter 2 presents the published protocol of a Cochrane systematic review followed by qualitative results of this review. 11 studies of generally poor quality were included in the review which concludes that there are significant problems with the evidence due to methodological issues, the different outcome measures used and the generally high or unclear risks of bias. There is some evidence that hypnosis may help patients who have a normal range of dental anxiety but who are undergoing a stressful dental procedure. Studies of phobic patients were characterised by high levels of drop-out behaviour and hypnosis could not be shown to be superior to other forms of behavioural treatment. Chapter 3 describes two studies which aimed to develop a Mood Induction Procedure to induce temporary dental anxiety in volunteers. This was used in two later studies. A non-clinical sample was used as a ‘proof of concept’ study was desirable. Study 1tested excerpts of a film, producing only a medium rise in anxiety (ES r = .49). The second study used a shorter, more concentrated film. This produced a large increase in anxiety (ES r=.86). Heart rate was investigated as a possible physiological measure of anxiety, but was not found useful. Chapter 4 describes two randomised controlled studies aiming to investigate whether hypnosis combined with IHS would reduce the anxiety produced by the film more than a control procedure in which IHS was combined with the reading of a story. These studies suggested there may be some effects attributable to hypnosis, but conclusive benefit was not demonstrated. Chapter 5 presents discussion and the overall conclusions of the thesis. Conclusions include the need for further well designed large scale trials involving hypnosis.
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Northcott, Paul. "The image of hypnosis : strange beliefs, strange contexts, familiar behaviours." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387943.
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Goran, Debra Kay. "The effects of hypnosis and hypnotizability testing on chronic pain." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1055777572.
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Crocker, Steven M. "Hypnosis as an adjunct in the treatment of alcohol relapse." Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2004/S%5FCrocker%5F122904.pdf.
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Swope, Joseph. "Self-Hypnosis and Volitional Control of Finger Temperature Among Adults." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1051.
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Raynaud's disease is a condition in which circulation to the hands becomes restricted, causing an uncomfortable sense of cold and occasionally injury. The cause of Raynaud's disease is unknown. Earlier studies have shown that hetero-hypnosis is effective in the treatment of Raynaud's disease. Cost and access to providers limit such a treatment's availability. Theories of hypnosis suggest that self-hypnosis underlies all hypnotic processes. This study examined the utility of self-hypnosis and focused attention on the volitional control of hand temperature. Forty-three adult participants ranging in age from 19 to 77 years with no hypnosis experience were randomly divided into 2 groups; 20 completed the study. Eleven participants listened to a self-hypnosis recording and 9 listened to a mostly blank recording containing periodic instructions to concentrate on controlling finger temperature. A paired samples t test showed a significant difference in means between pre- and post-treatment ability. A second t test did not show a significant difference in means between the groups' ability. Analysis of survey data did not show a significant relationship between participant demographic data and ability to control finger temperature. However, analysis of participant survey responses did show that self-hypnosis was significantly more enjoyable than conscious concentration, which suggests that self-hypnosis has greater potential for adoption if used in the treatment of Raynaud's disease. Because self-hypnosis was found to be enjoyable and effective it may be superior to other treatments that are unpleasant or have pharmacological side effects. These findings will inform sufferers of Raynaud's disease and researchers in their efforts to treat the disease. The positive social change implications of this study are to expand treatment options for a disease that affects 4% of the world's population.
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Brunel, Jérémy. "Influence de la suggestion hypnotique sur les processus émotionnels : étude expérimentale du biais attentionnel et des processus d'activation et d'inhibition lexico-émotionnels." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BORD0435.
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L’utilisation de la suggestion hypnotique présente un intérêt considérable pour l’étude des processus cognitifs et de leurs modulations. Depuis plusieurs décennies, un nombre croissant d’études a mis en évidence que des suggestions verbales directes, induites chez des personnes hautement suggestibles, peuvent conduire à des modifications drastiques, transitoires et authentiques de l’expérience consciente et de la cognition. Si ces influences ont été établies pour divers processus, l’impact de la suggestion hypnotique reste cependant à étayer pour les processus cognitifs liés au traitement émotionnel. L’objectif de cette thèse était de caractériser l’influence de la suggestion hypnotique sur les processus émotionnels, en étudiant la modulation du biais attentionnel et des processus d’activation et d’inhibition lexico-émotionnels. Plus précisément, nos travaux visaient à déterminer (1) dans quelle mesure la suggestion hypnotique peut intervenir de façon opposée sur les processus émotionnels, (2) quelle composante hypnotique sous-tend ces modulations, (3) comment les effets de dimensions émotionnelles sont affectés par les suggestions verbales et (4) dans quelle mesure la suggestion hypnotique facilite l’inhibition de réponses prépotentes lors du traitement de stimuli émotionnels. Dans cette perspective, nous avons combiné des suggestions hypnotiques visant à augmenter ou diminuer la réactivité émotionnelle, avec des tâches cognitives utilisant des mots émotionnels. Nous avons ainsi réalisé quatre études expérimentales avec des suggestions, combinées à des tâches de Stroop émotionnel (Etudes 1 et 3), de décision lexicale (Etude 4) et de complétion de phrases (Etude 6), accompagnées par la validation d’une échelle de suggestibilité (Etude 2) utilisée pour le recrutement de participants, et par un corpus de phrases (Etude 5) pour la construction d’un matériel expérimental (Etude 6). Les données ont mis en évidence que la suggestion hypnotique (Etudes 1 et 3), ainsi que l’induction hypnotique par relaxation (Etude 3), conduisent à des modulations effectives du biais attentionnel dans la tâche de Stroop émotionnel. En outre, nous avons montré que la suggestion hypnotique peut spécifiquement influencer l’effet de la dimension d’arousal des mots émotionnels présentés dans la tâche de décision lexicale (Etude 4), et faciliter l’inhibition de mots émotionnels dans la tâche de Hayling émotionnelle (Etude 6). Dans l’ensemble, les résultats permettent de préciser l’influence de la suggestion hypnotique sur les processus émotionnels dans des tâches cognitives utilisant des mots émotionnels. Ils suggèrent que le mode de modulation de l’hypnose est pluriel, pouvant influencer les processus émotionnels de façon opposée, agir sur l’effet de dimensions émotionnelles spécifiques, et impliquer plusieurs composantes de la procédure d’hypnose. Nous proposons des pistes d’approfondissement pouvant conduire à une nouvelle compréhension de l’interaction entre hypnose et émotions, et à des perspectives d’application clinique dans le domaine de la régulation émotionnelleThe use of hypnotic suggestion is of considerable interest for the study of cognitive processes and their modulations. Over the last few decades, a growing number of studies have demonstrated that direct verbal suggestions, induced in highly suggestible individuals, can lead to drastic, transient and authentic changes in conscious experience and cognition. While these influences have been established for various processes, the impact of hypnotic suggestion has yet to be determined for cognitive processes linked to emotional processing. The aim of this thesis was to characterise the influence of hypnotic suggestion on emotional processes, by studying the modulation of attentional bias and lexico-emotional activation and inhibition processes. More specifically, our work aimed to determine (1) to what extent hypnotic suggestion can intervene in opposing ways on emotional processes, (2) which hypnotic component underlies these modulations, (3) how the effects of emotional dimensions are affected by hypnotic suggestion (4) how hypnotic suggestion can facilitate the inhibition of prepotent responses when processing emotional stimuli. To this end, we combined hypnotic suggestions aimed at increasing or decreasing emotional reactivity with cognitive tasks using emotional words. We carried out four experimental studies using suggestions, combined with emotional Stroop (Studies 1 and 3), lexical decision (Study 4) and sentence completion (Study 6) tasks, accompanied by the validation of a suggestibility scale (Study 2) used to recruit participants, and a corpus of sentences (Study 5) used to construct experimental materials (Study 6). The data highlighted that hypnotic suggestion (Studies 1 and 3), as well as hypnotic induction by relaxation (Study 3), lead to effective modulations of attentional bias in the emotional Stroop task. Furthermore, we have shown that hypnotic suggestion can specifically influence the effect of the arousal dimension of emotional words presented in the lexical decision task (Study 4), and facilitate the inhibition of emotional words in the emotional Hayling task (Study 6). Overall, the results help to clarify the influence of hypnotic suggestion on emotional processes in cognitive tasks using emotional words. They suggest that the modulation mode of hypnosis is plural, being able to influence emotional processes in opposite ways, act on the effect of specific emotional dimensions, and involve several components of the hypnotic procedure. We propose avenues for further research that could lead to a new understanding of the interaction between hypnosis and emotions, and to prospects for clinical application in the field of emotional regulation
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Solberg, Carole. "A case study of the use of hypnosis for school refusal." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28296.
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The intent of this research is to demonstrate the effectiveness of hypnosis as a treatment for school refusal. The research design is a single-case study employing an A-B Follow-up format. The 10 year old male subject completed measures of personality (The Children's Personality Questionnaire), self-concept (The Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale), identified stressors, and anxiety. The baseline period was two weeks and therapy lasted four weeks. Follow-up data was collected on the same measures ten months later. All post-therapy results indicate change in a more adaptive direction. The subject showed increased self-concept, lessened anxiety, greater ability to cope and he returned to school with little or no of the previous psychosomatic complaints evident. The follow-up results show that the subject has maintained his gains. Hypnosis is seen as an effective, fast method of treatment for school refusal, a syndrome which needs to be dealt with quickly since consequences can be severe for the child.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Semmens-Wheeler, Rebecca. "The contrasting role of higher order awareness in hypnosis and meditation." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/45311/.
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Two key questions underpin the research presented here. Firstly, how does altered higher order awareness contribute to hypnotic experience? Secondly, how do meditation and hypnosis differ in terms of the role of higher order awareness? These questions are addressed here in the form of four papers. In the first paper I review the literatures of hypnosis and meditation in order to consider the similarities and differences between meditation and hypnosis in terms of the role of attentional skill and the neural underpinnings of each. I then draw conclusions regarding the contrasting role of higher order awareness and metacognition in meditation and hypnosis. Paper two explores higher order awareness in hypnosis by comparing the effects of alcohol, compared to placebo, on hypnotisability and associated frontal lobe executive functioning. Paper three compares meditation and hypnosis by investigating differences in higher order thoughts, mindfulness, absorption and perceptual encoding style as revealed by self-report measures. The final paper takes a broader look at higher order awareness and its relation to the experience of agency and involuntariness in hypnotic suggestion using a Libet type paradigm.
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Håkansson, Jennie, and Lisa Södergren. "Uppfattningar och upplevelser av hypnoterapi mot tandvårdsrädsla." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-14039.
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Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka uppfattningar av hypnoterapins effekter och upplevelser av hypnoterapi som behandling av tandvårdsrädsla på tandvårdskliniker. Material och metod: Materialet inhämtades genom intervjuer med sex informanter som arbetade med hypnoterapi som behandling mot tandvårdsrädsla på tandvårdskliniker i Sverige. Intervjuerna har genomförts med användning av en intervjuguide och varade i ca 20 – 35 minuter. Metoden var kvalitativ och data analyserades med innehållsanalys. Resultat: I studiens resultat framträdde ett huvudtema: Förebyggande behandlingsmetod. Resultatet visade att informanterna uppfattade hypnoterapins effekter som goda och de upplevde hypnoterapi som effektiv vid behandling av tandvårdsrädsla. Informanterna var eniga om att behandling med hypnoterapi ska användas på tandvårdsklinikerna och utföras av tandläkare eller tandhygienist. Många av informanterna upplevde att kollegorna hade svårt att acceptera hypnoterapi som metod. Slutsats: Uppfattningar och upplevelser av hypnoterapi som behandling och dess effekt är överlag positiv med vissa svårigheter angående kollegornas attityder gentemot metoden. Mer forskning behövs för en bredare acceptans och förståelse av hypnoterapi som behandlingsmetod.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions of hypnotherapy’s effects and experiences of hypnotherapy as a treatment of dental fear in dental clinics. Material and Methods: The material was obtained through interviews with six informants working with hypnotherapy as a treatment for dental fear in dental clinics in Sweden. The interviews were conducted using an interview guide and lasted 20 - 35 minutes. The method was qualitative and the interviews were analyzed through a qualitative content analysis. Results: In the results a main theme appeared: Preventive treatment. The results showed that the informants perceived hypnotherapy’s effects as good and they experienced hypnotherapy as effective in the treatment of dental fear. The informants agreed that hypnotherapy should be used in dental clinics and performed by a dentist or dental hygienist. Many of the informants felt that their colleagues had difficulties accepting hypnotherapy as a method. Conclusion: Perceptions and experiences of hypnotherapy as a treatment and its effect are generally positive with some exceptions regarding their colleagues attitudes towards the method. More research is needed to bring a wider acceptance and understanding of hypnotherapy as a treatment method.
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Wood, Nicola Kay. "Tailored hypnosis treatment for primary nocturnal enuresis in children and young people." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/37947.
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Section A examines the association between nocturnal enuresis (NE) and Quality of Life (QoL) in children and young people. This paper systematically reviews the research literature in this area considering relationships between NE and QoL across demographic variables such as gender and age. Future research avenues and implications for clinical practise are discussed. Section B reports on a tailored hypnosis treatment for children and young people with NE. This used a prospective case series with multiple-case AB design with follow-up, and tested the hypothesis that this approach would increase number of dry nights. Changes in child and parent psychosocial variables were also examined. Results indicated that participants improved in nighttime dryness as predicted, and that improvements were sustained at follow up. Self-reported continence specific QoL showed improvement approaching significance from baseline to follow up. Mixed Results were found as to changes in other psychosocial variables as a result of treatment. Limitations of the research and its implications are discussed. Section C is a critical appraisal of the research process as a whole, covering issues such as choice of research and how this developed through clinical practice, training and previous research experiences. It explores issues across the research process at individual, team, systems and organisational levels. It provides a critique of the design and methodology, as well a reflection on personal and professional development. Section D reports on the results of a local questionnaire based service evaluation examining young people’s views of their paediatric diabetes clinics; including examples of good practice valued by young people. It also reports young people’s opinions and ideas about possible future service provision. It makes clear recommendations as to the ways forward in service user led service development.
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Malafronte, Marialuisa. "Hypnosis versus Anesthesia: a study with children undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging procedures." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672443.
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Fons: Malgrat l'eficàcia reconeguda de la hipnosi en el camp de l'anestèsia, s'han publicat pocs estudis sobre el seu ús en l’entorn pediatric de la Imatge per Ressonància Magnètica (IRM). Aquesta mancança es pot explicar per les dificultats d’aquesta aplicació, com per exemple pel soroll ambiental o la necessitat d'adaptar el procediment segons l’edat dels nens. Les possibles complicacions derivades de l'ús d'anestèsics durant el IRM i la seva difícil gestió fora de la sala d'operacions, justifiquen la nostra atenció en una tècnica alternativa que podria evitar l’anestèsia dels nens.
Objectius: dissenyar un protocol d'hipnosi d'acord amb l'enfocament ericksonià i establir un estudi d'observació prospectiva per comprovar la seva viabilitat en una població pediàtrica sotmesa als IRM. A més voliem veure la seva eficàcia en l’ansietat, el dolor, el consum de drogues, i el risc anestesiològic.
Procediment: Comparem dos grups, un amb anestèsia (50 pacients) i l’altre amb hipnosi (58 pacients). En total van participar 108 nens a l’estudi, donat el consentiment dels pares. L'anàlisi estadístic va incloure les següents proves: Fisher, U- Mann-Whitney per a variables contínues, Wilcoxon i l’Oportunitat relativa.Introducción: A pesar de la reconocida eficacia de la hipnosis en el campo de la anestesia, pocos estudios han sido publicados en el empleo de la Resonancia magnética (RM) en el ámbito pediátrico. Este hecho puede justificarse por una serie de dificultades concretas, como el ambiente ruidoso y la necesidad de adaptar este proceso según las diferentes edades. Las potenciales complicaciones relacionadas al uso de anestésicos durante la realización de la RM, cuyo manejo puede resultar difícil fuera del ambiente seguro del quirófano, justifica nuestra focalización en la necesidad de una técnica alternativa a fin de evitar la anestesia. Objetivos: Diseñar un nuevo protocolo de hipnosis acorde al enfoque Ericksonian y establecer un estudio observacional prospectivo con el fin de comprobar su viabilidad y eficacia sobre la ansiedad, dolor, consumo de fármacos y riesgo anestesiológico en la población pediátrica sometida a procedimientos de RM. Procedimientos: Hemos comparado dos grupos de niños, grupo sometido a anestesia (n=50) o sometido a hipnosis (n=58). Tras obtener el consentimiento informado de los padres un total de 108 sujetos fueron seleccionados
Background: Despite the recognized efficacy of hypnosis in anesthesia, few studies have been published in the pediatric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) setting. This can be explained by possible specific difficulties, such as the environmental noise and the need for tailoring the procedure according to different ages. The potential complications related to the use of anesthetics during MRI procedures, whose management can be difficult outside the operating room's safer environment, justified our focus on the need for an alternative technique to avoid anesthesia. Objectives: to design a new hypnosis protocol according to the Ericksonian approach and to set up a prospective observational study to check its feasibility and efficacy on anxiety, pain, drug consumption, and anesthesiological risk in a pediatric population undergoing MRI. Procedure: We compared two groups of children who received anesthesia (n=50) or hypnosis (n=58). After obtaining informed consent by parents, a total of 108 subjects were recruited. Statistical analysis included the Fisher's exact test and the U- Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables and the Wilcoxon test and Odds ratio.