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1
Pryvalova, A. O. "Amlodipine in patients with arterial hypertension and hypertensive nephropathy." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/27535.
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Scientific supervisor: Y.O. AtamanIt is well known that prolonged increasing of blood pressure accompanied by the affection of many internal organs, particularly kidneys. Hypertensive nephropathy is one of the major cause of renal failure, and most danger complication of pathology of kidneys. Given the high prevalence of hypertension, it remains on the study of medicinal products, the impact of which on the one hand allows providing control blood pressure and on the other - slowing down the progression to its complications, including hypertensive nephropathy. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/27535
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Hanson, Matthew G. "The effect of lentils (Lens culinaris) on hypertension and hypertension–associated vascular remodeling in the spontaneously hypertensive rat." Cambridge University Press, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/22140.
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Consumption of pulse crops has been linked to improvements in blood vessel function, but which pulse variety/type is better and how they work remains unknown. Two distinct studies were conducted to address these questions.
In study 1, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were fed control diet, or diets containing 30% (w/w) beans, peas, lentils, chickpeas, or mixed pulses. Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were fed the control diet. The lentil–containing diet significantly attenuated the rise in BP (+8 and +31 mmHg, vs. control) and reduced large artery remodeling compared to control. In study 2, SHR were fed control, mixed lentil, green lentil, or red lentil diets for 8 weeks. WKY were fed control or mixed lentil diets. Green lentils decreased arterial remodeling and improved arterial compliance in the SHR.
A diet high in green lentils could be a valuable adjunct to allopathic medicine to mitigate effects of hypertension on the vasculature.October 2013
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Holt, Jim. "Hypertension." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6510.
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Kalra, Lalit. "The effects of hypertension and hypertensive treatment on psychomotor performance." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1991. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-effects-of-hypertension-and-hypertensive-treatment-on-psychomotor-performance(724a49ad-9e80-4a77-9a76-357cd0f6e277).html.
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GUILLEMINOT, ROBERT. "Hypertension arterielle pulmonaire primitive et hypertension portale." Reims, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REIMM039.
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Muda, Piibe. "Homocysteine and hypertension: associations between homocysteine and essential hypertension in treated and untreated hypertensive patients withand without coronary artery disease /." Online version, 2005. http://dspace.utlib.ee/dspace/bitstream/10062/692/5/muda.pdf.
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Verma, Subodh. "Mechanisms of hypertension in hyperinsulinemic and insulin resistant fructose hypertensive rats." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25180.pdf.
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Holt, Jim, and Gregg Mitchell. "Hypertension SAM." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6464.
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Aremu, Olukayode Olasunkanmi. "The Anti-hypertensive Properties of T. officinale on L-Name-induced Hypertensive Rats." Thesis, Walter Sisulu University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1045.
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Medicinal plants have long been used in folkloric medicine in various parts of the world. Presence of phenolic compounds has been attributed to their medicinal properties. Despite various medicinal uses, scientific claims of anti-hypertensive activities are still deficient. Therefore, hydroethanolic (70% ethanol) extracts of the leaf and root parts of T. officinale (TOL and TOR respectively) were investigated for anti-hypertensive antioxidant, diuretic activities, and effects on lipid profile in L-Name-induced hypertensive Wistar rats. Phytochemical screening of TOL and TOR was assessed by known standardized method. Acute toxicity profile of the plant was also evaluated by Lorke’s method. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were assessed using Folin Ciocalteau and Aluminium chloride colorimetric methods; while, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2’–azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS)and ferric antioxidant reducing power (FRAP) protocols were used for their radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacities respectively. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were used for acute antihypertensive study while for the 21 days antihypertensive study, hypertension was induced by administering L-Name (40 mg/kg) for 4 weeks and, CODA 8 Non-invasive tail cuff machine was used to measure blood pressure. With the aid of a semi-auto chemistry analyzer, lipid profile of Taraxacum officinale (TO) was determined using Biosinol reagents. TOL and TOR also significantly reduced systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures up until 4 hours with the leaf part most active in single dose study using SHR model. TOL and TOR also significantly lowered systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures with the leaf part most active in 21 days study using and L-Name-induced HTN models. However, these plant extracts did not have a diuretic effect, but seems to exert its antihypertensive effects by modulating NO production and possibly bioavailability, by acting via an endothelium-dependent pathway. This study validates the traditional use of the leaf part of the plant as an antihypertensive agent.
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Lowry, Austin William. "Calcium and hypertension." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9866.
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Ball, Alexandra K. "Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/757/.
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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is common in obese women and can lead to significant visual impairment. The cause of IIH is unknown and management controversial, due to the lack of prospective trials. This thesis provides a comprehensive review of the aetiology and management of IIH. The hypothesis that IIH is associated with a pro-inflammatory cytokine profile, suggested by its established association with female gender and obesity, was tested. Laboratory studies demonstrated the novel finding of elevated leptin in the cerebrospinal fluid from women with IIH, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of IIH. The first randomised controlled trial in IIH is then reported. Treatment with acetazolamide was examined prospectively in 50 patients, providing seminal information to guide the design of future large-scale trials and data on the natural history of the condition. The observation that management of IIH is guided by a variety of clinical parameters was translated into a simple composite scoring system which was prospectively tested. Visual fields and optic disc appearance are shown to have the greatest influence on clinical outcome. Finally, a systematic study of the evaluation of papilloedema in IIH highlights the major limitations of the widely adopted Frisen staging scheme in the condition.
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Uzan, Véronique. "Hypertension et grossesse." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P118.
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VOILLET, ROBET CATHERINE. "Hypertension arterielle ethanodependante." Angers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ANGE1018.
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Yermolenko, T. "Isolated systolic hypertension." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/46297.
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The problem of high blood pressure is relevant today, despite the progress achieved in diagnosis and treatment of this disease. The number of hypertensive patients are growing every year. In medical practice we often meet hypertensive patients, which have only elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) more than 140 mmHg. If the SBP is elevated (>140) with a normal (<90) diastolic blood pressure (DBP), it is called isolated systolic hypertension (ISH). ISH can be represented as a variant of primary hypertension, it is usually seen in the old people, or it may carry a secondary character (secondary isolated systolic hypertension), being a manifestation of different pathological states.
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Clarke, Emma M. "Microalbuminceria and hypertension." Thesis, Aston University, 1990. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12578/.
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Proietti, Riccardo. "Pulmonary arterial hypertension." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425506.
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Dickhout, Jeffrey G. "A structural basis for the genesis of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0023/NQ50988.pdf.
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Johnson, Michelle D. "Genetic analysis of hypertension and expression quantitative traits in the spontaneously hypertensive rat." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508322.
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Trusiak, Marlène. "Hypertension Awareness and Health Care Access/Use in Black Women with Hypertension." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4821.
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Black women in the United States have a high prevalence of hypertension and suffer the most complications of cardiovascular disease. Black women, though aware of the dangers associated with hypertension, have limited opportunity to access health care and or change their lifestyles. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to test if there was a significant difference in hypertension awareness, health care access/use, and lifestyle modifications in Black women prior to and post implementation of The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as compared to women of other races. The behavior modification theory guided this study. Secondary data from the National Health Interview Survey for the years 2009 to 2013 for women ages 20 - 65 were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. According to the study results, there was no association (p values > 0.05) among variables age, education, income, length of employment, and hypertension awareness, health care access/use, and life style modification among Black women in the United States, as compared to women of other races. The findings from this study may allow researchers and policy makers to develop more culturally significant health services for Black women. These findings could create positive social change by targeting programs that promote hypertension awareness leading to effective lifestyle changes in Black women.
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Rodrigues, Brian Baltzar. "Hypertension and diabetic cardiomyopathy." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24906.
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The isolated perfused working heart was used to study hypertensive-
diabetes induced alterations in cardiac function at 6 and 12 weeks after the induction of diabetes. There was no difference in cardiac function between normotensive Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) diabetic rats at 6 weeks after diabetes induction. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were also included as normotensive controls in our 12-week study. Successful induction of diabetes was confirmed by the presence of hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, glycosuria and increased haemoglobin glycosylation in all three diabetic groups. However, quantitation of various parameters of heart function revealed highly significant differences between SHR diabetic animals and all other groups, associated with an increased mortality. Serum lipids were elevated in SHR and Wistar and unaffected in WKY diabetic rats. Furthermore, thyroid hormone levels were not depressed in WKY diabetic rats and could explain the lack of cardiac dysfunction in these animals. The data provide further evidence that the combination of hypertension and diabetes mellitus produces greater myocardial dysfunction than is seen with either disease alone and is associated with a significant mortality.
The effects of hydralazine on blood lipids, systolic pressure and cardiac performance were assessed in male Wistar rats, 6 weeks after they were made diabetic with streptozotocin (STZ). When hydralazine was administered for a 6-week period to the diabetic rats, their blood lipids were not significantly different from that of non-diabetic rats despite a low serum insulin. In contrast, blood lipids were elevated in the diabetic rats that were not treated with hydralazine; these animals also had low insulin levels. Cardiac performance was depressed in the untreated diabetic animals, but the cardiac performance of the hydralazine-treated diabetic animals showed a definite improvement which could be partly explained by their normal thyroid status in contrast to the untreated diabetic animals which were slightly hypothyroid. Blood pressure was elevated only in the untreated diabetic animals. Thus hydralazine
controlled the high serum lipids and blood pressure and improved cardiac performance in STZ diabetic rats.
To examine the influence of sex differences in the STZ model of diabetes, we studied left ventricular function in hearts from 6 week male and female rats. Significantly lower values for +dP/dt occurred in male diabetic rats compared with their own controls or female diabetics at most left atrial filling pressures. Decreases in this value for female diabetic rats compared to their own controls occurred only at high left atrial pressures. It appears that diabetes mellitus produces greater myocardial dysfunction in male diabetic rats.Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of
Graduate
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Stewart, Andrew David. "Arterial stiffness in hypertension." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419962.
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Al-Halaiqa, Fadwa. "Adherence therapy for hypertension." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2012. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/69142/.
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Background: Poor adherence to drug regimens is a major cause of uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) in people with hypertension. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of adherence therapy (AT) compared to treatment as usual (TAU) in reducing BP in non-adherent hypertensive patients. Additionally, a qualitative study was conducted to understand and explore patient's experience of AT. Design: A single blind parallel group RCT was conducted between August 2009 and January 2010, in outpatient clinics in Jordan. Patients were assessed at baseline and at 11 weeks by blinded assessors. At 11 weeks semi-structured qualitative interviews were also performed. Method: One hundred and thirty six adult patients with a mean baseline BP of 165 mm Hg (sd 10) over 102 mm Hg (sd 7) were randomly assigned to receive either TAU or AT which consisted of seven weekly 20 minutes sessions. The primary outcome was systolic blood pressure (SBP). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 patients who had received AT. Results: AT lowered SBP by-23 mm Hg (95% CI: -26, -20) and diastolic BP (DBP) by -15 mm Hg (95% CI: -18, -13), improved adherence by 37%, and improved their beliefs towards taking medication at 11 weeks compared to TAU. The thematic analysis of the interview transcripts identified five major themes of patient's experience of AT; modifying attitudes and beliefs, positive impact on self efficacy, motivational therapist, positive impact on wellbeing, and a well designed intervention. Conclusions: Adherence therapy changes patients' negative beliefs and attitude toward antihypertensive drugs and this increases their adherence to medication regimes which then leads to a clinically important reduction in BP. This reduction could be predicted to lead to reduced incidence of the adverse consequence of hypertension such as strokes, myocardial infarction, or death.
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Halimi, Jean-Michel. "Albuminurie et hypertension artérielle." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON1T014.
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Debbabi, Haythem. "Hypertension artérielle et microcirculation." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077085.
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De nombreux travaux relient aujourd'hui les complications de la maladie hypertensive à un défaut de perfusion des organes cibles. Ces anomalies sont essentiellement représentées par une raréfaction artériolo-capillaire, et une dysfonction endothéliale. La correction efficace du niveau de la pression artérielle reste un objectif essentiel qui pourrait cependant être complété par l'objectif de préserver ou de restaurer les perfusions tissulaires. Dans un premier travail nous avons validé la mesure de la réactivité de la circulation cutanée mesurée par vélocimétrie laser Doppler après administration locale de doses cumulatives d'acétylcholine par iontophorèse. La réponse cutanée à Pacetylcholine a été comparée à la dilatation flux-dépendante de l'artère humérale après hyperémie post-occlusive de la main. Nous avons retrouvé une très bonne corrélation entre réactivité cutanée et réponse humérale (r = 0. 910, PO. 000001). Nous avons ensuite démontré que la densité capillaire cutanée peut être normalisée par un traitement anti-hypertenseur. Il semble que, malgré un contrôle tensionnel équivalent, toutes les classes de médicaments n'ont pas le même effet sur la microcirculation. Nous avons notamment démontré la supériorité d'une association fixe périndopril-indapamide dans ce domaine. La relation de causalité entre l'atteinte microcirculatoire et l'hypertension artérielle reste toujours en suspens. Nous avon démontré que l'augmentation de la pression artérielle observée sous traitement par le bevacizumab, un anti-VEGF utilisé en carcinologie, pourrait être, au moins partiellement, expliquée par la raréfaction capillaire et la dysfonction endothéliale dans la microcirculationMany works link the complications of the hypertensive disease to a defect of perfusion of the target organes. These anomalies are primarily represented by an arteriolo-capillary rarefaction, and an endothelial dysfonction. The effective adjustment of the level of blood pressure remains a crucial objective, although preserving or restoring the tissue perfusions should not be neglected. In the first work, we have validated the measurement of the reactivity of the cutaneous circulation using laser Doppler flowmetry after local deliverance of cumulative amounts of acetylcholine by iontophoresis. The cutaneous response to acetylcholine was compared with the flow mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery. We found a very significant corrélation between cutaneous reactivity and brachial answer (r = 0. 91, P<0. 000001). We then showed that the cutaneous capillary density rarefaction can be reversed by an antihypertensive treatment. Moreover, in spite of a blood pressure control equivalent, all the classes of drugs do not have the same effect on the microcirculation. We in particular showed the superiority of fixed association of périndopril-indapamide in this field. The relationship between the microcirculatory damage and arterial hypertension is not yet clearly established. We showed that the increase of the blood pressure under treatment by the bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF used in oncology, could be, at least partially, explained by capillary rarefaction and endothelial dysfonction in the microcirculation
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Fauvel, Jean-Pierre. "Stress : hypertension et rein." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M305.
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Temple, Ian Peter. "Arrhythmogenesis in pulmonary hypertension." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/arrhythmogenesis-in-pulmonary-hypertension(49d3d15a-e58b-45b3-9661-a734cba26308).html.
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Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a condition with severe morbidity and mortality. It is associated with an increase in incidence of all forms of arrhythmias which further increase morbidity and mortality. The monocrotaline (MCT) model of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the rat is analogous to PAH in humans and was used to study how PH causes arrhythmias. Methods: A single injection of MCT or a volume matched saline injection (control) was given to the rats on day 0 of the protocol. The hearts of both groups of rats were studied in vivo with echocardiography (echo) and electrocardiogram (ECG). The rat’s condition was monitored and they were electively sacrificed when they showed symptoms or on day 28. Live cardiac tissue was studied using the Langendorff preparation and a right atrial preparation that incorporated the sinoatrial (SA) and atrioventricular (AV) nodes. Molecular biology techniques including reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry were used identify changes in the heart caused by PH. The effects of macitentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist used in the treatment of PAH, on the MCT injected rats was assessed using echo and ECGResults: Echo demonstrated that the MCT treated rats developed severe pulmonary hypertension with a decreased pulmonary artery acceleration time (P<0.005) and an increased pulmonary artery deceleration (P<0.005). The MCT treated rats also developed right ventricular hypertrophy (P<0.05) and dilation (P<0.005). The in vivo ECG demonstrated QT prolongation (P<0.005). Ex vivo functional experiments demonstrated QT prolongation (P<0.005) and prolonged ventricular effective refractory period (P<0.005). AV node dysfunction was also seen in the ex vivo experiments with an increased AV effective refractory period (P<0.05), AV functional refractory period (P<0.05) and incidence of complete heart block (P<0.05). RT-qPCR demonstrated significant changes in the mRNA expression of several ion channels and exchanges, Ca2+ handling proteins and autonomic receptors including a downregulation of HCN4 and CaV1.2 in the AV nodal tissues (P<0.05). Treatment of established pulmonary hypertension led to a reduction in the prolongation of the QT interval caused by MCT administration at day 21 (P<0.05).Conclusions: PH causes arrhythmogenic changes including prolonged repolarisation in the working myocardium and AV node dysfunction. These changes may be caused by dysregulation of ion channels and Ca2+ handling proteins. These ion channels and Ca2+handling proteins may play a key role in both physiological and pathological processes within the AV node.
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Ke, Liang. "Hypertension and Vitamin D." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14220.
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The aim of this research was to apply analytical epidemiology to examine associations between hypertension and vitamin D status (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD)). The first objective was to appraise and synthesize the research evidence on the relationship between hypertension and 25OHD. The follow-up objective was to complete a sequence of studies exploring the association between hypertension and 25OHD in two populations with high hypertension and vitamin D deficiency rates, Finland and China. The results of the meta-analysis were that higher vitamin D levels were associated with lower hypertension rates. In a prospective study from Finland higher 25OHD levels at baseline were found to associate with less hypertension and a lower pulse rate. On follow-up only low pulse rate remained associated with higher 25OHD. A hypertension prevalence rate of 34% was reported from a cross-sectional survey in Macau 2012. Potentially modifiable predictors of hypertension were found to be smoking, obesity and lack of exercise, sunlight exposure and low intake of fish. Only 45% of this population on whom blood was collected were found to have sufficient vitamin D status (≥50 nmol/L). Young highly educated women were at greatest risk of not being sufficient. Higher sun exposure, fish intake and more physical activity and less sitting were associated with higher 25OHD levels. In the older population (≥55 years) higher 25OHD levels significantly predicted having either lower hypertension or lower pulse rates. The evidence from these series of studies indicates a small consistent association between vitamin D sufficiency and reduction in hypertension risk. These results are consistent with recent meta-analyses of observational studies. The unique finding from this study is that there is an age cohort differential with younger Chinese having lower vitamin D status and in a population with increasing hypertension this fact may have public health consequences in the future.
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Sharma, Nishan B. "Central nucleus of the amygdala and the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9646.
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Electrolytic lesions of the central nucleus of the amygdala (ACe) have been shown to attenuate the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Whether this was due to destruction local neurons and/or fibres of passage is unknown. In the present study, neuronal perikarya in the ACe of 4 week-old SHR were selectively destroyed with ibotenic acid. Three separate experiments were conducted, in which mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate and blood pressure responses to acute mental stress were measured in groups of lesioned and sham-lesioned SHR. In Experiment 1, in which rats were fed ad lib., lesioned SHR had a significantly lower average MAP (173 mmHg $\pm$ 7 S.E.) vs. sham-lesioned SHR (201 $\pm$ 4), 15 weeks post-operation (p 0.05, t-test). These results show that the attenuation of the development of hypertension in young SHR is due to the selective destruction of neurons in the ACe. The lesioned animals in Experiment 1 also had significantly lower body weights (BW) from 5 weeks post-operation onwards (p 0.5, two-way repeated-measures ANOVA). Therefore, in Experiment 2, food intake (and hence BW) among the lesioned and sham-lesioned rats was equalized. Average MAP in the lesioned SHR at 7 and 15 weeks post-operation was not different vs. sham-lesioned SHR, but was significantly higher (190 $\pm$ 9) vs. sham-lesioned SHR (164 $\pm$ 5) 22 weeks post-operation (p 0.05, t-test). These results indicate that destruction of neuronal perikarya in the ACe in young SHR merely delays the development of hypertension, due to a reduced BW gain. In Experiment 3, the effect of a high salt diet in ACe-lesioned SHR was examined. No significant differences in MAP were measured between lesioned and and sham-lesioned rats 4 or 11 weeks post-operation.
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Lassila, Markus. "Cyclosporine A-induced hypertension and nephrotoxicity in spontaneously hypertensive rats on high-sodium diet." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2000. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/biola/vk/lassila/.
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Persson, Mats. "Bring hypertension guidelines into play : guideline-based decision support system for drug treatment of hypertension and epidemiological aspects of hypertension guidelines." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Allmänmedicin, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-94105.
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Kantachuvesiri, Surasak. "Genetics of malignant hypertension and pathophysiological study in transgenic rats with inducible hypertension." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12101.
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Hypertension afflicts 15-20% of the human population and exerts a significant impact on health care resources. Several studies both in humans and animal models suggested a genetic predisposition to hypertension and its complications including malignant hypertension (MH). In this study, two complementary approaches were employed to study the genetic factors and mechanisms of target organ damage in MH. In the first approach, the mouse Ren2 transgene was used to induce hypertension in different strains of rats and the incidence of MH was found to be dependent on genetic background. To identify the loci affecting the MH phenotype in rats, an informative genetic cross was carried out with phenotypic assessment and high throughput genome screening. QTL analysis identified a polygenic inheritance of MH lethality involving two modifier loci on chromosome 10 and 17 from the Fischer and Lewis strains, which encompass Ace and At1 genes, both logical candidates for involvement in the manifestation of the MH phenotype. The effects of the loci were consistent with multiplicative effects. Furthermore, a difference in plasma ACE activity was found in rats inheriting Fischer and Lewis loci and supported the association of ACE and MH. To facilitate the study of the etiology of vascular lesion in MH, rats with inducible hypertension were generated. The strategy utilized the cytochrome P450, Cyp1a1 promoter to drive expression of Ren2 in transgenic rats. Transgene expression was thereby rendered inducible by xenobiotics, such as indole-3 carbinol (13C) and 3-methylcholanthrene. The level and duration of hypertension can be regulated in these rats by adjusting the dosage and nature of inducer. Kinetics study of plasma and tissue renin suggested that tissue uptake and activation of prorenin was implicated in development of hypertension. The rats exhibited clinical and pathological features of malignant hypertension upon induction with continuous dietary 13C administration.
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Lotika, Atileombolo. "Reasons given by hypertensive patients seen at Natalspruit Hospital, Gauteng, for consulting traditional healers." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/206.
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Thesis (M Med.(Family Medicine & PHC))-- University of Limpopo, 2009.A study on reasons why hypertensive patients seen at Natalspruit Hospital consult traditional healers whilst taking treatment from the hospital. Aim: To understand reasons given by patients receiving treatment for hypertension at Natalspruit Hospital for concurrently using traditional medicine. Design: Explorative descriptive qualitative study. Setting: Natalspruit Hospital, Gauteng – South Africa. Study population: All patients attending the researcher‟s practice suffering from hypertension and also consulted traditional healers. Results: The results of this study originated from the data collected from different interviews and their interpretations by the researcher. The respondents answered freely to the research question during a face to face conversation which was recorded with the purpose of exploring the topic in details. A certain number of information was obtained on why hypertensive patients despite their treatment from the researcher‟s practice were seeking help from the traditional healers. Number of answers derived from all respondents on the reasons why they combine the two types of medicine for their hypertension. This study focused on the ways the respondents felt about the service from the hospital/clinic, from the traditional healers and mainly on the reasons given by them when seeking help from traditional healers. Nine respondents were our group which was interviewed. The group consisted primarily of females than males, most of them were unemployed. Recommendations: Based on the results found, recommendations are that traditional medicine should be encouraged, especially in rural areas as it contributes substantially to primary health care. The government should primarily be using its resources in encouraging traditional healers to become a part of the health care delivery system through workshops involving both health professionals and traditional healers, training of modern doctors in the importance of cultural care and positive attitude towards the traditional healers. The government should consider integrating traditional medicine into the formal health system of the state. There is need to be education of patients on side-effects of anti-hypertensives at the time of dispensing, for instance ACE Inhibitors and the cough, to prevent patients seeking solutions for themselves, including taking traditional medication; education of staff in hospitals/clinics on care of patients to improve their attitudes. There is need for principles of Family Medicine to be taught and implemented in all levels of care. There is need for accessibility of modern medicine in remote areas where hospital facilities should be closer to all. A pilot referral system should be introduced and evaluated. If successful, a full-scale system should be introduced. This will ensure that the traditional healer feels both involved and committed. Traditional healers should come out into the open and be more assertive so that their work becomes transparent and this could further enhance their public image.
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Cole, Sarajane. "The effects of supervisor intervention on hypertensive employees' blood pressure in an industrial hypertension program." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43391.
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Syme, Paul David. "Studies of ion transport in vivo in the spontaneously hypertensive rat : implications for essential hypertension." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20233.
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The work presented in this thesis involves new methods of using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) to study ion transport in vivo in hypertension. A new NMR technique was developed which allowed measurement of absolute concentrations of rubidium (potassium) in vivo. This method was used to study rubidium (potassium) kinetics in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and showed evidence for increased potassium efflux and increased Na+/K+-ATPase activity in SHR skeletal muscle in vivo. NMR was also used to study in vivo Na+/H+ antiporteractivity in the skeletal muscle of the rat and it was found that Na+ /H^+ antiporter activity is increased by β2-adrenoceptor stimulation and by increasing the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. This stimulation of Na^+/H^+ antiporter activity in skeletal muscle by the sympathetic nervous system may be part of the well known but poorly understood 'fright and flight' mechanism. Using these new NMR techniques it was found that Na^+/H^+ antiporter activity is increased in SHR skeletal muscle in vivo. In addition, this difference in antiport activity can be removed by blocking L-type calcium channels. These differences in ion transport in SHRs occurred in association with increased skeletal muscle relaxation following contraction which is similar to the finding in vascular smooth muscle in essential hypertension. Despite differences in in vivo Na^+/H^+ antiporteractivity and in vivo potassium fluxes in SHRs no difference was found in either intracellular steady-state concentrations of potassium ions, hydrogen ions or bicarbonate. In addition, there was no difference in intrinsic cell buffering in SHRs in vivo compared with WKY rats. On the basis of these findings a new hypothesis is proposed which links ion transport abnormalities found in hypertension with cell volume and pH regulation.
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Ramachandran, Meenakshi Sundaram. "Status of end organ damage in newly detected hypertension, hypertension in thyroid disorders and knowledge and awareness of hypertension among physicians and public." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10877.
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Hypertension is associated with end organ damage (EOD). Since EOD is a risk factor for cardio- and cerebrovascular complications, it is a major requirement for these to be detected, prevented and treated. A total of 147 consecutive patients with newly-diagnosed essential hypertension and attending the outpatient clinic were included in this study based on a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria (patients with co-morbid illnesses were excluded from the investigation). Among them, 86% (70 male (M) and 56 female (F)) had one or more EODs, an observation which was very close to statistically significance (P=0.054). The presence of one or more EODs in newly-detected hypertension indicates widespread vascular damage which carries the high risk for cardio- and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. Although thyroid dysfunctions exert significant effects on blood pressure (BP), published literature available has revealed contradictory data. Objective of our study was to explore the inter-relationships between selected thyroid dysfunctional status (hyper and hypothyroid) and established biomarkers [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4)]; and BP components [specifically Systolic BP (SBP), Diastolic BP (DBP), and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), and uniquely SBP:DBP ratio]. We followed rigid criteria in order to select adults with hyperthyroidism (n=71) and hypothyroidism (n=300), together with healthy age-matched controls (n =300), and applied a series of statistical analyses on the datasets acquired. We have observed thyroid dysfunctional status is associated with elevated BP, and increasing BP is positively-correlated with elevated serum thyroid biomarkers, hyper and hypothyroid disorders should be recognized and treated early in order to avoid critical hazards presented by high BP. Also, we have studied awareness among public and physicians in managing hypertension. Overall, the levels of knowledge and awareness among both groups are sub-optimal. Hence there is an urgent need for empowerment among both groups to enhance awareness and to bring effective standard of care.
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Chang, Betty. "Pulmonary disease in scleroderma combined interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertenson and predictors of pulmonary hypertension /." Available to US Hopkins community, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3068129.
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Ferran, Karen L. "Hypertension and mortality in women with a history of new onset hypertension during pregnancy /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3091214.
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Collidge, Tara. "Vascular remodelling in malignant hypertension." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27817.
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Recently a highly controllable and reproducible animal model of MH was developed in the rat. The Inducible Hypertensive Rat (IHR) exploits conditional transgenic technology allowing renin expression to be switched on, and hypertension to develop, following exposure to a dietary inducing agent. The resulting phenotype resembles human MH, where inappropriate activation of the renin angiotensin system is also seen. This study used the IHR to characterise the development of MH with specific reference to the renal vasculature. Histological injury and hypertension were pre-dated by adventitial fibroblast proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration. In order to determine the role of inflammatory cells the immunosuppressant FK506 was administered pre-emptively, resulting in the total abolition of hypertension and end-organ injury. To allow further investigation of inflammation, the MH phenotype was developed in mice using subcutaneous angiotensin II infusion. When MH was superimposed on a transgenic line susceptible to conditional macrophage depletion, vascular remodelling failed to occur in the mesenteric circulation where depletion was greatest. The effect of volume expansion on the IHR was assessed. Transgenic animals craved saline and the resulting fluid overload overcame cerebral autoregulation resulting in ischaemic stroke without alteration in systemic hypertension or pathology. The onset of stroke was tightly predictable and reproducible. Accordingly, the saline-loaded IHR represents a novel and inducible model of ischaemic stroke. In conclusion, this study has identified inflammation as an early and important event in the pathogenesis of MH in two rodent models. Additionally, cerebral autoregulation in the IHR could be overcome by fluid overload resulting in the dissociation of central and systemic pathology.
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Shah, Syed Hasnain Ali. "Studies related to portal hypertension." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27367.
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1: The role of nitric oxide as a mediator in the hyporesponsiveness of hepatic arteries in cirrhosis is investigated in vitro, noting the effect of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibition on vascular contractility. Result: No difference between the contractile response of cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic blood vessels to phenylephrine was noted with or without iNOS inhibition. Conclusion: iNOS activity does not modulate α-adrenoceptor mediated contractility in hepatic cirrhosis. 2a: To assess the role of clinical palpation in diagnosing splenomegaly in hepatic cirrhosis and to determine the value of abdominal ultrasound in assessing spleen size. Ultrasonography is compared with radionuclide imaging in measuring spleen size. Spleen size has also been related to peripheral blood features of hypersplenism, severity of liver disease, size of GOV and with portal haemodynamic measurements. Results and conclusions: Clinical palpation is an insensitive tool in assessing spleen size. There is a good correlation between spleen weight and ultrasonically determined length of spleen. Ultrasonography and radionuclide imaging give comparable results in measuring spleen size. There is a good correlation of spleen size with portal vein blood flow volume but not with portal pressure gradient and azygos vein blood flow volume. 2b: Single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) of spleen has been used to assess severity of liver disease in hepatic cirrhosis. Results: Spleen uptake of radioisotope per unit volume (% injected dose of radioisotope/ml.) increases and the liver/spleen uptake ratio diminishes as the liver disease worsens. There is also a negative correlation between spleen uptake per unit volume and the size of spleen. Conclusion: SPECT of the spleen can be used to assess liver function in patients with liver disease.
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Schreij, Gerrit. "Diagnostic aspects of renovascular hypertension." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1995. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=8355.
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Janssen, Bernardus Jacobus Agnes. "Sensory renal nerves and hypertension." Maastricht ; Rijksuniversiteit Limburg ; Maastricht : University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1988. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5589.
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Suylen, Robert Jan van. "Vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1999. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6859.
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Tran, Trinh Xuan. "Mechanisms of fructose-induced hypertension." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/6365.
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The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors and is a global health concern. The most accepted and unifying hypothesis proposes that insulin resistance is the major common underlying abnormality that describes the metabolic syndrome and links it to the development of cardiovascular disease. The fructose-fed rat is an animal model that exhibits several features observed in the metabolic syndrome including insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension. This animal model is used to study the relationship between these metabolic disturbances and hypertension. Numerous mechanisms have been proposed to mediate the link between insulin resistance and hypertension. The objectives of this thesis were to further investigate the underlying mechanisms that have been proposed to contribute to the development of hypertension in fructose-fed rats through the use of various pharmacological agents. We demonstrated that chronic treatment with bosentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist, L-158,809, an angiotensin receptor antagonist, prazosin, an α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist or etanercept, a soluble recombinant fusion protein consisting of the extracellular ligand binding domain of tumor necrosis factor receptor type 2, prevented the development of fructose-induced hypertension without affecting insulin levels or insulin sensitivity. These results suggest that increased production and/or activity of the endothelin system, renin angiotensin system or sympathetic nervous system contribute to the development of hypertension through insulin-independent mechanisms. Both the endothelin system and renin angiotensin system are crucial players in the development of fructose-induced hypertension, with endothelin-1 contributing its effects through modulation of angiotensin II. Overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system contributed to the development of hypertension, but does not appear to be an initial, precipitating mediator. Chronic etanercept treatment prevented the development of hypertension by improving vascular function and restoring endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. Therefore, the pathogenesis of hypertension in fructose-fed rats is complex in nature and involves numerous pathways that do not necessarily function independently from one another.
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Toward, Marie Ann. "Understanding brainstem microvessels in hypertension." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492621.
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Hypertension is associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Elevated sympathetic outflow and alterations in the baroreceptor reflex sensitivity may play an important role in the initiation and maintenance of high blood pressure. Previous work from this laboratory has demonstrated that endothelial derived genes are differentially expressed in key brainstem nuclei in hypertensive rats. In addition, angiotensin II acting at the nucleus tractus solitarii has been shown to attenuate the baroreflex through a vascular-neuronal signalling mechanism involving the release of nitric oxide. This evidence has led to the hypothesis that alterations in brainstem microvascular gene expression are causative to hypertension in animals and man.
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Peng, Siwei, and 彭思玮. "Medication nonadherence among hypertension patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48425230.
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Optimal effect of medical treatment requires patients' adherence to those treatments, which plays a even greater role than the medical decision made by physicians. With the epidemiological dynamic evolving, chronic disease becomes the major burden of healthcare, such as AIDS, hypertension, COPD, tuberculosis, asthma, epilepsy, schizophrenia, depression and diabetes, which make the adherence especially medication adherence a sightworthy issue because the risk of poor adherence with the complexity and duration of treatment with both of them are inherent to chronic diseases. Among patients with hypertension, medication nonadherence contributes to poorly controlled blood pressure as an significant yet unrecognized role. With the mediator of negative outcomes of further development of vascular disorders, including stroke, heart failure, renal insufficiency and coronary diseases, medication nonadherence to antihypertensives become the root of all devil in terms of healthcare.
In terms of healthcare utilization, it costs approximately 396 to 792 million dollars per year and creates a significant burden. Effect factors for medication nonadherence among hypertension patients include knowledge about hypertension, beliefs about hypertension, perceived beliefs about medication, inadequate self-management behaviors, physician-patient relationship, social support and healthcare policy. The achievements of current single level interventions are not satisfactory, therefore multiple level interventions are calling for attention.Everyone in the healthcare system are responsible to alter the situation. A comprehensive healthcare system that consummates all the effect factors is the effective and efficient solution.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Hillman, Nicola Jane. "Hypertension and experimental diabetic retinopathy." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241987.
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Williams, Stephen A. "Microvascular haemodynamics in essential hypertension." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47712.
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Ayral, Catherine. "Hypertension artérielle et diabète sucré." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11081.
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Fauvel, Jean-Pierre. "Stress, hypertension, rein et thérapeutique." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1T087.
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JOULIE, JEAN-CHRISTOPHE. "Dissection aortique et hypertension arterielle." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU31011.
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