Journal articles: 'Hygromorphism'

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Alexander, Symone L. M., and LaShanda T. J. Korley. "Tunable hygromorphism: structural implications of low molecular weight gels and electrospun nanofibers in bilayer composites." Soft Matter 13, no. 1 (2017): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6sm00749j.

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Krapež Tomec, Daša, Aleš Straže, Andreas Haider, and Mirko Kariž. "Hygromorphic Response Dynamics of 3D-Printed Wood-PLA Composite Bilayer Actuators." Polymers 13, no. 19 (September 22, 2021): 3209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13193209.

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The use of wood particles in wood-plastic composites (WPC) is well known and similar use could occur in materials for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing. Wood particles could be one of the possible solutions in the search for natural-based materials to minimize the use of synthetic-origin materials in additive manufacturing. Wood particles for 3D printing filaments can be made from wood waste and could serve as a cheap filler or as a value-added reinforcing component, depending on their properties and incorporation. The disadvantages of wood (dimensional changes due to water adsorption and desorption) could be used as functions when dimensional change is desirable, such as in shape-changing 4D printing materials. In this research, FDM printing materials made of polylactic acid (PLA), with different amounts of wood particles, were used to design moisture-induced shape-changing bilayer actuators, which could serve as a principle for active façade or ventilation valves. The initial research shows that the wood content in the WPC causes dimensional changes and thus shape changes of the designed actuators under changing climates. The shape change depends on the ratio of the materials in the two-layered actuator and the wood content in the wood-PLA composite used, and thus on sorption. The rate of the shape change behaves in the same way: the higher the wood content, the greater the change observed. The dynamics of the hygromorphism of bimaterial composites is greater with a small amount of added hygromechanically active material.

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Birch, Emily, Ben Bridgens, Meng Zhang, and Martyn Dade-Robertson. "Bacterial Spore-Based Hygromorphs: A Novel Active Material with Potential for Architectural Applications." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (April 5, 2021): 4030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13074030.

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This paper introduces a new active material which responds to changes in environmental humidity. There has been growing interest in active materials which are able to respond to their environment, creating dynamic architectural systems without the need for energy input or complex systems of sensors and actuators. A subset of these materials are hygromorphs, which respond to changes in relative humidity (RH) and wetting through shape change. Here, we introduce a novel hygromorphic material in the context of architectural design, composed of multiple monolayers of microbial spores of Bacillus subtilis and latex sheets. Methods of fabrication and testing for this new material are described, showing that small actuators made from this material demonstrate rapid, reversible and repeatable deflection in response to changes in RH. It is demonstrated that the hygromorphic actuators are able to lift at least 150% of their own mass. Investigations are also extended to understanding this new biomaterial in terms of meaningful work.

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Lisnichuk, А. M., R. S. Panasenko, L. A. Verykivskyi, and R. L. Yavorivskyi. "АВТОХТОННА ТА ІНТРОДУКОВАНА ДЕНДРОФЛОРА КРЕМЕНЕЦЬКОГО БОТАНІЧНОГО САДУ." Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology 83, no. 3-4 (April 20, 2024): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.23.3-4.1.

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The results of study of the current state of dendrofloraon the territory of Kremenets Botanical Garden are presented. The taxonomic composition was studied, systematic and botanical-geographical analyzes were carried out, biological and ecological features of woody plants growing and cultivated on the territory of the institution were analyzed. According to the latest inventory, the collection fund includes 318 species and 96 cultivars of woody plants, which belong to 80 genera and are grouped into 44 families. Department Magnoliophyta dominates by the number of families – (39, 88,64 %), genera (68, 85 %) and species (337, 81,40 %). Division Pinophyta is represented by 5 genera (11.36 %), 12 families (15,0 %), 77 species (18,60 %). According to the classification of I. G. Serebriakovthe collection is dominated by trees (51,21 %), including: deciduous (44.69 %), evergreen (6.52 %). Among shrubs (45,41 %), deciduous ones (31.40 %) predominate, evergreens make up a small group (14,01 %). Semi-shrubs are represented by semi-evergreen specimens (3,14 %). According to ecological indicators, 3 types of ecomorphs were identified: heliomorphic, hygromorphic, and trophomorphic. According to the degree of adaptation to lighting, heliophytes (238, 72,46 %) predominate in composition of the studied flora, the group of mesotrophs (156 species, 49,06 %) predominates according to the trophic indicator, mesophytes dominate among hygromorphs (287, 90,25 %). Introducers have adapted to local growing conditions and coexist well with native species. In general, natural and climatic conditions are favorable for introduction of woody plants from various floristic regions of the Holarctic. The East Asian, Atlantic-North American and Circumboreal floristic regions are the most represented. In the collections and expositions, the most represented plants are in the range from 5 to 20 years. The staff of the Garden laid plots of the following genera complexes: Сotoneaster (Соtoneaster), Rhododendron (Rhododendron), Magnolia (Magnolia), Spiraea (Spiraea), Pinophyta (Pinophyta), and lilac (Syringa).

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Reyssat, E., and L. Mahadevan. "Hygromorphs: from pine cones to biomimetic bilayers." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 6, no. 39 (July 2009): 951–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2009.0184.

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We consider natural and artificial hygromorphs, objects that respond to environmental humidity by changing their shape. Using the pine cone as an example that opens when dried and closes when wet, we quantify the geometry, mechanics and dynamics of closure and opening at the cell, tissue and organ levels, building on our prior structural knowledge. A simple scaling theory allows us to quantify the hysteretic dynamics of opening and closing. We also show how simple bilayer hygromorphs of paper and polymer show similar behaviour that can be quantified via a theory which couples fluid transport in a porous medium and evaporative flux to mechanics and geometry. Our work unifies varied observations of natural hygromorphs and suggests interesting biomimetic analogues, which we illustrate using an artificial flower with a controllable blooming and closing response.

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Tamaru, Juntaro, Toshiya Yui, and Tomoko Hashida. "Autonomously Moving Pine-Cone Robots: Using Pine Cones as Natural Hygromorphic Actuators and as Components of Mechanisms." Artificial Life 26, no. 1 (April 2020): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00310.

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We have developed autonomously moving pine-cone robots, which are made of multiple joined pine-cone scales for outdoor natural environments. We achieved these natural robots by using pine cones as both natural hygromorphic actuators and components of the mechanisms. When they are put in outdoor places where moist periods (e.g., rain) and dry periods repeatedly occur, they can move up and down on the spot or move forward. This article describes the motivation behind our research, the design and implementation of three different hygromorphic actuators, and applications for autonomously moving robots in nature.

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Holstov, Artem, Ben Bridgens, and Graham Farmer. "Hygromorphic materials for sustainable responsive architecture." Construction and Building Materials 98 (November 2015): 570–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.136.

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Lee, Sang-Wook, Jacob H. Prosser, Prashant K. Purohit, and Daeyeon Lee. "Bioinspired Hygromorphic Actuator Exhibiting Controlled Locomotion." ACS Macro Letters 2, no. 11 (October 11, 2013): 960–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/mz400439a.

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9

Alexander, S. L. M., S. Ahmadmehrabi, and L. T. J. Korley. "Programming shape and tailoring transport: advancing hygromorphic bilayers with aligned nanofibers." Soft Matter 13, no. 33 (2017): 5589–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sm00962c.

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Shrestha, Milan, Zhenbo Lu, and Gih-Keong Lau. "High humidity sensing by ‘hygromorphic’ dielectric elastomer actuator." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 329 (February 2021): 129268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.129268.

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Grönquist, Philippe, Prijanthy Panchadcharam, Dylan Wood, Achim Menges, Markus Rüggeberg, and Falk K. Wittel. "Computational analysis of hygromorphic self-shaping wood gridshell structures." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 7 (July 2020): 192210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.192210.

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Bi-layered composites capable of self-shaping are of increasing relevance to science and engineering. They can be made out of anisotropic materials that are responsive to changes in a state variable, e.g. wood, which swells and shrinks by changes in moisture. When extensive bending is desired, such bilayers are usually designed as cross-ply structures. However, the nature of cross-ply laminates tends to prevent changes of the Gaussian curvature so that a plate-like geometry of the composite will be partly restricted from shaping. Therefore, an effective approach for maximizing bending is to keep the composite in a narrow strip configuration so that Gaussian curvature can remain constant during shaping. This represents a fundamental limitation for many applications where self-shaped double-curved structures could be beneficial, e.g. in timber architecture. In this study, we propose to achieve double-curvature by gridshell configurations of narrow self-shaping wood bilayer strips. Using numerical mechanical simulations, we investigate a parametric phase-space of shaping. Our results show that double curvature can be achieved and that the change in Gaussian curvature is dependent on the system’s geometry. Furthermore, we discuss a novel architectural application potential in the form of self-erecting timber gridshells.

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Pelliccia, Giulia, Giorgio Baldinelli, Fabio Bianconi, Marco Filippucci, Marco Fioravanti, Giacomo Goli, Antonella Rotili, and Marco Togni. "Characterisation of wood hygromorphic panels for relative humidity passive control." Journal of Building Engineering 32 (November 2020): 101829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101829.

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13

Taccola, Silvia, Francesco Greco, Edoardo Sinibaldi, Alessio Mondini, Barbara Mazzolai, and Virgilio Mattoli. "Toward a New Generation of Electrically Controllable Hygromorphic Soft Actuators." Advanced Materials 27, no. 10 (January 2, 2015): 1668–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201404772.

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Jesús, Inés Sastre-De. "Estudios preliminares sobre comunidades de briofitas en troncos en descomposición en el bosque subtropical lluvioso de Puerto Rico." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 6, no. 1 (December 31, 1992): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.6.1.21.

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The bryophyte communities growing on decaying logs in the subtropical wet forests of Puerto Rico are described. Logs were classified according to presence or absence of bark and wood texture. Logs with bark are dominated by members of the Lejeuneaceae and Calymperaceae. In softwood logs, Taxithelium planum and Isopterygium tenerum were abundant. It is suggested in a preliminary manner that due to low fluctuation of water content in heavily decayed logs, hygromorphic bryophytes are favored.

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Mathesan, Santhosh, Amrita Rath, and Pijush Ghosh. "Insights on Water Dynamics in the Hygromorphic Phenomenon of Biopolymer Films." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 121, no. 16 (April 12, 2017): 4273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b00980.

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AL NAHARI, Bassam, Khalid ZARBANE, and Zitouni BEIDOURI. "Moisture-Responsive Cellulose For 4D Printing." Incertitudes et fiabilité des systèmes multiphysiques 8, no. 2 (2024): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21494/iste.op.2024.1227.

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Particularly focusing on 4D printing, a technology enabling objects to transform over time. We explore smart materials, emphasizing moisture-responsive variants crucial for 4D printing. Notably, cellulose emerges as key, offering renewable and sustainable bio-based filaments. We detail the meticulous preparation of cellulose from sugarcane bagasse, obtaining high-purity fibers essential for 4D printing. These filaments exhibit versatile stiffness and moisture responsiveness, crucial for hygromorphic structures. Our proposed method integrates a codesign approach tailored for 4D printing, utilizing fused filament fabrication and cellulose-filled filaments. Through this investigation, we uncover cellulose’s potential in sensor technology and additive manufacturing, marking significant progress in responsive materials and 4D printing.

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17

El Hachem, Chady, Kamilia Abahri, Jérôme Vicente, Rachid Bennacer, and Rafik Belarbi. "Hygromorphic characterization of softwood under high resolution X-ray tomography for hygrothermal simulation." Heat and Mass Transfer 54, no. 9 (March 7, 2018): 2761–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00231-018-2311-9.

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Kang, Hosung, Minki Lee, Hyuneui Lim, Howard A. Stone, and Jinkee Lee. "Hygromorphic actuator from a metal oxide film driven by a nano-capillary forest structure." NPG Asia Materials 9, no. 8 (August 2017): e417-e417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/am.2017.139.

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Kalashnikova, L. V., and J. V. Doroshenko. "Ecological characteristic of dendrosozophytеs of the dendrological park «Oleksandria» of NAS of Ukraine." Journal of Native and Alien Plant Studies, no. 1 (December 28, 2021): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37555/2707-3114.1.2021.247561.

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The ecological characteristics of 159 dendrosozophytes of the dendrological park «Olexandria» are given: 61 of the Pinophyta division, 98 of the Magnoliophyta division; the sozological status is determined according to the latest in- ternational, state, and regional data. In addition, ecomorphs of plants were considered as specific displays of their adaptation to certain discrete abiotic factors of the ecotope. According to the ecological analysis, it was found that the dendrososophytes of the dendrological park are represented by 7 hygromorphs, among which mesophytes predominate (77 species — 49%), which are confined to moderately humid and arid ecotopes of Drymo-, Thamno- and Anthropogenophyton. In general, the rarity component is dominated by mezophilic heliophytic microthermophytic, and mezotrophic phanerophytes.

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El Hachem, Chady, Pan Ye, Kamilia Abahri, and Rachid Bennacer. "Fiber’s hygromorphic effect on thermal conductivity of wooden fibrous insulation characterized by X-ray tomography." Construction and Building Materials 150 (September 2017): 758–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.06.013.

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Tahouni, Yasaman, Friederike Krüger, Simon Poppinga, Dylan Wood, Matthias Pfaff, Jürgen Rühe, Thomas Speck, and Achim Menges. "Programming sequential motion steps in 4D-printed hygromorphs by architected mesostructure and differential hygro-responsiveness." Bioinspiration & Biomimetics 16, no. 5 (July 21, 2021): 055002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/ac0c8e.

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de Kergariou, Charles, Antoine Le Duigou, Adam Perriman, and Fabrizio Scarpa. "Design space and manufacturing of programmable 4D printed continuous flax fibre polylactic acid composite hygromorphs." Materials & Design 225 (January 2023): 111472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111472.

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23

Taccola, Silvia, Francesco Greco, Edoardo Sinibaldi, Alessio Mondini, Barbara Mazzolai, and Virgilio Mattoli. "Soft Actuators: Toward a New Generation of Electrically Controllable Hygromorphic Soft Actuators (Adv. Mater. 10/2015)." Advanced Materials 27, no. 10 (March 2015): 1637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201570065.

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Ivanova, A. V. "Comparative Characteristics of the Hygromorphic Composition of the Leading Families of Florae of Different Regions of Russia." Chemistry. Biology. Ecology 17, no. 4 (2017): 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1816-9775-2017-17-4-475-480.

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Correa, David, Simon Poppinga, Max D. Mylo, Anna S. Westermeier, Bernd Bruchmann, Achim Menges, and Thomas Speck. "4D pine scale: biomimetic 4D printed autonomous scale and flap structures capable of multi-phase movement." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2167 (February 3, 2020): 20190445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0445.

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We developed biomimetic hygro-responsive composite polymer scales inspired by the reversible shape-changes of Bhutan pine ( Pinus wallichiana ) cone seed scales. The synthetic kinematic response is made possible through novel four-dimensional (4D) printing techniques with anisotropic material use, namely copolymers with embedded cellulose fibrils and ABS polymer. Multi-phase motion like the subsequent transversal and longitudinal bending deformation during desiccation of a natural pinecone scale can be structurally programmed into such printed hygromorphs. Both the natural concept generator (Bhutan pinecone scale) and the biomimetic technical structure (4D printed scale) were comparatively investigated as to their displacement and strain over time via three-dimensional digital image correlation methods. Our bioinspired prototypes can be the basis for tailored autonomous and self-sufficient flap and scale structures performing complex consecutive motions for technical applications, e.g. in architecture and soft robotics. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bioinspired materials and surfaces for green science and technology (part 3)’.

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Derome, Dominique, Ahmad Rafsanjani, Alessandra Patera, Robert Guyer, and Jan Carmeliet. "Hygromorphic behaviour of cellular material: hysteretic swelling and shrinkage of wood probed by phase contrast X-ray tomography." Philosophical Magazine 92, no. 28-30 (September 18, 2012): 3680–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2012.715248.

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Wang, David H., Ruel N. McKenzie, Philip R. Buskohl, Richard A. Vaia, and Loon-Seng Tan. "Hygromorphic Polymers: Synthesis, Retro-Michael Reaction, and Humidity-Driven Actuation of Ester–Sulfonyl Polyimides and Thermally Derived Copolyimides." Macromolecules 49, no. 9 (April 19, 2016): 3286–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00250.

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Malmir, Maryam, Rita Serrano, Ahmad Reza Gohari, and Olga Silva. "Characterization of Satureja khuzestanica Leaf as a Herbal Medicine." Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, no. 5 (August 26, 2014): 1425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927614013026.

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AbstractDried leaves of Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad are a popular herbal medicine and dental anesthetic among the nomadic inhabitants of southwestern Iran. The present study establishes criteria for identification of S. khuzestanica dried whole, fragmented and powdered leaves for specification as a herbal substance using macroscopic and microscopic characterization. Quantitative microscopy techniques were also considered. Macroscopically leaves exhibit a grayish-green color, are broadly ovate in shape with an acute apex, attenuate base, and ciliate margin and have a surface covered by an indumentum of glandular and non-glandular trichomes. Microscopically leaves have an isobilateral amphistomatic structure containing peltate glandular trichomes consisting of a multiseriate stalk (five cells) and an enlarged secretory head composed of 12 cells, capitate glandular trichomes of variable morphology together with two types of non-glandular trichomes. Oval-shaped hygromorphic diacytic stomata with an adaxial stomatal index of 13.54, collateral vascular bundles consisting of xylem, and three layers of sclerenchymatous tissue close to phloem together with cluster, prismatic and raphide calcium oxalate crystals were also identified as useful pharmacognostic parameters for identification of S. khuzestanica dried leaves.

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Hapon, S., and Y. Hapon. "BRYOPHYTE COMPONENT OF MEADOW PHYTOCOENOSES IN THE ROMENSKO-POLTAVA GEOBOTANICAL DISTRICT." BIOLOGY & ECOLOGY 8, no. 2 (December 12, 2022): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2022.8.2.285299.

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The bryophyte component of the meadow phytocoenoses of the Romensko-Poltava geobotanical district is characterized in this study. The research revealed that the meadow phytocoenoses of Ukraine consist of 39 species of mosses, belonging to two divisions, three classes, six orders, 14 families, and 26 genera. The division Marchantiophyta is represented by one class, one order, two families, and two genera. The division Bryophyta is represented by two classes, five orders, 12 families, 24 genera, and 36 species. The richest families in terms of species diversity are Amblystegiaceae and Pottiaceae (each containing six species), and Plagiomniaceae (with five species). The genera in the bryoflora spectrum are predominantly monospecific or bispecific. Only two genera, Brachythecium and Plagiomnium, are represented by five species each. The meadow bryoflora is characterized by the prevalence of species with life forms such as low cushions, tall cushions, and mats. The ecological-biological structure of the bryoflora is characterized by the dominance of shade-tolerant mosses and heliophytes. Among hygromorphs, hygromesophytes and mesophytes prevail, while among trophomorphs, mesotrophs, mesoeutrophs, and eutrophs are dominant.

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Krüger, Friederike, Rebecca Thierer, Yasaman Tahouni, Renate Sachse, Dylan Wood, Achim Menges, Manfred Bischoff, and Jürgen Rühe. "Development of a Material Design Space for 4D-Printed Bio-Inspired Hygroscopically Actuated Bilayer Structures with Unequal Effective Layer Widths." Biomimetics 6, no. 4 (October 6, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics6040058.

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(1) Significance of geometry for bio-inspired hygroscopically actuated bilayer structures is well studied and can be used to fine-tune curvatures in many existent material systems. We developed a material design space to find new material combinations that takes into account unequal effective widths of the layers, as commonly used in fused filament fabrication, and deflections under self-weight. (2) For this purpose, we adapted Timoshenko’s model for the curvature of bilayer strips and used an established hygromorphic 4D-printed bilayer system to validate its ability to predict curvatures in various experiments. (3) The combination of curvature evaluation with simple, linear beam deflection calculations leads to an analytical solution space to study influences of Young’s moduli, swelling strains and densities on deflection under self-weight and curvature under hygroscopic swelling. It shows that the choice of the ratio of Young’s moduli can be crucial for achieving a solution that is stable against production errors. (4) Under the assumption of linear material behavior, the presented development of a material design space allows selection or design of a suited material combination for application-specific, bio-inspired bilayer systems with unequal layer widths.

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Li, Peng, Ling Pan, Dexi Liu, Yubo Tao, and Sheldon Q. Shi. "A Bio-Hygromorph Fabricated with Fish Swim Bladder Hydrogel and Wood Flour-Filled Polylactic Acid Scaffold by 3D Printing." Materials 12, no. 18 (September 7, 2019): 2896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12182896.

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Non-powered adaptive systems are attractive in the construction of environment actuators, meteorosensitive architectures, biomedical devices, and soft robotics. Combining hydrophilic materials and anisotropic structures to mimic self-morphing plant structures has been demonstrated as an effective approach to creating artificial hygromorphs. The convenience of 3D printing technologies in shaping programmable complex structures facilitates the imitation of complex anisotropic plant structures. In this research, we constructed a bio-hygromorph using fish swim bladder hydrogel as the hydrophilic material and wood flour-filled polylactic acid (WPLA) scaffold, which was printed with fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technology (3DP). The environmental benign bio-hygromorph displayed morphing abilities triggered by moisture content changes, as the fish swim bladder hydrogel swelled and shrunk during absorption and desorption cycles. The strain disproportion of the two-layered composite structure in the bio-hygromorph drove the bending deformation. Stress analyses performed with finite element analysis (FEA) also revealed the mechanism behind the moisture content driven morphing of the bio-hygromorph. Notably, the bio-hygromorph exhibited faster response times to moisture absorption than desorption, which may donate actuators’ different attributes in distinct moisture conditions.

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Golovlyov, Aleksey Alekseevich, Yulia Vladimirovna Makarova, and Nataliya Vladimirovna Prokhorova. "Bioecological analysis of Mountain Kuznetsov vascular plants." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201871104.

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According to the vegetation duration the vascular plants grow on Kuznetsov Mountain form such groups as: summer vegetative species (216 species, 80,9%), summer-winter-green species (44 species, 16,5%), evergreen, spring-green, spring-early-summer-green (2 species, 0,7% each) and summer-green or summer-winter-green vascular plants (1 species, 0,4%). Depending on the pollination ways the entomophillic plants prevail (206 species, 77,1%), whereas anemophiles (40 species, 15,0%), self-polinated (3 species, 1,1%) and species combining entomophilia with self-pollination (8 species, 3,0%), entomophilia with anemophilia (1 species, 0,4% %) are also presented. According to spreading seeds ways the species form the following descending series: diplohories and polychories (79 species, 29,6%) ballists, anemochores (55 species, 20,6% each) zoochores (31 species, 11,6%) barochores (29 species, 10,8%) automechanochores (8 species, 3,0%) hydrochores (1 species, 0,4%). Depending on the ecomorph structure of vegetation, the cenomorphs descending row includes: silvants (75 species, 28,1%), pratants (48 species, 18,0%) and ruderants (46 species, 17,2%), the same for trophomorphs - mesotrophs (154 species, 57,7%), among the hygromorphs - mesophytes (98 species, 36,8%) and xeromesophytes (58 species, 21,7%), among heliomorphs - heliophytes (152 species, 56,9%) and scioheliophytes (66 species, 24,7%), among the thermomorphs - mesotherms (195 species, 73,0%).

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Mazur, I. "Identification conformity of wetlands biotopes of the Northwest of the Black Sea region." Agroecological journal, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.3.2016.249071.

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This publication presents the analysis of the mostly used international and Ukrainian classification systems for wetland areas performed for identification of different-type marsh biotopes of steppe rivers in the Northwest Black Sea Region. Among the classification systems, the most well-known are the Ramsar Classification System for Wetland Type (1971) and Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (Cowardin et al., 1979). In these systems, valley marsh biotopes are identified as riverine and palustrine, non-tidal, unstable (perennial impounded and seasonal/intermittent) freshwater marshes on mineral rich soils predominantly covered by grasslike plants (rush, reedmace, sedge). The delta marshes of the Danube, Dniester and Dnieper are referred to as tidal brackish and freshwater marshes. According to Ukrainian classification systems for hygromorphic geosystem, marsh biotopes are regarded as mouth wetlands, which is peculiar to delta marsh areas of the Danube and Dnieper interfluve. Thus, riverbed marshes of small and medium-sized rivers are located in other areas and are usually met both in the lower (continuous marsh areas), middle (fragmented marsh mosaic), and upper (coastland) river flow areas, which is caused by an unstable watercourse rate and transforming of their riverbed parts into marsh sections covered by eurytopic wetland species.

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Seelinger, David, Hussam Georges, Jan-Lukas Schäfer, Jasmin Huong, Rena Tajima, Christan Mittelstedt, and Markus Biesalski. "Pinecone-Inspired Humidity-Responsive Paper Actuators with Bilayer Structure." Polymers 16, no. 10 (May 15, 2024): 1402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16101402.

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Many plant materials in nature have the ability to change their shape to respond to external stimuli, such as humidity or moisture, to ensure their survival or safe seed release. A well-known example for this phenomenon is the pinecone, which is able to open its scales at low humidity due to the specific bilayer structures of the scale. Inspired by this, we developed a novel humidity-driven actuator based on paper. This was realized by the lamination of untreated paper made from eucalyptus fibers to a paper–carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite. As observed, the hygroexpansion of the composite can be easily controlled by the amount of CMC in the impregnated paper sheet, which, thus, controls the morphologic deformation of the paper bilayer. For a more detailed understanding of these novel paper soft robots, we also studied the dynamic water vapor adsorption, polymer distribution and hygroexpansion of the paper–polymer composites. Finally, we applied a geometrically nonlinear finite element model to predict the bending behavior of paper bilayers and compared the results to experimental data. From this, we conclude that due to the complexity of structure of the paper composite, a universal prediction of the hygromorphic behavior is not a trivial matter.

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Matveeva, Tatyana Borisovna, Ivan Victorovich Kazantsev, and Sergey Lvovich Molchatsky. "Ecomorfs analysis of the Samara flora." Samara Journal of Science 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201982105.

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During the conducted research it is revealed that suburban forests of Samara experience a considerable anthropogenic load. It is connected with the increase of the country site area, unauthorized building of the territory, deforestation, recreational loading. For the allocated associations the analysis of ecomorphs of flora is carried out. All species on coenomorphes, hygromorphes and trophomorphes are distributed. On the basis of the obtained data primary distribution of elements of flora was established. The main consequences of anthropogenic transformation are also revealed. It is possible to conclude that the structure of herbage of Samara suburban forests changes in the process of anthropogenic loading increase. It is reflected in ruderants, xeromesophytes and mesoxerophytes increase. It is not peculiar for forest communities. On the basis of the obtained data it is possible to define a disturbance degree of a vegetable cover under the anthropogenic influence. It is revealed that in suburban forests of Samara, despite high appeal and comfort, the vital condition of forest stands of an oak is weakened. It is necessary to carry out a complex of forestry and landscape actions for optimization of recreational forest exploitation that will improve a condition of forest plants and increase their stability in the conditions of anthropogenic loading. These materials can form a basis for a further study of the flora of the area.

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Zhukov, A. V., and D. B. Shatalin. "ГИГРОТОП И ТРОФОТОП БИОГЕОЦЕНОЗОВ СТЕПНОГО ПРИДНЕПРОВЬЯ КАК ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ β-РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ СООБЩЕСТВ ДОЖДЕВЫХ ЧЕРВЕЙ (LUMBRICIDAE)." Biological Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University 6, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 188–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/201651.

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The role of the hygrotope and trophotope of the steppe Pridniprovie biogeoceonosis has been discussed in present article as being determinants of the β-diversity of earthworms (Lumbricidae) communities. Material has been colected to the period 1997-2015. 180 sample polygons have been studied which located in various types of biogeoceonosis. Biogeoceonotic characteristic of the sample polygons have been made on the basis of professor A.L. Belgard forest typology of a steppe zone of Ukraine. Earthworm communities of the steppe Pridniprovie have been established to be presented by 16 species. Hygrotopes, trophotopes and bitope ceonosis features have been shown to be able to explain 72.4 % of a communities’ abundance variation and 73.7 of their % α-diversity by means of second order model. Earthworm communities’ abundance reache their maximum values at a combination of conditions of humidity from hygromesophilous to hygrophilous and conditions of edaphotope trophicity from Dc (linden oakwood) to Dn (elm-ashen oakwood and alder forests). The maximum diversity of earthworm communities has been stated to be characteristic for a combination of mesohygrophilous conditions and a trophicity mode Dc, that there corresponds to forest type a linden oakwood with aegopodium. The coenomorphic structure of the biogeocoenosis is statistically significant predictors of both abundance and α-diversity of earthworm communities. Earthworm communities of marsh monocoenosis, meadow-steppe amphicoenosis and steppe monocoenosis have been found as being characterised by minimum abundance and diversity. Moderate level abundance and diversity are characteristic for meadow-forest amphicoenosis, forest pseudomonocoenosis with elements of transformation to steppe and forest-steppe amphicoenosis. High levels of these indexes are typical for forest monocoenosis. Given other conditions of humidity and edaphotope trophicity being equal in forest monocoenosis abundance and diversity of earthworm communities will be higher than in other biogeocoenosis types. The MDM-analysis (Multinomial Diversity Model) reveals that habitats coenotic features define 12.61 % of all entropy of earthworm communities, hygrotopes – 24.12 %, trophotopes – 12.3 %. The square-law hygrotope member defines 10.93 %, and trophotope – 2.05 %. Hygrotope and trophotope interaction defines 1.53 % of entropy of earthworm communities. Sites (α -diversity) define 36.45 % of entropy. There are other factors which influence a diversity of earthworm communities besides a humidity, trophicity and habitat coenotic features. Steppe Pridniprovie earthworm complexes have been divided into ecological groups on the basis of relation to humidity (hygromorphes) and to edaphotope trophicity (trophocenomorphes). Earthworms hygromorphes are presented by xerophylous (2 species), mesophylous (9 species), hygrophylous (4 species), ultrahygrophylous (1 species). Trophocoenomorphes are presented by oligotrophocoenomorphes (1 species), oligomesotrophocoenomorphes (4 species), mesotrophocoenomorphes (9 species), megatrophocoenomorphes (2 species).

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Samokhvalov, Konstantin Vitalyevich, Aleksandr Petrovich Arsentiev, and Evgeny Arkadievich Sinichkin. "A geographical analysis of the dendroflora of Cheboksary in the greening system of the city." Samara Journal of Science 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2022114117.

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The paper presents the results of the geographical analysis of the dendroflora of Cheboksary. The landscaping system of Cheboksary is represented mainly by woody vegetation, which grows in public areas, in limited-use plantings, as well as along the streets and main highways of Cheboksary. Woody vegetation is represented by 73 species, which, according to the generally accepted systematics of plants, belong to 43 genera and 20 families. The geographical analysis of the dendroflora of Cheboksary is based on archaeological data from various reports. In the dendroflora of Cheboksary, 7 groups of the area have been identified, depending on their natural distribution: 1) aboriginal group, 2) cultural group, 3) hybrid group, 4) North American group, 5) East Asian group, 6) Mediterranean group, 7) European group. The dendroflora of Cheboksary is dominated by introducents, which account for 44 species. The most numerous of the introducers is the East Asian group, which makes up 41% of the total, the North American and European groups 25% each, the Mediterranean group 9%. The geographical composition of the dendroflora, depending on the element of the system of green spaces, showed that the largest number of introducers were identified in public plantings, which were represented by 40 species of trees and shrubs, in limiteduse plantings 29 species, along streets and main roads 28 species. The analysis of the dendroflora by the ratio of hygromorphs has revealed that mesophytes predominate in the dendroflora of Cheboksary 54,7%, xerophytes 17,8%, mesoxerophytes 12,3%.

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Keropyan, A. A., M. V. Nagalevsky, O. V. Bukareva, and T. G. Yanenko. "Rare and endangered plant species of the Kuban State University Botanical Garden." Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии 22, no. 2 (December 4, 2023): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023111.

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The paper presents the results of research on rare and endangered plant species growing on the territory of the Educational Botanical Garden of the Kuban State University. A systematic list of 88 plant species from 62 genera and 40 families listed in the regional Red Book has been compiled. A taxonomic analysis was carried out showing the predominant families, as well as the distribution of the studied flora into monotypic, oligotypic and polytypic families. The analysis of life forms according to the I. G. Serebryakov system showed that perennial grasses predominate, the smallest number of species refers to annual grasses. Ecological analysis was carried out on two groups of ecomorphs: in relation to light and moisture. Among the heliomorphs, heliophytes predominate. Xerophytes predominate among hygromorphs. According to the data of the zoological analysis, it was revealed that out of 88 species of the collection of rare and endangered plants of the Kuban State University Botanical Garden, 34 species are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. The zoological characteristics of the studied flora of the KubGU Botanical Garden are given. In order to identify changes in the state of flora, as well as clarity of replenishment of the collection of the Educational Botanical Garden of the Kuban State University, a comparative characteristic of changes in the categories of plant species growing on the territory of the Educational Botanical Garden in the period from 1994 to 2017 was carried out.

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Koll, Rebecca A., and William A. DiMichele. "Dominance-diversity architecture of a mixed hygromorphic-to-xeromorphic flora from a botanically rich locality in western equatorial Pangea (lower Permian Emily Irish site, Texas, USA." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 563 (February 2021): 110132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110132.

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Babenko, D. A., and O. V. Sedova. "ECOLOGICAL - CENOTIC AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SALVIA TESQUICOLA KLOKOV & POBED ON THE TERRITORY OF THE RIGHT BANK OF THE SARATOV REGION." Proceedings of Gorsky State Agrarian University 61, no. 2 (June 25, 2024): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54258/20701047_2024_61_2_124.

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The article presents the results of research on Salvia tesquicola Klokov & Pobed as a promising medicinal plant. The study was conducted during the growing seasons 2020-2023. on the territory of the right bank of the Saratov region. In the communities with the participation of steppe sage, 119 species of higher flowering plants belonging to 28 families were noted. The leading place in the number of species is occupied by the family Asteraceae (25.6 %). Comparison of phytocenoses using the Jaccard coefficient showed a high degree of heterogeneity in their species composition. Among the coenomorphs, the most numerous are ruderants (45% of the number of species of the studied flora) and stepants (35 %), hygromorphs - xeromesophytes (49 %), trophomorphs - mesotrophs (58 %). On the territory of the Saratov region, S. tesquicola is characterized by habitats with moderately fertile soils and a dryish-fresh moisture regime. This species prefers anthropogenically disturbed areas, where an increase in its phytomass is observed. The yield value was 183.6±0.04 g/m2. Aqueous extracts from the above-ground organs of S. tesquicola have allelopathic activity and negatively affect the germination of seeds of dicotyledonous plants and the development of monocotyledonous seedlings. When comparatively assessing the data obtained by the spectrophotometric method, it was found that elements such as Cd and Cu exceed the normal concentration. At all sampling points, an excess of the toxic concentration of Cr is also observed, since S. tesquicola is an active accumulator of this element. This type of plant is often used in folk medicine but due to the revealed data on the accumulation of some heavy metals, it is necessary to carefully select the place where raw materials are collected.

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Shitikova, Aleksandra V., Aurel A. Abiala, and Anastasia V. Povarnitsyna. "The role of morphological adaptation and variability of potato varieties in plants photosynthetic apparatus formation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 022055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/2/022055.

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Abstract When determining the duration of interphase periods, researchers are faced with a number of difficulties, such as flowering dates absence or delay, a weak correlation between flowering and tuberization, and death of the aboveground part of plants from diseases and pests. In regards to flowering, potatoes are a long-day plant, and according to tuberization - a short one, therefore, photoperiodism significantly affects the development of potato plants. Under conditions of a long day, the normal development of the above-ground plant mass occurs, while a change in photoperiodic conditions until a short day leads to plant’s above cessation growth -ground organs and the onset of enhanced tuberization. The duration of the interfacial periods is influenced by soil and climatic factors, such as heat and moisture supply; under the experimental conditions, the growing season was also determined by varietal characteristics. It should also be noted that the duration of the interphase periods depends on the agrotechnical measures. During the years of research, this indicator varied greatly and had an impact on the yield of the studied varieties. The article presents the results of 3-year studies on the adaptation of potato varieties to changing climatic conditions based on plant architectonics peculiarities research, systematization of new promising potato varieties according to ecological and morphological characteristics, allowing to control crop productivity, is carried out. The most productive in years with contrasting moisture availability were potato varieties, the mid-season variety of the xeromorphic ecomorphic type Kumach (35.7 t/ha), the hygromorphic ultra-early ripening variety Meteor (33.9 t/ha); mesomorphic mid-season varieties Barin (33.9 t/ha) and Resurs (32.3 t/ha). There was a positive correlation between the yield and the atLEAF parameters, the chlorophyll content was higher than the average values for the varieties by 1.8 - 6.2 units.

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Suissa, Jacob S. "Fern fronds that move like pine cones: humidity-driven motion of fertile leaflets governs the timing of spore dispersal in a widespread fern species." Annals of Botany 129, no. 5 (November 19, 2021): 519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab137.

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Abstract Background and Aims The sensitive fern, Onoclea sensibilis, is a widespread species in eastern North America and has an atypical timing of spore dispersal among temperate ferns. During early summer, this dimorphic species produces heavily modified spore-bearing fronds with leaflets tightly enveloping their sporangia and spores. These fronds senesce and persist above ground as dead mature structures until the following early spring when the leaflets finally open and spores are dispersed. While this timing of spore dispersal has been observed for over 120 years, the structural mechanisms underpinning this phenology have remained elusive. Methods Based on field observations, growth chamber manipulations and scanning electron microscopy, the mechanisms underlying this distinctive timing of spore dispersal in the sensitive fern were investigated. Key Results I show that fertile leaflets of the sensitive fern move in direct response to changes in humidity, exhibiting structural and functional parallels with multicellular hygromorphic structures in seed plants, such as pine cones. These parallels include differences in cellulose microfibril orientation in cells on the abaxial and adaxial sides of the leaflet. The dynamics of this hygroscopic movement concomitant with regular abscission zones along the pinnules and coordinated senescence lead to the specific timing of early spring spore dispersal in the sensitive fern. Conclusions While hygroscopic movement is common in seed-free plants, it mostly occurs in small structures that are either one or a few cells in size, such as the leptosporangium. Given its multicellular structure and integration across many cells and tissues, the movement and construction of the sensitive fern pinnules are more similar to structures in seed plants. The evolution of this complex trait in the sensitive fern efficiently regulates the timing of spore release, leading to early spring dispersal. This phenology likely gives gametophytes and subsequent sporophytes an advantage with early germination and growth.

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Bogoslov, A. V., I. V. Shilova, A. S. Kashin, A. S. Parkhomenko, and L. V. Grebenyuk. "Analysis of habitats and bioecological composition of communities with the participation of species of the genus Delphinium in the southeast of European Russia." Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии 22, no. 1 (July 3, 2023): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023008.

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Between 2013 and 2020, 47 communities with seven species of the genus Delphinium were studied on the territory of 12 regions of the southeast of European Russia. The analysis of habitats by vegetation cover using the ecological scales of L. G. Ramensky showed that soils under communities with species of the genus Delpinium are often quite rich and very slightly alluvial. D. subcuneatum communities grow in habitats with the highest moisture-meadow-steppe (moist-steppe) and wet-meadow habitats; communities of D. duhmbergii grow in less humid habitats with dry-meadow (and fresh-meadow) moisture; with dry-meadow (and fresh-meadow) and meadow-steppe (moist-steppe) humidification - communities of D. dictyocarpum, D. litwinowii, and D. pubiflorum; in meadow-steppe (moist-steppe) humidification, communities of D. sergii. D. puniceum communities grow in the least moisture-provided habitats, with moisture ranging from dry-steppe and middle-steppe to semi-desert (desert-steppe). The biomorphological composition of communities with species of the genus Delphinium is dominated by hemicryptophytes, among which, the most numerous are tap-rooted, short-rhizomatous, and long-rhizomatous. The composition of cenomorphs reflects the confinement of communities with the majority of Delphinium species presented in the study to the forest-steppe zone, and communities with D. sergii and D. puniceum - to the steppe and semi-desert zone. In communities, the first place among trophomorphs is occupied by mesotrophs, and the second by megatrophs. The spectrum of hygromorphs is quite wide and includes species from xerophytes to ultrahygrophytes, however, xerophytes, mesoxerophytes, xeromesophytes, and mesophytes are the predominant groups most often. Judging by the predominance of heliophytes among heliomorphs, communities with all studied species of the genus Delphinium prefer open spaces. The spectrum of thermomorphs of all studied communities is dominated by mesotherms, for which the ecological optimum coincides with a moderate heat supply regime.

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Baranovski, B. O., I. A. Ivanko, L. O. Karmyzova, V. V. Trotner, and V. V. Nikolaieva. "Phytodiversity of the Inhulets River floodplain flora (Shyrokivskyi district)." Ecology and Noospherology 35, no. 1 (May 30, 2024): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/032401.

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The phytodiversity of the floodplain of the Inhulets River in the Shyrokivsky district was studied and the bioecological characteristics of flora species were compiled based on the results of systematic, biological and ecological analyzes. It was found that the flora of the floodplain landscape is represented by 329 species belonging to 69 families. The spectrum of the studied flora is dominated by perennials among biomorphs, heliomorphs – heliophytes, trophomorphs – mesotrophs, hygromorphs – mesophytes, and cenomorphs – ruderals and pratants. In the studied flora, 20 species from the Red List of Dnipro region were recorded, three of which are included in the Red Book of Ukraine: Crocus reticulatus Stev. ex Adam., Ornithogalum bouscheanum (Kunth) Aschers and Tulipa quercetorum Klokov et Zoz. Rare species included in the Red Data Book of Dnipro region were recorded in the woody and shrubby vegetation of the studied area: Viburnum lantana L., Berberis vulgaris L., Rosa maeotica Dubovik. All of this emphasizes the significant conservation value of the studied floodplain. The adventitious flora is represented by 95 species (29.6% of the total flora of the floodplain), among which five species are invasive. The macrophytic vegetation of the Inhulets floodplain is distributed in the coastal shallow waters, which are on average up to 5 meters wide and are represented by intermittent bands of air-water and submerged vegetation. Higher aquatic vegetation is characterized by intermittent-zonal and border types of overgrowth. The results of the study show a fairly high phytodiversity of the floodplain of the Ingulets River – 22.94% of the total number of flora species of the Right Bank Steppe Dnipro region, and is also important for the creation of a cadastre of plant species of Ukraine and for river restoration and management.

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Malenko, Ya, O. Kobriushko, and D. Verba. "SPECTRA OF TAXA ECOMORPHIC CAPACITY OF PLANT COMMUNITIES IN TECHNOGENIC ECOTOPES OF KRYVBAS DUMPS." BIOLOGY & ECOLOGY 10, no. 1 (June 17, 2024): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2024.10.1.306020.

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The article refers to the relevance of conducting comprehensive studies of plant communities’ composition of dumps’ technogenic ecotopes as an initial stage in learning the structure, specifics of conditions and trends in developing vegetation of disturbed lands. The expediency of detailing the ecomorphic capacity of various taxa based on the theory of ecological and taxonomic spectra is noted to establish ecological, adaptive potential, inherent and realized by each taxon. Research conducted within the dumps «2-3» of PJSC «ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih» allowed to record 184 species of angiosperms belonging to 132 genera and 35 families. Analysis of the constructed ecomorphic capacity spectra of taxa (classes, families) indicates their unequal ecomorphic capacity.The ecomorphic capacity of Magnoliopsida is larger than that of Liliopsida. The predominant part of the Magnoliopsida ecomorphic capacity spectrabelongs to ruderants, ruderal stepants and stepants, xeromesophytes and mesoxerophytes, heliophytes, hemicryptophytes and therophytes, and mesotrophs.Stepants, ruderants, xeromesophytes, heliophytes, therophytes,cryptophytes, and mesotrophs dominate in the Liliopsida ecomorphic capacity spectra. The cenomorphic capacity spectra of the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Apiaceae are expanded and contain the most different cenomorphs when the spectra of the cenomorphic capacity of 15 families are narrowed and monotypic in terms of the composition of cenomorphs. The extended hygromorphic capacity spectra are characteristic of Poaceae, Asteraceae, Caryophyllaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Scrophulariaceae; heliomorphic capacity spectra – of Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Apiaceae; climamorphic capacity spectra – of Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae, Caryophyllaceae; trophomorphic capacity spectra – of Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Euphorbiaceae. The approach of plant communities to a more or less stable state is accompanied by reduction and relative stabilization in the composition of ecomorphic spectra and taxa capacity. Identical changes in the ecomorphic capacity of taxa on dumps that have a certain similarity in ecological conditions, substrate characteristics,and storage age can be used as diagnostic indicators of the stages of zonal restoration of vegetation cover on disturbed lands.

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Zhukov, Alexander, and Galina Gadorozhnaya. "Spatial Heterogeneity of Mechanical Impedance of Atypical Chernozem: The Ecological Approach." Ekológia (Bratislava) 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 263–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eko-2016-0021.

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AbstractIn this research paper, the spatial heterogeneity of mechanical impedance of a typical chernozem was investigated. The distance between experimental points in the mechanical impedance space was explained by means of multidimensional scaling. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between dissimilarity indices and gradient separation with different data transformation methods revealed that the use of log-transformed data and Horn-Morisita distance was the most appropriate approach to reflect the relationship between the mechanical impedance of soil and ecological factors. A three dimensional variant of multidimensional scaling procedure was selected as the most appropriate decision. Environmental factors were estimated with the use of phytoindicator scales. Broad, medium and fine-scale components of spatial variation of mechanical impedance of soil were extracted using the principal coordinates of neighbour matrices method (PCNM). In the extracted dimensions, statistically significant phytoindicator scales were found to describe variability from 8 to 33%. Dimension 1 correlated with a thermal climate indicator value, a hygromorphs index, an abundance of steppe species and meadow species. Dimension 2 correlated with a continental climate indicator value, carbonate content in the soil and the soil trophicity index (capacity of the soil for plant nutrition). Dimension 3 correlated with acidity, humidity and cryoclimate indicator values. Variation partitioning results revealed that environmental factors and spatial variables explained 47.8% of the total variation of the dimensions. Purely environmental component explained 18.2% of total variation. The spatial component and spatially structured environmental fractions explained 43.6%. The broad-scale spatial component explained 26.4% of dimensional variation, medium-scale – 6.7% and fine-scale – 5.7%. As a result of regression analysis, the broad-scale spatially structured environmental fractions were found to be connected with variability of moisture and thermal climate indicator values. The medium-scale component was revealed to be connected with variability of moisture, thermal climate, total salt regime and aeration of soil indicator value. The fine-scale component was connected with carbonate content in the soil, acidity and humidity indicator values.

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Baranovski, B. O. "Analysis of the flora the valley-terrace landscapes of the Ukrainian steppe zone." Ecology and Noospherology 35, no. 1 (May 29, 2024): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/032407.

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The article presents a comprehensive characterization of the flora the valley-terrace landscapes of the Ukrainian steppe zone based on the results of systematic, geographical, biological and ecomorphic analyses. It has been established that the flora of valley-terrace landscapes is represented by 1315 species of vascular plants belonging to 508 genera, 120 families, 6 classes and 5 divisions. The spectrum of the leading families of valley-terrace landscapes of the steppe zone of Ukraine basically coincides with a similar spectrum leading families of vascular plants of southeastern Ukraine, the flora of the Right Bank steppe and of the Dniester-Tiligul interfluve. The only difference is in the Cyperaceae family, which ranks fifth in the spectrum of leading families, while in the above floras this family is on the 9th–10th places. The flora is dominated by hemicryptophytes among climamorphs, perennials among biomorphs, heliophytes among heliomorphs, mesotrophs among trophomorphs, mesophytes among hygromorphs, and pratants among cenomorphs. According to the cenomorphic analysis of the flora, it was found that 30.2% (397 species) have a ruderal component (found in ruderal, semi-natural habitats). The adventitious flora is represented by 223 species of vascular plants (16.96%), including 6 invasive species. From the flora of valley-terrace landscapes of the Ukrainian steppe zone, 8 species of vascular plants are included in the World Red List (WRL), and 14 species are included in the European Red List. The Red Data Book of Ukraine in different categories: (1) – 1 species, (2) – 25 species, (3) – 9 species, (4) – 7 species. The Red List of Dnipropetrovska oblast includes 42 species of the studied flora. The analysis of species occurrence categories revealed that 88 species are very rare, 495 species are rare, 286 species are sporadic, 368 species are frequent, and 78 species are very frequent. The analysis of landscape transformation according to the hemerobia system shows that mesohemorrhizal species predominate in the flora, which indicates an average level of transformation of valley-terrace landscapes of the Ukrainian steppe zone.

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Baranovski, B. A., I. A. Ivanko, L. O. Karmyzova, Y. A. Harvart, V. V. Nicolaieva, A. F. Kulik, and Y. I. Hrytsan. "Phytodiversity of the "Samara plavni" regional landscape park." Питання степового лісознавства та лісової рекультивації земель 49 (October 16, 2020): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/442002.

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Рresented the results of floroecological, hydrobotanical and geobotanical researches of the Regional Landscape Park "Samara Plavni". Regional Landscape Park (RLP) "Samara Plavni" is located in the waters of the Samara Bay, which was formed as a result of flooding of the floodplain of the Samara River during the creation of the Zaporozhye (Dnieper) Reservoir and the surrounding area. Conducted a systematic and bioecological analysis of the flora of vascular plants. Studied the composition of the rare fraction of flora and associated flora element. The research was carried out according to the generally accepted methods of floristic, geobotanical and hydrobotanical research. Bioecomorphic characteristics of species (selection of ecomorphs) are compiled according by A. L. Belgard ecomorph system using the following ecomorphs: biomorphs (one-, two-, perennials); heliomorphs (relation to light); hygromorphs (relation to the aquatic environment); tropomorphs (relation to nutrition); cenomorphs (growth in certain phytocenoses). Ecological characteristics of species were given from literature sources and according to the results of many years of own research. The analysis of the adventitious fraction was carried out at the time of drift – archaeophytes, neophytes. Advent status was determined on the basis of literature data. Vegetation of the regional landscape park "Samara Plavni" is represented by natural and semi-natural groups. The main area of shallow water is occupied by massifs of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud and groups of submerged vegetation. The tree and shrub vegetation of the park is represented by natural forest complexes, semi-natural groups and artificial plantations. Meadow and meadow-swamp vegetation of the landscape park is represented by complexes of associations of mesophytes and hygrophytes. The floristic list of vascular plant flora is 617 species. Hemicryptophytes, perennials, sciogeliophytes and heliophytes, mesotrophs, mesophytes, hygrophytes predominate here. Among cenomorphs, most species are represented by meadow (139) and forest (108) species. The rare fraction of flora is 73 species. There are 128 species of ruderal flora and 140 species of adventive flora, including 6 invasive species. At the time of entry into the study area allochthonous element of flora is divided into two groups: archaeophytes – 63 species (45%) and neophytes – 77 species (55%).

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Orlova, Larysa, Nataliia Vlasenko, Svіtlana Gapon, Maryna Zhuk, Marina Dyachenko-Bohun, Nataliia Hrytsai, and Igor Grygus. "Poaceae and Fabaceae of meadows of Poltava region and their protein value." Ecological Questions 33, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/eq.2022.008.

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The main representatives of meadow Poaceae and Fabaceae of Poltava region are established and their ecomorphic analysis is made 93 species of meadow Poaceae have been found in meadow phytocenoses, which are grouped into 44 genera. Among the found cereals on biomorphs are dominated by perennials (73.0%), on climamorphs among them approximately the same number of cryptophytes and hemicryptophytes, consideration of hygromorphs of the family indicates the predominance of mesophytic plants (56.0%), the bulk of species by tropomorphs belongs to mesotrophic (46.0%), viewing heliomorphs of identified family members indicates their photophobia. 71 species of Fabaceae belonging to 16 genera were found in the meadows. According to biomorphs, most of the identified species are perennials (73.0%). According to ecomorphs, mesophilic, light-loving species, which love soils of medium richness (more than half of all identified species), predominate among the studied species. The consequences of studying the protein in meadow Poaceae and Fabaceae of Poltava region are given. The total protein accumulation in the species studied by us was in the range of 2.5–25.8%. The average values for families are given and specific quantitative indicators of separate genera and species are given. The division of the studied species into three groups according to the content of the indicator is proposed: with low (up to 6.9%), medium (7.0-13.0%) and high (more than 13.0%) number. The studied species were analyzed on a scale of protein content (from 0 to 20 points). According to the given score, the studied cereals are in the group of species with low and medium content, and legumes - medium and high. In the dynamics of protein content during the phases of the growing season you can see a certain trend. Maximum protein is accumulated by representatives at earlier stages of ontogenesis. Analysis of the indicator, depending on their relationship to the biomorph showed some patterns. Thus, annual species, on average, contain an indicator at the level of the second group, and perennial - all three groups. Two-year-olds most often have protein at the level of the third group. This is understandable because they need a lot of nutrients for overwintering and active flowering and fruit formation next year. Moisture conditions also affect protein accumulation. Thus, the studied xerophilous Poaceae according to our research have 9.2 ± 0.4%, mesophilic - 8.2 ± 1.2%. Proven value biomorfy to quantify protein content. It is shown that the concentration parameter affecting growing conditions, including moisture.

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Zhukov, O., O. Lisovets, and K. Molozhon. "Differential ecomorphic analysis of urban park vegetation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1254, no. 1 (October 1, 2023): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1254/1/012023.

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Abstract The ecomorphic approach was developed to analyze the structure of natural plant communities. This method was applied to analyze the ecological structure of an artificial park plantation in an urban environment. Urban parks perform important and diverse functions in the urban environment. As anthropogenic objects, urban parks should be subject to adequate and effective management that can increase the functional value of forest plantations in the city and ensure their sustainability. In this regard, the choice of the quantitative parameters of the park plantation to be managed is crucial. We hypothesize that ecomorphic analysis can be the basis for selecting optimal quantitative criteria for parkland management. Therefore, the goal of our study was to assess the informational value of ecomorphic analysis for characterizing park plantation in urban environments. In the park, 166 species of vascular plants were found, which are represented by phanerophytes (19.9%), nannophanerophytes (8.4%), hemicryptophytes (40.4%), geophytes (11.4%), theorophytes (18.7%) and geolophytes (1.2%). Sylvants (35.5%) predominate among the coenomorphs, with slightly less pratants (22.3%), ruderants (18.7%) and stepants (14.5%). Cultivants (3.0%), psammophytes (3.0%) and paludants (3.0%) were occasionally found. The proportion of xeromesophytes and mesophytes was the highest (32.5 and 31.3% respectively). The proportion of mesoxerophytes was also relatively high (28.3%). The proportion of other hygromorphs was relatively low. The trophomorphs were represented mainly by mesotrophs (71.1%) and a slightly smaller proportion of megatrophs (22.3%). The oligotrophs were found occasionally (6.6%). Sciogeophytes (57.2%) and heliophytes (30.1%) prevailed among heliomorphs. The proportion of sciophytes and heliosciophytes was much lower (3.6 and 9.0 %, respectively). Entomophilous plant species were the most common among the vegetation cover of the park (71.7%). Anemophilous plants were significantly inferior to them (26.5%). Autogamous and hydrophilous plants were found occasionally (1.2 and 0.6% respectively). Ballistic diasporeochores prevailed among diasporeochores (39.8%). The proportion of anemochores and endozoochores was somewhat lower (27.7 and 12.0% respectively). The results obtained allow to discover the essential ecological features of the park plantation. The park plantation has many features that bring it closer to natural forests. The similarity consists in a significant proportion of silvants, shade-loving species, and mesotrophs. A significant level of anthropogenic impact can be diagnosed on the basis of information about the increased proportion of ruderants in the plant community. The differential analysis of the ecomorphic structure in the section by climorphs is of considerable value. This approach allowed to detect an increased role of the zoogenic factor in the distribution of diaspores of phanerophytes and nannophanerophytes and an increased role of wind in the dispersal of geophytes and therophytes. The role of wind is reduced in the dispersion of hemicryptophytes in the urban environment.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hygromorphism'

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